Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Consumption (disease)

2007-04-27T14:03:55Z

Dorpfeld: New page: Consumption is an alternative name for the once common disease tuberculosis, or TB.

Consumption is an alternative name for the once common disease [[tuberculosis]], or TB.

Stilton

2007-04-27T10:26:19Z

Dorpfeld: New page: Stilton is a type of very hard, white, crumbly cheese. It is produced in Melchester and other areas of the East Midlands.

Stilton is a type of very hard, white, crumbly cheese. It is produced in [[Melchester]] and other areas of the [[East Midlands]].

Birmingham

2007-04-27T10:20:17Z

Dorpfeld:

'''Birmingham''' is a large city in central [[England]], with about one million inhabitants of the city itself and about 3 million in the metropolitan area. It is the second largest city in the [[United Kingdom]] after [[London]]. Birmingham has more miles of canal than Venice, and more trees per head of population that any other city in [[Europe]]. It was the birthplace of the industrial revolution and the home of the [[Lunar Society]]. The city has a distinctive local dialect known as 'Brummie' which is thought by linguists to be similar to how [[William Shakespeare]] spoke, as Stratford-on-Avon is very close to Birmingham. The people of Birmingham are called 'Brummies'. It also has its own local cuisine, a curry dish known as a 'balti'. Many other cities and towns around the world have been proud to name themselves after Birmingham (not to mention a crater on the moon). The largest of these namesakes is situated in [[Alabama]], [[USA]].

Neighbouring towns to Birmingham, which all form part of its conurbation, include [[Solihull]], [[Wolverhampton]], [[Dudley]], [[West Bromwich]], and [[Sandwell]].

==Famous Brummies==

*[[Ozzy Osbourne]] (rock musician)
*[[Neville Chamberlain]] (prime minister)
*[[J.R.R. Tolkien]] (writer)
*[[Bill Oddie]] (naturalist)

[[Category:UK Towns and Cities]]

Birmingham

2007-04-27T10:19:11Z

Dorpfeld:

'''Birmingham''' is a large city in central [[England]], with about one million inhabitants of the city itself and about 3 million in the metropolitan area. It is the second largest city in the [[United Kingdom]] after [[London]]. Birmingham has more miles of canal than Venice, and more trees per head of population that any other city in [[Europe]]. It was the birthplace of the industrial revolution and the home of the [[Lunar Society]]. The city has a distinctive local dialect known as 'Brummie' which is thought by linguists to be similar to how [[William Shakespeare]] spoke, as Stratford-on-Avon is very close to Birmingham. The people of Birmingham are called 'Brummies'. It also has its own local cuisine, a curry dish known as a 'balti'. Many other cities and towns around the world have been proud to name themselves after Birmingham (not to mention a crater on the moon). The largest of these namesakes is situated in [[Alabama]], [[USA]].

==Famous Brummies==

*[[Ozzy Osbourne]] (rock musician)
*[[Neville Chamberlain]] (prime minister)
*[[J.R.R. Tolkien]] (writer)

Neighbouring towns to Birmingham, which all form part of its conurbation, include [[Solihull]], [[Wolverhampton]], [[Dudley]], [[West Bromwich]], and [[Sandwell]].

[[Category:UK Towns and Cities]]

Sir Denis Thatcher

2007-04-27T09:58:19Z

Dorpfeld:

Major Sir Denis, Baronet Thatcher (born 1915 [[Melchester]], died 2003 [[London]]) was a British businessman and husband of [[Margaret Thatcher]]. Never one to hog the limelight in the face of his far more famous and poperful wife, he was often satirised (on the puppet show [[Spitting Image]], for example), as being a bit too fond of the bottle.

Oswald Mosley

2007-04-27T09:56:09Z

Dorpfeld:

Sir Oswald Ernald Erwin Mosley (born 1896 [[Melchester]], died 1980 [[Paris]]) was a British politician and [[fascist]]. He led the British Union of Fascists during the 1930s and advocated pro-Nazi policies. Interned during the war, he later made two unsuccessful attemps to re-enter parliament. He later settled in Paris near the home of his close friend, the former King [[Edward VIII]]. Despite his pro-Nazi politics, Mosley is widely reported as having described [[Adolf Hitler]], to his face, as a jumped up little corporal. He was on much closer terms with [[Joseph Goebbels]].

Sir Denis Thatcher

2007-04-27T09:53:28Z

Dorpfeld: New page: Major Sir Denis, Baronet Thatcher (born 1915 Melchester, died 2003 London) was a British businessman and husband of Margaret Thatcher.

Major Sir Denis, Baronet Thatcher (born 1915 [[Melchester]], died 2003 [[London]]) was a British businessman and husband of [[Margaret Thatcher]].

Oswald Mosley

2007-04-27T09:47:39Z

Dorpfeld: New page: Sir Oswald Ernald Erwin Mosley (born 1896 Melchester, died 1980 Paris) was a British politician and fascist. He led the British Union of Fascists during the 1930s and advocated...

Vale of the White Horse

2007-04-26T13:40:28Z

Dorpfeld:

The Vale of the White Horse, named after the [[White Horse of Uffingham]], is an area on the borders of [[Berkshire]] and [[Oxfordshire]]. The dispute over this area between the two counties has been rumbling ever since the partition of [[Mercia]] by the [[Vikings]] in the 9th century, and during the [[English Civil War]] in the 17th century the Royalist forces of the county of Oxfordshire seized the area from the Parliamentarian forces of Berkshire. With the beheading of [[Charles I]] the area was returned to Berkshire, but border disputes continued to flair up until eventually in 1974 the government transfered the area to Oxfordshire.

