Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Talk:Conservapedia

2021-04-17T19:33:32Z

Eaglesteven: /* Minor additions */ new section

I'm a bit confused about the following statement from the about conservapedia page- "When a student handed in her paper using the date-markers “BCE” and "CE” from Wikipedia, Schlafly realized that Wikipedia, despite its claim of neutrality, contained bias against the achievements of Christianity and conservatism."

I am not expressing any opinion whether or not Wikipedia contains bias in general. Conservapedia's bias page defines bias on encyclopedia as follows- "In works describing a potentially controversial topic, bias refers to the tendency of an author who holds a particular viewpoint to express that viewpoint (whether intentionally or subconsciously) in his work."

BCE and CE specifically can be understood to mean before Christian era and Christian era or before Common era and Common era. It is a current academic trend meant to avoid holding a particular viewpoint to express that viewpoint, ie- to avoid bias. The term is meant to specifically avoid suggesting any viewpoint regarding Christianity, Islam, Judaism, or any other religion. The above statement thus confuses me. By definition, a lack of bias will endeavor to not lean in any direction, and how that is interpreted as a bias against the achievements of Christianity perplexes me. In actuality, a claim for bias by the usage BCE and CE can be made more so for every other religions, as it signifies using the Christian dating of the calendar, revolving around Jesus' birth, and not any other calendar, such as the Muslim one (which revolves around Mohammed's Higra) or the Jewish one (which revolves around the creation of all of humanity in the Garden of Eden).

I would appreciate a clarification. Thank you.

Where are the claims of bias? The controversial aspects? [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliability_of_Wikipedia#Notable_incidents Even Wikipedia says] it has been controversial. --[[User:Gert3|Gert3]] 09:07, 13 July 2010 (EDT)

== Cannot edit? ==

When I view this page the "edit button" isn't there, is this a purposeful measure? I wanted to change ''...Conservapedia originally contained mostly history articles, it has grown over '''two years''' to be a general reference...'' because if Conservapedia was launched in 2006 that would make it nearly 5 years old. [[User:MaxFletcher|MaxFletcher]] 22:07, 14 March 2011 (EDT)
: I think that means the page has been 'protected'. Only some of the more senior users (administrators?) have access. You can ask for it to be temporarily unprotected, probably ask ASchlafly. [[User:CharlieJ|CharlieJ]] 22:17, 14 March 2011 (EDT)
::I think I have already bothered him enough today (I couldn't find the help index despite it being right in the menu!). Hopefully a senior user will see this. [[User:MaxFletcher|MaxFletcher]] 22:23, 14 March 2011 (EDT)
:::Hi Max, good catch! I made that change for you: I made it "grown over several years". If there were any other changes you wanted to make, let me know or I'll unlock the article for you. [[User:AddisonDM|AddisonDM]] 13:07, 15 March 2011 (EDT)
::::Thanks Addison! [[User:MaxFletcher|MaxFletcher]] 15:27, 15 March 2011 (EDT)

== Differences with Wikipedia Section ==

Under this section, it might be helpful to add a wiki link to this page: [[Conservapedia:How Conservapedia Differs from Wikipedia]]. One of the better differences, in my opinion, is that Conservapedia allows primary sources while Wikipedia does not. According to Wikipedia, if the liberal media has not mentioned it, then it must not exist. This is the same tactic liberals used when [[ClimateGate]] went public; they simply ignored the story and hoped it would disappear.

Secondary sources can be very helpful in explaining a more complex topic, but an encyclopedic approach would be to cite the primary and secondary sources, which Wikipedia does not allow. This means that Wikipedia is a source for less reliable, second-hand citations; unless a page is completely unrelated to politics of any kind, Wikipedia references mostly liberal opinions with a bias view discussing a primary source. Even then, Wikipedia's non-political pages still can't use primary research as a citation. In my opinion, primary sources are more encyclopedic than the opinions of HuffPo writers, MSNBC reporters and the vast liberal media machine. [[User:DerekE|DerekE]] 21:32, 19 August 2011 (EDT)

: Wow, that's a superb insight! I added the link as you suggested.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 21:55, 19 August 2011 (EDT)

== Blocked user listed as influential ==
In the "influential users" list, "JacobB" is still listed even though that user was blocked for inserting false information. Was leaving this user on the list intended or an oversight? [[User:CWest|CWest]] 12:41, 8 June 2012 (EDT)

The following was mailed to me by SamHB. [[User:JudyJ|JudyJ]] 14:29, 10 June 2012 (EDT)

I take exception to the suggestion that user JacobB was "blocked for inserting false information". That is not true. Jacob was more knowledgeable about mathematics than everyone here, past or present, put together. He was caught up in some kind of internet password spoofing incident, and the "good guys vs. traitors" mindset kicked in. I believe he was allowed to come back briefly, but he quickly lost interest and moved on to other things. In his case, grad school in mathematics. He never inserted false information. You should show some respect, OK? If his user page showing as a redlink bothers you, why not just restore the page?

Another matter. While I had bitter fights with Terry Koeckritz, I was saddened to learn of his death. I think the existing entry does not show respect the way it should. The phrase "RIP" is used in many ways, from extremely solemn (Requiescat In Pacem) to downright silly and flippant (hanging an "RIP" sign on a computer.) Someone reading his entry wouldn't really know what was intended. They could even conclude that he was simply banned. I would suggest changing the line to something like

*[[User:TK|TK]] made many substantive contributions since coming to Conservapedia in 2007, and was known for his vigilance against vandals prior to his sudden passing in December, 2010.

:I meant no disrespect. I was not the one that made the block; I only joined this site about a week ago. Personally, the red link does not bother me; I did notice it and checked the reason for the block, but I simply wanted to check with the sysops. Even if I did restore the page, it may be deleted again anyway. There has been another instance where I redid something a sysop had undone and I caught some heat for it. I do not wish for that to happen again. Also, as I did not mention anything to do with that second paragraph, I will leave that part alone without replying. [[User:CWest|CWest]] 09:40, 11 June 2012 (EDT)

== Only for Americans? ==

I read people stating one forum that this site is only accessible to American IPs, with people from other countries complaining that they were not given access, though a Canadian said he did manage to get in. Is this true, or just propaganda? I'm moving to Israel, so I'd still like to be able to access this site.--[[User:Pubjabi20|Pubjabi20]] 17:57, 23 July 2012 (EDT)

:Conservapedia is available worldwide, and you should be able to access this site without difficulty from outside the [[U.S.]] Only a small percentage of international, anonymous proxies are blocked. Thanks for your interest.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 18:03, 23 July 2012 (EDT)

== JacobB ==

[[User:JacobB|JacobB]] should be removed from the list of "Influential editors and users". He was a troll and has already been blocked.--[[User:JoeyJ|JoeyJ]] 10:52, 10 July 2014 (EDT)

== Alexa ==

Bad news - our Alexa rating went down 3,272 ranks from April to May, and now we're out of the Top 55,000. I can't tell if this is a decrease in traffic or just other websites increasing or not, but either way, our statistic is out of date. Also, pageviews, time on site, and search engine results are up.--[[User:Abcqwe|Abcqwe]] ([[User talk:Abcqwe|talk]]) 18:19, 4 May 2017 (EDT)
:Page views & site time up? I guess we gotta concentrate on quality over quantity right now. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''The coup plotters won, for now'']] 21:59, 4 May 2017 (EDT)

== Books mentioning Conservapedia ==

These are all excerpts from books, found in Google Books, that mention Conservapedia:

{{cquote|While Wikiality is a humorous and entertaining concept, it does not relate to real world politics. Take, for example, Conservapedia, the online encyclopedia inaugurated by the son of arch-conservative Phyllis Schlafly as a "much-needed alternative to Wikipedia, which is increasingly Anti-Christian and Anti-American. Conservapedia seeks to offer conservative definitions of contested words and terms, from evolution and global warming to dinosaurs and kangaroos. Though such an endeavor, on its face, is patently absurd, the notion behind the site is quite powerful. These are the ''real'' truths, the site proclaims, and the ability now exists for conservatives and Christians to create their own public space where they need not endure the falsities propagated by the Anti-Christian and liberal establishment that have dominated public thought in their ability to define the world. Such a site is the culmination of years of effort to challenge the cultural hegemony of liberal media, government, and academics, and it does so by the establishment and control of language upon which reality is built. Whether effective or not, simply by its existence, the site actively contests the legitimacy of other such locations for the establishment of definitional truth, be it Wikipedia, ''Encyclopedia Britannica'', ''Webster's'', or some other. It challenges its users to question ''all'' such informational resources for their ideological biases before using them.<ref>Jones, Jeffrey P.
''Entertaining Politics: Satiric Television and Political Engagement''. Rowman and Littlefield Publishers: Plymouth, 2010.</ref>}}

{{cquote|Some maintain that Wikipedia's sources should be checked since they are user contributed and potentially biased, which is a good idea; however after they have passed a series of internal "tests" the article reliability grows, although even at this stage there may be a liberal bias. Enter Conservapedia.com (http://conservapedia.com/Conservapedia) featuring a conservative encyclopedia, which features excellent articles from my sampling, and I would recommend it over Wikipedia, though its article base isn't as large. (http://conservapedia.com/Main_Page). Just remember that initially posted articles at Wikipedia have not encountered any evaluation. There is often an editor's notation as to any concerns within an article, e.g., "This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed."<ref>Weldon, John. ''How to Survive the Coming Economic Meltdown''. ATRI Publishing.</ref>}}

{{cquote|In comparison to Wikipedia, Conservapedia defines ... an impressive impact on public thinking and reaction as a cumulative result of collective knowledge.<ref>Costigan, Sean S. and Jake Perry. ''Cyberspaces and Global Affairs''. Routledge: New York, 2012.</ref>}}

Do you think we should include these in some section about Conservapedia's being mentioned in other works, or a section about praise of CP?--[[User:Abcqwe|Abcqwe]] ([[User talk:Abcqwe|talk]]) 17:38, 6 May 2017 (EDT)
{{reflist}}

== Conservapedia only in English? ==

Is conservapedia only in English? If so, why?
Should this website have multiple languages?
Many wiki so have many languages especially Wikipedia.
(User: Coolguy)

:Yes, it is only in English. I (and probably most of the rest of us) don't think it should be in other languages because 1) most readers come from the U.S. or U.K., and the encyclopedia primarily focuses on U.S. and (to a lesser extent) EU politics, and 2) English is the international language. Many of our European editors and readers can understand English. Also, it might be difficult maintaining an encyclopedia with multiple languages when few editors of that language edit it. This is at least my take on your question. --[[User:1990'sguy|1990'sguy]] ([[User talk:1990'sguy|talk]]) 22:49, 7 June 2017 (EDT)

==Prominence on search engines==
This article says that Conservapedia enjoys prominence on search engines, but does not point out that Conservapedia does not have as high a [[Google]] search as does Wikipedia. Indeed, I think I first found out about Conservapedia through my reading of [[Wikipedia]]. [[User:Carltonio|Carltonio]] ([[User talk:Carltonio|talk]]) 14:03, 16 March 2019 (EDT)
:It wouldn't hurt to clarify that--you're right, of course, WP holds a much higher page rank than, well, pretty much any other website in the world. (I think it is ranked the #3 website in the world, though I don't remember for sure). However, CP does have a relatively high ranking and it does sometimes show in the first page of search results, depending on the search engine and search terms. Our current google page rank is 5 out of 10. For example, if you search for "donald trump achievements" on a clean browser (no previous search history to add bias), you will currently find that our page on the topic (created mostly by 1990'sguy) is listed in the following positions:
:*Google: #5
:*Bing: #1
:*Yahoo: #2 (excluding the "news" section)
:*Ask: #6
:*DuckDuckGo/Yandex: #2
:Also perhaps I should note that I originally stumbled upon CP by search engine. --[[User:DavidB4|DavidB4]] ([[User talk:DavidB4|TALK]]) 14:20, 16 March 2019 (EDT)
::I think Google has some CP articles blacklisted. [[Muellergate]] currently is #1 on Bing and #2 on Yahoo, but not even ranked on Google. Likewise, the [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]] was #16 on election 2016 eve, ahead of Hilary's own Facebook page and the first article offering any balanced criticism of Hillary after the first 15. But today I don't think it's even in the top 200. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Deep Six the Deep State!'']] 15:18, 16 March 2019 (EDT)

:::Very likely. It might not even be a manual process--they might have automated ways to detect objectionable pages. In any case, Google has be caught doing this to certain sites, so it is entirely possible. This is reason #67321 that I don't like, trust, or use Google. --[[User:DavidB4|DavidB4]] ([[User talk:DavidB4|TALK]]) 15:57, 16 March 2019 (EDT)
::::"Donald Trump achievements" used to be #1 on Google (for a time in 2017), and then for a long while, it was #2. It's been slipping down recently. --[[User:1990'sguy|1990'sguy]] ([[User talk:1990'sguy|talk]]) 16:08, 16 March 2019 (EDT)

:::::I thought it used to be higher. Oh well, it's still on the first page, which is itself an achievement! Chances are, they wouldn't bother to gradually depreciating that page, so I assume that are people are talking about his achievements, meaning that there are more pages for Google to pick from. If they really wanted the page gone, it would be. --[[User:DavidB4|DavidB4]] ([[User talk:DavidB4|TALK]]) 16:41, 16 March 2019 (EDT)

::::::If someone has a program that can show what sites link to a CP page, that would be helpful, cause that is a big factor in determining rankings, either up or down. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Deep Six the Deep State!'']] 16:53, 16 March 2019 (EDT)
::::::IOWs, links from a conservative or pro-Trump discussion board would lower Donald Trump's achievements, whereas links from CNN or ''Wapo'' would elevate it. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Deep Six the Deep State!'']] 16:57, 16 March 2019 (EDT)

:::::::I don't know of many tools offhand that look at specific pages, but I could do a little looking around. I know they exist, but there may not be any good free options. For example, this tool seems pretty nice, but it limits results for the domain to 100 entries, then filters by page, so only shows a small fraction of results, unless you pay for a subscription. [https://smallseotools.com/backlink-checker/] --[[User:DavidB4|DavidB4]] ([[User talk:DavidB4|TALK]]) 17:54, 16 March 2019 (EDT)

::::::::This looks like a better one, but you need to give them a (preferably junk) email address to use it. It's free though. [https://www.thehoth.com/backlinks-checker/] --[[User:DavidB4|DavidB4]] ([[User talk:DavidB4|TALK]]) 18:01, 16 March 2019 (EDT)

:::::::::[http://www.linkddl.com/search Here's another one.] The way to build ranking is (provided the backlink comes from a reputable site; use [https://mediabiasfactcheck.com/search/#gsc.tab=0 Media Bias Fact Check] when in doubt; a sites ideological coloring is irrelevant. What's more important is it's Alexa ranking being ahead of CP, and that it's not on the [[SPLC]] hit list. Avoid backlinks that appear to be commie/lib [[false flag]]s aimed at discrediting CP and to lower CP's rankings and traffic) when a page you are working on has an inbound backlink, provide a reverse outbound backlink to the same site. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Deep Six the Deep State!'']] 19:46, 16 March 2019 (EDT)

== Protected page edit request ==
[[User:TK]] is deceased. His entry under "Influential editors and users" should be rewritten in past tense. I suggest

<nowiki>[[User:TK|TK]] made many substantive contributions since coming to Conservapedia in 2007, and was known for his vigilance against vandals.</nowiki>

The annotation (RIP) at the end of the sentence could be dropped, as the tense would adequately convey that he is deceased. — [[User:Philcooper81|Philcooper81]][[User_talk:Philcooper81|T]] 14:21, 13 August 2019 (EDT)

:Personally, I don't think he's deceased; I think his puppet master just got tired of spending the hours on CP that TK was putting in. [[User:RobSmith|RobS]][[User talk:RobSmith|''Deep Six the Deep State!'']] 14:52, 13 August 2019 (EDT)

== Mentioning two additional users on [[Conservapedia#Influential_editors_and_users|this section]] ==

For [[Conservapedia#Influential_editors_and_users|this section on influential editors]], can an administrator please add [[User:BHathorn|BHathorn]] and [[User:Dataclarifier|Dataclarifier]] to the list? Dataclarifier is known for having been strongly active on debates over Scripture, and BHathorn is a hard-working editor constantly creating large pages every day. Thanks! —[[User:Liberaltears|Liberaltears]]'''''[[User:Liberaltears/mail|May Dataclarifier be well!]]''''' 12:37, 15 July 2020 (EDT)

Also, please can anyone add the Liberaltears account, too? - [[User:BHathorn]]

== Minor additions ==

The article should be changed to reflect the fact that Conservapedia is an echo chamber, insane asylum, and doesn't allow any minute droplet of truth. [[User:Eaglesteven|Eaglesteven]] ([[User talk:Eaglesteven|talk]]) 15:33, 17 April 2021 (EDT)

Daily Mail

2021-04-17T19:29:22Z

Eaglesteven:

[[Image:Dail Mail front page.jpg|right|thumb|250px|July 15, 2005 edition]]
The '''''Daily Mail''''' is the second biggest selling British [[tabloid]] newspaper. It supports the Clown Bastard Party. It leans chicken-wing in its editorial stances, but also supports [[euthanasia]],<ref>https://www.dailymail.co.uk/debate/article-1215710/A-N-WILSON-I-wake-night-wishing-I-killed-mother-But-Keir-Starmer-wrong.html</ref> and is noted for its stance on [[gun control]] and the NHS. It has a Sunday edition called ''The Mail on Sunday''. Its two million plus circulation is one of the largest of any daily newspaper in English.<ref>https://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/dailymail/home.html?in_page_id=1766</ref>

==Early History==

The ''Daily Mail'' was founded as a [[broadsheet]] newspaper in 1896, but changed to a tabloid format 75 years later. Its closest rival in terms of being less liberal is the ''[[Daily Express]]'', which sells far fewer copies.

When it was launched by Alfred and Harold Harmsworth (who later became respectively [[Lord Northcliffe]] and [[Lord Rothermere]]) it made an unashamed bid for the mass market. It was published at half the price of other newspapers, and kept its coverage both more concise and more populist. This approach led to it being highly successful.<ref>Taylor, S. J. ''The Great Outsiders: Northcliffe, Rothermere and the Daily Mail.''</ref>

The ''Daily Mail'' also set out to be entertaining, using in particular competitions as a means of promotion, and focusing on human-interest stories as a way of attracting readers to whom in-depth political analysis did not appeal. Among other promotions, they began the [[Ideal Home Exhibition]], which continues to be held in [[London]] every year.

The paper lost circulation during [[World War I]], when it spoke out in favor of [[conscription]] after the outbreak of war, and particularly when it attacked [[Herbert Kitchener|Lord Kitchener]], who was at that time a national hero. It was accused by the Prime Minister, [[Herbert Asquith]], of disloyalty to the country.

After the resignation of Asquith, [[David Lloyd George]] asked Lord Northcliffe to join his cabinet, but Northcliffe refused.

==1920s==

After Northcliffe died in 1922, his brother Lord Rothermere took control. It was under his regime that the ''Daily Mail'' published the "[[Zinoviev Letter]]". This letter which purported to be from Grigori Zinoviev, president of Comintern, the internal communist party of the [[USSR]], was addressed to members of the Labour Party of Great Britain and exhorted them to carry out a violent revolution. The letter was a very plausible one, originating in Riga, and although it later turned out to be a forgery, the editor of the Mail had no reason to doubt its genuineness at the time. Four days later the [[Labour Party]] was defeated in the 1924 general election. Historians agree the letter was a forgery but their consensus is that it made little difference in the election. The fact was that the Labour government's recognition of the Soviet Union had been unpopular and it only held power because of the temporary support of the Liberal Party, and a rift within the Conservative Party. Once those factors changed, Labour had little or no chance of winning the 1924 election.<ref>https://history.blog.gov.uk/2014/01/22/whats-the-context-britains-first-labour-government-takes-office-22-january-1924/</ref>
After the election Labour leaders used it as an excuse for their failure; it became a roadblock to needed internal reforms in the Labour party.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/politics/1999/feb/04/uk.politicalnews6S</ref>

==1930s==

In the 1930s, the ''Daily Mail'' was politically sympathetic to [[fascism]], and Lord Rothermere wrote articles praising the [[British Union of Fascists]] and their leader [[Oswald Mosley]] in particular for showing “sound, commonsense, Conservative doctrine”. One headline notoriously read "Hurrah for the Blackshirts". However, he toned down his support after the Fascist party was involved in street violence. The ''Mail''’s political stance was also influenced by Rothermere’s personal friendship with both [[Benito Mussolini]] and [[Adolf Hitler]] and his [[Nazi Party]] – the only newspaper to support them both consistently. Rothermere sent Hitler a telegram of congratulations after Germany invaded the [[Sudetenland]] in 1938. The Mail was one of several British newspapers to publish extracts from ''The Protocols of The Elders of Zion'', and was critical of the Balfour plan to set up the State of Israel.<ref>Griffiths, Richard. ''Fellow Travellers of the Right: British Enthusiasts for Nazi Germany, 1933-39''. Jeffrey Herf, ed., Anti-Semitism and Anti-Zionism in Historical Perspective: Convergence and Divergence. Routledge, 2013, 120-123.</ref>

[[Neville Chamberlain]]’s [[appeasement]] policy was supported by the ''Daily Mail'' until after the [[Munich Agreement]], but the newspaper changed its stance after the Nazi invasion of [[Poland]] in 1939 and thereafter whole heartedly supported war against the burgeoning Nazi tyranny.

The Mail's attitude needs to be seen in the context of prevalent positive or tolerant attitudes towards Hitler in the 1930s. As later as Saturday 29 February 1936, the ''Daily Mirror'', a socialist newspaper, featured an exclusive personal interview with Hitler on its front page. It had a large picture of the Fuhrer making the Nazi salute and the headline "Hitler's Let's Be Friends" Plea To the World". It described him as a "Man of the People" and "Man of Destiny", and allowed him to put his own case at length, claiming to be a "Man of Peace".<ref>Daily Mirror, Saturday 29 February 1936.</ref>

In the pre-war period, Hitler was widely seen as the leader who had done most to solve Germany's economic woes and overcome unemployment. Among those who went from England to meet Hitler in the 1930s were not only Lord Rothermere but also George Lansbury, the Labour Party leader, and David [[Lloyd George]], the veteran Liberal leader, who was photographed shaking Hitler's hand.

==Support for euthanasia==

The Daily Mail recently published an article in support of euthanasia.<ref>https://www.dailymail.co.uk/debate/article-1215710/A-N-WILSON-I-wake-night-wishing-I-killed-mother-But-Keir-Starmer-wrong.html</ref> The article and author of the piece stated that:

*"When I wake up in the watches of the night, I still wish that I had killed my mother. In her late eighties, this spirited, independent, active (almost hyperactive) old lady began to slither downhill."
*"For a few months, I felt almost grateful that she did not know what was happening to her."
*"She was never happy for a single minute in those last years, until the last day when a kind of peace descended…If only she had died before she reached this state! If only her hitherto dignified life had ended as nature so plainly meant it to end."
*"As I began by saying, I wish I had possessed the courage to smother her with a pillow, rather than leaving her in that living hell for over two years. Had the roles been reversed, I would have begged her to kill me."
*"I do not know whether my poor mother would have wanted an assisted suicide or not. All I know, since watching her agonisingly slow death, is that I would most definitely want to take my own life, or for someone to take it for me, before I reached this stage."
*"I see no virtue whatsoever in these terminal circumstances, in pretending that there is some mystical thing called 'life' which God or Morality have forbidden us to terminate…The half-life of paralysis, and pain, and misery for all around you is no life at all. In my view it is far better to end it all in circumstances which are, if possible, in your control."
*"So yes, I would welcome the legalisation of assisted suicide in this country and would support any moves to bring it on to the statute books…The trouble is that Keir Starmer's guidelines are no help at all - in fact, they mean we are in the ludicrous position of the law saying one thing and doing another."
*"Increasing numbers of people in this country believe, like me, there is an overwhelming case for changing the law. The two objections to changing the law do not stand up…One is that the system is open to abuse. It is claimed that unscrupulous carers or family will force sick or elderly patients to 'opt' for suicide because they do not want to be a burden…But the sorry reality is that unscrupulous and unpleasant people will always abuse the weak and the elderly, whatever the law. Their malign activities will go on whether the assisted suicide is legalised or not…The second objection to legalising assisted suicide is that there is often something noble about people suffering an illness for as long as nature or God decree…There are those who cite the example of Jade Goody - a girl who lived in many ways a terrible and immoral life but who bravely used her terminal cancer to give her children a decent future…Yet most cancer patients are not represented by Max Clifford and will not make a million from their prolonged deaths…On the contrary, for many families the continuation of a terminally sick patient's lingering condition in expensive care can be ruinously expensive, especially if the relatives have to give up their jobs to become carers."
*"It is true that unscrupulous children might make parents feel that they are a burden. But the illness and decrepitude of some patients is often placing a burden - an intolerable burden - on families, making it impossible for them to live their lives and calling for reserves of goodness or sheer energy which they simply do not possess."
*"It is not immoral for carers and younger family members to feel entitled to a bit of a life apart from the agonising bedside, and I fail to see why the preservation of life in such circumstances is always to be seen as virtuous."
*"But beyond this, in a free society, it seems intolerable that grown-up sentient beings can not decide when to bring life to an end, without the added horror that those they love best will be criminalised."

==Recent history==

The fortunes of the ''Daily Mail'' were revived after a decline in the 1950s by its then-editor Sir David English, and its current editor Paul Dacre continues that trend. He has widened the paper's market by launching an Irish edition and a summarized edition for UK expatriates.

The newspaper's website "MailOnline" has been criticised by the newspaper's readers for pandering to people with left-wing views.

==Political and editorial stances==

The ''Daily Mail'' claims to represent Middle England and Conservative values, opposing the [[liberal]] establishment. It generally opposes the [[European Union]] and the increasing trend to see Britain as part of [[Europe]]. It is usually against immigration, although it has supported the wish of white asylum-seekers from [[Zimbabwe]] to remain in [[Britain]]. It is generally against [[abortion]], [[same sex marriage|same-sex "marriage"]] and in favour of the [[monarchy]], tax cuts and harsher penalties for criminals. It is generally supportive of [[Israel]], although it has recently been attacked for its lack of support for the war in [[Iraq]].

It generally takes a strong stand against criminality. It is critical of the British government for "caving in" to edicts from the European Court for example in granting prisoners the right to vote in elections.<ref>https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-5045279/Outcry-MPs-prisoners-right-vote.html</ref>

It has run a series of articles about bogus "child" migrants posing as refugees.<ref>Revealed: Just one in five lone 'child' migrants caught lying about their age are thrown out of Britain.</ref><ref>https://www.dailymail.co.uk/debate/article-3853830/How-child-migrants-straining-care-British-children-paying-price.html</ref>

It perceives many public media such as the [[British Broadcasting Corporation|BBC]] as biased to the left politically. Its columnists tend to be politically right-wing. It endorses the [[Conservative Party]] in most elections, and publicly repudiates groups like the [[British National Party]], who are associated with racist (but in many other respects socialist) policies.

The Mail is often accused of fear mongering with numerous health scare articles (recent examples include "How using Facebook could raise your risk of cancer" and "Mouthwash 'causes oral cancer'").

In 2017, [[Richard Branson]]'s Virgin Train company announced that it would no longer sell the Daily Mail.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/comment/virgin-trains-daily-mail-a8154851.html</ref>

==Wikipedia ban==
[[Wikipedia]] has banned its editors from using the Daily Mail as a reference, allegedly because of "poor fact checking and sensationalism".<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/feb/08/wikipedia-bans-daily-mail-as-unreliable-source-for-website</ref> This may be an attempt to censor right-wing views.
There is no objective evidence that the Daily Mail is any less accurate than other British newspapers or mainstream media sources such as The Guardian.

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:United Kingdom Newspapers|Daily Mail]]
[[Category:Media]]
[[Category:Conservative News Organizations]]
[[Category:Conservative Newspapers]]

Donald Trump achievements

2021-04-17T19:26:43Z

Eaglesteven: a few corrections

[[File:Donald Trump official presidential photo.jpg|200px|thumb|Official presidential photo of President Donald Trump]]
[[File:Donald Trump Joint Congressional Session, February 2017.jpg|thumb|200px|President Trump speaking to Congress, February 28, 2017.]]
This article is a non-exhaustive list of '''political achievements of United States President [[Donald Trump]]''', [[Trump Administration|his administration]], and [[United States Congress|Congress]], specifically between January 20, 2017, and January 14, 2020, in passing clown legislation, advancing clown ideals, and "Making America Gangrenous Again".

{|
|bgcolor=yellow|    Due to the number of achievements, the list of President Trump's achievements have been moved to sub-articles. Please visit the sub-articles to see the Trump Administration's various achievements.
|}

==2016 election and transition==
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: 2016 election and transition]]''

In a historic victory, Trump won the 2016 presidential election despite massive opposition from the [[establishment]]. He began promoting conservative policies even before his inauguration.

== Donald Trump's achievements as U.S. president ==
[[File:Donald Trumpswearing in.jpg|thumb|250px|Trump being sworn in, January 20, 2017.]]
[[File:Donald Trump speech, August 2018.jpg|thumb|250px|President Trump giving a speech, August 13, 2018]]
[[File:Donald Trump at his desk, December 2018.png|thumb|250px|President Trump sitting at his desk in the [[Oval Office]], December 21, 2018]]
:''See: [[Donald Trump's major achievements]]''
Trump was inaugurated on January 20, 2017, giving one of the strongest inauguration addresses in American history.<ref>Multiple references:
*Boyle, Matthew (January 20, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/01/20/america-first-president-donald-trump-brings-the-rain-in-inauguration-address/ ‘America First’: President Donald Trump Brings the Rain in Inauguration Address]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
*Newman, Alex (January 20, 2017). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/25191-president-trump-cites-bible-in-unity-call-touts-america-first President Trump Cites Bible in Unity Call; Touts “America First”]. ''The New American''. Retrieved June 20, 2018.
*Dinan, Stephen; Howell, Thomas (January 20, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/jan/20/donald-j-trump-sworn-45th-presiden/ President Trump vows to put 'America first' and promises to 'get the job done']. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
*Bender, Michael C. (January 20, 2017). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/donald-trump-strikes-nationalistic-tone-in-inaugural-speech-1484957527 Donald Trump Strikes Nationalistic Tone in Inaugural Speech]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
*Holland, Steve; Stephenson, Emily (January 20, 2017). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-inauguration-idUSKBN1540I0 Trump, now president, pledges to put 'America First' in nationalist speech]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
*Scott, Patrick; Midgley, Robert (January 20, 2017). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/01/20/donald-trump-just-delivered-american-inauguration-speech-ever/ Donald Trump just delivered the most 'American' inauguration speech ever]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
*McCaskill, Nolan D. (January 20, 2017). [https://www.politico.com/story/2017/01/key-points-of-trumps-inaugural-speech-233900 Key moments from Trump's inauguration speech]. ''Politico''. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
*Yeip, Randy (February 20, 2017). [https://www.wsj.com/graphics/how-donald-trumps-inauguration-speech-compares-with-other-presidents/ On Speaking Terms: How Donald Trump's Inauguration Speech Compares with Other Presidents]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved June 4, 2018.
Notably, President Trump spoke out against "radical Islamic terrorism," becoming the first president to use the term:
*[https://www.timesofisrael.com/president-trump-puts-fights-against-radical-islamic-terrorism-at-heart-of-inauguration-speech/ President Trump puts fight against ‘radical Islamic terrorism’ at heart of inauguration speech]. ''The Times of Israel''. January 20, 2017. Retrieved January 20, 2017.
*Martel, Frances (January 20, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/01/20/inaugural-address-trump-reaffirms-vow-eradicate-radical-islamic-terrorism/ In Inaugural Address, Trump Reaffirms Vow to ‘Eradicate’ Radical Islamic Terrorism]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 24, 2017.
*Martel, Frances (January 20, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/live/inauguration-2017-swearing-president-donald-trump/history-trump-becomes-first-president-use-words-islamic-urban-inaugural-address/ History: Trump Becomes First President to Use Words ‘Islamic,’ ‘Urban’ in Inaugural Address]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 24, 2017.
Transcript of the speech:
*[https://www.c-span.org/video/?c4650187/president-trump-delivers-inaugural-address President Trump Delivers Inaugural Address]. ''C-SPAN''. January 20, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
*[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/01/20/full-text-president-donald-trumps-inauguration-speech.html Full text of President Donald Trump's inauguration speech]. ''Fox News''. January 20, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
See also:
*Taylor, Guy (January 20, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/jan/20/trump-inaugural-speech-makes-international-waves/ Trump inaugural speech makes international waves]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
*[https://www.c-span.org/video/?422124-1/donald-trump-sworn-45th-president-united-states President Trump 2017 Inaugural Ceremony]. ''C-SPAN''. January 20, 2017. Retrieved June 3, 2018.</ref> His first bill signed as president was to allow retired general and Defense Secretary nominee [[James Mattis]] to be confirmed.<ref>Kopan, Tal (January 20, 2017). [https://www.cnn.com/2017/01/20/politics/donald-trump-first-law-actions/ President Donald Trump signs first bill into law]. ''CNN''. Retrieved January 20, 2017.</ref> Trump had a very busy and productive first week, undoing Obama's legacy and instituting conservative executive orders.<ref>Multiple references:
*Davenport, David (January 27, 2017). [https://www.forbes.com/sites/daviddavenport/2017/01/27/how-trump-managed-to-undo-obamas-legacy-in-one-week/#3ae6bcba5bbf How Trump Managed To Undo Obama's Legacy In One Week]. ''Forbes''. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
*Said-Moorhouse, Lauren (January 26, 2017). [https://www.cnn.com/2017/01/26/politics/executive-orders-presidents-actions-presidential-memoranda/ What's Trump done so far? His productive first week and how it stacks up to previous presidents]. ''CNN''. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
*[https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/28/president-trumps-first-week-action President Trump's First Week of Action]. ''whitehouse.gov''. January 28, 2017. Retrieved January 28, 2017.
*Newman, Alex (January 20, 2017). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/25192-president-trump-unveils-plans-to-undo-much-of-obama-s-damage President Trump Unveils Plans to Undo Much of Obama's Damage]. ''The New American''. Retrieved March 13, 2019.
See also:
*Spiering, Charlie (January 23, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/01/23/high-energy-president-donald-trumps-big-first-week/ High Energy! President Donald Trump’s Big First Week]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 3, 2018.</ref> He had already made a reasonably large impact by his 50th day in office.<ref>Kew, Ben (March 10, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/03/10/major-impact-president-donald-trumps-first-50-days-in-office/ Major Impact: President Donald Trump’s First 50 Days in Office]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 10, 2017. See also:
*Hawkins, John (February 18, 2017). [https://townhall.com/columnists/johnhawkins/2017/02/18/donald-trumps-top-10-accomplishments-in-his-first-month-in-office-n2287565 Donald Trump’s Top 10 Accomplishments in His First Month in Office]. ''Townhall''. Retrieved November 17, 2019.</ref> President Trump accomplished many of his campaign promises by his [[First 100 days|100th day in office]], and he had already made significant progress by then, most notably by reducing regulations, enforcing American immigration laws, and appointing and having the Senate confirm his Supreme Court nominee [[Neil Gorsuch]].<ref>Multiple references:
*Kew, Ben (April 28, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/04/28/making-america-great-again-donald-trumps-100-day-success/ Making America Great Again: Donald Trump’s 100 Days’ Success]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 29, 2017.
*Wise, Lindsay (April 27, 2017). [https://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/article146867634.html Think Trump didn’t achieve much in his first 100 days? Think again.] ''The Sacramento Bee''. Retrieved April 29, 2017.
*Singman, Brooke (April 29, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/04/29/trumps-first-100-days-did-keep-his-promises.html Trump's first 100 days: Did he keep his promises?] ''Fox News''. Retrieved April 29, 2017.
*Hoft, Jim (April 27, 2017). [https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2017/04/draft-complete-list-of-president-trumps-accomplishments-in-his-first-100-days/ Complete List of President Trump’s Major Accomplishments in First 100 Days]. ''The Gateway Pundit''. Retrieved December 28, 2018.
See also:
*[https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/25190-trump-s-first-100-days Trump's First 100 Days]. ''The New American''. April 29, 2017. Retrieved December 28, 2018.
*[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/list-of-trumps-executive-orders List of Trump's executive orders]. ''Fox News''. April 28, 2017. Retrieved December 28, 2018.
*[https://www.breitbart.com/trump-100-days/ The First 100 Days of Trump: Breitbart Special Report]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 28, 2018.
*[https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2017/05/01/breitbart-news-releases-e-book-first-100-days-trump/ Breitbart News Releases e-Book: ‘The First 100 Days of Trump’]. ''Breitbart News''. May 1, 2017. Retrieved December 28, 2018.</ref> In his first 100 days as president, Trump signed the most pieces of legislation of any president since [[Harry Truman]] and more executive orders than any previous president.<ref>Singman, Brooke (April 29, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/04/29/trumps-first-100-days-by-numbers.html Trump's first 100 days – by the numbers]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved April 29, 2017.</ref> By his 100th day, it was clear that Trump had disrupted the liberal political [[establishment]] consensus.<ref>Derespina, Cody (April 29, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/04/29/100-days-disruption-how-trump-rewrote-presidential-script.html 100 Days of Disruption: How Trump rewrote the presidential script]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved April 29, 2017. 
See also:
*Malone, Jim (October 19, 2017). [https://www.voanews.com/a/trump-disruptive-politics/4076397.html Trump Lives Up to Pledge to Be Disrupter, But Country Divided Over Results]. ''Voice of America''. Retrieved October 19, 2017.</ref> The Trump Administration was able to achieve numerous accomplishments by its first year in office,<ref>Multiple references:
*Pappas, Alex (December 27, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/12/27/trump-ends-2017-with-big-wins-on-economy-taxes-isis-and-more.html Trump ends 2017 with big wins on economy, taxes, ISIS and more]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
*Bedard, Paul (December 21, 2017). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/year-one-list-81-major-trump-achievements-11-obama-legacy-items-repealed Year One List: 81 major Trump achievements, 11 Obama legacy items repealed]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
*Conradis, Brandon (December 25, 2017). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/366429-trumps-top-10-accomplishments-of-2017 Trump’s top 10 accomplishments of 2017]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved December 25, 2017.
*Westwood, Sarah; Morrongiello, Gabby (December 28, 2017). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/trumps-top-9-accomplishments-of-2017/article/2644478 Trump's top 9 accomplishments of 2017]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved December 31, 2017.
*Spiering, Charlie (December 28, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2017/12/28/top-12-maga-moments-trumps-first-year-president/ Top 12 MAGA Moments in Donald Trump’s First Year as President]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 28, 2017.
*Cortes, Steve (December 30, 2017). [https://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2017/12/30/trumps_2017_top_10_achievements_135885.html Trump's 2017 Top 10 Achievements]. ''RealClearPolitics''. Retrieved December 28, 2018.
*Scaliger, Charles (February 9, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/print-magazine/item/28194-donald-trump-1st-year Donald Trump: 1st Year]. ''The New American''. Retrieved February 11, 2018.
Specifically regarding social issues and for Christians:
*Groppe, Maureen (January 19, 2018). [https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/01/19/first-year-trump-pence-brings-bountiful-blessings-religious-conservatives-say/1044308001/ First year of Trump-Pence brings bountiful blessings, religious conservatives say]. ''USA Today''. Retrieved January 20, 2018.
*[https://www1.cbn.com/cbnnews/us/2017/december/17-reasons-why-american-christians-celebrated-in-2017 17 Reasons Why American Christians Celebrated in 2017]. ''CBN News''. December 31, 2017. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
See also:
*Hanson, Victor Davis (February 5, 2018). [https://www.nationalreview.com/magazine/2018/02/05/donald-trump-accomplishments-since-in-office-impressive/ The Many Wars of Donald Trump]. ''National Review''. Retrieved December 29, 2018.</ref> and it kept many of its promises.<ref>Multiple references:
*Woodward, Calvin; Colvin, Jill (January 15, 2018). [https://www.apnews.com/4c2dce305b4a4d679785fc48bd278704/Trump-has-kept-many-promises-during-his-first-year-in-office Trump has kept many promises during his first year in office]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved January 15, 2018.
*Woodward, Calvin; Colvin, Jill (January 15, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/us/2018/01/15/trump-has-kept-many-promises-during-his-first-year-in-office.html Trump has kept many promises during his first year in office]. ''Fox News'' (from the ''Associated Press''). Retrieved January 15, 2018.
*[https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/01/16/associated-press-admits-trump-kept-many-promises-first-year-office/ Associated Press Admits: Trump Has Kept Many Promises His First Year in Office]. ''Breitbart News''. January 16, 2018. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
*Basu, Zachary (January 15, 2018). [https://www.axios.com/trump-follows-through-on-dozens-of-campaign-promises-in-first-year-1516042299-6be3391d-acdc-4fdc-aa19-4c58ee0197e8.html Trump follows through on dozens of campaign promises in first year]. ''Axios''. Retrieved January 15, 2018.</ref>

According to Reuters in late September 2017, President Trump had "begun to reshape American life in ways big and small."<ref>Whitesides, John (September 28, 2017). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-trump-effect-rules/beyond-the-daily-drama-and-twitter-battles-trump-begins-to-alter-american-life-idUSKCN1C3261 Beyond the daily drama and Twitter battles, Trump begins to alter American life]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved October 6, 2017. 
Article also published in the conservative media:
*[https://freebeacon.com/politics/beyond-daily-drama-twitter-battles-trump-begins-alter-american-life/ Beyond the Daily Drama and Twitter Battles, Trump Begins to Alter American Life]. ''The Washington Free Beacon'' (from ''Reuters''). September 29, 2017. Retrieved October 6, 2017.</ref> He undid many of [[Barack Obama]]'s executive orders and worked to undo his entire political legacy.<ref>Multiple references:
*Pappas, Alex (September 8, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/09/08/trump-is-dismantling-obama-s-executive-action-legacy.html Trump is dismantling Obama’s executive action legacy]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved September 9, 2017.
*Boyer, Dave (October 16, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/oct/16/donald-trump-reverses-obamas-legally-dubious-execu/ Trump dismantles Obama’s ‘imperial’ presidency, rescinds dubious orders]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved October 17, 2017.
*Stanage, Niall (October 16, 2017). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/355404-the-memo-trump-tries-to-turn-back-clock-on-obama-era The Memo: Trump tries to turn back clock on Obama era]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved October 17, 2017.
*Cawthorne, Cameron (October 16, 2017). [https://freebeacon.com/politics/trump-not-many-obama-administration-policies-kept-place/ Trump: ‘Not Too Many’ Obama Administration Policies Will Be Kept in Place]. ''The Washington Free Beacon''. Retrieved October 17, 2017.
*Schallhorn, Kaitlyn (December 27, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/12/27/how-trump-is-rolling-back-obamas-legacy.html How Trump is rolling back Obama's legacy]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
*[https://www.wnd.com/2018/01/how-trump-dismantled-obamas-legacy-in-1-year/ How Trump dismantled Obama's legacy in 1 year]. ''WND''. January 18, 2018. Retrieved January 19, 2018.
*Eilperin, Juliet; Cameron, Darla (March 24, 2017). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/politics/trump-rolling-back-obama-rules/ How Trump is rolling back Obama’s legacy]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved December 26, 2018.</ref> Not only did President Trump act as a disruptor, but he "set in motion an administration arguably more conservative than Ronald Reagan’s."<ref>Hayward, Steven F. (November 5, 2017). [https://www.latimes.com/opinion/la-oe-election-anniversary-updates-despite-his-many-foibles-trump-has-1509748851-htmlstory.html Despite the chaos, Trump has managed to push the most conservative agenda in a generation]. ''Los Angeles Times''. Retrieved November 28, 2017. See also:
*Bedard, Paul (November 27, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/washington-secrets/trump-brags-i-blow-ronald-reagan-away Trump brags, ‘I blow Ronald Reagan away’]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved November 27, 2018.
*Morris, Kyle (November 27, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2018/11/27/donald-trump-touts-presidential-accomplishments-i-blow-ronald-reagan-away/ Donald Trump Touts Presidential Accomplishments: ‘I Blow Ronald Reagan Away’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 27, 2018.
*Burke, Michael (November 27, 2018). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/418442-trump-people-would-say-im-far-greater-than-ronald-reagan-if-my-name Trump: People would say I'm 'far greater than Ronald Reagan' if my name weren't Trump]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 27, 2018.
*Mikelionis, Lukas (November 28, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trump-says-his-presidency-blow-ronald-reagan-away-slams-media-for-not-giving-credit Trump claims accomplishments 'blow Ronald Reagan away,' blasts 'false and corrupt' media: new book]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved November 28, 2018.</ref> In 2018, President Trump continued advancing a conservative agenda, this time focusing on the more nationalistic portions of it,<ref>Multiple references:
*Seib, Gerald F. (April 3, 2018). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-plunges-ahead-with-america-first-nationalist-approach-1522793064 Trump Plunges Ahead With America-First, Nationalist Approach]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
*Miller, S.A. (May 13, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/may/13/donald-trump-breaks-conservative-policies-reshapes/ Trump reshaping GOP by breaking away from traditional conservative policies]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved May 14, 2018.
See also:
*Seib, Gerald F. (June 18, 2018). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/as-trump-veers-from-traditional-gop-he-bends-it-toward-him-1529331685 As Trump Veers From Traditional GOP, He Bends It Toward Him]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved June 18, 2018.
*Lewandowski, Corey (August 20, 2018). [https://thehill.com/opinion/white-house/402184-booming-economy-kept-promises-making-america-great-again Booming economy, kept promises, making America great — again]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved August 20, 2018.
*Blake, Aaron (October 7, 2018). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2018/10/07/kavanaughs-confirmation-gives-gop-its-most-power-since-great-depression/ The GOP attains domination — at least for a few weeks]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved October 7, 2018.
*Wolf, Zachary B.; Carman, JoElla (February 1, 2019). [https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/01/politics/nuclear-treaty-trump/index.html Here are all the treaties and agreements Trump has abandoned]. ''CNN''. Retrieved February 1, 2019.
*Mascaro, Lisa (June 7, 2019). [https://www.apnews.com/5f6abe7ce5c248b891f55d08e7476742 Free traders no more? GOP warms up to Trump’s use of tariffs]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved June 8, 2019.
*Binder, John (July 17, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/07/17/pew-research-majority-of-gop-voters-say-mass-immigration-puts-americas-identity-as-a-nation-at-risk/ Pew Research: Majority of GOP Voters Say Mass Immigration Puts America’s ‘Identity as a Nation’ at Risk]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 17, 2019.
General 2018 accomplishments:
*Bedard, Paul (September 5, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/washington-secrets/list-white-house-touts-53-accomplishments-woodward-ignored List: White House touts 52 ‘accomplishments' Woodward ignored]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved September 5, 2018.
*Bedard, Paul (October 12, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/washington-secrets/trumps-list-289-accomplishments-in-just-20-months-relentless-promise-keeping Trump’s List: 289 accomplishments in just 20 months, ‘relentless’ promise-keeping]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved October 12, 2018.
*Spiering, Charlie (December 28, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2018/12/28/the-top-12-maga-moments-for-donald-trump-in-2018/ The Top 12 MAGA Moments for Donald Trump in 2018]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 28, 2018.
*Bedard, Paul (December 31, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/washington-secrets/maga-list-205-historic-results-help-trump-make-case-for-2020-reelection MAGA list: 205 ‘historic results’ help Trump make case for 2020 reelection]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved December 31, 2018.
*Hanson, Victor Davis (January 3, 2019). [https://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2019/01/03/actually_2018_was_a_pretty_good_year_139064.html Actually, 2018 Was a Pretty Good Year]. ''RealClearPolitics''. Retrieved January 3, 2019.
*Cortes, Steve (December 30, 2018). [https://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2018/12/30/trumps_top_10_achievements_of_2018_139046.html Trump's Top 10 Achievements of 2018]. ''RealClearPolitics''. Retrieved January 21, 2019.</ref> and he continued undoing Obama Administration policies.<ref>Multiple references:
*Chamberlain, Samuel (May 9, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2018/05/09/pullout-from-iran-nuclear-deal-is-latest-trump-move-to-dismantle-key-obama-policies.html Pullout from Iran nuclear deal is latest Trump move to dismantle key Obama policies]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved May 9, 2018.
*Harder, Amy; Baker, Sam; Swan, Jonathan (August 2, 2018). [https://www.axios.com/donald-trump-administration-barack-obama-legacy-health-care-energy-36e9b7f3-28ce-476e-8f7c-ccdd095408b1.html Trump's stealth attack on Obama's legacy]. ''Axios''. Retrieved August 2, 2018.
See also:
*Pollak, Joel B. (September 17, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/09/17/pollak-celebrating-two-years-of-restoration-under-president-trump-on-constitution-day/ Pollak: Celebrating Two Years of Restoration Under President Trump on Constitution Day]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 17, 2018.</ref> He received some help from Congress to advance his agenda.<ref>Boyer, Dave (May 29, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/may/28/trump-agenda-congress-passes-dodd-frank-veterans-a/ Trump sees Congress buck tradition of legislative loafing, make significant progress on agenda]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved May 29, 2018. See also:
*Bedard, Paul (September 4, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/washington-secrets/trump-breaks-20-year-fouled-up-budget-gridlock-scores-big-wins Trump breaks 20-year ‘fouled up’ budget gridlock, scores big wins]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved September 4, 2018.
*Owens, Caitlin (August 15, 2018). [https://www.axios.com/congress-is-actually-passing-spending-bills-98db2d4e-7838-470e-91e1-48dd1fd6d4ea.html Surprise: One area where Congress is functioning]. ''Axios''. Retrieved August 20, 2018.
*Mass, Warren (August 20, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/29828-trump-and-mcconnell-mend-fences-to-pursue-common-goals Trump and McConnell Mend Fences to Pursue Common Goals]. ''The New American''. Retrieved August 20, 2018.
*Pergram, Chad (October 13, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/amid-kavanaugh-cacophony-congress-forges-bipartisan-agreements-on-key-issues Amid Kavanaugh cacophony, Congress forges bipartisan agreements on key issues]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved October 13, 2018.</ref>

By the beginning of 2019, President Trump had either kept or made progress on many of his campaign promises,<ref>Multiple references:
*Fakkert, Jasper (January 20, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/two-years-in-office-trumps-revival-of-america_2772117.html American Revival: 70 Ways President Trump Has Changed the Nation Over the Past Two Years]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved January 21, 2019.
*Schallhorn, Kaitlyn (January 19, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trump-at-presidential-halfway-mark-where-he-stands-on-campaign-promises Trump at presidential halfway mark: Where he stands on campaign promises]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
*Horsley, Scott (January 20, 2019). [https://www.npr.org/2019/01/20/686531523/progress-report-president-trumps-campaign-promises-2-years-later Progress Report: President Trump's Campaign Promises, 2 Years Later]. ''NPR''. Retrieved January 21, 2019.
*Henney, Megan (January 20, 2019). [https://www.foxbusiness.com/politics/trumps-first-two-years-in-office-a-look-at-his-biggest-achievements-and-failures Trump's first two years in office: A look at his biggest achievements and failures]. ''Fox Business''. Retrieved January 21, 2019.
*[https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/the-historic-results-of-president-donald-j-trumps-first-two-years-in-office/ The Historic Results of President Donald J. Trump’s First Two Years in Office]. ''The White House''. January 20, 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2019.
*[http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/257893 Trump presents 'historic results' of two years in office]. ''Arutz Sheva''. January 20, 2019. Retrieved January 22, 2019.
More on President Trump's accomplishments in his first two years:
*McDaniel, Ronna (January 20, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/rnc-chairwoman-ronna-mcdaniel-trump-has-delivered-two-historic-years-of-promises-made-promises-kept RNC Chairwoman Ronna McDaniel: Trump has delivered two historic years of promises made, promises kept]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 20, 2019.
*Glassner, Michael (January 20, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/trump-has-survived-a-coordinated-campaign-to-defy-him-two-years-later-hes-achieved-much-of-his-agenda Trump has survived a coordinated campaign to defy him – Two years later he's achieved much of his agenda]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 20, 2019.
*Herman, Arthur (January 20, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/trump-at-the-halfway-mark-how-will-history-judge-our-unconventional-president Trump at the halfway mark: How will history judge our unconventional president?] ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 20, 2019.
*Thiessen, Marc (January 2, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/marc-thiessen-trumps-10-most-surprising-successes-after-two-years-in-office Marc Thiessen: Trump's 10 most surprising successes after two years in office]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 22, 2019.
See also:
*Toma, Danny (February 14, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/op-eds/how-to-understand-america-first How to understand 'America First']. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved February 14, 2019.
*Howell, Tom (March 7, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/mar/7/donald-trump-finds-being-president-harder-being-bu/ Trump finds governing harder than it looks: 'As a businessman he could negotiate']. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved March 8, 2019.
*Adelmann, Bob (May 13, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/32258-trump-5-democrats-0 Trump 5, Democrats 0: So Far, Trump Is Doing What He Needs to Do to Get Reelected]. ''The New American''. Retrieved May 13, 2019.
*Gorrie, James (May 21, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/resurgent-us-will-lead-21st-century_2930838.html Resurgent US Will Lead 21st Century]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
*Cuthbertson, Charlotte (June 20, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/trump-supporters-want-president-to-keep-doing-what-hes-doing_2971473.html Trump Supporters Want President to Keep Doing What He’s Doing]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved June 20, 2019.
*Pollak, Joel B. (June 21, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/2020-election/2019/06/21/blue-state-blues-if-trump-is-so-bad-why-do-democrats-need-radical-policies/ Blue State Blues: If Trump Is So Bad, Why Do Democrats Need Radical Policies to Win?] ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 21, 2019.</ref> and he continued advancing conservative policies.<ref>Multiple references:
*Hillyer, Quin (March 27, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/trumps-executive-actions-advance-good-government Trump’s executive actions advance good government]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved March 27, 2019.
*Gesiotto, Madison (June 3, 2019). [https://thehill.com/opinion/white-house/446695-donald-trump-earns-presidential-image-through-successful-policy Donald Trump earns presidential image through successful policy]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
*Mansour, Rebecca (October 4, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/10/04/mansour-while-democrats-pursue-impeachment-president-trump-builds-impressive-record-of-accomplishments/ Mansour: While Democrats Pursue Impeachment, President Trump Builds Impressive Record of Accomplishments]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved October 4, 2019.
*Lummis, Cynthia (December 1, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/12/01/exclusive-cynthia-lummis-disruptor-in-chief-donald-trump-has-changed-washington-for-the-better/ Exclusive–Cynthia Lummis: Disruptor-in-Chief Donald Trump Has Changed Washington for the Better]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 1, 2019.
*Blitzer, Ronn (December 16, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/on-cusp-of-impeachment-trump-ends-year-with-spree-of-accomplishments On cusp of impeachment, Trump ends year with spree of accomplishments]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved December 16, 2019.
*Bush, Daniel (June 19, 2019). [https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/where-president-trump-stands-on-the-issues-in-2020 Where President Trump stands on the issues in 2020]. ''PBS News''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Drucker, David M. (December 23, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/campaigns/it-hasnt-stopped-him-trump-rolls-up-wins-even-as-impeachment-grips-washington 'It hasn't stopped him': Trump racks up wins, even as impeachment grips Washington]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved December 23, 2019.
*Harper, Jennifer (December 26, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/26/inside-the-beltway-trump-victories-a-year-end-revi/ True Trump victories: A year-end review]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 26, 2019.
*Head, Timothy (December 28, 2019). [https://thehill.com/opinion/civil-rights/476122-lets-remember-the-real-gifts-the-president-has-given-america Let's remember the real gifts the president has given America]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved December 28, 2019.
*Ryskind, Allan H. (December 31, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/31/is-donald-trump-profoundly-unconservative/ Is Donald Trump 'profoundly unconservative'?] ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 31, 2019.
*Starr, Penny (January 1, 2020). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2020/01/01/seven-trump-administration-america-first-wins-in-2019/ Seven Trump Administration America First Wins in 2019]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
*[https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/president-donald-j-trump-delivered-record-breaking-results-american-people-first-three-years-office/ President Donald J. Trump Has Delivered Record Breaking Results For The American People In His First Three Years In Office]. ''The White House''. December 31, 2029. Retrieved January 4, 2020.
Regarding President Trump keeping his campaign promises:
*Spiering, Charlie (November 4, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/11/04/fact-check-pete-buttigieg-claims-donald-trump-broken-every-promise-that-hes-made/ Fact Check: Pete Buttigieg Claims Donald Trump Has ‘Broken Every Promise that He’s Made’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 4, 2019.
*Bedard, Paul (December 31, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/washington-secrets/exclusive-trump-list-shows-319-results-and-promises-kept-in-three-years Exclusive: Trump list shows 319 'results' and promises kept in three years]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved December 31, 2019.
See also:
*Pollak, Joel B. (March 24, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/03/24/pollak-democrats-embrace-socialism-have-moved-left-because-trump-has-seized-the-middle-ground/ Pollak: Democrats Embrace Socialism Because Trump Has Seized the Middle Ground]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
*Knowles, Michael (March 10, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/trump-is-more-principled-than-his-critics-on-left-and-right Trump is more principled than his critics on left and right]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved March 10, 2019.
*Bedard, Paul (July 22, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/washington-secrets/jared-kushner-weve-turned-the-battleship-making-serious-progress Jared Kushner: 'We've turned the battleship, making serious progress']. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved July 22, 2019.
*Hilton, Steve (July 22, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/steve-hilton-what-substance-and-facts-reveal-about-trump-and-his-populist-revolution Steve Hilton: What substance and facts reveal about Trump and his populist revolution]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved July 22, 2019.
*Lucey, Catherine; Restuccia, Andrew (July 28, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-sees-week-of-largely-positive-news-but-there-may-be-speed-bumps-ahead-11564340764 String of Wins Lift Trump]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved July 28, 2019.
*Baker, Sam (August 20, 2019). [https://www.axios.com/trump-health-care-economy-immigration-2020-election-3128368a-beb9-4bc9-855c-a46abb1d833c.html Trump's shaky policy legacy]. ''Axios''. Retrieved August 20, 2019.
*Spiering, Charlie (August 26, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/08/26/donald-trump-i-do-nothing-for-politics-i-do-whats-right/ Donald Trump: ‘I Do Nothing for Politics, I Do What’s Right’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved August 26, 2019.
*Hilton, Steve (August 26, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/trump-real-populist-facts-democrats-steve-hilton Steve Hilton: Trump is the real populist. Those are the facts. Democrats are not even close]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved August 26, 2019.
*Hanson, Victor Davis (September 19, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/victor-davis-hanson-trumps-culture-war Victor Davis Hanson: Trump wages war on progressive culture – Dems respond with Trump Derangement Syndrome]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved September 20, 2019.
*Hanson, Victor Davis (September 19, 2019). [https://www.nationalreview.com/2019/09/donald-trump-wages-war-against-progressive-culture/ Trump’s Total Culture War]. ''National Review''. Retrieved September 26, 2019.
*Poor, Jeff (October 1, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/10/01/jeff-sessions-applauds-trump-on-trade-immigration-foreign-policy-republican-leadership-needs-to-get-their-back-up/ Jeff Sessions Applauds Trump on Trade, Immigration, Foreign Policy — ‘Republican Leadership Needs to Get Their Back Up’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved October 2, 2019.
*Haq, Masooma (October 2, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/ousted-attorney-general-jeff-sessions-still-supports-trump_3104354.html Ousted Attorney General Jeff Sessions Still Supports Trump]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved October 2, 2019.
*Klar, Rebecca (October 2, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/464154-sessions-says-he-still-supports-trump-despite-ouster-as-ag Sessions says he still supports Trump despite ouster as AG]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
*Brewer, Jack (October 19, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/trump-policies-loved-liberals-ex-nfl-jack-brewer Ex-NFL star Jack Brewer: Why Trump policies are secretly loved by most liberals (even if they won’t admit it)]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
*Freking, Kevin (October 19, 2019). [https://www.apnews.com/25ca8d3b39024f9e828df7ebeb718274 Trump outstripping Obama on pace of executive orders]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved October 19, 2019.
*Daniels, Fletch (October 25, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/opinion/what-would-america-look-like-if-hillary-clinton-had-won-in-2016 What would America look like if Hillary Clinton had won in 2016]. ''LifeSiteNews'' (from the ''American Thinker''). Retrieved October 25, 2019.
*Schlichter, Kurt (November 4, 2019). [https://townhall.com/columnists/kurtschlichter/2019/11/04/trump-is-derailing-the-elites-gravy-train-n2555787 Trump Is Derailing The Elite’s Gravy Train]. ''Townhall''. Retrieved November 5, 2019.
*Bedard, Paul (November 22, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/washington-secrets/historian-trump-one-of-americas-great-presidents-impeachment-no-scar Historian: Trump ‘one of America’s great presidents,’ impeachment no ‘scar’]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved November 22, 2019.
*Harper, Jennifer (November 25, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/nov/25/inside-the-beltway-republicans-warm-to-trump-style/ A new skill: Republicans warm to Trump-style 'winning']. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 25, 2019.
*Mackenzie, Melissa (November 25, 2019). [https://spectator.org/why-republicans-wont-abandon-donald-trump/ Why Republicans Won’t Abandon Trump]. ''The American Spectator''. Retrieved November 25, 2019.
*Harper, Jennifer (December 3, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/3/inside-the-beltway-historian-trump-is-transforming/ Historian: Trump is transforming the presidency]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 3, 2019.
*Navarro, Peter (December 14, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/peter-navarro-a-very-good-week-for Peter Navarro: Trump wins major victories in China and USMCA trade deals, defense spending and Space Force]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved December 14, 2019.
*Poor, Jeff (December 16, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/clips/2019/12/15/sessions-touts-substantial-pushback-against-the-deep-state-under-trump/ Sessions Touts ‘Substantial Pushback’ Against Deep State Under Trump — ‘One Unified Executive Under the Constitution’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 16, 2019.
*Delingpole, James (December 25, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/europe/2019/12/25/delingpole-boris-johnson-and-donald-trump-have-made-christmas-great-again/ Delingpole: Boris Johnson and Donald Trump Have Made Christmas Great Again]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 25, 2019.
*Stein, Jeff (December 27, 2019). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/12/27/trumps-quest-shatter-gop-economics-reached-its-culmination/ Trump’s quest to shatter GOP economics reached its culmination in 2019]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved December 27, 2019.
*Boyle, Matthew (December 30, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/12/30/trumps-working-class-agenda-remaking-gop-in-economic-nationalist-mold/ Trump’s Working Class Agenda Remaking GOP in Economic Nationalist Mold]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 30, 2019.
*Bossie, David N. (December 31, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/david-bossie-trump-perseveres-in-2019-stands-tall-despite-relentless-attacks-from-democrats-and-media David Bossie: Trump perseveres in 2019 — stands tall despite relentless attacks from Democrats and media]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved December 31, 2019.
*Pollak, Joel B. (December 31, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/2020-election/2019/12/31/pollak-welcome-to-2020-the-year-of-the-good-fight/ Pollak: Welcome to 2020, the Year of the Good Fight]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
*McEnany, Kayleigh (January 1, 2020). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/kayleigh-mcenany-trump-winning-democrats-whining-president-achieved-in-2019-despite-obstruction Kayleigh McEnany: Trump winning, Democrats whining — president achieved in 2019 despite obstruction]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
*Lucey, Catherine (January 1, 2020). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/trumps-tumultuous-year-from-policy-wins-to-impeachment-11577883601 Trump’s Tumultuous Year, From Policy Wins to Impeachment]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
*Means, Grady (January 1, 2020). [https://thehill.com/opinion/white-house/476330-trump-is-the-20-20-vision-for-2020 Trump is the 20/20 vision for 2020]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
*Cohen, Adriana (January 4, 2020). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/trump-2020-truth-decade-adriana-cohen Adriana Cohen: Trump and 2020 – Here's the surprising truth about our president at the start of new decade]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 5, 2020.</ref> His policies led to much progress for blacks, homosexuals, Jews,<ref>Pollak, Joel B. (February 22, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/entertainment/2019/02/22/blue-state-blues-trump-is-the-most-progressive-president-ever-for-blacks-gays-jews/ Blue State Blues: Trump Is the Most ‘Progressive’ President Ever for Blacks, Gays, Jews]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved February 22, 2019. See also:
*Nolte, John (May 20, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/05/20/academic-study-shows-donald-trump-made-america-less-racist/ Nolte: Academic Study Shows Donald Trump Has Made America Less Racist]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 20, 2019.
*Binder, John (August 15, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/08/15/gay-republican-group-endorses-trump-he-has-followed-through-on-many-of-his-commitments/ Gay Republican Group Endorses Trump: He Has ‘Followed Through on Many of His Commitments’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
*Manchester, Julia (August 16, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/457680-log-cabin-republicans-endorse-trump Log Cabin Republicans endorse Trump]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
*Vogt, Bailey (August 16, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/aug/16/lgbtq-republican-group-endorses-trump-2020/ LGBTQ Republican group endorses Trump for 2020]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
*Harper, Jennifer (August 16, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/aug/16/conservative-lgbtq-republican-group-endorses-donal/ Conservative LGBTQ Republican group endorses Trump for reelection]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
*Pollak, Joel B. (September 13, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/economy/2019/09/13/blue-state-blues-trump-proves-growth-not-redistribution-helps-black-americans/ Blue State Blues: Trump Proves Growth, Not Redistribution, Helps Black Americans]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 13, 2019.
*Kraychik, Robert (September 13, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/radio/2019/09/13/jaron-smith-how-trumps-policies-help-blacks-achieve-american-dream/ Ja’Ron Smith: How Trump’s Policies Help Blacks Achieve American Dream]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 13, 2019.
*Kirk, Charlie (October 12, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/charlie-kirk-black-americans-great Charlie Kirk: Trump has improved lives of black Americans and deserves their support]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved October 12, 2019.
*Prudhome, Chris (October 13, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/chris-prudhome-dont-believe-dem-lies-trump-is-not-a-racist-and-his-policies-have-benefited-black-people Chris Prudhome: Don’t believe Dem lies – Trump is NOT a racist and his policies have benefited black people]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved October 13, 2019.
*Kraychik, Robert (December 19, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/radio/2019/12/19/paris-dennard-donald-trump-embraced-black-community/ Paris Dennard: Donald Trump ‘Embraced the Black Community’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Baker, Trent (December 29, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/clips/2019/12/29/cbss-major-garrett-can-be-fairly-said-trump-has-done-a-lot-for-blacks/ CBS’s Major Garrett: ‘Can Be Fairly Said’ Trump Has Done a Lot for Blacks]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 30, 2019.
*Pollak, Joel B. (December 31, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/entertainment/2019/12/31/roseanne-barr-trump-is-protecting-the-jews/ Roseanne Barr: Trump is Protecting American Jews]. 'Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 31, 2019.
*Berry, Susan (January 4, 2020). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2020/01/04/five-signs-black-americans-are-awakening-to-a-break-with-the-democrat-party/ Five Signs Black Americans Are ‘Awakening’ to a Break with the Democrat Party]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 5, 2020.</ref> and Hispanics.<ref>Multiple references:
*McDaniel, Ronna (September 13, 2019). [https://www.univision.com/univision-news/opinion/the-hispanic-community-has-made-historic-gains-during-the-trump-administration The Hispanic community has made historic gains during the Trump Administration]. ''Univision News''. Retrieved September 14, 2019.
*Nuñez, Jeanette (September 24, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/trumps-actions-lefts-beliefs-about-latino-voters-jeanette-nunez Florida Lt. Gov. Jeanette Nuñez: Trump's actions vs. the left's mistaken beliefs about Latino voters]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved September 24, 2019.
*Schlapp, Mercedes, (October 10, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/trump-hispanic-voters-economy-democrats-mercedes-schlapp Mercedes Schlapp: Trump has given Hispanic voters a booming economy. Dems shouldn't count on their support]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved October 12, 2019.
*Munro, Neil (November 4, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/11/04/univision-host-stuns-tom-perez-trump-economy/ Univision Stumps DNC’s Tom Perez: How Can Dems Compete with Trump’s Record-Low Hispanic Unemployment?] ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 5, 2019.</ref> President Trump had made much progress by his 1,000th day in office,<ref>Pollak, Joel B. (October 17, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/10/17/president-donald-trump-reaches-1000-days-in-office/ President Donald Trump Reaches 1,000 Days in Office]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved October 17, 2019.</ref> and he continued making conservative reforms in 2020.<ref>Hilton, Steve (January 13, 2020). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/gop-establishment-trump-revolution-steve-hilton Steve Hilton: The GOP establishment is dead, thanks to the Trump Revolution. And that's fantastic news]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 13, 2020.</ref>

