Difference between revisions of "Artificial intelligence"
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| − | + | [[Image:Hgcfjy.jpg|right|thumb|ASIMO is a humanoid robot created by [[Honda]]. Standing at 130 centimeters and weighing 54 kilograms, the robot resembles a small astronaut wearing a backpack and can walk on two feet in a manner resembling human locomotion at up to 6 km/h. ASIMO was created at Honda's Research & Development Wako Fundamental Technical Research Center in [[Japan]].]] | |
| − | [[Image:Hgcfjy.jpg|right|thumb|ASIMO is a humanoid robot created by Honda. Standing at 130 centimeters and weighing 54 kilograms, the robot resembles a small astronaut wearing a backpack and can walk on two feet in a manner resembling human locomotion at up to 6 km/h. ASIMO was created at Honda's Research & Development Wako Fundamental Technical Research Center in Japan | + | |
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| − | Many philosophers, including | + | '''Artificial intelligence''' (or '''AI''') is a computer-based simulation of the human thought process. It is a common feature in [[science-fiction]], but as yet no true AI (IE, one capable of passing the [[Turing Test]]) has been created, and only very limited progress has been made on such simple subcomponents as facial recognition or beating world champion chess players at [[chess]]. |
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| + | Many philosophers, including John Searle, have advanced the view that artificial intelligence is an impossible goal. The main argument is that it would be impossible for a machine, a creation of man, to ever achieve actual understanding and comprehension of either language or the world around it, as the machine is simply a set of rules which process symbolic information. This argument is summarized by Searle's [[thought experiment]], the Chinese Room.<ref>http://www.iep.utm.edu/c/chineser.htm</ref> Despite being a [[humanist]], Searle's arguments reflect the popular religious thought that creation can never be as great as the Creator. Thus, his conclusions are self-evident truth to any theist, as a machine is simply a metal object. | ||
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| + | Artificial intelligence was most popular between the 60's and the 80's, when computers were still new and misunderstood. [[Alan Turing]] was responsible for much of the fever of attempting to create intelligent computers, and with the publication his paper ''Computing Machinery and Intelligence'', created a famous test which would later be known as the [[Turing test]]. The more unscientific elements of the AIs, in particular their eventually evolving to develop a mind indistinguishable from that of a human, had its roots from various 18th and 19th century philosophers, in particular the school of thought known as self-organization which was an update to naturalism.<ref>http://www.equip.org/article/the-matrix-unloaded-revelations/</ref> | ||
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| + | The field is now divided into several sub-branches, which attempt to recreate some of the features and abilities of the human mind, without assuming that the features such as real intelligence, understanding or emotions are in any way possible for a computer. | ||
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| + | In more philosophical genres of science fiction such as ''The Matrix'' trilogy or ''Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty'', artificial intelligence is generally depicted as being in charge of humanity with negative results such as them manipulating humans like chess pieces. This was usually done to promote post-modernism.<ref>http://www.equip.org/article/the-matrix-unloaded-revelations/</ref> | ||
| − | + | ==See also== | |
| − | [[ | + | * [[Deep Blue]] |
| + | * [[Robot]] | ||
| + | *[https://www.csee.umbc.edu/courses/471/papers/turing.pdf Computing Machinery and Intelligence], Turning's 1950 paper | ||
| + | ==References== | ||
| + | {{reflist}} | ||
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[[Category:Technology]] | [[Category:Technology]] | ||
[[Category:Computers]] | [[Category:Computers]] | ||
| − | + | [[Category:Psychology]] | |
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Revision as of 13:19, June 26, 2017
Artificial intelligence (or AI) is a computer-based simulation of the human thought process. It is a common feature in science-fiction, but as yet no true AI (IE, one capable of passing the Turing Test) has been created, and only very limited progress has been made on such simple subcomponents as facial recognition or beating world champion chess players at chess.
Many philosophers, including John Searle, have advanced the view that artificial intelligence is an impossible goal. The main argument is that it would be impossible for a machine, a creation of man, to ever achieve actual understanding and comprehension of either language or the world around it, as the machine is simply a set of rules which process symbolic information. This argument is summarized by Searle's thought experiment, the Chinese Room.[1] Despite being a humanist, Searle's arguments reflect the popular religious thought that creation can never be as great as the Creator. Thus, his conclusions are self-evident truth to any theist, as a machine is simply a metal object.
Artificial intelligence was most popular between the 60's and the 80's, when computers were still new and misunderstood. Alan Turing was responsible for much of the fever of attempting to create intelligent computers, and with the publication his paper Computing Machinery and Intelligence, created a famous test which would later be known as the Turing test. The more unscientific elements of the AIs, in particular their eventually evolving to develop a mind indistinguishable from that of a human, had its roots from various 18th and 19th century philosophers, in particular the school of thought known as self-organization which was an update to naturalism.[2]
The field is now divided into several sub-branches, which attempt to recreate some of the features and abilities of the human mind, without assuming that the features such as real intelligence, understanding or emotions are in any way possible for a computer.
In more philosophical genres of science fiction such as The Matrix trilogy or Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty, artificial intelligence is generally depicted as being in charge of humanity with negative results such as them manipulating humans like chess pieces. This was usually done to promote post-modernism.[3]
See also
- Deep Blue
- Robot
- Computing Machinery and Intelligence, Turning's 1950 paper