Vale of the White Horse

2007-04-26T13:39:32Z

Dorpfeld:

The Vale of the White Horse, named after the [[White Horse of Uffingham]], is an area on the borders of [[Berkshire]] and [[Oxfordshire]]. The dispute has been rumbling ever since the partition of [[Mercia]] by the [[Vikings]] in the 9th century, and during the [[English Civil War]] in the 17th century the Royalist forces of the county of Oxfordshire seized the area from the Parliamentarian forces of Berkshire. With the beheading of [[Charles I]] the area was returned to Berkshire, but border disputes continued to flair up until eventually in 1974 the government transfered the area to Oxfordshire.

Vale of the White Horse

2007-04-26T13:38:30Z

Dorpfeld: New page: The Vale of the White Horse, named after the White Horse of Uffington, is an area on the borders of Berkshire and Oxfordshire. The dispute has been rumbling ever since the part...

The Vale of the White Horse, named after the [[White Horse of Uffington]], is an area on the borders of [[Berkshire]] and [[Oxfordshire]]. The dispute has been rumbling ever since the partition of [[Mercia]] by the [[Vikings]] in the 9th century, and during the [[English Civil War]] in the 17th century the Royalist forces of the county of Oxfordshire seized the area from the Parliamentarian forces of Berkshire. With the beheading of [[Charles I]] the area was returned to Berkshire, but border disputes continued to flair up until eventually in 1974 the government transfered the area to Oxfordshire.

Doner kebab

2007-04-26T13:23:44Z

Dorpfeld:

A doner kebab is an item of Graeco-Turkish cuisine that has become popular in the [[United Kingdom]]. It consists of a pitta bread containing slices of cabbage and tomatoes, and the reconstituted meat of a lamb (or other local animals) very slowly roasted on a lukewarm vertical revolving spit over many days.

Doner kebab

2007-04-26T13:22:56Z

Dorpfeld: New page: A doner kebab is an item of Graeco-Turkish cuisine that has become popular in the United Kingdom. It consists of a pitta bread containing slices of cabbage and tomatoes, and the recons...

A doner kebab is an item of Graeco-Turkish cuisine that has become popular in the [[United Kingdom]]. It consists of a pitta bread containing slices of cabbage and tomatoes, and the reconstituted meat of a lamb very slowly roasted on a lukewarm vertical revolving spit over many days.

Lard

2007-04-26T13:09:50Z

Dorpfeld: New page: Lard is the fat of a pig, or other animal such as a bull, melted and strained from the tissue whilst cooking. Traditional British delicacies made from lard include lard soup, and lardy cak...

Lard is the fat of a pig, or other animal such as a bull, melted and strained from the tissue whilst cooking. Traditional British delicacies made from lard include lard soup, and lardy cakes.

Redditch

2007-04-26T12:46:58Z

Dorpfeld: New page: Redditch, named after the local "red ditch", or medieval plague pit, is a picturesque market town located just to the south of Birmingham, in the county of Worcestershire. The popu...

Redditch, named after the local "red ditch", or medieval plague pit, is a picturesque market town located just to the south of [[Birmingham]], in the county of [[Worcestershire]]. The popular TV presenter [[Kevin Turvey]] is a native of Redditch.

Tiddlywinks

2007-04-26T10:52:19Z

Dorpfeld: New page: Tiddlywinks is a popular sport in the United Kingdom, traditionally played with small, round, flat, coin-sized plastic discs in various colours. Gameplay consists of flicking one disc,...

Tiddlywinks is a popular sport in the [[United Kingdom]], traditionally played with small, round, flat, coin-sized plastic discs in various colours. Gameplay consists of flicking one disc, by means of another, across the pitch, or "table" - each player taking it in turns until one reaches the other side and is declared the winner. National championships are held every year in [[Stow-on-the-Wold]], [[Gloucestershire]].

Talk:Chip shop

2007-04-26T07:34:09Z

Dorpfeld:

How can you not mention the fact that in renowned glaswegian chippies they offer such delicacies as battered pizza, battered mars bars and battered ice cream?--[[User:CatWatcher|CatWatcher]] 03:24, 26 April 2007 (EDT)
see http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/12/1227_041227_deep_fried_mars_bars.html

[[Image:300px-Deep-fried mars bars.JPG | thumb | left]] Now doesn't that look delicious?
:Yes it does. Can you add the picture to the article? [[User:Dorpfeld|Dorpfeld]] 03:34, 26 April 2007 (EDT)
:Good point. We could have sections on the various differences in regional and national cuisine served in these establishments. [[User:Dorpfeld|Dorpfeld]] 03:27, 26 April 2007 (EDT)

Talk:Chip shop

2007-04-26T07:27:14Z

Dorpfeld:

How can you not mention the fact that in renowned glaswegian chippies they offer such delicacies as battered pizza, battered mars bars and battered ice cream?--[[User:CatWatcher|CatWatcher]] 03:24, 26 April 2007 (EDT)

:Good point. We could have sections on the various differences in regional and national cuisine served in these establishments. [[User:Dorpfeld|Dorpfeld]] 03:27, 26 April 2007 (EDT)

Real ale

2007-04-26T07:18:09Z

Dorpfeld: New page: Real ale is the name given to a type of alcoholic beverage that is supposedly tastier than the sort normally served in pubs, and is usually a lot stronger as well. It is usually market...

Real ale is the name given to a type of alcoholic beverage that is supposedly tastier than the sort normally served in [[pubs]], and is usually a lot stronger as well. It is usually marketed under self-counsciously twee labels such as Scruttock's Old Pecular.

Sandwell

2007-04-26T07:11:30Z

Dorpfeld: New page: Sandwell is a town near Birmingham, England. It was named after the medieval monastery of which only ruins now survive.