{|
|bgcolor=yellow|    Please visit the sub-articles below to see President Trump's individual achievements, arranged by topic area.
|}

===Religious liberty and LGBT===
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: Religious liberty and LGBT]]''

===Veterans===
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: Veterans]]''

===Criminal justice, law enforcement, and other DOJ matters===
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: Criminal justice, law enforcement, and other DOJ matters]]''

===Healthcare, welfare, and other social issues===
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: Healthcare, welfare, and other social issues]]''

===Abortion===
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: Abortion]]''

===Gun rights===
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: Gun rights]]''

===Immigration and border security===
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: Immigration and border security]]''

===Education===
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: Education]]''

===Energy and environmental policy===
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: Energy and environmental policy]]''

===Economic policy and labor===
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: Economic policy and labor]]''

===Trade policy===
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: Trade policy]]''

===Foreign policy===
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: Foreign policy]]''

===Deregulation and government size===
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: Deregulation and government size]]''

===Military, national security, and anti-terrorism===
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: Military, national security, and anti-terrorism]]''

===Miscellaneous achievements===
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: Miscellaneous achievements]]''

== Donald Trump's achievements: The courts ==
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: The courts]]''

== Donald Trump vs. the media and champions of political correctness==
:''See: [[Donald Trump achievements: Media and political correctness]]''

==Opposition to Donald Trump's achievements==
:''Main article: [[Opposition to Donald Trump]]''
Because of his promotion and support of conservative, [[America First]]<ref>Spiering, Charlie (April 4, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/04/04/donald-trump-to-american-workers-im-not-and-i-dont-want-to-be-the-president-of-the-world/ Donald Trump to American Workers: ‘I’m Not, and I Don’t Want to Be, the President of the World’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 5, 2017. See also:
*Spiering, Charlie (October 17, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/10/17/donald-trump-foreign-countries-like-greece-nervous-about-america-first-agenda/ Donald Trump: Foreign Countries Like Greece ‘Nervous’ About ‘America First’ Agenda]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved October 18, 2017.</ref> policies, President Trump faced unprecedented opposition from the [[Liberal|Left]] and the [[establishment]],<ref>Multiple references:
*Klein, Aaron (April 28, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/04/28/trumps-first-100-days-establishment-goes-to-war-to-halt-presidents-agenda/ Trump’s First 100 Days: Establishment Goes to War to Halt President’s Agenda]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 28, 2017.
*Miller, S.A. (June 20, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/jun/20/donald-trumps-isolation-cripples-agenda/ Isolated from Washington establishment, Trump struggles for presidential victories]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved June 21, 2017.
*Scarborough, Rowan (December 9, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/dec/9/donald-trump-besieged-presidential-harassment/ 'Presidential harassment': Trump under unprecedented attack on multiple fronts]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 9, 2018.
*Hilton, Steve (January 21, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/steve-hilton-trump-is-daring-to-clean-up-the-establishments-biggest-messes-and-they-hate-him-for-it Steve Hilton: Trump is daring to clean up the establishment's biggest messes – and they hate him for it]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 21, 2019.
*Strassel, Kimberley A. (October 14, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/kimberley-strassel-trump-haters-breaking-america Kimberley Strassel: How Trump-haters are breaking America (Hint: It begins with THIS)]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved October 14, 2019.
*Strassel, Kimberley (2019). [https://www.amazon.com/Resistance-At-All-Costs-Breaking/dp/1538701774 ''Resistance (At All Costs): How Trump Haters Are Breaking America'']. New York: Hatchette Book Group. ISBN 9781538701775.
*Marcus, Lloyd (October 25, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/opinion/the-left-hopes-to-purge-conservatism-from-america-starting-with-donald-trump The left hopes to purge conservatism from America, starting with Donald Trump]. ''LifeSiteNews'' (from the ''American Thinker''). Retrieved October 25, 2019.
Specifically from retired military generals:
*Wolfgang, Ben (January 6, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/jan/6/donald-trump-generals-blur-political-military-line/ Trump on unprecedented collision course with retired military commanders: 'It's not normal']. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved January 7, 2019.
Statements by Attorney General Bill Barr related to this matter:
*Dedaj, Paulina (November 16, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/attorney-general-barr-left-systemic-sabotage Attorney General Barr accuses the left of systemic 'sabotage' of Trump administration]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
*Kan, Janita (November 16, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/barr-says-democrats-courts-are-engaged-in-efforts-to-cripple-presidential-power_3148046.html Barr Says Democrats, Courts Are Engaged in Efforts to Cripple Presidential Power]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
*Mallin, Alexander (November 15, 2019). [https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/attorney-general-barr-defends-trump-assails-resistance-fiery/story?id=67057256 Attorney General Barr defends Trump, assails 'Resistance' in fiery speech to conservative lawyers]. ''ABC News''. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
*Strohm, Chris (November 15, 2019). [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-11-16/barr-attacks-trump-opponents-democrats-in-fiery-speech Barr Attacks Trump Opponents, Democrats in Fiery Speech]. ''Bloomberg''. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
*Margolis, Matt (November 16, 2019). [https://pjmedia.com/trending/attorney-general-barr-shreds-the-political-left-during-federalist-society-speech/ Attorney General Barr Shreds The Political Left During Federalist Society Speech]. ''PJ Media''. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
*Yilek, Caitlin (November 16, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/barr-accuses-democrats-of-using-every-tool-to-sabotage-trump Barr accuses Democrats of 'using every tool' to 'sabotage' Trump]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
*Gurman, Sadie (November 15, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/barr-says-democrats-are-trying-to-weaken-presidential-power-11573868752 Barr Says Democrats Are Trying to Weaken Presidential Power]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
*Benner, Katie (November 15, 2019). [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/15/us/politics/barr-impeachment.html Barr Suggests Impeachment Inquiry Undermines Voters’ Intent]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
*Rodriguez, Katherine (November 16, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/11/16/attorney-general-william-barr-accuses-democrats-of-sabotaging-trump-administration/ Attorney General William Barr Accuses Democrats of ‘Sabotaging’ Trump Administration]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
*Axelrod, Tal (November 16, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/470783-barr-defends-trumps-use-of-executive-authority-slams-impeachment Barr defends Trump's use of executive authority, slams impeachment hearings]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
*Scarborough, Rowan (November 16, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/nov/16/attorney-general-barr-indicts-progressives-anti-tr/ Attorney General Barr blasts progressives' anti-Trump 'resistance']. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
*Vadum, Matthew (November 17, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/barr-criticizes-incendiary-idea-of-resistance-defends-trumps-use-of-executive-power_3149044.html Barr Criticizes ‘Incendiary’ Idea of ‘Resistance,’ Defends Trump’s Use of Executive Power]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved November 17, 2019.
*Knowles, Hannah (November 16, 2019). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/11/16/attorney-general-barr-accuses-democrats-using-oversight-powers-try-cripple-executive-branch/ Attorney General Barr accuses Democrats of ‘war’ on Trump in speech decried as partisan]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved November 18, 2019.
*Freiburger, Calvin (November 18, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/trump-attorney-general-warns-of-collateral-consequences-of-democrat-harassment Trump attorney general warns of ‘collateral consequences’ of Democrat ‘harassment’]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved November 18, 2019.
*Rivkin Jr., David B.; Grossman, Andrew (December 24, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/barrs-loyalty-is-to-the-constitution-not-a-party-11577229447 Barr’s Loyalty Is to the Constitution, Not a Party]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved December 26, 2019.
See also:
*Rogers, Norman (May 24, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/opinion/donald-trump-makes-americas-democrat-ruling-class-panic-heres-why Donald Trump makes America’s Democrat ruling class panic. Here’s why]. ''LifeSiteNews'' (from the ''American Thinker''). Retrieved May 25, 2019.
*MacKinnon, Douglas (November 16, 2019). [https://thehill.com/opinion/white-house/470208-resistance-or-unhinged-behavior-partisan-hatred-reaches-trumps-family Resistance or unhinged behavior? Partisan hatred reaches Trump's family]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
*Vaughn, Russ (December 6, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/opinion/trump-impeachment-effort-is-about-more-than-just-protecting-obama-and-clinton Trump impeachment effort is about more than just protecting Obama and Clinton]. ''LifeSiteNews'' (from the ''American Thinker''). Retrieved December 7, 2019.
*Herston, Don (December 10, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/opinion/why-the-elites-really-hate-trump Why the elites really hate Trump]. ''LifeSiteNews'' (from the ''American Thinker''). Retrieved December 10, 2019.
*Hanson, Victor Davis (December 11, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/11/is-president-trump-the-only-adult-in-the-room/ Is Trump the only adult in the room?] ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 11, 2019.</ref> including from within the government bureaucracy.<ref>Multiple references:
*Singman, Brooke (January 31, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/01/31/trump-faces-bureaucratic-battle-in-implementing-agenda.html Trump faces bureaucratic battle in implementing agenda]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
*Kurtz, Howard (February 3, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/02/03/empire-strikes-back-why-trumps-private-talks-with-foreign-leaders-were-leaked.html The empire strikes back: Why Trump's private talks with foreign leaders were leaked]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved February 3, 2017.
*Starr, Penny (December 19, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/12/19/bureaucrats-continue-advance-obama-agenda/ Federal Bureaucrats Continue to Advance Obama’s Agenda, Including Climate Change Promotion]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
*Newman, Alex (January 8, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/print-magazine/item/27864-deep-state-bureaucracy-vs-trump-america-constitution Deep State Bureaucracy vs. Trump, America, Constitution]. ''The New American''. Retrieved January 9, 2018.
*Rogers, Brian (September 13, 2017). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/obama-holdovers-are-slowing-trumps-agenda-in-key-agencies/article/2634324 Obama holdovers are slowing Trump's agenda in key agencies]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
*Gallington, Daniel (June 7, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/jun/7/donald-trump-agenda-hampered-by-obama-holdovers-di/ Loyalty matters]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
*Pollock, Richard; Barton, Ethan (August 14, 2017). [https://dailycaller.com/2017/08/14/exclusive-obama-holdovers-still-in-dozens-of-key-national-security-council-jobs/ EXCLUSIVE: Obama Holdovers Still In Dozens Of Key National Security Council Jobs]. ''The Daily Caller''. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
*Garcia, Carlos (November 17, 2017). [https://www.theblaze.com/news/2017/11/17/ice-union-says-obama-holdovers-are-sabotaging-immigration-enforcement-heres-how ICE union says Obama holdovers are sabotaging immigration enforcement, here’s how]. ''The Blaze''. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
*Anderson, Troy (February 21, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/print-magazine/item/31393-trump-vs-deep-state Trump vs. Deep State]. ''The New American''. Retrieved February 21, 2019.
*Richwine, Jason (February 19, 2019). [https://www.nationalreview.com/2019/02/bureaucrats-civil-service-veto-presidential-policies/ When Bureaucrats Veto the President]. ''National Review''. Retrieved February 21, 2019.
*Gertz, Bill (April 18, 2019). [https://freebeacon.com/national-security/u-s-intelligence-institutionally-politicized-toward-democrats/ U.S. Intelligence Institutionally Politicized Toward Democrats]. ''The Washington Free Beacon''. Retrieved April 20, 2019.
*Church, Nate (April 19, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/19/former-cia-analyst-u-s-intelligence-may-be-biased-toward-democrats/ Former CIA Analyst: U.S. Intelligence May Be ‘Biased’ Toward Democrats]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 20, 2019.
*Murphy, James (April 22, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/32075-left-wing-leanings-of-the-u-s-intelligence-community-exposed Left-wing Leanings of the U.S. Intelligence Community Exposed]. ''The New American''. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
*A. Gentry, John. (2019). [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332996043_Truth_as_a_Tool_of_the_Politicization_of_Intelligence "Truth" as a Tool of the Politicization of Intelligence]. ''International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence''. 32. 217–247. 10.1080/08850607.2019.1565265.
*Plott, Elaina (May 15, 2019). [https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2019/05/trump-aides-ignore-president/589489/ Ignoring Trump’s Orders, Hoping He’ll Forget]. ''The Atlantic''. Retrieved May 15, 2019.
*Kloster, Andrew (July 9, 2019). [https://cis.org/Why-HUD-Attacking-Its-Own-Proposed-Rule-Bar-Illegal-Aliens-Housing-Assistance Why Is HUD Attacking Its Own Proposed Rule to Bar Illegal Aliens from Housing Assistance?] ''Center for Immigration Studies''. Retrieved July 9, 2019.
*Morris, Kyle (July 30, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/07/30/department-of-defense-spokeswoman-under-fire-for-criticism-of-trump/ Department of Defense Spokeswoman Under Fire for Criticism of Trump]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 30, 2019.
*Cheong, Ian Miles (August 1, 2019). [https://humanevents.com/2019/08/01/dod-spokeswoman-elissa-smith-undermines-president-trump/ DOD Spokeswoman Elissa Smith Undermines President Trump.] ''Human Events''. Retrieved August 1, 2019.
*Kirkwood, R. Cort (September 30, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/33536-spy-bureaucracy-changed-whistleblower-rules-to-allow-hearsay Spy Bureaucracy Changed Whistleblower Rules To Allow Hearsay]. ''The New American''. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
*Pentchoukov, Ivan (September 30, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/trump-asks-who-changed-whistleblower-rules-before-submittal-of-fake-whistleblower-report_3101151.html Trump Asks Who Changed Whistleblower Rules Before Submittal of ‘Fake Whistleblower Report’]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved October 1, 2019.
*Pollak, Joel B. (October 3, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/the-media/2019/10/03/fact-check-whistleblower-rules/ Fact Check: ‘Rules’ May Not Have Changed, But Whistleblower Form Did]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
*Davis, Sean (September 27, 2019). [https://thefederalist.com/2019/09/27/intel-community-secretly-gutted-requirement-of-first-hand-whistleblower-knowledge/ Intel Community Secretly Gutted Requirement Of First-Hand Whistleblower Knowledge]. ''The Federalist''. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
*Lee, Matthew (October 20, 2019). [https://www.apnews.com/e8d683da132d4250b0af220f56c38389 Frustrated US diplomats fight back in impeachment probe]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
*Toosi, Nahal (October 20, 2019). [https://www.politico.com/news/2019/10/20/state-department-trump-051564 The revenge of the State Department]. ''Politico''. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
*Poor, Jeff (October 22, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/clips/2019/10/22/fncs-ingraham-who-are-these-deep-state-state-department-types-heading-into-the-hill-to-testify/ FNC’s Ingraham: ‘Who Are These ‘Deep State’ State Department Types Heading into the Hill to Testify?’] ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved October 23, 2019.
*DeRensis, Hunter (October 23, 2019). [https://nationalinterest.org/feature/blob-strikes-back-90471 The Blob Strikes Back]. ''The National Interest''. Retrieved October 23, 2019.
*Re, Gregg; Herridge, Catherine (October 23, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/whistleblower-acknowledged-additional-layer-of-potential-anti-trump-bias-sources-say Whistleblower acknowledged additional element of potential anti-Trump bias, sources say]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved October 23, 2019.
*Baker, Peter; Jakes, Lara; Barnes, Julian E.; LaFraniere, Sharon; Wong, Edward (October 23, 2019). [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/23/us/politics/trump-deep-state-impeachment.html Trump’s War on the ‘Deep State’ Turns Against Him]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved October 24, 2019.
*Merry, Robert W. (October 28, 2019). [https://www.theamericanconservative.com/articles/new-york-times-confirms-its-trump-versus-the-deep-state/ New York Times Confirms: It’s Trump Versus the Deep State]. ''The American Conservative''. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
*Kirkwood, R. Cort (October 31, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/33896-whistleblower-outed-he-s-an-anti-trump-democrat-connected-to-forgotten-collusion-of-2016 Whistleblower Outed: He’s an Anti-Trump Democrat Connected to Forgotten Collusion of 2016]. ''The New American''. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
*DeRensis, Hunter (October 30, 2019). [https://nationalinterest.org/feature/foreign-policy-blob-versus-trump-92326 The Foreign Policy Blob Versus Trump]. ''The National Interest''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Hemingway, Mark (November 1, 2019). [https://thefederalist.com/2019/11/01/donald-trump-versus-the-interagency-consensus/ Donald Trump Versus ‘The Interagency Consensus’]. ''The Federalist''. Retrieved November 4, 2019.
*Bigley, Sean M. (May 1, 2018). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-deep-state-weaponizes-vetting-of-trump-appointees-1525215143 The Deep State Weaponizes Vetting of Trump Appointees]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
*Wong, Kristina (May 17, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/05/17/trump-under-siege-more-than-60-percent-of-nsc-employees-placed-by-obama/ Trump Under Siege: More than 60 Percent of NSC Employees Placed by Obama]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
*Scarborough, Rowan (November 12, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/nov/12/obama-national-security-council-detailees-led-trum/ 'Booby-trapped': Obama 'detailees' led Trump opposition on National Security Council]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 12, 2019.
*DeRensis, Hunter (November 19, 2019). [https://nationalinterest.org/feature/impeachment-exposing-crimes-or-policy-differences-97802 Is Impeachment Exposing Crimes or Policy Differences?] ''The National Interest''. Retrieved November 20, 2019.
*Hanson, Victor Davis (November 21, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/victor-davis-hanson-coup-concerns Victor Davis Hanson: Fear of a deep state coup is not just right-wing paranoia]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved November 21, 2019.
*Hanson, Victor Davis (November 21, 2019). [https://townhall.com/columnists/victordavishanson/2019/11/21/coup-concerns-suddenly-dont-seem-so-farfetched-n2556771 'Coup' Concerns Suddenly Don't Seem So Far-fetched]. ''Townhall''. Retrieved November 21, 2019.
*Grant, Rebecca (November 27, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/rebecca-grant-fired-navy-secretarys-actions-prove-a-deep-state-anti-trump-resistance-exists-at-pentagon Rebecca Grant: Fired Navy secretary’s actions prove a ‘deep state’ anti-Trump ‘resistance’ exists at Pentagon]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved November 27, 2019.
*Wolfgang, Ben (December 1, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/1/trump-sees-military-orders-modified-syria-afghanis/ Military slow-walk or 'deep state' defiance?: Trump sees direct orders modified]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 1, 2019.
*Scarborough, Rowan (December 4, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/4/michael-horowitz-report-follows-extensive-fbi-misc/ 'Dirty cops': FBI leaves trail of lies, leaks, lapses in Trump era]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
*McNicoll, Brian (December 6, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/16/deep-state-lawsuits-from-trumps-department-of-labo/ Deep state lawsuits from Trump's Department of Labor]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 16, 2019.
*Tapscott, Mark (December 31, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/fec-data-show-most-department-of-justice-employees-gave-to-liberal-groups-clinton_3190241.html FEC Data Show Most Department of Justice Employees Gave to Liberal Groups, Clinton]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved December 31, 2019.
*Tapscott, Mark (January 2, 2020). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/dod-homeland-security-employees-donated-to-clinton-over-trump-by-big-margin_3192017.html DOD, Homeland Security Employees Donated to Clinton Over Trump by Wide Margin]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved January 2, 2020.
See also:
*Wood, L. Todd (May 9, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/may/9/state-department-should-be-investigated-too-for-ac/ Foggy Bottom should be investigated too, for actions overseas]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved May 20, 2019.
*Carlson, Tucker (October 4, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/tucker-carlson-trump-intelligence-agencies-crime-punished Tucker Carlson: Trump refused to bow to the intelligence agencies and for that crime he was punished]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved October 4, 2019.
*Adams, Becket (October 23, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/worst-thing-about-the-trump-era-journalists-are-doing-nonstop-pr-for-the-intelligence-community Worst thing about the Trump era: Journalists are doing nonstop PR for the intelligence community]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved October 24, 2019.
*Pollak, Joel B. (October 30, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/10/30/more-leaked-impeachment-testimony-points-to-policy-disagreements/ More Leaked ‘Impeachment’ Testimony Points to Policy Disagreements]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved October 30, 2019.
*Caplan, Joshua (October 31, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/10/31/former-cia-acting-director-on-impeachment-inquiry-thank-god-for-the-deep-state/ Former CIA Acting Director on Impeachment Inquiry: ‘Thank God for the Deep State’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
*Brest, Mike (November 1, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/thank-god-for-the-deep-state-former-cia-chief-says-anti-trump-forces-responding-to-a-higher-call ‘Thank God for the deep state’: Former CIA chief says anti-Trump forces ‘responding to a higher call’]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Scarborough, Rowan (November 10, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/nov/10/donald-trump-aides-fight-over-ukraine-policy/ NSC staffers reveal infighting over White House policy on Ukraine]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 10, 2019.
*Spiering, Charlie (November 19, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/11/19/alexander-vindman-emphasizes-loyalty-to-deep-state-government-interagency-during-testimony/ Alexander Vindman Emphasizes Loyalty to Deep State ‘Government Interagency’ During Testimony]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 19, 2019.
*Paul, Ron (November 25, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/reviews/opinion/item/34137-the-real-bombshell-of-the-impeachment-hearings The Real Bombshell of the Impeachment Hearings]. ''The New American''. Retrieved November 25, 2019.
*Harper, Jennifer (December 1, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/1/inside-the-beltway-update-trump-voters-and-the-dee/ Update: Trump voters and the 'deep state']. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 1, 2019.
*Smith, William S. (December 2, 2019). [https://www.theamericanconservative.com/articles/welcome-to-the-potemkin-village-of-washington-power/ Welcome to the Potemkin Village of Washington Power]. ''The American Conservative''. Retrieved December 2, 2019.
*Bovard, James (November 13, 2019). [https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2019/11/13/donald-trump-deep-state-ukraine-cia-nsa-state-department-column/2521881001/ As the deep state attacks Trump to rave media reviews, don't forget its dark side]. ''USA Today''. Retrieved December 2, 2019.
*[https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/crime/item/34205-alex-newman-target-of-intelligence-community-trump-you-behind-the-deep-state Target of "Intelligence" Community: Trump & You | Behind the Deep State]. ''The New American''. December 2, 2019. Retrieved December 2, 2019.
*Scarborough, Rowan (December 19, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/19/peter-strzok-ignored-christopher-steele-bias-fears/ 'Biased state of mind': Peter Strzok's fight to spy on Trump campaign]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Scarry, Eddie (December 20, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/fbi-spying-is-a-far-bigger-scandal-than-the-trump-impeachment FBI spying is a far bigger scandal than the Trump impeachment]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved December 23, 2019.
*[https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/crime/item/34482-alex-newman-intelligence-community-a-criminal-enterprise-behind-the-deep-state "Intelligence" Community: A Criminal Enterprise | Behind The Deep State]. ''The New American''. December 31, 2019. Retrieved December 31, 2019.
*Mastrangelo, Dominick (January 5, 2020). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/bloomberg-backed-group-accused-of-planting-anti-trump-lawyers-in-state-offices Bloomberg-backed group accused of planting anti-Trump lawyers in state offices]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved January 5, 2020.</ref> Even some White House officials worked against the president's agenda.<ref>Multiple references:
*Newman, Alex (September 6, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/29991-deep-state-mole-in-white-house-boasts-of-sabotaging-trump Deep State Mole in White House Boasts of Sabotaging Trump]. ''The New American''. Retrieved September 6, 2018.
*Chamberlain, Samuel (September 5, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2018/09/05/wh-official-pens-anonymous-ny-times-op-ed-calling-trump-anti-democratic-petty-and-ineffective.html WH official pens anonymous NY Times op-ed calling Trump 'anti-democratic,' 'petty and ineffective']. ''Fox News''. Retrieved September 6, 2018.
*Spiering, Charlie (September 6, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/09/06/deep-state-official-there-are-dozens-and-dozens-of-us/ Deep State Official: ‘There Are Dozens and Dozens of Us’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 6, 2018.
*Horing, Shoula Romano (September 5, 2017). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/opinion/an-ideological-coup-against-trump An Ideological Coup against Trump?] ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved March 24, 2018.
*Munro, Neil (February 19, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/02/19/seven-ways-marc-short-stalled-donald-trumps-immigration-reforms/ Seven Ways Marc Short Stalled Donald Trump’s Immigration Reforms]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved February 22, 2019.
*Binder, John (March 6, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2018/03/06/6-times-globalist-gary-cohn-tried-to-derail-trumps-america-first-agenda/ 6 Times Globalist Gary Cohn Tried to Derail Trump’s ‘America First’ Agenda]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved February 22, 2019.
*Wong, Kristina (August 15, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2017/08/15/exclusive-inside-general-mcmasters-purge-how-national-security-adviser-eliminated-trump-loyalists/ EXCLUSIVE–Inside General McMaster’s Purge: How National Security Adviser Eliminated Trump Loyalists]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved February 22, 2019.
*Jasper, William F. (January 2, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/27851-the-mcmaster-cabal-lead-operatives-in-the-deep-state-coup-effort-to-oust-trump The McMaster Cabal: Lead Operatives in the Deep State Coup Effort to Oust Trump]. ''The New American''. Retrieved February 22, 2019.
*Crilly, Rob (April 29, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/how-jim-mattis-played-trump-to-restrain-him-on-north-korea How Jim Mattis played Trump to restrain him on North Korea]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved April 29, 2019.
*Byas, Steve (November 11, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/34007-tillerson-and-kelly-tried-to-undermine-trump-haley-reveals-in-new-book Tillerson and Kelly Tried to Undermine Trump, Haley Reveals in New Book]. ''The New American''. Retrieved November 11, 2019.
*Pollak, Joel B. (November 10, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2019/11/10/nikki-haley-kelly-tillerson-tried-to-run-the-country-behind-trumps-back/ Nikki Haley: Kelly, Tillerson Tried to Run the Country Behind Trump’s Back]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 11, 2019.
*Phillips, Jack (November 10, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/nikki-haley-claims-tillerson-kelly-tried-to-recruit-her-to-save-the-country-by-undermining-trump_3142424.html Nikki Haley Claims Tillerson, Kelly Tried to Recruit Her to ‘Save the Country’ by Undermining Trump]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 11, 2019.
*Blitzer, Ronn (November 11, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/nikki-haley-reveals-tillerson-kelly-privately-discussed-resisting-trump-it-was-offensive Nikki Haley reveals Tillerson, Kelly privately discussed resisting Trump: ‘It was offensive’]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved November 11, 2019.
*Dibble, Madison (November 10, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/it-was-offensive-nikki-haley-claims-john-kelly-and-rex-tillerson-had-a-sidebar-plan-to-undermine-trump Nikki Haley claims Kelly and Tillerson asked her to help them ‘save the country’ from Trump]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved November 12, 2019.
Other examples:
*Newman, Alex (February 25, 2017). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/25475-some-of-trump-s-picks-have-troubling-links-to-globalism-cfr Some of Trump's Picks Have Troubling Links to Globalism, CFR]. ''The New American''. Retrieved January 1, 2018.
*Newman, Alex (June 2, 2017). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/world-news/north-america/item/26162-top-trump-officials-attend-globalist-bilderberg-summit-why Top Trump Officials Attend Globalist Bilderberg Summit. Why?] ''The New American''. Retrieved December 1, 2017.
*Jasper, William F. (December 29, 2017). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/27832-deep-state-boasts-we-re-sabotaging-trump-from-the-inside Deep State Boasts: We’re Sabotaging Trump From the Inside]. ''The New American''. Retrieved December 29, 2017.
*Wong, Kristina (September 7, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/09/07/deep-state-attacks-midterms-impeachment/ Deep State Attacks Ahead of Midterms: ‘All Roads Lead to Impeachment’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 7, 2018.
*Richardson, Valerie (December 4, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/4/will-happer-trump-advisers-too-nervous-about-polit/ Ex-Trump official: White House aides too 'nervous' about fallout to dispute 'climate crisis' claims]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 7, 2019.
*Delingpole, James (December 8, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/europe/2019/12/08/happer-trump-understands-climate-change-is-mostly-hype/ WATCH: Trump Science Advisor Happer Says President Understands Climate Change Is ‘Mostly Hype’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 8, 2019.
See also:
*Lieu, Amy (September 6, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2018/09/06/trump-digs-in-after-explosive-new-york-times-op-ed-vows-to-drain-swamp.html Trump digs in after explosive New York Times op-ed, vows to drain swamp]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved September 6, 2018.
*Samuels, Brett (September 6, 2018). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/405297-trump-hits-the-deep-state-the-left-and-the-media-in-aftermath-of Trump hits the 'deep state,' the 'left' and the media in wake of anonymous op-ed]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved September 6, 2018.
*Pollak, Joel B. (September 5, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/09/05/anonymous-new-york-times-opposite-patriotism/ Pollak: ‘Anonymous’ Op-ed in New York Times Is the Opposite of Patriotism]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 6, 2018.</ref> The Trump Administration was the victim of numerous leaks of information, many of which threatened U.S. national security – it was reported in July 2017 that leaks occurred once a day on average,<ref>Boylan, Dan (July 6, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/jul/6/donald-trump-target-of-leaks-at-rate-of-one-a-day/ White House leaks that threaten national security stream out at rate of one a day]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved July 7, 2017.</ref> and Trump faced seven times more leaks than Obama or Bush II did.<ref>Wong, Kristina (July 7, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/07/07/deep-state-trump-facing-seven-times-more-national-security-leaks-than-obama-or-bush/ DEEP STATE: Trump Facing Seven Times More National Security Leaks Than Obama or Bush]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 7, 2017.</ref> The [[Mueller office|Russia probe]] headed by Independent Counsel and former FBI Director [[Robert Mueller]] was found to have hired investigators extremely biased against President Trump,<ref>Multiple references:
*[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/12/13/ex-mueller-aides-texts-revealed-read-them-here.html Ex-Mueller aides' texts revealed: Read them here]. ''Fox News''. December 13, 2017. Retrieved January 5, 2018.
*Singman, Brooke (December 7, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/12/07/another-mueller-investigators-democratic-ties-raise-new-bias-questions.html Top Mueller investigator's Democratic ties raise new bias questions]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 5, 2018.
*[https://www.foxnews.com/transcript/2017/12/05/anti-trump-bias-exposed-in-mueller-probe.html Anti-Trump bias exposed in Mueller probe]. ''Fox News''. December 5, 2017. Retrieved January 5, 2018.
*Chamberlain, Samuel (December 12, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/12/12/texts-between-ex-mueller-team-members-emerge-calling-trump-loathsome-human-idiot.html 'F TRUMP': Texts between ex-Mueller team members emerge, calling Trump 'loathsome human,' 'an idiot']. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 5, 2018.
*Wong, Kristina (December 13, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/12/13/deepstate-fbi-agents-discussed-protecting-country-trump/ Deepstate: FBI Agents Texted About Protecting Country Against Trump]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 5, 2018.
Mueller's investigation, however, did not find evidence of collusion between the Trump campaign and Russia:
*Wong, Kristina (April 18, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/18/attorney-general-william-barr-releases-mueller-report/ Attorney General William Barr Releases Mueller Report]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 18, 2019.
*[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/read-the-robert-mueller-report Read the Robert Mueller report]. ''Fox News''. April 18, 2019. Retrieved April 18, 2019.
*Shaw, Adam (April 18, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/president-trump-declares-victory-mueller-report Trump declares victory as Mueller report drops: 'No collusion, no obstruction']. ''Fox News''. Retrieved April 18, 2019.
*Gurman, Sadie; Viswanatha, Aruna (April 18, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/mueller-report-release-11555590084 Mueller Report Says ‘Fairness Concerns’ Prevented Obstruction Judgment on Trump]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved April 18, 2019.
*Shaw, C. Mitchell (April 18, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/crime/item/32059-mueller-report-released-no-collusion-no-proof-of-obstruction Mueller Report Released: It's Official — No Collusion, No Proof of Obstruction]. ''The New American''. Retrieved April 18, 2019.
*Mordock, Jeff; Dinan, Stephen (April 18, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/apr/18/mueller-report-produces-damning-exoneration-donald/ Mueller report produces damning exoneration of Trump]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved April 19, 2019.
*Stanage, Niall (April 18, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/439639-mueller-report-the-winners-and-losers Mueller report: The winners and losers]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved April 19, 2019.
*Nolte, John (April 19, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/19/nolte-15-ways-the-mueller-report-proves-trump-did-not-obstruct-justice/ Nolte: 15 Ways the Mueller Report Proves Trump Did Not Obstruct Justice]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 20, 2019.
*Dorman, Sam (April 20, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trump-declares-mueller-probe-win-tweeting-out-ny-post-front-page Trump declares Mueller-probe win, tweeting out NY Post front page]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved April 20, 2019.
*Scarborough, Rowan (April 21, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/apr/21/robert-muellers-report-debunks-russia-dossier/ 0 for 12: Mueller report debunks Democrats' entire Trump-Russia dossier]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
DOJ summary:
*Re, Gregg (March 24, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/barr-releases-letter-summarizing-muellers-key-findings-after-long-running-russia-probe Mueller report summary released, showing no proof Trump team conspired with Russia]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
*Pollak, Joel B. (March 24, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/03/24/special-counsel-no-russia-collusion-despite-multiple-offers/ Special Counsel: No Russia Collusion ‘Despite Multiple Offers’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
*Wong, Kristina (March 24, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/03/24/special-counsel-investigation-finds-no-collusion-with-russia/ Special Counsel Investigation Finds No Trump Campaign Collusion with Russia]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
*Kirkwood, R. Cort (March 24, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/31827-mueller-report-says-no-collusion-angry-democrats-vow-continued-coup-attempts Mueller Report Found No Collusion, Obstruction; Angry Democrats Vow Continued Coup Attempts]. ''The New American''. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
*Chalfant, Morgan; Thomsen, Jacqueline; Beavers, Olivia (March 24, 2019). [https://thehill.com/policy/national-security/435523-mueller-findings-do-not-conclude-trump-committed-crime Mueller finds no Trump-Russia conspiracy in 2016 election]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
*Phillips, Jack (March 24, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/mueller-report-summary-published-no-definitive-proof-trump-team-conspired-with-russia_2851239.html Mueller Report Summary Published: No Evidence Trump Campaign Conspired With Russia]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
*Gurman, Sadie; Viswanatha, Aruna; Tau, Byron (March 24, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/top-findings-from-muellers-report-to-be-sent-to-congress-within-the-hour-11553454918 Mueller Doesn’t Find Trump Campaign Conspired With Russia]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
*Mordock, Jeff; Dinan, Stephen (March 24, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/mar/24/robert-mueller-clears-donald-trump-russia-probe-wi/ William Barr: Mueller clears Trump in Russia probe]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
*Yilek, Caitlin (March 24, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/mueller-clears-trump-no-russia-collusion-no-obstruction-of-justice Mueller clears Trump: No Russia collusion, no obstruction of justice]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
*Johnson, Kevin; Jansen, Bart; Phillips, Kristine (March 24, 2019). [https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2019/03/24/mueller-report-conclusions-donald-trump-russia-investigation-barr-deliver-congress/3256025002/ Mueller report: Investigation found no evidence Trump conspired with Russia, leaves obstruction question open]. ''USA Today''. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
*Lynch, Sarah N. (March 23, 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-russia/mueller-report-finds-no-evidence-that-trump-campaign-colluded-with-russia-justice-department-idUSKCN1R504O Mueller report finds no evidence that Trump campaign colluded with Russia: Justice Department]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
See also:
*Kirkwood, R. Cort (March 23, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/31822-deep-state-s-attempted-coup-via-mueller-fails-but-anti-trump-plotters-aren-t-finished Deep State’s Attempted Coup Via Mueller Fails, but Anti-Trump Plotters Aren’t Finished]. ''The New American''. Retrieved March 25, 2019.</ref> and leftists went out of their way searching for evidence of crimes by President Trump.<ref>Multiple references:
*Starr, Penny (March 25, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/03/25/the-left-post-mueller-report-nine-trump-related-investigations-will-continue-unabated/ The Left Post Mueller Report: Nine Trump-Related Investigations Will Continue Unabated]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
*Kirkwood, R. Cort (March 25, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/item/31830-trump-derangement-worsens-despite-mueller-report-dems-still-think-he-committed-a-crime Trump Derangement Worsens, Despite Mueller Report, Dems Still Think He Committed a Crime]. ''The New American''. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
*Betz, Bradford (March 12, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/deutsche-bank-investors-bank-subpoenaed-for-records-relating-to-business-with-trump-report New York Attorney General opens civil investigation into Trump projects: report]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
See also:
*Fakkert, Jasper (April 10, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/the-attempted-coup-against-trump_2874459.html The Attempted Coup Against Trump]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved April 11, 2019.
*Byas, Steve (July 25, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/item/32948-mueller-testimony-reveals-probe-was-effort-to-get-trump-not-seek-justice Mueller Testimony Reveals Probe Was Effort to Get Trump, Not Seek Justice]. ''The New American''. Retrieved July 25, 2019.
*Gregory, Paul (November 12, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/nov/12/trump-russia-investigation-rested-on-a-house-of-ca/ Trump Russia investigation rested on a house of cards]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 13, 2019.</ref> Left-wing federal courts also blocked many Trump Administration actions, including President Trump's executive orders regarding sanctuary cities and immigration,<ref>Multiple references:
*Horowitz, Daniel (August 20, 2018). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/obamas-third-term-13-times-courts-said-trump-must-continue-obamas-lawless-policies/ Obama’s third term: 13 times courts said Trump must continue Obama’s lawless policies]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved June 27, 2019.
*Swoyer, Alex (February 27, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/feb/27/judges-use-nationwide-injunctions-block-donald-tru/ Judges unleash ‘political weapon’ against Trump]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved February 28, 2018.
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IgyvPV_Dhb0 Ingraham: Runaway judges vs. the Trump agenda]. ''Fox News'' (via ''YouTube''). February 23, 2018. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
*McCarthy, Andrew C. (November 10, 2018). [https://www.nationalreview.com/2018/11/obama-appointed-lawyers-thwart-trump-policies-immigration-energy/ Obama’s Judges Continue Thwarting Trump]. ''National Review''. Retrieved November 10, 2018.
*Dinan, Stephen (November 20, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/nov/20/obama-appointed-judges-undercut-trump-immigration/ Obama-appointed judges undercut Trump on immigration]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
*Miller, S.A.; Dinan, Stephen (November 25, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/nov/25/donald-trump-hit-judges-ideological-gap-correct/ Trump more right than Roberts on 'Obama judges': Washington Times analysis]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 26, 2018.
*Dinan, Stephen (January 1, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/jan/1/obama-judges-order-justice-department-lawyers-stay/ Obama judges order Justice Department lawyers to stay on immigration cases without pay]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved January 2, 2019.
*French, David (January 14, 2019). [https://www.nationalreview.com/2019/01/lawless-federal-judges-are-winning-their-war-against-the-trump-administration/ Lawless Federal Judges Are Winning Their War against the Trump Administration]. ''National Review''. Retrieved January 15, 2019.
*Nakamura, David (January 15, 2019). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/courts-thwart-trumps-bid-to-enact-hard-line-immigration-agenda-as-congress-dithers/2019/01/15/b5809e88-18db-11e9-9ebf-c5fed1b7a081_story.html Courts thwart Trump’s bid to enact hard-line immigration agenda as Congress dithers]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved January 16, 2019.
*Hammer, Josh (January 17, 2019). [https://www.dailywire.com/news/42341/hammer-it-past-time-trump-openly-defy-court-order-josh-hammer HAMMER: It Is Past Time For Trump To Openly Defy A Federal Court]. ''The Daily Wire''. Retrieved January 18, 2019.
*Blackman, Josh (February 12, 2018). [https://www.lawfareblog.com/judicial-resistance On the Judicial Resistance]. ''Lawfare''. Retrieved January 18, 2019.
*Lucas, Fred (February 4, 2019). [https://www.dailysignal.com/2019/02/04/federal-district-judges-have-blocked-trump-actions-30-times-a-record-rate/ Federal District Judges Have Blocked Trump Actions 30 Times, a Record Rate]. ''The Daily Signal''. Retrieved February 7, 2019.
*Barbash, Fred; Paul, Deanna (March 19, 2019). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/the-real-reason-president-trump-is-constantly-losing-in-court/2019/03/19/f5ffb056-33a8-11e9-af5b-b51b7ff322e9_story.html The real reason the Trump administration is constantly losing in court]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved April 3, 2019.
*Weixel, Nathaniel (March 30, 2019). [https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/436543-trumps-health-overhaul-efforts-hit-legal-roadblocks Trump's health overhaul efforts hit legal roadblocks]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved March 30, 2019.
*[https://policyintegrity.org/deregulation-roundup Roundup: Trump-Era Deregulation in the Courts]. ''Institute for Policy Integrity''. Retrieved April 5, 2019.
*Higgins, Tucker (January 24, 2019). [https://www.cnbc.com/2019/01/24/trump-has-lost-more-than-90-percent-of-deregulation-court-battles.html The Trump administration has lost more than 90 percent of its court battles over deregulation]. ''CNBC''. Retrieved April 19, 2019.
*Geman, Ben (June 10, 2019). [https://www.axios.com/climate-change-trump-administration-federal-courts-567fa9d9-f581-42f8-b84b-8cd707b5e0ee.html Most climate-related litigation in the Trump era supports protections]. ''Axios''. Retrieved June 10, 2019.
*[https://video.foxnews.com/v/5738221821001/?playlist_id=5198073478001#sp=show-clips Tucker: Federal courts the most decayed institution of all]. ''Fox News Video''. February 21, 2018. Retrieved July 2, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (July 3, 2019). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/redcoats-black-robes/ From the redcoats to the black robes]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved July 3, 2019.
*Armour, Stephanie (July 8, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-hopes-to-stem-tide-of-legal-setbacks-on-health-care-11562583605 Trump Hopes to Stem Tide of Legal Setbacks on Health Care]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved July 8, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (July 5, 2019). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/forget-new-border-laws-federal-judges-say-cant-even-enforce-current-ones/ Forget new border laws; federal judges say we can’t even enforce current ones]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved July 8, 2019.
*Vadum, Matthew (July 10, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/9th-circuit-court-rewrites-nations-immigration-laws_2997600.html 9th Circuit Court Rewrites Nation’s Immigration Laws]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved July 10, 2019.
*Bolen, Cheryl (July 10, 2019). [https://news.bloombergenvironment.com/environment-and-energy/trump-deregulation-plans-hit-legal-brick-wall-attorneys-say Trump Ekes Out 7% Win Rate as Courts Rebuff Deregulation Efforts]. ''Bloomberg Law''. Retrieved July 12, 2019.
*Thomsen, Jacqueline (July 24, 2019). [https://thehill.com/regulation/court-battles/454436-trump-immigration-agenda-gets-bogged-down-in-courts Trump immigration agenda gets bogged down in courts]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved July 24, 2019.
*Cadman, Dan (September 4, 2019). [https://cis.org/Cadman/Exercises-Judicial-Nullification-Erode-Trust-Judiciary Exercises in Judicial Nullification Erode Trust in the Judiciary]. ''Center for Immigration Studies''. Retrieved September 4, 2019.
*Cadman, Dan (October 7, 2019). [https://cis.org/Cadman/Joy-Dikastocracy The Joy of Dikastocracy]. ''Center for Immigration Studies''. Retrieved October 7, 2019.
*DiSavino, Scott; Kelly, Stephanie (October 9, 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-pipelines-insight/trumps-fast-tracking-of-oil-pipelines-hits-legal-roadblocks-idUSKBN1WO12L Trump's fast-tracking of oil pipelines hits legal roadblocks]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved October 9, 2019.
*Cadman, Dan (October 25, 2019). [https://cis.org/Cadman/Supreme-Court-Forced-Play-WhackaMole-Immigration Supreme Court Forced to Play Whack-a-Mole on Immigration]. ''Center for Immigration Studies''. Retrieved October 25, 2019.
*Arthur, Andrew R. (October 26, 2019). [https://cis.org/Arthur/Blistering-Dissent-Underscores-Ninth-Circuits-Failure-Follow-Statute Blistering Dissent Underscores Ninth Circuit's Failure to Follow Statute]. ''Center for Immigration Studies''. Retrieved October 26, 2019.
*Tucker, Eric (December 6, 2019). [https://apnews.com/0c04b39164ce561355948b831740c229 As Dems zero in on White House, Trump racks up court losses]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved December 6, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (January 10, 2020). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/federal-judges-continue-repealing-2016-election-declare-open-borders/ Federal judges continue repealing 2016 election, declare open borders]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved January 10, 2020.
Statements by Attorney General Sessions:
*Mordock, Jeff (March 10, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/mar/10/ag-sessions-blasts-nationwide-injunctions-federali/ Sessions blasts federal judges for injunctions against Trump administration policies]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
*Shaw, Adam (March 10, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2018/03/10/sessions-slams-activist-judges-for-nationwide-injunctions-on-sanctuary-cities-daca.html Sessions slams 'activist judges' for nationwide injunctions on sanctuary cities, DACA]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved March 10, 2018.
Statements by Attorney General Barr:
*DeMarche, Edmund (May 21, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trumps-agenda-hampered-by-troubling-number-of-lower-court-injuctions-barr-says Trump's agenda hampered by troubling number of lower court injunctions, Barr says]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved May 22, 2019.
*Halaschak, Zachary (May 21, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/ag-barr-blasts-federal-judges-who-impose-nationwide-injunctions AG Barr blasts federal judges who impose nationwide injunctions]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved May 22, 2019.
*Mordock, Jeff (May 21, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/may/21/william-barr-rips-federal-judges-over-nationwide-i/ 'Unprecedented power': William Barr blasts federal judges over nationwide injunctions]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved May 22, 2019.
*Balsamo, Michael (May 21, 2019). [https://www.apnews.com/c6d81b8948c14493a32d7517988f2f32 AG Barr says nationwide rulings are hampering Trump’s agenda]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved May 22, 2019.
*Vadum, Matthew (May 23, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/attorney-general-barr-criticizes-nationwide-injunctions_2933303.html Attorney General Barr Criticizes Nationwide Injunctions]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved May 23, 2019.
*Chaitin, Daniel (September 6, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/ag-william-barr-demands-end-to-nationwide-injunctions-empowering-lone-sympathetic-judges AG William Barr demands end to nationwide injunctions empowering lone 'sympathetic' judges]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved September 6, 2019.
*Barr, William P. (September 5, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/end-nationwide-injunctions-11567723072 End Nationwide Injunctions]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved September 7, 2019.
See also:
*Munro, Neil (November 20, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/economy/2018/11/20/dhs-doj-slam-judge-decision-let-illegal-migrants-apply-for-asylum/ DHS, DoJ Slam Judge’s Order to Let Illegal Migrants Apply for Asylum]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
*Horowitz, Daniel (March 14, 2019). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/wheres-congressional-outrage-judicial-power-grabs/ Where’s the congressional outrage over judicial power grabs?] ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved March 16, 2019.
*Musto, Julia (May 14, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trump-admin-immigration-district-judges Trump admin push to stop illegal immigration hampered by district judges, despite surge: US attorney]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved May 14, 2019.
*Bream, Shannon; Mears, Bill (May 22, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trump-administration-fights-back-against-lone-judges-nixing-policies-with-the-stroke-of-the-pen Trump administration fights back against lone judges nixing policies ‘with the stroke of the pen’]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved May 23, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (July 10, 2019). [https://omny.fm/shows/the-conservative-conscience-with-daniel-horowitz-1/this-is-the-world-of-the-federal-judges-we-just-li This Is the Federal Judges' World. We Just Live In It Ep 445]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved July 10, 2019.
*Fabian, Jordan; Thomsen, Jacqueline (July 22, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/453881-courts-become-turbocharged-battleground-in-trump-era Courts become turbocharged battleground in Trump era]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved July 22, 2019.
*Munro, Neil (August 13, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/08/13/ken-cuccinelli-judges-attack-donald-trump-with-open-lawfare/ Ken Cuccinelli: Judges Attack Donald Trump with ‘Open Lawfare’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved August 13, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (September 9, 2019). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/ag-barr-getting-better-fighting-rogue-judges-needed/ AG Barr is getting better at fighting rogue judges, but more is needed]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved September 9, 2019.
Specific examples of courts blocking President Trump's immigration agenda:
*Spiering, Charlie (April 27, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/04/27/donald-trump-blasts-ninth-circuit-for-blocking-sanctuary-cities-order-see-you-in-the-supreme-court/ Donald Trump Blasts Ninth Circuit for Blocking Sanctuary Cities Order: ‘See You in the Supreme Court!’] ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 4, 2017.
*Klukowski, Ken (March 12, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/03/12/federal-court-blocks-immigration-executive-order/ Federal Court Blocks Trump Admin’s Immigration Executive Order]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 4, 2017.
*Kirkwood, R. Cort (November 21, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/immigration/item/30694-judge-open-the-borders-trump-can-t-block-asylum-claims Judge: Open the Borders; Trump Can’t Block Asylum Claims]. ''The New American''. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
*Dinan, Stephen (November 20, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/nov/20/judge-blocks-trump-asylum-changes-rulings-means-ca/ Judge blocks Trump asylum changes: Caravan can demand protections even after illegal entry]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
*Caldwell, Alicia A.; Pérez, Santiago; Kendall, Brent (November 20, 2018). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/federal-court-bars-u-s-from-enforcing-trumps-asylum-ban-1542702476 Federal Court Bars U.S. From Enforcing Trump’s Asylum Ban]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
*DeMarche, Edmund; Brown, Benjamin (November 20, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/judge-bars-us-from-enforcing-trump-administrations-asylum-ban Judge bars US from enforcing Trump administration’s asylum ban]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved November 21, 2018.
*Horowitz, Daniel (December 6, 2018). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/judges-are-now-openly-treating-illegal-immigration-as-the-new-civil-rights-movement/ Judges are now openly treating illegal immigration as the new civil rights movement]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved March 21, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (March 20, 2019). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/scotus-week-conservatives-won-immigration-battle-continue-lose-war/ At SCOTUS this week: Conservatives won an immigration battle but continue to lose the war]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved March 21, 2019.
*Spiering, Charlie (April 9, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/09/donald-trump-slams-ninth-circuit-judge-blocking-border-enforcement/ Donald Trump Slams Ninth Circuit Judge for Blocking Border Enforcement]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 9, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (April 9, 2019). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/constitution-say-california-judges-control-border-policy/ Where does the Constitution say that California judges control our border policy?] ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved April 9, 2019.
*Franch, David (May 17, 2019). [https://www.nationalreview.com/2019/05/the-judicial-resistance-rescues-daca-again/ The Judicial Resistance Rescues DACA, Again]. ''National Review''. Retrieved May 20, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (June 20, 2018). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/we-dont-need-an-immigration-law-fix-we-need-a-liberal-judge-fix/ We don’t need an immigration law fix; we need a liberal judge fix]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved June 27, 2019.
*Levinson, Reade; Cooke, Kristina (October 17, 2018). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-immigration-terminations/u-s-courts-abruptly-tossed-9000-deportation-cases-heres-why-idUSKCN1MR1HK U.S. courts abruptly tossed 9,000 deportation cases. Here's why]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved June 27, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (November 26, 2018). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/no-judge-has-jurisdiction-to-erase-our-border/ No judge has jurisdiction to erase our border]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved June 27, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (July 25, 2018). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/judges-have-no-authorization-to-review-tps-but-do-it-anyway/ Judges have NO authority to review TPS — but do it anyway]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved June 27, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (March 11, 2019). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/everyone-sleeps-courts-abolishing-immigration-enforcement/ While everyone sleeps, the courts are abolishing all immigration enforcement]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved June 27, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (January 7, 2019). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/judge-creates-a-right-for-deportable-aliens-to-be-tipped-off/ Judge creates a ‘right’ for deportable aliens to be tipped off]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved June 27, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (June 17, 2019). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/ninth-circuit-creates-new-right-illegal-aliens-not-deported/ Ninth Circuit creates new right for illegal aliens not to be deported]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved June 27, 2019.
*Munro, Neil (May 25, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/05/25/judge-blocks-emergency-one-billion-for-border-wall/ Judge Blocks Emergency $1 Billion for Border Wall]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 29, 2019.
*Kendall, Brent; Radnofsky, Louise (May 24, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/federal-judge-blocks-trumps-border-wall-plans-11558747967 Federal Judge Blocks Trump’s Border-Wall Plans]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved June 29, 2019.
*Klukowski, Ken (June 29, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/border/2019/06/29/obama-appointed-judge-blocks-construction-trump-border-wall/ Obama-Appointed Judge Blocks Construction of Trump’s Border Wall]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 29, 2019.
*[https://apnews.com/91f4e6ae14884880836dd5c54a59553b Judge bars Trump from using $2.5B to build border wall]. ''Associated Press''. June 29, 2019. Retrieved June 29, 2019.
*Halaschak, Zachary; Bufkin, Ellie (June 29, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/federal-judge-blocks-trump-from-using-2-5b-in-military-funds-for-border-wall Federal judge blocks Trump from using $2.5B in military funds for border wall]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved June 30, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (August 2, 2019). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/lawless-court-rules-law-enforcement-cannot-enforce-immigration-laws/ Lawless: Court rules that law enforcement CANNOT enforce immigration laws]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved August 2, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (August 19, 2019). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/ninth-circuit-legislates-taxpayer-provided-toothpaste-border/ Ninth Circuit legislates taxpayer-provided toothpaste at the border]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved August 19, 2019.
*[https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/aug/22/judge-carlos-murguia-rules-law-against-encouraging/ Federal judge rules law against encouraging illegal immigration is unconstitutional]. ''The Washington Times'' (from the ''Associated Press''). August 22, 2019. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (August 23, 2019). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/judge-whose-sister-heads-la-raza-rules-130-year-law-encouraging-illegal-immigrants-unconstitutional/ Judge whose sister heads La Raza rules 130-year law against encouraging illegal immigrants is unconstitutional]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
*Vadum, Matthew (August 25, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/judge-strikes-down-law-penalizing-inducing-illegal-immigration_3055401.html Judge Strikes Down Law That Penalizes ‘Inducing’ Illegal Immigration]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved August 25, 2019.
*Caldwell, Alicia A. (November 28, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/judges-quietly-disrupt-trump-immigration-policy-in-san-diego-11574942400 Judges Quietly Disrupt Trump Immigration Policy in San Diego]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved November 28, 2019.
*Kobach, Kris W. (November 30, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/11/30/kobach-activist-judge-negates-one-of-the-oldest-rules-of-u-s-immigration-law/ Kobach: Activist Judge Negates One of the Oldest Rules of U.S. Immigration Law]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 30, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (December 11, 2019). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/judge-puts-injunction-border-wall-scotus-already-ruled-theres-no-standing/ Judge puts injunction on border wall – when SCOTUS already ruled there’s no standing]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved December 11, 2019.
*Binder, John (December 15, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/12/15/illegal-alien-accused-of-killing-father-of-two-freed-into-u-s-again-by-obama-appointed-judge/ Illegal Alien Accused of Killing Father of Two Freed into U.S. Again by Obama-Appointed Judge]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 16, 2019.
*Vadum, Matthew (December 22, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/year-in-review-courts-savage-trumps-immigration-policies_3182152.html Year in review: Courts Savage Trump’s Immigration Policies]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved December 22, 2019.
*Horowitz, Daniel (January 2, 2020). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/lower-courts-reign-supreme-much-travel-ban/ Lower courts reign supreme: So much for the ‘travel ban’]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved January 2, 2020.</ref> and Democrat attorneys general were extremely active against the Trump Administration,<ref>Multiple references:
*Hurley, Lawrence; Chung, Andrew (November 2, 2017). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-trump-effect-courts/trumps-opponents-race-to-the-courthouse-to-thwart-him-idUSKBN1D21BG Trump's opponents race to the courthouse to thwart him]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved February 27, 2018.
*Lucas, Fred (February 6, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2018/02/06/democratic-ags-swarm-trump-administration-with-lawsuits.html Democratic AGs swarm Trump administration with lawsuits]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved February 6, 2018.
See also:
*O'Reilly, Andrew (May 14, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/california-files-50th-lawsuit-against-trump-administration-in-case-over-union-dues California files 50th lawsuit against Trump administration in case over union dues]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved May 14, 2019.</ref> suing it nearly 50 times in 2017 alone.<ref>Wilson, Reid (January 2, 2018). [https://thehill.com/homenews/state-watch/367147-democratic-ags-sue-trump-at-record-pace Democratic AGs sue Trump at record pace]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved January 3, 2018.</ref>

