Difference between revisions of "Hungarian"

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The Hungarian language is member of the Finno-Ugric branch of languages; however, the set of the basic Hungarian words contains more than 300 Turkic words.
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The '''Hungarian language''' is member of the [[Finno-Ugric]] branch of languages; however, the set of the basic Hungarian words contains more than 300 Turkic words.
  
The Hungarian language is spoken by 10 million people in Hungary and about 5-6 million people outside of Hungary.
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The Hungarian language is spoken by 10 million people in [[Hungary]] and about 5-6 million people outside of [[Hungary]].
  
 
==Linguistic periods of the Hungarian language==
 
==Linguistic periods of the Hungarian language==
The Hungarian linguistics uses the following system:
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The Hungarian linguistics uses the following system:<ref>Kiss, Jenő and Pusztai, Ferenc (2003, ed.): Magyar Nyelvtörténet [Hungarian Language History], Budapest: Osiris Kiadó</ref>
 
*'''Ancient Hungarian Period''' (1000 BC-896)
 
*'''Ancient Hungarian Period''' (1000 BC-896)
 
*'''Old Hungarian Period''' (896-1526)
 
*'''Old Hungarian Period''' (896-1526)
 
*'''Middle Hungarian Period''' (1526-1772)
 
*'''Middle Hungarian Period''' (1526-1772)
 
*'''New Hungarian Period''' (1772-1920)
 
*'''New Hungarian Period''' (1772-1920)
*'''Latest Hungarian Period''' (1920-present-day)
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*'''Latest Hungarian Period''' (1920–present-day)
  
 
==Orthography==
 
==Orthography==
  
The official script is the Hungarian Latin based script, it is shortly called as '''Hungarian alphabet'''.
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The official script is the Hungarian Latin-based script, it is shortly called as '''Hungarian alphabet''' or '''Hungarian [[orthography]]'''. Its earlier version is called '''Old Hungarian orthography'''. The Old Hungarian orthography was in use up to 1832.
  
 
Moreover, there are two historical scripts, which are used for presenting the Hungarian language:
 
Moreover, there are two historical scripts, which are used for presenting the Hungarian language:
 
* [[Szekely-Hungarian Rovas]]
 
* [[Szekely-Hungarian Rovas]]
 
* [[Carpathian Basin Rovas]]
 
* [[Carpathian Basin Rovas]]
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 +
==References==
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*Benkő, Loránd (1991, editor-in-chief): A magyar nyelv történeti nyelvtana. A korai ómagyar kor és előzményei [The historical grammar of the Hungarian language. The early Old Hungarian period and its preliminaries]. Vol. I. Editors: Erzsébet E. Abaffy and Endre Rácz. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó.
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*Benkő, Loránd (1998): Név és történelem. Tanulmányok az Árpád-korról [Name and history. Studies about the Arpadian age]. Budapest.
 +
*Benkő, Loránd (1999): A székely nemzetségnevek történetéhez [To the history of the Szekely clan names]. In: Emlékkönyv Imreh István születésének nyolcvanadik évfordulójára [Album for the 80th birthday of István Imreh]. Erdélyi Múzeum-Egyesület, Kolozsvár, pp.&nbsp;47–58.
 +
*Benkő, Loránd (2001): Észrevételek Erdély déli részeinek korai Árpád-kori történetéhez [Observations to the history of the south parts of Transylvania in the early Arpadian age]. In: Erdély a keresztény Magyar Királyságban [Transylvania in the Christian Hungarian Kingdom]. Ser. Erdélyi Tudományos Füzetek [Scientific Booklets of Transylvania] No. 231. Ser. ed.: Gyula Dávid. ISBN 973 8231 05 1, Kolozsvár, pp.&nbsp;7–68.
 +
*Benkő, Loránd (2002): Az ómagyar nyelv tanúságtétele [Testimony of the Ancient Hungarian language]. Perújítás Dél-Erdély korai Árpád-kori történetéről [Revision of the judgment of the history of South Transylvania in the Early Arpadian age]. In: Társadalmi és Művelődéstörténeti Tanulmányok [Studies of Social and History of Culture]. Budapest: Institute of History of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2002. ISBN 963 9312 815.
 +
*Benkő, Loránd (editor-in-chief) (1992-1994): Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Ungarischen. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Vol. I–II. 1992, Vol. III. 1993, Vol. IV. 1994.
 +
*E. Abaffy, Erzsébet (1992): Az igemód- és igeidőrendszer [The systems of the grammatical mood and tense]. In: TNyt. Vol. II, No. 1, pp.&nbsp;120–183
 +
*Kiss, Jenő and Szűts, László (1991, ed.): Tanumányok a magyar nyelvtudomány történetének témaköréből [Studies from the topic of the history of the Hungarian linguistics], Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
 +
*Kiss, Jenő (2001): Magyar dialektológia [Hungarian Dialectology]. Osiris, Budapest, ISBN 9789633798799
  