Sandwell is a town near [[Birmingham]], [[England]]. It was named after the medieval monastery of which only ruins now survive.

Dudley

2007-04-26T07:07:00Z

Dorpfeld: New page: Dudley is a city near Birmingham, England. Home of real ale and the oldest chip shop in the UK.

Dudley is a city near [[Birmingham]], [[England]]. Home of [[real ale]] and the oldest [[chip shop]] in the UK.

Solihull

2007-04-26T07:02:37Z

Dorpfeld: New page: Solihull is an industrial town near Birmingham, England. It is probably most famous for being the location of the National Exhibition Centre, and Elmdon International Airport. It a...

Solihull is an industrial town near [[Birmingham]], [[England]]. It is probably most famous for being the location of the National Exhibition Centre, and Elmdon International Airport. It also contains the picturesque village of Chelmsley Wood.

Birmingham

2007-04-26T06:59:04Z

Dorpfeld:

'''Birmingham''' is a large city in central [[England]], with about one million inhabitants of the city itself and about 3 million in the metropolitan area. It is the second largest city in the UK after [[London]]. Birmingham has more miles of canal than Venice, and more trees per head of population that any other city in Europe. It was the birthplace of the industrial revolution and the home of the [[Lunar Society]]. In more recent times it was home to J.R.R. Tolkien, author of [[Lord of the Rings]]. The city has a distinctive local dialect known as 'Brummie' which is thought by linguists to be similar to how [[William Shakespeare]] spoke, as Stratford-on-Avon is very close to Birmingham. The city is the original home of rock singer [[Ozzy Osbourne]] and many other musicians. It also has its own local cuisine, a curry dish known as a 'balti'. Many other cities and towns around the world have been proud to name themselves after Birmingham (not to mention a crater on the moon). The largest of these namesakes is situated in Alabama, USA.

Neighbouring towns to Birmingham, which all form part of its conurbation, include [[Solihull]], [[Wolverhampton]], [[Dudley]], [[West Bromwich]], and [[Sandwell]].

[[Category:UK Towns and Cities]]

Prince of Wales

2007-04-25T13:24:22Z

Dorpfeld: New page: Prince of Wales is the title given to the heir to the British throne, have been insituted by King Edward I for his son, the future Edward II in the 13th century. These days the off...

Prince of Wales is the title given to the heir to the British throne, have been insituted by King [[Edward I]] for his son, the future [[Edward II]] in the 13th century. These days the office has no administrative function, and is purely honorific. The name "Wales" is often used by the Prince of Wales and his family as a surname. The wife of the Prince of Wales is the Princess of Wales, most recently held by [[Princes Diana]]. When Prince Charles married for a second time, his new wife Camilla deliberately did not assume the title Princess of Wales, but chose instead Duchess of Cornwall, as Duke of Cornwall is one of Prince Charles's lesser titles.

King Edward VIII

2007-04-25T13:17:15Z

Dorpfeld:

King '''Edward VIII''' of [[The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland]] [[abdicated]] in [[1936]], giving up his position as head of the [[British Empire]] in order to marry an [[American]] [[divorcee]], [[Wallis Simpson]].

In a tearful radio broadcast before his marriage to Wallis, King Edward VIII referred to her as "the woman I love".

It has been widely suspected ever since that Edward VIII was actually a [[Nazi]] sympathiser, and that this was the real reason why he was hounded out of office. Certainly he made a number of widely publicised visits to Nazi Germany after his abdication, and photographs exist of him shaking hands with [[Adolf Hitler]]. There are even reports that the Nazis, if their attempted conquest of Britain had been successful, were planning to restore him to the throne as a puppet. To remove him from Europe, [[Winston Churchill]] appointed him Governor of the [[Bahamas]]. After the war the Duke of Windsor, as he was now known, returned to Paris with his wife and eventually died in 1972, forsaken by all his relatives. Wallis, the Duchess of Windsor, survived until 1986.

[[Category:UK Monarchs]]

Prince Charles

2007-04-25T13:06:48Z

Dorpfeld: New page: Prince Charles, eldest son of Queen Elizabeth II, is the next in line to the British throne, and is currectly Prince of Wales. When he accedes to the throne he would, in theory, be...

Prince Charles, eldest son of Queen [[Elizabeth II]], is the next in line to the British throne, and is currectly [[Prince of Wales]]. When he accedes to the throne he would, in theory, be Charles III, but he has indicated that he may adopt the name George VII instead. The most recent two British kings, [[Edward VIII]] and [[George VI]] likewise adopted names that were not their first names, which were David and Albert respectively. Upon the accession of Elizabeth II it was widely assumed that she would adopt the name Mary III, but she surprised commentators by insisting on using her real first name.

Flower of Scotland

2007-04-23T10:48:06Z

Dorpfeld:

Flower of Scotland is widely regarded as Scotland's unofficial national anthem. This is highly unusual, as it is not a traditional song at all, but was actually written in 1970 by Roy Williamson of the folk band, The Corries. It was later adopted as the official anthem of the Scottish rugby and football teams. The song speaks of the defeat of King [[Edward II]] of England by the Scottish forces under [[Robert the Bruce]] at the [[Battle of Bannockburn]] in 1314. Like England, Scotland has no official national anthem, but this may change in the near future as the Scottish Parliament is considering declaring Flower of Scotland as the official national anthem.