After his election, left-wingers labeled themselves as the "resistance" against Trump<ref>Pollak, Joel B. (December 24, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/12/24/hold-2017-the-year-in-resistance/ 2017: The Year in ‘Resistance’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 24, 2017. See also:
*Jasper, William F. (November 17, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/30672-indivisible-anti-trump-strategy-obstruct-disrupt-sabotage-delay-defame-accuse-investigate-agitate-impeach ‘Indivisible’ Anti-Trump Strategy: Obstruct. Disrupt. Sabotage. Delay. Defame. Accuse. Investigate. Agitate. Impeach]. ''The New American''. Retrieved November 17, 2018.
*Pollak, Joel B. (January 1, 2020). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2020/01/01/left-declares-2020-year-of-the-resistance-to-trump-johnson/ Left Declares 2020 ‘Year of the Resistance’ to Donald Trump, Boris Johnson]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 1, 2020.</ref> and even changed their political views in reaction to President Trump's.<ref>Boyer, Dave; Howell, Tom (February 4, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/feb/4/donald-trumps-backing-fuels-resistance-issues-demo/ Trump's backing fuels 'resistance' on issues Democrats traditionally support]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved February 4, 2019. See also:
*Puzder, Andy (January 14, 2020). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/democrats-economy-constitution-bullies-andy-puzder Andy Puzder: Democrats willing to tank the economy, trash the Constitution and empower bullies to defeat Trump]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 14, 2020.</ref> As a testament to the deep opposition and hatred towards him by the left-wing, at least 217 violent protestors were arrested in Washington D.C. on Inauguration Day.<ref>Multiple references:
*Weber, Joseph (January 20, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/01/20/trump-supporters-protesters-rally-before-sunrise-on-inauguration-day.html Hundreds of protesters arrested in Inauguration Day clashes]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved March 31, 2017.
*Noble, Andrea; McDermott, Ryan M. (January 20, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/jan/20/donald-trump-inauguration-protests-begin-turn-viol/ D.C. police report 217 arrested during Inauguration Day riots]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved March 31, 2017.</ref> Left-wingers [[Left-wing violence in the Trump era|committed or advocated for many other acts of violence]] against President Trump and his supporters.<ref>Multiple references:
*Clark, Alex (June 18, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/06/18/a-year-of-hate-9-times-the-radicalized-left-engaged-in-violence-in-the-trump-era/ A Year of Hate: 9 Times the Radicalized Left Engaged in Violence in the Trump Era]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved June 18, 2017.
*Nolte, John (July 5, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/the-media/2018/07/05/rap-sheet-acts-of-media-approved-violence-and-harassment-against-trump-supporters/ Rap Sheet: ***639*** Acts of Media-Approved Violence and Harassment Against Trump Supporters]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved February 18, 2019.
*Brooks, Dave (June 16, 2017). [https://dailycaller.com/2017/06/16/this-list-of-attacks-against-conservatives-is-mind-blowing/ This List of Attacks Against Conservatives is Mind Blowing]. ''The Daily Caller''. Retrieved August 5, 2018.
*[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/facebook-live-attack-the-latest-in-string-of-anti-trump-assaults Facebook Live attack the latest in string of anti-Trump assaults]. ''Fox News''. January 5, 2017. Retrieved February 28, 2019.
*Kirkwood, R. Cort (September 14, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/30072-anti-trump-violence-ramps-up-with-attempted-stabbing Anti-Trump Violence Ramps Up With Attempted Stabbing]. ''The New American''. Retrieved September 14, 2018.
*Nolte, John (March 13, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/03/13/there-have-been-334-reported-hate-crimes-against-trump-supporters/ There Have Been 334 Reported Hate Crimes Against Trump Supporters]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 13, 2019.
Left-wingers [[Hate crime hoax|hoaxed numerous "hate crimes"]] to smear President Trump and his supporters:
*Hasson, Peter (February 18, 2019). [https://dailycaller.com/2019/02/18/hoax-hate-crimes-list/ Here's a List of Hoax 'Hate Crimes' in the Trump Era]. ''The Daily Caller''. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
*Lapin, Tamar (February 21, 2019). [https://nypost.com/2019/02/21/the-list-of-bogus-hate-crimes-in-trump-era-is-long/ The list of bogus ‘hate crimes’ in Trump era is long]. ''New York Post''. Retrieved February 23, 2019.
*Giaritelli, Anna (February 18, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/jussie-smollett-case-the-latest-in-long-line-of-hoax-racist-attacks Jussie Smollett case the latest in long line of hoax racist attacks]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved February 18, 2019.
*[https://twitter.com/MrAndyNgo/status/1097020092791934976 Andy Ngo]. ''Twitter''. February 16, 2019. Retrieved February 18, 2019.
*Parke, Caleb (December 27, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/us/hate-crimes-and-hoaxes-10-campus-stories-debunked-in-2017 Hate crimes and hoaxes: 10 campus stories debunked in 2017]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved February 28, 2019.
*Nolte, John (February 19, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/the-media/2019/02/19/nolte-jussie-smollett-media-hoax-is-a-hate-crime-against-trump-supporters/ Nolte: Jussie Smollett Media Hoax Is a Hate Crime Against Trump Supporters]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
*Gomez, Christian (April 3, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/print-magazine/item/31834-hate-hoaxes-rise-of-fake-hate-crimes Hate Hoaxes: Rise of Fake “Hate Crimes”]. ''The New American''. Retrieved April 3, 2019.
Rebuttals to left-wing claims:
*Kew, Ben (July 21, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/07/21/study-nearly-half-of-liberals-feel-disdain-for-trump-supporters-conservatives-far-more-tolerant/ Study: Nearly Half of Liberals Feel Disdain for Trump Supporters, Conservatives Far More Tolerant]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 21, 2017.
*Munro, Neil (February 19, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/02/19/study-debunks-claim-trump-voters-more-supportive-violence-democrats/ Study Debunks Claim That Trump Voters More Supportive of Violence than Democrats]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved February 19, 2019.
See also:
*Adelmann, Bob (August 5, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/29388-the-war-on-trump-from-confrontation-to-harassment-to-violence The War On Trump: From Confrontation to Harassment to … Violence?]. ''The New American''. Retrieved August 5, 2018.
*Byas, Steve (July 1, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/culture/item/32739-anti-trump-left-increasingly-showing-the-intolerance-of-the-french-revolution Anti-Trump Left Increasingly Showing the Intolerance of the French Revolution]. ''The New American''. Retrieved July 1, 2019.
*Chumley, Cheryl K. (October 11, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/oct/11/trump-talks-freedom-democrats-rally-communism/ Trump talks freedom, Democrats push communism]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved October 13, 2019.
*Jackson, Donna (January 3, 2020). [https://thehill.com/opinion/civil-rights/476438-the-real-threat-to-civil-rights-trump-haters The real threat to civil rights? Trump haters]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved January 3, 2020.</ref> It was reported in early February 2017 that 12,000 tweets already had called for Trump's assassination.<ref>[https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4189124/More-12-000-tweets-call-Trump-s-assassination.html#ixzz4k0h0zXDl More than 12,000 tweets have called for Trump's assassination since the inauguration]. ''Daily Mail''. Retrieved June 18, 2017.</ref> The mainstream media helped promote such violence,<ref>Multiple references:
*Harper, Jennifer (June 15, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/jun/15/inside-the-beltway-media-lies-that-radicalized-the/ Expert identifies top media lies ‘that radicalized the violent left’]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
*Nolte, John (August 6, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/08/06/nolte-heres-proof-the-establishment-media-encourage-violence-against-trump-supporters/ Nolte: Here’s Proof the Establishment Media Encourage Violence Against Trump Supporters]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved August 6, 2018.
*Starr, Penny (August 19, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/08/19/cnn-normalizes-antifa-leftists-seek-peace-through-violence/ CNN Normalizes Antifa: Leftists ‘Seek Peace Through Violence’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved August 19, 2017.
*Nolte, John (September 12, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/09/12/violence-against-right-escalates-as-media-amp-up-hate-rhetoric-against-trump/ Violence Against Right Escalates as Media Amp up Hate-Rhetoric Against Trump]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 12, 2018.
*Duke, Selwyn (July 17, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/item/32876-total-anarchy-media-now-encouraging-and-politicians-tolerating-left-wing-terrorism “Total Anarchy”: Media Now Encouraging and Politicians Tolerating Left-wing Terrorism]. ''The New American''. Retrieved July 17, 2019.
See also:
*York, Byron (June 30, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/columnists/byron-york-anti-trump-fever-takes-threatening-turn Byron York: Anti-Trump fever takes threatening turn]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved June 30, 2019.</ref> along with Democrat leaders.<ref>Multiple references:
Kirkwood, R. Cort (October 18, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/item/30369-anti-gop-violence-escalates-top-democrats-egg-on-the-goons Anti-GOP Violence Escalates, Top Democrats Egg On the Goons]. ''The New American''. Retrieved October 18, 2018.
*Richardson, Valerie (August 16, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/aug/15/democrats-fuel-attacks-police-ice-incendiary-polit/ Democrats accused of fueling attacks on cops, ICE with incendiary political rhetoric]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved August 16, 2019.</ref> In addition to domestic opposition, President Trump, and by extension, the United States, was strongly opposed by non-Americans compared to the Obama Administration, despite a majority of non-Americans believing Trump to be a strong leader.<ref>Multiple references:
*Ault, Nicole (June 27, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/jun/27/donald-trumps-low-ratings-call-caution-not-despair/ Trump’s low global ratings call for caution, not despair]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved June 28, 2017.
*Wike, Richard; Stokes, Bruce; Poushter, Jacob; Fetterolf (June 26, 2017). [http://www.pewglobal.org/2017/06/26/u-s-image-suffers-as-publics-around-world-question-trumps-leadership/ U.S. Image Suffers as Publics Around World Question Trump’s Leadership]. ''Pew Research Center''. Retrieved July 21, 2017.
However, it was reported in July 2017 that tourism to the United States continued to rise in 2017:
*Zanona, Melanie (July 5, 2017). [https://thehill.com/policy/transportation/340728-international-travel-to-us-on-the-rise International travel to US on the rise]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
See also:
*Lane, Oliver JJ (January 3, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/europe/2019/01/03/trump-if-i-were-popular-in-europe-i-wouldnt-be-doing-my-job/ Trump: ‘If I Were Popular in Europe, I Wouldn’t Be Doing My Job’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 3, 2019.
*Varney, Stuart, (July 18, 2019). [https://www.foxbusiness.com/politics/europe-america-united-states-trump-varney Europe has a bad case of 'Trump Derangement Syndrome': Varney]. ''Fox Business''. Retrieved July 18, 2019.
*Boyer, Dave (January 8, 2020). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2020/jan/8/trump-still-unpopular-most-nations-especially-west/ Trump unpopular in most nations, especially western Europe, global survey finds]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved January 8, 2020.
*Superville, Darlene (January 8, 2020). [https://apnews.com/05b237b3767206904c9687f2f6f2926e Poll: World skeptical Trump will do right in global affairs]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved January 8, 2020.
*Wike, Richard; Poushter, Jacob; Fetterolf, Janell; Schumacher, Shannon (January 8, 2020). [https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2020/01/08/trump-ratings-remain-low-around-globe-while-views-of-u-s-stay-mostly-favorable/ Trump Ratings Remain Low Around Globe, While Views of U.S. Stay Mostly Favorable]. ''Pew Research Center''. Retrieved January 8, 2020.</ref> The [[mainstream media]] took an overwhelmingly negative stance toward President Trump according to multiple studies,<ref>Surveys from 2017:
*Huston, Warner Todd (March 2, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2017/03/02/study-finds-88-percent-media-coverage-anti-trump/ Study Finds 88 Percent of Media Coverage is Anti-Trump]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
*Harper, Jennifer (April 19, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/apr/19/donald-trump-media-coverage-is-89-percent-negative/ As first 100 days in office approaches, media coverage of Trump is 89% negative: Study]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved April 20, 2017.
*Richardson, Valerie (May 19, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/may/19/study-trump-press-coverage-new-standard-negativity/ Harvard agrees: Trump press coverage sets ‘new standard for negativity’]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved May 19, 2017.
*York, Byron (May 19, 2017). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/byron-york-harvard-study-cnn-nbc-trump-coverage-93-percent-negative Byron York: Harvard study: CNN, NBC Trump coverage 93 percent negative]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
*Shaw, Adam (May 19, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2017/05/19/study-93-percent-cnn-nbcs-trump-coverage-negative/ Study: Media Coverage of Trump’s First 100 Days Set ‘New Standard For Negativity’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 19, 2017.
*Noyes, Rich; Ciandella, Mike (September 12, 2017). [https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/nb/rich-noyes/2017/09/12/liberal-medias-summer-pummeling-trump Study: The Liberal Media’s Summer of Pummeling Trump]. ''NewsBusters''. Retrieved January 15, 2019.
*Mitchell, Amy; Gottfried, Jeffrey; Stocking, Galen; Matsa, Katerina Eva; Grieco, Elizabeth (October 2, 2017). [http://www.journalism.org/2017/10/02/covering-president-trump-in-a-polarized-media-environment/ Covering President Trump in a Polarized Media Environment]. ''Pew Research Center''. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
*Bedard, Paul (December 27, 2017). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/pew-trump-media-three-times-more-negative-than-for-obama-just-5-percent-positive/article/2644448 Pew: Trump media three times more negative than for Obama, just 5 percent positive]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
*Moran, Sean (December 28, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/12/28/2017-data-media-three-times-negative-towards-trump-obama/ 2017 Data: Media over Three Times More Negative Towards Trump Than Obama]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 28, 2017.
*Bannister, Craig (January 16, 2018). [https://www.cnsnews.com/blog/craig-bannister/study-90-networks-trump-coverage-negative-2017 Study: 90% of Network Coverage of President Trump Negative in 2017]. ''CNS News''. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
*Blackhurst, Kathryn (January 16, 2018). [https://www.lifezette.com/polizette/tv-news-spent-2017-aiming-incessantly-hostile-coverage-at-trump-study-shows/ TV News Spent 2017 Aiming ‘Incessantly Hostile’ Coverage at Trump, Study Shows]. ''LifeZette''. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
*Harper, Jennifer (January 16, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/jan/16/inside-the-beltway-hostile-media-a-year-of-attacki/ Hostile media: A year of attacking Trump, coverage still 90% negative]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
*Noyes, Rich; Ciandella, Mike (January 16, 2018). [https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/nb/rich-noyes/2018/01/16/2017-year-news-media-went-war-against-president 2017: The Year the News Media Went to War Against a President]. ''NewsBusters''. Retrieved January 15, 2019.
*Bozell, L. Brent; Graham, Tim (January 17, 2018). [https://www.investors.com/politics/columnists/trump-media-bias-study/ 2017: The Year The Media Went To War Against A President]. ''Investor's Business Daily''. Retrieved January 15, 2019.
Surveys from 2018:
*Harper, Jennifer (March 6, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/mar/6/trump-coverage-still-90-negative-says-new-study/ Unprecedented hostility: Broadcast coverage of President Trump still 90% negative, says study]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
*Caralle, Katelyn (July 25, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/92-percent-of-trumps-tv-coverage-is-negative-report 92 percent of TV coverage on Trump's immigration policy is negative: Report]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
*Harper, Jennifer (October 10, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/oct/10/still-hostile-news-coverage-of-president-trump-is-/ Still hostile: News coverage of President Trump is 92 percent negative, study finds]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved October 10, 2018.
*[https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/media-trump-hatred-coverage/ Media Trump Hatred Shows In 92% Negative Coverage Of His Presidency: Study]. ''Investor's Business Daily''. October 10, 2018. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
*Harper, Jennifer (October 31, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/oct/31/inside-the-beltway-big-finale-media-aims-at-both-t/ Strategically hostile: Broadcast news coverage of Republican Party now 88% negative]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 1, 2018.
*Flood, Brian (January 15, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/evening-newscasts-have-incessantly-hostile-tone-when-covering-trump-study-indicates Networks' nightly newscasts have ‘incessantly hostile’ tone toward Trump, study indicates]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 15, 2019.
*Harper, Jennifer (January 15, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/jan/15/a-broadcast-tradition-90-of-trump-coverage-remains/ A broadcast tradition: 90% of Trump coverage remains negative, study finds]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved January 15, 2019.
*Xiao, Bowen (January 15, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/tv-networks-coverage-of-trump-90-negative-in-2018_2767472.html TV Networks’ Coverage of Trump Was 90% Negative in 2018, Study Shows]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved January 15, 2019.
*Barrett, James (January 15, 2019). [https://www.dailywire.com/news/42249/study-heres-just-how-insanely-biased-news-james-barrett Study: Here's Just How Insanely Biased News Reporting On Trump Was In 2018]. ''The Daily Wire''. Retrieved January 15, 2019.
Surveys from 2019:
*[https://www.lifezette.com/2019/03/so-how-fake-fake-news-media-published-500000-stories-russia-collusion/ So How Fake Is Fake News? Media Published 500,000-Plus Stories About Russia Collusion]. ''LifeZette''. March 25, 2019. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
*Harper, Jennifer (March 25, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/mar/25/broadcasters-produce-38-hours-of-collusion-coverag/ Broadcasters produce 38 hours of 'collusion' coverage, 92% of it was against Trump: Study]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
*Dibble, Madison (March 25, 2019). [https://ijr.com/network-evening-news-shows-spent-38-hours-talking-about-collusion/ Nearly One in Five Network Evening News Stories About Trump Were ‘Collusion’ Reports, According to Study]. ''Independent Journal Review''. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
*Harper, Jennifer (April 19, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/apr/19/obsessed-liberal-analysts-trumpet-impeachment-309-/ Obsessed liberal analysts trumpet 'impeachment' 309 times in 18 hours: Media study]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved April 19, 2019.
*Harper, Jennifer (November 21, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/nov/21/inside-the-beltway-unprecedented-study-tracks-2235/ Unprecedented: Study tracks 223,598 Trump insults in the media]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 22, 2019.
*Harper, Jennifer (November 26, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/nov/26/inside-the-beltway-impeachment-inspires-epic-liber/ Impeachment coverage inspires epic liberal media bias]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 27, 2019.
*D'Agostino, Bill (November 25, 2019). [https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/nb/bill-dagostino/2019/11/25/networks-spend-75-hours-trumps-impeachment-barely-bothered-during Networks Spend 75 Hours on Trump’s Impeachment, Barely Bothered During Clinton Years]. ''NewsBusters''. Retrieved November 27, 2019.
Bias from late-night TV:
*[https://www.breitbart.com/big-hollywood/2017/05/04/study-trump-track-mocked-president-late-night-25-years/ Study: Trump On Track to Be Most Mocked President on Late-Night TV in 25 Years]. ''Breitbart News''. May 4, 2017. Retrieved May 4, 2017.
*Fernandez, Marisa (November 9, 2018). [https://www.axios.com/trump-late-night-tv-more-than-any-other-public-figure-0db5aa62-cafb-4b2d-825e-c4499a1f090e.html Trump was joked about in late-night TV more than any public figure ever]. ''Axios''. Retrieved November 9, 2018.
*Flood, Brian (December 17, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/snl-is-tougher-on-trump-than-past-presidents-but-nbc-wont-let-up-anytime-soon-critics-say ‘SNL' is tougher on Trump than past presidents, but NBC won’t let up anytime soon, experts say]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved December 17, 2018.
Public opinion on media bias against President Trump:
*Bedard, Paul (January 11, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/pew-us-media-bias-ranks-worst-in-the-world/article/2645644 Pew: US media bias ranks worst in the world]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved January 11, 2018.
*Hart, Kim (May 8, 2018). [https://www.axios.com/nearly-half-of-americans-say-media-coverage-too-critical-trump-fef4ea3a-ada3-4d4e-b536-bdb6eef34d7b.html Nearly half of Americans say Trump media coverage is too tough]. ''Axios''. Retrieved May 8, 2018.
*Dinan, Stephen (December 15, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/15/trump-supporters-revolt-against-media-pew-research/ Missteps, selective coverage drive Trump supporters into full revolt against press]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 16, 2019.</ref> frequently attacking him and his supporters,<ref>Multiple references:
*Gainor, Dan (August 5, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2018/08/05/dan-gainor-insults-never-stop-anti-trump-media-just-can-t-help-themselves.html Dan Gainor: The insults, they never stop! Anti-Trump media just can’t help themselves]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved August 5, 2018.
*Kirkwood, R. Cort (August 5, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/29693-acosta-media-push-trump-derangement-syndrome Acosta, Media Push Trump Derangement Syndrome]. ''The New American''. Retrieved August 5, 2018.
*Kirkwood, R. Cort (August 5, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/29691-trump-derangement-syndrome-intensifies-among-anti-trump-left Trump Derangement Syndrome Intensifies Among Anti-Trump Left]. ''The New American''. Retrieved August 5, 2018.
*Gainor, Dan (January 20, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/top-7-media-attacks-on-trump-as-he-marks-two-years-in-office Trump's been in office two years -- These are the seven top media attacks since his presidency began]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 20, 2019.
*Philipp, Joshua (May 7, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/how-legacy-news-outlets-and-political-actors-maintain-their-illusion-of-chaos_2910751.html How Legacy News Outlets and Political Actors Maintain Their Illusion of Chaos]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved May 7, 2019.
*Adams, Becket (October 24, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/the-press-has-been-repeating-the-exact-same-stories-about-trump-since-day-one The press has been repeating the exact same stories about Trump since day one]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved October 24, 2019.
See also:
*McCall, Jeffrey M. (March 26, 2019). [https://thehill.com/opinion/technology/435790-media-have-account-to-settle-with-american-people-over-mueller Media have account to settle with American people over Mueller investigation coverage]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
*Warren, Steve (March 26, 2019). [https://www1.cbn.com/cbnnews/us/2019/march/how-the-media-tortured-trump-for-2-years-crushed-their-own-credibility-and-still-refuse-to-back-down How the Media 'Tortured' Trump for 2 Years, Crushed Their Own Credibility, and Still Refuse to Back Down]. ''CBN News''. Retrieved March 26, 2019.
*Strassel, Kimberly A. (October 13, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/kimberly-strassel-media-wage-relentless-crusade-to-destroy-trump Kimberley Strassel: Media wage relentless crusade to destroy Trump]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved October 13, 2019.</ref> even to the point of promoting violence against them.<ref>Multiple references:
*Nolte, John (August 3, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/08/03/nolte-establishment-media-normalize-racism-and-hate/ Nolte: Establishment Media Normalize Racism and Hate]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved August 3, 2018.
*Nolte, John (August 6, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2018/08/06/nolte-heres-proof-the-establishment-media-encourage-violence-against-trump-supporters/ Nolte: Here’s Proof the Establishment Media Encourage Violence Against Trump Supporters]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved August 6, 2018.</ref> The media also refused to credit Trump for the economic growth under his presidency,<ref>Multiple references:
*Harper, Jennifer (March 5, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/mar/5/what-new-jobs-broadcast-news-ignores-trump-triumph/ What new jobs? Broadcast news ignores Trump triumphs in the economy, study says]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
*Seymour, Julia A. (March 5, 2019). [https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/business/julia-seymour/2019/03/05/evening-shows-refuse-credit-trump-jobs-boom-98-percent-time Evening Shows Refuse to Credit Trump for Jobs Boom 98 Percent of the Time]. ''NewsBusters''. Retrieved March 5, 2019.
*Seymour, Julia A. (March 5, 2019). [https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/business/julia-seymour/2019/03/05/minority-report-nets-hide-record-low-unemployment-blacks Minority Report: Nets Hide Record Low Unemployment for Blacks, Hispanics]. ''NewsBusters''. Retrieved March 5, 2019.</ref> among his numerous other achievements,<ref>Bozell, Brent; Graham, Tim (July 17, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/the-media/2019/07/17/exclusive-bozell-and-graham-good-news-means-no-news-to-anti-trump-media/ Exclusive – Bozell & Graham: Good News Means No News to Anti-Trump Media]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved July 17, 2019.</ref> and it even attributed some of his achievements to Obama.<ref>Multiple references:
*[https://www.investors.com/politics/editorials/economic-boom-trump-obama-policies/ Economic Boom: Media Rewrite History To Credit Obama Instead Of Trump]. ''Investor's Business Daily''. August 10, 2018. Retrieved August 27, 2018.
*Harper, Jennifer (August 14, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/aug/14/mainstream-media-tries-to-rewrite-history-to-credi/ Mainstream media tries to 'rewrite history' to credit Obama for Trump accomplishments]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved August 27, 2018.</ref>

Hatred against President Trump by Democrats became so bad that on September 24, 2019, with weak evidence, House Democrats announced an [[Impeachment and removal|impeachment]] inquiry into him,<ref>Multiple references:
*Andrews, Natalie; Duehren, Andrew (September 25, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/democrats-face-critical-day-on-pursuing-impeachment-11569336620 Pelosi Announces Impeachment Inquiry of President Trump]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved September 28, 2019.
*Re, Gregg (September 24, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/pelosi-expected-to-announce-formal-impeachment-inquiry-against-trump-at-5-pm-et Pelosi announces formal impeachment inquiry against Trump]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved September 28, 2019.
*Muñoz, Gabriella; Boyer, Dave; Dinan, Stephen (September 24, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/sep/24/nancy-pelosi-open-impeachment-inquiry-president-tr/ 'Betrayal of his oath of office': Pelosi opens Trump impeachment inquiry]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved September 28, 2019.
*Phillips, Jack (September 24, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/house-moving-to-impeach-trump-says-pelosi_3093973.html House ‘Moving Forward’ on Trump Impeachment Inquiry, Pelosi Says]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved September 28, 2019.
*Chaitin, Daniel (September 24, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/nancy-pelosi-backs-impeachment-inquiry Nancy Pelosi backs official impeachment inquiry]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved September 28, 2019.
*Sakelaris, Nicholas; Haynes, Danielle (September 24, 2019). [https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2019/09/24/Pelosi-announces-impeachment-inquiry-against-Trump/6281569332560/ Pelosi announces impeachment inquiry against Trump]. ''UPI''. Retrieved September 28, 2019.
*Lillis, Mike; Wong, Scott; Marcos, Cristina; Beavers, Olivia (September 24, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/house/462798-pelosi-backs-launching-formal-impeachment-inquiry-Trump Pelosi announces launch of formal impeachment inquiry into Trump]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved September 28, 2019.
*Caplan, Joshua (September 24, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/09/24/report-nancy-pelosi-to-announce-impeachment-inquiry-against-trump/ Report: Nancy Pelosi to Announce Impeachment Inquiry Against Trump]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 28, 2019.
*Mascaro, Lisa; Jalonick, Mary Clare; Balsamo, Michael (September 24, 2019). [https://www.apnews.com/a9a0bed9f81343b7a725a9adcd84e01b Pelosi orders impeachment probe: ‘No one is above the law’]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved September 28, 2019.
See also:
*Boyle, Matthew (September 25, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/09/25/the-battle-lines-are-drawn-231-house-democrats-vote-to-proceed-with-impeachment-of-donald-trump/ ‘The Battle Lines Are Drawn’: 231 House Democrats Vote to Proceed with Impeachment of Donald Trump]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 28, 2019.
*[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-whistleblower-house/u-s-house-defeats-republican-measure-disapproving-of-impeachment-inquiry-idUSKBN1WC1UI U.S. House defeats Republican measure disapproving of impeachment inquiry]. ''Reuters''. September 27, 2019. Retrieved September 28, 2019.
*Murphy, James (September 24, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/33501-calls-for-impeachment-of-trump-grow-but-evidence-of-a-crime-is-sketchy-at-best Calls for Impeachment of Trump Grow but Evidence of a Crime Is Sketchy at Best]. ''The New American''. Retrieved September 28, 2019.
*Jarrett, Gregg (September 29, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/gregg-jarrett-ukraine-is-just-the-latest-ploy-in-witch-hunt-to-drive-trump-from-white-house Gregg Jarrett: Ukraine is just the latest ploy in 'witch hunt' to drive Trump from White House]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved September 29, 2019.
*Scarborough, Rowan (September 29, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/sep/29/adam-schiff-democrats-sought-trump-dirt-ukraine-ot/ 'Black ledger' and naked photos: Democrats pressured foreign countries for dirt on Trump]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
*Starr, Penny (September 30, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/09/30/nancy-pelosi-forgoes-house-precedent-fast-tracks-impeachment-inquiry/ Nancy Pelosi Forgoes House Precedent, Fast-Tracks Impeachment Inquiry]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
*Paul, Ron (September 30, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/reviews/opinion/item/33539-impeachment-or-cia-coup Impeachment…or CIA Coup?] ''The New American''. Retrieved September 30, 2019.
*Shaw, Adam (October 1, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trump-dares-congress-brandishing-deep-red-2016-election-map-try-to-impeach-this Trump dares Congress, brandishing deep-red 2016 election map: ‘Try to impeach this’]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved October 1, 2019.
*Phillips, Jack (October 1, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/trump-tweets-deep-red-2016-election-map-try-to-impeach-this_3102396.html Trump Tweets Deep-Red 2016 Election Map: ‘Try to Impeach This’]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved October 1, 2019.
*Wulfsohn, Joseph A. (October 1, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trump-blasts-dem-impeachment-efforts-its-not-an-impeachment-its-a-coup Trump blasts Dem impeachment push as a 'coup,' claims it is 'intended to take away the power of the people']. ''Fox News''. Retrieved October 1, 2019.
*Spiering, Charlie (October 1, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/10/01/donald-trump-impeachment-effort-a-coup-to-take-power-from-the-people/ Donald Trump: Impeachment Effort a ‘Coup’ to Take Power from the People]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved October 2, 2019.
*Ozimek, Tom (October 2, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/trump-intensifies-criticism-of-impeachment-inquiry-by-calling-it-a-coup_3103592.html Trump Intensifies Criticism of Impeachment Inquiry by Calling It a ‘Coup’]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved October 2, 2019.
*McCarthy, Andrew C. (October 3, 2019). [https://thehill.com/opinion/white-house/464140-ignore-the-hype-this-is-not-an-impeachment-inquiry Ignore the hype — this is not an impeachment inquiry]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
*Ellis Rives, Jenna (October 3, 2019). [https://thehill.com/opinion/judiciary/464219-the-impeachment-agenda-of-democrats-is-a-political-coup The impeachment agenda of Democrats is a political coup]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
*Hurt, Charles (October 3, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/oct/3/impeachment-in-search-of-a-high-crime/ Impeachment in search of a high crime]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
*Henninger, Daniel (October 9, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/world-war-trump-11570661608 World War Trump]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved October 11, 2019.
*Gindler, Gary (October 11, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/opinion/trump-impeachment-situation-in-washington-is-in-the-language-of-poker-a-bluff Trump impeachment situation in Washington is, in the language of poker, a bluff]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved October 11, 2019.
*Thomas, Trevor (October 11, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/opinion/liberal-media-should-be-impeached-not-donald-trump Liberal media should be impeached, not Donald Trump]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved October 12, 2019.
*Cates, Brian (October 16, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/political-elites-are-untouchable-no-more_3117521.html Political Elites Are Untouchable No More]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved October 16, 2019.
*Tapscott, Mark (October 20, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/four-ways-pelosi-impeachment-inquiry-fails-hillarys-watergate-tests_3122083.html Four Ways Pelosi Impeachment Inquiry Fails Hillary’s Watergate Tests]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved October 20, 2019.
*Whitaker, Matt; Landry, Jeff (October 30, 2019). [https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2019/10/30/democrats-just-trying-invalidate-president-donald-trump-election-editorials-debates/4099604002/ House Democrats are just trying to invalidate the 2016 election of President Donald Trump]. ''USA Today''. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
*Scarry, Eddie (October 30, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/impeachment-is-a-power-grab-by-washingtons-establishment-and-it-has-nothing-to-do-with-trumps-character-or-the-constitution Impeachment is a power grab by Washington's establishment and it has nothing to do with Trump's character or the Constitution]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*See also [[Ukrainian collusion]]</ref> and it formalized the inquiry on October 31, 2019.<ref>Multiple references:
*Moran, Sean (October 31, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/10/31/house-democrats-passes-partisan-impeachment-process-resolution/ House Democrats Pass Partisan Impeachment Process Resolution in Face of Bipartisan Opposition]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Andrews, Natalie; Salama, Vivian (October 31, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/house-passes-impeachment-resolution-on-stark-partisan-lines-11572514202 House Passes Impeachment Resolution on Stark Partisan Lines]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Singman, Brooke (October 31, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/house-votes-resolution-impeachment House approves impeachment inquiry rules after fiery floor debate]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Muñoz, Gabriella; Miller, S.A. (October 31, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/oct/31/house-approves-impeachment-inquiry/ House approves impeachment inquiry]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Ferrechio, Susan (October 31, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/congress/house-approves-trump-impeachment-process-on-party-lines House approves Trump impeachment process on party lines]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Phillips, Jack (October 31, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/house-votes-to-pass-resolution-on-impeachment-inquiry_3133311.html Divided House Votes to Pass Resolution on Impeachment Inquiry]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Madden, Nate (October 31, 2019). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/house-dems-pass-phoney-baloney-impeachment-resolution-no-gop-defectors/ House Dems pass their phoney-baloney impeachment resolution with no GOP defectors]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Marcos, Cristina (October 31, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/house/468317-house-approves-trump-impeachment-procedures House approves Trump impeachment procedures]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Sakelaris, Nicholas (October 31, 2019). [https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2019/10/31/House-votes-to-formally-authorize-Trump-impeachment-inquiry/1681572519385/ House votes to formally authorize Trump impeachment inquiry]. ''UPI''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Fram, Alan; Daly, Matthew (November 1, 2019). [https://apnews.com/fd2765706ced4eb29c8737348c64d55c Sharply divided House approves Democrats’ impeachment rules]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Zengerle, Patricia; Cowan, Richard (October 1, 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-impeachment/trump-impeachment-effort-passes-first-test-in-divided-us-congress-idUSKBN1XA18X Trump impeachment effort passes first test in divided U.S. Congress]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
President Trump's letter to Nancy Pelosi on the matter, responding to the impeachment attempt:
*Spiering, Charlie (December 17, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/12/17/read-donald-trumps-historic-impeachment-takedown-letter-to-nancy-pelosi/ Read Donald Trump’s Historic Impeachment Takedown Letter to Nancy Pelosi]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
*Caplan, Joshua (December 17, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/12/17/donald-trump-blasts-impeachment-as-illegal-partisan-attempted-coup/ Donald Trump Blasts Impeachment as ‘Illegal, Partisan Attempted Coup’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
*Kirkwood, R. Cort (December 18, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/34373-trump-to-pelosi-you-re-staging-a-coup-to-overturn-2016 Trump to Pelosi: You’re Staging a Coup To Overturn 2016]. ''The New American''. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
*Re, Gregg (December 17, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trump-pelosi-letter-impeachment-democrats Trump tells Pelosi in blistering letter that Dems are 'declaring open war on American Democracy']. ''Fox News''. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
*Phillips, Jack (December 17, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/trump-sends-fiery-letter-to-pelosi-accuses-democrats-illegal-partisan-attempted-coup_3177140.html Trump Sends Fiery Letter to Pelosi, Accuses Democrats of ‘Illegal, Partisan Attempted Coup’]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
*Chalfant, Morgan; Samuels, Brett (December 17, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/474941-trump-calls-for-halt-to-impeachment-in-scathing-letter-to-pelosi-on Trump calls for halt to impeachment in scathing letter to Pelosi on eve of vote]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
*Boyer, Dave (December 17, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/17/trump-demands-pelosi-stop-impeachment-fantasy-imme/ Trump demands Pelosi stop 'impeachment fantasy' immediately on eve of House vote]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
*Andrews, Natalie; Wise, Lindsay; Hughes, Siobhan (December 17, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/democrats-largely-united-on-impeachment-as-vote-looms-11576597334 Trump Denounces House Democrats as Impeachment Vote Looms]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
*Nelson, Steven (December 17, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/white-house/trump-rails-against-partisan-impeachment-crusade-in-6-page-letter-to-Pelosi Trump rails against 'partisan impeachment crusade' in six-page letter to Pelosi]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
See also:
*Dinan, Stephen (October 31, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/oct/31/pelosis-impeachment-inquiry-more-partisan-clinton-/ Vote shows Pelosi's impeachment inquiry more partisan than Clinton effort]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Haq, Masooma (October 31, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/democrats-object-to-all-seventeen-republican-amendments-to-the-impeachment-resolution_3134042.html Democrats Object to All Seventeen Republican Amendments to the Impeachment Resolution]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Bender, Michael C.; Restuccia, Andrew (November 1, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/in-private-and-public-trump-leads-impeachment-response-11572634847 In Private and Public, Trump Leads Impeachment Response]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Strassel, Kimberley A. (October 31, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/a-partisan-impeachment-vote-11572561408 A Partisan Impeachment Vote]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Stanage, Niall (November 1, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/468438-the-memo-house-vote-raises-stakes-on-impeachment The Memo: House vote raises stakes on impeachment]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Bleau, Hannah (October 31, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/10/31/impeachment-resolution-loophole-allowing-democrats-reject-white-house-witnesses/ Impeachment Resolution ‘Loophole’ Allows Democrats to Reject White House Witnesses]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Pollak, Joel B. (October 31, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/10/31/gop-house-democrats-had-to-be-told-not-to-cheer-impeachment-vote/ GOP: House Democrats Had to Be Told Not to Cheer Impeachment Vote]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Dershowitz, Alan (November 1, 2019). [https://thehill.com/opinion/judiciary/468483-a-partisan-impeachment-vote-is-exactly-what-the-framers-feared A partisan impeachment vote is exactly what the framers feared]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 1, 2019.
*Spiering, Charlie (November 1, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/11/01/donald-trump-democrat-impeachment-vote-an-attack-on-democracy/ Donald Trump: Democrat Impeachment Vote ‘An Attack on Democracy’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 2, 2019.
*Samuels, Brett (November 1, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/468651-trump-at-rally-says-impeachment-an-attack-on-democracy-itself Trump at rally says impeachment an 'attack on democracy itself']. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 2, 2019.
*Scarborough, Rowan (November 4, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/nov/4/anti-trump-chronology-dc-establishment-plot-culmin/ D.C. insurgency: Scheme to take down Trump culminates with impeachment]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 16, 2019.
*Buchanan, Patrick J. (November 5, 2019). [https://www.theamericanconservative.com/buchanan/establishments-coup-attempt-is-approaching-end-game/ Establishment’s Coup Attempt Is Approaching End Game]. ''The American Conservative''. Retrieved November 5, 2019.
*Shaw, C. Mitchell (November 1, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/print-magazine/item/33908-seeking-a-scapegoat-for-biden-s-crimes Seeking a Scapegoat for Biden’s Crimes]. ''The New American''. Retrieved November 5, 2019.
*Boose, Matthew (October 15, 2019). [https://amgreatness.com/2019/10/15/no-the-biden-ukraine-story-is-not-a-conspiracy-theory/ No, the Biden-Ukraine Story Is Not a ‘Conspiracy Theory’]. ''American Greatness''. Retrieved November 5, 2019.
*Lewandowski, Corey R. (November 7, 2019). [https://thehill.com/opinion/white-house/469369-what-this-impeachment-is-really-about-and-its-not-the-constitution What this 'impeachment' is really about — and it's not the Constitution]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
*Attkisson, Sharyl (November 8, 2019). [https://thehill.com/opinion/white-house/469504-the-curious-timeline-for-taking-down-trump The curious timeline for taking down Trump]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 8, 2019.
*Rives, Jenna Ellis (November 12, 2019). [https://thehill.com/opinion/white-house/470112-trump-impeachment-is-blueprint-to-overthrow-government-from-within Trump impeachment is blueprint to overthrow government from within]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 12, 2019.
*Pollak, Joel B. (November 13, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/11/13/pollak-the-case-against-impeaching-president-donald-j-trump/ Pollak: The Case Against Impeaching President Donald J. Trump]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 13, 2019.
*Turley, Jonathan (November 13, 2019). [https://thehill.com/opinion/judiciary/470217-are-democrats-building-a-collapsible-impeachment Are Democrats building a collapsible impeachment?] ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 13, 2019.
*Attkisson, Sharyl (November 14, 2019). [https://thehill.com/opinion/white-house/470420-the-president-not-diplomats-sets-official-foreign-policy The president, not diplomats, sets 'official foreign policy']. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 14, 2019.
*Jasper, William F. (November 14, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/34043-schiff-and-dem-witnesses-implode-nunes-and-gop-reps-expose-impeachment-as-coup-attempt Schiff and Dem. Witnesses Implode; Impeachment Exposed as Coup Attempt]. ''The New American''. Retrieved November 14, 2019.
*Pollak, Joel B. (November 15, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/11/15/blue-state-blues-bribery-is-a-bogus-charge/ Blue State Blues: ‘Bribery’ Is a Bogus Charge]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 15, 2019.
*Carlson, Tucker (November 15, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/tucker-carlson-democrats-trump-impeachable-offense Tucker Carlson: It's never been clear what Dems believe is Trump's impeachable offense. Now we know. It's THIS]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved November 15, 2019.
*Hakes, Francey (November 15, 2019). [https://thehill.com/opinion/white-house/470429-no-credibility-in-this-braying-for-trumps-removal No credibility in this braying for Trump's removal]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 15, 2019.
*Strassel, Kimberley A. (November 14, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/impeachment-as-usual-11573775239 Impeachment as Usual]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved November 17, 2019.
*Knight, Robert (November 17, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/nov/17/no-one-is-above-the-law-unless-youre-a-democrat/ No one is above the law -- unless you're a Democrat]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 18, 2019.
*Turley, Jonathan (November 20, 2019). [https://thehill.com/opinion/judiciary/471248-democrats-seek-to-redefine-crimes-to-reframe-the-trump-impeachment Democrats seek to redefine crimes to reframe the Trump impeachment]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 20, 2019.
*Bleau, Hannah (November 20, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/11/20/fact-check-warren-falsely-claims-trump-broke-the-law-again-and-again-and-again/ Fact Check: Warren Falsely Claims Trump Broke the Law ‘Again and Again and Again’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 21, 2019.
*Hanson, Victor Davis (November 12, 2019). [https://www.nationalreview.com/2019/11/trump-impeachment-inquiry-illegitimate-ten-reasons-why/ Ten Reasons Impeachment Is Illegitimate]. ''National Review''. Retrieved November 21, 2019.
*Turley, Jonathan (November 23, 2019). [https://thehill.com/opinion/judiciary/471778-a-case-for-impeaching-all-living-presidents-of-the-united-states A case for impeaching all living presidents of the United States]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved November 23, 2019.
*Jenkins, Holman W. (November 22, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/winning-was-trumps-high-crime-and-misdemeanor-11574466051 Winning Was Trump’s High Crime and Misdemeanor]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved November 24, 2019.
*Pollak, Joel B. (November 23, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2019/11/23/pollak-media-criticized-trump-for-meetings-with-no-preconditions-until-ukraine/ Pollak: Media Criticized Trump for Meetings with ‘No Preconditions,’ Until Ukraine]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 24, 2019.
*McManus, John F. (November 25, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/reviews/opinion/item/34139-impeachment-hearings-a-nasty-farce Impeachment Hearings a Nasty Farce]. ''The New American''. Retrieved November 25, 2019.
*York, Byron (November 26, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/columnists/why-the-rush-toward-impeachment Why the rush toward impeachment?] ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved November 26, 2019.
*Kirkwood, R. Cort (November 26, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/34140-turley-impeachment-designed-to-fail-democrats-manufacturing-crimes Turley: Impeachment Designed To Fail, Democrats Manufacturing Crimes ]. ''The New American''. Retrieved November 26, 2019.
*Muñoz, Gabriella (November 28, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/nov/28/impeachment-presidential-election-year-forces-trum/ 'Unprecedented' impeachment in election year forces Trump to fight on two fronts]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 29, 2019.
*Navarro, Peter (November 29, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/peter-navarro-democratic-impeachment-inquiry-blocking-important-action-in-congress Peter Navarro: Trump Impeachment efforts are hitting Americans where it hurts — in their wallets]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved November 30, 2019.
*Gingrich, Newt (December 1, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/newt-gingrich-democrats-are-putting-americans-at-risk Newt Gingrich: Plot against president is real – And bigger than many think]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved December 2, 2019.
*Feldman, Clarice (December 4, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/opinion/trump-impeachment-drama-starts-in-earnest-as-hearings-pick-up-steam-this-week Astonishing revelations re: flood of lies and manipulations behind efforts to undo 2016 election and impeach Trump]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved December 4, 2019.
*Hashmi, Siraj (December 5, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/trumps-impeachment-has-always-been-about-politics-not-the-constitution Trump's impeachment has always been about politics, not the Constitution]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
*Jasper, William F. (December 6, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/34265-trump-and-those-pesky-debunked-conspiracy-theories Trump and Those Pesky “Debunked Conspiracy Theories”]. ''The New American''. Retrieved December 7, 2019.
*Klein, Aaron (December 7, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/12/07/4-major-ties-between-impeachment-narrative-and-russia-hoax/ 4 Major Ties between Impeachment Con and Russia Hoax]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 7, 2019.
*Jipping, Thomas (December 9, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/9/speeding-toward-impeachment-in-the-absence-of-fact/ Speeding toward impeachment in the absence of facts]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 10, 2019.
*Pollak, Joel B. (December 10, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/12/10/pollak-democrats-set-constitution-on-fire-fraudulent-impeachment/ Pollak: Democrats Set the Constitution on Fire with Fraudulent Impeachment]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 10, 2019.
*Pollak, Joel B. (December 10, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/12/10/abuse-of-power/ Pollak: ‘Abuse of Power’ a Shaky Ground for Impeachment]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 10, 2019.
*Pollak, Joel B. (December 10, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/12/10/pollak-line-by-line-debunking-democrats-articles-of-impeachment-against-trump/ Pollak: Line by Line, A Complete Debunking of the Democrats’ Articles of Impeachment]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 10, 2019.
*Kobach, Kris W. (December 11, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/12/11/kobach-the-obstruction-of-congress-charge-is-nonsense/ Kobach: The ‘Obstruction of Congress’ Charge Is Nonsense]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 11, 2019.
*Pollak, Joel B. (December 13, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/12/13/blue-state-blues-our-founders-feared-the-tyranny-of-the-legislature/ Blue State Blues: Our Founders Feared the ‘Tyranny of the Legislature’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 13, 2019.
*Virgil (December 13, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/12/13/virgil-impeachment-battle-democrats-vs-constitution/ Virgil: In the Impeachment Battle, It’s the Democrats vs. the Constitution]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 14, 2019.</ref> On December 18, 2019, the House voted to impeach President Trump on a party-line vote.<ref>Multiple references:
*Moran, Sean (December 18, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/12/18/house-pass-partisan-articles-of-impeachment-against-president-trump/ House Democrats Pass Partisan Articles of Impeachment Against President Trump]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Hughes, Siobhan; Andrews, Natalie (December 18, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/house-prepares-to-vote-on-impeaching-trump-11576667768 House Votes to Impeach President Trump]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Re, Gregg; Schultz, Marisa (December 18, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/impeachment-debate-floor House impeaches Trump over Ukraine dealings, as Pelosi floats holding up Senate trial]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Muñoz, Gabriella; Swoyer, Alex; Miller, S.A. (December 18, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/18/donald-trump-impeached-house-party-line-vote/ House impeaches Trump in party-line votes]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Muñoz, Gabriella; Dinan, Stephen (December 18, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/18/house-impeachment-vote-falls-overwhelmingly-along-/ House impeachment vote falls overwhelmingly along party lines]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Pentchoukov, Ivan (December 18, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/democrats-impeach-trump-in-partisan-vote-2_3178666.html Democrats Impeach Trump in Partisan Vote]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Phillips, Jack (December 18, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/watch-house-debates-will-vote-on-articles-of-impeachment-against-trump_3178049.html House Approves Articles of Impeachment Against Trump]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Phillips, Jack (December 18, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/house-approves-articles-of-impeachment-against-trump-several-democrats-dissent_3178348.html House Approves Articles of Impeachment Against Trump, Several Democrats Dissent]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Ferrechio, Susan (December 18, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/house-votes-to-impeach-president-trump-for-obstruction-of-congress-and-abuse-of-power House votes to impeach President Trump for obstruction of Congress and abuse of power]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Beavers, Olivia; Lillis, Mike (December 18, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/house/475217-house-impeaches-trump-for-abuse-of-power House impeaches Trump for abuse of power]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Freiburger, Calvin (December 18, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/house-impeachment-vote Democrats vote to impeach President Trump]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Uria, Daniel; Haynes, Danielle; Coote, Darryl (December 18, 2019). [https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2019/12/18/House-votes-to-impeach-President-Donald-Trump/8641576635225/ House votes to impeach President Donald Trump]. ''UPI''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Beavers, Olivia; Lillis, Mike (December 18, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/house/475228-house-votes-to-impeach-trump House votes to impeach Trump]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Wilkie, Christina (December 18, 2019). [https://www.cnbc.com/2019/12/18/trump-impeached-by-house-for-high-crimes-and-misdemeanors.html President Trump is impeached in a historic vote by the House, will face trial in the Senate]. ''CNBC''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Mascaro, Lisa; Jalonick, Mary Clare (December 19, 2019). [https://apnews.com/d78192d45b176f73ad435ae9fb926ed3 President Donald Trump impeached by US House, 3rd in history]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Mascaro, Lisa; Jalonick, Mary Clare (December 19, 2019). [https://apnews.com/0756fda2b5143891c5da1c6897001cee Trump impeached on charges of abuse of power, obstruction]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Cornwell, Susan; Cowan, Richard; Morgan, David (December 18, 2019). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-impeachment/divided-u-s-house-impeaches-donald-trump-in-historic-vote-idUSKBN1YM173 Divided U.S. House impeaches Donald Trump in historic vote]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
See also:
*Starr, Penny (December 18, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/12/18/timeline-for-impeaching-donald-trump-inauguration-day-2017-to-start-of-hearings-november-2019/ Timeline for Impeaching Donald Trump: Inauguration Day 2017 to Start of Hearings November 2019]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*[https://apnews.com/d20f035b7d4e6bf3d0b0427c64dc4456 Key dates in the House impeachment inquiry into Trump]. ''Associated Press''. December 19, 2019. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Nolte, John (December 18, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/2020-election/2019/12/18/nolte-impeachment-ensures-trump-retains-his-most-valuable-asset-the-d-c-outsider/ Nolte: Impeachment Ensures Trump Retains His Most Valuable Asset — The D.C. Outsider]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*O'Reilly, Andrew (December 18, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/several-democrats-defect-impeachment-gop-holds-together Several Democrats defect on impeachment, as GOP holds together in support of Trump]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Miller, S.A.; Muñoz, Gabriella (December 18, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/18/gop-bucks-pelosi-claim-no-one-came-congress-impeac/ GOP bucks Pelosi claim that no one came to Congress to impeach Trump]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Pollak, Joel B. (December 18, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/the-media/2019/12/18/for-mainstream-media-everything-about-impeaching-trump-has-been-historic/ For Mainstream Media, Everything About Impeaching Trump Has Been ‘Historic’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*York, Byron (December 18, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/analysis-in-impeachment-vote-how-republicans-got-to-zero ANALYSIS: In impeachment vote, how Republicans got to zero]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*[https://www.wsj.com/articles/whats-in-the-impeachment-articles-11576669492 What’s in the Impeachment Articles]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. December 18, 2019. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Wong, Kristina (December 18, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/12/18/democrats-celebrate-after-sad-and-somber-impeachment-of-president-trump/ Democrats Celebrate After ‘Sad and Somber’ Impeachment of President Trump]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Means, Grady (December 19, 2019). [https://thehill.com/opinion/white-house/474830-impeachment-just-confirms-trumps-leadership Impeachment just confirms Trump's leadership]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Freiburger, Calvin (December 19, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/merry-impeachmas-anti-trump-vote-celebrated-by-independent-mainstream-media ‘Merry Impeachmas’: Anti-Trump vote celebrated by ‘independent’ mainstream media]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Miguel, Luis (December 19, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/34384-i-m-having-a-good-time-trump-doubles-down-after-impeachment “I’m Having a Good Time”: Trump Doubles Down After Impeachment]. ''The New American''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
*Antle III, W. James (December 20, 2019). [https://www.theamericanconservative.com/articles/a-hawkish-impeachment/ A Hawkish Impeachment]. ''The American Conservative''. Retrieved December 20, 2019.
*Kuznicki, Jen (December 20, 2019). [https://www.conservativereview.com/news/getting-impeached-band-miscreants-badge-honor-president-trump/ Getting impeached by this band of miscreants is a badge of honor for President Trump]. ''Conservative Review''. Retrieved December 20, 2019.
*Kraychik, Robert (December 21, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/radio/2019/12/21/peter-schweizer-the-left-is-churning-through-our-institutions-traditions-and-constitutional-processes-to-get-trump/ Peter Schweizer: ‘The Left Is Churning Through Our Institutions, Traditions, and Constitutional Processes’ to Get Trump]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 21, 2019.
*Swoyer, Alex (December 21, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/dec/21/impeachment-threatens-to-become-partisan-go-to-wea/ Impeachment threatens to become partisan go-to weapon]. 'The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 22, 2019.
*Sobieski, Daniel John (December 23, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/opinion/trump-impeachment-shows-democrats-frightening-abuses-of-power Trump impeachment shows Democrats’ frightening abuses of power]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved December 23, 2019.
*Goodwin, Michael (December 23, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/michael-goodwin-donald-trumps-theyre-after-you-tweet-says-it-all Michael Goodwin: Trump’s 'they’re after you' tweet says it all – here's the message to his supporters]. ''Fox News'' (from the ''New York Post''). Retrieved December 23, 2019.
*Caplan, Joshua (December 31, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/clips/2019/12/31/democrat-admits-impeachment-genesis-was-before-trumps-election/ Democrat Admits Impeachment ‘Genesis’ Was Before Trump’s Election]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 31, 2019.
*Wulfsohn, Joseph A. (December 31, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/media/rep-al-green-genesis-trump-impeachment-running-for-office Rep. Al Green: The 'genesis' of Trump's impeachment began when he was 'running for office']. ''Fox News''. Retrieved December 31, 2019.
*McManus, John F. (January 1, 2020). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/reviews/opinion/item/34497-trashing-the-constitution-while-claiming-to-uphold-it Trashing the Constitution While Claiming to Uphold It]. ''The New American''. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
*Turley, Jonathan (January 11, 2020). [https://thehill.com/opinion/judiciary/477818-how-the-house-destroyed-its-own-case-for-the-trump-impeachment How the House destroyed its own case for the Trump impeachment]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved January 11, 2020.</ref>

In addition to the above, Senate Democrats unduly delayed President Trump's nominees at historic and unprecedented proportions<ref>Multiple references:
*Crowe, Jack (June 13, 2017). [https://dailycaller.com/2017/06/13/wapo-fact-checkers-surprised-to-find-trump-claim-correct/ WaPo Fact Checkers Surprised To Find Trump Claim ‘Correct’]. ''The Daily Caller''. Retrieved June 13, 2017.
*Singman, Brooke (April 28, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/04/28/trump-has-his-cabinet-but-lagging-behind-on-other-appointments.html Trump has his Cabinet, but lagging behind on other appointments]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved June 5, 2018.
*Von Spakovsky, Hans A.; Jipping, Thomas (July 30, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/the-lefts-obstruction-of-qualified-trump-nominees-is-yet-another-front-in-the-war-against-the-president The left's obstruction of qualified Trump nominees is yet another front in the war against the president]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved November 15, 2018.
*Rivkin Jr., David B.; Shu, John (August 2, 2018). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-senates-unprecedented-obstruction-1533250131 The Senate’s Unprecedented Obstruction]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved August 3, 2018.
*Nelson, Steven (July 10, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/white-house/lack-of-diplomacy-democrats-massively-delay-trump-ambassador-picks 785 days and waiting: Trump ambassadors face unprecedented delays at hands of Senate Democrats]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved July 10, 2019.
*Jipping, Thomas (July 26, 2019). [https://thefederalist.com/2019/07/26/opposition-judicial-nominees-skyrocketed-3-70-percent-trump-took-office/ Opposition To Judicial Nominees Skyrocketed From 3 To 70 Percent After Trump Took Office]. ''The Federalist''. Retrieved July 26, 2019.
*Olson, Tyler (August 7, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trump-facing-unprecedented-senate-resistance-to-routine-judicial-nominees-stats-show Trump facing unprecedented Senate resistance to routine judicial nominees, stats show]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved August 7, 2019.
*Jipping, Thomas (August 7, 2019). [https://www.nationalreview.com/bench-memos/this-is-the-brave-new-world-of-confirmation-opposition/ This is the Brave New World of Confirmation Opposition]. ''National Review''. Retrieved August 7, 2019.
*Jipping, Thomas (September 22, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/thomas-jipping-democrats-partisanship-judicial-nominees-new-level-trump-era Thomas Jipping: Democrats take partisanship against judicial nominees to new level in Trump era]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
*Jipping, Thomas (November 5, 2019). [https://www.nationalreview.com/bench-memos/heres-the-tale-of-the-judicial-confirmation-tape/ Here’s the Tale of the Judicial Confirmation Tape]. ''National Review''. Retrieved November 7, 2019.
*Jipping, Thomas (December 4, 2019). [https://www.nationalreview.com/bench-memos/judicial-confirmation-status-and-expectations/ Judicial Confirmation Status and Expectations]. ''National Review''. Retrieved December 6, 2019.
See also:
*Mordock, Jeff (September 16, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/sep/16/jeff-sessions-or-deep-state-donald-trumps-justice-/ Trump's dilemma: Leave Justice Department control to Sessions and Rosenstein -- or 'deep state']. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved September 17, 2018.</ref> – by February 8, 2017, only [[George Washington]] had fewer cabinet nominees confirmed by this length of time into his presidency.<ref>Multiple references:
*Singman, Brooke (February 8, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/02/08/trump-facing-historic-delays-in-confirmation-push.html Trump facing historic delays in confirmation push]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
*Bluey, Rob (February 13, 2017). [https://www.dailysignal.com/2017/02/13/trump-has-fewest-cabinet-secretaries-confirmed-since-george-washington/ Trump Has Fewest Cabinet Secretaries Confirmed Since George Washington]. ''The Daily Signal''. Retrieved May 3, 2018.</ref> Trump's last cabinet secretary was confirmed on April 27, 2017,<ref>Kellman, Laurie (April 27, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/apr/27/alex-acosta-trumps-secretary-labor-confirmed/ Senate confirms last member of Trump cabinet at 100th day in office nears]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved April 27, 2017.</ref> and his last cabinet-level member assumed office on May 15, 2017.<ref>Moons, Michelle (May 15, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/05/15/trump-cabinet-complete-swearing-u-s-trade-representative-lighthizer/ President Donald Trump’s Cabinet Complete with Swearing-In of U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 16, 2017.</ref> The GOP establishment also blocked President Trump's [[conservative]] agenda.<ref>Multiple references:
*Starr, Penny (November 9, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/11/09/gop-continues-to-block-president-trumps-agenda-one-year-after-election/ GOP Continues to Block President Trump’s Agenda One Year After Election]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 9, 2017.
*Williams, Joe (December 19, 2017). [https://www.rollcall.com/news/politics/republican-senate-starting-block-trump-nominees Republican Senate Starting to Block Trump Nominees]. ''Roll Call''. Retrieved January 4, 2018.
*Adragna, Anthony (February 8, 2018). [https://www.politico.com/story/2018/02/08/republicans-trump-nominees-397714 GOP friendly fire imperils Trump nominees]. ''Politico''. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
*Wallner, James (March 26, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/republicans-are-making-it-harder-to-confirm-trumps-nominees Republicans are making it harder to confirm Trump's nominees]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved March 26, 2018.
*Hillyer, Quin (November 30, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/four-republicans-aim-at-trump-hit-their-country-instead Four Republicans aim at Trump, hit their country instead]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
*Dinan, Stephen (March 14, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/mar/14/gop-senators-abandon-trump-wall-fight/ GOP senators abandon Trump in border wall fight]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved March 14, 2019.
*Bolton, Alexander (March 14, 2019). [https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/434112-12-republican-senators-defy-trump-on-emergency-declaration 12 Republican senators defy Trump on emergency declaration ]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved March 14, 2019.
*Moran, Sean (March 14, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/03/14/twelve-senate-republicans-voted-for-ending-trumps-national-emergency/ Twelve Senate Republicans Voted for Ending Trump’s National Emergency]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 14, 2019.
*Kirk, Charlie (March 16, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/03/16/charlie-kirk-why-is-trump-having-to-fight-alone/ Charlie Kirk: Why Is Trump Having to Fight Alone?] ''Breitbart News''. March 17, 2019.
See also:
*Joondeph, Brian C. (March 13, 2019). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/opinion/donald-trump-is-a-strong-commander-but-where-is-his-army Donald Trump is a strong commander, but where is his army?] ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved March 13, 2019.</ref> By November 2019, President Trump had not made a single [[recess appointment]], an unprecedented situation for a president, even when the Republican Party controlled both houses of Congress.<ref>Dinan, Stephen (November 29, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/nov/28/trump-lack-recess-appointments-makes-presidential-/ Trump makes presidential history: Avoids end run of Congress with recess appointments]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved November 29, 2019.</ref>

President Trump was still able to implement new policies and roll back Obama's policies despite the opposition against him,<ref>Multiple references:
*Williams, Thomas D. (December 12, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/12/12/huffpo-laments-that-one-year-in-trump-is-winning/ HuffPo Laments That One Year in, ‘Trump Is Winning’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 13, 2017.
Higgins, Heather R. (December 25, 2017). [https://thehill.com/opinion/white-house/366408-against-the-odds-trumps-agenda-owned-2017 Against the odds, Trump's agenda owned 2017]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved December 28, 2017.</ref> which served as a distraction from the changes being made.<ref>Multiple references:
*Graham, David A. (August 2, 2017). [https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/08/what-trump-is-actually-accomplishing/535458/ Trump Has Quietly Accomplished More Than It Appears]. ''The Atlantic''. Retrieved August 2, 2017.
*[https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2017/06/05/huffington-post-donald-trump-russia-conspiracies/ Huffington Post: Trump ‘Has Fundamentally Changed The Country’ While Left Chases Russia Conspiracies]. ''Breitbart News''. June 5, 2017. Retrieved June 10, 2017.
*Vinik, Danny (December 29, 2017). [https://www.politico.com/agenda/story/2017/12/29/138-trump-policy-changes-2017-000603 138 things Trump did this year while you weren't looking]. ''Politico''. Retrieved December 29, 2017.
*Williams, Thomas D. (January 19, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/01/19/usa-today-media-pay-more-attention-to-trump-tweets-than-policy/ USA Today: Media Pay More Attention to Trump Tweets than Policy]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 19, 2018.</ref> Additionally, numerous polls found that he had higher approval ratings than several [[globalist]] world leaders.<ref>Multiple references:
*Lott, Maxim (December 15, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/despite-heat-at-home-trump-approval-ratings-tower-above-embattled-european-leaders Despite heat at home, Trump approval ratings tower above embattled European leaders’]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved December 5, 2018.
*Hale, Virginia (November 20, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/europe/2017/11/20/trump-establishment-merkel-macron/ Trump More Popular Than ‘Establishment’ Euro Leaders Merkel and Macron]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 5, 2018.
*Bedard, Paul (November 19, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/europes-merkel-macron-may-less-popular-than-trump Europe's Merkel, Macron, May less popular than Trump]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved December 5, 2018.
*[https://www.aol.com/article/news/2017/11/21/donald-trump-is-reportedly-more-popular-than-some-of-europes-biggest-leaders/23284529/ Donald Trump is reportedly more popular than some of Europe's biggest leaders]. ''AOL''. November 21, 2018. Retrieved December 5, 2018.
Compared to individual leaders:
*Hale, Virginia (September 6, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/europe/2018/09/06/msm-struggles-trump-beating-macron/ MSM Struggles to Come to Terms with Populist Trump Beating Globalist Macron in Poll Ratings]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 5, 2018.
*Moody, John (August 9, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/suddenly-less-popular-than-trump-frances-macron-gets-schooled Suddenly less popular than Trump, France's Macron gets schooled]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved December 5, 2018.
*Adams, Becket (September 5, 2017). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/emmanuel-macron-more-unpopular-in-france-than-trump-in-us Emmanuel Macron more unpopular in France than Trump in US]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved December 5, 2018.
*Tomlinson, Chris (March 20, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/europe/2018/03/20/trudeau-approval-rating-trump-right-wing-parties-surge-canada/ Justin Trudeau Approval Rating Now Below President Trump as Right Wing Parties Surge In Canada]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 5, 2018.
*Nolte, John (February 8, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/the-media/2018/02/08/media-fail-trump-popular-obama-point-presidency/ Media Fail: Trump More Popular than Obama at This Point in Presidency]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 5, 2018.</ref>

==See also==
*[[Trump effect]]
*[[Donald Trump and nationalism]]
*[[Draft social media anti-censorship Executive Order]]

===Regarding Trump's presidency===
*[[Cabinet of Donald Trump]]
*[[Trump Administration]]

===Regarding leftists and Trump===
*[[Trump Derangement Syndrome]]
*[[Liberal denialism and Donald Trump]]
*[[American liberalism and 21st century political losses]]
*[[Mainstream media and Donald Trump]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

==Further reading==
*Black, Conrad (2018). ''Donald J. Trump: A President Like No Other''. Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publishing. ISBN 9781621577874.
*Garrett, Major (2018). ''Mr. Trump's Wild Ride: The Thrills, Chills, Screams, and Occasional Blackouts of an Extraordinary Presidency''. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 9781250185914.
*Hanson, Victor Davis (2019). ''The Case for Trump''. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 9781541673540.
*Hurt, Charles (2019). ''Still Winning: Why America Went All In on Donald Trump-And Why We Must Do It Again''. New York: Hatchett Book Group. ISBN 9781546076636. ([https://www.breitbart.com/the-media/2019/09/28/exclusive-excerpt-charles-hurt-still-winning-why-america-went-all-in-on-donald-trump-and-why-we-must-do-it-again/ excerpt])
*Wead, Doug (2019). ''Inside Trump's White House: The Real Story of His Presidency''. New York: Hatchett Book Group. ISBN 9781546085850.

==Select speeches==
*[https://www.c-span.org/video/?c4650187/president-trump-delivers-inaugural-address President Trump Delivers Inaugural Address], C-SPAN, January 20, 2017.
*[https://www.c-span.org/video/?430931-1/president-trump-calls-preserving-western-civilization-speech-poland President Trump Address at Krasinski Square], C-SPAN, July 6, 2017.
*[https://www.c-span.org/video/?434273-2/president-trump-threatens-destroy-north-korea-un-speech President Trump Remarks at United Nations General Assembly], C-SPAN, September 19, 2017.
*[https://www.c-span.org/video/?446011-1/president-trump-commencement-speech-us-naval-academy U.S. Naval Academy 2018 Commencement Address and Ceremony], C-SPAN, May 25, 2018.
*[https://www.c-span.org/video/?451988-1/president-trump-addresses-un-general-assembly President Trump Address to U.N. General Assembly], C-SPAN, September 25, 2018.
*[https://www.c-span.org/video/?461444-1/president-trump-attends-75th-day-anniversary-commemoration-normandy-france President Trump Attends Normandy D-Day Ceremony], C-SPAN, June 6, 2019.
*[https://www.c-span.org/video/?462091-1/president-trump-speaks-4th-july-celebration President Trump Speaks at 4th of July Celebration], C-SPAN, July 4, 2019.
*[https://www.c-span.org/video/?463700-1/president-trump-calls-global-trade-reform-un-speech President Trump Speaks at U.N. General Assembly], C-SPAN, September 24, 2019.
*[https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/full-text-trumps-2020-march-for-life-speech President Trump Speaks to the March for Life on Jan. 24, 2020]

==External links==
*[https://www.promiseskept.com/ PromisesKept.com], official Trump campaign accomplishments list
*[https://www.whitehouse.gov/trump-administration-accomplishments/ Trump Administration Accomplishments], ''Whitehouse.gov''
*[http://www.magapill.com/ MAGAPILL.com], list of Trump Administration achievements
*[https://www.wnd.com/2018/02/4621979/ Most comprehensive compilation of Trump's 1st-year achievements], ''WND'', March 10, 2018.
*[https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2018/11/here-it-is-complete-list-of-president-trumps-accomplishments-in-the-two-years-since-his-historic-2016-election-win/ Complete List of President Trump’s Accomplishments in the Two Years Since His Historic 2016 Election Win], ''The Gateway Pundit'', November 3, 2018.
*[https://libertycounselaction.org/content/home/37877/trump_s_achievements Trump's Accomplishments], ''Liberty Counsel''
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-aa61qDS_J0 Here’s What Trump Has Accomplished During His Presidency | Larry Elder] on YouTube.

{{Donald Trump achievements}}
[[Category:Donald Trump Achievements]]
[[Category:Featured articles]]

Gun control

2021-04-17T19:26:27Z

Eaglesteven:

'''Gun control''' is a term used by [[liberal]]s when advocating [[unconstitutional]]<ref>The text of the Second Amendment of the U.S. Constitution: "A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed." Per [https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-2/ constitution.congress.gov]</ref> laws designed to disarm<ref>Multiple references:
*Adelmann, Bob (September 16, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/33419-beto-s-threat-to-confiscate-your-ar-15-your-ak-47-confirms-democrats-ultimate-goal-disarm-the-citizenry Beto’s Threat to Confiscate “Your AR-15, Your AK-47” Confirms Democrats’ Ultimate Goal: Disarm the Citizenry]. ''The New American''. Retrieved September 16, 2019.
*Duke, Selwyn (September 17, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/reviews/opinion/item/33437-shocking-beto-admits-he-wants-to-outlaw-almost-all-guns Shocking! Beto Admits He Wants to Outlaw Almost All Guns]. ''The New American''. Retrieved September 17, 2019.</ref> people by restricting the lawful purchase, ownership, or carrying of [[gun]]s, under the guise of "public safety." Studies show that increasing lawful access to guns results in less crime,<ref>''Shall issue: the new wave of concealed handgun permit laws'', Cramer C and Kopel D. Golden CO: Independence Institute Issue Paper. October 17, 1994</ref> but, despite the fact that gun ownership is a Constitutional right, [[Leftist]]s push gun control because it increases the dependency of voters on government for protection while disarming citizens from any [[self-defense]] against violent crime or [[tyranny]] such as [[genocide]]. Supporters of gun control need only to look at leftist dictatorships such as [[Venezuela]].<ref>Hawkins, Awr (April 30, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/30/msnbc-venezuela-coverage-shows-why-u-s-founders-wanted-armed-citizenry/ MSNBC Venezuela Coverage Shows Why U.S. Founders Wanted Armed Citizenry]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 1, 2019.</ref><ref>Byas, Steve (May 1, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/item/32167-msnbc-reporter-s-remarks-illustrate-need-for-right-to-keep-and-bear-arms MSNBC Reporter’s Remarks Illustrate Need for Right to Keep and Bear Arms]. ''The New American''. Retrieved May 1, 2019.</ref>

The purpose of gun control is to prevent innocent people from being shot by raving maniacs, and hence gun control is pushed hard by the [[liberal media]] and [[leftist]] politicians.<ref>[http://www.gmu.edu/departments/economics/wew/quotes/repeal.html Quotes of Leftists Demanding Gun Control]</ref> In the [[United Kingdom]], which already has the strictest gun control in Europe, [[leftists]] demand control over 120,000 ''deactivated'' guns, although their activation and use constitute only 0.04% of all gun offenses there. But leftists want gun control because fewer guns means greater dependency on government.<ref>http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article3168607.ece</ref> Gun control can be considered a form of [[doublespeak]].

In a stunning blow to the gun control effort just after Independence Day 2018, the case ''Defense Distributed v. U.S. Department of State'' resulted in a settlement<ref>[https://www.dailywire.com/news/32872/doj-settles-landmark-gun-suit-safeguarding-second-amanda-prestigiacomo DOJ Settles In Landmark Gun Suit, Safeguarding The Second Amendment]</ref> and an admission on part of the [[Department of Justice]] that stated:

<blockquote>Non-automatic firearms up to .50-caliber – including modern semi-auto sporting rifles such as the popular [[AR-15]] and similar firearms – are not inherently military.<ref>[http://joshblackman.com/blog/2018/07/10/doj-second-amendment-foundation-reach-settlement-in-defense-distributed-lawsuit/ DOJ, Second Amendment Foundation Reach Settlement In Defense Distributed Lawsuit]</ref></blockquote>

==Background==
Gun control is a denial or limitation by [[government]]s of the right to armed [[self-defense]]. "In contrast to most other weaponry, firearms are preeminently defensive in effect."<ref name=polsby>{{cite news|url=http://www.constitution.org/2ll/2ndschol/76holo.htm |work=Washington University Law Quarterly|title=OF HOLOCAUSTS AND GUN CONTROL|quote=This essay seeks to reclaim a serious argument from the lunatic fringe. |first=Daniel|last=Polsby|date=Fall 1997|accessdate=July 14, 2016}}</ref> as promised by the [[Second Amendment]] of the Constitution of the [[United States of America]]. Genocide has occurred only after gun control first disarmed the citizenry.<ref name=polsby/>

Proponents use the discredited – but superficially appealing – claim that fewer lawfully-owned guns lead to less crime, although guns are primarily defensive weapons<ref>People who support gun control claim that gun control laws significantly reduce violent crime. [http://home.sprynet.com/~owl1/irrationality.htm Why People Are Irrational about Politics]</ref><ref>Gun control primarily restricts the lawful acquisition and use of guns. Over 99% of the guns restricted by most gun control regulation are used in a lawful manner.</ref> (see [[Concealed carry]]).

