Difference between revisions of "Marquis de Sade"

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[[Image:115523-004-FA619CA3.jpg|thumb|right|251px| The perverse and cruel atheist Marquis de Sade in prison, 18th century line engraving.]]
 
[[Image:115523-004-FA619CA3.jpg|thumb|right|251px| The perverse and cruel atheist Marquis de Sade in prison, 18th century line engraving.]]
 
Donatien Alphonse François, '''Marquis de Sade''' (1740-1814) was an infamous French [[aristocrat]] and [[author]] of heavily [[philosophy|philosophical]] [[pornography]], as well as more traditional [[essays]] on [[philosophy]].  
 
Donatien Alphonse François, '''Marquis de Sade''' (1740-1814) was an infamous French [[aristocrat]] and [[author]] of heavily [[philosophy|philosophical]] [[pornography]], as well as more traditional [[essays]] on [[philosophy]].  
[[Sadism]], a [[paraphilia]] in which pleasure is derived from inflicting pain or seeing pain being inflicted on others, is named after him. The debauched lifestyle of the Marquis de Sade caused him to have periods of imprisonment. <ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A676190</ref> Marquis de Sade was an [[atheism|atheist]]. <ref>http://www.trivia-library.com/a/biography-of-famous-atheist-marquis-de-sade.htm</ref>
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[[Sadism]], a [[paraphilia]] in which pleasure is derived from inflicting pain or seeing pain being inflicted on others, is named after him. The debauched lifestyle of the Marquis de Sade caused him to have periods of imprisonment.<ref>http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A676190</ref> Marquis de Sade was an [[atheism|atheist]].<ref>http://www.trivia-library.com/a/biography-of-famous-atheist-marquis-de-sade.htm</ref>
  
His books featured [[murder]], [[torture]], [[blasphemy]] and grotesque, [[violent]], and ritualistic sex.  His more major works remain banned in many countries to the present day, even though some of them have been highly influential; ''Juliet'', a book released early in his career, has been imitated right up until the present, most recently by radical [[feminism|feminist]] [[Andrea Dworkin]].
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His books featured [[murder]], [[torture]], [[blasphemy]] and grotesque, [[violent]], and ritualistic sex.  His more major works remain banned in many countries to the present day, even though some of them have been highly influential; ''Juliet'', a book released early in his career, has been imitated right up until the present, most recently by radical [[feminism|feminist]] [[Andrea Dworkin]] (who viewed de Sade as representative of all men<ref>http://www.boston.com/news/globe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2005/04/18/the_misdirected_passion_of_andrea_dworkin/</ref>). In addition, [[Michel Foucault]] was also heavily influenced by his writings, although he would later admit that he felt "[Sade] didn't go far enough."<ref>http://www.newcriterion.com/articles.cfm/The-perversions-of-M--Foucault-4714</ref>  A very common theme throughout his writings was his focus on Virtue ethics, especially the rejoicing of vice conquering virtue, the idea that giving into vice is preferable, and the prosperity of the vicious over the suffering of the virtuous.  To this end, he greatly enjoyed the concept of corrupting and/or ruining prominent members of the Catholic Church through vice.  Sacrilege against Christianity in particular was a major theme in his writings.
  
''The 120 Days of Sodom'', perhaps his most notorious book, was written by the Marquis whilst imprisoned in the [[Bastille]], where he witnessed daily executions from his window during the [[Reign of Terror]]. This book was adapted by controversial director Pier Paolo Pasolini in that director's final and most radically offensive film.<ref>http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0073650/</ref> The last years of the Marquis' life were spent in an [[insanity|insane]] asylum, though the reasons for this vary depending on the source. His years in the asylum have been dramatised in the critically-acclaimed play (and later film) ''Marat/Sade'',<ref>http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0180073/</ref> as well as in the dramatic film ''Quills''.<ref>http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0180073/</ref>
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The ''Journal of Medical Ethics'' declared concerning the [[atheism|atheist]] and [[sadism|sadist]] Marquis de Sade:
 +
{{cquote|In 1795 the Marquis de Sade published his ''La Philosophie dans le boudoir'', in which he proposed the use of induced abortion for social reasons and as a means of population control. It is from this time that medical and social acceptance of abortion can be dated, although previously the subject had not been discussed in public in modern times. It is suggested that it was largely due to de Sade's writing that induced abortion received the impetus which resulted in its subsequent spread in western society.<ref>http://jme.bmj.com/content/6/1/7.abstract</ref>}}
  
His work was largely banned in the [[USA]] until the relaxation of obscenity laws in the 1950s and 1960s.  
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During a portion of his life, the Marquis de Sade had problems maintaining his weight, and he was grotesquely [[obesity|obese]].<ref>http://www.neilschaeffer.com/sade/bibliography/quills.htm</ref> 
  
== Controversy and Revisionism ==
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== 120 Days of Sodom ==
  