==Lyrics==

:O flower of Scotland 
:When will we see your like again 
:That fought and died for 
:Your wee bit hill and glen 
:And stood against him 
:Proud Edward's army 
:And sent him homeward 
:Tae think again 

:The hills are bare now 
:And autumn leaves lie thick and still 
:O'er land that is lost now 
:Which those so dearly held 
:And stood against him 
:Proud Edward's army 
:And sent him homeward 
:Tae think again 

:Those days are passed now 
:And in the past they must remain 
:But we can still rise now 
:And be the nation again 
:That stood against him 
:Proud Edward's army 
:And sent him homeward 
:Tae think again

Milton Keynes

2007-04-23T10:41:26Z

Dorpfeld:

Milton Keynes (1883-1961) was a British economist who worked with Lord Beveridge on his landmark report on social service and also advised Chancellor of the Exchequer Sir Stafford Crisp, modifying the latters extreme socialist views, in the 1945-51 Atlee government. In the 1951 dissolution honours he became Lord Keynes of Wolverton.

The 1960s new town in [[Buckinghamshire]] is named after him. The town is famous for its use of concrete, its confusing road system, and its apparent abandonment of all aesthetic considerations in its planning.

Jerusalem (hymn)

2007-04-23T10:35:57Z

Dorpfeld:

Jerusalem (words [[William Blake]] 1804, music [[Charles Parry]] 1916), is a hymn and patriotic song that is consistently voted England's unofficial national anthem. Blake's original poem was set to music by Parry during the First World War. The poem/hymn speaks of a perfect England of the imagination, but one that could exist in reality if only we all worked together. Many of Blake's references are obscure, and almost certainly reflect his mystical philosophy. Scholars have been arguing over their meaning for 200 years.

Jerusalem is also unusual as a patriotic song in that it is named after a foreign city. It is the official anthem of both the [[Conservative Party]] ''and'' the [[Labour Party]], the conservative [[Women's Institute]] and the socialist [[Trades Union]] movement. Since it appeals to those on both the left and the right, it is often regarded as ideally suited as a national anthem. Officially, however, England has no national anthem.

==Lyrics==

:And did those feet in ancient time 
:Walk upon England's mountains green? 
:And was the holy Lamb of God 
:On England's pleasant pastures seen? 

:And did the Countenance Divine 
:Shine forth upon our clouded hills? 
:And was Jerusalem builded here 
:Among these dark Satanic mills? 

:Bring me my bow of burning gold: 
:Bring me my arrows of desire: 
:Bring me my spear: O clouds unfold! 
:Bring me my chariot of fire. 

:I will not cease from mental fight, 
:Nor shall my sword sleep in my hand 
:Till we have built Jerusalem 
:In England's green and pleasant land. 

==Pop culture references==

In the 1980s, the British TV satirical puppet show, [[Spitting Image]], featured a spoof version of this song which ended with the lines:

:Till we have built Jerusalem 
:And made it look like [[Milton Keynes]].

Talk:God Save the Queen

2007-04-20T14:00:14Z

Dorpfeld:

It should also be noted that the tune of 'God Save the Queen' was stolen by some American upstart ( Samuel F. Smith, 1808-1895 I believe), and in doing so subjected her revered and glorious majesty Queen Victoria (God bless her and all who sail in her) to the indignities of Listening to a cheapskate version called "My Country 'tis of thee" sung to HER tune. (The very thought of it makes me shudder)
--[[User:Felix|Felix]] 09:40, 20 April 2007 (EDT) [[http://www.niehs.nih.gov/kids/lyrics/mycountry.htm]]

:And I think the Germans nicked the same tune for their own national anthem, until the current one was adopted in the 1930s (by guess who?). [[User:Dorpfeld|Dorpfeld]] 09:43, 20 April 2007 (EDT)

I do think that there ought to be a reference to this version of [http://www.plyrics.com/lyrics/sexpistols/godsavethequeen.html | God Save the Queen]--[[User:Felix|Felix]] 09:47, 20 April 2007 (EDT)

:Yes, I agree. Do you want to edit the page? [[User:Dorpfeld|Dorpfeld]] 09:51, 20 April 2007 (EDT)

::No I would prefer you to be the one who gets the ban :P --[[User:Felix|Felix]] 09:58, 20 April 2007 (EDT)

:::We could add it as a disgustingly outrageous example of an egregious and unprovoked attack on the establishment. [[User:Dorpfeld|Dorpfeld]] 10:00, 20 April 2007 (EDT)

Talk:God Save the Queen

2007-04-20T13:51:11Z

Dorpfeld:

Talk:God Save the Queen

2007-04-20T13:43:59Z

Dorpfeld:

Talk:God Save the Queen

2007-04-20T13:43:09Z

Dorpfeld:

God Save the Queen

2007-04-20T13:27:07Z

Dorpfeld:

God Save the Queen is the royal anthem of the British monarchy, and almost universally regarded as the national anthem of the [[United Kingdom]] (although it has never been officially declared as such). Words and music are anonymous, though various theories as to authorship exist. The first known performance of the song was at a banquet in London in 1740. Note: when the monarch is a king, words are altered accordingly. The "king" version is, of course, the original. A fourth verse was added after the defeat of the Scottish rebellion of 1745, which spoke of crushing the Scots and such like, but was removed in Victorian times as not being particularly conducive to a harmonious union between England and Scotland. A different fourth verse, called the peace verse, was added at the end of the First World War, but this too was later removed. The song has been widely criticised ever since it appeared for its doggeral, schoolboy lyrics, its crude triumphalism, and its frankly appalling tune. And yet, perhaps almost because of these faults, it has gained wide affection amongst countless millions the world over.

'''God save our gracious Queen'''

'''Long live our noble Queen,'''

'''God save the Queen:'''

'''Send her victorious,'''

'''Happy and glorious,'''

'''Long to reign over us:'''

'''God save the Queen.'''

'''O Lord, our God, arise,'''

'''Scatter thine enemies,'''

'''And make them fall:'''

'''Confound their politics,'''

'''Frustrate their knavish tricks,'''

'''On thee our hopes we fix:'''

'''God save us all.'''