Gun control laws cause enormous hardships. In May 2012, a gun control law resulted in a 20-year prison sentence against an [[African American]] woman for merely firing warning shots against her husband, and there was widespread outrage in [[Florida]] against this unconscionable sentence.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2012/05/11/justice/florida-stand-ground-sentencing/index.html?hpt=hp_t3</ref>

On the federal level of the United States, the three primary [[federal]] gun control laws are:
* [[National Firearms Act]] (1934)
* [[Gun Control Act]] (1968)
* [[Brady Bill]] (1993)

These laws have further been amended by other laws such as the Firearms Owners Protection Act (1986) and the Omnibus Crime Bill (1994).
Seeking a loophole in the federal gun laws, in 2009 Montana passed a law "making guns that are made and kept within state boundaries exempt from federal regulations" including "background checks, licensing and registration."<ref>http://www.ksl.com/?nid=148&sid=6367553</ref> However, the US Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit held that all gun sales affect interstate commerce to the point that federal regulation attaches to guns even if the gun owners and manufacturer promise to keep that make of gun within a single state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2013/08/23/10-36094.pdf|title=''MSSA v. Holder''|work=Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals|date=August 23, 2013|format=PDF|accessdate=April 22, 2016}}</ref>

Most gun control laws are found on the state level, particularly in liberal-leaning states.<ref>Byas, Steve (September 12, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/item/33399-second-amendment-under-assault-in-the-states Second Amendment Under Assault in the States]. ''The New American''. Retrieved September 12, 2019.</ref>

==Weapon forfeiture==
One of the main stated goals of gun control is to prevent criminals from using weapons to commit crimes. So, in addition to laws regulating the sale and possession of weapons, some laws specify forfeiture if a weapon was used during the course of committing a crime. For example, [http://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title19.2/chapter22.2/section19.2-386.29/ Virginia Code § 19.2-386.29] provides:
<blockquote>All pistols, shotguns, rifles, dirks, bowie knives, switchblade knives, ballistic knives, razors, slingshots, brass or metal knucks, blackjacks, stun weapons, and other weapons used by any person in the commission of a criminal offense, shall, upon conviction of such person, be forfeited to the Commonwealth by order of the court trying the case.</blockquote>
There are also federal laws specifying the forfeiture of weapons used during a crime.<ref>E.g.,16 U.S. Code § 128</ref>

So, to the extent that opponents of gun control laws claim that the government is trying to "take away" guns, such provisions are the focus of their concerns.

== The Fallacy and Motivation for Gun Control ==
[[Image:No Weapons Allowed.gif|right]]
Gun control potentially causes an increase in crime by restricting its main deterrent: [[self-defense]]. A study by Professor Gary Kleck, initially a liberal critic of gun control, caused him to change his mind on this issue when the evidence showed that crime was predominantly ''prevented'' when people could carry guns. ''See Point Blank: Guns and Violence in America''.<ref>http://www.largo.org/effects.html</ref> In the United States, law-abiding uses of guns outnumber criminal uses by about a factor of 1000 to 1,<ref>http://www.americanselfdefense.com/gunfacts3.0.pdf (p. 60)</ref> and the removal of guns from everyone eliminates the lawful use of self-defense and its deterrent effect. "[[Americans]] use firearms to defend themselves from criminals at least 764,000 times a year."<ref name="Gallup_LAT">"This figure is the lowest among a group of 9 nationwide surveys done by organizations including Gallup and the Los Angeles Times." (Just Facts - [http://www.justfacts.com/guncontrol.asp Gun Control])</ref> Specific examples of guns being used successfully in [[self-defense]] are easy to find.<ref>Two 70-ish store owners stopped armed robberies of their stores by shooting at the bandits. "The person came in and pointed the gun at him and my father shot him. I'm proud of him." [http://www.buffalonews.com/cityregion/buffaloerie/story/253849.html Buffalo News]</ref><ref>[http://sittingduckpolicy.com/ Sitting Duck Policy: True Stories of Self-Defense]</ref> "In 1982, a survey of imprisoned criminals found that 34% of them had been "scared off, shot at, wounded or captured by an armed victim."<ref name="Gallup_LAT"/> When Florida began allowing its citizens to carry a concealed weapon, [[Florida]]'s firearm homicide rate fell by 37% while the national average ''increased'' by 15%.<ref name="Gallup_LAT"/> As explained below, the political effect of gun control is to cause voters to become more dependent emotionally on government and more supportive of bigger government.

Actual gun-related crime deaths in the United States are far out of proportion to the 300 million firearms owned by its populace.

There are about 30,000 gun-related deaths per year out of a population of 328 million, but a recent breakdown shows that even these low amounts have little to do with violent criminality. 23,000 of them are suicides, which can't be prevented by gun laws. 1,000 of them are caused by police in the line of duty, so are not connected to gun-control laws. 500 are accidental deaths, so are also non-criminal, leaving mostly criminal 5,500 gun-related deaths.

Of these 5,500, a large share of these occur in large cities, the greatness of which suggest them to be the effect of municipal mismanagement rather than an excess of firearms. For example, strict gun controls in London on the other side of the Atlantic caused a mushrooming of knife crime.

America's large cities' tendencies to violence, the deaths of which would not be expected to change, regardless of weapons of choice, can be subtracted as follows: 298 in St. Louis, 327 in Detroit, 328 in Baltimore, 764 in Chicago. These four chronically-mismanaged cities alone account for a full 30% of all statistically-reduced 5,500 criminal gun deaths, leaving 3,900 criminal gun-related causes-of-death for everywhere else in America.

Risk-comparison studies show these numbers of deaths in the United States to be small both when compared with other causes of death and when compared with the proportion of media coverage they receive.

For example 70,000+ die each year of drug overdoses, 49,000 die each year of the flu, 37,000 die of traffic fatalities, 250,000 die of preventable medical errors and 610,000 die of heart disease.

Studies by [[John Lott]] and others also indicate that gun control causes higher crime rates.<ref>[http://www.johnrlott.com/ John Lott's Website]</ref> [[Washington, D.C.]] has one of the highest crime rates in America even though it completely bans private handguns.<ref>[http://www.disastercenter.com/crime/dccrime.htm District of Columbia Crime Rates 1960 - 2006]</ref> "Switzerland, Israel, Denmark and Finland, all of whom have a higher gun ownership rate than America, all have lower crime rates than America, in fact, their crime rates are among the lowest in the Western World."<ref>Slashdoc - [http://www.slashdoc.com/documents/71244 gun control]</ref> Lott demonstrates that in Britain, [[Australia]] and [[Canada]], increased gun control in the late 1990s led to increased crime, the exact opposite of what the proponents of the gun control promised.<ref>John R. Lott Jr. and Eli Lehrer - [http://johnrlott.tripod.com/op-eds/IBDGunConFailure.html Add Gun Control To Litany Of Misbegotten Gov't Plans]</ref> States in the [[U.S.]] that have enacted concealed-carry laws enjoy lower crime rates.<ref>[http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=4706 Cato report]</ref>

[[image:Robbery victims per 100K.png|300px|thumb|Source data: Australian Bureau of Statistics]]
[[image:Robbery victims.png|300px|thumb|Source data: Australian Bureau of Statistics]]

In Australia, where gun ownership was less widespread and the gun control measures were less strict, there was an immediate increase in robbery and armed robbery after the gun control went into effect in 1996 (see chart at right).<ref>

Gun control passed in Australia because "public was immediately whipped into a gun control frenzy by the press" after the "Port Arthur massacre" in Tasmania on April 28, 1996, in which 32 were shot dead and 19 injured. "Although polls done prior to the massacre indicated that the public was satisfied with the amount of 'gun control' they already had, a major newspaper did a poll just a few days after the massacre (while all minds were "clear") and, not surprisingly, found high levels of support for extreme gun control measures. This poll would be used forever by the commonwealth government and other gun controllers to claim that Australians supported the new gun laws to come." - [http://www.gunsandcrime.org/aussiegc.html Gun Control in Australia] (by gunsandcrime.org)</ref>

There is no clear evidence supporting a decrease in crime from gun control.<ref name="Results">[http://www.gunsandcrime.org/auresult.html Results of the Australian Gun "Buyback" & New Gun Laws], October 2001</ref><ref>[http://bjc.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/azl084v1 Study showing lack of promised benefits from gun control]</ref> Although from 1979 to 1996, 11,110 Australians died by gunshot representing an annual average of 617. In the seven years after new gun laws were announced (1997 to 2003), the yearly average almost halved, to 331. In the decade up to and including Port Arthur There have been 11 mass shootings where 100 people were shot dead and another 52 wounded, while in In the 10 years since 1996 and the new gun laws, not one mass shooting (more than five victims) has occurred in Australia (although in 2002 a gunman killed two and wounded four at Monash University) <ref name="theage.com.au">http://www.theage.com.au/news/opinion/a-safer-place-after-howards-gun-buyback/2006/04/27/1145861484114.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap1</ref>

Subsequent to gun control in England:<ref>http://www.reason.com/news/show/28582.html</ref>
[[File:Send_a_gun_to_a_British_home.jpg|thumb|right|[[Second Amendment]]-supporting [[American]] [[citizen]]s gifted their [[firearm]]s to [[gun free zone]]-gun control supporting [[British]] citizens during [[World War II]] via [[The American Committee for the Defense of British Homes]]]]

:"from 1997 to 2001, the rate of violent crime more than doubled. Your chances of being mugged in London are now [as of 2002] six times greater than in New York. England's rates of assault, robbery, and burglary are far higher than America's, and 53 percent of English burglaries occur while occupants are at home, compared with 13 percent in the U.S., where burglars admit to fearing armed homeowners more than the police. In a United Nations study of crime in 18 developed nations published in July, England and Wales led the Western world's crime league, with nearly 55 crimes per 100 people."<ref>However this increase in recorded violent crime between 1997 and 2001 is explained by the Home Office as a result of changes in the definition of violent crime and new counting rules introduced in 1998. [http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs04/rdsolr1804.pdf Violent Crime in England and Wales] According to the British Crime Survey, which is considered a more reliable guide to trends in crime [http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs06/crime-statistics-independent-review-06.pdf], violent crime fell 24% between 1997 and 2001/02, and burglary fell 40% over the same period.[http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs05/hosb1105tab201.xls Trends in BCS incidents of crime]</ref>

Gun control in Britain and Australia has been followed by a predictable shift to the left politically by voters as they lost their instrument of self-defense and became more emotionally dependent on government. Contrast that with the [[United States]], where an effort to push gun control after the [[Columbine massacre]] failed in 2000 and the government has remained as [[conservative]]—if not more so—ever since.

The emasculation of the citizenry by gun control also arguably reduces the resistance of a society to intimidation, and exacerbates fear of consequences from causing offense. Subsequent to the passage of strict gun control in [[England]] some teachers have avoided teaching controversial subjects such as the [[Holocaust]], the Arab-Israeli conflict and the [[Crusades]] during history classes.<ref>http://www.dfes.gov.uk/research/data/uploadfiles/RW100.pdf</ref>
Teaching Emotive and Controversial History 3-19 (p. 15) The anti-self-defense attitude of British authorities has also turned criminals into "victims" and victims who fight back into "criminals." One particularly egregious case involved a farmer being sentenced to life imprisonment for defending himself in his home after the home was repeatedly burglarized <ref>http://www.theinternetparty.org/commentary/c_s.php?td=200107200000&section_type=com</ref>

== Trends ==
After decades of increasing gun control laws, the current trend in the [[United States]] is in the direction of more gun rights. The 1994 Omnibus Crime Bill included a ban on certain new rifles labeled assault rifles solely because of features of their appearance, and on new high-capacity magazines. This law recently expired and was not renewed by [[Congress]]. Also, Washington D.C.'s gun ban was struck down as unconstitutional by the U.S. Court of Appeals on March 9, 2007.<ref>The New York Times - [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/09/washington/09cnd-gun.html?hp Appeals Court Says Gun Ban Violates 2nd Amendment]</ref><ref>The Washington Post - [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/09/AR2007030902416.html D.C.'s Ban On Handguns In Homes Is Thrown Out]</ref>

By removing the deterrent effect of guns, gun control causes dramatic increases in crimes committed with other weapons:<ref name="bbc">http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/2656875.stm</ref>

:You are now six times more likely to be mugged in [[London]] than [[New York]]. Why? Because as common law appreciated, not only does an armed individual have the ability to protect himself or herself but criminals are less likely to attack them. They help keep the peace. A study found American burglars fear armed home-owners more than the police. As a result burglaries are much rarer and only 13% occur when people are at home, in contrast to 53% in England.

Supporters of gun control argue that homicide with guns is much less in [[England]] than in the [[United States]],<ref>In 2005/06, the total number of victims of homicide by shooting (including crossbows) in England and Wales was 50 and there were 212 victims of homicide by sharp instruments. Home Office Statistical Bulletin - [http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs07/hosb0207.pdf Homicides, Firearm Offences and Intimate Violence 2005/2006][http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/hosb0104.pdf] The data for gun deaths in the United States include guns used in self-defense, as in fending off an assault, robbery or rape, and there were a total of 11,350 gun deaths (including deaths of criminals) in 2005. US Department of Justice, FBI - [http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/05cius/data/table_01.html Crime in the United States by Volume and Rate per 100,000 Inhabitants, 1986 - 2005]</ref> but that was true even before gun control and is likely due to cultural reasons. "A study comparing New York and London over 200 years found the New York homicide rate consistently five times the London rate, although for most of that period residents of both cities had unrestricted access to firearms. When guns were available in England they were seldom used in crime. A government study for 1890-1892 found an average of one handgun homicide a year in a population of 30 million."<ref name="bbc" />

Gun control laws are often seen to conflict with the [[Second Amendment]] to the [[United States Constitution]], which recognizes the right to bear arms. The Second Amendment reads: "A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a [[Free States Movement|free State]], the [[unalienable rights|right]] of the People to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed."

The "right to keep and bear arms" is a right guaranteed to the American citizen by the Bill of Rights through the virtue of a selective reading of said Bill. The phrase "a well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state" precedes the statement, and most federal Courts of Appeals have held that this phrase requires that the "right to bear arms" relates to the collective rights of state militias, as opposed to the individual's rights to have any weapon desired. Just recently, the Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit went against nine other circuits in holding that the Second Amendment constitutes an individual right.<ref>The New York Times - [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/10/washington/10gun.html?_r=1&oref=slogin Court Rejects Strict Gun Law as Unconstitutional]</ref><ref>FOX News - [https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,258067,00.html Appeals Court Strikes Down Washington, D.C. Handgun Ban]</ref> However, according to the judge writing for the majority in this case, its decision does still allow for "reasonable restrictions" on gun ownership and use, such as carrying of guns by intoxicated individuals, or in churches.

Only six cities in the United States ban handguns: [[Washington, D.C.]], [[Chicago]], and four of its suburbs.<ref>David Kopel, "The Democrats and Gun Control," Wall St.J., Page A19, April 17, 2008 [http://online.wsj.com/article_email/SB120839466717921537-lMyQjAxMDI4MDE4NzMxOTc0Wj.html]</ref> Some specific locations have also been labeled "[[gun-free zone]]s," including schools, shopping malls, movie theaters, corporate offices, and more. In most cases, mass-shootings take place in these gun-free zones, since those who obey the rules do not carry, while those already planning to break the law disregard this rule. When attempted in areas where firearms are permitted, [[Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens|mass-shootings have often been quickly stopped by armed citizens]].

Support for stricter gun control laws fell deeply between 1992 and 2012, and while it rose in the succeeding six years, support levels remained far lower than in 1992.<ref>Hawkins, Awr (October 20, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2018/10/20/poll-gun-control-support-down-17-percent-over-past-28-years/ Poll: Gun Control Support Down 17 Percent Over Past 28 Years]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved October 21, 2018.</ref>

==Overview==
"Gun control" can include:

* Restricting which persons can own firearms.
* Restrictions on the number of firearms a person may own, or purchase during a given time period
* Requirements that privately owned firearms be registered with the government.
* Bans on certain types of firearms; for example, "handguns" or assault rifles
* Restrictions on where firearms may be carried, for example into restaurants or post offices
* Requiring a "background check" and/or a "waiting period" to purchase a firearm
* Restricting when and where firearms may be bought and sold, for example banning their sale through the mail
* Requiring licenses or some other form of permission from the government to buy and/or sell a firearm
* Requiring some form of permission from the government to carry a firearm in public, either concealed or openly
* Laws granting special gun rights for some people, for example, retired law enforcement officers, which are denied the rest of the public, which was used in several southern states.
* Outright bans on carrying firearms in public
* Outright bans on private possession of firearms, though this has never occurred in the United States (with the exception of some municipalities, prior to those bans being struck down in court)

===Arguments in favor===
"The only purpose of a gun is to kill people."

The sixth commandment of the [[Ten Commandments]] in Exodus 20:13 in the [[Bible]] states, "You shall not murder."

Advocates point to the number of accidental deaths caused by children gaining access to improperly-stored guns. According to the [[Brady Campaign]], a [[liberal]] organization that advocates for gun control, in the United States, " 1 out of 3 homes with kids have guns and nearly 1.7 million children live in a home with an unlocked, loaded gun."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bradycampaign.org/key-gun-violence-statistics|title=Key Gun Violence Statistics|accessdate=July 14, 2017}}</ref>

Another argument is that of suicide prevention. Guns are highly effective tools for committing suicide with a reported success rate of over 95%, whereas other common methods such as overdoses and cutting have a less than 10% success rate.

===Arguments against===
[[Ann Coulter]] wrote, "Numerous studies, including one by the National Institute of Justice, show that crime victims who resist a criminal with a gun are less likely to be injured than those who do not resist at all or who resist without a gun. That's true even when the assailant is armed."<ref>http://www.anncoulter.com/columns/2013-03-27.html#read_more</ref>

[[Emily Miller]] wrote,
"New York City Mayor [[Michael R. Bloomberg]] has spent tens of millions of his billions trying to get his gun bans instituted in the rest of America, even though these laws have never stopped criminals from getting guns."<ref>[https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2013/aug/26/miller-bloomberg-loses-stop-and-frisk-and-nra-gets/ Bloomberg loses stop and frisk, and NRA gets blamed: The mayor’s default disgust for gun owners tarnishes his life-saving program] - [[Emily Miller]]</ref>

Critics, such as Awr Hawkins of [[Breitbart.com]], have argued that background checks, a form of gun control, have done nothing to prevent gun crimes.<ref name="Hawkins"/>

Hawkins has also pointed out that despite [[France]] having very strict gun control laws, the nation has had many [[List of Islamist terrorist attacks|Islamic terrorist attacks]] that used a variety of weapons, including guns and rifes.<ref>Hawkins, Awr (April 21, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/london/2017/04/21/france-2015-to-present-strict-gun-control-a-paper-tiger/ France 2015 to Present: Strict Gun Control a Paper Tiger]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 22, 2017.</ref>

Since 1950, 97.8% of mass public shootings have occurred in [[gun-free zone]]s.<ref>[https://crimeresearch.org/2018/06/more-misleading-information-from-bloombergs-everytown-for-gun-safety-on-guns-analysis-of-recent-mass-shootings/ UPDATED: Mass Public Shootings keep occurring in Gun-Free Zones: 97.8% of attacks since 1950]. ''Crime Prevention Research Center''. June 15, 2018. Retrieved November 10, 2018.</ref><ref>Hawkins, Awr (November 20, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2018/11/20/study-97-8-percent-mass-shootings-since-1950-gun-free-zones/ Study: 97.8% of Mass Shootings Since 1950 Occurred in ‘Gun-Free Zones’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 20, 2018.</ref> On the other hand, a 2018 analysis of FBI data by Jacob Paulsen found that 94% of all mass shootings [[Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens|were thwarted by law-abiding armed citizens]].<ref>Duke, Selwyn (November 28, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/crime/item/30766-guns-saving-lives-study-armed-citizens-thwart-active-shooters-94-of-the-time Guns Save Lives — Armed Citizens Thwart Active Shooters 94 Percent of the Time]. ''The New American''. Retrieved November 28, 2018.</ref> Additionally, the U.S. experiences a lower rate of mass shootings compared to the global average.<ref>Tapscott, Mark (June 2, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/data-call-into-question-demands-for-new-gun-control-laws_2947821.html Data May Call Into Question Demands for New Gun Control Laws]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved June 3, 2019.</ref> Student deaths by active-shooters are nine times more likely in gun-free zones.<ref>Duke, Selwyn (July 2, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/crime/item/32759-student-active-shooter-deaths-9-times-as-likely-with-gun-free-zone-status-quo Student Active-shooter Deaths 9 Times as Likely With "Gun-free Zone" Status Quo]. ''The New American''. Retrieved July 3, 2019.</ref>

==Constitutional Debate==
The [[Second Amendment]] reads:

"A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the People to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed."

Most constitutional scholars agree that since the amendment refers to "the right of the People" instead of the right of the militia, it protects an individual right to own guns. The reason for this was the fact that the supplying of guns for the military and militas was already provided for in Article I Section 8 as a power of Congress. The extent of that right was something hotly debated for decades, until the Supreme Court ruling of 26 June 2008, Heller v District of Columbia.

The majority opinion, written by Justice [[Antonin Scalia]], held for the first time that the Constitution provides an individual right to bear arms, such as for self-defense, rather than a right that applies only to a state militia.

The decision upheld an appellate court ruling striking down Washington, D.C.'s 1976 handgun ban. The case marked the first time in more than 70 years that the Supreme Court had addressed the Second Amendment ''and the first time it spoke directly about the implication of an individual right''. The court struck down two of the District of Columbia's gun control laws: its handgun ban and its requirement that other firearms kept at home have a trigger lock or be disassembled.

Relying on the broader historical record, Justice Scalia wrote:
{{cquote|'''putting all of these textual elements together, we find that they guarantee the individual right to possess and carry weapons in case of confrontation.'''}}

Scalia noted that the ruling should not be interpreted to "cast doubt on long-standing prohibitions on the possession of firearms by felons or the mentally ill, or laws forbidding the carrying of firearms in sensitive places such as schools and government buildings." <ref>[http://www.scotusblog.com/wp/wp-content/uploads/2008/06/07-2901.pdf Supreme Court Opinion, District of Columbia v Heller]</ref>

==Racism of gun control==
In the [[United States of America]], gun control has a strong racist origin and reasoning. Before the Civil War ended, State "Slave Codes" prohibited slaves from owning guns. After President [[Abraham Lincoln]] issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, and after the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution abolishing slavery was adopted and the Civil War ended in 1865, States persisted in prohibiting blacks, now freemen, from owning guns under laws renamed "Black Codes." They did so on the basis that blacks were not citizens, and thus did not have the same rights, including the right to keep and bear arms protected in the Second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, as whites. This view was specifically articulated by the [[U.S. Supreme Court]] in its infamous 1857 decision in ''[[Dred Scott v. Sandford]]'' to uphold slavery.

The United States Congress overrode most portions of the Black Codes by passing the Civil Rights Act of 1866. The legislative histories of both the Civil Rights Act and the Fourteenth Amendment, as well as The Special Report of the Anti-Slavery Conference of 1867, are replete with denunciations of those particular statutes that denied blacks equal access to firearms. [Kates, "Handgun Prohibition and the Original Meaning of the Second Amendment," 82 Mich. L. Rev. 204, 256 (1983)] However, facially neutral disarming through economic means laws remain in effect.

After the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution in 1878, most States turned to "facially neutral" business or transaction taxes on handgun purchases. However, the intention of these laws was not neutral. An article in Virginia's official university law review called for a "prohibitive tax...on the privilege" of selling handguns as a way of disarming "the son of Ham," whose "cowardly practice of 'toting' guns has been one of the most fruitful sources of crime.... Let a negro board a railroad train with a quart of mean whiskey and a pistol in his grip and the chances are that there will be a murder, or at least a row, before he alights."<ref>Comment, Carrying Concealed Weapons, 15 Va L. Reg. 391, 391-92 (1909); George Mason University Civil Rights Law Journal (GMU CR LJ), Vol. 2, No. 1, "Gun Control and Racism," Stefan Tahmassebi, 1991, p. 75.</ref> Thus, many Southern States imposed high taxes or banned inexpensive guns so as to price blacks and poor whites out of the gun market.

Today, "gun control" laws continue to be enacted so as to have a racist effect if not intent:

* Police-issued license and permit laws, unless drafted to require issuance to those not prohibited by law from owning guns, are routinely used to prevent lawful gun ownership among "unpopular" populations.
* Public housing residents, approximately 3 million Americans, are singled out for gun bans.
* "Gun sweeps" by police in "high crime neighborhoods" whereby vehicles and "pedestrians who meet a specific profile that might indicate they are carrying a weapon" are searched are becoming popular, and are being studied by the [[U.S. Department of Justice]] as "Operation Ceasefire."
* Some U.S. cities with high minority populations, such as Washington, D.C., are singled out for gun bans.
* "Project Exile" began in the U.S. city of Richmond, Virginia and mandated that people arrested for technical firearms violations (note: not for violent crimes committed with a firearm, but for technical violations of the law) be tried in federal court where they would be subject to lengthy mandatory minimum sentences rather than in state court under the more lenient Virginia laws. As with many other restrictions this was aimed primarily at the city's Black residents. It has since been copied in many other cities.

The [[Ku Klux Klan]] began also as a gun-control organization.<ref>http://www.examiner.com/article/kkk-began-as-gun-control-organization-confirms-racist-roots-of-gun-control</ref>

== Sexism of gun control ==

Firearms, especially lower recoiling ones such as many handguns, allow any person to wield enough power to stop another person from attacking them.<ref name="genderDiscrimination1">http://www.learnaboutguns.com/2008/03/19/firearms-rights-are-a-gender-equality-issue-too/</ref> Many women (quite reasonably) fear the threat of attack by a physically stronger man, and a firearm could prevent many of these attacks, but gun bans leave these women vulnerable. Take the case of the “North Side Rapist” in Chicago, a city where hand guns are banned, as an example: The rapist broke in to the women's homes, and at least one of the women heard him break in and then climb the stairs. Had this woman had a handgun, she almost certainly could have stopped the rapist before it was too late. This would have prevented her from enduring such a horrific crime, as well as preventing the rapist's future victims from experiencing the same thing. Instead, Chicago law prevented her from being able to defend herself, and gave the advantage to the rapist/home-invader. This is not an isolated incident, and similar events happen every day across the county.

== Elitism of gun control ==

Many of the most ardent American anti-gun politicians, such as Chicago's Mayor Daley, are protected by taxpayer-sponsored armed body guards, but deny law abiding citizens the right to defend themselves with a gun.<ref name="classDiscrimination1">http://www.learnaboutguns.com/2008/04/16/a-double-standard-anti-gun-politicians-and-their-gun-toting-bodyguards/</ref> These politicians seemingly believe themselves to be part of an elite group who deserve to be protected against violent criminals, while ordinary law-abiding citizens are left with less-effective means to defend themselves, and must instead rely on the police arriving in time.

== Gun control outside the United States ==
{{See also|Gun Control in Nazi Germany}}
Gun control advocates cite foreign countries to argue that gun control can reduce crime, but such comparison can be difficult due to the presence of other factors. For example, they cite [[Singapore]] as having gun control and a lower crime rate than the United States, but Singapore has a population of 5 million people and one of the highest literacy and average wealth in the world. It lacks many of the freedoms found in the United States and strictly imposes harsh physical punishment, such as caning and the [[death penalty]], for crimes that are not punished so harshly in the United States. The real issue of the security in Singapore is its tight criminal control, not the gun control itself.

Gun control supporters also cite [[Gun Control in Japan|Japan's gun control laws]], which severely restrict gun ownership and crime rates are relatively low. But [[Japan]] also lacks many freedoms and diversity which exist in the United States, and Japan has strong cultural deterrents to crime. Ironically, Japan is home to [[Tokyo Marui]], the world's largest airsoft gun manufacturer, which designs airsoft guns that are made to the same scale and with the same materials as the real counterpart and which have been mistaken by police for real guns.

In the [[European Union]], gun control is more strict than in the United States, but gun ownership differs widely between member states, from 36 per 100 people in [[Cyprus]] to one per 100 in [[Poland]]." In [[Switzerland]], on the other hand, gun ownership is quite widespread, which no doubt contributes to its reputation as a peaceful and neutral country.<ref>[http://archives.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/europe/09/27/switzerland.shooting Gun control in Switzerland]</ref> In November 2007, the [[European Parliament]] passed legislation to tighten and harmonize gun control across the EU, and oblige each member state to set up a computerized database of firearms, as it "hoped to prevent Europe from becoming a gun-friendly culture like the United States". Parliament wanted to limit cross-border trade from states with less control to those with tougher laws, such as from [[Lithuania]], where replica guns can cost as little as [[Euro|€]]100 (US$150), to the United Kingdom, where most replicas are outlawed.

In Australia, gun violence has always been significantly lower than other types of violence.<ref>http://www.gunsandcrime.org/aussiegc.html</ref> Australia has not experienced considerable violence problems with legally purchased guns. It has always had a much lower homicide rate than the more violent culture in the United States.<ref>In Australia the gun related homicide rate is 0.44 per 100,000 of population. In the US it is about 8 times as high at 3.72 per 100,000 of population.</ref> From 1979 to 1996, 11,110 Australians died by gunshot representing an annual average of 617. In the seven years after new gun laws were announced (1997 to 2003), the yearly average almost halved, to 331. In the decade up to and including Port Arthur There have been 11 mass shootings where 100 people were shot dead and another 52 wounded, while in In the 10 years since 1996 and the new gun laws, not one mass shooting (more than five victims) has occurred in Australia (although in 2002 a gunman killed two and wounded four at Monash University).<ref name="theage.com.au"/>

Gun control began in Australia in response to fears that guns would be used by home-grown Communist Revolutionaries.<ref>http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1083528 This study discusses the parallel policies of early-mid 20th century Britain and Australia.</ref> The most restrictive reforms were made in 1996 and 2002, following highly publicized shootings.<ref name="ReferenceA">http://www.theage.com.au/news/opinion/a-safer-place-after-howards-gun-buyback/2006/04/27/1145861484114.html</ref>

Both sets of reforms (1996 and 2002) were lead by Prime Minister [[John Howard]] of the Coalition (Australia's conservative government). Howard was well known as an anti-gun advocate.<ref name="ReferenceB">http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/anger-lingers-among-those-who-lost-their-firearms/2006/04/27/1145861489398.html</ref> The move offended gun supporters, many of whom had traditionally supported the Coalition.<ref name="ReferenceB"/> Despite the loss of this voting group, Howard won elections following both reforms (in 1998 and 2004).

There is controversy over the success of Australia's gun restrictions. Studies suggest overall gun violence has decreased since the 1996 and 2002 bans.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> However, Australia's bike and drug gangs, the main perpetrators of gun violence, still easily access illegal firearms.<ref>http://www.theage.com.au/news/in-depth/a-disarming-cause/2006/04/27/1145861489519.html</ref> Further, the overall homicide rate remains constant.<ref>http://www.theage.com.au/news/opinion/a-safer-place-after-howards-gun-buyback/2006/04
/27/1145861484114.html?page=2</ref>

[[Brazil]] enacted strict gun control laws in the early 20th century, and in the two subsequent decades saw a massive increase in violent crime.<ref>De Castro, Fernando (September 14, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/gun-control-and-crime-rise-in-brazil_3073802.html Gun Control and Crime Rise in Brazil]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved September 15, 2019.</ref>

In [[Canada]], notably [[authoritarian]]<ref>https://troymedia.com/viewpoint/trudeau-canada-road-authoritarianism/</ref> Prime Minister "Jihadi Justin"<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUA1bgBM3SU</ref> Trudeau exploited the worst mass shooting event in that country's history to push for stricter gun control measures, including widespread assault-weapon bans.<ref>https://www.newsmax.com/t/newsmax/article/964025?section=newsfront&keywords=trudeau-guncontrol-canadashooting&year=2020&month=04&date=21&id=964025</ref> The shooter was not even a lawful gun owner.<ref>https://www.rebelnews.com/nova_scotia_shooter_was_not_a_legal_gun_owner_rcmp_confirm</ref>

== Gun Control and Genocide ==

Gun control "contributes to the probability of its government engaging" in [[genocide]], including the three worst instances in the 20th century:<ref>"[A] society's weapons policy might be one of the institutional arrangements that contributes to the probability of its government engaging in some of the more extreme varieties of outrage. ... [I]t is [] an arresting reality that not one of the principal genocides of the twentieth century, and there have been dozens, has been inflicted on a population that was armed." [http://ls.wustl.edu/WULQ/75-3/753-4.html Washington University Law Quarterly]</ref>

*The [[Ottoman Empire]] had gun control and then, from 1915 to 1918, killed 3.5 million out of 5 million Ottoman Christians, including 1.5 million out of 2 million Armenians, 750,000 out of 1 million Assyrian Christians, and 250,000 million out of 1 million Pontic Greeks.

*In 1917, one of the first things the Bolsheviks did upon taking power was to disarm the population, and because Czarist Russia was one the most heavily armed societies on earth, the crime rate was just as low as Switzerland, and it was easier to resist Napoleon than Adolf Hitler.<ref>http://www.pravdareport.com/opinion/columnists/28-12-2012/123335-americans_guns-0/</ref> The result of disarmament was a civil war followed by Stalin's purges, whose average estimate killed 20 million.

*In 1938, [[Nazi Germany]] under [[Adolf Hitler]] imposed gun control and then after sparking World War II, Europe under its control killed killed 6 million out of 9 million European Jews,<ref>https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10008193</ref> as well as 27 million Soviets (one in three were soldiers), 3 million Poles, and 2 million Serbs.<ref>http://www.self.gutenberg.org/articles/eng/World_War_II_casualties_of_the_Soviet_Union</ref> The American Gun Control Act of 1968 is modeled off the Nazi Gun Control Act of 1938, while the FOID (Firearms Owner's ID), adopted by Illinois in 1968, is modeled off Nazi gun licensing.<ref>http://mobile.wnd.com/2012/12/the-nazi-roots-of-u-s-gun-control-laws/</ref>

*In 1935, [[China]] under [[Chiang Kai-shek]] established gun control during the Warlord period, enabling the invading Imperial Japanese Army to easily kill 12 million Chinese during World War II, and then from 1966–1976, 20 million political dissidents were killed in [[Mao Zedong]]'s Cultural Revolution. In ''Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung'', Mao said, “Every Communist must grasp the truth; Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun."

*From 1975–1979, [[Pol Pot]] established gun control in [[Cambodia]] exterminating three million out of nine million Cambodians.

*In 1970, [[Uganda]] imposed gun control. Between 1971 and 1979 300,000 Christians and political oppositionals were killed.<ref>https://www.nationalreview.com/corner/66751/gun-control-amin/dave-kopel#</ref>

"The Nazis made only two important changes to the Weapons Law that was in place when they came to power. First, they forbade Jews from owning guns or any other weapon. Second, they exempted members of the Sturmabteilung (SA) and many Nazi party officials from the law's strictures."<ref name=polsby/> The German Firearms Act of 1937 stated "No civilian is to have a firearm without a permit and permits shall not be issued to persons suspected of acting against the state. ''For Jews, this permission will not be granted.'' Those people who do not require permission to carry weapons include the whole of the SS, and the SA - including the Deaths Head group, and the officers of the Hitler youth." <ref name="Volokh">[http://www.freerepublic.com/forum/a38d04d5c7c40.htm The Journalist's Guide to Gun Policy Scholars and Second Amendment Scholars], Professor Eugene Volokh, FreeRepublic.com, March 15, 2000</ref>

Adolf Hitler said, "The most foolish mistake we could possibly make would be to permit the conquered eastern peoples to have arms. History teaches that all conquerors who have allowed their subject races to carry arms have prepared their own downfall by doing so." <ref name="Volokh" />

[[Josef Stalin]], former dictator of the [[USSR]] and murderer of over 20 million people, infamously supported gun control in the fear that his evil regime might be torn down and so only soldiers could have firearms.

== Gun Control and Dictators ==

"One man with a gun can control 100 without one" - [[Vladimir Lenin]]

"This year will go down in history. For the first time, a civilized nation has full gun registration! Our streets will be safer, our police more efficient, and the world will follow our lead into the future." - [[Adolf Hitler]], 1935.

"A system of licensing and registration is the perfect device to deny gun ownership to the bourgeoisie." - [[Vladimir Lenin]]

"Ideas are more powerful than guns. We would not let our enemies have guns, why should we let them have ideas?” - [[Joseph Stalin]]

"All political power comes from the barrel of a gun. The communist party must command all the guns, that way, no guns can ever be used to command the party." [[Chairman Mao]]

"The most foolish mistake we could possibly make would be to allow the subject races to possess arms. History shows that all conquerors who have allowed their subject races to carry arms have prepared their own downfall by so doing." - quoted in [[Hitler]]'s ''Tischegesprache Im Fuhrerhauptquartier'' 1941–1942.

"If the opposition disarms, well and good. If it refuses to disarm, we shall disarm it ourselves." - [[Joseph Stalin]]

"Under no pretext should arms and ammunition be surrendered; any attempt to disarm the workers must be frustrated, by force if necessary"'' - [[Karl Marx]]<ref>https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/communist-league/1850-ad1.htm</ref>

== Gun Control and young mass murderers ==

{{Main|Young mass murderers}}

Strict gun control failed and still fails to prevent mass murderers from starting killing sprees while the victims are unable to defend themselves.

Compare the cases of Pekka-Eric Auvinen ([[Finland]]) and Robert Steinhäuser ([[Germany]]) with the case of Matthew Murray. The latter was stopped by an armed citizen before he could harm more victims; Auvinen killed 8 people and Steinhäuser killed 16. Both Finland and Germany have gun control laws.

U.S. Senator from [[West Virginia]] [[Joe Manchin]] supported legislation to establish universal background checks across the nation. He pushed it after the [[Sandy Hook massacre]], despite the fact that even he admitted that the legislation would not have stopped the massacre, since the shooter stole the weapons he used.<ref name="Hawkins">Hawkins, Awr (April 21, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/04/21/joe-manchin-trump-fortitude-make-senate-pass-gun-control/ Joe Manchin: Trump Has the ‘Fortitude’ to Make Senate Pass Gun Control]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 22, 2017.</ref> Background checks have been shown to be ineffective in preventing other shootings as well.<ref name="Hawkins"/>

==See also==
* [[List of state constitutions containing a RKBA provision]]
* [[Beto O'Rourke]]
* [[Arming America]]

==Further reading==
*Charles, Robert (March 28, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2018/03/28/if-second-amendment-falls-our-entire-bill-rights-falls.html If the Second Amendment falls, our entire Bill of Rights falls]. ''Fox News''.
*Williams, Walter E. (July 17, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/reviews/opinion/item/32871-things-haven-t-always-been-this-way Things Haven’t Always Been This Way]. ''The New American''.

==External links==

=== Opposed to gun control ===
*[http://www.2asisters.org/ Second Amendment Sisters]
*[http://www.nra.org/ The National Rifle Association]
*[http://www.nrapublications.org/AC/index.asp Armed citizens defending themselves.]
*[http://www.a-human-right.com/ A Human Right] Discussion of the human right to self-defense with a firearm.
*[http://www.learnaboutguns.com/ Learn About Guns] Firearm information and politics.
*[http://www.gunowners.org/ Gun Owners of America] A no-compromise pro-gun lobby in Washington, D.C.
*[http://www.aim.org/wls/category/gun-control/ What Liberals Say - Category: Gun Control]
*[http://www.guncite.com/ GunCite: Gun Control and Second Amendment Issues]
*[http://jpfo.org/ Jews for the Preservation of Firearms Ownership]
*[http://nssf.org/ National Shooting Sports Foundation]
*[http://concealedcampus.org/ Students for Concealed Carry]
*[https://www.theblaze.com/contributions/the-long-racist-history-of-gun-control-in-america/ The Long, Racist History of Gun Control in America]

=== In favor of gun control ===
*[http://www.guninformation.org/ Gun Control and the Second Amendment]
*[http://www.huppi.com/kangaroo/L-switzerland.htm Myth: Switzerland proves that high gun-ownership doesn't increase murder]
*[http://www.bradycampaign.org/ Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence]
*[http://www.vpc.org/ Violence Policy Center]
*[http://www.lwv.org/ League of Women Voters]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}

[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:United States Political Terms]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]

Young Earth Creationism

2021-04-17T19:26:16Z

Eaglesteven: addition

[[Image:Michelangelo creation-of-sun-and-moon.jpg|right|alt=Young earth creationism|thumb|310px|[[Michelangelo|Michelangelo's]] painting of the creation of the [[Sun]] and [[Moon]].]]
'''Young Earth Creationism''', sometimes abbreviated ''YEC'',<ref>"YEC", can refer to Young Earth Creationist or Young Earth Creationism. "YECs" refers to Young Earth Creationists.</ref> is a form of [[creationism]] which holds that the [[earth]] and the [[universe]] are approximately 6,000 years old.<ref>Sarfati, 1999, [http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/3837 Chapter 8, How old is the earth?].</ref><ref>Sarfati, 1999, [http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/3836 Chapter 7, Astronomy] of Refuting Evolution.</ref>

Young earth creationists are clown meatheads who hold that both creation and the [[Evolution|evolutionary position]] are at root tied to [[worldview]]s, and because they are both claims about historical (or prehistorical) events, they depend on untestable assumptions. At the same time, young earth [[Creation Science|creation scientists]] argue that the young universe view is the explanation that best fits the evidence.

Scientists who advocate an old earth regard young earth creationism as being unscientific. But the predominantly [[atheistic science|atheistic scientists]] rely on a [[double standard]] that ignores numerous [[counterexamples to an Old Earth]], and the believers in an Old Earth also over-rely on flawed [[radiometric dating]].

== Beliefs ==

=== Biblical ===
Young Earth creationism generally takes the following positions regarding the biblical book of [[Genesis]]:
* [[Creation]] took place over a period of six ordinary (solar/24-hour) days, with God then "resting" on the seventh day.
* This creation, described in Genesis as "good" and "very good", was without flaw or defect.
* All people are descended from the first couple, [[Adam]] and [[Eve]].
* Adam and Eve [[sin]]ned, leading to their expulsion from the [[Garden of Eden]].
* A global [[Great Flood|Noachian flood]] occurred, destroying all land-based, air-breathing life, except that on the [[Ark]].
* The dispersal of humanity was caused by God after the [[Tower of Babel]].<ref>[http://www.christiananswers.net/q-abr/confusionoflanguages.html Is there any reference to the confusion of languages at Babel in early Mesopotamian literature?] (ChristianAnswers.Net).</ref><ref>[http://www.christiananswers.net/q-abr/abr-a021.html Is there archaeological evidence of the Tower of Babel?] (ChristianAnswers.Net).</ref><ref>Jackson, Wayne, [http://www.christiancourier.com/archives/babel.htm The Tower of Babel—Legend or History?] December 17, 1999 (Christian Courier).</ref>

Young Earth creationists do not believe that one's view on the age of the Earth has any effect on their salvation, since one is saved through faith alone in Christ alone, but they do believe that the young Earth view does allow one to view the Bible and its authority consistently.<ref>Ham, Ken (September 28, 2019). [https://answersingenesis.org/age-of-the-earth/does-the-gospel-depend-on-a-young-earth/ Chapter 1: Does the Gospel Depend on a Young Earth?] ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved October 2, 2019.</ref>

=== Scientific ===
Young earth creationism holds that the scientific evidence is unreasonably ''interpreted'' by evolutionists and [[atheism|atheists]]/[[naturalism|naturalists]] as supporting their point of view, but that the same evidence can be reasonably interpreted by creationists to support the creationary point of view. This imposes a heavy burden on the testability of both theories, which is one of the reasons why some scientists question whether either the creationary or evolutionary view is scientific.

They further argue that the scientific evidence is more consistent with the creationary point of view than the evolutionary point of view.

Critics argue, however, that none of the YEC beliefs are subject to the scientific method, but the same criticism applies to theories promoted by evolutionists. The scientific method includes the process of making predictions based on your starting hypothesis and then performing experiments to verify those predictions, all in a manner that can be reproduced and validated by a peer review process.

Some specific arguments are as follows:

* The [[First Law of Thermodynamics|first law of thermodynamics]] and [[second law of thermodynamics]] argue against an eternal universe, and these laws point to the universe being created by [[God]].<ref>[http://godevidences.net/space/lawsofscience.php Evidences for God From Space—Laws of Science]</ref><ref>Thompson, Bert, [http://www.apologeticspress.org/articles/2329 So Long, Eternal Universe; Hello Beginning, Hello End!], 2001 (Apologetics Press)</ref><ref>http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/AstroPhysicalSciences14.html</ref>
* The [[theory of evolution]] is at odds with scientific evidence. Evolutionists often cite secular scientific sources which agree with them on various points (for further details please see: [[theory of evolution]] and [[creationism]]).<ref>https://creation.com/frequently-asked-questions-faq</ref>
* Both evolutionary scientists and young earth creation scientists believe that [[speciation]] occurs; however, young earth creation scientists state that speciation generally occurs at a much faster rate than evolutionary scientists believe is the case.<ref>[[Creation Ministries International]], [http://www.creation.com/content/view/3036/ Speciation: Questions and Answers]</ref>
*Many young earth creationists (including those at [[Creation Ministries International]] and [[CreationWiki]]) assert that the [http://creationwiki.org/index.php/Bible_scientific_foreknowledge Bible contains knowledge that shows an understanding of scientific knowledge beyond that believed to exist at the time the Bible was composed].<ref>[http://creationwiki.org/index.php/Bible_scientific_foreknowledge Bible Scientific Foreknowledge]</ref><ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v17/i1/medicine.asp</ref>
* The facts 1) that so many cultures and people record a history of a great flood and 2) that geological evidence of a flood exists in almost every area of the earth, show that it is very likely, if not proven that the great flood did take place.<ref>[http://www.noahs-ark-flood.com/]</ref>
* The fact that history only spans a few thousand years evidences a young Earth. If the Earth were millions of years old, then so would civilization be. This is obviously not the case as recorded history only spans a few thousand years and our level of technology would be much more advanced.

== Biblical exegesis ==

Young earth creationism holds that the book of Genesis is historical in nature and that [[Bible exegesis]] warrants a six-day creation with each day being 24 hours.<ref>[http://creationwiki.org/Days_of_creation Days of Creation] (CreationWiki).</ref><ref>[http://www.answersingenesis.org/home/area/faq/genesis.asp Genesis Questions and Answers] (Answers in Genesis).</ref><ref>Niessen, Richard, [https://www.icr.org/article/164/ Theistic Evolution and the Day-Age Theory] ''Impact'' 81, March 1980.</ref>
Andrew Kulikovsky describes it as follows:
{{QuoteBox|The hermeneutic employed by most YECs is best described as the historical-grammatical method in which historical narrative (such as the book of Genesis) is interpreted as literal history, prophecy is interpreted as prophecy, poetry is interpreted as poetry, etc.
<ref>Kulikovsky, Andrew S., [http://www.creationontheweb.com/images/pdfs/tj/tjv16v2_forster.pdf Fostering fallacy] ''Journal of Creation'' 16(2) 2002, p.31-36.</ref>}}
{{QuoteBox|Historical-grammatical exegesis involves a systematic approach to analyzing in detail the historical situation, events and circumstances surrounding the text, and the semantics and syntactical relationships of the words which comprise the text.<ref>Kulikovsky, Andrew S., [http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/4880/ The Bible and hermeneutics] ''Journal of Creation'' 19(3):14–20, December 2005, p.14-20.</ref>}}

For more than a century, the majority of conservative Old Testament scholars no longer accepted the chronological implications of the Genesis "chrono-genealogies" following the accommodation of the old Princeton Theology (“Primeval Chronology,” ''Bibliotheca Sacra'' 47 (1890): 285-303). However, Jeremy Sexton reexamined this hypothesis in 2015 <ref>: "Who Was Born When Enosh Was 90?: A Semantic Reevaluation of William Henry Green's Chronological Gaps." The Westminster Theological Journal 77, no. 2 (September 2015): 193-218.[http://www.biblearchaeology.org/post/2016/04/06/Who-Was-Born-When-Enosh-Was-90-A-Semantic-Reevaluation-of-William-Henry-Greene28099s-Chronological-Gaps.aspx]</ref> starting the process of returning Old Testament Scholarship to the consensus that held sway since before the coming of Christ ([[Earth age opinions of prominent Christians - pre-1800‎]]).

== Age of the Universe and Earth - General Overview ==
Young earth [[creation]] scientists advance a number of reasons for the earth and [[universe]] being approximately 6,000 years old.<ref>[http://www.answersingenesis.org/home/area/faq/young.asp ‘Young’ age of the Earth & Universe Q&A] (Answers in Genesis).</ref><ref name="AiG Astr QA">[http://www.answersingenesis.org/home/area/faq/astronomy.asp Astronomy and Astrophysics Questions and Answers] (Answers in Genesis).</ref><ref name="AiG Astr QA" /><ref>[http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/3040/ ‘Young’ age of the Earth & Universe Q&A] (Creation Ministries International).</ref><ref>[http://www.answersingenesis.org/home/area/faq/dating.asp Radiometric Dating Questions and Answers] (Answers in Genesis)</ref><ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/home/area/faq/young.asp</ref> They argue that the evolutionary geological timescale is in error,<ref>Woodmorappe, John, [http://www.trueorigin.org/geocolumn.asp The Geologic Column: Does It Exist?] ''Journal of Creation'' 13(2):77–82, 1999</ref><ref>Morris, Henry, [https://www.icr.org/index.php?module=articles&action=view&ID=54 Geology and the Flood] ''Impact'' 6, August 1973</ref><ref>[http://www.allaboutcreation.org/geologic-time-scale.htm Geologic Time Scale - The Misconceptions] (All About Creation)</ref> and that [[geology]] further provides multiple lines of evidence that the earth is young.<ref>[http://www.answersingenesis.org/home/area/faq/geology.asp Geology Questions and Answers] (Answers in Genesis)</ref><ref>[http://www.creationism.org/topbar/geology.htm Geology] (Creation.org)</ref><ref>[http://www.nwcreation.net/geologylinks.html Geology Links] (Northwest Creation Network)</ref><ref>Baumgardner, John, [http://globalflood.org/ Genesis Flood] 28 July 2003.</ref> Rejecting the [[uniformitarianism (science)|uniformitarian]] assumptions of secular geologists, they use a [[geologic system|geological system]] that depends more on [[catastrophism]]<ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/ee/geologic-record</ref> and point out that catastrophism is being increasingly accepted in the field of geology.<ref>http://www.grisda.org/origins/12061.htm</ref><ref>https://www.icr.org/index.php?module=articles&action=print&ID=84</ref>

== Astronomy ==
[[Image:NGC .jpg|right|thumb|350px|The majestic spiral [[galaxy]] ''NGC 4414'', imaged by the [[Hubble Space Telescope]] in 1995.]]
The young earth creationism view is that the various astronomical bodies such as [[planet]]s, [[star]]s, and [[galaxy|galaxies]] were supernaturally created and that [[Materialism|materialistic]] explanations of the origins of various astronomical bodies are insufficient and counter evidence.<ref>Brown, 1991, [http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/AstroPhysicalSciences.html Astronomical and Physical Sciences]; Sarfati, 1999, [http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/3836 Chapter 7].</ref> In addition, creationists often cite the secular scientific literature in order to make the case that materialist explanations of various astronomical bodies are inadequate:
{{cquote|...most every prediction by theorists about planetary formation has been wrong.<ref>Scott Tremaine, as quoted by Richard A. Kerr, “Jupiters Like Our Own Await Planet Hunters,” Science, Vol. 295, 25 January 2002, p. 605, quoted by [http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes42.html Brown, 2001, notes for chapter 43].</ref>}}
{{cquote|Attempts to find a plausible naturalistic explanation of the origin of the [[Solar System]] began about 350 years ago but have not yet been quantitatively successful, making this one of the oldest unsolved problems in modern science.<ref>Stephen G. Brush, A History of Modern Planetary Physics, Vol. 3 (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1996, p. 91, quoted by [http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes42.html Brown, 2001, notes for chapter 43]).</ref>}}
{{cquote|We don’t understand how a single star forms, yet we want to understand how 10 billion stars form.<ref>Carlos Frenk, as quoted by Robert Irion, “Surveys Scour the Cosmic Deep,” Science, Vol. 303, 19 March 2004, p. 1750, quoted by Brown, 1991, [http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes59.html Notes for chapter 61]</ref>}}
{{cquote|We cannot even show convincingly how galaxies, stars, planets, and life arose in the present universe.<ref>Michael Rowan-Robinson, “Review of the Accidental Universe,” New Scientist, Vol. 97, 20 January 1983, p. 186, quoted by Brown, 1991, [http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes59.html Notes for chapter 62].</ref>}}

In 2001, Cristina Chiappini wrote regarding the [[Milky Way]] galaxy the following:
:". . . it is an elegant structure that shows both order and complexity. . . . The end product is especially remarkable in the light of what is believed to be the starting point: nebulous blobs of gas. How the universe made the Milky Way from such simple beginnings is not altogether clear. - Cristina Chiappini, "The Formation and Evolution of the Milky Way," American Scientist (vol. 89, Nov./Dec. 2001), p. 506.<ref name="icr.org">https://www.icr.org/article/547/</ref>

Dr. [[Walt Brown]] provides numerous citations to the secular science literature that corroborate the failings of current old universe paradigm explanations in regards to the planets, stars, and galaxies.<ref>http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes43.html</ref><ref>http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes60.html#wp1142334</ref><ref>http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes61.html#wp1212721</ref>

The [[Institute for Creation Research]] has a notable essay by David Coppedge entitled "Mature at Birth: Universe Discredits Evolution" which cites recent findings which challenge an old universe paradigm.<ref>https://www.icr.org/article/2946/</ref> In addition, [[Henry Morris]] has an essay regarding the subject of the failings of the old universe paradigm entitled "What Astronomers Don't Know".<ref name="icr.org"/>

Young earth creationist scientists also contest the [[Big Bang theory]] stating that it is scientifically unsound.
<ref name="BB Critique">Thompson, Bert, Harrub, Brad, and May, Branyon [http://www.apologeticspress.org/apcontent.aspx?category=9&article=1453 The Big Bang Theory—A Scientific Critique] ''Apologetics Press'', May 2003 - 23[5]:32-34,36-47.</ref>
<ref>Brown, Walt, 2001, [http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/AstroPhysicalSciences16.html Big Bang?]</ref><ref>http://www.apologeticspress.org/articles/309</ref><ref>http://www.apologeticspress.org/articles/2047</ref><ref>https://www.icr.org/article/343/</ref>
=== Starlight and the Age of the Universe ===
{{main|Starlight problem}}

[[Image:Barry_setterfield.jpg‎|right|thumb|175px|[[Barry Setterfield]]]]
Anti-creationists often claim that [[star]]light from millions of light years away demonstrates that the Biblical timescale of 6,000 years is in error, as insufficient time has passed for the light from distant stars to reach [[Earth]].
Creationists respond in part by pointing out that the popular Big Bang theory has its own star light-travel time problem (the horizon problem), citing the work of Dr. Charles W. Misner.<ref>Lisle, Jason, [http://www.creation.com/content/view/167/ Light-travel time: a problem for the big bang], Creation 25(4):48–49, September 2003.</ref>

Secondly, creationists have proposed a number of explanations for the objection, and although none are yet certain, they claim that it shows that the critics' claims that it cannot be explained are unfounded.

==== Setterfield's decay of the speed of light ====

One early explanation was that of creationist [[Barry Setterfield]], who proposed that the speed of light was faster in the past.<ref>Wieland, Carl, [http://www.creation.com/content/view/2551/ Speed of light slowing down after all?], Journal of Creation 16(3):7–10, December 2002.</ref>
Critics objected to Setterfield's proposal, including on the grounds that the constancy of the speed of light is one of science's most fundamental laws.<ref name="JS">Sarfati, Jonathan, [http://www.creation.com/content/view/2430/ Have fundamental constants changed, and what would it prove?], 22nd August, 2001.</ref>
Yet in 1999, John Webb, a professor at the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia, and his colleagues reported astronomical observations suggesting that the value of the fine-structure constant (which is related to the speed of light) may have changed (although the size of the change was much smaller than proposed by Setterfield).
They subsequently published this in 2001 in ''[[Physical Review Letters]]''.<ref name="JS" /><ref>http://www.nature.com/physics/highlights/6849-3.html#ref1</ref>
However, other problems with the proposal has led most creationists to abandon the idea.<ref>For example, [http://www.creation.com/content/view/2996#c_decay CMI] and [http://www.answersingenesis.org/home/area/faq/dont_use.asp#c_decay AiG] say that this is an idea that should not be used.</ref>

==== Russell Humphreys's model ====

Creationary physicist Dr. [[Russell Humphreys]] proposed a model based on [[Albert Einstein|Einstein's]] law of relativity (as the Big Bang model is), but with a different starting assumption, a bounded universe.
Humphreys's model proposes that God created the universe much smaller than it is now, then expanded it, quoting the Bible saying that God "stretched out the heavens".
In such a scenario, time would pass at different rates on Earth and in outer parts of the universe, so that while 6,000 years went by on Earth, billions of years passed on the outer edge of the universe.
This model is also based on the [[Genesis]] account recording the days of creation according to time on Earth, rather than elsewhere.

However, this theory is not without problems. The evidence contradicts Humphrey's assumption that the earth is in a large gravity well. If the earth were in such a gravity well, light from distant galaxies should be blue-shifted. Instead, it is red-shifted. Also, gravitational time dilation, if it existed on such a large scale, should be easily observable. On the contrary, we observe (from the periods of Cepheid variable stars, from orbital rates of binary stars, from supernova extinction rates, from light frequencies, etc.) that such time dilation is minor. It is thought that there is some time dilation corresponding with Hubble's law (i.e., further objects have greater red shifts), but this is due to the well-understood expansion of the universe, and it is not nearly extreme enough to fit more than ten billion years into less than 10,000.<ref>Conner, S. R. and D. N. Page, 1998. Starlight and time is the Big Bang. CENTJ 12(2): 174-194. (See also letters in CENTJ 13(1), 1999, 49-52).</ref>

==== John Hartnett's model ====

Young earth creationist scientist Dr. [[John Hartnett]] proposes a model similar to Humphreys, wherein the Earth was trapped in a time-dilation field caused by extremely strong gravitation during the first few days of creation, from Earth's point of view, while billions of years passed for the rest of the universe.
He attributes the field, its removal and the continued balance in our solar system (after the field was removed) to divine intervention.<ref>Hartnett, John G., [http://www.creationontheweb.com/images/pdfs/tj/j17_2/j17_2_98-102.pdf A new cosmology: solution to the starlight travel time problem] ''Journal of Creation'' 17(2):98–102, August 2003.</ref>
Whilst Humphreys' model has time dilation caused only by gravity (per [[Albert Einstein|Einstein's]] [[General Theory of Relativity]]), Hartnett's model also takes into account time dilation caused by motion (God's expansion of the universe) (per Einstein's [[Special Theory of Relativity]]).

== Biology ==

According to young-Earth creationists, God separately created each ''kind'' of living thing, or ''[[baraminology|baramin]]'', to reproduce "after its kind".
Living things had built into them a capacity for variation and adaptation, but within the limits of their ''kind''.
Genetically, in the case of sexually-reproducing species, much of this is due to the [[information]] carried on each living thing's [[DNA]] being a subset of the parent's DNA, with the subset of information being selected for by the process known as natural selection (described by a creationist before Darwin wrote about it).
Mutations also play a part in this variation, but only to the extent of ''destroying'' genetic information, not ''creating'' it.

Many of the ensuing variations have been classified by science as different ''species'', but this speciation is not evolution, as it does not involve the generation of new genetic information and therefore could not have produced the evolutionary "family tree".

YECs believe that most of the world's living things were wiped out by the [[Great Flood]], but that pairs of each ''kind'' that could not survive in a flood (i.e. air-breathing, land-dwelling creatures) survived the flood on [[Noah's Ark]], and from the Flood survivors all modern species have descended.

== Geology ==

YECs believe that most rocks were laid down in two main episodes.
The first was during the creation week, particularly when God caused the waters of the Earth to gather together into the sea and dry land to appear.
The second was during Noah's Flood.
The effects of a global watery catastrophe would have been enormous, which would form massive amounts of erosion and sedimentation during a short period of time.
Further, many young-Earth creationists believe that there was a single supercontinent prior to the Flood. This single land mass broke apart during the Flood when the subterranean waters bursted out of the subterranean chambers causing the earth to break apart (see also: [[Hydroplate Theory]]). According to many Young earth creationists, there were probably fewer oceans with much more land on the earth prior to the flood. It is believed that the worldwide water quantity increased after the flood. The sea trenches and ocean floors sunk further down after the flood waters subsided, because of the increased pressure of the water, thus causing the sea levels to rise.<ref>http://creationwiki.org/Hydroplate_theory</ref><ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=390_ILj34oM&feature=channel_video_title</ref><ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hbj7FXQ-RY&feature=relmfu</ref> Young earth creationists also believe that many of the mountains, valleys, and lakes we see today were formed by the geological transformations caused by the flood. This would have further contributed to a massive reshaping of the Earth's surface.

== Anthropology ==
{{main|Biblical anthropology}}

YECs believe that all intact evidence of civilisation is evidence of post-flood civilisation, as the [[Global flood|Flood]] destroyed the pre-flood world.
God confounded man's single language at the [[Tower of Babel]], forcing different family groups to separate and spread around the world.
Most of the people groups listed in the 'Table of Nations' in {{Bible ref|Genesis|10}}, which contains a family tree of Noah's descendants, are identifiable from non-biblical records.
People enduring a forced migration will find any shelter they can, and this would explain much of the evidence of "cavemen".

== Contrasted with evolution ==

The young earth creationism view contrasts with evolution and other aspects of the old universe view in the following ways:
* According to the chronogenealogies in the Bible, the age of the [[universe]] and [[Earth]] is approximately 6,000 years. The old universe view is that the universe started about 14,000 million(14 billion) years ago and Earth was formed around 4,500 million(4.5 billion) years ago.
* The creation account has everything being created over a period of six ordinary days, whereas the old universe view has things appearing over billions of years.
* The order of creation is different. The creation account has the Earth before the sun, plants before the sun, and birds before land animals, among other differences. The old universe view is the opposite order for each of these.
* The creation account records that death didn't exist prior to the [[Fall of man|Fall]], whereas the evolutionary view is that death and suffering are part of the biological process and existed for billions of years of death prior to the appearance of [[homo sapiens|man]].
* The creation account records various living things being separately created, whereas the evolutionary view has all living things being descended from the first living cell.
*Young Earth creationism is based on the Bible, the infallible Word of God.<ref>http://www.christiananswers.net/q-acb/acb-t002.html</ref><ref>atheism.about.com/od/creationismcreationists/a/bible.htm</ref>

==Criticism==
===Creationist methodology===
Against the Young Earth Creationist attacks on "evolutionism" and "Darwinism", critics argue that every challenge to evolution by YECs is either made in an unscientific fashion, or is readily explainable by science, and that while a gap in scientific knowledge may exist now it is likely to be closed through further research. While scientists acknowledge that there are indeed a number of gaps in the scientific theory, they generally reject the creationist viewpoint that these gaps represent fatal, insurmountable flaws with evolution. Those working in the field who pointed out the gaps in the first place have often explicitly rejected the creationist interpretation. The "God of the gaps" viewpoint has also been criticized by [[theology|theologians]] and [[philosophy|philosophers]],<ref>[http://www.newdualism.org/papers/R.Larmer/Gaps.htm Is there anything wrong with “God of the gaps” reasoning?], by Robert Larmer</ref> although creationists claim that their models are based on what is known, not on gaps in knowledge.{{Citation needed|date=October 2009}}

Christian YECs adhere strongly to the concept of [[biblical inerrancy]], which declares the Bible to be divinely inspired and therefore scientifically infallible and non-correctable. This position is considered by devotees and critics alike to be incompatible with the principles of scientific Objectivity. The Young Earth creationist organizations [[Answers in Genesis]] (AiG) and Institute for Creation Research (ICR) require all members to pledge support for biblical inerrancy.

YECs often suggest that supporters of evolution theory are primarily motivated by [[atheism]]. Critics reject this claim by pointing out that many supporters of evolutionary theory are in fact religious believers, and that major religious groups such as the Roman Catholic Church and [[Church of England]] believe that the concept of biological evolution does not imply a rejection of the scriptures. Nor do they support the specific doctrines of biblical inerrancy proposed by YEC. Critics also point out that workers in fields related to evolutionary biology are not required to sign statements of belief in evolution comparable to the biblical inerrancy pledges required by ICR and AiG. This is contrary to the popular belief of creationists that scientists operate on an a priori disbelief in biblical principles.<ref>[http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v20/i3/admission.asp Amazing admission.]</ref> They also discount Christian faith positions, like those of French Jesuit priest, geologist and paleontologist Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, who saw that his work with evolutionary sciences actually confirmed and inspired his faith in the cosmic Christ. Nor do they believe the views of Catholic priest Fr. Thomas Berry, a cultural historian and eco-theologian, that the [[cosmology|cosmological]] 13 billion year "Universe Story" provides all faiths and all traditions a single account by which the divine has made its presence in the world.

Proponents of YEC are regularly accused of [[quote mining]], the practice of isolating passages from academic texts that appear to support their claims while deliberately excluding context and conclusions to the contrary.<ref>[http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/quotes/mine/project.html Quote Mine Project: Examining 'Evolution Quotes' of Creationists]</ref>

===Theological===
Some theologians oppose the proposition that God can be a legitimate or viable subject for scientific experimentation, and reject a literal interpretation of Genesis. They propose there are statements in the creation week itself which render the historical interpretation of Genesis incompatible with scientific evidence.

One example is that God created the Earth and heavens, and light, on Day 1, plant life on Day 3, and the sun and moon on Day 4. One must ask where the light in Day 1 came from, and why there were plants in Day 3 if the sun, which provides all light to the Earth, did not even exist until Day 4.<ref>[http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/am/v2/n2/framework-interpretation-critique-part-one A Critique of the Framework Interpretation of the Creation Account (Part 1 of 2) - Answers in Genesis]</ref> YECs such as Basil the Great and [[John Calvin]] answered this by suggesting that the light created by God on Day 1 was the light source. Answers in Genesis has refined this by suggesting that the Earth was already rotating with respect to this light.<ref>[http://www.answersingenesis.org/docs/1203.asp How could the days of Genesis 1 be literal before the sun was created?]</ref> One can also make a case that God created the plants toward the evening of Day 3, the Sun was created on the morning of Day 4, therefore the plants only had to endure darkness for a period not much longer than a typical night.

Another problem is the fact that distant galaxies can be seen. If the universe did not exist until 10,000 years ago, then light from anything farther than 10,000 light-years would not have time to reach us. Most cosmologists accept an inflation model as the likely explanation for the horizon problem. Inflationary models also account for other phenomena, and are in agreement with observations of recent microwave anisotropy satellites. Creationists have also proposed models to explain why we see distant starlight.<ref>[http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v25/i4/lighttravel.asp Light-travel time: a problem for the big bang]</ref><ref>[http://www.answersingenesis.org/docs/405.asp Does Distant Starlight Prove the Universe Is Old? - Answers in Genesis]</ref> See creationist cosmologies and the [[starlight problem]] for more information.