The Marquis De Sade has been treated with scorn in the two centuries following his death. Considered both a woman hating pioneer of the "art of smut", as well as the "original proponent of sexual sadism"<ref>John Philips, The Marquis De Sade : A Short Introduction, Oxford University Press, Oxford,2003,ix</ref>, the Marquid De Sade has laregly suffered from a construction of his person into an adjunct of popular mythology.
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''The 120 Days of Sodom'' was one of his most notorious books. He wrote it over a thiry-seven day period in 1785 while he was imprisoned in the Bastille. He described this book as  "the most impure tale that has ever been written since the world exists", which may very well be true to the present day. He died believing that this book was lost to the ages- unfortunately, a direct descendant found it in the mid-20th century, despite the attempts of his immediate relatives trying to destroy everything he wrote that remained unpublished immediately after his death. Elements of his book were likewise utilized for the victims of the Guillotine by Joseph Lebon, one of the Jacobins, where he and his wife had the decapitated corpses unclothed and placed in obscene positions mirroring that of the batteries nationales.<ref>[http://www.culturewars.com/CultureWars/Archives/Fidelity_archives/parricide.html Operation Parricide]</ref> This book was adapted by controversial director Pier Paolo Pasolini in that director's final and most radically offensive film.<ref>http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0073650/</ref> The last years of the Marquis' life were spent in an [[insanity|insane]] asylum, though the reasons for this vary depending on the source. His years in the asylum have been dramatised in the critically-acclaimed play (and later film) ''Marat/Sade'',<ref>http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0180073/</ref> as well as in the dramatic film ''Quills''.<ref>http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0180073/</ref>
Popularly constructed to be "as sadistic as his monstrous fictional villains"<ref>John Philips,pp ix</ref>, Sade;s "thought" is much more complex and thoughfully expressed in the actual literature he produced. Many of the Marquis De Sade's modern detractors have yet to read his actual work.
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Sade's simplsitic label derives from his body of works which include four sexually violent novels. Sade was anti-church and anti-state, a "life-ling rebel"<ref>Philips,pp X</ref>. Most of Sade's work was neither obscene nor extreme. "The sheer breadth and intellectual complexity of Sade's creative output encompasses the whole range of human experience, from sexuality to morality, from politics to religion, from metaphysics to aesthetics, from literature to life and death. Standing at the end of the classical era and the beginning of the modern age, Sade is, for Michel Foucault<ref>Philips,ppxi cf.1</ref>, a pivotal figure in the history of philosophy.<ref>Philips pp.xi</ref>"
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His work was largely banned in the [[USA]] until the relaxation of obscenity laws in the 1950s and 1960s.
  
Sade was the only French philosopher inheriting the era of the englighenment to see the full circle of the French revolution. Sade commented on events as they happened, proving his reputation as "a writer of astonishing energy and remarkable courage<ref>Philips,ppxii</ref>" several times over. Sade's unrelenting honesty was a hallmark of his writing, and it cost him his freedom, and eventually his life in the end. "Were it not for his explicit use of language and complete disregard for the artificially constructed taboos of a religious morality he despised, the novelty and profundity of Sade’s thought, and, above all, its fundamental modernity, would have long since secured him a place alongside the greatest authors and thinkers of the European Enlightenment.<ref>Philips, pp. xiii</ref>"
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== Marquis de Sade advocated a law that every citizen would have a right of free access to the body of every other citizen ==
  
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''See also:'' [[Atheism and rape]]
  
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The American sociologist [[Peter L. Berger]] wrote concerning the Marquis de Sade:
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{{Cquote|The infamous Marquis de Sade was residing in a lunatic asylum when he penned his last work, a tract entitled “One More Effort and You will be True Republicans”.<ref>http://www.slideshare.net/crift1/marquis-de-sadephilosophyinthebedroom</ref> That effort was for a law that every citizen would have a right of free access to the body of every other citizen.<ref>[http://www.the-american-interest.com/2016/04/27/have-secularists-won-the-culture-war/ Have Secularists Won the Culture War?] by [[Peter Berger]]</ref>}}
  
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== Marquis de Sade on cannibalism ==
  
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''See also:'' [[Atheism and cannibalism]]
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The Intercollegiate Studies Institute's website ''First Principles 1st Web Journal'' declares:
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{{cquote|If there is no God, no hell, no right and wrong, no moral responsibility, no meaning or significance beyond your pleasure, then existence is meaningless. Nothing you do matters, others do not matter, and what you do with them—and to them—does not matter. Nihilism liberates. For the Sadean egotist, then, everything is permitted. Sade incessantly rationalized the most depraved and libertine sexuality, and every crime including cannibalism and murder.<ref>[http://www.firstprinciplesjournal.com/articles.aspx?article=520 Dostoevsky vs. Marquis de Sade] by John Attarian (MA 46:4, Fall 2004) - 08/01/08</ref>}}
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== Marquis de Sade quote ==
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"Imperious, choleric, irascible, extreme in everything, with a dissolute imagination the like of which has never been seen, atheistic to the point of fanaticism, there you have me in a nutshell, and kill me again or take me as I am, for I shall not change.” - Marquis de Sade<ref>[http://thinkexist.com/quotation/imperious-choleric-irascible-extreme_in/346903.html Marquis de Sade quotes]</ref>
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"The name of God shall never be uttered save when accompanied by invectives or imprecations, and thus qualified it shall be repeated as often as possible." -Marquis de Sade, in ''The 120 Days of Sodom''
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== See also ==
 +
 
 +
*[[Atheism and sadism]]
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*[[Atheism and obesity]]
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*[[PZ Myers and abortion]]
  
 
===References===
 
===References===

Revision as of 13:54, October 19, 2016

The perverse and cruel atheist Marquis de Sade in prison, 18th century line engraving.