'''Thy choicest gifts in store,'''

'''On her be pleased to pour;'''

'''Long may she reign:'''

'''May she defend our laws,'''

'''And ever give us cause'''

'''To sing with heart and voice'''

'''God save the Queen.'''

God Save the Queen

2007-04-20T13:23:24Z

Dorpfeld: New page: God Save the Queen is the royal anthem of the British monarchy, and almost universally regarded as the national anthem of the United Kingdom (although it has never been officially decl...

God Save the Queen is the royal anthem of the British monarchy, and almost universally regarded as the national anthem of the [[United Kingdom]] (although it has never been officially declared as such). Words and lyrics are anonymous, though various theories as to authorship exist. The first known performance of the song was at a banquet in London in 1740. Note: when the monarch is a king, words are altered accordingly. The "king" version is, of course, the original. A fourth verse was added after the defeat of the Scottish rebellion of 1745, which spoke of crushing the Scots and such like, but was removed in Victorian times as not being particularly conducive to a harmonious union between England and Scotland. A different fourth verse, called the peace verse, was added at the end of the First World War, but this too was later removed. The song has been widely criticised ever since it appeared for its doggeral, schoolboy lyrics, its crude triumphalism, and its frankly appalling tune. And yet, perhaps almost because of these faults, it has gained wide affection amongst countless millions the world over.

'''God save our gracious Queen'''

'''Long live our noble Queen,'''

'''God save the Queen:'''

'''Send her victorious,'''

'''Happy and glorious,'''

'''Long to reign over us:'''

'''God save the Queen.'''

'''O Lord, our God, arise,'''

'''Scatter thine enemies,'''

'''And make them fall:'''

'''Confound their politics,'''

'''Frustrate their knavish tricks,'''

'''On thee our hopes we fix:'''

'''God save us all.'''

'''Thy choicest gifts in store,'''

'''On her be pleased to pour;'''

'''Long may she reign:'''

'''May she defend our laws,'''

'''And ever give us cause'''

'''To sing with heart and voice'''

'''God save the Queen.'''

Flower of Scotland

2007-04-20T12:42:45Z

Dorpfeld:

Flower of Scotland is widely regarded as Scotland's unofficial national anthem. This is highly unusual, as it is not a traditional song at all, but was actually written in 1970 by Roy Williamson of the folk band, The Corries. It was later adopted as the official anthem of the Scottish rugby and football teams. The song speaks of the defeat of King [[Edward II]] of England by the Scottish forces under [[Robert the Bruce]] at the [[Battle of Bannockburn]] in 1314. Like England, Scotland has no official national anthem, but this may change in the near future as the Scottish Parliament is considering declaring Flower of Scotland as the official national anthem.

'''O flower of Scotland'''

'''When will we see your like again'''

'''That fought and died for'''

'''Your wee bit hill and glen'''

'''And stood against him'''

'''Proud Edward's army'''

'''And sent him homeward'''

'''Tae think again'''

'''The hills are bare now'''

'''And autumn leaves lie thick and still'''

'''O'er land that is lost now'''

'''Which those so dearly held'''

'''And stood against him'''

'''Proud Edward's army'''

'''And sent him homeward'''

'''Tae think again'''

'''Those days are passed now'''

'''And in the past they must remain'''

'''But we can still rise now'''

'''And be the nation again'''

'''That stood against him'''

'''Proud Edward's army'''

'''And sent him homeward'''

'''Tae think again'''

Flower of Scotland

2007-04-20T12:42:31Z

Dorpfeld:

Flower of Scotland is widely regarded as Scotland's unofficial national anthem. This is highly unusual, as it is not a traditional song at all, but was actually written in 1970 by Roy Williamson of the folk band, The Corries. It was later adopted as the official anthem of the Scottish rugby and football teams. The song speaks of the defeat of King [[Edward II]] of England by the Scottish forces under [[Robert the Bruce]] at the [[Battle of Bannockburn]] in 1314. Like England, Scotland has no official national anthem, but this may change in the near future as the Scottish Parliament is considering declaring Flower of Scotland as the official national anthem.

'''O flower of Scotland'''

'''When will we see your like again'''

'''That fought and died for'''

'''Your wee bit hill and glen'''

'''And stood against him'''

'''Proud Edward's army'''

'''And sent him homeward'''

'''Tae think again'''

'''The hills are bare now'''

'''And autumn leaves lie thick and still'''

'''O'er land that is lost now'''

'''Which those so dearly held'''

'''And stood against him'''

'''Proud Edward's army'''

'''And sent him homeward'''

'''Tae think again'''

'''Those days are passed now'''

'''And in the past they must remain'''

'''But we can still rise now'''

'''And be the nation again'''

'''That stood against him'''

'''Proud Edward's army'''

'''And sent him homeward'''

'''Tae think again'''

Jerusalem (hymn)

2007-04-20T12:39:20Z

Dorpfeld:

Jerusalem (words [[William Blake]] 1804, music [[Charles Parry]] 1916), is a hymn and patriotic song that is consistently voted England's unofficial national anthem. Blake's original poem was set to music by Parry during the First World War. The poem/hymn speaks of a perfect England of the imagination, but one that could exist in reality if only we all worked together. Many of Blake's references are obscure, and almost certainly reflect his mystical philosophy. Scholars have been arguing over their meaning for 200 years.

Jerusalem is also unusual as a patriotic song in that it is named after a foreign city. It is the official anthem of both the [[Conservative Party]] ''and'' the [[Labour Party]], the conservative [[Women's Institute]] and the socialist [[Trades Union]] movement. Since it appeals to those on both the left and the right, it is often regarded as ideally suited as a national anthem. Officially, however, England has no national anthem.

