Diagonalizeable

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An operator T on a finite-dimensional vector space V is diagonalizeable if V has a basis of eigenvectors for T.

Denseness of diagonalizeable operators

The space of complex linear operators on \mathbb{C}^n may be identified with the vector space M_n(\mathbb{C}) of nxn matrices with complex coefficients. As such, it inherits a natural structure as a topological space.


Given this topology, the set of diagonalizeable functions is a dense subset of M_n(\mathbb{C}^n).

We can prove this as follows: Every complex matrix A is conjugate to a matrix B in Jordan canonical form. One can then perturb the diagonal elements bii of B by arbitrarily small numbers εi so that the diagonal elements bii + εiof the perturbed matrix are distinct. But this implies that the perturbed matrix is diagonalizeable. Thus, we can find a diagonalizeable matrix arbitrarily close to a conjugate of A. But since conjugation is a length-preserving operation on the inner product space of complex matrices, this shows that A is arbitrarily close to a diagonalizeable matrix. This completes the proof.

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