Donatien Alphonse François, Marquis de Sade (1740-1814) was an infamous French aristocrat and author of heavily philosophical pornography, as well as more traditional essays on philosophy. Sadism, a paraphilia in which pleasure is derived from inflicting pain or seeing pain being inflicted on others, is named after him. The debauched lifestyle of the Marquis de Sade caused him to have periods of imprisonment.[1] Marquis de Sade was an atheist.[2]

His books featured murder, torture, blasphemy and grotesque, violent, and ritualistic sex. His more major works remain banned in many countries to the present day, even though some of them have been highly influential; Juliet, a book released early in his career, has been imitated right up until the present, most recently by radical feminist Andrea Dworkin (who viewed de Sade as representative of all men[3]). In addition, Michel Foucault was also heavily influenced by his writings, although he would later admit that he felt "[Sade] didn't go far enough."[4] A very common theme throughout his writings was his focus on Virtue ethics, especially the rejoicing of vice conquering virtue, the idea that giving into vice is preferable, and the prosperity of the vicious over the suffering of the virtuous. To this end, he greatly enjoyed the concept of corrupting and/or ruining prominent members of the Catholic Church through vice. Sacrilege against Christianity in particular was a major theme in his writings.

The Journal of Medical Ethics declared concerning the atheist and sadist Marquis de Sade:

In 1795 the Marquis de Sade published his La Philosophie dans le boudoir, in which he proposed the use of induced abortion for social reasons and as a means of population control. It is from this time that medical and social acceptance of abortion can be dated, although previously the subject had not been discussed in public in modern times. It is suggested that it was largely due to de Sade's writing that induced abortion received the impetus which resulted in its subsequent spread in western society.[5]

During a portion of his life, the Marquis de Sade had problems maintaining his weight, and he was grotesquely obese.[6]

120 Days of Sodom

The 120 Days of Sodom was one of his most notorious books. He wrote it over a thiry-seven day period in 1785 while he was imprisoned in the Bastille. He described this book as "the most impure tale that has ever been written since the world exists", which may very well be true to the present day. He died believing that this book was lost to the ages- unfortunately, a direct descendant found it in the mid-20th century, despite the attempts of his immediate relatives trying to destroy everything he wrote that remained unpublished immediately after his death. Elements of his book were likewise utilized for the victims of the Guillotine by Joseph Lebon, one of the Jacobins, where he and his wife had the decapitated corpses unclothed and placed in obscene positions mirroring that of the batteries nationales.[7] This book was adapted by controversial director Pier Paolo Pasolini in that director's final and most radically offensive film.[8] The last years of the Marquis' life were spent in an insane asylum, though the reasons for this vary depending on the source. His years in the asylum have been dramatised in the critically-acclaimed play (and later film) Marat/Sade,[9] as well as in the dramatic film Quills.[10]

His work was largely banned in the USA until the relaxation of obscenity laws in the 1950s and 1960s.

Marquis de Sade advocated a law that every citizen would have a right of free access to the body of every other citizen

See also: Atheism and rape

The American sociologist Peter L. Berger wrote concerning the Marquis de Sade:

The infamous Marquis de Sade was residing in a lunatic asylum when he penned his last work, a tract entitled “One More Effort and You will be True Republicans”.[11] That effort was for a law that every citizen would have a right of free access to the body of every other citizen.[12]

Marquis de Sade on cannibalism

See also: Atheism and cannibalism

The Intercollegiate Studies Institute's website First Principles 1st Web Journal declares:

If there is no God, no hell, no right and wrong, no moral responsibility, no meaning or significance beyond your pleasure, then existence is meaningless. Nothing you do matters, others do not matter, and what you do with them—and to them—does not matter. Nihilism liberates. For the Sadean egotist, then, everything is permitted. Sade incessantly rationalized the most depraved and libertine sexuality, and every crime including cannibalism and murder.[13]

Marquis de Sade quote

"Imperious, choleric, irascible, extreme in everything, with a dissolute imagination the like of which has never been seen, atheistic to the point of fanaticism, there you have me in a nutshell, and kill me again or take me as I am, for I shall not change.” - Marquis de Sade[14]

"The name of God shall never be uttered save when accompanied by invectives or imprecations, and thus qualified it shall be repeated as often as possible." -Marquis de Sade, in The 120 Days of Sodom

See also

References