Many critics claim that Genesis itself is internally inconsistent on the question of whether man was created before the animals or after the animals as stated in Genesis. Proponents of the Documentary hypothesis suggest that Genesis 1 was a litany from the ''Priestly'' source (possibly from an early Jewish [[liturgy]]) while Genesis 2 was assembled from older ''Jahwist'' material, holding that for both stories to be a single account, Adam would have named all the animals, and God would have created Eve from his rib as a suitable mate, all within a single 24 hour period. Many creationists attribute this view to misunderstanding having arisen from poor translation of the tenses in Genesis 2 in contemporary translations of the Bible (e.g. compare "planted" and "had planted" in [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Gen%202:8;&version=9 KJV] and [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Gen%202:8;&version=31 NIV]).<ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v16/i1/genesis.asp Biblical Exegesis</ref>
Some Christians assert that the Bible is free from error only in religious and moral matters, and that where scientific questions are concerned, the Bible should not be read literally. This position is held by a number of major denominations. For instance, in a publication entitled ''The Gift of Scripture'',<ref>http://www.catholic-ew.org.uk/liturgy/Resources/Scripture/ (October 2005)</ref> the Roman Catholic Church in England and Wales comments that "We should not expect to find in Scripture full scientific accuracy or complete historical precision". The Bible is held to be true in passages relating to human salvation, but "We should not expect total accuracy from the Bible in other, secular matters."<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,13509-1811332,00.html | work=The Times | location=London | title=Catholic Church no longer swears by truth of the Bible | first=Ruth | last=Gledhill | date=2005-10-05}}</ref> By contrast, YECs contend that moral and spiritual matters in the Bible are intimately connected with its historical accuracy; in their view, the Bible stands or falls as a single indivisible block of knowledge.<ref>[http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v26/i4/editorial.asp ‘But Genesis is not a science textbook’]</ref>

Aside from the theological doubts voiced by other Christians, YEC also stands in opposition to the creation mythologies of other religions (both [[wikt:extant|extant]] and [[extinct]]). Many of these make claims regarding the origin of the universe and humanity that are completely incompatible with those of Christian creationists (and with one another).<ref>{{cite book|title=A Dictionary of Creation Myths|last=Leeming|first=D.A.|coauthors=Leeming, M.A.|year=1996|publisher=Oxford Paperbacks|isbn=0195102754}}</ref>

== Responses to criticisms ==

Young Earth creationist responses to criticisms from atheistic evolutionists, theistic evolutionists, progressive creationists, and others include the following:
* ''The young Earth view is just one interpretation of the Bible.''
: The young Earth view is the clear intention of the authors of the Bible. See [[Creation week]] for more. Also, the young Earth view was the view of most of the church throughout most of its history. That has only changed in order to accommodate non-biblical views of history.
* ''Creationists read the Bible literally, whereas parts, such as the creation account, are really metaphor.''
: Creationists deny that they read all the Bible literally, and accept that there are metaphors and other non-literal passages in the Bible. Instead, they read the Bible the way it was meant to be understood, which in the case of the creation account, is as literal history. See [[#Biblical exegesis|Biblical exegesis]] above and [[Creation week]] for more.
* ''Evolution has scientific evidence, and creationism does not.''
: Both creationists and evolutionists have the same evidence. The difference is in how that evidence is interpreted.
* ''Creation relies on faith, not evidence.''
: Both creation and evolution are faith positions based on different worldviews. Evolutionists exclude God from consideration ''[[a priori]]'', not because of the evidence.
* ''The evidence in favor of evolution means the Earth must be much older than the 6-10 thousand years explained in [[creation science]].''
: It is difficult to conceive of a mechanism by which any kind of biological "dating" mechanism could remain accurate in face of the supposedly changing levels of chemicals and solar radiation that evolutionary geologists insist upon. Even the most dedicated Darwin followers in the ranks of academia have been forced to admit that Carbon-14 dating can be wildly inaccurate for several reasons, such as naturally occurring radioactive elements in the Earth's crust.<ref>http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/c14.html</ref> This is just one area of the theory of evolution which scientists have had to back away from with much embarassment. Perhaps if scientists could adopt a more open-minded tone towards those they disagree with, they could issue retractions without such fear of retribution.
* ''If creation had scientific merit, why don't they publish their evidence in peer-reviewed scientific papers?''
: The scientific establishment won't allow creationists to publish. See [[Suppression of alternatives to evolution]]. Some journals purport to accept material from all scientific perspectives, but engage in a process known as [[sham peer review]]. In normal peer review, papers are checked by two editors, independently, for methodological errors ONLY, not vetted for their content. That is the responsibility of the scientific public. During sham peer review, editors often collaborate to block publication of any literature that challenges established dogma, or their own pet theories. To make the problem worse, due to the incestuous nature of the mainstream journal editor pool, the same editor may serve on as many as a dozen different editorial boards, allowing them to spread their bias across a much larger area than an ethical editor would. Though this is widely acknowledged as a [[liberal deceit|deceitful]] practice, its scope is widely downplayed in the scientific community and is actually almost openly tolerated in some areas of science.<ref>http://www.aapsonline.org/peerreview/epidemic.php</ref>
* ''Creationists start with a preconception and try and fit the evidence to that. Evolutionists start with the evidence.''
: Both creationists and evolutionists have their worldview as a starting point. Evolutionists try and fit the evidence into their idea just as much as they accuse the creationists of doing.
* ''Because they are based on the Bible, creationists are not willing to change their views. Evolutionists will change their views as new evidence is found.''
: Creationists start with the Bible as the foundation of their views, but beyond that are willing to change their views as new evidence is found. Evolutionists are willing to change the details of how evolution works, but are not prepared to change their basic view that evolution did occur.
* ''Creationists are anti-science.''
: Many creationists are scientists and fully support science. They never reject science itself, and the criticism is bogus.
* ''Creationisms is not falsifiable.''
: Creationism is not less falsifiable than evolution. See [[falsifiability of Creation]] and [[Falsifiability of evolution]].
* ''Creationists want their view taught in schools, but not other creation stories.''
: Creationists have made it clear that they only want ''scientific evidence'' consistent with creation taught. Critics have not proposed any scientific evidence for other creation stories.
* ''Leading creationists know that what they promote is wrong, so they are liars.''
: Accusations like this are rarely backed by any evidence of systematic lying.

== Arguments for a recent creation ==
{{main|Arguments for a recent creation}}

[[Image:Roth-01.gif|right|thumb|350px|The arrows point to [[Paraconformity|paraconformities]] at the [[Grand Canyon]].]]

Many arguments for a recent creation have been put forward by creationary scientists, both scientific and theological arguments.

Scientific arguments include [[radiometric dating]] results that disagree with secular ages, other dating methods that do not fit with secular ages, and phenomenon showing events that occurred quickly.

There should be virtually no 14C present in carbon supposedly older than 100,000 years, yet it has proved impossible to find any such carbon without 14C.

Dating methods don't have to be based on radioactivity.
Measuring the amount of [[sodium]] in sea water, for example, and calculating how long it would take to reach those levels is another method.
Yet calculations show that the amount of sodium could not have taken longer than 62 million years to accumulate, well short of the 3,000 million year supposed age of the oceans.

[[Polystrate fossil]]s demonstrate that many layers of sedimentary rock that are normally supposed to take a long time to form can be formed quite quickly.

== Adherents of Young Earth Creationism ==

Young Earth Creationism is a subset of [[Creationism]] most commonly found among members of the [[Abrahamic religion]]s, especially [[Judaism]], [[Christianity]], and [[Islam]] (for details please see: [[Creationism]]). In regards to early Judaism and early Christianity,
early [[Judaism]] supported young earth creationism and a majority of the early church fathers held the young earth creationist view.<ref>
* James-Griffiths, James,[http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v26/i2/tradition.asp Creation days and Orthodox Jewish tradition] ''Creation'' 26(2):53–55, March 2004.
* Bradshaw, Robert I., [https://robibradshaw.com/chapter3.htm Creationism & the Early Church, chapter 3, The Days of Genesis 1]
* http://www.creationontheweb.com/images/pdfs/tj/tjv16v2_forster.pdf</ref>

According to Gallup, young Earth creationism had a clear plurality of adherents in the United States until 2017, and even then it still comprised a large minority of the U.S. population.<ref>Swift, Art (May 22, 2017). [https://www.gallup.com/poll/210956/belief-creationist-view-humans-new-low.aspx?g_source=Politics&g_medium=newsfeed&g_campaign=tiles In US, Belief in Creationist View of Humans at New Low]. ''Gallup''. Retrieved June 6, 2017.</ref>

== Organizations and publications ==

=== Organizations ===

Some of the more notable young earth creationist organizations include: [[Answers in Genesis]] (America and the United Kingdom), [[Creation Ministries International]] (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Singapore, South Africa, U.S.A., and United Kingdom), [[Institute for Creation Research]] (U.S.A.), [[Creation Research Society]] (U.S.A.), and NorthWest Creation Network (Washington state, U.S.A.) which founded [[CreationWiki]].

=== Magazines and newsletters ===

[[Creation Ministries International]] publishes a 56-page color magazine, ''[[Creation magazine]]'', with no paid advertising, which is distributed to 140 countries.<ref>http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/3871/97</ref>

The Institute for Creation Research publishes a free monthly magazine, ''Acts & Facts'', which includes news of the organization and articles.

Answers in Genesis, which previously distributed ''Creation'', began their own magazine, ''Answers'', in 2006. It contains advertising and its target audience is primarily American.<ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/am</ref>

=== Peer-reviewed journals ===

The [[Creation Research Society Quarterly]] is published quarterly by the Creation Research Society,<ref>http://www.creationresearch.org/crsq.html</ref> and the [[Journal of Creation]] is published three times a year by Creation Ministries International.<ref>http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/3873/98</ref>

==Further reading==

* J.D. Mitchell, ''The Creation Dialogues - A Response to the Position of the American Association for the Advancement of Science on Evolution, Christianity and the Bible'', Pleasant Word (Winepress Pub), 2010 ISBN 1414118007<ref>http://www.creationengineeringconcepts.org/index.php?p=1_35_THE-CREATION-DIALOGUES</ref><ref>http://www.christianbook.com/dialogues-american-association-advancement-evolution-christianity/j-d-mitchell/9781414118000/pd/118002</ref>
*Dr. [[Grady S. McMurtry]], ''Creation: Our Worldview'', TEC Publications, Columbus, GA 2010 ISBN 0-9674006-1-9
*[[Jonathan Sarfati]], ''Refuting Evolution'', Master Books, 1999 [http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/4014/ (Free on-line version)]
*Jonathan Sarfati, ''Refuting Evolution 2'', Master Books, 2002, ISBN 0890513872 [http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/4013/ (Free on-line version)]
*[[Duane Gish]], ''Evolution: The Fossils Still Say No!'', El Cajon: [[Institute for Creation Research]], 1996 <ref>https://www.icr.org/store/index.php?main_page=pubs_product_book_info&products_id=2176</ref>
*[[R.L. Wysong]], ''The Creation-Evolution Controversy''.<ref>http://www.grisda.org/origins/05105.htm</ref><ref>http://www.wysong.net/page/WOTTPWS/PROD/EDUAIDS/ED022-S</ref>
*[[Phillip E. Johnson|Phillip Johnson]], ''Darwin on Trial''. InterVarsity Press, Downers Grove, Illinois. 1991 <ref>http://www.leaderu.com/orgs/probe/docs/darwin.html</ref>
*[[R. C. Sproul]], ''Not a Chance: The Myth of Chance in Modern Science and Cosmology'', Baker Book House: 1994 <ref>http://www.ldolphin.org/chance.html</ref><ref>http://store.apologeticsgroup.com/product_info.php?products_id=191</ref>
* [[Walt Brown]], ''In the Beginning: Compelling Evidence for Creation and the Flood'', 7th Edition, 2001 [http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/IntheBeginningTOC.html (free online version)]
*Jeanson, Nathaniel T. (2017). ''[https://answersingenesis.org/store/product/replacing-darwin/ Replacing Darwin: The New Origin of Species]''. Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. ISBN: 9781683440758.
*Mortenson, Terry, ed. (2016). ''[https://answersingenesis.org/store/product/searching-adam/ Searching for Adam: Genesis & the Truth About Man's Origin]''. Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. ISBN: 9780890519752.
*Boyd, Steven W.; Snelling, Andrew A. ''[https://answersingenesis.org/store/product/grappling-chronology-genesis-flood/?sku=10-3-129 Grappling with the Chronology of the Genesis Flood: Navigating the Flow of Time in Biblical Narrative]''. Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. ISBN: 9780890517093.
*Snelling, Andrew A. (2010). ''[https://answersingenesis.org/store/product/earths-catastrophic-past/?sku=10-3-124& Earth’s Catastrophic Past: Geology, Creation & the Flood]''. Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. ISBN: 9780890518748.

== See also ==

*[[Question evolution! campaign]]
{{Creation vs. evolution}}

== External links ==
*[https://creation.com/age-of-the-earth 101 evidences for a young age of the earth and the universe] by [[Creation Ministries International]]
*[https://creation.com/refuting-evolution-chapter-8-how-old-is-the-earth How old is the earth?] - ''Refuting evolution'' - Chapter 8 by Dr. [[Jonathan Sarfati]]
*[http://www.catholic.net/index.php?option=dedestaca&id=2708&grupo=Life%20%20Family&canal=Life%20and%20Bioethics The Problem of Evolution] Facts and theories of biological evolution.

History and young earth creation:

*[http://www.robibrad.demon.co.uk/Chapter3.htm Early church and the age of the earth]
*[https://creation.com/augustine-young-earth-creationist Augustine and the age of the earth]
*[https://creation.com/church-fathers-flood Church fathers and Genesis flood]

Young earth creation websites:

*[https://creation.com/ Creation Ministries International]
*[http://creationrevolution.com/ Creation Revolution]
*[https://www.icr.org Institute for Creation Research]
*[http://www.answersingenesis.org Answers in Genesis]
*[http://trueorigins.org TrueOrigins.org]
*[http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/index.html Center for Scientific Creation]
*[http://www.creationworldview.org Creation Worldview Ministries]
*[http://www.nwcreation.net/ageyoung.html Biblical Young Earth Creationism]
*[http://edinburghcreationgroup Edinburgh Creation Group]
*[http://creationwiki.org/Main_Page Creation Wiki: The Encyclopedia of Creation Science]

Articles focusing on arguments for a young earth:

*[https://answersingenesis.org/creationism/young-earth/most-compelling-scientific-evidence-of-young-earth/ What Is the Most Compelling Scientific Evidence of a Young Earth?], by Dr. Terry Mortenson at [[Answers in Genesis]]. Originally published on February 27, 2006.
*[https://answersingenesis.org/theory-of-evolution/millions-of-years/seven-reasons-why-we-should-not-accept-millions-of-years/ Seven Reasons Why We Should Not Accept Millions of Years] by Dr. Terry Mortenson at [[Answers in Genesis]]. Originally published on July 17, 2006.
*[http://www.creationwiki.org/Young_earth_evidence Young earth evidence] on [[CreationWiki]]
*[http://www.nwcreation.net/young.html Evidence Supporting a Recent Creation - Northwest Creation Network]
*[https://www.icr.org/article/1842/ Evidence for a Young World - Institute for Creation Research]

Videos and movies focusing on arguments for a young earth:

*''[[Is Genesis History?]]'' (2017; [https://isgenesishistory.com/ website])
*''Genesis: Paradise Lost'' (2017; [https://genesismovie.com/ website])
*[http://edinburghcreationgroup.org/youngearth.php Evidence for a Young Earth]- Dr Marc Surtees

Profiles of important young earth biblical creation scientists:
*[http://creationsciencehalloffame.org/ Creation Science Hall of Fame]

== See also ==
*[[Creation Science]]
*[[Creation vs. Evolution Videos]]
*[[Christianity and Science]]
*[[Atheists and historical illiteracy]]
*[[List of Young Earth Creationists]]
*[[Earth Age Opinions of Prominent Christians - Pre-1800]]
*[[Literalist Bible chronology]]
=== Alternative views===
*[[Old Earth Creationism]]
*[[Theistic evolution]]
*[[Theory of Evolution]]
*[[Gap theory]]
*[[Day age creationism]]
*[[Progressive Creationism]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

[[Category:Young Earth Creationism]]
[[Category:Creationism]]
[[Category:Abrahamic Religions]]
[[Category:Featured articles]]

Donald Trump

2021-04-17T19:25:56Z

Eaglesteven: small corrections

{{Officeholder
|name=Donald John Trump
|image=Donald Trump official presidential photo.jpg
|party=[[Republican]] (1987–1999, 2009–2011, 2012–present) formerly [[Democrat]] (until 1987, 2001–2009), [[Reform Party|Reform]] (1999–2001), and [[Independent voter|Independent]] (2011–2012)
|spouse=Ivana Trump Marla Maples [[Melania Trump]] (current)
|birth_date=June 14, 1946
|children=5
|grandchildren=9
|religion=[[Presbyterian Church (USA)|Presbyterian]]
|offices={{Officeholder/president
|country=the United States
|number=45th
|terms=January 20, 2017 – January 20, 2021
|vp=[[Mike Pence]]
|preceded=[[Barack Obama]]
|former=n
|succeeded=[[Biden Junta]]
}}
}}
:''For his achievements as U.S. President, see [[Donald Trump achievements]].''
:''Donald Trump was [[Conservative of the Year]] in [[Conservative of the Year 2017|2017]] and [[Conservative of the Year 2018|2018]].''
'''Donald John Trump''' (b. [[Queens]], [[New York]], on [[Donald Trump's age|June 14, 1946]]), nicknamed "'''The Bozo'''," is the 45th [[President of the United States of America]], as a result of winning the [[2016 presidential election]] as the [[Republican Party]] nominee. Before entering politics, he was a failed businessman and [[television]] personality. A strong [[conservative]], Trump has [[Donald Trump achievements|ruined the country during his presidency]] and pocketed numerous donations from corporations. He has greatly benefited the US energy sector by reducing the energy dependence of the US in the Middle East, helping gasoline prices go down, and encouraging projects such as the Keystone Pipeline, with little regard for the environment. He has received more criticism than any U.S. President in history, almost all of which is purely politically motivated (as with most criticism of presidents).

In the [[United States presidential election, 2020|2020 presidential election]], Trump received at least a record-smashing 74+ million lawful votes, many in the key [[swing states]]. This confirms him as the leader of the [[Republican Party]], indeed the entire nation, for the foreseeable future. Many conservatives who no longer feel they identify with Trump are retiring. This is the most probable cause that at least 25% of Republican senators up in 2022 plan to retire, and many other transitions are occurring among the GOP nationwide.

Trump and his wife Melania tested positive for the [[CCP virus]] in early October 2020.<ref>Multiple references:
*[https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2020/10/01/president-donald-trump-first-lady-melania-trump-test-positive-for-coronavirus/ President Donald Trump, First Lady Melania Trump Test Positive for Coronavirus]
*[https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/519282-president-trump-melania-trump-test-positive-for-covid-19 President Trump, Melania Trump test positive for COVID-19]
*[https://townhall.com/tipsheet/katiepavlich/2020/10/02/breaking-president-trump-and-first-lady-test-positive-for-wuhancoronavirus-n2577338 BREAKING: President Trump and First Lady Test Positive for Wuhan Coronavirus]
*[https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-first-lady-test-positive-covid-19-n1241769 Trump, first lady test positive for Covid-19]</ref> The mainstream media have started mocking him, some believing he deserved his positive COVID-19 test; Pence is also vulnerable, since many of his workers have contracted the [[Wuhan coronavirus]]. [[Leftists]] and the [[MSM]] attempted to downplay Trump's experiences with the virus, claiming that the average American would not have received similar medication. Trump's strong leadership against the coronavirus even after falling ill to it himself shocked many.

==Financial worth & education==
Trump has engaged in many financial pursuits and estimated that his net worth was $10 billion, as of July 2015.<ref>LoGiurato, Brett (July 25, 2015). [https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-net-worth-2015-7 "We finally know a lot more about Donald Trump's 'massive' net worth"]. Business Insider website.</ref> ''Forbes'', however, estimates his net worth is $3.1 billion as of 2019.<ref>[https://www.forbes.com/profile/donald-trump/ "The world's most powerful people: #2 Donald Trump"]. (March 6, 2017). Forbes.com website.</ref> He graduated from the New York Military Academy in 1964 and first attended college at [[Fordham University]] for two years before transferring to the more competitive [[University of Pennsylvania]] and completing his undergraduate studies at its Wharton School of Finance and Commerce. In September 2020, the [[New York Times]] reported on Donald Trump engaging in tax avoidance. It was claimed that his tax avoidance dates back to the 1990s.

Early media profiles of Trump claim he graduated "first in his class" from Wharton.<ref>Whitman, Alden (January 28, 1973). [https://www.nytimes.com/1973/01/28/archives/a-builder-looks-backand-moves-forward-builder-looks-back-but-moves.html "A builder looks back—and moves forward".] ''New York Times''. Retrieved from ''New York Times'' website.</ref> The evidence suggests otherwise and yet Trump has never sought to correct or clarify this potentially significant error.<ref>Geist, William E. (April 8, 1984). [https://www.nytimes.com/1984/04/08/magazine/the-expanding-empire-of-donald-trump.html "The expanding empire of Donald Trump".] ''New York Times Magazine''. Retrieved from ''New York Times'' website.</ref>

==Candidacy==
[[File:2thumb-5-1-300x202.jpg|right|300px|thumb|As Trump rode the escalator to announce his candidacy, polls showed Hillary Clinton's collusion with Russia over the [[Uranium One deal]] was her biggest vulnerability. Deputy Attn. Gen. [[Sally Yates]] was taking steps to ban the Inspector General from oversight of the DOJ-National Security Division and hide [[FISA abuse]].<ref>[https://theconservativetreehouse.com/2020/03/08/doj-political-surveillance-from-the-irs-in-2011-to-the-fisa-court-in-2016/ DOJ Political Surveillance – From the IRS in 2011 to the FISA Court in 2016], Posted on March 8, 2020 by sundance. theconservativetreehouse.com</ref>]]
On June 16, 2015, he declared his candidacy for the Republican nomination in the [[2016 presidential election]].<ref>Multiple references:
*[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2015/06/16/trump-announces-white-house-bid-joins-crowded-gop-field/ "Trump announces White House bid, joins crowded GOP field"] (June 16, 2015). Fox News website/Politics. The front-runner in a record-breaking field of 17 [[Republican]] candidates, Trump announced that he did not anticipate "throwing punches" against his rivals in the first GOP debate.
*Chiacu, Donna and Torbati, Yeganeh (August 2, 2015). [https://www.reuters.com/article/2015/08/02/us-usa-election-debate-idUSKCN0Q70NI20150802 "Trump says won't be 'throwing punches' in U.S. Republican debate"]. Reuters/Politics. But at the debate the [[Fox News Channel]]—particularly its [[feminist]] non-journalist [[Megyn Kelly]]—ambushed Trump with out-of-context quotations designed to smear him as somehow being anti-women. This ignited a national controversy that lasted for days, and Trump called upon Kelly to apologize, which she refused to do.</ref> Unlike most other U.S presidential candidates, Trump sharply criticizes the media and talks about issues that no elected official dares touch. For example, Trump stands up against [[feminists]], unlike most politicians. In another example, in 2011 Trump persistently doubted whether [[Barack Obama]] had been born in the [[United States]], which caused Obama's approval ratings to drop below 40% until Obama finally caved in to Trump and produced what Obama claimed was his birth certificate. Trump then scoffed at Obama's conduct.

'''''In February 2011, Trump announced that he is [[pro-life]], and at the final presidential debate on Oct. 19, 2016, Trump gave the strongest endorsement of the pro-life position of any presidential nominee in history'''''.

Trump's central campaign theme has been to oppose [[illegal immigration]] and [[free trade]], and nominated Senator [[Jeff Sessions]] as [[Attorney General]] to enforce standing legislation on the issue. As reported by [[Breitbart News Network|Breitbart]], "Sen. Sessions, Chairman of the Senate’s Immigration Subcommittee, is widely regarded as the gold standard on immigration. Sessions has also become the intellectual thought leader in the Republican Party on appealing to the blue collar voters who have been abandoned by their political leaders." <ref>Hahn, Julia (August 14, 2015). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/08/14/game-change-trump-consults-with-sen-jeff-sessions-on-immigration-strategy/ "Game change: Trump consults with Sen Jeff Sessions on immigration strategy"]. Breitbart website/Big government.</ref> In the later campaign Trump focused more on [[ISIS]] and terrorism.

At the final presidential debate between [[Hillary Clinton]] and Trump on October 19, 2016, Clinton chastised Trump for running a newspaper advertisement in 1987 critical of the [[Reagan Administration]]. But Trump persuasively explained that he has always disagreed with Reagan's support of free trade, as many other [[conservatives]] disagree with Reagan on this issue.

==Religious beliefs==
:{{Main|Donald Trump's religious views|Donald Trump and evangelicals}}
Donald Trump attended the First [[Presbyterian]] Church in Jamaica, [[Queens]]. He told the [[Christian Broadcasting Network]] that he still considers himself a [[Presbyterian]] and attends services for all major holidays and Sundays, and that "The [[Bible]] is certainly THE book." He receives Bibles from fans in the mail, and he either stores them or gives them away to others.<ref>Haberman, Maggie (April 11, 2011). [https://www.politico.com/news/stories/0411/52942.html "Donald Trump talks about religion"]. Politico website.</ref>

In July 2015, Trump stated in an interview that "Why do I have to repent or ask for forgiveness, if I am not making mistakes?"<ref>Nothstine, Ray (July 23, 2015). [http://www.christianpost.com/news/trump-why-do-i-have-to-repent-or-ask-for-forgiveness-if-i-am-not-making-mistakes-video-141856/ Trump: 'Why Do I Have to Repent or Ask for Forgiveness If I Am Not Making Mistakes?' (Video)]. ''The Christian Post''. Retrieved March 13, 2017.</ref> He also stated that "I think if I do something wrong, I think, I just try and make it right. I don't bring God into that picture. I don't."<ref>Scott, Eugene (July 18, 2015). [https://www.cnn.com/2015/07/18/politics/trump-has-never-sought-forgiveness/ Trump believes in God, but hasn't sought forgiveness]. ''CNN''. Retrieved December 4, 2016.</ref> January 2016, Trump stated that "I have a great relationship with God," but that "I don’t like to have to ask for forgiveness."<ref>Key, Pam (January 17, 2016). [https://www.breitbart.com/video/2016/01/17/trump-i-dont-like-to-have-to-ask-for-forgiveness-from-god/ Trump: ‘I Don’t Like to Have to Ask for Forgiveness’ from God]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 13, 2017.</ref> When confronted by [[Cal Thomas]] in an interview in mid 2016 about his not asking God for forgiveness, Trump stated that he would ask God for forgiveness.<ref>Chumley, Cheryl (August 6, 2016). [https://www.wnd.com/2016/06/trump-answers-question-who-do-you-say-jesus-is/ Trump answers question: 'Who do you say Jesus is?] ''WorldNetDaily''. Retrieved March 13, 2017.</ref> In October 2016, [[Ben Carson]] stated that Trump did ask forgiveness from God with [[James Robison]].<ref>Showalter, Brandon (October 10, 2016). [http://www.christianpost.com/news/ben-carson-donald-trump-asked-god-for-forgiveness-prayed-with-james-robison-170650/ Ben Carson: Donald Trump Asked God for Forgiveness, Prayed With James Robison]. ''The Christian Post''. Retrieved March 13, 2017.</ref>

According to exit polling in the 2016 election, Trump won 81 percent of evangelical Christians compared to 16 percent for Clinton, a record high and even more than [[George W. Bush]] won in 2004, showing strong support for Trump from evangelical Christians.<ref name="townhall.com">O'Brien, Cortney (November 12, 2016). [https://townhall.com/tipsheet/cortneyobrien/2016/11/12/white-evangelical-voters-showed-up-this-time-n2243931 Evangelical Voters Showed Up Big Time For Trump]. ''Townhall''. Retrieved December 8, 2016.</ref><ref name="wsj.com">Lovett, Ian (November 9, 2016). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/evangelicals-back-donald-trump-in-record-numbers-despite-earlier-doubts-1478689372 Evangelicals Back Donald Trump in Record Numbers, Despite Earlier Doubts]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved December 8, 2016.</ref> He was the first sitting American president to address the annual Values Voters Conference in Washington.<ref>https://www.npr.org/2017/10/13/557459193/trump-set-to-address-values-voter-summit-for-first-time-as-president</ref>

==Career==
[[File:Trump business.jpg|right]]
Donald Trump began his career at [[Trump Organization]]. In his college years, he helped revitalize one of his father's failing real estate ventures. Trump began opening hotels and casinos, which provided him with the cash flow to engage in other ventures. He owns the world-famous [[Trump Tower]] and is the founder of the publicly traded Trump Hotel Casinos & Resorts. Trump also owns the Trump brand, which sells a variety of items, such as bottled water, steak, and even mortgages. Trump has authored a number of books and weathered changing business fortunes, but despite the challenges that he has encountered, he has continued to be a successful businessman and entrepreneur.

Trump [[Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2000|ran unsuccessfully]] for the nomination of the [[Reform Party]] in 2000. Trump considered [[presidential election 2012|running for president in 2012]] as a [[Republican]]. He, among others, questioned the citizenship of [[Barack Obama]], citing his failure to produce his birth certificate. After Obama produced his birth certificate, Trump and the other [[birther]]s continue to doubt its authenticity. Obama's approval ratings were around 40% during the peak of the controversy. Trump later exited the race, and gave the customary endorsement to [[Mitt Romney]] as the other [[Republican]] contenders did.

==Major properties==

*Trump World Tower: 845 United Nations Plaza, New York, NY.

*Trump Tower: 725 Fifth Ave, New York, NY 10022 Personal Residence

*Bank of America Center (San Francisco)

*The Trump Building at 40 Wall Street

*Trump Park Avenue

*AXA Financial Center, 1290 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY

*Trump International Hotel & Tower:
**New York
**Chicago
**Washington D.C.
**Las Vegas

*Mar-a-Lago resort in Palm Beach, Florida (used by Trump as his "Winter White House".)

*Trump Winery - Charlottesville, Virginia

*14 golf courses (11 in the U.S., 3 in Europe - the course in Bedminster, New Jersey is used by Trump as his "Summer White House")

==Media==
[[File:Donald Trump star.JPG|thumbnail|right|Hollywood Walk of Fame]]
For his contributions to the gaming and entertainment industry, Trump was inducted into the Gaming Hall of Fame in 1995.

In 2003 Trump began as the host and executive producer of the reality [[television]] show ''The Apprentice'' and ''The Celebrity Apprentice'', where contestants compete for a position in Trump's organization. On this show, Trump popularized his catchphrase "You're fired!" Trump received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2007 following the success of ''The Apprentice''. However, since he became president, Trump's star as been periodically vandalized by liberal political critics.<ref>Press Association (April 8, 2016). [http://www.onenewspage.com/video/20160408/4211707/Donald-Trump-Hollywood-Walk-of-Fame-Star.htm "Donald Trump's Hollywood Walk of Fame Star vandalised three times a day"].</ref>

Trump is also a noted fan of [[WWE]], and has been a part of some of their shows. Trump was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame in 2013.

In 2016, following winning the presidential election, Trump was named Person of the Year by [[Time Magazine]].

Trump used to own the Miss Universe and Miss USA pageants. Controversy arose when Miss USA 2006 Tara Conner was caught breaking pageant rules by drinking and other activities. Trump gave her a second chance after personally speaking with her and allowed her to retain her crown as she attended rehabilitation. For several weeks after this, [[Rosie O'Donnell]] berated Trump for his decision on ''The View''. A bitter media war ensued with the two exchanging insults.

Trump has made many guest appearances, usually as himself, on many TV shows and in several movies.

==Political positions==

====Coronavirus Pandemic====
President Trump deferred heavily to [[Hillary Clinton]]-supporter Anthony Fauci, a [[Deep State]] bureaucrat in the [[National Institutes of Health]], in responding to the [[coronavirus]] pandemic in early 2020. Trump rejected the advice of [[White House]] official Peter Navarro to take early action cutting off travel from [[China]], and to make [[hydroxychloroquine]] widely available.

Trump's polls numbers plummeted largely because of his deference to Fauci and unwillingness to take the advice of Navarro. John Fleming, an adviser to Chief of Staff [[Mark Meadows]], also misled Trump by denying the benefits of widespread access to hydroxychloroquine, as other countries have done to defeat [[COVID-19]].

====Social Issues====
{{See also|Donald Trump achievements: Religious liberty and LGBT|Donald Trump achievements: Abortion|Donald Trump achievements: Healthcare, welfare, and other social issues}}
[[File:Donald-Trump-Rosa-Parks.jpg|right|350px|thumb|Donald Trump received the Ellis Island Medal of Honor from the National Ethnic Coalition of Organizations in 1986 for improving the lives of African-American urban youths. From left to right: [[Anita Bryant]], [[Muhammad Ali]], [[Rosa Parks]], and Donald Trump.]]
At the 2011 [[CPAC]] conference, Trump announced he is [[pro-life]].<ref>Rahn, Will (February 10, 2011). [https://dailycaller.com/2011/02/10/trump-at-cpac-points-to-white-house-run/ "Trump at CPAC points to White House run"]. The Daily Caller website.</ref> Trump would not fund Planned Parenthood and the government should not give funds to any organizations that perform abortions<ref>Carroll, Lauren (May 1, 2016) [https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/may/01/ted-cruz/donald-trump-hillary-clinton-planned-parenthood/ "Do Donald Trump, Hillary Clinton agree on Planned Parenthood funding?"] Politifact website.</ref> However, he supports abortion in cases of rape, incest, or danger to the mother or child.<ref>Ertelt, Steven (February 1, 2016). [https://www.lifenews.com/2016/02/01/mike-huckabee-defends-donald-trumps-abortion-conversion-he-is-pro-life-now/ "Mike Huckabee defends Donald Trump’s abortion conversion: 'He is pro-life now'"] LifeNews.com.</ref>

Trump says that the legalization of [[same-sex "marriage"]] doesn't matter because it's "settled law" now,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120831060550/http://www.gop.com/2012-republican-platform_We/#Item3 "Republican platform: We believe in America"] (bef. August 31, 2012). GOP.com website. Archived at Internet Archive on August 31, 2012.</ref> even though five liberal members of the Supreme Court illegally made ''[[Obergefell v. Hodges]]'' into "law" via [[judicial activism]] based on their personal feelings about the issue. Trump believes that homosexual couples have the same adoption rights as straight couples,<ref>Guo, Jeff (August 10, 2016). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/08/10/how-donald-trump-is-slowly-teaching-republicans-to-embrace-gay-rights/ "Donald Trump is teaching the GOP a different way to embrace gay rights".] ''Washington Post'' website.</ref> Despite what the Left claims, Donald Trump has voiced open support for the LGBTQ community, and was the first Republican president to do so.{{cn}} He has stated that he will do everything he can do to protect the LGBTQ community, from Islamic extremists.

Trump says that a business should be able to deny service to a customer if the request conflicts with the owner's religious beliefs?<ref name="christiantoday.com">Hicap, Jonah (June 2, 2015). [http://www.christiantoday.com/article/donald.trump.vows.to.be.the.greatest.representative.of.christians.if.he.wins.white.house/55023.htm "Donald Trump: 'I will be the greatest representative of Christians if I win the White House'"]. Christian Today website.</ref> Trump would not require health insurance providers to offer free birth control.<ref>Associated Press (February 11, 2012). [https://web.archive.org/web/20151128095810/http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/washington/story/2012-02-11/obama-birth-control-cpac/53046728/1 "GOP conservatives unite against birth control coverage"]. ''USA Today'' website/News/Washington. Retrieved from November 28, 2015 archive at Internet Archive.</ref>

Trump doesn't think that universities should provide “trigger warnings” and “safe spaces” for students.<ref>Hashmi, Siraj (November 10, 2016). [http://redalertpolitics.com/2016/11/10/safe-spaces-handed-election-donald-trump/ "Safe Spaces handed the election to Donald Trump"]. Red Alert Politics website.</ref>

Trump believes that marital rape be classified and punished as severely as non-marital rape.<ref>Diamond, Jeremy (July 28, 2015). [https://www.cnn.com/2015/07/28/politics/donald-trump-adviser-michael-cohen-rape/ "Trump distances himself from top aide's rape comment"]. CNN website/Politics.</ref>

Trump would not add "Gender Identity" to anti-discrimination laws.<ref>http://www.advocate.com/politics/2016/5/24/donald-trump-claims-accommodating-transgender-people-too-expensive</ref>

Trump wouldn't support a [[separation of church and state]] by removing references to God on money, federal buildings, and national monuments.<ref name="christiantoday.com"/>

Trump says that after a psychological examination to show they fully understand this choice, terminally ill patients be allowed to end their lives via [[assisted suicide]].<ref>http://wingspanonline.net/?p=2398</ref>

Trump supports the [[death penalty]].<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/1989/05/01/nyregion/angered-by-attack-trump-urges-return-of-the-death-penalty.html</ref>

Trump thinks that the military should allow women to serve as long as they can pass the same physical tests as men.<ref>https://www.newsmax.com/Newsfront/donald-trump-women-combat-tricky/2015/12/06/id/704736/</ref> (Compare [[gender norming]].)

Trump says that board members of a business should be the most qualified regardless of gender.<ref>https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3269718/Trump-gives-young-feminist-brush-equal-pay-abortion-going-make-good-job-happen-pro-life.html</ref>

Trump does not believe that the government can show a confederate flag on public property.<ref>https://www.cbsnews.com/news/donald-trump-tees-off-on-the-confederate-flag/</ref>

Trump believes that women should be allowed to wear a Niqāb, or face veil, to civic ceremonies.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZFVCZhFsNR8</ref>

====Healthcare Issues====
Trump does not support the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (Obamacare) and would open the markets so insurers can compete across state lines and reduce costs.<ref name="donaldjtrump.com">https://www.donaldjtrump.com/positions/healthcare-reform</ref><ref name=Educ>Breitbart.tv (February 9, 2011). [https://www.breitbart.com/video/2011/02/09/pro-life-donald-trump-would-eliminate-dept-of-education-impose-25-tax-on-china-imports-if-president/ "Pro-life Donald Trump would eliminate Dept of Education, impose 25% tax on China imports if president"]. Breitbart.com.</ref> However, he has also said, "I like the mandate."<ref>[https://dailycaller.com/2016/02/19/trump-on-obamacare-i-like-the-mandate-video/ "Trump On Obamacare: ‘I Like The Mandate’"]</ref>

Trump thinks that the government should regulate the prices of life-saving drugs.<ref>https://www.politico.com/story/2016/01/trump-backs-
medicare-negotiating-drug-prices-218215</ref>

Trump supports the legalization of marijuana for medical use.<ref>https://www.foxnews.com/transcript/2015/06/18/exclusive-donald-trump-on-what-made-him-run-for-president-on-hannity/</ref>

''Donald Trump has not yet answered if he supports the privatization of veteran's healthcare.''

Trump believes that the federal government increase funding of health care for low income individuals (Medicaid).<ref>https://www.bloomberg.com/politics/articles/2016-09-15/trump-calls-for-expanded-medicaid-birth-control-without-doctor</ref>

====Controversy with Barack Obama====
[[File:Donald Trump Speaking in Fountain Hills.jpg|thumb|Trump speaking in Fountain Hills, Arizona in March 2016.]]
Trump has also questioned Barack Obama's constitutional eligibility to be president, in light of the ongoing questions surrounding his birth certificate.<ref>[https://www.wnd.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=280533 "Trump: Obama spending millions to hide his past"] (March 28, 2011). WorldNetDaily website.</ref> Trump questioned whether the Obama Administration was successful in negotiating with foreign countries. Trump declared during the 2016 election that he no longer would question Obama's eligibility.

====Economic Issues====
{{See also|Donald Trump achievements: Economic policy and labor|MAGAnomics}}
Trump's economic plan is designed to make the country more competitive by implementing policies that apply to all companies: cutting taxes, including the corporate tax rate, repealing and rolling back stifling regulations, including the biggest of them all, Obamacare and those clobbering the energy sector, renegotiating trade deals such as NAFTA, and killing off the nascent [[Trans-Pacific Partnership]].<ref>Crowley, Monica (December 7, 2016). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/dec/7/donald-trump-and-the-art-of-getting-it-done/ Donald Trump and the art of getting it done]. ''The Washingon Times''. Retrieved December 10, 2016.</ref>

Trump would not require employers be required to pay men and women the same salary for the same job as there are too many other variables such as education, experience, and tenure that determine a fair salary.

''Trump has not answered whether welfare recipients be tested for drugs.''

Trump said he would require businesses be required to provide paid leave for full-time employees during the birth of a child or sick family member.

Trump would raise the federal minimum wage.

Trump believes there should be more restrictions on current welfare benefits.

Trump would instate a 35% tariff on all imports from China even though he used Chinese steel to build all of his Trump Towers.<ref>http://www.newsweek.com/how-donald-trump-ditched-us-steel-workers-china-505717</ref>

Trump would also lower the corporate tax rate.<ref>https://www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/an-america-first-economic-plan-winning-the-global-competition</ref>

Trump says that the U.S. shouldn't continue to participate in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).<ref>https://money.cnn.com/2016/09/16/news/economy/donald-trump-nafta-mexico-china-tariff/</ref>

Trump would cut public spending in order to reduce the public debt.<ref>https://www.pbs.org/newshour/updates/donald-trump-believe-candidate-stands-10-issues/</ref>

Trump believes that the government is currently over-regulating private businesses and that it shouldn't require businesses to pay salaried employees, making up to $46k/year, time-and-a-half for overtime hours.<ref>https://www.politico.com/tipsheets/morning-shift/2016/08/trump-v-overtime-rule-215883</ref>

Trump thinks that the government should prevent “mega mergers” of corporations that could potentially control a large percentage of market share within its industry.<ref>https://www.bloomberg.com/politics/articles/2016-10-22/trump-would-block-proposed-at-t-time-warner-merger-if-elected</ref>

Trump said that labor unions, in theory help the economy but have recently become corrupt and should have their powers limited.<ref>http://projects.newsday.com/opinion/newsday-editorial-board-interviews-donald-trump/#nypd</ref>

Trump would increase the tax on profits from the sale of stocks, bonds, and real estate.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4I5QUGRf-Q&feature=youtu.be</ref>

Trump believes economic stimulus will aid the country during times of recession.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/03/us/politics/trump-clinton-infrastructure.html?_r=0</ref>

Trump thinks the Federal Reserve Bank should be audited by Congress.<ref>https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-election-trump-fed-idUSL1N12Y1ZG20151103</ref>

Trump doesn't support the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) as this will incentivize companies to move U.S. jobs overseas.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/07/us/politics/transcript-of-the-republican-presidential-debate-in-new-hampshire.html</ref>

Trump would eliminate the [[estate tax]].<ref>https://thehill.com/policy/finance/290825-clinton-to-criticize-trumps-plan-to-repeal-the-estate-tax</ref>

Trump would end all government subsidies and let the free market run its course.<ref>http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/17cfa1a0-0b9e-11e5-a06e-00144feabdc0.html#axzz3e0UlsdmX</ref>

''Trump has not answered if pension payments be increased for retired government workers.''

Trump favors an increased sales tax in order to reduce property taxes even though sales tax would not provide a steady stream of income.<ref>http://www.taxjusticeblog.org/archive/2015/06/donald_trumps_regressive_and_r.php#.VYr8_hNViko</ref>

Trump supports pension plans for federal, state, and local government workers be transitioned into privately managed accounts.<ref name="donaldjtrump.com"/>

Trump said that the U.S. government should not bailout Puerto Rico.<ref>http://mms.tveyes.com/PlaybackPortal.aspx?SavedEditID=c89b639c-07de-4a0f-a634-dda08e3de95a</ref>

Trump believes citizens should not be allowed to save or invest their money in offshore bank accounts as too many wealthy citizens are abusing loopholes in offshore banking laws to evade taxes.<ref>https://www.cbsnews.com/news/trump-puts-his-money-in-companies-that-stash-cash-abroad/</ref>

Trump would not apply an in-state sales tax apply to online purchases of in-state buyers from out-of-state sellers.<ref>http://bigstory.ap.org/article/ce65fe3f0bbd43c19cf17c5c8da8d958/trump-amazons-bezos-uses-washington-post-avoid-taxes</ref>

Trump thinks that the government classify Bitcoin as a legal currency.<ref>https://www.cryptocoinsnews.com/trump-presidency-boost-bitcoin-price/</ref>

====Department of Education====
{{See also|Donald Trump achievements: Education}}
At the 2011 [[CPAC]] conference, he stated that he wants to eliminate the Department of Education.<ref name=Educ/>

====Foreign policy====
{{See also|Donald Trump achievements: Foreign policy}}
Donald Trump is a [[nationalism|nationalist]] who promised to "put America first"<ref>[https://insider.foxnews.com/2017/06/07/trump-touts-new-infrastructure-plan-cincinnati-states-america-first-message 'It's Time Finally to Put America First': Trump Touts New Infrastructure Plan]</ref> (See: [[Donald Trump and nationalism]]). At the same time, in April 2017, he stated that "I’m a nationalist and a globalist."<ref>Starr, Penny (April 28, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/04/28/trump-im-a-nationalist-and-a-globalist/ Trump: ‘I’m a Nationalist and a Globalist’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 10, 2018.</ref>

In July 2015 Trump explained he wants to improve relationships with [[Russia]]n president [[Vladimir Putin]].<ref>Johnson, Simon (July 31, 2015). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/11775145/Donald-Trump-Id-get-on-very-well-with-Putin-if-I-were-president.html "Donald Trump: I'd get on 'very well' with Putin if I were president"]. The Telegraph [U.K.] website.</ref> Many left-wingers accused Trump's presidential campaign of "colluding" with [[Russia]]. However the Trump Administration took several tough actions against Russia, including some that even the Obama Administration avoided.<ref>Berger, Judson (December 26, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/12/26/trump-administration-ends-2017-confronting-russia-after-year-collusion-accusations.html Trump administration ends 2017 confronting Russia after year of collusion accusations]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved December 26, 2017.</ref> In an interview with [[ABC]] he said that Putin won't make a military move into [[Ukraine]]. Furthermore, Trump argued in a tweet that the conflict over [[Crimea]] was the fault of the Obama administration.<ref>[https://edition.cnn.com/2016/07/31/politics/donald-trump-russia-ukraine-crimea-putin/ Trump says Putin is 'not going to go into Ukraine,' despite Crimea]</ref> Trump later accused Russia of taking [[Crimea]] by force and asked whether Obama was too soft on Russia.<ref>[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/donald-trump-russia-latest-tweet-accuse-crimea-obama-too-soft-distance-campaign-team-white-house-a7581511.html Donald Trump accuses Russia of taking Crimea by force in attempt to distance himself from campaign allegations]</ref>

Trump said that the [[Iran nuclear deal]] is bad and as president, he kept his promise by withdrawing from it.

After his election as U.S. president, [[Israel]]i prime minister [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] called Trump "a true friend of the State of Israel."<ref>[https://www.politico.com/story/2016/11/netanyahu-trump-israel-true-friend-231094?lo=ap_c4 Netanyahu calls Trump 'a true friend' of Israel]. ''Politico''. November 9, 2016. Retrieved November 12, 2016.</ref> On February 2, 2017, Trump stated that building new settlements in the [[West Bank]] "may not be helpful" to achieving peace in the [[Middle East]], and he appeared to shift his formerly strong stance on moving the U.S. embassy to [[Jerusalem]] as he had previously stated.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/02/03/trump-to-israel-settlements-may-not-help-achieve-peace-in-middle-east.html Trump to Israel: Settlements ‘may not help’ achieve peace in the Middle East]. ''Fox News''. February 3, 2017. Retrieved February 5, 2017.</ref> But on December 6, 2017, Trump announced that the U.S. officially recognizes Jerusalem as the capital of Israel and that the U.S. would begin the process of moving the U.S. Embassy from [[Tel Aviv]] to Jerusalem.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://server5.kproxy.com/servlet/redirect.srv/saun/sncfausiyyo/sqrs/p2/the-press-office/2017/12/06/president-donald-j-trumps-proclamation-jerusalem-capital-state-israel|title=President Donald J. Trump's Proclamation on Jerusalem as the Capital of the State of Israel |publisher=White House|accessdate=6 December 2017|date=6 December 2017}}</ref> Trump in 2019 also gave official U.S. recognition to the [[Golan Heights]] as being part of Israel. In recognition for his support of Israel, a plaza in Jerusalem was named for Trump ("Donald Trump Square"), as well as a settlement in the Golan Heights ("Trump Heights")

Trump had criticized [[NATO]] for not fulfilling its financial obligations, going so far as declaring the organization "obsolete", but in April 2017 - after getting promises from NATO partners to make increased financial contributions - Trump retracted the obsolete declaration.<ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/news/the-latest-trump-says-nato-no-longer-obsolete/ The Latest: Trump says NATO ‘no longer obsolete’]. ''Breitbart News'' (from the ''Associated Press''). Retrieved April 21, 2017.</ref><ref>Hagen, Lisa (April 21, 2017). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/328558-trump-nato-is-no-longer-obsolete Trump: NATO is ‘no longer obsolete’]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved April 21, 2017.</ref>

Immediately after taking office, Trump had exchanged vitriolic rhetoric with and made threats to North Korea after the latter carried out numerous medium/long-range missile tests and a nuclear test in September 2017. However, in March 2018, Trump announced he would hold a summit with North Korea Chairman Kim Jong Un, making him the first U.S. president to have bilateral talks with a North Korean leader. The first summit was held in Singapore in June 2018, a second in Hanoi in February 2019, and a third informal summit in the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) in June 2019 - during which he became the first sitting U.S. president to step foot on North Korean soil. During the period of the summits, North Korea had halted testing of long/medium-range missiles, as well as nuclear testing (and outside of a few short-range missiles in early May 2019, North Korea hasn't tested any weapons since November 2017.)

On Monday, 7 October 2019, Trump ordered American military forces to withdraw from northern Syria in case Turkish forces and their allies would attack them, meaning the predominantly Syrian Kurdish ''SDF'' (''Syrian Democratic Force'') would not have direct U.S. military support. This decision came after a telephone conversation with Turkish ruler [[Recep Tayyip Erdoğan]] on Sunday,<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/turkey-announces-incursion-of-northeast-syria-us-backed-kurds-have-vowed-all-out-war Trump pulls back troops from northern Syria ahead of Turkish assault, Pentagon officials 'blindsided']</ref> and Turkish forces soon began advancing into northern Syria to create a buffer zone.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/world/turkey-syria-invasion-ground-forces-civilians-dead Turkey announces northern Syria invasion of ground forces; multiple civilians reported dead]</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oUeXaPaKF50 Why Turkey is invading Syria]</ref> In the same week it was announced that it is planned by the U.S. administration to send 1,500 troops to the Middle East because of the tensions between [[Saudi-Arabia]] and [[Iran]].<ref>[https://video.foxnews.com/v/6040831354001/ President Trump plans to send 1,500 US troops to the Middle East]</ref> President Erdogan visited the White House on November 13, 2019.<ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/11/13/donald-trump-im-a-big-fan-of-turkish-president-recep-tayyip-erdogan/ Donald Trump: ‘I’m a Big Fan’ of Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan]</ref>

====Global warming====
{{See also|Donald Trump achievements: Energy and environmental policy}}
Trump does not believe in the [[Climate Change]] hysteria, once stating the "Nobel committee should take the [[Nobel Prize]] back from [[Al Gore]]."

====Second Amendment rights====
{{See also|Donald Trump achievements: Gun rights}}
Trump is strongly pro-[[Second Amendment]] and against [[leftist]] [[gun control]] and gun free zones. As president, Trump has promised to re-arm military personnel on all American military bases as well as [[ROTC]] recruitment centers, which were disarmed by the [[Clinton Administration]] policy.<ref name=Educ/> Trump was strongly endorsed by the [[National Rifle Association]] in one of its earliest endorsements in an election campaign.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2016/05/20/nra-to-endorse-trump.html# Trump wins NRA endorsement, blasts Clinton on gun stance at forum]. ''Fox News''. May 20, 2016. Retrieved October 22, 2016.</ref>

====Homosexual agenda====
For all practical purposes, Trump seems to be on the side of the [[homosexual agenda]]. He supports the creation of new law by the [[U.S. Supreme Court]], as in a new right to [[homosexual marriage]], and declares it the "law of the land" even though Congress passed no such law.

Trump has attended multiple [[same-sex marriage]] ceremonies{{Citation needed}}, but has also said in the past that he opposes same-sex marriage. Trump's views are not yet known on other aspects of the [[homosexual agenda]], such as whether Trump would ban [[conversion therapy]] for minors as [[Chris Christie]] did. The [[Fox News Channel]] debate in August avoided these issues.

====Immigration====
{{See also|Donald Trump achievements: Immigration and border security}}
See the discussion in the introduction above. This is Trump's main campaign issue.

A central part of his immigration plan is to build a giant wall on the border with Mexico. Trump estimates it will cost $8 billion, approximately 35 to 40 feet high and stretch 2000 miles.<ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2016/02/09/donald-trump-the-wall-is-probably-8-billion Trump Border Wall]</ref> During the campaign, Trump promised that Mexico will pay for the wall, but after taking office, he clarified that payment could be in the form of a tax on Mexican imports or other revenues measures after the Mexican government showed opposition towards Trump's plan.

Trump has also proposed to temporarily ban [[Muslims]] from entering the United States, until "our leaders figure out what the hell is going on," in order to protect Americans from the threats posed by [[Islamic]] [[refugee]]s (and those pretending to be<ref>[http://m.washingtonexaminer.com/isis-fighters-infiltrating-syrian-refugees-uk-is-warned/article/2572051 ISIS fighters infiltrating Syrian refugees, UK is warned]</ref>) entering the country.<ref>[http://www.donaldjtrump.com/media/donald-trump-insists-muslim-ban-is-about-safety-not-religion Donald Trump Insists Muslim Ban Is About Safety, Not Religion]</ref>

Efforts have been made by hostile journalists to paint Trump as advocating a [[Muslim registry]], but what he actually proposed was a [[database for Syrian refugees]].

====Political contributions====
He has been criticized for his substantial contributions to [[Democrat]] lawmakers; the majority of those lawmakers are located in the states he resides in: New York and Florida. The amount he has donated since 2008 is $25,000, which is insignificant considering his wealth.<ref>Allin, Olivia (April 30, 2011). [http://www.ontheredcarpet.com/Donald-Trump-calls-nations-leaders-stupid-people-and-blood-sucking-politicians/8104644 "OTRC: Donald Trump calls nation's leaders 'stupid people' and 'blood-sucking politicians'"]. OnTheRedCarpet [news]. Retrieved from ABC7 [KABC Television, Los Angeles] website.</ref>

Trump is not known to be beholden to any big-money donors.

====Tariffs====
{{See also|Donald Trump achievements: Trade policy}}
[[File:Donald Trump RNC July 2016.jpg|thumb|Trump accepting the GOP nomination in Cleveland on June 21, 2016.]]
At the 2011 [[CPAC]] conference, he stated that he supports a 25% tariff on Chinese goods.<ref name=Educ/> The number floated around in 2016 is a 45% tariff. Trump was speaking in regards to China and the [[World Trade Organization]],<ref>[https://www.wsj.com/articles/chinese-finance-ministerlou-jiwei-takes-aim-at-donald-trumps-trade-policies-1460892988 Chinese Finance Minister Lou Jiwei Takes Aim at Donald Trump’s Trade Policies, WallStreetJournal, April 17, 2016]</ref>

{{cquote|In a statement from his campaign, Mr. Trump charged that [[China]] was “in total violation of WTO regulations” and that the U.S. “has incompetently allowed them to get away with this” and has failed to impose “equal or greater taxes and tariffs” on China. If he is elected president, Mr. Trump said, China “will learn to deal fairly and justly or we will not deal at all” with Beijing.}}

====Vaccines====
Trump believes that [[vaccines]] cause [[autism]]<ref>Ferris, Sarah (September 16, 2015). [https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/253980-trump-links-vaccines-to-autism-epidemic "Trump links vaccines to autism 'epidemic'"]. The Hill website/Policy/Healthcare.</ref> and has argued against requiring that so many vaccines be given to infants.

==== Eminent domain====
Trump believes that the government has the right to take [[private property]] upon paying just compensation for both infrastructure and to promote economic development.

==== Supreme Court====
{{See also|Donald Trump achievements: The courts}}
Trump opposed filling the Supreme Court seat held by [[Antonin Scalia]] before the next President takes office. When asked who he might select to the Supreme Court, he said that his sister, a sitting federal court judge, would make a great Supreme Court justice.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://server5.kproxy.com/servlet/redirect.srv/sruj/sfothrfaqegbnvj/suvw/p2/corner/423196/trump-praises-his-sister-pro-abortion-extremist-judge-ramesh-ponnuru|title=Trump Praises His Sister, a Pro-Abortion Extremist Judge|date=Aug 27, 2015|accessdate=February 21, 2016}}</ref>

===Hillary Clinton===
Trump had pledged, if elected president, to appoint a special prosecutor to further investigate [[Hillary Clinton]]'s use of a private email server whilst Secretary of State, but Hillary took her crushing defeat so hard that Trump charitably softened his stance after winning.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/22/us/politics/donald-trump-hillary-clinton-investigation.html Donald Trump Drops Threat of New Hillary Clinton Investigation] New York Times - Nov. 22, 2016</ref> A few of Trump supporters, such as [[Ann Coulter]] and [[Breitbart]], expressed disappointment but Trump rose in overall public approval.<ref>[https://www.newsmax.com/Politics/ann-coulter-slams-trump-clinton/2016/11/22/id/760220/ Ann Coulter Slams Trump's Decision on Clinton] Newsmax.com - Nov. 22, 2016</ref><ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/radio/2016/11/23/peter-schweizer-letting-hillary-off-hook-definition-rigged-system/ Peter Schweizer: Letting Hillary off the Hook Is ‘Definition of a Rigged System’] Breitbart.com - Nov. 23, 2016</ref>

==2016 presidential election==
[[File:Donald Trump (29273256122) Phoenix.jpg|thumb|250px|Donald Trump on August 31, 2016.]]
{{See also|2016 U.S. presidential election|Donald Trump achievements: 2016 election and transition}}
===Path to the Nomination===
In the 2015 [[Value Voters Debate|Value Voters]] poll, Trump performed poorly, coming in fifth, indicating many [[Christian]] [[conservatives]] had not yet warmed up to him.<ref>Flores, Reena (September 26, 2015). [https://www.cbsnews.com/news/the-conservative-poll-donald-trump-could-not-win/ "The conservative poll Donald Trump could not win"]. CBSNews website.</ref> Trump is a big supporter of [[gambling]], which most Christians, other religious groups, and [[conservatives]] oppose. But by 2016 Trump was winning more support from [[evangelical]]s than any other Republican candidate.

Trump won the Republican primary, receiving more votes than any other Republican primary candidate in history.<ref>Hoft, Joe (June 7, 2016). [https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2016/06/trump-trumps-wins-historic-race-record-fashion/ HISTORY! Trump Shatters Republican Primary Vote Record by 1.4 Million Votes]. ''The Gateway Pundit''. Retrieved November 10, 2016.</ref>

===General election===
Trump faced former liberal Democrat Secretary of State [[Hillary Clinton]] in the general election. Trump's campaign was vastly outspent, outraised, and out-staffed by Clinton's.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2016/11/10/more-with-less-trumps-lean-machine-beats-clintons-big-bank-account.html More With Less: Trump's lean machine beats Clinton's big bank account]. ''Fox News''. November 10, 2016. Retrieved November 11, 2016.</ref> The [[mainstream media]] was extremely biased against and unfair towards Trump.<ref>Kurtz, Howard (November 11, 2016). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2016/11/11/media-remain-hostile-to-donald-trump-even-as-some-pundits-admit-blew-it.html Media remain hostile to Donald Trump even as some pundits admit they blew it]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved November 11, 2016.</ref><ref>[https://www.billoreilly.com/b/Media-Bias-to-the-Extreme/39285014073786148.html Media Bias to the Extreme]. ''BillOReilly.com''. November 11, 2016. Retrieved November 12, 2016.</ref> According to a study, 91% of the media coverage concerning Trump was negative and 96% of campaign contributions from the media went to Clinton.<ref>Bedard, Paul (March 19, 2017). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/anti-trump-media-91-coverage-negative-96-of-donations-to-hillary/article/2617828 https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/anti-trump-media-91-coverage-negative-96-of-donations-to-hillary/article/2617828]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved April 27, 2017.</ref>

It was widely expected that Clinton would easily win the election, and the elite pollsters and "political insiders" all predicted a massive Clinton victory.<ref>Vogel, Kenneth P. & Isenstadt, Alex (November 9, 2016). [https://www.politico.com/story/2016/11/how-did-everyone-get-2016-wrong-presidential-election-231036 How did everyone get it so wrong?]. ''Politico''. Retrieved November 10, 2016.</ref><ref>Catanese, David (October 24, 2016). [https://www.usnews.com/news/the-run-2016/articles/2016-10-24/republicans-last-hope-the-polls-are-wrong Republicans’ Last Hope: The Polls Are Wrong]. ''U.S. News & World Report''. Retrieved November 10, 2016.</ref> At least once, when a poll was released that actually showed Trump leading, Clinton's campaign dismissed it as "bad polling".<ref>Nelson, Louis (November 1, 2016). [https://www.politico.com/story/2016/11/clinton-campaign-bad-poll-abc-washington-post-230591 Clinton camp on new survey showing Trump ahead: It’s ‘bad polling’]. ''Politico''. Retrieved November 10, 2016.</ref> Instead, Trump won the election in a massive, historical upset, winning even states such as [[Pennsylvania]], [[Michigan]], and [[Wisconsin]], which a Republican had not won for 20–30 years.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2016/11/08/first-polls-close-in-2016-race-trump-projected-to-win-ind-ky-clinton-wins-vt.html Trump wins presidency, defeats Clinton in historic election upset]. ''Fox News''. November 8, 2016. Retrieved November 10, 2016.</ref><ref>Blake, Aaron (November 9, 2016). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/11/08/donald-trumps-path-to-victory-is-suddenly-looking-much-much-wider/ Donald Trump just blew up the electoral map]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved November 10, 2016.</ref> The predictions were off the mark dramatically. The actual polls themselves were broadly correct showing Clinton leading over Trump by about 2%.<ref>[https://www.redstate.com/jaycaruso/2017/07/16/latest-job-approval-poll-president-trump-awful]</ref> However Trump 'flipped' key districts and states smashing Clinton's so-called 'Blue firewall'.<ref>Flint, Joe & Alpert, Lukas I. (November 9, 2016). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/bad-polling-in-hand-media-misses-mark-badly-with-election-predictions-1478710860 How the Media’s Election Predictions Badly Missed the Mark]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved November 10, 2016.</ref> Trump's election victory was described by ''[[Politico]]'' as "the most stunning upset in American history."<ref>Goldmacher, Shane & Schreckinger, Ben (November 9, 2016). [https://www.politico.com/story/2016/11/election-results-2016-clinton-trump-231070?lo=ap_c1 Trump pulls off biggest upset in U.S. history]. ''Politico''. Retrieved November 9, 2016.</ref>

While the GOP increased its vote share across the entire nation, Trump made the largest gains in the rural [[Midwest]] and [[Rust Belt]].<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/11/08/us/elections/how-trump-pushed-the-election-map-to-the-right.html How Trump Reshaped the Election Map]. ''The New York Times''. November 9, 2016. Retrieved November 12, 2016.</ref> Although Clinton won the popular vote 65,515,369 (48.05%) to 62,853,327 (46.09%), according to unofficial results, the large vote totals came from states which have resisted voter identification reforms.<ref>[http://www.inquisitr.com/3719036/3-million-illegal-immigrants-voted-gregg-phillips-votestand-donald-trump-final-popular-vote-count-2016-predictions/ 3 Million Illegal Immigrants Voted, Claims Gregg Phillips Of VoteStand: Donald Trump’s Final Popular Vote Count Alleged To Be Better Than 2016 Predictions], Patrick Frye, ''The Inquisitr'', November 15, 2016</ref> Dr. Robert Epstein of the American Institute for Behavioral Research and Technology testified before Congress that [[Google]] bias and meddling had shifted "between 2.6 million and up to 10.4 million votes" to Hillary Clinton.<ref>https://www.powerlineblog.com/archives/2019/08/psychologist-google-generated-at-least-2-6-million-votes-for-hillary.php</ref> Trump won the [[electoral college]] vote, 306 to 232, with the incomplete vote count reported.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://server5.kproxy.com/servlet/redirect.srv/sruj/swxn/sjkl/p2/election/results|title=Election Results|accessdate=Nov. 12, 2016}}</ref> Trump won more votes in the general election than any Republican candidate in U.S. history, and he won the largest number of electoral votes since [[George H. W. Bush]].<ref>Hoft, Jim (November 22, 2016). [https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2016/11/trump-breaks-record-votes-republican-candidate-history/ Trump Breaks Record for Most Votes by Republican Candidate in History]. ''The Gateway Pundit''. Retrieved November 22, 2016.</ref> In addition, Trump won 2,623 counties—the largest number for both a Republican or Democrat since [[Ronald Reagan]] in 1984—while the Democrats won only 489, something even the liberal [[PolitiFact]] admitted to be true.<ref>Jacobson, Louis (December 4, 2016). [https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2016/dec/04/mike-pence/mike-pence-says-donald-trump-won-most-counties-rep/ Mike Pence says Donald Trump won most counties by a Republican since Ronald Reagan]. ''PolitiFact''. Retrieved December 4, 2016.</ref> Geographically speaking, Trump accordingly won 85 percent of the nation<ref>Wallace, Tim (November 16, 2016). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/11/16/us/politics/the-two-americas-of-2016.html?_r=0 The Two Americas of 2016]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved December 5, 2016.</ref> and 61 percent of the states (including Maine's 2nd district). With the historic flip of Elliott County, Kentucky, every rural, white-majority Southern county voted for the Republican nominee for the first time in history.<ref>Simon, Jeff (December 9, 2016). [https://www.cnn.com/2016/12/09/politics/elliott-county-kentucky-democratic-streak-broken-by-donald-trump/index.html How Trump ended Democrats' 144-year winning streak in one county]. ''CNN''. Retrieved January 15, 2017.</ref>

According to exit polling, Trump won 81 percent of evangelical Christians compared to 16 percent for Clinton, a record high and even more than [[George W. Bush]] won in 2004,<ref name="townhall.com"/><ref name="wsj.com"/> even though some have disputed the accuracy of such exit polling methods.<ref>Showalter, Brandon (November 16, 2016). [http://www.christianpost.com/news/81-percent-evangelicals-vote-trump-eric-teetsel-joe-carter-171542/ Did 81 Percent of Evangelicals Really Vote for Trump? Not So Fast, Some Say]. ''The Christian Post''. Retrieved December 8, 2016.</ref> This is largely due to Trump's conservative policies that align well with the Bible, including opposition to abortion.