'''And did those feet in ancient time'''

'''Walk upon England's mountains green?'''

'''And was the holy Lamb of God'''

'''On England's pleasant pastures seen?'''

'''And did the Countenance Divine'''

'''Shine forth upon our clouded hills?'''

'''And was Jerusalem builded here'''

'''Among these dark Satanic mills?'''

'''Bring me my bow of burning gold:'''

'''Bring me my arrows of desire:'''

'''Bring me my spear: O clouds unfold!'''

'''Bring me my chariot of fire.'''

'''I will not cease from mental fight,'''

'''Nor shall my sword sleep in my hand'''

'''Till we have built Jerusalem'''

'''In England's green and pleasant land.'''

Jerusalem (hymn)

2007-04-20T12:36:20Z

Dorpfeld:

Jerusalem (words [[William Blake]] 1804, music [[Charles Parry]] 1916), is a hymn and patriotic song that is consistently voted England's unofficial national anthem. Blake's original poem was set to music by Parry during the First World War. The poem/hymn speaks of a perfect England of the imagination, but one that could exist in reality if only we all worked together. Many of Blake's references are obscure, and almost certainly reflect his mystical philosophy. Scholars have been arguing over their meaning for 200 years.

Jerusalem is also unusual as a patriotic song in that it is named after a foreign city. It is the official anthem of both the [[Conservative Party]] ''and'' the [[Labour Party]], the conservative [[Women's Institute]] and the socialist [[Trades Union]] movement. Since it appeals to those on both the left and the right, it is often regarded as ideally suited as a national anthem. Officially, however, England has no national anthem.

And did those feet in ancient time

Walk upon England's mountains green?

And was the holy Lamb of God

On England's pleasant pastures seen?

And did the Countenance Divine

Shine forth upon our clouded hills?

And was Jerusalem builded here

Among these dark Satanic mills?

Bring me my bow of burning gold:

Bring me my arrows of desire:

Bring me my spear: O clouds unfold!

Bring me my chariot of fire.

I will not cease from mental fight,

Nor shall my sword sleep in my hand

Till we have built Jerusalem

In England's green and pleasant land.

Jerusalem (hymn)

2007-04-20T12:36:05Z

Dorpfeld:

Jerusalem (words [[William Blake]] 1804, music [[Charles Parry]] 1916), is a hymn and patriotic song that is consistently voted England's unofficial national anthem. Blake's original poem was set to music by Parry during the First World War. The poem/hymn speaks of a perfect England of the imagination, but one that could exist in reality if only we all worked together. Many of Blake's references are obscure, and almost certainly reflect his mystical philosophy. Scholars have been arguing over their meaning for 200 years.

Jerusalem is also unusual as a patriotic song in that it is named after a foreign city. It is the official anthem of both the [[Conservative Party]] ''and'' the [[Labour Party]], the conservative [[Women's Institute]] and the socialist [[Trades Union]] movement. Since it appeals to those on both the left and the right, it is often regarded as ideally suited as a national anthem. Officially, however, England has no national anthem.

And did those feet in ancient time

Walk upon England's mountains green?

And was the holy Lamb of God

On England's pleasant pastures seen?

And did the Countenance Divine

Shine forth upon our clouded hills?

And was Jerusalem builded here

Among these dark Satanic mills?

Bring me my bow of burning gold:

Bring me my arrows of desire:

Bring me my spear: O clouds unfold!

Bring me my chariot of fire.

I will not cease from mental fight,

Nor shall my sword sleep in my hand

Till we have built Jerusalem

In England's green and pleasant land.

Flower of Scotland

2007-04-20T12:30:20Z

Dorpfeld: New page: Flower of Scotland is widely regarded as Scotland's unofficial national anthem. This is highly unusual, as it is not a traditional song at all, but was actually written in 1970 by Roy Will...

Flower of Scotland is widely regarded as Scotland's unofficial national anthem. This is highly unusual, as it is not a traditional song at all, but was actually written in 1970 by Roy Williamson of the folk band, The Corries. It was later adopted as the official anthem of the Scottish rugby and football teams. The song speaks of the defeat of King [[Edward II]] of England by the Scottish forces under [[Robert the Bruce]] at the [[Battle of Bannockburn]] in 1314. Like England, Scotland has no official national anthem, but this may change in the near future as the Scottish Parliament is considering declaring Flower of Scotland as the official national anthem.

O flower of Scotland

When will we see your like again

That fought and died for

Your wee bit hill and glen

And stood against him

Proud Edward's army

And sent him homeward

Tae think again

The hills are bare now

And autumn leaves lie thick and still

O'er land that is lost now

Which those so dearly held

And stood against him

Proud Edward's army

And sent him homeward

Tae think again

Those days are passed now

And in the past they must remain

But we can still rise now

And be the nation again

That stood against him

Proud Edward's army

And sent him homeward

Tae think again

Absolute monarchy

2007-04-20T10:47:58Z

Dorpfeld: New page: An absolute monarchy is a country that is ruled by a hereditary monarch, with little or no democratic or other forms of limitation to his powers. Quite rare in the modern world, examples i...

An absolute monarchy is a country that is ruled by a hereditary monarch, with little or no democratic or other forms of limitation to his powers. Quite rare in the modern world, examples include [[Nepal]], [[Saudi Arabia]] and, until recently, [[Kuwait]].

Contrary to popular opinion, absolute monarchies were never the norm in [[Medieval]] Europe, where some form of representative bodies always tended to exist. What happened was that ''after'' the end of the medieval period, some monarchies sought to increase their power, the prime example being France, which had indeed become an absolute monarchy by the 17th century. Great Britain, on the other hand, went in totally the opposite direction, and the monarchs were gradually stripped of their powers until very few remain today (notable reserve powers of the British monarch include the right to declare war and conclude peace, but even these tend to be exercised only under advise these days).

