Wave equation

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The wave equation is an important differential equation in physics. It describes how waves propagate through mediums, whether they be transverse waves (e.g. electromagnetic radiation) or longitudinal waves (e.g. sound waves).

One-Dimensional Wave Equation

One type of wave equation is the one-dimensional wave equation. The mathematical relation describes a wave whose parts only oscillate in one dimension. This wave, however, can propagate in all three spacial dimensions. An example would be a vibrating rope or string with both ends fixed.

The one-dimensional wave equation can be written[1]:

 \frac{\partial^2 y}{dx^2} = \frac{1}{v^2} \frac{\partial^2 y}{dt^2}

where y = y(x,t), the y-direction of motion at a point x that changes with time t, and v = the phase velocity of the wave.

References

  1. Pain, H.J. The Physics of Vibrations and Waves 6th edition. Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, 2005
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