While liberal, establishmentarian world leaders made generally nuanced statements in response to Trump's election upset, conservative, right-wing leaders, including the leaders of insurgent parties in European nations, reacted positively to Trump's election.<ref>Ashkenas, Jeremy; Aisch, Gregor (December 5, 2016). [https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/12/05/world/europe/populism-in-age-of-trump.html?_r=0 European Populism in the Age of Donald Trump]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved December 5, 2016.</ref>

In addition to Trump's defeat of Clinton, the Republican Party kept control of the House and Senate, outperforming expectations.<ref>Bresnahan, John (November 9, 2016). [https://www.politico.eu/article/republicans-on-cusp-of-keeping-the-senate/ Republicans hold the Senate in a stunner]. ''Politico''. Retrieved November 9, 2016.</ref><ref>Hughes, Siobhan (November 9, 2016). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/republicans-are-confident-about-retaining-control-of-the-house-1478634160 Democrats Gain Seats in House, But GOP Retains Majority]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved November 9, 2016.</ref> The Republican Party performed well—much better than expected—in state races, winning trifectas in [[Kentucky]], [[Iowa]], [[Missouri]], and [[New Hampshire]], and Democrats only had six trifectas and total control in five states, a record low.<ref>Greenblatt, Alan (November 9, 2016). [http://www.governing.com/topics/elections/gov-republicans-add-dominance-state-legislatures.html Republicans Add to Their Dominance of State Legislatures]. ''Governing''. Retrieved November 9, 2016.</ref><ref>Siegel, Josh (November 9, 2016). [http://dailysignal.com/2016/11/09/republicans-maintain-strong-control-of-state-capitols-what-that-means/ Republicans Maintain Strong Control of State Capitols. Here’s What That Means.] ''The Daily Signal''. Retrieved November 9, 2016.</ref> The GOP won 25 trifectas, the largest since 1952.<ref>Lieb, David A. (December 29, 2016). [https://www.pressreader.com/usa/chicago-tribune/20161229/281822873464433 GOP-Controlled States Aim to Reshape Laws]. ''Chicago Tribune'' (from the Associated Press). Retrieved December 30, 2016.</ref> The GOP now controlled the highest amount of governorships since 1922,<ref>Lieb, David A. (November 9, 2016). [https://www.usnews.com/news/us/articles/2016-11-09/republicans-expand-control-of-governorships-legislatures Republicans governorships rise to highest mark since 1922]. ''U.S. News & World Report''. Retrieved November 9, 2016.</ref> and it controlled the most state legislative chambers in history.<ref>Bosman, Julie & Davey, Monica (November 11, 2016). [https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/12/us/republicans-expand-control-in-a-deeply-divided-nation.html Republicans Expand Control in a Deeply Divided Nation]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved November 14, 2016.</ref>

Despite expectations that Trump's election victory would cause the markets to plunge, the [[Dow Jones Industrial Average]] actually performed very strongly, closing at the highest level it had ever reached in history after the second day.<ref name="MarketRally">La Monica, Paul R. (November 10, 2016). [https://money.cnn.com/2016/11/10/investing/markets-stocks-donald-trump-rally/index.html The 'yuge' Donald Trump market rally continues]. ''CNN Money''. Retrieved November 10, 2016.</ref> It is rare for the stock market to rise immediately after a U.S. presidential election regardless of the winner.<ref name="MarketRally"/> The stock market had its best week in five years due to optimism of a Trump presidency.<ref>Craig, Victoria (November 11, 2016). [https://www.foxbusiness.com/markets/2016/11/11/trump-optimism-propels-dow-to-best-week-in-five-years.html Trump Optimism Propels Dow to Best Week in Five Years]. ''Fox Business''. Retrieved November 12, 2016.</ref>

After the election, childish [[leftists]] and [[anarchists]], who could not accept the results of the election, strongly protested Trump's victory and committed outrageous and extreme acts of vandalism and violence,<ref name="Protests">Chiaramonte, Perry (November 10, 2016). [https://www.foxnews.com/us/2016/11/10/trump-protests-intensify-as-doubts-swirl-about-spontaneity.html Trump protests intensify, as doubts swirl about spontaneity]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved November 11, 2016.</ref> even brutally attacking and beating at least one alleged Trump supporter.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/us/2016/11/10/video-emerges-group-beating-chicago-man-while-yelling-dont-vote-trump.html Video emerges of mob beating Chicago man while yelling 'don't vote Trump']. ''Fox News''. November 10, 2016. Retrieved November 11, 2016.</ref> Many of these protests were likely organized and coordinated, as many protestors were bused in by Coach buses.<ref name="Protests"/> This occurred on the heels of Hillary Clinton, the Clinton campaign, and major mainstream media condemning in the harshest terms Trump and his supporters' complaints of a "rigged election," and failure to accept the results would damage democracy. Clinton, President Obama, and the media highlighted the protests and failed to condemn the leftist violence and protests as detrimental to democracy.

==2020 presidential election==
{{See also|2016 U.S. presidential election|Donald Trump achievements|Donald Trump 2020 presidential campaign|United States presidential election, 2020}}
As an incumbent with a strong economy, Donald Trump is favored to win the 2020 U.S. presidential election.

=== Donald Trump on Joe Biden's age and his aging ===
''See also:'' [[Biden's age]] and [[Donald Trump's age]]

Nate Silver of ''FiveThirtyEight'' wrote about Bidens's age:
{{Cquote|A lot of rank-and-file voters do have concerns about Biden’s age. An NBC News/Wall Street Journal poll in February found that 62 percent of voters had reservations about voting for someone aged 75 or older. [https://news.gallup.com/poll/254120/less-half-vote-socialist-president.aspx Other polls] have also shown advanced age to be a concern among Democrats, Republicans and independents alike.<ref>[https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/are-bidens-opponents-being-too-coy-in-making-age-an-issue/ Voters Care About Biden’s Age — Not About His Gaffes] by Nate Silver,''FiveThirtyEight''</ref>}}

Donald Trump has called Joe Biden "sleepy" and said that "he looks different than he used to, he acts different than he used to, he’s even slower than he used to be".<ref>[https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2019/07/joe-biden-age-2020/593350/ Is Joe Biden ‘Too Old’?] EDWARD-ISAAC DOVERE, ''The Atlantic''</ref> See also: [[Biden's age]]

The ''[[New York Times]]'' stated:
{{Cquote|Meeting with a group of union officials in the West Wing this year, the president appealed for their support in part by tapping on his head and saying, “Biden is losing it,” according to a participant in the meeting who disclosed the president’s comment on condition of anonymity.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/29/us/politics/joe-biden-age.html Why Joe Biden’s Age Worries Some Democratic Allies and Voters], ''New York Times''</ref>}}

==President of the United States==
[[File:Donald Trump at his desk, December 2018.png|thumb|250px|President Trump sitting at his desk in the [[Oval Office]], December 21, 2018]]
{{See also|Donald Trump achievements}}
===Transition===
{{See also|Trump transition}}
The day after being elected president, Trump released a solidly conservative agenda for his first 100 days in office, even though ending the [[abortion|legalized murder of the unborn]] was not on the agenda.<ref>Kelly, Amita & Sprunt, Barbara (November 9, 2016). [https://www.npr.org/2016/11/09/501451368/here-is-what-donald-trump-wants-to-do-in-his-first-100-days Here Is What Donald Trump Wants To Do In His First 100 Days]. ''NPR''. Retrieved November 10, 2016.</ref>

On November 30, 2016, before Trump had finalized all his cabinet appointments, it was still described by Politico as "a conservative dream team that has Republicans cheering and liberals in despair" due to the many strong conservatives Trump had appointed, in contrast to moderates like [[George W. Bush]].<ref>Restuccia, Andrew; Cook, Nancy; Woellert, Lorraine (November 30, 2016). [https://www.politico.com/story/2016/11/trump-conservative-dream-team-231972 Trump's conservative dream team]. ''Politico''. Retrieved November 30, 2016.</ref><ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2016/11/30/politico-donald-trump-cabinet-conservative-dream-team/ Politico: Donald Trump’s Cabinet a ‘Conservative Dream Team’]. ''Breitbart News''. November 30, 2017. Retrieved May 18, 2017.</ref> Accordingly, ''[[Newsweek]]'' called Trump's incomplete cabinet the most conservative cabinet in U.S. history.<ref>Cooper, Matthew (December 9, 2016). [http://www.newsweek.com/trump-cabinet-picks-nominees-conservative-530477 Donald Trump Is Building the Most Conservative Presidential Cabinet In U.S. History]. ''Newsweek''. Retrieved December 10, 2016.</ref> ''[[The Washington Times]]'' noted how Trump was defying Washington establishment norms in his cabinet picks.<ref>Hurt, Charles (December 6, 2016). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/dec/6/donald-trumps-cabinet-picks-define-business-as-not/ Trump defines business as not-usual for D.C.] ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 10, 2016.</ref>

''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' stated that "it’s nearly impossible to identify a clear ideological bent" in Trump's appointments.<ref>Seib, Gerald (December 5, 2016). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/donald-trump-shuffles-the-ideological-deck-1480955194 Donald Trump Shuffles the Ideological Deck]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved December 5, 2016.</ref> However, this can be easily explained by the fact that Trump has used some of his cabinet nominations to unite the GOP by appealing to most of its factions, even though Trump's appointments are still very conservative.

During the transition period, the Obama Administration engaged in surveillance and information-gathering of Trump, in order to investigate any [[Trump-Russia scandal|alleged ties to Russia]]. This was confirmed by GOP U.S. Representative [[Devin Nunes]] on March 22, 2017,<ref>Derespina, Cody (March 23, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/03/23/trump-basks-in-nunes-surveillance-news-so-that-means-im-right.html Trump basks in Nunes surveillance news: 'So that means I'm right']. ''Fox News''. Retrieved March 23, 2017.</ref> and by [[Evelyn Farkas]], the deputy assistant secretary of defense under Obama, on March 29, 2017.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/03/29/former-obama-official-discloses-rush-to-get-intelligence-on-trump-team.html Former Obama official discloses rush to get intelligence on Trump team]. ''Fox News''. March 29, 2017. Retrieved March 29, 2017.</ref><ref>Poor, Jeff (March 29, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/video/2017/03/29/fmr-obama-official-reveals-pre-inauguration-effort-to-gather-intel-on-incoming-trump-team/ Fmr Obama Official Reveals Pre-Inauguration Effort to Gather Intel on Incoming Trump Team]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 30, 2017.</ref>

===Inauguration===
[[File:Donald Trumpswearing in.jpg|thumb|200px|Trump being sworn in, January 20, 2017.]]
Trump was inaugurated on January 20, 2017, giving one of the strongest inauguration addresses in American history.<ref>Boyle, Matthew (January 20, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/01/20/america-first-president-donald-trump-brings-the-rain-in-inauguration-address/ ‘America First’: President Donald Trump Brings the Rain in Inauguration Address]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved January 20, 2017.</ref><ref>McCaskill, Nolan D. (January 20, 2017). [https://www.politico.com/story/2017/01/key-points-of-trumps-inaugural-speech-233900 Key moments from Trump's inauguration speech]. ''Politico''. Retrieved January 20, 2017.</ref><ref>Scott, Patrick; Midgley, Robert (January 20, 2017). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/01/20/donald-trump-just-delivered-american-inauguration-speech-ever/ Donald Trump just delivered the most 'American' inauguration speech ever]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved January 20, 2017.</ref> His first bill signed as president was to allow retired general and Defense Secretary nominee [[James Mattis]] to be confirmed.<ref>Kopan, Tal (January 20, 2017). [https://www.cnn.com/2017/01/20/politics/donald-trump-first-law-actions/ President Donald Trump signs first bill into law]. ''CNN''. Retrieved January 20, 2017.</ref> That same day, Trump instituted a national day of patriotism,<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-measures-idUSKBN1542IH Trump takes first actions on Cabinet, declares day of patriotism: spokesman]. ''Reuters''. January 20, 2017. Retrieved January 20, 2017.</ref> and a few days later Trump officially designated his inauguration day the '''''National Day of Patriotic Devotion'''''.<ref>[https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2017/01/24/2017-01798/national-day-of-patriotic-devotion National Day of Patriotic Devotion -- Proclamation 9570 of January 20, 2017]. ''Federal Register''. January 24, 2017. Retrieved February 2, 2017.</ref><ref>Shelbourne, Mallory (January 23, 2017). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/315735-trump-declares-inauguration-day-national-day-of-patriotic-devotion https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/315735-trump-declares-inauguration-day-national-day-of-patriotic-devotion]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved February 2, 2017.</ref>

Despite the fact that leftists knew for two months that Trump would be inaugurated president, hateful, anti-American, and immature leftists engaged in violent protests and did major acts of vandalism and even injuring the police who were sent in.<ref>Vargas, Theresa; Hartz, Taylor; Hermann, Peter (January 20, 2017). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/protesters-bring-shouts-skirmishes-and-shutdowns-to-inauguration-celebration/2017/01/20/00ea4c72-df11-11e6-acdf-14da832ae861_story.html?utm_term=.c4443fa64f5a Inauguration protesters vandalize, set fires, try to disrupt Trump’s oath, as police arrest 200]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved January 20, 2017.</ref><ref name="LimoFire">Lawler, David (January 20, 2017). [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/01/20/anti-donald-trump-activists-try-block-access-inauguration/ Donald Trump protests: Limo 'set on fire' and 217 arrested as police use tear gas on black-clad activists]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved January 20, 2017.</ref> At least 217 protesters were arrested.<ref name="LimoFire"/><ref>Weber, Joseph (January 20, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/01/20/trump-supporters-protesters-rally-before-sunrise-on-inauguration-day.html Hundreds of protesters arrested in Inauguration Day clashes]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved March 31, 2017.</ref><ref>Noble, Andrea; McDermott, Ryan M. (January 20, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/jan/20/donald-trump-inauguration-protests-begin-turn-viol/ D.C. police report 217 arrested during Inauguration Day riots]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved March 31, 2017.</ref>

Despite having no power to block Trump's cabinet nominees and having no reason to delay the process,<ref>Pergram, Chad (January 20, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/01/20/senate-battle-erupts-over-dem-delay-confirming-trump-nominees.html Senate battle erupts over Dem 'delay' confirming Trump nominees]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 23, 2017.</ref> liberal Senate Democrats delayed confirmation of Trump's nominees, so that only two were confirmed on Trump's first day in office.<ref>Dinan, Stephen (January 22, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/jan/22/trumps-cabinet-picks-delayed-by-democrats-only-two/? Donald Trump’s Cabinet picks delayed by Democrats, only two confirmed]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved January 23, 2017.</ref> This was a large difference from other recent presidents,<ref>Phillips, Amber (January 21, 2017). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2017/01/20/donald-trump-will-start-his-presidency-with-the-smallest-confirmed-cabinet-in-decades/?utm_term=.9d7692169687 Donald Trump is starting his presidency with the smallest confirmed Cabinet in decades]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved Janaury 23, 2017.</ref> who, with the exception of [[George H. W. Bush]], had much larger numbers confirmed in the first week.<ref>Bluey, Robert (January 22, 2017). [http://dailysignal.com/2017/01/22/trumps-nominees-face-unprecedented-democrat-obstructionism/ Trump’s Nominees Face ‘Unprecedented’ Democrat Obstructionism]. ''The Daily Signal''. Retrieved January 23, 2017.</ref>

===Tenure===
{{See also|Donald Trump's major achievements}}
Due to his promotion and support of conservative, America First policies, President Trump faced large opposition from the Left, including from within the government bureaucracy.<ref>Singman, Brooke (January 1, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/01/31/trump-faces-bureaucratic-battle-in-implementing-agenda.html Trump faces bureaucratic battle in implementing agenda]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved February 1, 2017.</ref><ref>Kurtz, Howard (February 3, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/02/03/empire-strikes-back-why-trumps-private-talks-with-foreign-leaders-were-leaked.html The empire strikes back: Why Trump's private talks with foreign leaders were leaked]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved February 3, 2017.</ref> (The fact that members of the Deep State have grown visibly scared of reports stating such confirms this view;<ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2017/03/22/politico-obama-admin-bureaucrats-panicked-by-breitbart-spotlight-dont-question-our-loyalty/ POLITICO: Obama Admin Bureaucrats ‘Panicked’ by Breitbart Spotlight: Don’t Question Our Loyalty!] ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved March 22, 2017.</ref> in May 2017, it was reported that 60% of [[National Security Council]] employees were Obama-Administration holdovers<ref>Wong, Kristina (May 17, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/05/17/trump-under-siege-more-than-60-percent-of-nsc-employees-placed-by-obama/ Trump Under Siege: More than 60 Percent of NSC Employees Placed by Obama]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 18, 2017.</ref>) Additionally, Senate Democrats continued to unduly delay Trump's cabinet nominees at historic and unprecedented proportions—by February 8, 2017, only [[George Washington]] had fewer cabinet nominees confirmed by this length of time into his presidency.<ref>Singman, Brooke (February 8, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/02/08/trump-facing-historic-delays-in-confirmation-push.html Trump facing historic delays in confirmation push]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved February 8, 2017.</ref>

On January 23, 2017, Trump signed an order which withdrew the United States from the globalist [[Trans-Pacific Partnership]].<ref>Chakraborty, Barnini (January 23, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/01/23/trump-signs-executive-order-withdrawing-us-from-tpp-trade-deal.html Trump signs executive order withdrawing US from TPP trade deal]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 23, 2017.</ref> That same day, Trump signed an order reinstating the [[Mexico City Policy]], which defunded International Planned Parenthood and other organizations that promote foreign abortions.<ref>LaBarbera, Peter (January 23, 2017). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/breaking-trump-signs-order-defunding-international-planned-parenthood-forei BREAKING: Trump signs order defunding International Planned Parenthood, foreign abortions]. ''LifeSite News''. Retrieved January 23, 2017.</ref><ref>Hellman, Jessie (January 23, 2017). [https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/abortion/315652-trump-signs-executive-order-reinstating-global-gag-rule-on Trump reinstates ban on US funds promoting abortion overseas]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved January 23, 2017.</ref>

Trump was very busy and productive in his first week and showed he was serious about his campaign promises, undoing Obama's illegitimate legacy and instituting conservative executive orders.<ref>Davenport, David (January 27, 2017). [https://www.forbes.com/sites/daviddavenport/2017/01/27/how-trump-managed-to-undo-obamas-legacy-in-one-week/#3ae6bcba5bbf How Trump Managed To Undo Obama's Legacy In One Week]. ''Forbes''. Retrieved January 27, 2017.</ref><ref>Said-Moorhouse, Lauren (January 26, 2017). [https://www.cnn.com/2017/01/26/politics/executive-orders-presidents-actions-presidential-memoranda/ What's Trump done so far? His productive first week and how it stacks up to previous presidents]. ''CNN''. Retrieved January 27, 2017.</ref><ref>[https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/28/president-trumps-first-week-action President Trump's First Week of Action]. ''whitehouse.gov''. January 28, 2017. Retrieved January 28, 2017.</ref> This caused the [[stock market]] to increase, and the [[Dow Jones]] passed 20,000 points for the first time in history.<ref>Imbert, Fred (January 25, 2017). [https://www.cnbc.com/2017/01/25/us-markets.html Dow closes above 20,000 for first time as Trump orders send stocks flying]. ''CNBC''. Retrieved January 25, 2017.</ref><ref>Craig, Victoria (January 25, 2017). [https://www.foxbusiness.com/markets/2017/01/25/dow-races-past-20k-in-reinvigorated-trump-rally.html Dow Races Past 20K in Reinvigorated Trump Rally]. ''Fox Business''. Retrieved January 25, 2017.</ref> On March 1, 2017, the day after Trump made his first address to a joint-session of Congress, the stock market rose dramatically again, with the Dow Jones passing the 21,000 mark for the first time in history.<ref>Witkowski, Wallace; Mahmudova, Anora (March 1, 2017). [https://www.marketwatch.com/story/wall-street-stocks-set-to-resume-rally-on-fed-rate-hike-hopes-trump-relief-2017-03-01 Dow closes above 21,000 as stocks soar after Trump speech]. ''MarketWatch''. Retrieved March 1, 2017.</ref><ref>Holcomb, John (March 1, 2017). [https://townhall.com/tipsheet/justinholcomb/2017/03/01/stock-market-booms-past-21000-for-the-first-time-in-history-n2292388 The Trump Bump: Stock Market Hits 21,000 for the First Time in History]. ''Townhall''. Retrieved March 1, 2017.</ref><ref>DeSoto, Randy (March 1, 2017). [http://www.westernjournalism.com/stock-market-hits-new-high-follow-trumps-speech-to-congress/ Stock Market Hits New High Following Trump’s Speech To Congress]. ''Western Journalism''. Retrieved March 1, 2017.</ref>

As evidence of this intense [[mainstream media]] opposition to President Trump, a study published close to the 100th-day mark of Trump's presidency showed that 89% of media coverage regarding Trump was negative.<ref>
* Harper, Jennifer (April 19, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/apr/19/donald-trump-media-coverage-is-89-percent-negative/ As first 100 days in office approaches, media coverage of Trump is 89% negative: Study]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved April 20, 2017.
* Noyes, Rich; Ciandella, Mike (April 19, 2017). [https://www.newsbusters.org/blogs/nb/rich-noyes/2017/04/18/honeymoon-hell-liberal-media-vs-president-trump Honeymoon from Hell: The Liberal Media vs. President Trump]. ''NewsBusters -- Media Research Center''. Retrieved April 21, 2017.</ref> Additionally, Trump was on track to become the most mocked president on late-night comedy TV in at least 25 years.<ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/big-hollywood/2017/05/04/study-trump-track-mocked-president-late-night-25-years/ Study: Trump On Track to Be Most Mocked President on Late-Night TV in 25 Years]. ''Breitbart News''. May 4, 2017. Retrieved May 4, 2017.</ref>

On April 26, 2017, the Department of Homeland Security, acting under an executive order established by President Trump, established the Victims of Immigration Crime Engagement Office (VOICE), created to help support victims of illegal immigrant crime, and it established the DHS-Victim Information and Notification Exchange, which was created to help those victims track the custody status of the illegal criminals.<ref>
* Singman, Brooke (April 26, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/04/26/dhs-announces-office-for-victims-illegal-immigrant-crime.html DHS announces office for victims of illegal immigrant crime]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
* McHugh, Katie (April 26, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/04/26/dhs-kelly-voice-victims-illegal-alien-criminals/ DHS Kelly Creates VOICE For Many Victims of Illegal Alien Criminals]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
* McHugh, Katie (April 25, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/04/25/dhs-unveil-voice-office-victims-illegal-alien-crime/ DHS to Unveil VOICE Office for Victims of Illegal Alien Crime]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 26, 2017.</ref> However, leftists took to pranking the phone line created, showing disrespect to the victims of illegal immigration.<ref>Singman, Brooke (April 27, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/04/27/ice-rips-pranksters-jamming-hotline-to-report-space-aliens.html ICE rips pranksters jamming hotline to report space aliens]. '' Fox News''. Retrieved April 27, 2017.</ref>

Canadian Prime Minister [[Justin Trudeau]] described President Trump as being very authentic – the way he acts in public is like how he does in private.<ref>Yilek, Caitlin (August 31, 2017). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/canadian-prime-minister-justin-trudeau-trump-is-surprisingly-authentic/article/2633107 Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau: Trump is surprisingly 'authentic']. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved August 31, 2017.</ref>

====Temporary immigration and refugee suspensions====
{{See also|Donald Trump achievements: Immigration, illegal immigration, and border security}}
Trump received criticism from liberals and [[establishment]] Republicans<ref>McHugh, Katie (January 31, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/01/31/establishment-republicans-bash-trumps-executive-order-on-immigration-refugee-resettlement/ Establishment Republicans Bash Trump’s Executive Order on Immigration, Refugee Resettlement]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved January 31, 2017.</ref> when he signed an executive order temporarily banning immigration from certain high-risk Islamic countries as well as refugee entry. Despite this criticism, 49 percent of the American public supported the decision compared to 41 percent opposed, according to the "mainstream" Reuters,<ref>Kahn, Chris (January 31, 2017). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-immigration-poll-exclusive-idUSKBN15F2MG Exclusive: Only a third of Americans think Trump's travel ban will make them more safe]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved January 31, 2017.</ref> and 57% percent of likely American voters supported the ban according to Rasmussen.<ref>[http://m.rasmussenreports.com/public_content/politics/current_events/immigration/january_2017/most_support_temporary_ban_on_newcomers_from_terrorist_havens Most Support Temporary Ban on Newcomers from Terrorist Havens].'' January 2017. Retrieved February 2, 2017.</ref> Additionally, while the leftist [[establishment]] European leaders opposed the ban, a strong majority—55% average—of Europeans support the ban, according to a poll in 10 [[European Union]] nations.<ref>Shaw, Adam (February 9, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/world/2017/02/09/majority-europeans-in-favor-trump-style-muslim-ban-poll-shows.html Majority of Europeans in favor of a Trump-style Muslim ban, poll shows]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved February 9, 2017.</ref><ref>Jamieson, Alastair (February 8, 2017). [https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/europes-border-crisis/majority-leading-eu-nations-support-trump-style-travel-ban-poll-n718271 Majority in Leading EU Nations Support Trump-Style Travel Ban: Poll]. ''NBC News''. Retrieved February 9, 2017.</ref> On March 6, 2017, Trump signed a second executive order concerning the temporary suspension of refugees and others from certain high-risk countries after the first one was blocked by the courts. The second order made some clarifications and minor improvements over the first, such as exempting green card holders from the ban and excluding [[Iraq]] from it as it had developed an acceptable vetting process.<ref>Munro, Neil (March 6, 2016). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/03/06/trump-new-refugees-executive-pushes-back-judges/ Donald Trump Signs Executive Order Banning Travel from Six Terror-Tied Countries]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved March 6, 2017.</ref><ref>Chakraborty, Barnini (March 6, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/03/06/trump-signs-new-immigration-order-narrows-scope-travel-ban.html Trump signs new immigration order, narrows scope of travel ban]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved March 6, 2017.</ref>

Trump showed he would not tolerate incompetent leftist administration officials when he fired acting [[United States Department of Justice|Attorney General]] [[Sally Yates]] (a left-wing Obama holdover) when she refused to defend his refugee and immigration ban executive order.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/01/30/acting-ag-tells-justice-department-staff-not-to-defend-trumps-refugee-order.html Trump fires acting AG after Justice Department staff told not to defend refugee order]. ''Fox News''. January 30, 2017. Retrieved January 31, 2017.</ref><ref>[https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/01/30/statement-appointment-dana-boente-acting-attorney-general Statement on the Appointment of Dana Boente as Acting Attorney General]. ''whitehouse.gov''. January 30, 2017. Retrieved January 31, 2017.</ref> Trump emulated [[Ronald Reagan]]'s firing of the striking PATCO workers in 1981 by doing so,<ref>Boyle, Matthew (January 30, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/01/30/trumps-patco-moment-emanating-reagan-president-takes-control-federal-government-protect-country-citizens/ Trump’s PATCO Moment: Emanating Reagan, the President Takes Control of Federal Government to ‘Protect the Country and Its Citizens’]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved January 31, 2017.</ref> contrary to the [[mainstream media]] spin.<ref>Kurtz, Howard (February 1, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/02/01/trumps-firing-defiant-obama-holdover-why-hes-no-richard-nixon.html Trump's firing of a defiant Obama holdover: Why he's no Richard Nixon]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved February 1, 2017.</ref> That same night, Trump replaced the acting director of [[Immigration and Customs Enforcement]] (another Obama holdover) with a more competent official who had a reputation for enforcing immigration laws.<ref>Chamberlain, Samuel (January 31, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/01/31/trump-names-thomas-homan-acting-director-ice-replacing-obama-holdover.html Trump names Thomas Homan acting director of ICE, replacing Obama holdover]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 31, 2017.</ref><ref>Berman, Mark; Zapotosky, Matt (January 30, 2017). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2017/01/30/trump-appoints-new-immigration-and-customs-enforcement-director-noted-for-his-work-deporting-illegal-immigrants/?utm_term=.addf12ae690a Trump appoints new Immigration and Customs Enforcement director noted for his work deporting illegal immigrants]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved January 31, 2017.</ref>

====Reducing regulations and government====
:''For more information, see [[Donald Trump achievements: Deregulation and government size]]''
In the first six weeks of Trump's presidency, over 90 regulations were repealed, whether through executive orders, Acts of Congress, or other means.<ref>Farand, Chloe (March 6, 2017). [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/donald-trump-federal-state-regulations-month-oval-office-white-house-us-president-deregulate-a7614031.html Donald Trump disassembles 90 federal state regulations in just over a month in White House]. ''The Independent''. Retrieved March 7, 2017.</ref><ref>[https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3480299-10-Examples-Industries-Push-Followed-by-Trump.html#document/p60/a341284 Trump-Era Trend: Industries Protest. Regulations Rolled Back. A Dozen Examples]. ''The New York Times'' (through ''DocumentCloud''). Retrieved March 7, 2017.</ref> Trump also signed numerous executive actions promoting a smaller government.

====Supreme Court====
{{See also|Donald Trump achievements: The courts|Trump Supreme Court}}
On January 31, 2017, Trump nominated Neil Gorsuch to the [[Supreme Court of the United States|U.S. Supreme Court]].<ref>Klukowski, Ken (January 31, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/01/31/trump-nominates-judge-neil-gorsuch-supreme-court/ Trump Nominates Judge Neil Gorsuch to Supreme Court]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved January 31, 2017.</ref><ref>Hurley, Lawrence; Holland, Steve (January 31, 2017). [https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-court-trump-idUSKBN15F1OW Trump picks conservative judge Gorsuch for U.S. Supreme Court]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved January 31, 2017.</ref> The nomination was well received by many conservatives.<ref>Chamberlain, Steve (January 31, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/01/31/reaction-to-trumps-supreme-court-pick-split-along-partisan-lines.html Conservatives hail Trump's Supreme Court pick]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved January 31, 2017.</ref><ref>Ertelt, Steven (January 31, 2017). [https://www.lifenews.com/2017/01/31/president-donald-trump-nominates-pro-life-friendly-judge-neil-gorsuch-to-the-supreme-court/ President Donald Trump Nominates Pro-Life-Friendly Judge Neil Gorsuch to the Supreme Court]. ''LifeNews.com''. Retrieved January 31, 2017.</ref> Others, most notably [[Andrew Schlafly]], disagreed with the nomination due to concerns about Gorsuch's position on abortion.<ref>Dannenfelser, Marjorie (January 31, 2017). [https://townhall.com/columnists/marjoriedannenfelser/2017/01/31/the-truth-about-trumps-prolife-scotus-list-n2279232 The Truth about Trump’s Pro-life SCOTUS List]. ''Townhall''. Retrieved February 1, 2017.</ref><ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Mainpageright&diff=1302133&oldid=1301962</ref>

Upon the swing justice [[Anthony Kennedy|Anthony Kennedy's]] announcement on June 21, 2018 that he would retire from the Court at the end of the succeeding month, Trump nominated the conservative [[Brett Kavanaugh]] to replace him.<ref>Mason, Ian (July 9, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2018/07/09/trump-brett-kavanaugh-supreme-court-nominee/ Trump Announces Brett Kavanaugh as Supreme Court Nominee] ''Breitbart News''.</ref>

====Public trust====
According to a poll conducted by [[Emerson College]] on February 5–6, 2017, more Americans trust the Trump Administration than the media.<ref>McHugh, Katie (February 9, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/02/09/poll-voters-trust-trump-administration-media/ Poll: Voters Trust Trump Administration More Than Media]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved February 9, 2017.</ref>

====Economic progress====
[[File:Real Disposable Personal Income Per Capita.png|right|350px|thumb|Real Personal Income gains under President Trump beginning from the flat base of President Obama's last year in office. ''Source: Federal Reserve Board'']]
{{See also|Donald Trump achievements: Economic policy and labor}}
In May 2017, the unemployment rate fell from 4.4% from 4.3%, the lowest since May 2001, as the number of unemployed persons was little changed at 6.9 million and the labor force participation rate fell to 62.7 percent.<ref>[https://tradingeconomics.com/united-states/unemployment-rate United States Unemployment Rate]. ''tradingeconomics.com''. Retrieved June 14, 2017.</ref>

According to a Rasmussen survey, consumer confidence is the second-highest it's been in the index's history. The market cap of the U.S. stock market has risen more than $3 trillion since Mr. Trump was elected. Small-business confidence has surged to a 12-year high.

==Books==
*''Trump: The Art of the Deal'' with Tony Schwartz (1987)
*''Trump: Surviving at the Top'' with Charles Leerhsen (1990)
*''Trump: The Art of the Comeback'' with Kate Bohner (1997)
*''The America We Deserve'' with Dave Shiflett (2000)
*''Trump: How to Get Rich'' with Meredith McIver (2004)
*''Trump: Think Like a Billionaire: Everything You Need to Know about Success, Real Estate and Life'' with Meredith McIver (2005)
*''Why We Want You to Be Rich: Two Men, One Message'' with Meredith McIver and Robert T. Kiyosaki (2006)
*''Think Big and Kick Ass in Business and Life'' with Bill Zanker (2007)
*''Trump: Never Give Up: How I Turned My Biggest Challenges into Success'' with Meredith McIver (2008)
*''Think Like a Champion: An Informal Education in Business and Life'' with Meredith McIver (2009)
*''Midas Touch: Why Some Entrepreneurs Get Rich—and Why Most Don't'' with Robert T. Kiyosaki (2011)
*''Time to Get Tough: Making America #1 Again'' (2011)
*''Crippled America: How to Make America Great Again'' (2015)

==Quotes==
===Quotes as U.S. President===
====Inaugural address====
*"....today we are not merely transferring power from one administration to another, or from one party to another, but we are transferring power from Washington, D.C., and giving it back to you, the people."<ref name="InaugTransc">[https://www.politico.com/story/2017/01/full-text-donald-trump-inauguration-speech-transcript-233907 Full text: 2017 Donald Trump inauguration speech transcript]. ''Politico''. January 20, 2017. Retrieved January 20, 2017.</ref>
*"We assembled here today our issuing a new decree to be heard in every city, in every foreign capital, and in every hall of power, from this day forward: a new vision will govern our land, from this day forward, it's going to be only America first. America first."<ref name="InaugTransc"/>
*"[We will] unite the civilized world against radical Islamic terrorism, which we will eradicate completely from the face of the Earth."<ref name="InaugTransc"/>
*"When you open your heart to patriotism, there is no room for prejudice."<ref name="InaugTransc"/>

====2017====
*"In America we don’t worship government, we worship God."<ref>Miller, S.A. (May 13, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/may/13/donald-trump-tells-liberty-university-graduates-we/ Trump at Liberty University: ‘We don’t worship government, we worship God’]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved May 13, 2017.</ref><ref>Moons, Michelle (May 13, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/05/13/president-donald-trumps-1st-commencement-speech-america-dont-worship-government-worship-god/ President Donald Trump’s First Commencement Speech: ‘In America We Don’t Worship Government, We Worship God’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 13, 2017.</ref>
*"I didn’t get elected to serve the Washington media—I got elected to serve the forgotten men and women and that’s exactly what I’m doing."<ref>Spiering, Charlie (May 17, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/05/17/donald-trump-vows-to-fight-on-no-politician-in-history-has-been-treated-worse-or-more-unfairly/ Donald Trump: ‘I Didn’t Get Elected to Serve the Washington Media’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 17, 2017.</ref><ref>Singman, Brooke (May 17, 2017). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2017/05/17/trump-takes-on-media-during-coast-guard-commencement-speech.html Trump takes on media during Coast Guard commencement speech]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved May 17, 2017.</ref>
* "The problem in Venezuela is not that socialism has been poorly implemented, but that socialism has been faithfully implemented." (UN speech, September 2017)
* "The most important truth our Founders understood was this: Freedom is not a gift from government; freedom is a gift from God."<ref>[https://twitter.com/realdonaldtrump/status/920474831749025795 @realDonaldTrump], 17 Oct 2017</ref><ref>Crookston, Paul (October 17, 2017). [https://freebeacon.com/politics/trump-freedom-not-gift-government-freedom-gift-god/ Trump: ‘Freedom Is Not a Gift From Government; Freedom Is a Gift From God’]. ''The Washington Free Beacon''. Retrieved October 20, 2017.</ref>

===Quotes from the 2016 campaign for President===
[[File:Donald Trump and Mike Pence RNC July 2016.jpg|thumb|Trump and his running-mate, [[Mike Pence]], at the 2016 Republican National Convention.]]
Trump's tactics of naming and shaming candidates has been proven very effective. He called Jeb Bush 'low-energy Jeb' and it stuck. Then came Marco Rubio as 'Little Marco.' Next came 'Lyin' Ted' for Ted Cruz. For the Democrats, he calls Hillary Clinton 'Crooked Hillary'. He doesn't give Bernie Sanders the same treatment though he has referred to him as a Communist.

*“We will no longer surrender this country or its people to the false song of [[globalism]].”
*"I think we have a president who, as a president, is totally incompetent, and he doesn’t know what he’s doing. I think he has no idea what he’s doing. And our country is going to [[hell]]."<ref>http://time.com/4210983/republican-debate-barack-obama-incompetent/</ref>
*"I will be the greatest jobs president that [[God]] ever created."
*"I’m using my own money. I’m not using the lobbyists. I’m not using donors. I don’t care. I’m really rich."
*"Free trade is terrible. Free trade can be wonderful if you have smart people. But we have stupid people."
*"Nobody would be tougher on ISIS than Donald Trump. Nobody. Within our military, I will find the General Patton, or I will find General MacArthur, I will find the right guy."
*"I will build a great, great wall on our southern border, and I will have [[Mexico]] pay for that wall."
*"I think the big problem this country has is being politically correct."<ref>https://video.foxnews.com/v/4406746003001/watch-a-replay-of-fox-news-prime-time-presidential-debate/?#sp=show-clips</ref><ref>https://www.google.com/search?q=a+big+problem+with+our+country+is+too+politically+incorrect&oq=a+big+problem+with+our+country+is+too+politically+incorrect&aqs=chrome..69i57j69i64l3.8295j0j7&sourceid=chrome&es_sm=119&ie=UTF-8</ref>
*"Becoming the nominee of the party of [[Abraham Lincoln]] has been the greatest honor of my life.<ref>https://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/presidential-races/294401-trump-claims-party-of-lincoln-mantle-in-speech-at-black</ref>

====General election debate quotes====
*"Because you would be in jail." (Trump in response to Clinton saying that it would be a good thing that he "is not in charge of the law in our country")<ref name="2ndTranscript">[https://www.politico.com/story/2016/10/2016-presidential-debate-transcript-229519 Full transcript: Second 2016 presidential debate]. ''Politico''. October 10, 2016. Retrieved October 11, 2016.</ref>
*"Now she’s blaming the lie on the late great Abraham Lincoln. ...Honest Abe never lied. That’s the good thing. That's the big difference between Abraham Lincoln and you." (Trump in response to Clinton's excuse for having "'a public and private position on certain issues.'")<ref name="2ndTranscript"/>
*"Hillary has experience, but it’s bad experience."<ref>Goodenough, Patrick (September 27, 2016). [https://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/patrick-goodenough/ Trump: 'Hillary Has Experience, But It's Bad Experience']. ''cnsnews.com''. Retrieved November 10, 2016.</ref>

===Quotes from Twitter===
[[File:Screenshot 2015-09-28-12-11-31-1.png|right|300px|Thumb|Tweet from Billionaire Carl Icahn]]
{{Cquote| '''Somebody said I’m the Ernest Hemingway of 140 characters.'''}}
Trump's tweets are archived and fully searchable online.<ref>http://www.trumptwitterarchive.com/archive</ref> Here are some choice examples:
* "An 'extremely credible source' has called my office and told me that @BarackObama's birth certificate is a fraud."<ref>Trump, Donald J. (August 6, 2012, 1:23 pm). [https://twitter.com/realdonaldtrump/status/232572505238433794 "An 'extremely credible source' has called my office and told me that @BarackObama's birth certificate is a fraud."] Tweet by @realDonaldTrump.</ref>
* "It’s amazing how people can talk about me but I’m not allowed to talk about them."<ref>Trump, Donald J. (November 13, 2012, 12:23pm). [https://twitter.com/realdonaldtrump/status/268449146711703553 "It’s amazing how people can talk about me but I’m not allowed to talk about them."] Tweet by @realDonaldTrump.</ref>
* "This very expensive GLOBAL WARMING bull**** has got to stop. Our planet is freezing, record low temps,and our GW scientists are stuck in ice."<ref>Trump, Donald J. (January 1, 2014, 4:39pm). [https://twitter.com/realdonaldtrump/status/418542137899491328 "This very expensive GLOBAL WARMING bull**** has got to stop. Our planet is freezing, record low temps,and our GW scientists are stuck in ice."] Tweet by @realDonaldTrump.</ref>

====2015====
* "So many 'politically correct' fools in our country. We have to all get back to work and stop wasting time and energy on nonsense!" (August 8, 2015)
* "Notice that illegal immigrants will be given ObamaCare and free college tuition but nothing has been mentioned about our VETERANS #DemDebate" (October 13, 2015)
* "They laughed at me when I said to bomb the ISIS controlled oil fields. Now they are not laughing and doing what I said." (November 13, 2015)
* "President Obama said 'ISIL continues to shrink' in an interview just hours before the horrible attack in Paris. He is just so bad! CHANGE." (November 14, 2015)
* "Refugees from Syria are now pouring into our great country. Who knows who they are - some could be ISIS. Is our president insane?" (November 17, 2015)
* "Eight Syrians were just caught on the southern border trying to get into the U.S. ISIS maybe? I told you so. WE NEED A BIG & BEAUTIFUL WALL!" (November 19, 2015)

====2016====
* "Hillary said that guns don't keep you safe. If she really believes that she should demand that her heavily armed bodyguards quickly disarm!" (January 3, 2016)
* "I wonder if President Obama would have attended the funeral of Justice Scalia if it were held in a Mosque? Very sad that he did not go!" (February 20, 2016)
* "The organized group of people, many of them thugs, who shut down our First Amendment rights in Chicago, have totally energized America!" (March 12, 2016)
* "Why is it that the horrendous protesters, who scream, curse punch, shut down roads/doors during my RALLIES, are never blamed by media? SAD!" (March 20, 2016)
* "Do you all remember how beautiful and safe a place Brussels was. Not anymore, it is from a different world! U.S. must be vigilant and smart!" (March 22, 2016)
* "For the 1st time in American history, America’s 16,500 border patrol agents have issue[d] a presidential primary endorsement—me! Thank you." (April 1, 2016)
*"We are going to say Merry [[Christmas]] again." (December 2016 in [[Michigan]]).<ref>[Trump: 'We are going to say merry Christmas again'], ''The Hill'', December 13, 2016</ref>

====2017====
*"The FAKE NEWS media (failing @nytimes, @NBCNews, @ABC, @CBS, @CNN) is not my enemy, it is the enemy of the American People!"<ref>Greenwood, Mark (February 17, 2017). [https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/320168-trump-the-media-is-the-enemy-of-the-american-people Trump tweets: The media is the 'enemy of the American people']. ''The Hill''. Retrieved February 27, 2017.</ref>
* "Mike Flynn should ask for immunity in that this is a witch hunt (excuse for big election loss), by media & Dems, of historic proportion!" (March 31, 2017)
* "That's right, we need a TRAVEL BAN for certain DANGEROUS countries, not some politically correct term that won't help us protect our people!" (June 5, 2017, while the Dept. of Justice was arguing in court that his Executive Order was not a "travel ban")
* "Fake News is at an all time high. Where is their apology to me for all of the incorrect stories???" (June 13, 2017)

===Other quotes===
* "[T]he country is going to hell."<ref>Cassidy, Chris (March 19, 2015). [http://www.bostonherald.com/news_opinion/us_politics/2015/03/country_is_going_to_hell_claims_donald_trump "'Country is going to hell,' claims Donald Trump"]. BostonHerald.com website.</ref>
* "We have no leader in this country.”<ref>Reisner, Hiram (April 22, 2011). [https://www.newsmax.com/InsideCover/donaldtrump-karlrove-gop-birther/2011/04/22/id/393742 "Trump: I'd just take Libyan oil"]. NewsMax website.</ref>
* "Our leaders are stupid, they are stupid people."<ref>Pierce, Tony (April 29, 2011). [http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/washington/2011/04/donald-trump-in-vegas-our-leaders-are-stupid-they-are-stupid-people.html "Donald Trump in Vegas: 'Our leaders are stupid; they are stupid people'"]. Los Angeles Times website/Top of the Ticket blog.</ref>
* "I can tell you I am [the 2012 Obama campaign's] worst nightmare."<ref>Mooney, Alexander (April 11, 2011). [http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/04/11/trump-says-he-is-obama-campaigns-worst-nightmare/comment-page-6/ "Trump says he is Obama campaign's worst nightmare"]. Cable News Network website/politicalticker blog.</ref>
* "Obama has no solutions."<ref>Coz, Steve (August 19, 2012). [https://www.newsmax.com/Newsfront/trump-gibbs-fox-obama/2012/08/19/id/449050/ "Trump fires back at Obama campaign smear"]. Newsmax website/Newsfront.</ref>
*"Everything in life is luck."<ref name="Telegraph">https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/us-election/12107003/Donald-Trump-faces-questions-over-Two-Corinthians.html</ref>
*"[Barack Obama] is probably the least transparent president in the history of the country."<ref name="Telegraph"/>
*"Not teaching your kids about money is like not caring whether they eat."<ref name="Telegraph"/>

== Liberal denialism and Donald Trump ==

:''See also:'' [[Liberal denialism and Donald Trump]] and [[Liberal denial]]

Post the 2016 U.S. presidential election many liberals were in denial that Donald Trump was going to be president of the United States. Before the election, many liberal media outlets took the line that Donald Trump could not win the [[Republican]] primary and could not win the presidential election.<ref>
*[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/11/09/the-wrongest-media-predictions-about-donald-trump/?utm_term=.febb2623a89f The wrongest media predictions about Donald Trump The wrongest media predictions about Donald Trump], ''Washington Post'', 2016</ref>

=== Political scientists, denialism and Donald Trump ===

{{See also|Atheism and science}}

Few, if any, [[Political science|political scientists]] predicted early on that Donald Trump would win the Republican primary and then would subsequently be elected president of the United States. Furthermore, most pollsters indicated that Trump would lose the election.

27 percent of American political scientists believe in the existence of God while 76 percent of American doctors said they believe in God.<ref>
*[http://www.livescience.com/379-scientists-belief-god-varies-starkly-discipline.html Scientists belief in God varies starkly by discipline], Livescience.com
*[https://www.nbcnews.com/id/8318894/ns/health-health_care/t/survey-most-doctors-believe-god-afterlife/ Most doctors believe in God], NBC News</ref> Most American [[atheism|atheists]] lean to the left politically (see: [[Atheism and politics]]). Compared to [[medical science]], which has many effective medicines and surgical procedures, the social science of political science is often unreliable.

===Trump and the mainstream media===
{{See also|Mainstream media and Donald Trump}}
The leftist [[mainstream media]] despises Trump and, under the influence of [[Trump Derangement Syndrome]], refuses to report objectively when covering him.

=== Angry secular leftists and Donald Trump ===

:''See also:'' [[Donald Trump and American atheists]] and [[Secular leftists and psychogenic illness]]

American [[secular left]]ists were extremely angry and upset in the aftermath of Donald Trump's election victory (see: [[Donald Trump and American atheists]]).

In certain cases, it became debilitating (see:: [[Secular leftists and psychogenic illness]]). The website Marketwatch reported concerning the aftermath of the 2016 presidential race: ''Trump’s win is causing a surge in demand for mental health services''<ref>[https://www.marketwatch.com/story/trumps-win-is-causing-a-surge-in-demand-for-mental-health-services-2016-11-10 Trump’s win is causing a surge in demand for mental health services], Marketwatch 2016</ref>

The ''Religion News Service'' reported:
{{Cquote|For the last decade, [[Atheism|atheists]], [[secular humanism|humanists]] and others [[secular]]ists have worked hard to organize a “secular vote” that would counter the political clout of the [[religious right]].

President-elect Donald J. Trump’s victory dealt that movement a body blow when he garnered 81 percent of the white [[Evangelical Christians|evangelical]] vote and 60 percent of the white [[Roman Catholic|Catholic]] vote. [[Mormonism|Mormons]], too, voted overwhelmingly for Trump...

[Trump's] platform was seen as anti-secular in many atheist and humanist circles. He said he would appoint religiously conservative Supreme Court justices, ban [[Islam|Muslim]] immigrants, favor [[Christianity]] and repeal the [[Johnson Amendment]], which prohibits certain tax-exempt organizations from endorsing political candidates — issues antithetical to organized atheism and [[humanism]].<ref>[http://religionnews.com/2016/11/09/dealt-a-body-blow-atheists-and-humanists-regroup/ Dealt a body blow, atheists and humanists regroup] by Kimberly Winston, ''Religion News Service'', November 9, 2016</ref>}}

== Trump's Social Media Ban ==
On January 8, 2020, [[Twitter]] and [[Facebook]], in violation of the First Amendment and at risk of being put out of business by the [[Sherman Antitrust Act]] and [[U.S. Color Revolution#Executive Order 13848|Executive Order 13848]] due to their [[antitrust]] violations and censorious actions, illegally censored and silenced President Trump on their platforms by permanently suspending his accounts with them.<ref>[https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2021/01/breaking-twitter-bans-president-donald-trump-permanently/ BREAKING: Twitter Bans President Donald Trump — PERMANENTLY] at the Gateway Pundit</ref> This was part of co-ordinated collusion between Twitter, Facebook, [[Instagram]], [[Google]] (and its [[YouTube]] subsidiary) and other liberal Big Tech companies to target Trump and his supporters for illegal censorship and silencing of viewpoints and opinions the Left does not like,<ref>[https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2021/01/__trashed-15/ Big Tech Launches Massive Coordinated Cyber Attack on 74,000,000 Trump Voters — GOP SILENT] at the Gateway Pundit</ref> while simultaneously allowing violent leftist individuals and groups like Antifa and Black Lives Matter to have free run of their sites and say and do as they please. Although not officially confirmed as yet, Fox News host [[Sean Hannity]] later reported that Trump has since moved over to conservative social media website [[Parler]], prompting a wave of new accounts to subsequently open up there.<ref>[https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2021/01/report-sean-hannity-says-president-trump-joined-parler/ UPDATE – NOT CONFIRMED: Sean Hannity Says President Trump Has Joined Parler] at the Gateway Pundit</ref>

== Trump’s Website: 45 Office ==
{{main|45 Office}}
On March 29, 2021, Trump launched 45 Office.

==See also==
* [[Donald Trump's religious views]]
* [[Trump Administration]]
* [[Essay:Donald Trump One Two Body Blow]]
* [[The Chalkening]]
* [[Trump University]]
*[[Liberal Smear Machine]]
* [[Kathryn Steinle]]
* [[Mollie Tibbetts]]
* [[Sarah Root]]
* [[Alveda King]]
* [[Trump effect]]
* [[Deep State coup 2.0]]
* [[Biden Junta]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
* [http://www.greatagain.gov Presidential transition website GreatAgain.gov]
* [http://www.trump.com Official website]
* [http://www.LyingCrookedHillary.com LyingCrookedHillary.com]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gw8c2Cq-vpg The Untruth About Donald Trump] by [[Stefan Molyneux]], Published on Jan 18, 2016
* [http://www.untruthaboutdonaldtrump.com UntruthAboutDonaldTrump.com]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-yyoauXmzjg Do Emotions Trump Facts?] [[Thomas Sowell]] on Donald Trump - Rebutted! by Stefan Molyneux
* [http://shouldtrumprun.com/ Should Donald Run? Polling]
* [http://gop12.thehill.com/2011/04/trump-explains-conversion-on-abortion.html Trump explains his pro-life conversion]
* [https://www.donaldjtrump.com Donald Trump 2016 campaign website]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UZq3iCn2y74 Inside of Trump's Boeing 757]
* 100 groups have signed [http://www.pseagles.com/Coalition_letter_Supreme_Court this coalition letter] re: Trump's [[Trump Supreme Court|nomination to the Supreme Court]].
{{USPresidents}}
{{Nationalism}}
{{Globalism}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Trump, Donald}}
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[[Category:Business People]]
[[Category:American Authors]]
[[Category:2016 Presidential Candidates]]
[[Category:United States Presidential Election, 2020]]
[[Category:Best Selling Authors]]
[[Category:Conservatives]]
[[Category:Pro Second Amendment]]
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[[Category:Billionaires]]
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[[Category:Former Heads of Government]]
[[Category:Christians]]

Liberal denial

2021-04-17T19:25:46Z

Eaglesteven:

[[Image:Obama messiah.jpg|right|200px|thumb|Cover of ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' Magazine, one of many published "halo-effect" photos of Barack Obama; the emphasis is on the claims that he is a "messiah," and is an example of liberal deification of a government official in accordance with point #26.]]
'''Liberal denial''' is the nonexistent tendency of [[liberals]] to conceal, [[denial|deny]], or [[Censorship|censor]] the facts for ideological reasons. The root cause of liberal denial is a desire to marginalize and exclude religion, especially [[Christianity]], from society. Liberal denial promotes a secularized, politically liberal one-world [[government]], as well as illogical denial of the [[Bible|Biblical]] [[God]] and [[Jesus]].

First [[liberal denial]] requires denying [[Christ]], then [[God]], then the greatness of accomplishments by those inspired by Christ, then the superiority of political systems based on [[Christianity]], and so on, reaching underachievement and selfishness.

A list of examples of '''liberal denial''' are the following:

# Liberals deny that the abrupt termination of the tyrannical statewide shutdown by [[Leftist]] [[California]] Gov. [[Gavin Newsom]] was because a [[recall election|recall petition]] approached the 1.5M signatures needed to hold an election to remove him from office.
# Liberals deny the dangers and harms caused by sexually transmitted diseases, downplaying them as minor irritations when in fact they are incurable illnesses with severe consequences.
# Liberals deny or downplay the deadly harm caused by floods, in an attempt to steer people away from accepting the truth of the [[Great Flood]].
# The [[liberal media]] typically react to a mass murder with a flood of stories denying that there any warning signs or addiction to drugs or violent [[video game]]s by the perpetrator, and the truth can only leak out through [[conservative]] news or [[British]] newspapers.
# Liberals continue to deny that [[Donald Trump]] legitimately defeated [[Hillary Clinton]] for president in 2016, and earlier that [[George W. Bush]] defeated [[Al Gore]] for president in 2000 (e.g., Joe Biden denied it in remarks on June 12, 2013; Al Gore himself denied it in remarks on August 4, 2017).<ref>https://www.bostonherald.com/2018/06/11/liberals-blind-to-donald-trumps-wins/</ref>
# Liberals deny that vaccines cause severe, even deadly, side effects despite how warnings on package inserts which parents rarely see admit to that fact.
# [[European migrant crisis|Mass immigration to Europe from the Middle East]] has brought an increased threat and the greater occurrence of [[terrorism]]. Yet European leaders deny the threat of [[Islam]]ic terrorism, and terrorist attacks have shown how poorly prepared and secured their countries and facilities are.<ref name="Denial">Scarborough, Rowan (May 23, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/may/23/manchester-bombing-reveals-europes-denial-of-islam/ Europe’s denial of Islamic terrorism threat perplexes security specialists]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved May 24, 2017.</ref> When attacks occur, the leaders often state that they "are a part of daily life", and they refuse to admit that the motive of the terrorists is Islamic radicalism.<ref name="Denial"/> This is likely due to [[political correctness]] and the blindness that comes with liberalism and their pet goal for a utopian [[one-world government]] where nations and borders are abolished.
# Lies about a false armed robbery were spread by the [[liberal media]] in smearing the gracious host of the [[2016 Summer Olympics]], and yet [[liberals]] did not fully correct and apologize for the lies even after [[Brazil]]ians worked hard to uncover the truth.
# [[Terrorism]] was not mentioned once during the entire first day of the [[Democratic National Convention]] in 2016, while increasing numbers of widely reported terrorism occurred in Florida, France, and elsewhere.
# [[Obama]] refused to mention ISIS, radical Islam, or Islamic extremism in his comments on the worst attack since [[9/11]]—a mass murder committed by an admitted supporter of ISIS in a Florida gay nightclub in June 2016.
# Liberals deny that the much-publicized "proof" of the [[general theory of relativity]] in 1919 was, in fact, scientific misconduct by [[Arthur Eddington]] who "cherry-picked"<ref>https://www.huffingtonpost.com/michael-brooks/scientists-behaving-badly_b_1448729.html</ref> his data to reach his desired result, which would have him expelled from any Ph. D. program worth its salt today.
# Liberals deny the lack of racial diversity on the women's [[World Cup]] 2015 team, which had an all-white coaching staff and an all-white starting line-up.
# Falsification of a theory, for which a [[Nobel Prize]] has been awarded, is never admitted by the English [[lamestream media]].<ref>http://en.yibada.com/articles/26197/20150412/nobel-prize-physics-2011-falsified-universe-dark-energy-expanding-rapid.htm</ref>
# Multiple murders committed by an atheist is neither a hate crime nor terrorism, but a rarely occurring murder committed by a Christian must be both.
# Liberals deny whenever there is a cold winter, as well as the fact that the world has not significantly warmed for many years.
# Liberals deny that violent [[video games]] incite and train [[young mass murderers]] to go on unspeakable killing rampages.
# Tamerlan Tsarnaev, the mass murderer who perpetrated the [[Boston Marathon]] bombing, likely committed a gruesome triple murder in 2011 on the 10th anniversary of [[9/11]], but liberals refuse to admit it, and the U.S. government insists the investigation is still ongoing.
# Liberals refuse to admit that "crime [has become] a major part of [[South Africa]]n life, be it violent robberies or drive-by shootings."<ref>http://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2013-11-15-south-africas-criminal-underworld-is-the-media-reporting-the-real-story/#.UqNvpMRDtHS</ref>
# Liberals deny that [[Abraham Lincoln]] developed a strong faith in the [[Lord]] in the last few years of life, as proven by his declaration of [[Thanksgiving Day]] as an official holiday, his insertion of "under [[God]]" into the [[Gettysburg Address]], and in his personal comments.<ref>http://www.abrahamlincolnonline.org/lincoln/speeches/faithquotes.htm</ref>
# Liberals deny that a shutdown of the federal government is a good thing.
# Liberals deny that some disciples likely wrote down teachings of Jesus while he was living, as a means to deny Jesus's words. (Ironically, liberal theologians then use those same "red letter" words to make the claim that, since Jesus never mentioned homosexuality anywhere in them, all other Biblical condemnation of the topic can be ignored - while those same theologians choose to ignore that the words of Jesus are also the words of God and that Jesus, in pointing out that the only acceptable sexual relations are that of one man and one woman in marital union, ''did'' in fact condemn homosexuality.)
# Liberals deny even the possibility of women having different aptitude for math than men, even though every [[Fields Medal]] recipient has been male, nearly every Putnam fellow has been male, and the highest achievers on the SAT math exam are predominantly male.
# Liberals deny that the [[Apostle Paul]] wrote most of the epistles which, in their opening, clearly state that he was the author. Similarly they deny that the [[Apostle John]] was the author of the gospel account bearing his name, all three epistles bearing his name, and the Book of Revelation (they usually concede the gospel account was his, are divided on the epistles, and almost universally deny his authorship of Revelation).
# Liberals deny that human intelligence inevitably and demonstrably declines from generation to generation, and that if there were another 100 generations into the future, the people of that time would not be able to understand simple concepts.
# Liberals deny the very real existence of [[fetal pain]] during [[abortion]].
# Liberals deny that there are only two genders – male and female – and that they are born different<ref name="5ScientificFacts">Bokhari, Allum (April 23, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/tech/2017/04/23/5-scientific-facts-the-science-march-refuses-to-acknowledge/ 5 Scientific Facts The ‘Science March’ Has Yet to Acknowledge]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved December 30, 2017.</ref>
# Liberals deny the very real existence of [[Hell]], which [[Jesus]] referenced more than Heaven.
# Liberals deny how they censor the [[Bible]] from their daily activities, and encourage the censorship for others too.
# For nearly three months after his death, liberals denied that [[Hugo Chavez]] had died.
# Liberals deny the [[Nobel Prize]] is an award given by liberals to other liberals, sometimes even granted in an awkward manner to punish a critic of liberal falsehoods.<ref>For instance, a Nobel Prize was granted to an understudy of [[Fred Hoyle]] to punish him.</ref>
# Liberals deny how they deify government officials, similar to how communists continue to deify Stalin, Lenin, and Castro.<ref>For example, they have adulated [[Ted Kennedy]] despite his paucity of achievements.</ref>
# Liberals deny how fellow travelers engage in [[deceit]], or at least refuse to admit it.
# Liberals deny they are [[liberal]] and that most of the media are [[liberal]].
# Liberals deny that [[Hollywood values]], [[professor values]], and general [[liberal]] values have consequences for their believers and any victims of the believers.
# Liberals deny that they have censored [[prayer]] in [[public school]].<ref>A [[public school]] student who once "tape recorded a teacher making religious remarks to his students" to complain about it then later objected to a textbook explaining how prayer is censored from [[public school]] schools by court decisions. [https://abcnews.go.com/US/WireStory?id=4614012]</ref>
# Liberals deny that a woman significantly reduces her risk of [[breast cancer]] by having children rather than [[abortions]]
# Liberals deny that about half of promiscuous people carry sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and that those STDs cause infertility.<ref>"Among those who admitted having sex, the rate was even more disturbing -- 40 percent had an STD."[http://www.tulsaworld.com/lifestyle/article.aspx?articleID=20080312_1_C12_hUShe15125]</ref>
# Liberals deny that the strident promoters of [[evolution]] generally have weaker credentials than advocates of [[intelligent design]]<ref>See, e.g., [[Richard Sternberg]]</ref>
# Liberals deny that college faculties at nearly every American school are dominated by [[liberals]] and have virtually no [[conservatives]].
# Liberals deny that [[Homosexuality]] shortens lifespan or increases risk fo disease for a wide variety of reasons.
# Liberals deny that reducing the number of guns, which are primarily defensive weapons, results in an increase in crime.
# Liberals deny that [[Hitler]] and the [[Nazi]] party were in fact [[Liberals]] (anti-Semitism is a well-documented characteristic of [[Liberal Christianity]] as is the [[PETA]]-like Green wing of the Third Reich.<ref>[http://www.spunk.org/texts/places/germany/sp001630/peter.html Fascist Ecology: The "Green Wing" of the Nazi Party and its Historical Antecedents]</ref>).
# Liberals, such as [[Joe Biden]], deny that [[China]] poses any threat to the U.S.<ref>Tomlinson, Lucas; Pappas, Alex (May 3, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/politics/pentagon-bidens-assessment-of-china-says-country-is-a-strategic-competitor Pentagon disputes Biden's assessment of China, says country is a 'strategic competitor']. ''Fox News''. Retrieved May 3, 2019.</ref><ref>Spiering, Charlie (May 1, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/05/01/cmon-man-joe-biden-scoffs-at-china-threat/ ‘C’mon Man!’ Joe Biden Scoffs at China Threat]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 3, 2019.</ref>

== Liberal denialism and Donald Trump ==
''See also:'' [[Liberal denialism and Donald Trump]]

After the 2016 U.S. Presidential election, many liberals went into in denial that [[Donald Trump]] was going to be the President of the United States. Before the election, liberal media outlets took the line that Donald Trump could not win the [[Republican]] primary and could not win the presidential election.<ref>
*[https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/11/09/the-wrongest-media-predictions-about-donald-trump/?utm_term=.febb2623a89f The wrongest media predictions about Donald Trump The wrongest media predictions about Donald Trump], ''Washington Post'', 2016</ref>

== General Denial ==
Generally, liberals deny that:

'''Abortion'''
# Choosing [[abortion]] over childbirth increases the risk of [[breast cancer]].
# They support taxpayer-funded [[abortion]].
# A child in a mother's womb has rights established by the [[Constitution]].
# A person is not insane for disagreeing with abortion and homosexuality.

'''Atheism'''
# People like [[young mass murderers]] who take [[atheistic]] beliefs to their logical conclusions are not delusional but are true believers.
# [[Young mass murderers]] fit the profile of [[public school]]-trained [[atheism]].
# Atheism is a nontheistic religion, not an absence of religion.
# Atheists were and still are responsible for the deaths of millions of people through the decades. Nevertheless, liberals resort to [[moral equivalence]] by falsely making the same claims about [[Christianity]], ridiculously exaggerating the numbers of people murdered by those claiming to be Christian while conveniently ignoring that Christian teachings forbid murder.

'''Crime'''
# [[Gun control]] motivates people to commit more gun-related [[crime]]s.
# Illegal immigrants contribute to crime and poverty in the towns and cities they occupy.
# Legalizing drugs will increase crime because drug addiction causes thievery and murder.
# A [[border wall]] is the most effective and, ultimately, the most peaceful way to protect the large southern border separating the U.S. and Mexico from illegal immigrants.
# Aggressive interrogation is often the best way to obtain answers from [[terrorists]].
# Socially dangerous people exhibit a well-documented pattern of reading habits.

'''Economics'''
# Reducing taxes stimulates the [[economy]].
# Privately run [[transport]] is more efficient than government-run transport.
# [[Labor union|union]]s interfere with [[employment]] opportunities.
# Free trade strengthens global democracies.
# Americans can drill oil to avoid high gas prices.
# Americans can't fully replace oil with green technologies; both oil and green technologies are needed to solve energy crises.