The [[Roman Empire]], though it started out as a democracy, evolved into an absolute military dictatorship. Whether it was ever a hereditary monarchy, however, is debatable at best. While certain families did manage to found dynasties that lasted for two or three generations, the vast majority of emperors either came to power by a military coup, or in a few cases were appointed on merit by their predecessor.

Head of government

2007-04-20T10:35:28Z

Dorpfeld:

The head of government is the person who leads the government of a country. There are two major systems in existence in the world: the prime ministerial system, developed in the UK, and the presidential system, developed in the USA. Most other countries in the world have adopted one or other of these.

In a prime ministerial system, the prime minister is ''always'' a member of the legislature, and is never the [[head of state]]. In a presidential system, the president is ''never'' a member of the legislature, and is always the [[head of state]]. Confusingly, however, many countries with a prime ministerial system often have a head of state who is also called a "president", but without executive power. Other prime ministerial countries have a hereditary monarch as head of state. Countries with a presidential system cannot be monarchies, however.

Some countries do not precisely conform to the above definitions. France, for example, is best described as a mixture of the two. Dictatorships and [[absolute monarchy|absolute monarchies]] also are not classed as either.

Head of government

2007-04-20T10:27:39Z

Dorpfeld: New page: The head of government is the person who leads the government of a country. There are two major systems in existence in the world: the prime ministerial system, developed in the UK, and th...

The head of government is the person who leads the government of a country. There are two major systems in existence in the world: the prime ministerial system, developed in the UK, and the presidential system, developed in the USA. Most other countries in the world have adopted one or other of these.

In a prime ministerial system, the prime minister is ''always'' a member of the legislature, and is never the [[head of state]]. In a presidential system, the president is ''never'' a member of the legislature, and is always the [[head of state]]. Confusingly, however, many countries with a prime ministerial system often have a head of state who is also called a "president", but without executive power. Other prime ministerial countries have a hereditary monarch as head of state. Countries with a presidential system cannot be monarchies, however.

Some countries do not precisely conform to the above definitions. France, for example, is best described as a mixture of the two. Dictatorships and absolute monarchies also are not classed as either.

British Empire

2007-04-19T13:14:02Z

Dorpfeld: Ireland was a medieval feudal phenomenon. The British Empire was a product of the Age of Discovery. They should not be confused

[[Image:BritishEmpire1921.png|thumb|right|350px|The world in 1921, with British colonies shown in pink]]
The '''British Empire''' was a global empire acquired and ruled by [[Great Britain]] (or, from 1801 onwards, the [[United Kingdom]]). Its origins can perhaps be dated to the English discovery of [[Newfoundland]] in 1493, and its demise may be variously dated to 1947 (when [[India]] was granted independence), to 1956 (when the [[Suez Crisis]] revealed that Britain was no longer a world power), to the 1960s (when the UK withdrew from most of its remaining colonies), or to as recently as 1997 (when [[Hong Kong]], the last major colony, was returned to [[China|Chinese]] rule).

In its heyday, the British Empire was the largest empire in history: by the eve of the First World War, it spanned a quarter of the world's total land mass (though much of this consisted of vast, uninhabited areas of northern Canada). Its constituent parts included [[India]], [[Canada]], [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]], Malaya (now [[Malaysia]] and [[Singapore]]), [[South Africa]], [[Egypt]], [[Nigeria]], [[Kenya]], [[Uganda]] and [[Hong Kong]].

The various parts of the Empire were granted independence by the UK (peacefully or otherwise) at different times. The thirteen North American colonies that formed the original [[United States of America]] had won their freedom by 1783. Most of Ireland went its separate way in 1922. The remaining "settler colonies" that were inhabited mainly by white people of British descent were formally granted self-government in 1931, though they had been self-governing for some years prior to that date. The remaining colonies were granted independence in the decades following the Second World War, and the last remaining colony of importance, Hong Kong, left British rule in 1997.

Fourteen small territories that formed part of the Empire, such as the [[Cayman Islands]], [[Bermuda]], [[Anguilla]], the [[Falkland Islands]] and [[St. Helena]], remain under British rule. They are legally known as the "British Overseas Territories". Most former colonies are members of the [[Commonwealth of Nations]].

Head of state

2007-04-19T13:03:30Z

Dorpfeld: New page: A head of state is a person who represents the highest authority in a country, and who embodies that country in international relations. He or she need not hold political power in person, ...

A head of state is a person who represents the highest authority in a country, and who embodies that country in international relations. He or she need not hold political power in person, and someone else may be the [[head of government]]. Alternatively, the head of state may also be the head of government. A head of state may be a hereditary monarch or an elected president. A few exceptions exist (such as the [[pope]], who is head of state of [[Vatican City]]), but almost all heads of state in the world are either monarchs or presidents. It is also possible for a single individual to be head of state of more than one country. The exceptional example of this is Queen [[Elizabeth II]] of the [[United Kingdom]], who is also head of state of 15 other countries that once formed the [[British Empire]]. Other anomolies are that [[San Marino]], for example, has two heads of state, the annually elected Captains-General, and [[Andorra]] also has two heads of state, one of whom is the president of [[France]].

The concept of heads of state is really a fairly modern idea, that cannot easily be applied to some ancient societies. For example, it might be thought that in the [[Roman Empire]] it was the emperor who was head of state, but this would be misleading. In fact, it was the [[consul]]s who retained the highest legal office, even after they lost real power, and the emperors are better thought of as heads of government. In fact, the modern concept cannot be applied in any meaningful sense.