 
== Notes ==
 
== Notes ==
<references>
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<references/>
  
[[Category:Writing systems]][[Category:Alphabets]]
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[[Category:Languages]]
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[[Category:Europe]]
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[[Category:Writing systems]]
 +
[[Category:Alphabets]]

Revision as of 17:31, July 20, 2016

The Hungarian language is member of the Finno-Ugric branch of languages; however, the set of the basic Hungarian words contains more than 300 Turkic words.

The Hungarian language is spoken by 10 million people in Hungary and about 5-6 million people outside of Hungary.

Linguistic periods of the Hungarian language

The Hungarian linguistics uses the following system:[1]

  • Ancient Hungarian Period (1000 BC-896)
  • Old Hungarian Period (896-1526)
  • Middle Hungarian Period (1526-1772)
  • New Hungarian Period (1772-1920)
  • Latest Hungarian Period (1920–present-day)

Orthography

The official script is the Hungarian Latin-based script, it is shortly called as Hungarian alphabet or Hungarian orthography. Its earlier version is called Old Hungarian orthography. The Old Hungarian orthography was in use up to 1832.

Moreover, there are two historical scripts, which are used for presenting the Hungarian language:

References

  • Benkő, Loránd (1991, editor-in-chief): A magyar nyelv történeti nyelvtana. A korai ómagyar kor és előzményei [The historical grammar of the Hungarian language. The early Old Hungarian period and its preliminaries]. Vol. I. Editors: Erzsébet E. Abaffy and Endre Rácz. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó.
  • Benkő, Loránd (1998): Név és történelem. Tanulmányok az Árpád-korról [Name and history. Studies about the Arpadian age]. Budapest.
  • Benkő, Loránd (1999): A székely nemzetségnevek történetéhez [To the history of the Szekely clan names]. In: Emlékkönyv Imreh István születésének nyolcvanadik évfordulójára [Album for the 80th birthday of István Imreh]. Erdélyi Múzeum-Egyesület, Kolozsvár, pp. 47–58.
  • Benkő, Loránd (2001): Észrevételek Erdély déli részeinek korai Árpád-kori történetéhez [Observations to the history of the south parts of Transylvania in the early Arpadian age]. In: Erdély a keresztény Magyar Királyságban [Transylvania in the Christian Hungarian Kingdom]. Ser. Erdélyi Tudományos Füzetek [Scientific Booklets of Transylvania] No. 231. Ser. ed.: Gyula Dávid. ISBN 973 8231 05 1, Kolozsvár, pp. 7–68.
  • Benkő, Loránd (2002): Az ómagyar nyelv tanúságtétele [Testimony of the Ancient Hungarian language]. Perújítás Dél-Erdély korai Árpád-kori történetéről [Revision of the judgment of the history of South Transylvania in the Early Arpadian age]. In: Társadalmi és Művelődéstörténeti Tanulmányok [Studies of Social and History of Culture]. Budapest: Institute of History of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2002. ISBN 963 9312 815.
  • Benkő, Loránd (editor-in-chief) (1992-1994): Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Ungarischen. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Vol. I–II. 1992, Vol. III. 1993, Vol. IV. 1994.
  • E. Abaffy, Erzsébet (1992): Az igemód- és igeidőrendszer [The systems of the grammatical mood and tense]. In: TNyt. Vol. II, No. 1, pp. 120–183
  • Kiss, Jenő and Szűts, László (1991, ed.): Tanumányok a magyar nyelvtudomány történetének témaköréből [Studies from the topic of the history of the Hungarian linguistics], Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
  • Kiss, Jenő (2001): Magyar dialektológia [Hungarian Dialectology]. Osiris, Budapest, ISBN 9789633798799

Notes

  1. Kiss, Jenő and Pusztai, Ferenc (2003, ed.): Magyar Nyelvtörténet [Hungarian Language History], Budapest: Osiris Kiadó