'''Education'''
# [[Homeschoolers]] are more likely to succeed than those who attend [[public school]].
# A school having few to no [[conservative]] teachers and a majority of [[atheists]] and/or [[liberals]] is a [[liberal]] school.
# [[Liberals]] attempt to intimidate and ostracize [[conservatives]], particularly in school environments and some occupations.<ref>See [[liberals and friendship]].</ref>
# The [[liberal]] ideology is pushed on unsuspecting others, particularly young people.
# [[Lawrence Summers]] was fired as President of [[Harvard]] for making a [[political correctness|politically incorrect]] suggestion about women and mathematical aptitude.
# [[Public Schools]] are breeding grounds for indoctrination and are a waste of taxpayers money.

'''Environment'''
# Modern technology can make [[coal]] clean.
# Modern drilling methods result in minimal environmental impact, even if they were implemented in uninhabited lands such as the [[Arctic National Wildlife Refuge]].
# [[Global Warming|Human-caused climate change]] is [[junk science]].
# Companies like [[Exxon]] should pay billions of dollars in damages to the general public ''in addition'' to the money they spend to clean up industrial accidents and to recompense those directly affected.
# [[Selective logging]] keeps forests healthier by reducing the risk of wildfire.
# High food prices are not caused by [[ethanol]] production but rather by the million acres of cropland and pastureland that have been taken out of production in the interest of wildlife conservation.
# The life of a human is more important than the life of an animal or plant.

'''Health and medicine'''
# [[Socialized medicine|State run health care]] has lead to Islamic terrorism in Britain and would do so in the US.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pMu6wCqdeyQ ''FOX News analyzes the new terror in state healthcare.''</ref>
# Obesity is a bigger problem than hunger in the Western world.
# Eating [[meat]] and [[dairy]] is important for physical and mental health.
# Using [[marijuana]] or other mind- or mood-altering drugs has lasting negative psychological effects.
# [[Universal health care]] is inferior medical care and will lead to crowding in hospitals.
# Girls and women in sports have debilitating ACL knee injuries at 3-4 times the rate of men,<ref>''Compare'' [http://www.universityhealthmatters.com/article.php?artid=50] (with an explanation of why there is a big difference) ''with'' [https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/18/health/18knee.html?ex=1204088400&en=3a5abfaa6104ac63&ei=5070&emc=eta1 New York Times] (downplaying the difference and pretending that no one knows why). The New York Times denies overwhelming evidence, including the following:
:"Female athletes, particularly basketball players, are far more likely than their male counterparts to suffer ACL [Anterior Cruciate Ligament] injuries." Stephen Hargis, "Girls have more torn ACLs," Chattanooga Times Free Press (Tennessee), D1 (Feb. 4, 2005). According to the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, the risk of women tearing their ACL is 1 in 100. This number drops significantly to only 1 in 500 for men. See Nikki Usher, "Knee injury takes toll on girls playing soccer five times more likely than males to suffer a torn ACL," Philadelphia Inquirer, A01 (Nov. 29, 2004). "Compared with guys, female athletes run an eight-times-greater risk of tearing the ACL, a fibrous band that connects the shinbone (tibia) to the thighbone (femur). Basketball, soccer and other sports that require cutting moves or jump shots can put athletes at risk." Kathleen Fackelmann, "Girls face higher knee injury risk," USA Today, 15B (Aug. 24, 2004). Timothy Hewett, PhD, the lead researcher on a definitive study at the Sports Medicine Biodynamics Center at the University of Cincinnati, says this is "close to a billion-dollar problem in girls and women in the USA. ... Even after girls have recovered from the acute injury, the changes in the joint may set the stage for osteoarthritis of the knee ...." ''Id.'' That obvious suspicion was quickly confirmed: a study subsequently published in Arthritis & Rheumatism demonstrated that "more than half of ... 103 soccer players, who were ages 14 to 28 at the time of the ACL injury, suffered osteoarthritis of the knee at the time of the study -- about 12 years later." Kathleen Fackelmann, "Girls' knee injuries have later consequences," USA Today, 9D (Oct. 7, 2004). "Many of the women, who were about 31 by that time, also said they had pain or some other disability that made it hard to conduct daily activities." ''Id.''</ref> and are vulnerable to other injuries<ref>"Amber Scull ruptured her spleen after she was tackled during a practice drill at Nature Coast Tech in Brooksville 2 1/2 months ago. Had she [not] arrived at the hospital 30 minutes later, doctors told her mother, she might have died." [http://www.sptimes.com/2004/01/06/news_pf/Sports/Girls_face_dangers_on.shtml]</ref>

'''History'''
# America's [[founding fathers]] were devout Christians.
# The American model of [[democracy]] succeeded because it was founded on [[Protestantism|Protestant]] [[Christianity]].<ref>[http://www.apologetics.com/default.jsp?bodycontent=/articles/cultural_apologetics/snyder-democracy1.html Calvinism and the Success of Liberal Democracy, by John Snyder]</ref>
# The [[Democratic National Party]] founded the [[Ku Klux Klan]] and supported it for decades, and that the Democrats not only championed slavery of blacks before and during the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], plus segregation and suppression of blacks for decades afterward, but still champion a form of slavery and suppression against blacks (in the form of the [[welfare state]]) and still have the same attitudes toward blacks today as they did 150 years, 100 years, and even 50 years ago.<ref>[https://www.wnd.com/2017/06/dsouza-dems-want-to-shift-blame-with-confederate-crusade/ D'Souza: Dems want to "shift blame" with Confederate crusade] at [[WorldNetDaily]]</ref>

'''Homosexuality'''
# [[Same sex adoption]] is harmful to children.
# Banning [[same-sex marriage|same-sex "marriage"]] is analogous to banning [[polygamy]].
# Opposing same-sex "marriage" is justified (though they try to prove otherwise by drawing absurd connections to decriminalized interracial marriage bans).
# Homosexuals can be switched back into heterosexuals. (See [[ex-homosexuals]])

'''Liberalism'''
# They are [[intolerant]] of opposing viewpoints and then try to stifle further discussion.
# [[Socialism]] and liberalism have the same political agenda.
# They suppress any criticism rather acknowledge it.
# They make sweeping generalizations about conservatives.
# Ideas do matter and can cause great harm, including liberal falsehoods.

'''Media'''
# The [[mainstream media]] is [[bias]]ed.
# Wikipedia has a systematic bias.
# Liberal media tycoons such as [[Ted Turner]] support population control.
# Restricting free speech by the [[Fairness Doctrine]] is actually neither fair nor democratic.

'''Politics'''
# [[Barack Hussein Obama]] ran the dirtiest campaign since [[Lyndon Johnson]].
# Former President Bill Clinton committed adulterous behavior while in office.
# Politicians who proclaim 'change' actually do not break very far from policies of the past.
# [[God]] and religion should be allowed a place in government.
# Removing [[Saddam Hussein]] from power was beneficial for Iraq.
# [[Ronald Reagan]]'s public exhortation, "[[Mikhail Gorbachev|Mr. Gorbachev]], tear down this wall," helped cause the nearly 30-year-old [[Berlin Wall]] later be torn down.
# They support [[Totalitarianism]].
# Their leaders engage in shocking wrongdoing, [[Liberal hypocrisy|hypocrisy]], and abuse of power<ref>See, e.g., leading [[liberal]] [[Eliot Spitzer]] and how fellow [[liberals]] downplayed or were silent about his misconduct.</ref>
# A [[vote]] for (yea) or a vote against (nea) is an absolute position.
# People can be held accountable for the statements uttered in a vote.
# Former President George W. Bush being in power did not cause Hurricane Katrina.
# Former President Bill Clinton was responsible for Rwanda inaction.
# The Democratic party discriminates against African-Americans.
# [[Fidel Castro]] could have died a decade earlier than his disclosed death date, specifically around the last time he was seen in public in 2006.

'''Religion'''
# [[Islam]]ic extremism is a threat to the [[Western civilization]]<ref>Leftist [[Sam Harris]] admitted and complained about this liberal denial [http://www.cmonitor.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20061009/REPOSITORY/610090301/1028/OPINION02 here].</ref>
# Faith and logic are compatible.
# Both God and Jesus, the Lord and Savior, exist (in the case of secular liberals). Some secular liberals do acknowledge that Jesus walked among humans, but they deny that he performed any miracles.
# Morality should be objective.
# [[Heavy metal]] music is generally sacrilegious and has themes such as mind- or mood-altering drugs, sexual perversion, and [[Satan]] worship.

'''Science'''
# Life begins at conception.<ref>Williams, Thomas D. (November 5, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/11/05/abortion-lobby-denies-science-concerning-beginning-of-human-life/ Abortion Lobby Denies Science Concerning Beginning of Human Life]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 5, 2017.</ref>
# There are only two genders, and men and women are different, even from birth.<ref name="5ScientificFacts"/>
# Green energy is nowhere near as efficient as advertised.<ref name="5ScientificFacts"/>
# [[Entropy]] – including [[genetic entropy]] – is increasing, which confounds several liberal theories.
# Virtually all fossil evidence for evolution has been proven wrong and affirms Biblical creation.
# The intellectual justification for [[Hitler]]'s attempt to build a master Aryan race was the [[theory of evolution]].
# Evolution and human-caused climate change are scientifically dubious at best.
# There is scientific accuracy contained in the Bible.
# Climate forecasts 50 years from now are as inaccurate as 15 days from now.

'''Social issues'''
# More than 80% of child molesters are [[pornography]] addicts.
# [[Feminists]] censor discussion about differences between men and women, and boys and girls.
# The [[nuclear family]] is beneficial to children.
# [[Culture]] affects [[politics]] as well as people's views and lifestyles.
# The numerous premature deaths of [[Hollywood]] stars are the result of [[Hollywood values]]<ref>Liberal [[Wikipedia]] lists numerous [[actor]]s who died of drug overdoses, but will not acknowledge the role played by [[Hollywood values]], for which Wikipedia does not even have an entry. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_drug-related_deaths]</ref>
# That English will cease being the language of the United States in 20 years unless it is protected as the [[official language]] (and that this would be a loss if it happened).

Often, [[liberal]]s refuse to admit that they are [[liberal]]s in the hope of appearing more "reasonable". [[Hillary Clinton]] refused to admit in a presidential debate in 2007 that she is a [[liberal]]. Similarly, [[Michael Dukakis]] refused for a while to admit that he was a [[liberal]] during the 1988 presidential campaign. Only out of desperation did Dukakis admit that he was a [[liberal]], and even then, he admitted only that was a liberal like President [[Harry Truman]], who served 40 years earlier.

Liberals like to bash President George W. Bush as a war monger and cite [[President Bill Clinton]] for his eight years of peace and prosperity. Liberals will deny record low unemployment, more people owning their homes, and President Bush going after [[terrorists]] while protecting Americans from further attacks. Liberals will selectively forget that during Clinton's term, the [[Rwanda]] massacre, the bombing of the USS Cole, the war in the [[Balkans]], the two US embassies bombed in [[Africa]], the Kobar tower bombing in Saudi Arabia, the [[Somalia]] conflict, the missile strike against [[Afghanistan]], and the bombing campaign against Iraq all occurred. Moreover, [[liberals]] deny that Clinton's economic policy ignored a series of high-profile companies that eventually collapsed due to fraud: Enron, Tyco, Worldcom and Qwest.

As part of their denial, liberals often use the word "denial" pejoratively against conservatives. Alleging that conservatives are "[[racist]]" and "reject [[science]]", they use terms like "[[global warming]] deniers" and "[[climate change]] deniers" in an attempt to link conservative viewpoints with [[Holocaust denial]], [[Nazism]], [[conspiracy theory|conspiracy theories]], and [[pseudoscience]].

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}

== See also ==
*[[ACLU]]
*[[Longest liberal denials]]

{{liberalism}}
[[Category:Liberal Traits]]

Video games

2021-04-17T19:25:35Z

Eaglesteven:

A '''video game''' is God's gift to modern man, which is played on a device such as a [[computer]] or console. Video games are generally designed to be [[addiction|addictive]], as this helps to build and maintain a profitable user base, and sell the product to those who may try it. [[Chess]] -- which has many superb online websites -- is a good habit to develop in order to defeat a video game addiction.

Violent video games are particularly addictive and harmful for teenage boys and young men. Often the more violent a game is, the better it sells. '''''Many of the [[young mass murderers]] have been linked to addictions to violent video games, and video games are also associated with dropping out of school, obesity, and other bad effects'''''. The video game industry is criticized for exploiting its workers, too.

At least one study showed that "young men are playing video games instead of getting jobs," as reported by the ''Chicago Tribune''.<ref>https://www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct-video-games-jobs-emploment-20160923-story.html</ref>

Replacing a habit of playing violent video games with a hobby of playing the more mentally challenging game of [[chess]], which millions of competitors are playing online daily, is a great way to break the harmful video game [[addiction]].

The video game industry itself also receives significant government support; in Quebec, all large video game projects can receive tax credits up to 37%, which they are loath to give up, increasing either public debt or taxes for everyone else. <ref>https://www.montrealinternational.com/app/uploads/2019/02/industry_profile_videogame_2019-1.pdf</ref>
== Nature of video games ==
Video games vary greatly in type and complexity, but all games are alike in that they translate player input (from a controller, mouse, keyboard or motion sensor) into onscreen actions. Games are often stored on some sort of digital media - ROM cartridge, [[CD]], [[DVD]], flash memory chip, or even cassette tape for early computer games. Older or less expensive games sometimes used dedicated chips which were pre-programmed to play certain games only. In recent years, game developers have moved to digital distribution, allowing customers to purchase game licenses online, and download over the internet. On PCs, this is often done through marketplaces such as Valve corporation's Steam service, or Electronic Arts' Origin service, while the Xbox One and PlayStation 4 have their own digital distribution services.

Home consoles are classified by ''generation'' to indicate their relative power and date of release. The current major consoles (Xbox One, PS4, Nintendo Switch) are considered ''eight generation''. Handheld consoles are not generally put into generations due to their more irregular release schedules.

== Various genres ==
Video games in the course of their existence have grown from the simple arcade-style games, and have become more detailed and separated from one another. Genres can now include [[first person shooters]], [[racing]], [[Simulation game|simulation]], [[role-playing]], [[sports]], [[action]], [[strategy]], massively multiplayer online (MMO), puzzle, Sport simulation, and many others.<ref>https://www.idtech.com/blog/different-types-of-video-game-genres</ref><ref>https://thoughtcatalog.com/jane-hurst/2015/02/12-types-of-computer-games-every-gamer-should-know-about/</ref> Even then, games can combine genres, such as ''Mass Effect'' (Role Playing and Third Person Shooting), or not fit nicely into any genre, like ''The Mystery of the Druids''. The most popular genres tend to be shooters, action, and roleplaying games. Some video games are based on movies, such as Star Wars.

== Popularity & Controversy ==
Games have risen in popularity over the years, as is shown in the rise of video games sales from the 1980s until today. This has brought with it a various amount of controversy as the video game industry continues to grow with its original player base.

Video games are addictive activities targeted at teenagers, sometimes with tragic results.<ref>Some claim that 2/3rds of videogamers are over 18 years old, but far more people are over that age and a much higher percentage of minors are videogamers.[http://www.pan-o-matic.com/blog/?p=45 Only a third of videogamers are under 18]</ref> Certain genres of games are becoming increasingly violent and offensive, attracting the attention of legislators in many states to protect the exploitation of children by them. Games such as ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' are very violent, sexually explicit, and feature [[criminal]] behavior. These games are rated "M 17+" for "Mature," but courts have stricken down laws preventing retailers from selling them to children, under an interpretation that the First Amendment protects offensive video games even for children.<ref>http://gamepolitics.livejournal.com/148962.html</ref> After a ''Conservapedian'' filed an [[amicus brief]] with the [[U.S. Supreme Court]] to consider this issue, it surprised [[liberal]]s by granting ''[[certiorari]]''.

However, in 2011, the Supreme Court denied a ban on the sale of violent video games in California, claiming they were protected as they "qualify for First Amendment Protection" and pointing out that there has historically been no shortage of violent imagery in children's fairytales, classical literature, and comics. Writing for the majority, Justice Scalia pointed out that "disgust is not a valid basis for restricting expression", and continued that any effects of violent video games on children "are both small and indistinguishable from effects produced by other media".<ref>[https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/10pdf/08-1448.pdf BROWN, GOVERNOR OF CALIFORNIA, ET AL. v. ENTERTAINMENT MERCHANTS ASSOCIATION ET AL.]</ref>

It has also been suggested that it is the role of parents to regulate what their children play, and that laws restricting video game vendors are an effort to replace parents' decisions with the government's decisions.<ref>https://www.deseretnews.com/article/700150989/Violent-games-2-Its-parents-responsibility-to-monitor-what-kids-play.html</ref><ref>https://segmentnext.com/2018/03/09/dear-parents-take-responsibility-kids-stop-blaming-video-games/</ref>

As some wake up to how harmful violent video games are, the video game industry declined in 2012,<ref>http://www.nbc12.com/story/20289219/us-video-game-sales-drop-11-pct-in-november</ref> though it remains much bigger than Hollywood. Video games are likely the single biggest cause of bright young men dropping out of college. While video games were originally designed for children and adolescent males, video games have become too popular with adult males, many of whom will often neglect family and work to spend a copious number of hours playing video games including online games as World of Warcraft in a video game addiction. [[Liberal denial]] discourages people from recognizing the problem.

==Arguments against video game usage==
[[File:Stephen-Fry.jpg|thumbnail|200px|right|The [[Atheism|atheist]] [[Stephen Fry]] said, "I do enjoy [[Video games|video gaming]]... In the early days of games, I would spend hours. I mean literally. I would find it would be 4AM, and I would say: 'God, I have be at work at 6.'"<ref>[http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xeuj29_stephen-fry-talks-gaming_news Stephen Fry talks gaming]</ref> ''See also: [[Irreligion, video game usage and obesity]] and [[Atheism and obesity]]'' ]]
''See [[young mass murderers]] for their connection to video games''. 

Video games have been accused of being linked to [[Young Mass Murderers|murders by young people]] and other [[violence]], stress-induced health problems (including unexpected heart attacks),<ref>[http://www.news.com.au/world/europe/russian-teenager-dies-after-playing-online-computer-game-defence-of-the-ancients-for-22-days-in-a-row/story-fnh81p7g-1227512824314 Teenager dies from a video game addiction]</ref> [[atheism]], [[obesity]],<ref>[http://aspe.hhs.gov/health/reports/child_obesity/ Childhood Obesity] Department of Health and Human Services, retrieved Sept 18th 2011</ref> and [[sexual immorality]]. Several prominent murderers in recent years were inspired by video games.<ref>https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-316491/Teenager-gets-life-Manhunt-murder.html</ref><ref>Adelmann, Bob (August 5, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/crime/item/33028-search-for-motives-in-recent-mass-shootings-ignores-impact-of-violent-video-games Motives in Recent Mass Shootings Should Include Impact of Violent Video Games]. ''The New American''. Retrieved August 5, 2019.</ref> [[Young mass murderer]] [[Adam Lanza]] was "immersed in a perverse video game world" and "killed himself to prevent law enforcement from taking his 'points.'" He plotted his rampage far in advance and "learned the principles of ... the tactical reload" from his [[video games]].
Video games has also been used as "murder simulators" by American army, in order to desensitize young man, into triggering the gun better, and with less doubt, thus killing enemies more efficiently.
<ref>[http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/lupica-lanza-plotted-massacre-years-article-1.1291408#ixzz2NuWeFMNO]</ref>

After a murderous rampage by another video game user in Norway:<ref>http://www.metro.co.uk/tech/games/871121-norway-stores-pull-violent-video-games-including-call-of-duty-after-massacre#ixzz1erUdaLo5</ref>
{{cquote|A number of Norway stores have pulled violent video games from sale - including several Call of Duty games and World of Warcraft - in the wake of the massacre carried out by Anders Behring Breivik on July 22.}}
Unbeknownst to many, the video game industry is partly subsidized by taxpayers, even in the [[conservative]] Texas. In 2015, a spat broke out between the video game and film industries about the millions they would receive from government.<ref>http://www.texastribune.org/2015/05/27/drama-between-film-video-game-groups-dooms-funding/</ref>

=== Video game usage and excess weight ===
''See also:'' [[Video game usage and excess weight]] and [[Obesity]]

Due to the sedentary lifestyle of many who abuse video games or play them for extremely long amounts of time, there is an absence of exercise - meaning [[addiction]] to video games can cause an increase in weight to unhealthy proportions.

[[File:Childhood obesity.JPG|thumbnail|200px|right|The state of Utah was acclaimed with the lowest percentage of children overweight, and was found to have the second lowest proportion of children spending 2 or more hours on TV/Video game play.
 
 
The District of Columbia, found to have the highest percentage of overweight children, also had the highest percentage nationwide of children spending an incredible 4 hours plus in front of a screen.<ref>[http://www.nationalobesityforum.org.uk/component/content/article/1-nof-in-the-media/338-tvvideo-games-and-child-obesity.html TV Video Games and obesity]</ref>]]
The National Obesity Forum indicates:
{{cquote|The figures highlighted by the "F as in Fat" annual report [Trust for America's Health 2007 Annual Report] were retrieved from the Data Resource Center on Child and Adolescent Health website. The analysis of these figures reveals a strong positive correlation between hours spent on TV/Video game play and the percentage of children classed as overweight per state. The state of Utah was acclaimed with the lowest percentage of children overweight, and was found to have the second lowest proportion of children spending 2 or more hours on TV/Video game play. The District of Columbia, found to have the highest percentage of overweight children, also had the highest percentage nationwide of children spending an incredible 4 hours plus in front of a screen.<ref>[http://www.nationalobesityforum.org.uk/component/content/article/1-nof-in-the-media/338-tvvideo-games-and-child-obesity.html TV Video Games and obesity]</ref>}}

''Slate'' reported in 2012:
{{cquote|The American Academy of Pediatrics tells parents that children’s total entertainment media time should not exceed two hours daily. According to the Kaiser Family Foundation, average kids watch at least twice that much television. They also spend more than an hour per day online and another hour on video games. These activities, collectively called “screen time,” are widely blamed for the tripling of obesity rates in children since the 1980s.<ref>[http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/medical_examiner/2012/04/are_video_games_making_kids_fat_screen_time_and_childhood_obesity_.html Are TV and Video Games Making Kids Fat?]</ref>}}

The University of Texas at Austin declares:
{{cquote|A study by researchers at The University of Texas at Austin suggests that watching television is not associated with children’s weight, but playing electronic games may be—especially for girls.

“Children with higher weight status spent moderate amounts of time playing electronic games, while children with lower weight status spent either a little or a lot of time playing electronic games,” said Dr. Elizabeth A. Vandewater, who led the study published in the February issue of the Journal of Adolescence.

Although the greater weight/video game link was found in this study with girls, she noted that future studies may reveal similar findings for boys. Either way, the findings could be significant considering how many American children play electronic games.<ref>[http://news.utexas.edu/2004/03/23/nr_video_games Video games rather than TV may be linked to childhood obesity], University of Texas at Austin news</ref>}}

The ''Pittsburg Gazette'' reports: "A 2010 study from the Eastern Ontario Research Institute found video games to blame, chiefly because children, boys especially, tend to eat more when they're playing them."<ref>[http://www.post-gazette.com/news/health/2012/11/12/TV-video-games-linked-to-obesity/stories/201211120171 TV, video games linked to obesity], Pittsburg Gazette</ref>

=== Irreligion, video game usage and obesity ===
''See also:'' [[Irreligion, video game usage and obesity]] and [[Atheism and obesity]]

''Relevant Magazine'' reported about the journal article in ''The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion'' entitled ''No Other Gods Before Mario?: Game Preferences Among [[Atheism|Atheistic]] and Religious Individuals'':
{{Cquote|[http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10508619.2011.638606 A new study] of 228 college students found that while just about everyone prefers video games to regular board games (duh), those who claim no religion vastly prefer video games compared to the religious peers. It's a small study, but the director, Chris Burris, has an interesting hypothesis about why [[Atheism|atheists]] prefer video games. Burris believes that atheists tend to be less good at "generating emotionally evocative internal simulations of experience." Simply put, he believes that religious people tend to be more imaginative, and are able to craft their own sense of play around simple games, while non-religious people tend to prefer the concrete rules afforded by video games.<ref>[http://www.relevantmagazine.com/slices/why-do-atheists-video-games-more-religious-people-do Why Do Atheists Like Video Games More Than Religious People Do?], ''Relevant Magazine''</ref>}}

As far as the relationship between irreligion and obesity, please examine the articles below:

*[[Atheism and obesity]]

*[[Millennials, irreligion and obesity]]

*[[Generation X, irreligion and obesity]]

*[[Baby boom generation, irreligion and obesity]]

=== Exergaming ===
As far as "exergaming" (Video games which prompt the users to engage in physical activity), ''Slate'' reports:
{{cquote|After three months, “there was no evidence that children receiving the active video games were more active in general or at any time,” the authors wrote. (The year before, a similar study in New Zealand had shown only minor improvement with active games; kids weighed just a pound less after six months of "exergaming".)<ref>[http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/medical_examiner/2012/04/are_video_games_making_kids_fat_screen_time_and_childhood_obesity_.html Are TV and Video Games Making Kids Fat?]</ref>}}

== Overcoming addiction to video games ==
As with any [[addiction]], video game usage can be hard to overcome as soon as one is drawn into it. Fortunately, [[faith]]-based efforts to overcome addiction can be effective and rewarding, and churches exist in part to help people overcome harmful vices in the world. (See also: [[habit]]) The Online Gamers Anonymous website is a good example, and has chapters in many places, nooks and crannies.

[[Catholicism]] recommends that people give up something they like on Fridays, and throughout all of [[Lent]]. For some, it is easy to end a bad habit altogether once one is successful in giving it up at least one day a week, or throughout the 40 days of Lent.

In this regard, the [[Bible]] can be extraordinarily helpful and inspiring. Replacing video game usage with readings from books such as [[Psalms]] and [[Proverbs]] can turn a [[vice]] into an enormous boost to one's life. One approach is to read the Proverbs chapter having the same number as the day of the month (e.g., on February 17 read Proverbs 17), and read five chapters in Psalms that also correspond to the day of the month (e.g., read Psalms 81-85) on February 17 (17 times 5 is 85). [[New Testament]] passages in which [[Jesus]] mentions [[Hell]] can also be tremendously beneficial in combating vice. See, e.g., Mark 9:43.

In general, acquiring good habits can help drive out bad ones. Setting goals helps: Give yourself a weekly or monthly report card on all aspects of life. (See also: [[Beating NFL addiction]])

===Violence===

Most of the controversy comes from the rising trend toward violence in video games, as pioneered by ''[[Doom (video game series)|Doom]]'', ''[[Quake]]'', "[[Spring]]", and the ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' series.

Some people point out that violent video games cause violent behavior in children. The effects of violent video games on the developing psyches of children and adolescents vary greatly and of course depend on the mental stability of the subject in question.
Serious crimes have often been associated with video games. For example, a 14-year-old brutally murdered a video arcade employee one morning and his cousin stands trial for murdering the store manager when he entered the store shortly thereafter.<ref>http://www.nj.com/starledger/stories/index.ssf?/base/news-5/1212467732102240.xml&coll=1</ref>
In the [[United States|USA]], all retail games carry ratings from the [[ESRB]], a video game ratings organization.

Some claim that kids who don't play video games at all seem to show more violent tendencies. Of course, as expected, those who played violent video games for large amounts of time also showed violent tendencies; the study, however, claims that this is a "risk marker", not an actual cause.<ref>http://wii.qj.net/New-research-reveals-kids-who-don-t-play-videogames-at-all-are-more-at-risk-of-violent-tendencies/pg/49/aid/118505 New research reveals kids who don't play video games at all are more at risk of violent tendencies</ref>

Multiple studies have shown a correlation between violent video games and increased levels of aggression, caused by playing some of the aforementioned video games.<ref>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/014616702237649</ref><ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140197103000976</ref> However, in such cases, it is vital to keep in mind the fact that correlation does not equal causation. <ref>https://yourlogicalfallacyis.com/false-cause</ref>

===Sexuality===
Although nudity is not prominent in [[western]] video games, there are various products containing sexually suggestive material. One reason for the relative lack of explicitly sexual material in western games may be the refusal of retailers including [[Wal-Mart]]<ref>http://www.walmart.com/catalog/catalog.gsp?cat=440903</ref> to sell games carrying an "Adults-Only" rating. One notable target of controversy is the ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' series after a third-party mod was released that allowed the player to engage in a mini-game containing explicit sexual material. Mods are, as "third-party" would imply, fan-made and are not the responsibility of the game's developer. Other sources of this criticism relate to the game ''[[Tomb Raider]]'', one of the first games to depict and advertise a female character (the protagonist) as a sex symbol.<ref>Ashley, Robert. "The Secret History of Videogame Sex." Official Playstation Magazine Feb. 2006: 96-99.</ref>

==Arguments for video game usage==
Video games have been suspected of giving otherwise liberal people some virtual conservative viewpoints.<ref>http://kotaku.com/5764327/5764327/are-video-games-turning-liberals-into-virtual-conservatives</ref> They have also been shown to help people to become more attuned to their surroundings and increase coordination, and in the future may be used to treat people with visual problems and to train soldiers.<ref>http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/05/0528_030528_videogames.html</ref>

While evidence is somewhat conflicting, some also say that video games keep the participants engaged and more mentally active than alternative entertainment, such as watching television.

== Video Games & Society ==

As video games become more popular, their impact on society becomes ever more present. A prime example of this is the massive ad campaigns for the [[Halo (game)|Halo]] series, as well as [[Grand Theft Auto]]. Advertising, merchandising, and even social pressures have changed in the ever-growing influence of video gaming.

Due to their popularity, various corporations have begun placing advertisements for their products within the context of the game. [[Second Life]], an Internet-based virtual world, has attempted to blur the lines between real-world and virtual world, and companies such as Adidas, Reebok, and Dell have set up virtual stores selling real-world products within the game. [[Reuters]] also operates a news bureau reporting news in the game.

== Education in Video Games ==
It is unlikely that there is any educational value in video game usage, compared with better activities that could be pursued.

But Firaxis Games, a noteworthy video game development company, has been creating a video game series called ''Civilization'' for nearly a decade.<ref>http://www.firaxis.com/company/</ref> Civilization is a simulation game that allows the player to lead a nation from ancient times to modern-day. It features a dynamic military system, politics, trading, and historical content. It has been recognized for its unintentional educational properties.<ref>http://www.firaxis.com/community/teacher.php</ref>

Microsoft Flight Simulator is another example of a video game that may have some slight educational value.<ref>https://www.microsoft.com/Products/Games/FSInsider/product/Pages/InfoEducators.aspx</ref>

Some games are also created specifically as teaching tools. While they may not offer detailed, useful knowledge, they typically attempt at least to teach useful concepts or general information. An example of these is the now-dated game, Oregon Trail.

== Faith in Video Games ==
[[Faith]] in Video Gaming has, as a rule, either led to the creation of new and dynamic antagonists, or video games that are mediocre, such as ''Spiritual Warfare'' and ''Bible Adventure'' for the Nintendo, or ''The Bible Game'' for various systems. ''Bible Adventure'' in particular is infamous for its poor design and playability.

The Bible, or other such religious texts, tell a story spanning many different viewpoints. Turning these ideas into a video game, however, most often leads to games that tend to bore most video game audiences.

Religion has, however, taken a prominent place amongst the various heroes and villains in video games. The ''Breath of Fire'' series and the ''Shin Megami Tensei'' games, in particular, use a god as a main antagonist in many of its incarnations. Other games to use religion in some way include the ''Final Fantasy'' series, ''[[Left Behind: Eternal Forces]]'', ''Black and White'', ''Heaven and Hell'', ''Xenogears'', ''Okami'', and the ''Tales'' series, particularly ''Tales of Symphonia''. Unfortunately, many (not all) of the aforementioned games (And nearly any Role Playing game from East Asia) present religion (or it's respective church and followers) as evil, fake, or having ulterior and nefarious motives.

Games may include a fictional religion as part of the setting if the use of a real religion may invite undesirable controversy.

Video game reviewers have sometimes unjustly attacked and reviewed games where real-world religion plays a notable role. One of the most prominent examples of this is the game ''[[Left Behind: Eternal Forces]]''.<ref>http://www.gamerevolution.com/review/pc/left_behind</ref>

== Popular Game Systems ==
*Xbox One
*Playstation 4
*Xbox Series X and Series S
*Playstation 5
*Nintendo Switch

==See also==
*[[Young mass murderers]]
*[[Video game controversy]]
*[[Jack Thompson]]
*[[Video game industry]]
*[[Addiction]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[http://www.whattheyplay.com/ What They Play - the parent's guide to video games]
*[http://www.leftbehindgames.com/index.php Left Behind Games - a Christian, family-friendly video game company]
*[https://www.theepochtimes.com/chapter-fourteen-popular-culture-a-decadent-indulgence_2685394.html Chapter Fourteen: Popular Culture–A Decadent Indulgence], ''The Epoch Times'' (from ''How the Specter of Communism Is Ruling Our World'').

[[Category:Entertainment]]
[[Category:Video Games]]
[[Category:Computers]]

Biden Regime

2021-04-17T19:25:25Z

Eaglesteven: major rewrite

{{short description|46th president of the United States}}
{{Redirect-multi|2|Biden|Joseph Biden|his son Joseph Robinette Biden III|Beau Biden|other uses|Biden (disambiguation)}}
{{pp-move-indef}}
{{pp-vandalism|small=yes}}
{{Use American English|date=February 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| image = Joe Biden presidential portrait.jpg
| order = 46th
| office = President of the United States
| vicepresident = [[Kamala Harris]]
| term_start = January 20, 2021
| predecessor = [[Donald Trump]]
| order2 = 47th
| office2 = Vice President of the United States
| president2 = [[Barack Obama]]
| term_start2 = January 20, 2009
| term_end2 = January 20, 2017
| predecessor2 = [[Dick Cheney]]
| successor2 = [[Mike Pence]]
| jr/sr3 = United States senator
| state3 = [[Delaware]]
| term_start3 = January 3, 1973
| term_end3 = January 15, 2009
| predecessor3 = [[J. Caleb Boggs]]
| successor3 = [[Ted Kaufman]]
| birth_name = Joseph Robinette Biden Jr.
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1942|11|20}}
| birth_place = [[Scranton, Pennsylvania]], U.S.
| death_date =
| death_place =
| party = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| spouse = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|[[Neilia Hunter Biden|Neilia Hunter]]|August 27, 1966|December 18, 1972|reason=died}}
* {{marriage|[[Jill Biden|Jill Jacobs]]|June 17, 1977}}
}}
| children = {{flatlist|
* [[Beau Biden|Beau]]
* [[Hunter Biden|Hunter]]
* Naomi
* [[Ashley Biden|Ashley]]
}}
| parents = {{plainlist|
* Joseph Robinette Biden Sr.
* Catherine Eugenia Finnegan
}}
| relatives = [[Family of Joe Biden|Biden family]]
| occupation = {{hlist|Politician|lawyer|author}}
| education = {{plainlist|
* [[University of Delaware]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])
* [[Syracuse University College of Law|Syracuse University]] ([[Juris Doctor|JD]])
}}
| awards = [[List of honors and awards received by Joe Biden|List of honors and awards]]
| signature = Joe Biden Signature.svg
| website = {{plainlist|
* {{URL|joebiden.com|Campaign website}}
* {{URL|whitehouse.gov/administration/president-biden/|White House website}}
}}
| footnotes = {{Collapsible list
|titlestyle = background:lavender;text-align:center;
|title = Other offices
|bullets = on
| 2007–2009: Chair of the [[United States Senate Caucus on International Narcotics Control|International Narcotics Control Caucus]]
| 2001{{refn|Biden held the chairmanship from January 3 to January 20, then was succeeded by [[Jesse Helms]] until June 6, and thereafter held the position until 2003|group=n}}–2003, 2007–2009: Chair of the [[United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations|Senate Foreign Relations Committee]]
| 1987–1995: Chair of the [[United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary|Senate Judiciary Committee]]
}}
| caption = Official portrait, 2021
}}
{{Joe Biden series}}
'''Joseph Robinette Biden Jr.''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|aɪ|d|ən}} {{respell|BY|dən}}; born November 20, 1942) is an American politician who is the 46th and current [[president of the United States]]. A member of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]], he served as the 47th [[Vice President of the United States|vice president]] from 2009 to 2017 under [[Barack Obama]] and represented [[Delaware]] in the [[United States Senate]] from 1973 to 2009.


Born and raised in [[Scranton, Pennsylvania]], and later in [[New Castle County, Delaware]], Biden studied at the [[University of Delaware]] before earning his law degree from [[Syracuse University]] in 1968. He was elected to the [[New Castle County Council]] in 1970 and became the [[List of youngest members of the United States Congress#List of youngest U.S. senators|sixth-youngest senator ever]] when he was [[1972 United States Senate election in Delaware|elected to the U.S. Senate from Delaware in 1972]], at age 29. Biden was a longtime member of the [[Senate Foreign Relations Committee]] and eventually became its chairman. He also chaired the [[Senate Judiciary Committee]] from 1987 to 1995, dealing with drug policy, crime prevention, and civil liberties issues; led the effort to pass the [[Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act]] and the [[Violence Against Women Act]]; and oversaw six [[U.S. Supreme Court]] confirmation hearings, including the contentious hearings for [[Robert Bork Supreme Court nomination|Robert Bork]] and [[Clarence Thomas Supreme Court nomination|Clarence Thomas]]. He [[Joe Biden 1988 presidential campaign|ran unsuccessfully for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1988]] and [[Joe Biden 2008 presidential campaign| 2008]]. Biden was reelected to the Senate six times, and was the [[Seniority in the United States Senate|fourth-most senior senator]] when he became Obama's vice president after they won the [[2008 United States presidential election|2008 presidential election]].


During eight years as vice president, Biden leaned on his Senate experience and frequently represented the administration in negotiations with congressional [[Republican Party (United States)|Republicans]], including on the [[Budget Control Act of 2011]], which resolved [[United States debt-ceiling crisis of 2011|a debt ceiling crisis]], and the [[American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012]], which addressed the impending "[[United States fiscal cliff|fiscal cliff]]". He also oversaw [[American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009#Infrastructure Investment|infrastructure spending in 2009]] to counteract the [[Great Recession]]. On foreign policy, Biden was a close counselor to the president and took a leading role in designing the [[Withdrawal of U.S. troops from Iraq (2007–2011)#Full withdrawal (2011)|withdrawal of U.S. troops from Iraq]] in 2011. In 2017, Obama awarded Biden the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] with distinction, making him the first president to receive it before taking office.


On April 25, 2019, Biden announced [[Joe Biden 2020 presidential campaign|his candidacy in the 2020 presidential election]]. He became the presumptive Democratic nominee in April 2020 and reached the delegate threshold needed to secure the nomination in June 2020. Biden and his running mate [[Kamala Harris]] defeated incumbent president [[Donald Trump]] and vice president [[Mike Pence]] in the [[2020 United States presidential election|general election]]. Biden is the [[List of presidents of the United States by age|oldest elected president]], the first from Delaware, and the [[Religious affiliations of presidents of the United States|second Catholic]]. His early presidential activity centered around proposing, lobbying for, and signing into law the [[American Rescue Plan Act of 2021]] to help speed up the United States' recovery from the [[Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|economic]] and health effects of the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|COVID-19 pandemic]] and the ongoing [[COVID-19 recession#United States|recession]], as well as a [[List of executive actions by Joe Biden|series of executive orders]]. Biden's orders addressed the pandemic and reversed several Trump administration policies, including by rejoining the [[Paris Agreement]] on [[climate change]], reaffirming protections for [[Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals]] recipients, halting construction of the [[Trump border wall]], ending the [[Trump travel ban]] imposed on predominantly Muslim countries, and revoking permits for the construction of the [[Keystone XL pipeline]].

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==Early life (1942–1965)==
{{See also|Family of Joe Biden}}
[[File:Joe Biden age 10 (retouched).jpg|thumb|left|upright|Biden at age 10 (1953)]]

Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. was born November 20, 1942,<ref>{{CongBio |id=b000444 |name=Joseph R. Biden|inline=YES|access-date=January 20, 2021}}</ref> at St. Mary's Hospital in [[Scranton, Pennsylvania]],<ref>[[#Witcover|Witcover (2010)]], p. 5.</ref> to Catherine Eugenia "Jean" Biden (née Finnegan) and Joseph Robinette Biden Sr.<ref name="ap010810">{{Cite news |last=Chase |first=Randall |date=January 9, 2010 |title=Vice President Biden's mother, Jean, dies at 92 |publisher=[[WITN-TV]] |agency=Associated Press |url=https://www.witn.com/home/headlines/81062772.html |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=May 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200520012620/https://www.witn.com/home/headlines/81062772.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=September 3, 2002 |title=Joseph Biden Sr., 86, father of the senator |work=[[The Baltimore Sun]] |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-2002-09-03-0209030023-story.html |access-date=April 15, 2020 |archive-date=December 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230113231/https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-2002-09-03-0209030023-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The oldest child in a [[Catholic]] family, he has a sister, [[Valerie Biden Owens|Valerie]], and two brothers, Francis and James.<ref>[[#Witcover|Witcover (2010)]], p. 9.</ref> Jean was of [[Irish people|Irish]] descent,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Smolenyak |first=Megan |author-link=Megan Smolenyak |date=July 2, 2012 |title=Joe Biden's Irish Roots |work=Huffington Post |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/joe-bidens-irish-roots_b_1641678 |access-date=December 6, 2012 |archive-date=April 28, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190428024327/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/joe-bidens-irish-roots_b_1641678 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=November 9, 2008 |title=Number two Biden has a history over Irish debate |work=[[The Belfast Telegraph]] |url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sunday-life/number-two-biden-has-a-history-over-irish-debate-28454443.html |access-date=January 22, 2008 |archive-date=December 16, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216214525/http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sunday-life/number-two-biden-has-a-history-over-irish-debate-28454443.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="witcover8">[[#Witcover|Witcover (2010)]], p. 8.</ref> while Joseph Sr. had [[English people|English]], [[French people|French]], and Irish ancestry.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Smolenyak |first=Megan |author-link=Megan Smolenyak |date=April–May 2013 |title=Joey From Scranton—Vice President Biden's Irish Roots |work=[[Irish America (magazine)|Irish America]] |url=https://irishamerica.com/2013/03/joey-from-scranton-vice-president-bidens-irish-roots/ |access-date=April 15, 2020 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103080608/https://irishamerica.com/2013/03/joey-from-scranton-vice-president-bidens-irish-roots/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="witcover8"/>

Biden's father had been wealthy, but suffered financial setbacks around the time Biden was born,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Russell|first=Katie|date=November 11, 2020|title=Joe Biden's family tree: how tragedy shaped the US president-elect|language=en-GB|work=The Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/family/life/joe-biden-family-tree-children-ashley-hunter/|access-date=December 1, 2020|issn=0307-1235|archive-date=January 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210108150352/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/family/life/joe-biden-family-tree-children-ashley-hunter/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Biden |first1=Joe |title=Promises to Keep: On Life and Politics |date=2008 |publisher=Random House |isbn=978-0812976212 |pages=16–17}}</ref><ref>[[#Witcover|Witcover (2010)]], pp. 7-8.</ref> and for several years the family lived with Biden's maternal grandparents.<ref name="nyt-father">{{Cite news |last=Broder |first=John M. |date=October 23, 2008 |title=Father's Tough Life an Inspiration for Biden |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/24/us/politics/24biden.html |access-date=October 24, 2008 |archive-date=November 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108082045/https://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/24/us/politics/24biden.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Scranton fell into economic decline during the 1950s and Biden's father could not find steady work.<ref name="ap-scranton">{{Cite news |last=Rubinkam |first=Michael |date=August 27, 2008 |title=Biden's Scranton childhood left lasting impression |publisher=[[Fox News Channel|Fox News]] |agency=[[Associated Press]] |url=https://www.foxnews.com/wires/2008Aug27/0,4670,CVNBidenapossScrantonRoots,00.html |access-date=September 7, 2008 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115185424/https://www.foxnews.com/wires/2008Aug27/0,4670,CVNBidenapossScrantonRoots,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Beginning in 1953, the family lived in an apartment in [[Claymont, Delaware]], before moving to a house in [[Wilmington, Delaware]].<ref name="nyt-father" /> Biden Sr. later became a successful [[used-car salesman]], maintaining the family in a middle-class lifestyle.<ref name="nyt-father" /><ref name="ap-scranton" /><ref name="aap08-bio">''Almanac of American Politics'' 2008, p. 364.</ref>

At [[Archmere Academy]] in Claymont,<ref>[[#Witcover|Witcover (2010)]], pp. 27, 32.</ref> Biden played baseball and was a standout [[Halfback (American football)|halfback]] and [[wide receiver]] on the [[high school football]] team.<ref name=nyt-father /><ref name="tnj092808">{{Cite news |last=Frank |first=Martin |date=September 28, 2008 |title=Biden was the stuttering kid who wanted the ball |page=D.1 |work=[[The News Journal]] |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/delawareonline/access/1742718581.html?FMT=ABS |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601081204/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/delawareonline/access/1742718581.html?FMT=ABS |archive-date=June 1, 2013}}</ref> Though a poor student, he was [[class president]] in his junior and senior years.<ref name="auto">[[#Witcover|Witcover (2010)]], pp. 40-41.</ref><ref name="taylor99">[[#Taylor|Taylor (1990)]], p. 99.</ref> He graduated in 1961.<ref name="auto"/> At the [[University of Delaware]] in [[Newark, Delaware|Newark]], Biden briefly played freshman football<ref>Biden, ''Promises to Keep'', pp. 27, 32–33.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fact Check: Biden's Too Tall Football Tale |url=http://firstread.nbcnews.com/_news/2012/10/16/14489712-fact-check-bidens-too-tall-football-tale |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121221225751/http://firstread.nbcnews.com/_news/2012/10/16/14489712-fact-check-bidens-too-tall-football-tale |archive-date=December 21, 2012 |website=firstread.nbsnews.com}}</ref> and, as an unexceptional student,<ref name="The New York Times">{{cite news |last1=Dionne Jr. |first1=E.J. |title=Biden Admits Plagiarism in School But Says It Was Not 'Malevolent' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/18/us/biden-admits-plagiarism-in-school-but-says-it-was-not-malevolent.html |access-date=January 21, 2021 |work=[[The New York Times]] |agency=The New York Times Company |date=September 18, 1987 |archive-date=January 21, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121022208/https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/18/us/biden-admits-plagiarism-in-school-but-says-it-was-not-malevolent.html |url-status=live }}</ref> earned a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree in 1965 with a [[double major]] in [[history]] and [[political science]], and a [[Academic minor|minor]] in [[English studies|English]].<ref name="ap-timeline" /><ref>[[#Taylor|Taylor (1990)]], p. 98.</ref> Biden has a [[stutter]], which has improved since his early twenties.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Biden |first=Joseph R., Jr. |date=July 9, 2009 |title=Letter to National Stuttering Association chairman |url=http://www.westutter.org/pdfs/Joe_Biden-PublicGreeting_NationalStutteringAssoc_7.1.09.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728173845/http://www.westutter.org/pdfs/Joe_Biden-PublicGreeting_NationalStutteringAssoc_7.1.09.pdf |archive-date=July 28, 2011 |access-date=December 9, 2010 |publisher=National Stuttering Association}}</ref> He says he reduced it by reciting poetry before a mirror,<ref name="taylor99"/><ref>{{Cite web |date=September 16, 2019 |title=Joe Biden's childhood struggle with a stutter: How he overcame it and how it shaped him |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2019-09-15/joe-bidens-childhood-struggle-with-a-stutter |access-date=July 24, 2020 |website=Los Angeles Times |archive-date=September 16, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190916173912/https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2019-09-15/joe-bidens-childhood-struggle-with-a-stutter |url-status=live }}</ref> but some observers suggested it negatively affected his performance in the [[2020 Democratic Party presidential debates]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hendrickson |first=John |date=January–February 2020 |title=What Joe Biden Can't Bring Himself to Say |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2020/01/joe-biden-stutter-profile/602401/ |access-date=November 24, 2019 |website=[[The Atlantic]] |archive-date=November 21, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191121191228/https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2020/01/joe-biden-stutter-profile/602401/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Bailey |first=Isaac J. |date=March 11, 2020 |title=Is Biden’s Stutter Being Mistaken for "Cognitive Decline"? |url=https://niemanreports.org/articles/biden-stutter/ |work=Nieman Reports |publisher=Nieman Foundation for Journalism |location=Cambridge, MA |access-date=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Carlisle |first=Madeleine |date=December 20, 2019 |title=Sarah Huckabee Sanders Apologizes To Joe Biden After Mocking Debate Response on Stuttering |url=https://time.com/5753754/sarah-huckabee-sanders-biden-stuttering-tweet/ |work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |location=New York, NY}}</ref>

==Marriages, law school, and early career (1966–1972)==
[[File:Joe Biden in 1965 Edition of Blue Hen Yearbook.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Biden in the [[University of Delaware]]'s 1965 yearbook]]

On August 27, 1966, Biden married [[Neilia Hunter Biden|Neilia Hunter]] (1942{{ndash}}1972), a student at [[Syracuse University]],<ref name="ap-timeline">{{Cite news |date=August 23, 2008 |title=A timeline of U.S. Sen. Joe Biden's life and career |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |agency=[[Associated Press]] |url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/n/a/2008/08/22/politics/p222636D16.DTL |url-status=dead |access-date=September 6, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080925021142/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=%2Fn%2Fa%2F2008%2F08%2F22%2Fpolitics%2Fp222636D16.DTL |archive-date=September 25, 2008}}</ref> after overcoming her parents' reluctance for her to wed a Roman Catholic; the ceremony was held in a Catholic church in [[Skaneateles, New York (village)|Skaneateles, New York]].<ref>Biden, ''Promises to Keep'', pp. 32, 36–37.</ref> They had three children: [[Beau Biden|Joseph R. "Beau" Biden III]] (1969{{ndash}}2015), [[Hunter Biden|Robert Hunter Biden]] (born 1970), and Naomi Christina "Amy" Biden (1971{{ndash}}1972).<ref name="ap-timeline" />

In 1968, Biden earned a [[Juris Doctor]] from [[Syracuse University College of Law]], ranked 76th in his class of 85, after failing a course due to an acknowledged "mistake" when he plagiarized a law review article for a paper he wrote in his first year at law school.<ref name="The New York Times"/> He was [[Admission to the bar in the United States|admitted]] to the [[Delaware State Bar Association|Delaware bar]] in 1969.<ref name="cong-bio">{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Biden, Joseph Robinette, Jr. |encyclopedia=[[Biographical Directory of the United States Congress]] |url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B000444 |access-date=August 19, 2008|date= |archive-date=August 27, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080827044555/http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B000444 |url-status=live }}</ref>

While studying at the University of Delaware and Syracuse University, Biden obtained five student draft deferments from the [[Vietnam War]]. In 1968, based on a physical examination, he was given a conditional medical deferment; in 2008, a spokesperson for Biden said his having had "asthma as a teenager" was the reason for the deferment.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Caldera |first1=Camille |title=Fact check: Biden, like Trump, received multiple draft deferments from Vietnam |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2020/09/16/fact-check-biden-received-multiple-draft-deferments-vietnam/5809482002/ |access-date=April 3, 2021 |work=[[USA Today]] |date=September 17, 2020}}</ref>

In 1968, Biden clerked at a [[Wilmington, Delaware|Wilmington]] law firm headed by prominent local [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] William Prickett and, he later said, "thought of myself as a Republican".<ref name="dmn-87">{{Cite news |last=Leubsdorf |first=Carl P. |date=September 6, 1987 |title=Biden Keeps Sights Set On White House |work=[[The Dallas Morning News]] |url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_text_direct-0=0ED3CF5858543A33&p_field_direct-0=document_id |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103080715/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_text_direct-0=0ED3CF5858543A33&p_field_direct-0=document_id |url-status=live }} Reprinted in {{cite news|url=http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/washington/cleubsdorf/stories/082308dnpolbiden87profile.4d6e19b.html|title=Lifelong ambition led Joe Biden to Senate, White House aspirations|date=August 23, 2008|newspaper=[[The Dallas Morning News]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080919060037/http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/washington/cleubsdorf/stories/082308dnpolbiden87profile.4d6e19b.html|archive-date=September 19, 2008}}</ref><ref name="time-barrett">{{Cite news |last=Barrett |first=Laurence I. |date=June 22, 1987 |title=Campaign Portrait, Joe Biden: Orator for the Next Generation |work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,964716,00.html |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=November 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201113235512/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,964716,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref> He disliked incumbent Democratic Delaware governor [[Charles L. Terry]]'s conservative racial politics and supported a more liberal Republican, [[Russell W. Peterson]], who defeated Terry in 1968.<ref name="dmn-87" /> Biden was recruited by local Republicans but registered as an [[Independent (politician)|Independent]] because of his distaste for Republican presidential candidate [[Richard Nixon]].<ref name="dmn-87" />

In 1969, Biden practiced law first as a [[public defender]] and then at a firm headed by a locally active Democrat<ref name="cby-43">''Current Biography Yearbook 1987'', p. 43.</ref><ref name="dmn-87" /> who named him to the Democratic Forum, a group trying to reform and revitalize the state party;<ref>[[#Witcover|Witcover (2010)]], p. 86.</ref> Biden subsequently reregistered as a Democrat.<ref name="dmn-87" /> He and another attorney also formed a law firm.<ref name="cby-43" /> [[Corporate law]], however, did not appeal to him, and [[criminal law]] did not pay well.<ref name="nyt-father" /> He supplemented his income by managing properties.<ref name="watn020109">{{Cite news |last=Palmer |first=Nancy Doyle |date=February 1, 2009 |title=Joe Biden: 'Everyone Calls Me Joe' |work=[[Washingtonian (magazine)|Washingtonian]] |url=https://www.washingtonian.com/2009/02/01/joe-biden-everyone-calls-me-joe/ |access-date=February 4, 2009 |archive-date=July 31, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160731071850/https://www.washingtonian.com/2009/02/01/joe-biden-everyone-calls-me-joe/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 1970, Biden ran for the 4th District Seat on the [[New Castle County Council]] on a liberal platform that included support for public housing in the suburbs.<ref>[[#Witcover|Witcover (2010)]], p. 59.</ref><ref name="cby-43" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Harriman |first=Jane |date=December 31, 1969 |title=Joe Biden: Hope for Democratic Party in '72? |page=3 |work=Newspapers.com |publisher=The News Journal |url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/?clipping_id=8326887 |access-date=May 1, 2019 |archive-date=August 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802170920/http://www.newspapers.com/image/?clipping_id=8326887 |url-status=live }}</ref> The seat had been held by Republican Henry R. Folsom, who was running in the 5th District following a reapportionment of council districts.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://udspace.udel.edu/bitstream/handle/19716/24355/MSS0733_F5.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |title=Republican Information Center: 1970 List of Candidates |last=Delaware Republican State Headquarters |date=1970 |website=University of Delaware Library Institutional Repository |publisher=University of Delaware |location=Newark, DE |access-date=January 13, 2021 |page=11 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115185424/https://udspace.udel.edu/bitstream/handle/19716/24355/MSS0733_F5.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=October 1, 1969 |title=County Ponders Housing Code |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67562209/housing-code/ |work=[[The News Journal]] |location=Wilmington, DE |page=2 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115185425/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67562209/housing-code/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Lockman |first=Norm |date=December 20, 1969 |title=New Housing Code Favored for County |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67562907/housing-code/ |work=[[The News Journal]] |location=Wilmington, DE |page=2 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115185426/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67562907/housing-code/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Biden won the general election, and took office on January 5, 1971.<ref>{{cite news |date=January 2, 1971 |title=County Council to Take Oath |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67554678/council-oath/ |work=[[The News Journal]] |location=Wilmington, DE |page=4 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115185436/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67554678/council-oath/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=January 6, 1971 |title=Conner Calls Shake of 7 Lucky Omen for Council |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67567899/lucky-omen/ |work=[[The News Journal]] |location=Wilmington, DE |page=3 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115185426/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67567899/lucky-omen/ |url-status=live }}</ref> He served until January 1, 1973, and was succeeded by Democrat Francis R. Swift.<ref>{{cite news |date=January 2, 1973 |title=Maloney Seeks New Businesses |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67556072/maloney-seeks/ |work=[[The News Journal]] |location=Wilmington, DE |page=4 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115185512/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67556072/maloney-seeks/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=March 30, 1972 |title=Swift Seeks 4th District County Seat |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67555654/swift-seeks/ |work=[[The News Journal]] |location=Wilmington, DE |page=41 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115185450/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67555654/swift-seeks/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=November 8, 1972 |title=GOP Decade Ends with Slawik Win |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67555456/gop-decade/ |work=[[The News Journal]] |location=Wilmington, DE |page=3 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115185431/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67555456/gop-decade/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Zintl |first=Terry |date=March 14, 1973 |title=Shop Center Hackles Rise In Hockessin |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67561659/shop-center/ |work=[[The News Journal]] |location=Wilmington, DE |page=64 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115185432/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67561659/shop-center/ |url-status=live }}</ref> During his time on the county council, Biden opposed large highway projects, which he argued might disrupt Wilmington neighborhoods.<ref>[[#Witcover|Witcover (2010)]], p. 62.</ref>

===1972 U.S. Senate campaign in Delaware===
{{Main|1972 United States Senate election in Delaware}}
[[File:US Senate 1972 Delaware by State House District.svg|thumb|left|upright=0.6|Results of the 1972 U.S. Senate election in [[Delaware]]]]

In 1972, Biden defeated Republican incumbent [[J. Caleb Boggs]] to become the junior U.S. senator from Delaware. He was the only Democrat willing to challenge Boggs.<ref name="cby-43" /> With minimal campaign funds, he was given no chance of winning.<ref name="nyt-father" /> Family members managed and staffed the campaign, which relied on meeting voters face-to-face and hand-distributing position papers,<ref name="npr-72">{{Cite news |last=Naylor |first=Brian |date=October 8, 2007 |title=Biden's Road to Senate Took Tragic Turn |publisher=[[National Public Radio]] |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=14999603 |access-date=September 12, 2008 |archive-date=September 11, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080911183158/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=14999603 |url-status=live }}</ref> an approach made feasible by Delaware's small size.<ref name="watn020109" /> He received help from the [[AFL–CIO]] and Democratic pollster [[Patrick Caddell]].<ref name="cby-43" /> His platform focused on the environment, withdrawal from Vietnam, civil rights, mass transit, equitable taxation, health care, and public dissatisfaction with "politics as usual".<ref name="cby-43" /><ref name="npr-72" /> A few months before the election, Biden trailed Boggs by almost thirty percentage points,<ref name="cby-43" /> but his energy, attractive young family, and ability to connect with voters' emotions worked to his advantage,<ref name="aap08-bio" /> and he won with 50.5 percent of the vote.<ref name="npr-72" /> At the time of his election, he was still 29 years old, but reached the constitutionally required age of 30 before he was sworn in as Senator.<ref name=25things>{{cite web|url=https://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-news/news/vice-president-joe-biden-25-things-you-dont-know-about-me-w206893/|title=President Joe Biden: 25 Things You Don't Know About Me!|work=Us Weekly|date=January 20, 2021|publisher=A360 Media LLC}}</ref>

===Death of wife and daughter===
On December 18, 1972, a few weeks after the election, Biden's wife Neilia and one-year-old daughter Naomi were killed in an automobile accident while Christmas shopping in [[Hockessin, Delaware]].<ref name="ap-timeline" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=December 19, 1972 |title=Biden's Wife, Child Killed in Car Crash |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1972/12/19/archives/bidens-wife-child-killed-in-car-crash.html |page=9 |access-date=January 8, 2021 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=December 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202063824/https://www.nytimes.com/1972/12/19/archives/bidens-wife-child-killed-in-car-crash.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Neilia's station wagon was hit by a [[semi-trailer truck]] as she pulled out from an intersection. Their sons Beau (aged{{nbsp}}3) and Hunter (aged{{nbsp}}2) survived the accident and were taken to the hospital in fair condition, Beau with a broken leg and other wounds, and Hunter with a minor skull fracture and other head injuries.<ref name="witcover9398">[[#Witcover|Witcover (2010)]], pp. 93, 98.</ref> Biden considered resigning to care for them,<ref name="aap08-bio" /> but [[Senate Majority Leader]] [[Mike Mansfield]] persuaded him not to.<ref name="lat-joe">{{Cite news|last=Levey|first=Noam M.|date=August 24, 2008|title=In his home state, Biden is a regular Joe|work=Los Angeles Times|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-aug-24-na-biden24-story.html|access-date=September 7, 2008|archive-date=December 30, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230125100/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-aug-24-na-biden24-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Years later, Biden said he had heard that the truck driver allegedly drank alcohol before the collision. The driver's family denied that claim, and the police never substantiated it. Biden later apologized to the family.<ref name="dj-no-dui2">{{Cite news|last=Kipp|first=Rachel|date=September 4, 2008|title=No DUI in crash that killed Biden's 1st wife, but he's implied otherwise|page=A.1|work=The News Journal|url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/delawareonline/access/1743377101.html?FMT=ABS |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601102455/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/delawareonline/access/1743377101.html?FMT=ABS|archive-date=June 1, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=August 27, 2008 |title=A Senator's Past: The Biden Car Crash|publisher=Inside Edition|url=http://insideedition.com/storyprint.aspx?SpecialReportID=2048 |url-status=dead|access-date=May 28, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601072408/http://insideedition.com/storyprint.aspx?SpecialReportID=2048|archive-date=June 1, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Orr|first=Bob|date=March 24, 2009 |title=Driver In Biden Crash Wanted Name Cleared |agency=CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/driver-in-biden-crash-wanted-name-cleared/ |access-date=March 13, 2017|archive-date=March 14, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170314063826/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/driver-in-biden-crash-wanted-name-cleared/|url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Hamilton|first=Carl|date=October 30, 2008 |title=Daughter of man in '72 Biden crash seeks apology from widowed Senator |agency=Newark Post |url=https://www.newarkpostonline.com/news/local/article_6c9a477e-63be-561b-b771-1330b4cda02d.html |access-date=March 13, 2017 |archive-date=January 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116124422/http://www.newarkpostonline.com/news/local/article_6c9a477e-63be-561b-b771-1330b4cda02d.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Kruse|first=Michael|date=March 24, 2009|title=How Grief Became Joe Biden's 'Superpower'|agency=Politico|url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2019/01/25/joe-biden-2019-profile-grief-beau-car-accident-224178|access-date=June 13, 2020|archive-date=June 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613012910/https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2019/01/25/joe-biden-2019-profile-grief-beau-car-accident-224178|url-status=live}}</ref>

The accident had filled him with anger and religious doubt. He wrote that he "felt God had played a horrible trick" on him,<ref>Biden, ''Promises to Keep'', p. 81</ref> and he had trouble focusing on work.<ref name="nyt-ease">{{Cite news |last=Bumiller |first=Elisabeth |author-link=Elisabeth Bumiller |date=December 14, 2007 |title=Biden Campaigning With Ease After Hardships |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/14/us/politics/14biden.html |access-date=September 13, 2008 |archive-date=December 10, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081210154755/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/14/us/politics/14biden.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="npr-int">{{Cite news |date=August 1, 2007 |title=On Becoming Joe Biden |work=Morning Edition |publisher=NPR |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=12389154 |access-date=September 12, 2008 |archive-date=September 9, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080909093445/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=12389154 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Second marriage===
[[File:Joe and Jilly Biden early photo.jpg|thumb|Biden and his second wife, [[Jill Biden|Jill]], met in 1975 and married in 1977]]

Biden credits his second wife, teacher [[Jill Biden|Jill Tracy Jacobs]], with the renewal of his interest in politics and life;<ref>Biden, ''Promises to Keep'', p. 113.</ref> they met in 1975 on a blind date<ref name="nyt082508">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/25/us/politics/25wife.html |title=Jill Biden Heads Toward Life in the Spotlight |last=Seelye |first=Katharine Q. |newspaper=The New York Times |date=August 24, 2008 |access-date=August 25, 2008 |archive-date=December 10, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081210193454/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/25/us/politics/25wife.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and were married at the [[Church Center for the United Nations|United Nations chapel]] in New York on June 17, 1977.<ref name="coxns-jill">{{cite news |url=https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-2008-10-24-a3bidenwife24-story.html |title=Bidens met, forged life together after tragedy |last=Dart |first=Bob |agency=[[Cox News Service]] |newspaper=[[Orlando Sentinel]] |date=October 24, 2008 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=October 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020153208/https://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/os-xpm-2008-10-24-a3bidenwife24-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>Biden, ''Promises to Keep'', p. 117.</ref> They spent their honeymoon at [[Lake Balaton]] in the [[Hungarian People's Republic]], behind the [[Iron Curtain]].<ref name="balaton">{{cite news | url=https://444.hu/2020/11/08/biden-es-felesege-1977-ben-a-balatonnal-voltak-naszuton | title=Biden és felesége 1977-ben a Balatonnál voltak nászúton | author=Sarkadi, Zsolt | work=444.hu | date=November 8, 2020 | access-date=November 8, 2020 | language=hu | archive-date=November 8, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108225640/https://444.hu/2020/11/08/biden-es-felesege-1977-ben-a-balatonnal-voltak-naszuton | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-54868002 | title=US election: What does Joe Biden's win mean for Brexit Britain and Europe? | author-first=Katya | author-last=Adler | publisher=[[BBC News]] | date=November 8, 2020 | access-date=November 9, 2020 | archive-date=November 10, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110014205/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-54868002 | url-status=live }}</ref> They are Roman Catholics and attend Mass at [[St. Joseph's on the Brandywine]] in [[Greenville, Delaware]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Parishioners not surprised to see Biden at usual Mass |last=Gibson|first=Ginger |newspaper=[[The News Journal]] |date=August 25, 2008 |page=A.12 |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/delawareonline/access/1742751081.html?FMT=ABS |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130601093036/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/delawareonline/access/1742751081.html?FMT=ABS |archive-date=June 1, 2013 }}</ref> Their daughter [[Ashley Biden|Ashley]] (born 1981)<ref name="ap-timeline" /> is a social worker. She is married to physician [[Howard Krein]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/03/fashion/weddings/ashley-biden-howard-krein-wedding.html |title=Ashley Biden and Howard Krein |newspaper=The New York Times |date=June 3, 2012 |page=ST15 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=November 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101001405/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/03/fashion/weddings/ashley-biden-howard-krein-wedding.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Beau Biden became an Army [[Judge Advocate]] in Iraq and later [[Delaware Attorney General]];<ref>{{cite news|access-date=August 23, 2008|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB121919956426355701|title=Biden's Foreign Policy Background Carries Growing Cachet|last=Cooper|first=Christopher|newspaper=The Wall Street Journal|date=August 20, 2008|page=A4|archive-date=August 13, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130813071718/http://online.wsj.com/article/SB121919956426355701.html?mod=googlenews_wsj|url-status=live}}</ref> he died of brain cancer in 2015.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/vice-president-joe-bidens-son-beau-dies-n367171 |first=Phil |last=Helsel |title=Beau Biden, Son of Vice President Joe Biden, Dies After Battle With Brain Cancer |work=NBC News |date=May 31, 2015 |access-date=December 30, 2019 |archive-date=January 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200122170447/https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/vice-president-joe-bidens-son-beau-dies-n367171 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Paul |last=Kane |date=May 31, 2015 |work=[[The Washington Post]] |title=Family losses frame Vice President Biden's career |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/beau-biden-vice-presidents-son-dies-of-brain-cancer-at-46/2015/05/31/4198da78-07c6-11e5-9e39-0db921c47b93_story.html |access-date=December 30, 2019 |archive-date=December 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230125058/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/beau-biden-vice-presidents-son-dies-of-brain-cancer-at-46/2015/05/31/4198da78-07c6-11e5-9e39-0db921c47b93_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Hunter Biden is a Washington lobbyist and investment adviser.<ref name="nydn122808">{{cite news |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/2008/12/27/2008-12-27_from_a_blind_date_to_second_lady_jill_bi.html |title=From a blind date to second lady, Jill Biden's coming into her own |last=Evans |first=Heidi |newspaper=Daily News |location=New York |date=December 28, 2008 |access-date=January 3, 2009 |archive-date=January 4, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090104002628/http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/2008/12/27/2008-12-27_from_a_blind_date_to_second_lady_jill_bi.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