Jerusalem (hymn)

2007-04-19T11:00:41Z

Dorpfeld:

Jerusalem (words [[William Blake]] 1804, music [[Charles Parry]] 1916), is a hymn and patriotic song that is consistently voted England's unofficial national anthem. Blake's original poem was set to music by Parry during the First World War. The poem/hymn speaks of a perfect England of the imagination, but one that could exist in reality if only we all worked together. Many of Blake's references are obscure, and almost certainly reflect his mystical philosophy. Scholars have been arguing over their meaning for 200 years.

Jerusalem is also unusual as a patriotic song in that it is named after a foreign city. It is the official anthem of both the [[Conservative Party]] ''and'' the [[Labour Party]], the conservative [[Women's Institute]] and the socialist [[Trades Union]] movement. Since it appeals to those on both the left and the right, it is often regarded as ideally suited as a national anthem. Officially, however, England has no national anthem.

And did those feet in ancient time

Walk upon England's mountains green?

And was the holy Lamb of God

On England's pleasant pastures seen?

And did the Countenance Divine

Shine forth upon our clouded hills?

And was Jerusalem builded here

Among these dark Satanic mills?

Bring me my bow of burning gold:

Bring me my arrows of desire:

Bring me my spear: O clouds unfold!

Bring me my chariot of fire.

I will not cease from mental fight,

Nor shall my sword sleep in my hand

Till we have built Jerusalem

In England's green and pleasant land.

Jerusalem (hymn)

2007-04-19T10:50:56Z

Dorpfeld:

Jerusalem (words [[William Blake]] 1804, music [[Charles Parry]] 1916), is a hymn and patriotic song that is consistently voted England's unofficial national anthem. Blake's original poem was set to music by Parry during the First World War. The poem/hymn speaks of a perfect England of the imagination, but one that could exist in reality if only we all worked together. Many of Blake's references are obscure, and almost certainly reflect his mystical philosophy. Scholars have been arguing over their meaning for 200 years.

Jerusalem is also unusual as a patriotic song in that it is named after a foreign city. It is the official anthem of both the [[Conservative Party]] ''and'' the [[Labour Party]], the conservative [[Women's Institute]] and the socialist [[Trades Union]] movement. Since it appeals to those on both the left and the right, it is often regarded as ideally suited as a national anthem. Officially, however, England has no national anthem.

And did those feet in ancient time

Walk upon England's mountains green?

And was the holy Lamb of God

On England's pleasant pasture's seen?

And did the Countenance Divine

Shine forth upon our clouded hills?

And was Jerusalem builded here

Among these dark Satanic mills?

Bring me my bow of burning gold:

Bring me my arrows of desire:

Bring me my spear: O clouds unfold!

Bring me my chariot of fire.

I will not cease from mental fight,

Nor shall my sword sleep in my hand

Till we have built Jerusalem

In England's green and pleasant land.

Jerusalem (hymn)

2007-04-19T10:40:45Z

Dorpfeld:

Jerusalem (words [[William Blake]] 1804, music [[Charles Parry]] 1916), is a hymn and patriotic song that is consistently voted England's unofficial national anthem. Blake's original poem was set to music by Parry during the First World War. The poem/hymn speaks of a perfect England of the imagination, but one that could exist in reality if only we all worked together. Many of Blake's references are obscure, and almost certainly reflect his mystical philosophy. Scholars have been arguing over their meaning for 200 years.

Jerusalem is also unusual as a patriotic song in that it is named after a foreign city. It is the official anthem of both the [[Conservative Party]] ''and'' the [[Labour Party]], the conservative [[Women's Institute]] and the socialist [[Trades Union]] movement. Since it appeals to those on both the left and the right, it is often regarded as ideally suited as a national anthem.

And did those feet in ancient time

Walk upon England's mountains green?

And was the holy Lamb of God

On England's pleasant pasture's seen?

And did the Countenance Divine

Shine forth upon our clouded hills?

And was Jerusalem builded here

Among these dark Satanic mills?

Bring me my bow of burning gold:

Bring me my arrows of desire:

Bring me my spear: O clouds unfold!

Bring me my chariot of fire.

I will not cease from mental fight,

Nor shall my sword sleep in my hand

Till we have built Jerusalem

In England's green and pleasant land.

Jerusalem (hymn)

2007-04-19T10:39:56Z

Dorpfeld:

Jerusalem (words [[William Blake]] 1804, music [[Charles Parry]] 1916), is a hymn and patriotic song that is consistently voted England's unofficial national anthem. Blake's original poem was set to music by Parry during the First World War. The poem/hymn speaks of a perfect England of the imagination, but one that could exist in reality if only we all worked together. Many of Blake's references are obscure, and almost certainly reflect his mystical philosophy. Scholars have been arguing over their meaning for 200 years.

Jerusalem is also unusual as a patriotic song in that it is named after a foreign city. It is the official anthem of both the [[Conservative Party]] ''and'' the [[Labour Party]], the conservative [[Women's Institute]] and the socialist [[Trades Union]] movement. Since it appeals to those on both the left and the right, it is often regarded as ideally suited as a national anthem.

And did those feet in ancient time

Walk upon England's mountains green?

And was the holy Lamb of God

On Englan's pleasant pasture's seen?

And did the Countenance Divine

Shine forth upon our clouded hills?

And was Jerusalem builded here

Among these dark Satanic mills?

Bring me my bow of burning gold:

Bring me my arrows of desire:

Bring me my spear: O clouds unfold!

Bring me my chariot of fire.

I will not cease from mental fight,

Nor shall my sword sleep in my hand

Till we have built Jerusalem

In England's green and pleasant land.