Granholm v. Heald

In Granholm v. Heald, 544 U.S. 460 (2005), a 5-4 U.S. Supreme Court invalidated state limitations on direct shipments of wine by out-of-state wineries. The case was presented on the issue of application of the dormant Commerce Clause, but decided on the principle against discrimination by states against out-of-state companies. The Court based its decision on the Commerce Clause doctrine that prohibits "differential treatment of in-state and out-of-state economic interests that benefits the former and burdens the latter."

Justice Anthony Kennedy wrote the opinion for the Court. Justice Clarence Thomas wrote the dissent, joined by Chief Justice William Rehnquist and Justices John Paul Stevens and Sandra Day O'Connor. Justice Antonin Scalia surprisingly joined the majority to provide the margin of difference.