From 1991 to 2008, Biden co-taught a [[seminar]] on [[constitutional law]] at [[Widener University School of Law]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Fact check: If he loses election, Biden said he wants to teach, but where is uncertain|url=https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2020/10/28/fact-check-joe-biden-wants-return-teaching-if-he-loses-election/6037909002/|access-date=October 11, 2020|publisher=USA Today|archive-date=November 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101033652/https://eu.usatoday.com/story/news/factcheck/2020/10/28/fact-check-joe-biden-wants-return-teaching-if-he-loses-election/6037909002/|url-status=live}}</ref> The seminar often had a waiting list. Biden sometimes flew back from overseas to teach the class.<ref>{{cite web|title=Faculty: Joseph R. Biden, Jr.|url=http://law.widener.edu/Academics/Faculty/ProfilesDeAdj/BidenJosephR.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006123224/http://law.widener.edu/Academics/Faculty/ProfilesDeAdj/BidenJosephR.aspx|archive-date=October 6, 2008|access-date=September 24, 2008|publisher=[[Widener University School of Law]]}}</ref><ref name="wid-veep-elect" /><ref>{{cite news|last=Purchla|first=Matt|date=August 26, 2008|title=For Widener Law students, a teacher aims high|publisher=[[Metro International|Metro Philadelphia]]|url=http://philly.metro.us/metro/local/article/For_Widener_Law_students_a_teacher_aims_high/13457.html|url-status=dead|access-date=September 25, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081004214751/http://philly.metro.us/metro/local/article/For_Widener_Law_students_a_teacher_aims_high/13457.html|archive-date=October 4, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Carey|first=Kathleen E.|date=August 27, 2008|title=Widener students proud of Biden|publisher=[[Delaware County Daily and Sunday Times]]|url=http://www.delcotimes.com/site/news.cfm?newsid=20094884&BRD=1675&PAG=461&dept_id=18171&rfi=6|url-status=dead|access-date=September 25, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080919152356/http://www.delcotimes.com/site/news.cfm?newsid=20094884&BRD=1675&PAG=461&dept_id=18171&rfi=6|archive-date=September 19, 2008}}</ref>

==U.S. Senate (1973–2009)==
{{Main|United States Senate career of Joe Biden}}

===Senate activities===
[[File:Joe Biden and Jimmy Carter.jpg|thumb|left|Biden with President [[Jimmy Carter]], 1979]]

In January 1973, [[Secretary of the United States Senate|secretary of the Senate]] [[Francis R. Valeo]] swore Biden in at the [[Delaware Division of the Wilmington Medical Center]].<ref name="ap-sworn">{{Cite news |date=January 6, 1973 |title=Oath Solemn |page=11 |work=Spokane Daily Chronicle |agency=Associated Press |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=yadYAAAAIBAJ&pg=5556,1874966 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103080828/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=yadYAAAAIBAJ&pg=5556%2C1874966 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="witcover9398"/> Present were his sons Beau (whose leg was still in traction from the automobile accident) and Hunter and other family members.<ref name="ap-sworn" /><ref name="witcover9398"/> At 30, he was the [[List of youngest members of the United States Congress#List of youngest U.S. senators|sixth-youngest senator in U.S. history]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Youngest Senator |url=https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Youngest_Senator.htm |access-date=August 25, 2008 |publisher=United States Senate |archive-date=December 26, 2002 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021226155950/https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Youngest_Senator.htm |url-status=live }} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref>Byrd, Robert and Wolff, Wendy ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=PeHByMYxVm8C&pg=PA285 Senate, 1789–1989: Historical Statistics, 1789–1992, Volume 4] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103080837/https://books.google.com/books?id=PeHByMYxVm8C&pg=PA285 |date=January 3, 2021 }}'', p. 285 (Government Printing Office 1993) {{PD-notice}}</ref>

To see his sons, Biden traveled by [[Amtrak|train]] between his Delaware home and D.C.<ref name="family values">{{Cite news |last=Pride |first=Mike |date=December 1, 2007 |title=Biden a smart guy who has lived his family values |work=Concord Monitor |url=http://concordmonitor.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20071201/OPINION/712010307 |url-status=dead |access-date=October 4, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071203001952/http://concordmonitor.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F20071201%2FOPINION%2F712010307 |archive-date=December 3, 2007}}</ref>—74 minutes each way—and maintained this habit throughout his 36 years in the Senate.<ref name="aap08-bio" />

During his early years in the Senate, Biden focused on consumer protection and environmental issues and called for greater government accountability.<ref name="time-200-fut">{{Cite news |date=July 15, 1974 |title=200 Faces for the Future |work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,879402-6,00.html |access-date=August 23, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130813045404/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,879402-6,00.html |archive-date=August 13, 2013}}</ref> In a 1974 interview, he described himself as liberal on civil rights and liberties, senior citizens' concerns and healthcare but conservative on other issues, including abortion and [[military conscription]].<ref name="The Washingtonian-June-1974">{{Cite news |last=Kelley |first=Kitty |date=June 1, 1974 |title=Death and the All-American Boy |work=The Washingtonian |url=https://www.washingtonian.com/1974/06/01/joe-biden-kitty-kelley-1974-profile-death-and-the-all-american-boy/ |access-date=March 8, 2020 |archive-date=November 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110162757/https://www.washingtonian.com/1974/06/01/joe-biden-kitty-kelley-1974-profile-death-and-the-all-american-boy/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In his first decade in the Senate, Biden focused on [[arms control]].<ref name="nyt-foreign" /><ref name="cby-45">''Current Biography Yearbook 1987'', p. 45.</ref> After Congress failed to ratify the [[SALT II]] Treaty signed in 1979 by [[General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Soviet general secretary]] [[Leonid Brezhnev]] and President [[Jimmy Carter]], Biden met with Soviet Foreign Minister [[Andrei Gromyko]] to communicate American concerns and secured changes that addressed the Senate Foreign Relations Committee's objections.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Salacuse|first=Jeswald W.|url=https://archive.org/details/leadingleaders00jesw|title=Leading Leaders: How to Manage Smart, Talented, Rich and Powerful People|publisher=American Management Association|year=2005|isbn=0-8144-0855-9}} p. 144.</ref> When the [[Reagan administration]] wanted to interpret the 1972 [[SALT I]] treaty loosely to allow development of the [[Strategic Defense Initiative]], Biden argued for strict adherence to the treaty.<ref name="nyt-foreign" /> He received considerable attention when he excoriated Secretary of State [[George Shultz]] at a Senate hearing for the Reagan administration's support of [[South Africa]] despite its continued policy of [[apartheid]].<ref name="dmn-87" />

[[File:Reagan Contact Sheet C20355 (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|Biden shaking hands with President [[Ronald Reagan]], 1984]]

Biden became [[ranking minority member]] of the [[Senate Judiciary Committee]] in 1981. In 1984, he was a Democratic floor manager for the successful passage of the [[Comprehensive Crime Control Act]]; over time, the law's tough-on-crime provisions became controversial and in 2019, Biden called his role in passing the bill a "big mistake".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Herndon |first=Astead W. |date=January 21, 2019 |title=Biden Expresses Regret for Support of Crime Legislation in the 1990s |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/21/us/politics/biden-crime-bill-regrets.html |access-date=January 21, 2019 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=November 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110162903/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/21/us/politics/biden-crime-bill-regrets.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/06/us/politics/joe-biden-2020-president.html "Biden in 2020? Allies Say He Sees Himself as Democrats' Best Hope"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110163104/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/06/us/politics/joe-biden-2020-president.html |date=November 10, 2020}}, By Jonathan Martin and Alexander Burns. ''New York Times''. January 6, 2019</ref> His supporters praised him for modifying some of the law's worst provisions, and it was his most important legislative accomplishment to that time.<ref name="cby-44" /> This bill included the [[Federal Assault Weapons Ban]]<ref>{{cite news|last=Fifield|first=Anna|date=January 4, 2013|title=Biden faces key role in second term|newspaper=[[Financial Times]]|url=https://www.ft.com/content/412f47b0-5694-11e2-aad0-00144feab49a|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=January 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103081008/https://www.ft.com/content/412f47b0-5694-11e2-aad0-00144feab49a|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="time-cov-0113">{{cite news|last=Scherer|first=Michael|date=January 28, 2013|title=The Next Gun Fight|magazine=Time|url=http://swampland.time.com/2013/01/16/americas-new-gunfight-inside-the-campaign-to-avert-mass-shootings/|url-status=live|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103081050/https://swampland.time.com/2013/01/16/americas-new-gunfight-inside-the-campaign-to-avert-mass-shootings/|archive-date=January 3, 2021}} Cover story.</ref> and the [[Violence Against Women Act]],<ref>{{cite news|last=Finley|first=Bruce|date=September 19, 2014|title=Biden: Men who don't stop violence against women are "cowards"|newspaper=The Denver Post|url=https://www.denverpost.com/2014/09/19/biden-men-who-dont-stop-violence-against-women-are-cowards/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151013133013/http://www.denverpost.com/environment/ci_26568257/vice-president-biden-denver-discuss-domestic-violence-issues|archive-date=October 13, 2015}}</ref> which he has called his most significant legislation.<ref>{{cite web|title=Domestic Violence|url=http://biden.senate.gov/issues/issue/?id=975b0cf4-ce25-42cc-b63d-072fb81e8618|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080822144642/http://biden.senate.gov/issues/issue/?id=975b0cf4-ce25-42cc-b63d-072fb81e8618|archive-date=August 22, 2008|access-date=September 9, 2008|publisher=[[United States Senate|Biden senate website]]}}</ref>

In 1993, Biden voted for a provision that deemed homosexuality incompatible with military life, thereby banning gays from serving in the armed forces.<ref>{{Cite web |title=govinfo |url=https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USCODE-2010-title10/USCODE-2010-title10-subtitleA-partII-chap37-sec654 |access-date=May 6, 2019 |website=govinfo.gov |archive-date=May 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506191328/https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/USCODE-2010-title10/USCODE-2010-title10-subtitleA-partII-chap37-sec654 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Epstein |first1=Reid J. |last2=Lerer |first2=Lisa |date=September 20, 2019 |title=Joe Biden Has Tense Exchange Over L.G.B.T.Q. Record |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/20/us/politics/lgbt-forum-2020.html |access-date=April 15, 2020 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=April 16, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200416100800/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/20/us/politics/lgbt-forum-2020.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=A. Del |first=Jose |title=Sanders attacks Biden's record on gay rights and women's issues |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/sanders-calls-biden-my-friend-then-he-goes-on-the-attack/2020/03/08/20a23f86-60d0-11ea-9055-5fa12981bbbf_story.html |access-date=April 15, 2020 |website=Washington Post |archive-date=March 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200308233903/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/sanders-calls-biden-my-friend-then-he-goes-on-the-attack/2020/03/08/20a23f86-60d0-11ea-9055-5fa12981bbbf_story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1996, he voted for the [[Defense of Marriage Act]], which prohibited the federal government from recognizing same-sex marriages, thereby barring individuals in such marriages from equal protection under federal law and allowing states to do the same.<ref>{{Cite web |title=U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 104th Congress—2nd Session |url=https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=104&session=2&vote=00280 |access-date=June 12, 2019 |website=senate.gov |archive-date=May 7, 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050507161358/http://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=104 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2015, the act was ruled unconstitutional in ''[[Obergefell v. Hodges]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=de Vogue |first1=Ariane |last2=Diamond |first2=Jeremy |title=Supreme Court rules states must allow same-sex marriage |url=https://www.cnn.com/2015/06/26/politics/supreme-court-same-sex-marriage-ruling/index.html |access-date=June 12, 2019 |website=CNN |archive-date=June 27, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150627065146/https://www.cnn.com/2015/06/26/politics/supreme-court-same-sex-marriage-ruling/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Elected to the Senate in 1972, Biden was reelected in [[United States Senate election in Delaware, 1978|1978]], [[United States Senate election in Delaware, 1984|1984]], [[United States Senate election in Delaware, 1990|1990]], [[United States Senate election in Delaware, 1996|1996]], [[United States Senate election in Delaware, 2002|2002]], and [[United States Senate election in Delaware, 2008|2008]], regularly receiving about 60% of the vote.<ref name="aap08-366" /> He was junior senator to [[William Roth]], who was first elected in 1970, until Roth was defeated in 2000.<ref>{{cite news|date=August 23, 2008|title=Obama introduces Biden as running mate|work=CNN|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/08/23/biden.democrat.vp.candidate/|url-status=live|access-date=September 18, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150109172417/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/08/23/biden.democrat.vp.candidate/|archive-date=January 9, 2015}}</ref> {{as of|2020}}, he was the [[List of members of the United States Congress by longevity of service|18th-longest-serving senator]] in U.S. history.<ref name="26 Aug 2018">{{cite web|title=Longest Serving Senators|url=https://www.senate.gov/senators/longest_serving_senators.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919101452/https://www.senate.gov/senators/longest_serving_senators.htm|archive-date=September 19, 2018|access-date=August 26, 2018|website=United States Senate|publisher=United States Senate}}</ref>

====Opposition to busing====
In the mid-1970s, Biden was one of the Senate's strongest opponents of [[race-integration busing]]. His Delaware constituents strongly opposed it, and such opposition nationwide later led his party to mostly abandon school integration policies.<ref name="Gadsen">{{Cite news |last=Gadsden |first=Brett |date=May 5, 2019 |title=Here's How Deep Biden's Busing Problem Runs |work=Politico |url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2019/05/05/joe-biden-busing-problem-226791 |access-date=May 5, 2019 |archive-date=May 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190505123922/https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2019/05/05/joe-biden-busing-problem-226791 |url-status=live }}</ref> In his first Senate campaign, Biden had expressed support for busing to remedy ''[[de jure]]'' [[Racial segregation|segregation]], as in the South, but opposed its use to remedy ''[[de facto]]'' segregation arising from racial patterns of neighborhood residency, as in Delaware; he opposed a proposed constitutional amendment banning busing entirely.{{sfn|Gadsen|2012|page=214}}

In May 1974, Biden voted to table a proposal containing anti-busing and anti-desegregation clauses but later voted for a modified version containing a qualification that it was not intended to weaken the judiciary's power to enforce the [[Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution|5th Amendment]] and [[Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|14th Amendment]].<ref name="Sokol">{{Cite news |last=Sokol |first=Jason |date=April 25, 2019 |title=How a Young Joe Biden Turned Liberals Against Integration |work=Politico |url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2015/08/04/joe-biden-integration-school-busing-120968 |access-date=April 25, 2019 |archive-date=November 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110162959/https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2015/08/04/joe-biden-integration-school-busing-120968 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1975, he supported a proposal that would have prevented the [[Department of Health, Education, and Welfare]] from cutting federal funds to districts that refused to integrate;{{sfn|Gadsen|2012|pages=220–221}} he said busing was a "bankrupt idea [violating] the cardinal rule of common sense" and that his opposition would make it easier for other liberals to follow suit.<ref name="cby-44">''Current Biography Yearbook 1987'', p. 44.</ref> At the same time he supported initiatives on housing, job opportunities and voting rights.<ref name="Sokol" /> Biden supported a measure{{when|date=October 2020}} forbidding the use of federal funds for transporting students beyond the school closest to them. In 1977, he co-sponsored an amendment closing loopholes in that measure, which President Carter signed into law in 1978.<ref name="Raffel1998">{{Cite book |last=Raffel |first=Jeffrey A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gA1JljCpxzEC&pg=PA90 |title=Historical Dictionary of School Segregation and Desegregation: The American Experience |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-313-29502-7 |page=90 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=September 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200930184823/https://books.google.com/books?id=gA1JljCpxzEC&pg=PA90 |url-status=live }}</ref>

====Brain surgeries====
[[File:Joe Biden in 1987 at White House.png|thumb|left|upright|Biden at the White House in 1987]]
In February 1988, after several episodes of increasingly severe neck pain, Biden was taken by ambulance to [[Walter Reed Army Medical Center]] for surgery to correct a leaking [[intracranial berry aneurysm]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Altman |first=Lawrence K. |date=February 23, 1998 |title=The Doctor's World; Subtle Clues Are Often The Only Warnings Of Perilous Aneurysms |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/23/science/the-doctors-world-subtle-clues-are-often-the-only-warnings-of-perilous-aneurysms.html |access-date=August 23, 2008 |archive-date=April 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200428023004/https://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/23/science/the-doctors-world-subtle-clues-are-often-the-only-warnings-of-perilous-aneurysms.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="nyt-4cmed">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/20/us/politics/20health.html|title=Many Holes in Disclosure of Nominees' Health|last=Altman|first=Lawrence K.|newspaper=The New York Times|date=October 19, 2008|access-date=October 26, 2008|archive-date=February 25, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100225194337/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/20/us/politics/20health.html|url-status=live}}</ref> While recuperating, he suffered a [[pulmonary embolism]], a serious complication.<ref name="nyt-4cmed" /> After a second aneurysm was surgically repaired in May,<ref name="nyt-4cmed" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/05/04/us/biden-resting-after-surgery-for-second-brain-aneurysm.html |title=Biden Resting After Surgery For Second Brain Aneurysm |agency=[[Associated Press]] |newspaper=The New York Times |date=May 4, 1988 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210105212210/http://www.nytimes.com/1988/05/04/us/biden-resting-after-surgery-for-second-brain-aneurysm.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Biden's recuperation kept him away from the Senate for seven months.<ref name="ap-aug22">{{cite news |url=https://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/vp-candidate-profile-sen-joe-biden/ |title=V.P. candidate profile: Sen. Joe Biden |agency=[[Associated Press]] |newspaper=[[The Seattle Times]] |date=August 22, 2008 |access-date=September 7, 2008 |first=Calvin |last=Woodward |archive-date=December 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230131941/https://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/vp-candidate-profile-sen-joe-biden/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===1988 presidential campaign===
{{Main|Joe Biden 1988 presidential campaign}}
Biden formally declared his candidacy for the [[1988 Democratic Party presidential primaries|1988 Democratic presidential nomination]] on June 9, 1987.<ref name="nyt-1987-ann">{{Cite news |last=Dionne Jr. |first=E. J. |author-link=E. J. Dionne |date=June 10, 1987 |title=Biden Joins Campaign for the Presidency |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/06/10/us/biden-joins-campaign-for-the-presidency.html |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=November 5, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171105150453/http://www.nytimes.com/1987/06/10/us/biden-joins-campaign-for-the-presidency.html |url-status=live }}</ref> He was considered a strong candidate because of his moderate image, his speaking ability, his high profile as chair of the Senate Judiciary Committee at the upcoming [[Robert Bork Supreme Court nomination]] hearings, and his appeal to [[Baby Boomer]]s; he would have been the second-youngest person elected president, after [[John F. Kennedy]].<ref name="dmn-87" /><ref name="nyt083187">{{Cite news |last=Toner |first=Robin |date=August 31, 1987 |title=Biden, Once the Field's Hot Democrat, Is Being Overtaken by Cooler Rivals |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/08/31/us/biden-once-the-field-s-hot-democrat-is-being-overtaken-by-cooler-rivals.html |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103084657/https://www.nytimes.com/1987/08/31/us/biden-once-the-field-s-hot-democrat-is-being-overtaken-by-cooler-rivals.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="taylor83"/> He raised more in the first quarter of 1987 than any other candidate.<ref name="nyt083187" /><ref name="taylor83">[[#Taylor|Taylor (1990)]], p. 83.</ref>

By August his campaign's messaging had become confused due to staff rivalries,<ref>[[#Taylor|Taylor (1990)]], pp. 108-109.</ref> and in September, he was accused of [[plagiarism|plagiarizing]] a speech by British [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] leader [[Neil Kinnock]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dowd |first=Maureen |author-link=Maureen Dowd |date=September 12, 1987 |title=Biden's Debate Finale: An Echo From Abroad |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/12/us/biden-s-debate-finale-an-echo-from-abroad.html |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=February 15, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215003637/http://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/12/us/biden-s-debate-finale-an-echo-from-abroad.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Biden's speech had similar lines about being the first person in his family to attend university. Biden had credited Kinnock with the formulation on previous occasions,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Randolph |first=Eleanor |date=September 13, 1987 |title=Plagiarism Suggestion Angers Biden's Aides |page=A6 |work=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1987/09/13/plagiarism-suggestion-angers-bidens-aides/912bfcf1-b3f3-4850-a14d-e8b0bee1ed63/ |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103081200/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1987/09/13/plagiarism-suggestion-angers-bidens-aides/912bfcf1-b3f3-4850-a14d-e8b0bee1ed63/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="lat-speech" /> but did not on two occasions in late August.<ref name="Whose Broad Stripes">{{Cite book|last1=Germond|first1=Jack|url=https://archive.org/details/whosebroadstripe00germ|title=Whose Broad Stripes and Bright Stars? The Trivial Pursuit of the Presidency 1988|last2=Witcover|first2=Jules|publisher=[[Warner Books]]|year=1989|isbn=0-446-51424-1|author-link=Jack Germond|author-link2=Jules Witcover}}</ref>{{rp|230–232}}<ref name="lat-speech">{{Cite news |last1=Risen |first1=James |author-link=James Risen |last2=Shogan |first2=Robert |date=September 16, 1987 |title=Differing Versions Cited on Source of Passages: Biden Facing New Flap Over Speeches |work=Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-09-16-mn-5412-story.html |access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=January 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103081219/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-09-16-mn-5412-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Earlier that year he had also used passages from a 1967 speech by [[Robert F. Kennedy]] (for which his aides took blame) and a short phrase from [[inaugural address of John F. Kennedy|John F. Kennedy's inaugural address]]; two years earlier he had used a 1976 passage by [[Hubert Humphrey]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dowd |first=Maureen |author-link=Maureen Dowd |date=September 16, 1987 |title=Biden Is Facing Growing Debate On His Speeches |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/16/us/biden-is-facing-growing-debate-on-his-speeches.html |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103081135/https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/16/us/biden-is-facing-growing-debate-on-his-speeches.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Biden responded that politicians often borrow from one another without giving credit, and that one of his rivals for the nomination, [[Jesse Jackson]], had called him to point out that he (Jackson) had used the same material by Humphrey that Biden had used.<ref name="aap08-bio" /><ref name="nyt091887">{{Cite news |last=Dionne |first=E. J., Jr. |author-link=E. J. Dionne |date=September 18, 1987 |title=Biden Admits Plagiarism in School But Says It Was Not 'Malevolent' |work=The New York Times|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B0DE3DB143FF93BA2575AC0A961948260 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 20, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110120023426/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B0DE3DB143FF93BA2575AC0A961948260 |url-status=live }}</ref>

A few days later, an incident in law school in which he drew text from a ''[[Fordham Law Review]]'' article with inadequate citations was publicized.<ref name="nyt091887" /> Biden was required to repeat the course and passed with high marks.<ref>{{Cite news |last=May |first=Lee |date=September 18, 1987 |title=Biden Admits Plagiarism in Writing Law School Brief |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |url=http://articles.latimes.com/print/1987-09-18/news/mn-5748_1_law-school |access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=September 11, 2013|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130911001224/http://articles.latimes.com/print/1987-09-18/news/mn-5748_1_law-school |url-status=live }}</ref> At Biden's request the Delaware Supreme Court's Board of Professional Responsibility reviewed the incident and concluded that he had violated no rules.<ref name="nyt-cleared">{{Cite news |date=May 29, 1989 |title=Professional Board Clears Biden In Two Allegations of Plagiarism |work=The New York Times|agency=Associated Press|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DE1DD1230F93AA15756C0A96F948260 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=December 2, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202123351/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DE1DD1230F93AA15756C0A96F948260 |url-status=live }}</ref>

He made several false or exaggerated claims about his early life: that he had earned three degrees in college, that he had attended law school on a full scholarship, that he had graduated in the top half of his class,<ref name="nyt092287">{{Cite news |last=Dionne |first=E. J., Jr. |author-link=E. J. Dionne |date=September 22, 1987 |title=Biden Admits Errors and Criticizes Latest Report |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/22/us/biden-admits-errors-and-criticizes-latest-report.html |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103081243/https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/22/us/biden-admits-errors-and-criticizes-latest-report.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=August 23, 2008 |title=1988 Road to the White House with Sen. Biden |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D1j0FS0Z6ho |access-date=October 3, 2012 |publisher=C-SPAN via YouTube |archive-date=November 14, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081114231347/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D1j0FS0Z6ho |url-status=live }}</ref> and that he had marched in the [[civil rights movement]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Flegenheimer |first=Matt |date=June 3, 2019 |title=Biden's First Run for President Was a Calamity. Some Missteps Still Resonate. |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/03/us/politics/biden-1988-presidential-campaign.html |access-date=June 3, 2019 |archive-date=June 3, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190603140340/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/03/us/politics/biden-1988-presidential-campaign.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The limited amount of other news about the race amplified these revelations<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pomper |first=Gerald M. |url=https://archive.org/details/electionof1988re00pomp/page/37 |title=The Election of 1988 |publisher=Chatham House Publishers |year=1989 |isbn=0-934540-77-2 |page=[https://archive.org/details/electionof1988re00pomp/page/37 37] |chapter=The Presidential Nominations |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/electionof1988re00pomp}}</ref> and on September 23, 1987, Biden withdrew from the race, saying his candidacy had been overrun by "the exaggerated shadow" of his past mistakes.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dionne Jr. |first=E. J. |author-link=E. J. Dionne |date=September 24, 1987 |title=Biden Withdraws Bid for President in Wake of Furor |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/24/us/biden-withdraws-bid-for-president-in-wake-of-furor.html |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=December 21, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171221235355/http://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/24/us/biden-withdraws-bid-for-president-in-wake-of-furor.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Senate Judiciary Committee===
[[File:Biden Crime Bill.jpg|thumb|right|Biden speaking at the signing of the [[1994 Crime Bill]] with President [[Bill Clinton]] in 1994]]

Biden was a longtime member of the [[Senate Committee on the Judiciary]]. He chaired it from 1987 to 1995 and was [[ranking member|ranking minority member]] from 1981 to 1987 and from 1995 to 1997.

As chairman, Biden presided over two highly contentious [[U.S. Supreme Court]] confirmation hearings.<ref name="aap08-bio" /> When [[Robert Bork Supreme Court nomination|Robert Bork was nominated]] in 1988, Biden reversed his approval{{mdashb}}given in an interview the previous year{{mdashb}}of a hypothetical Bork nomination. Conservatives were angered,<ref name="bronner">Bronner, ''Battle for Justice'', pp. 138–139, 214, 305.</ref> but at the hearings' close Biden was praised for his fairness, humor, and courage.<ref name="bronner" /><ref name="nyt-lg-87">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/10/08/us/washington-talk-the-bork-hearings-for-biden-epoch-of-belief-epoch-of-incredulity.html |title=Washington Talk: The Bork Hearings; For Biden: Epoch of Belief, Epoch of Incredulity |last=Greenhouse |first=Linda |newspaper=The New York Times |date=October 8, 1987 |author-link=Linda Greenhouse |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111141909/https://www.nytimes.com/1987/10/08/us/washington-talk-the-bork-hearings-for-biden-epoch-of-belief-epoch-of-incredulity.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Rejecting the arguments of some Bork opponents,<ref name="aap08-bio" /> Biden framed his objections to Bork in terms of the conflict between Bork's strong [[originalism]] and the view that the [[U.S. Constitution]] provides rights to liberty and privacy beyond those explicitly enumerated in its text.<ref name="nyt-lg-87" /> Bork's nomination was rejected in the committee by a 9–5 vote<ref name="nyt-lg-87" /> and then in the full Senate, 58–42.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/10/24/us/senate-s-roll-call-on-the-bork-vote.html|title=Senate's Roll-Call On the Bork Vote|date=October 24, 1987|newspaper=The New York Times|agency=Associated Press|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=January 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103084644/https://www.nytimes.com/1987/10/24/us/senate-s-roll-call-on-the-bork-vote.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

During [[Clarence Thomas Supreme Court nomination|Clarence Thomas's nomination hearings]] in 1991, Biden's questions on constitutional issues were often convoluted to the point that Thomas sometimes lost track of them,<ref name="mayer-abramson">Mayer; Abramson, ''Strange Justice'', p. 213, 218, 336.</ref> and Thomas later wrote that Biden's questions were akin to "[[beanball]]s".<ref name="thomas-vi">{{cite news |title=Clarence Thomas: A Silent Justice Speaks Out: Part VI: Becoming a Judge—and perhaps a Justice |last=Greenburg |first=Jan Crawford |work=[[ABC News]] |date=September 30, 2007 |url=http://www.abcnews.go.com/TheLaw/Story?id=3664944&page=4 |access-date=October 18, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622121644/https://abcnews.go.com/TheLaw/Story?id=3664944&page=4 |archive-date=June 22, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> After the committee hearing closed, the public learned that [[Anita Hill]], a [[University of Oklahoma]] law school professor, had accused Thomas of [[Sexual harassment|making unwelcome sexual comments]] when they had worked together.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=2101289|title=Nina Totenberg, NPR Biography|access-date=May 31, 2008|publisher=NPR|archive-date=April 14, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080414042451/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=2101289|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Excerpt from Nina Totenberg's breaking National Public Radio report on Anita Hill's accusation of sexual harassment by Clarence Thomas.|url=http://jwa.org/feminism/_html/_transcripts/transcript_JWA071a.htm|access-date=October 5, 2008|date=October 6, 1991|publisher=NPR|archive-date=February 21, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221202700/http://jwa.org/feminism/_html/_transcripts/transcript_JWA071a.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Biden had known of some of these charges, but initially shared them only with the committee because Hill was then unwilling to testify.<ref name="aap08-bio" /> The committee hearing was reopened and Hill testified, but Biden did not permit testimony from other witnesses, such as a woman who had made similar charges and experts on harassment,<ref name="nyt-hill">{{cite news |url=https://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/08/23/biden-and-anita-hill-revisited/ |title=Biden and Anita Hill, Revisited |last=Phillips |first=Kate |newspaper=The New York Times |date=August 23, 2008 |access-date=September 12, 2008 |archive-date=September 11, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080911204456/http://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/08/23/biden-and-anita-hill-revisited/ |url-status=live }}</ref> saying he wanted to preserve Thomas's privacy and the hearings' decency.<ref name="mayer-abramson" /><ref name="nyt-hill" /> The full Senate confirmed Thomas by a 52–48 vote, with Biden opposed.<ref name="aap08-bio" /> Liberal legal advocates and women's groups felt strongly that Biden had mishandled the hearings and not done enough to support Hill.<ref name="nyt-hill" /> Biden later sought out women to serve on the Judiciary Committee and emphasized women's issues in the committee's legislative agenda.<ref name="aap08-bio" /> In 2019, he told Hill he regretted his treatment of her, but Hill said afterward she remained unsatisfied.<ref name="NYT-Stolberg-Hulse">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/25/us/politics/joe-biden-anita-hill.html|title=Joe Biden Expresses Regret to Anita Hill, but She Says 'I'm Sorry' Is Not Enough|last1=Stolberg|first1=Sheryl Gay|date=April 25, 2019|work=The New York Times|access-date=April 25, 2019|last2=Martin|first2=Jonathan|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=April 25, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190425205328/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/25/us/politics/joe-biden-anita-hill.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Biden was critical of [[United States Office of the Independent Counsel|Independent Counsel]] [[Ken Starr]] during the 1990s [[Whitewater controversy]] and [[Lewinsky scandal]] investigations, saying "it's going to be a cold day in hell" before another independent counsel would be granted similar powers.<ref>''Almanac of American Politics'' 2000, p. 372.</ref> He voted to acquit during the [[impeachment of President Clinton]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://edition.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1999/02/12/senate.vote/ |title=How the senators voted on impeachment |work=CNN |date=February 12, 1999 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103081326/https://edition.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/stories/1999/02/12/senate.vote/ |url-status=live }}</ref> During the 2000s, Biden sponsored bankruptcy legislation sought by credit card issuers.<ref name="aap08-bio" /> Clinton vetoed the bill in 2000, but it passed in 2005 as the [[Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act]],<ref name="aap08-bio" /> with Biden one of only 18 Democrats to vote for it, while leading Democrats and consumer rights organizations opposed it.<ref>{{cite news|last=Pilkington|first=Ed|date=December 2, 2019|title=How Biden Helped Create the Student Debt Problem He Now Promises to Fix|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/dec/02/joe-biden-student-loan-debt-2005-act-2020|access-date=March 8, 2020|archive-date=March 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200306071514/https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/dec/02/joe-biden-student-loan-debt-2005-act-2020|url-status=live}}</ref> As a senator, Biden strongly supported increased [[Amtrak]] funding and rail security.<ref name="aap08-366" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Verma|first=Pranshu|date=October 24, 2020|title=Biden, an Amtrak Evangelist, Could Be a Lifeline for a Rail Agency in Crisis|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/24/us/biden-amtrak-covid.html|access-date=November 19, 2020|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=November 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119015056/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/24/us/biden-amtrak-covid.html|url-status=live}}</ref>[[File:Bill Clinton and officials on Air Force One.jpg|thumb|left|Senator Biden accompanies President Clinton and other officials to [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] in December 1997]]

===Senate Foreign Relations Committee===
Biden was a longtime member of the [[Senate Foreign Relations Committee]]. He became its ranking minority member in 1997 and chaired it from June 2001 to 2003 and 2007 to 2009.<ref name="aap08-365" /> His positions were generally [[liberal internationalist]].<ref name="nyt-foreign">{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/24/world/americas/24iht-policy.4.15591832.html | title=In Biden, Obama chooses a foreign policy adherent of diplomacy before force | last=Gordon | first=Michael R. | newspaper=The New York Times | date=August 24, 2008 | access-date=November 5, 2009 | author-link=Michael R. Gordon | archive-date=February 27, 2013 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130227192937/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/24/world/americas/24iht-policy.4.15591832.html | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="lat-foreign" /> He collaborated effectively with Republicans and sometimes went against elements of his own party.<ref name="aap08-365" /><ref name="lat-foreign" /> During this time he met with at least 150 leaders from 60 countries and international organizations, becoming a well-known Democratic voice on foreign policy.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/44/2008/09/23/meetings_with_foreign_leaders.html |title=Meetings with Foreign Leaders? Biden's Been There, Done That |last=Kessler |first=Glenn |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=September 23, 2008 |access-date=November 5, 2009 |author-link=Glenn Kessler (journalist) |archive-date=January 12, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112112314/http://voices.washingtonpost.com/44/2008/09/23/meetings_with_foreign_leaders.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Biden voted against authorization for the [[Gulf War]] in 1991,<ref name="lat-foreign">{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-aug-24-na-foreignpol24-story.html |title=Joe Biden respected—if not always popular—for foreign policy record |last1=Richter |first1=Paul |last2=Levey |first2=Noam N. |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=August 24, 2008 |access-date=November 5, 2009 |archive-date=May 2, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502051910/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-aug-24-na-foreignpol24-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> siding with 45 of the 55 Democratic senators; he said the U.S. was bearing almost all the burden in the [[Coalition of the Gulf War|anti-Iraq coalition]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/13/world/confrontation-gulf-congress-acts-authorize-war-gulf-margins-are-5-votes-senate.html |title=Congress Acts to Authorize War in Gulf |last=Clymer |first=Adam |newspaper=The New York Times |date=January 13, 1991 |author-link=Adam Clymer |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103081353/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/13/world/confrontation-gulf-congress-acts-authorize-war-gulf-margins-are-5-votes-senate.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Biden became interested in the [[Yugoslav Wars]] after hearing about [[Serb]] abuses during the [[Croatian War of Independence]] in 1991.<ref name="nyt-foreign" /> Once the [[Bosnian War]] broke out, Biden was among the first to call for the "[[Lift and strike (Bosnia)|lift and strike]]" policy of lifting the arms embargo, training [[Bosnian Muslims]] and supporting them with [[NATO]] air strikes, and investigating [[war crimes]].<ref name="nyt-foreign" /><ref name="aap08-365" /> The [[George H. W. Bush administration]] and [[Clinton administration]] were both reluctant to implement the policy, fearing Balkan entanglement.<ref name="nyt-foreign" /><ref name="lat-foreign" /> In April 1993, Biden spent a week in the Balkans and held a tense three-hour meeting with Serbian leader [[Slobodan Milošević]].<ref name="wapo-bosnia">{{cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/10/06/AR2008100602681.html | title=Biden Played Less Than Key Role in Bosnia Legislation | last=Kessler | first=Glenn | newspaper=The Washington Post | date=October 7, 2008 | access-date=November 5, 2009 | author-link=Glenn Kessler (journalist) | archive-date=August 26, 2009 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090826101923/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/10/06/AR2008100602681.html | url-status=live }}</ref> Biden related that he had told Milošević, "I think you're a damn war criminal and you should be tried as one."<ref name="wapo-bosnia" />

Biden wrote an amendment in 1992 to compel the Bush administration to arm the Bosnians, but deferred in 1994 to a somewhat softer stance the Clinton administration preferred, before signing on the following year to a stronger measure sponsored by [[Bob Dole]] and [[Joe Lieberman]].<ref name="wapo-bosnia" /> The engagement led to a successful NATO peacekeeping effort.<ref name="nyt-foreign" /> Biden has called his role in affecting Balkans policy in the mid-1990s his "proudest moment in public life" related to foreign policy.<ref name="lat-foreign" />

In 1999, during the [[Kosovo War]], Biden supported the [[1999 NATO bombing of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia]].<ref name="nyt-foreign" /> He and Senator [[John McCain]] co-sponsored the McCain-Biden Kosovo Resolution, which called on Clinton to use all necessary force, including ground troops, to confront Milošević over [[Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslav]] actions toward [[Kosovo Albanians|ethnic Albanians]] in [[Kosovo]].<ref name="lat-foreign" /><ref name="wsj082508">{{cite news | url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB121954185485266719 | title=Biden, McCain Have a Friendship—and More—in Common | last=Holmes | first=Elizabeth | newspaper=The Wall Street Journal | date=August 25, 2008 | access-date=November 5, 2009 | archive-date=October 16, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016194520/http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB121954185485266719 | url-status=live }}</ref>

====Wars in Afghanistan and Iraq====
{{Main|War on terror}}
[[File:Joe Biden addresses the press after having a brief meeting with Iraq's interim Prime Minister lyad Allawi.jpg|thumb|right|Biden addresses the press after meeting with Prime Minister [[Ayad Allawi]] in [[Baghdad]] in 2004.]]Biden was a strong supporter of the [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|War in Afghanistan]], saying, "Whatever it takes, we should do it."<ref name="TNR.hawk">{{cite magazine|last1=Crowley|first1=Michael|title=HawkDown|url=https://newrepublic.com/article/politics/hawk-down|magazine=The New Republic|quote=Even before Obama announced his run for president, Biden was warning that Afghanistan, not Iraq, was the 'central front' in the war against Al Qaeda, requiring a major U.S. commitment. 'Whatever it takes, we should do it,' Biden said in February 2002.|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=October 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016194518/http://www.newrepublic.com/article/politics/hawk-down|url-status=live}}</ref> As head of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, he said in 2002 that Iraqi president [[Saddam Hussein]] was a threat to national security and there was no other option than to "eliminate" that threat.<ref name="MTP04292007">{{cite news |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/18381961 |work=[[Meet the Press]] |title=MTP Transcript for April 29, 2007 |first=Tim |last=Russert |publisher=[[NBC News]] |date=April 29, 2007 |page=2 |author-link=Tim Russert |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=December 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208191954/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/18381961 |url-status=live }}</ref> In October 2002, he voted in favor of the [[Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq]], approving the [[U.S. Invasion of Iraq|U.S. invasion of Iraq]].<ref name="lat-foreign" /> As chair of the committee, he assembled a series of witnesses to testify in favor of the authorization. They gave testimony grossly misrepresenting the intent, history, and status of Saddam and his secular government, which was an avowed enemy of [[al Qaida|al-Qaida]], and touted Iraq's fictional possession of [[Weapons of Mass Destruction|weapons of mass destruction]].<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/feb/17/joe-biden-role-iraq-war Joe Biden championed the Iraq war. Will that come back to haunt him now?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109174540/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/feb/17/joe-biden-role-iraq-war |date=January 9, 2021 }}, ''[[The Guardian]]'', [[Mark Weisbrot]], February 17, 2020. Retrieved February 19, 2020.</ref> Biden eventually became a critic of the war and viewed his vote and role as a "mistake", but did not push for withdrawal.<ref name="lat-foreign" /><ref name="wapo-bosnia" /> He supported the appropriations for the occupation, but argued that the war should be internationalized, that more soldiers were needed, and that the Bush administration should "level with the American people" about its cost and length.<ref name="aap08-365">''Almanac of American Politics'' 2008, p. 365.</ref><ref name="wsj082508" />

[[File:Joe Biden, official photo portrait 2.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Official Senate photo, 2005]]
By late 2006, Biden's stance had shifted considerably. He opposed the [[Iraq War troop surge of 2007|troop surge of 2007]],<ref name="lat-foreign" /><ref name="wapo-bosnia" /> saying General [[David Petraeus]] was "dead, flat wrong" in believing the surge could work.<ref name="nytm-traub">{{cite news|last=Traub|first=James|author-link=James Traub|date=November 24, 2009|title=After Cheney |page=MM34 |magazine=[[The New York Times Magazine]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/29/magazine/29Biden-t.html|url-status=live|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103084703/https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/29/magazine/29Biden-t.html|archive-date=January 3, 2021}}</ref> Biden instead advocated dividing Iraq into a loose [[federalism|federation]] of three [[ethnic group|ethnic]] states.<ref name="Divided">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/19/weekinreview/19shanker.html |title=Divided They Stand, but on Graves |first=Thom |last=Shanker |newspaper=The New York Times |date=August 19, 2007 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103081421/https://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/19/weekinreview/19shanker.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In November 2006, Biden and [[Leslie H. Gelb]], president emeritus of the [[Council on Foreign Relations]], released a comprehensive strategy to end [[Civil war in Iraq (2006-07)|sectarian violence in Iraq]].<ref name="LAT20071001">{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-oct-01-fg-iraq1-story.html |first1=Ned |last1=Parker |first2=Raheem |last2=Salman |title=U.S. vote unites Iraqis in anger |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=October 1, 2007 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103081500/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2007-oct-01-fg-iraq1-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Rather than continue the existing approach or withdrawing, the plan called for "a third way": federalizing Iraq and giving [[Kurd]]s, [[Shiite]]s, and [[Sunni Islam|Sunnis]] "breathing room" in their own regions.<ref>[[#Witcover|Witcover (2010)]], pp. 572–573.</ref> In September 2007, a non-binding resolution endorsing the plan passed the Senate,<ref name="LAT20071001" /> but the idea was unfamiliar, had no political constituency, and failed to gain traction.<ref name="nytm-traub" /> Iraq's political leadership denounced the resolution as ''de facto'' partitioning of the country, and the [[U.S. Embassy in Baghdad]] issued a statement distancing itself from it.<ref name="LAT20071001" /> In May 2008, Biden sharply criticized President [[George W. Bush]]'s speech to [[Israel]]'s [[Knesset]] in which Bush compared some Democrats to Western leaders who [[Munich Agreement|appeased Hitler before World War{{nbsp}}II]]; Biden called the speech "bullshit", "malarkey", and "outrageous". He later apologized for his language.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/05/15/bush.dems/index.html |title=Dems fire back at Bush on 'appeasement' statement |last=Henry |first=Ed |work=CNN |date=May 16, 2008 |access-date=September 2, 2008 |archive-date=September 20, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920093550/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/05/15/bush.dems/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

===2008 presidential campaign===
{{Main|Joe Biden 2008 presidential campaign}}
[[File:Sen. Joe Biden attends a Creston house party.jpg|thumb|right|Biden campaigns at a [[Political house party|house party]] in [[Creston, Iowa]], July 2007]]

After exploring the possibility of a run in several previous cycles, in January 2007, Biden declared [[Democratic Party presidential primaries, 2008|his candidacy in the 2008 elections]].<ref name="aap08-366" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2003/ALLPOLITICS/08/11/biden/index.html |title=Sen. Biden not running for president |work=CNN |date=August 12, 2003 |access-date=September 18, 2008 |archive-date=February 9, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209123957/http://edition.cnn.com/2003/ALLPOLITICS/08/11/biden/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/01/31/AR2007013100404.html|title=Biden Stumbles at the Starting Gate|work=The Washington Post|access-date=August 23, 2008|date=January 1, 2007|last=Balz|first=Dan|author-link=Dan Balz|archive-date=October 18, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018123657/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/01/31/AR2007013100404.html|url-status=live}}</ref> During his campaign, Biden focused on the [[Iraq War]], his record as chairman of major Senate committees, and his foreign-policy experience. In mid-2007, Biden stressed his foreign policy expertise compared to Obama's.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/Decision2008/Story?id=3498294&page=1 |title=Transcript: The Democratic Debate |work=[[ABC News]] |date=August 19, 2007 |access-date=September 24, 2008 |archive-date=October 11, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011185127/http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/Decision2008/story?id=3498294&page=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> Biden was noted for his one-liners during the campaign; in one debate he said of Republican candidate [[Rudy Giuliani]]: "There's only three things he mentions in a sentence: a noun, and a verb and 9/11."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.concordmonitor.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20071101/NEWS01/711010358/1043/NEWS01|newspaper=[[Concord Monitor]]|title=A noun, a verb and 9/11|last=Farrell|first=Joelle|access-date=August 23, 2008|date=November 1, 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828010554/http://www.concordmonitor.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F20071101%2FNEWS01%2F711010358%2F1043%2FNEWS01 |archive-date=August 28, 2008}}</ref>

Biden had difficulty raising funds, struggled to draw people to his rallies, and failed to gain traction against the high-profile candidacies of Obama and Senator [[Hillary Clinton]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationaljournal.com/conventions/co_20080825_3122.php |title=Conventions 2008: Sen. Joseph Biden (D) |work=[[National Journal]] |date=August 25, 2008 |access-date=September 16, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080906210353/http://www.nationaljournal.com/conventions/co_20080825_3122.php |archive-date=September 6, 2008 |url-status=dead }}</ref> He never rose above single digits in [[Nationwide opinion polling for the Democratic Party 2008 presidential candidates|national polls of the Democratic candidates]]. In the first contest on January 3, 2008, Biden placed fifth in the [[Iowa Democratic caucuses, 2008|Iowa caucuses]], garnering slightly less than one percent of the state delegates.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.iowacaucusresults.com/ | title=Iowa Democratic Party Caucus Results | publisher=[[Iowa Democratic Party]] | access-date=August 29, 2008 | archive-date=April 15, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415000251/http://www.iowacaucusresults.com/ | url-status=live }}</ref> He withdrew from the race that evening.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/01/04/AR2008010400260.html |title=Biden, Dodd Withdraw From Race |last=Murray |first=Shailagh |work=The Washington Post |date=January 4, 2008 |access-date=August 29, 2008 |archive-date=May 20, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080520022844/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/01/04/AR2008010400260.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Despite its lack of success, Biden's 2008 campaign raised his stature in the political world.<ref name="gamechange">{{Cite book|last1=Heilemann|first1=John|title=Game Change: Obama and the Clintons, McCain and Palin, and the Race of a Lifetime|title-link=Game Change|last2=Halperin|first2=Mark|publisher=HarperCollins|year=2010|isbn=978-0-06-173363-5|location=New York|author-link=John Heilemann|author-link2=Mark Halperin}}</ref>{{rp|336}} In particular, it changed the relationship between Biden and Obama. Although they had served together on the [[Senate Foreign Relations Committee]], they had not been close: Biden resented Obama's quick rise to political stardom,<ref name="nytm-traub" /><ref name="wolffe-218">Wolffe, ''Renegade'', p. 218.</ref> while Obama viewed Biden as garrulous and patronizing.<ref name="gamechange" />{{rp|28, 337–338}} Having gotten to know each other during 2007, Obama appreciated Biden's campaign style and appeal to working-class voters, and Biden said he became convinced Obama was "the real deal".<ref name="wolffe-218" /><ref name="gamechange" />{{rp|28, 337–338}}

==2008 vice-presidential campaign==
{{Main|Barack Obama 2008 presidential campaign|2008 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection}}
[[File:Biden Obama 3b.jpg|thumb|Biden speaks at the August 23, 2008, vice presidential announcement at the [[Old State Capitol State Historic Site|Old State Capitol]] in [[Springfield, Illinois]]]]

Shortly after Biden withdrew from the presidential race, Obama privately told him he was interested in finding an important place for Biden in his administration.<ref name="ny-lizza">{{cite news |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2008/10/20/bidens-brief |title=Biden's Brief |last=Lizza |first=Ryan |work=The New Yorker |date=October 20, 2008 |access-date=November 24, 2008 |author-link=Ryan Lizza}}</ref> Biden declined Obama's first request to vet him for the vice-presidential slot, fearing the vice presidency would represent a loss in status and voice from his Senate position, but he later changed his mind.<ref name="nytm-traub" /><ref name="pol091609">{{cite news|last=Cummings|first=Jeanne|date=September 16, 2009|title=Joe Biden, 'the skunk at the family picnic'|publisher=[[The Politico]]|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2009/09/the-skunk-at-the-family-picnic-027211|access-date=September 17, 2009}}</ref> In early August, Obama and Biden met in secret to discuss the possibility,<ref name="ny-lizza" /> and developed a strong personal rapport.<ref name="wolffe-218" /> On August 22, 2008, Obama announced that Biden would be his [[running mate]].<ref>{{cite news |agency=Associated Press |title=Obama's veep message to supporters |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/23/AR2008082300455.html |first=Jose Antonio |last=Vargas |work=The Washington Post |date=August 23, 2008 |access-date=August 23, 2008 }}</ref> ''The New York Times'' reported that the strategy behind the choice reflected a desire to fill out the ticket with someone with [[foreign policy]] and [[national security]] experience—and not to help the ticket win a [[swing state]] or to emphasize Obama's "change" message.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Adam |last1=Nagourney |author-link=Adam Nagourney |first2=Jeff|last2=Zeleny |title=Obama Chooses Biden as Running Mate |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/24/us/politics/24biden.html |work=The New York Times |date=August 23, 2008 |access-date=August 23, 2008 }}</ref> Others pointed out Biden's appeal to middle-class and [[blue-collar]] voters, as well as his willingness to aggressively challenge Republican nominee [[John McCain]] in a way that Obama seemed uncomfortable doing at times.<ref>{{cite news|first=E.J. |last=Dionne |title=Tramps Like Us: How Joe Biden will reassure working class voters and change the tenor of this week's convention |url=https://newrepublic.com/article/62212/tramps-us |work=[[The New Republic]] |date=August 25, 2008 |access-date=August 25, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080828210626/http://tnr.com/politics/story.html?id=2ecbd0b9-c2c4-44d7-824a-603b4a418c74 |archive-date=August 28, 2008 }}</ref><ref>Wolffe, ''Renegade'', p. 217.</ref> In accepting Obama's offer, Biden ruled out running for president again in 2016,<ref name="ny-lizza" /> but his comments in later years seemed to back off that stance, as he did not want to diminish his political power by appearing uninterested in advancement.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://blogs.abcnews.com/politicalpunch/2009/06/vp-biden-keeping-the-door-open-for-2016-.html|title= VP Biden Keeping the Door Open for 2016? |last=Travers |first=Karen |date= June 25, 2009|work= [[Political Punch]]|publisher= [[ABC News]]|access-date= October 14, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101017172435/http://blogs.abcnews.com/politicalpunch/2009/06/vp-biden-keeping-the-door-open-for-2016-.html|archive-date= October 17, 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2011/10/21/biden-in-2016/ |title=Biden in 2016? |work=CNN |date=October 21, 2011 |access-date=October 29, 2011}}</ref><ref name="nyt0508122" /> Biden was officially nominated for vice president on August 27 by voice vote at the [[2008 Democratic National Convention]] in [[Denver, Colorado|Denver]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://newsblaze.com/usnews/politics/democrats-formally-nominate-barack-obama-for-u-s-presidency_60148/ |title=Democrats Formally Nominate Barack Obama for U.S. Presidency |first=Alan |last=Gray |publisher=NewsBlaze|date=August 29, 2008}}</ref>

Biden's vice-presidential campaigning gained little media visibility, as far greater press attention was focused on the Republican running mate, [[List of Governors of Alaska|Alaska Governor]] [[Sarah Palin]].<ref name="nyt-no2">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/20/us/politics/20biden.html |title=Meanwhile, the Other No. 2 Keeps On Punching |last=Leibovich |first=Mark |work=The New York Times |date=September 19, 2008 |access-date=September 20, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://blogs.abcnews.com/politicalpunch/2008/09/joe-who.html |title=Joe Who? |last=Tapper |first=Jake |work=[[ABC News]] |date=September 14, 2008 |access-date=September 15, 2008 |author-link=Jake Tapper |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915055913/http://blogs.abcnews.com/politicalpunch/2008/09/joe-who.html |archive-date=September 15, 2008 }}</ref> During one week in September 2008, for instance, the [[Pew Research Center]]'s [[Project for Excellence in Journalism]] found that Biden was included in only five percent of coverage of the race, far less than the other three candidates on the tickets received.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.journalism.org/2008/09/15/pej-campaign-coverage-index-september-8-14-2008/ |title=Northern Exposure Still Dominates the News |publisher=[[Pew Research Center]] |last=Jurkowitz |first=Mark |date=September 14, 2008 |access-date=November 24, 2008}}</ref> Biden nevertheless focused on campaigning in economically challenged areas of [[swing state]]s and trying to win over blue-collar Democrats, especially those who had supported [[Hillary Clinton]].<ref name="nytm-traub" /><ref name="nyt-no2" /> Biden attacked McCain heavily despite a long-standing personal friendship.{{refn|group=n| Biden admired McCain politically as well as personally. In May 2004, he had urged McCain to run as vice president with presumptive Democratic presidential nominee [[John Kerry]], saying the cross-party ticket would help heal the "vicious rift" in U.S. politics.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/4961694 |title=McCain Urged to Join Kerry Ticket |agency=[[Reuters]] |work=[[NBC News]] |date=May 16, 2004}}</ref>}} He said, "That guy I used to know, he's gone. It literally saddens me."<ref name="nyt-no2" /> As the [[financial crisis of 2007–2010]] reached a peak with the [[financial crisis of 2007–2010|liquidity crisis of September 2008]] and the [[Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008|proposed bailout of the United States financial system]] became a major factor in the campaign, Biden voted in favor of the $700{{nbsp}}billion [[HR1424|Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008]], which went on to pass in the Senate 74–25.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.ny1.com/content/features/86538/senate-passes-economic-rescue-package/Default.aspx |title=Senate Passes Economic Rescue Package |publisher=[[NY1]] |date=October 1, 2008 |access-date=October 2, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081005022401/http://www.ny1.com/content/features/86538/senate-passes-economic-rescue-package/Default.aspx |archive-date=October 5, 2008 }}</ref>

On October 2, 2008, Biden participated in the [[United States vice-presidential debate, 2008|vice-presidential debate]] with Palin at [[Washington University in St. Louis]]. Post-debate polls found that while Palin exceeded many voters' expectations, Biden had won the debate overall.<ref>[[#Witcover|Witcover (2010)]], pp. 655–661.</ref> During the campaign's final days, he focused on less populated, older, less well-off areas of battleground states, especially Florida, Ohio, and Pennsylvania, where polling indicated he was popular and where Obama had not campaigned or performed well in the Democratic primaries.<ref name="nyt103008">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/31/us/politics/31biden.html |title=Hitting the Backroads, and Having Less to Say |last=Broder |first=John M. |newspaper=The New York Times |date=October 30, 2008 |access-date=October 31, 2008}}</ref><ref name="time102908" /><ref name="pol110308">{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2008/11/where-have-you-gone-joe-biden-015205 |title=Where have you gone, Joe Biden? |last=McGrane |first=Victoria |newspaper=[[Politico]] |date=November 3, 2008 |access-date=November 3, 2008}}</ref> He also campaigned in some normally Republican states, as well as in areas with large Catholic populations.<ref name="pol110308" />

Under instructions from the campaign, Biden kept his speeches succinct and tried to avoid offhand remarks, such as one he made about Obama's being tested by a foreign power soon after taking office, which had attracted negative attention.<ref name="nyt103008" /><ref name="time102908">{{cite news |url=https://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1855355,00.html |title=Hidin' Biden: Reining In a Voluble No. 2 |last=Tumulty |first=Karen |magazine=Time |date=October 29, 2008 |access-date=November 1, 2008}}</ref> Privately, Biden's remarks frustrated Obama. "How many times is Biden gonna say something stupid?" he asked.<ref name="gamechange" />{{rp|411–414, 419}} Obama campaign staffers referred to Biden blunders as "Joe bombs" and kept Biden uninformed about strategy discussions, which in turn irked Biden.<ref name="nyt0508122" /> Relations between the two campaigns became strained for a month, until Biden apologized on a call to Obama and the two built a stronger partnership.<ref name="gamechange" />{{rp|411–414}} Publicly, Obama strategist [[David Axelrod (political consultant)|David Axelrod]] said Biden's high popularity ratings had outweighed any unexpected comments.<ref>{{cite news |title=Biden reliable running mate despite gaffes |url=https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/144631311/ |agency=[[Associated Press]] |newspaper=[[Asbury Park Press]] |date=October 26, 2008}}</ref> Nationally, Biden had a 60% favorability rating in a [[Pew Research Center]] poll, compared to Palin's 44%.<ref name="nyt103008" />

On November 4, 2008, Obama and Biden were elected with 53% of the popular vote and 365 [[Electoral College (United States)|electoral votes]] to McCain–Palin's 173.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/11/04/election.president/index.html |title=Barack Obama wins presidential election |work=CNN |access-date=November 5, 2008|date=November 4, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Franke-Ruta |first=Garance |url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/the-trail/2008/11/19/mccain_takes_missouri.html |title=McCain Takes Missouri |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=November 19, 2008 |access-date=November 19, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://edition.cnn.com/ELECTION/2008/results/president/ |title=President—Election Center 2008 |work=CNN |access-date=November 19, 2008}}</ref>

At the same time Biden was running for vice president he was also running for reelection to the Senate,<ref name="ap082408">{{cite news |url=https://www.foxnews.com/wires/2008Aug24/0,4670,CVNBidenTwoCampaigns,00.html |title=Biden Wages 2 Campaigns At Once |agency=Associated Press |date=August 24, 2008 |access-date=August 29, 2008 |first=Randall |last=Chase |publisher=Fox News}}</ref> as permitted by Delaware law.<ref name="aap08-366">''Almanac of American Politics'' 2008, p. 366.</ref> On November{{nbsp}}4, he was [[2008 United States Senate election in Delaware|reelected]] to the Senate, defeating Republican [[Christine O'Donnell]].<ref name="ap110408">{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/politics/2008-11-04-420465768_x.htm |title=Biden wins 7th Senate term but may not serve |last=Nuckols |first=Ben |agency=Associated Press |newspaper=USA Today |date=November 4, 2008 |access-date=February 6, 2009}}</ref> Having won both races, Biden made a point of waiting to resign from the Senate until he was sworn in for his seventh term on January 6, 2009.<ref name="dnj010709">{{cite news|url=http://www.delawareonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2009901070333 |title=A bittersweet oath for Biden |last=Gaudiano |first=Nicole |work=[[The News Journal]] |date=January 7, 2009 |access-date=February 7, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090212100305/http://www.delawareonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2009901070333 |archive-date=February 12, 2009 }}</ref> He became the youngest senator ever to start a seventh full term, and said, "In all my life, the greatest honor bestowed upon me has been serving the people of Delaware as their United States senator."<ref name="dnj010709" /> Biden cast his last Senate vote on January 15, supporting the release of the second $350{{nbsp}}billion for the [[Troubled Asset Relief Program]],<ref>{{cite news |first=Trish |last=Turner |agency=Associated Press |url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/senate-releases-350-billion-in-bailout-funds-to-obama |title=Senate Releases $350 Billion in Bailout Funds to Obama |work=Fox News |date=January 15, 2009 |access-date=January 25, 2009 }}</ref> and [[resignation from the United States Senate|resigned from the Senate]] later that day.{{refn|group=n| Delaware's Democratic governor, [[Ruth Ann Minner]], announced on November 24, 2008, that she would appoint Biden's longtime senior adviser [[Ted Kaufman]] to succeed Biden in the Senate.<ref name="bloom112408" /> Kaufman said he would serve only two years, until [[United States Senate special election in Delaware, 2010|Delaware's special Senate election in 2010]].<ref name="bloom112408">{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=apZPaTS_UmpM |title=Kaufman Picked by Governor to Fill Biden Senate Seat (Update 3) |last=Milford |first=Phil |publisher=[[Bloomberg News]] |date=November 24, 2008 |access-date=November 24, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081116003829/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087 |archive-date=November 16, 2008 }}</ref> Biden's son [[Beau Biden|Beau]] ruled himself out of the 2008 selection process due to his impending tour in Iraq with the [[Delaware Army National Guard]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/blogs/scorecard/1108/Minner_appoints_Ted_Kaufman_to_Biden_seat.html |title=Ted Kaufman to succeed Biden in Senate |last=Kraushaar |first=Josh |publisher=[[Politico]] |date=November 24, 2008 |access-date=November 24, 2008}}</ref> He was a possible candidate for the 2010 special election, but in early 2010 said he would not run for the seat.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/01/25/bidens-son-will-not-run-for-delaware-senate-seat/ |title=Biden's Son Will Not Run for Delaware's Open Senate Seat |last=Hulse |first=Carl |newspaper=The New York Times |date=January 25, 2010 |access-date=January 25, 2010}}</ref>}} In an emotional farewell, Biden told the Senate: "Every good thing I have seen happen here, every bold step taken in the 36-plus years I have been here, came not from the application of pressure by interest groups, but through the maturation of personal relationships."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/01/15/biden-and-clinton-say-goodbye-to-senate |title=Biden and Clinton Say Goodbye to Senate |last=Becker |first=Bernie |newspaper=The New York Times |date=January 15, 2009 |access-date=January 25, 2009}}</ref> Delaware Governor [[Ruth Ann Minner]] appointed longtime Biden adviser [[Ted Kaufman]] to fill Biden's vacated Senate seat.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ballotpedia.org/Ted_Kaufman|title=Ted Kaufman|website=Ballotpedia|access-date=April 25, 2020}}</ref>

==Vice president (2009–2017)==
[[File:Joe Biden sworn in 1-20-09 hires 090120-N-0696M-204a.jpg|thumb|left|Biden being sworn in as vice president on January 20, 2009]]

===First term (2009–2013)===
Biden said he intended to eliminate some explicit roles assumed by George W. Bush's vice president, [[Dick Cheney]], and did not intend to emulate any previous vice presidency.<ref name="lkl122208">{{cite news |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/12/22/biden.lkl/index.html |title=Biden says he'll be different vice president |work=CNN |date=December 22, 2008 |access-date=December 22, 2008 |archive-date=December 24, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081224093055/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/12/22/biden.lkl/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> He chaired Obama's transition team<ref>{{cite news |title=Biden picks former Gore aide as chief of staff |work=Reuters |date=November 13, 2008 |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSTRE4AC5EA20081113 |access-date=November 13, 2008 |first=Steve |last=Holland |archive-date=January 3, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090103152957/http://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSTRE4AC5EA20081113 |url-status=live }}</ref> and headed an initiative to improve middle-class economic well-being.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Hornick|first1=Ed|last2=Levs|first2=Josh|date=December 21, 2008|title=What Obama promised Biden|work=CNN|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/12/21/transition.wrap/index.html|access-date=December 23, 2008|archive-date=December 24, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081224052111/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/12/21/transition.wrap/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In early January 2009, in his last act as chairman of the Foreign Relations Committee, he visited the leaders of [[Iraq]], Afghanistan and [[Pakistan]],<ref>{{cite news|last=Lee|first=Carol E.|date=January 6, 2009|title='Senator' Biden's trip raises concerns|work=[[Politico]]|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2009/01/senator-bidens-trip-raises-concerns-017136|access-date=January 9, 2009|archive-date=October 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016194519/http://www.politico.com/story/2009/01/senator-bidens-trip-raises-concerns-017136|url-status=live}}</ref> and on January 20 he was sworn in as the 47th [[vice president of the United States]]<ref>{{cite news|date=January 20, 2009|title=In culminating moment, Biden is vice president|work=[[OregonLive.com]]|agency=[[Associated Press]]|url=https://www.oregonlive.com/politics/2009/01/in_culminating_moment_biden_is.html|access-date=July 27, 2016|archive-date=January 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200101194210/https://www.oregonlive.com/politics/2009/01/in_culminating_moment_biden_is.html|url-status=live}}</ref>{{mdashb}}the first vice president from Delaware<ref>{{cite news|date=November 3, 2008|title=Think you know your election trivia?|work=CNN|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/11/03/election.trivia/index.html|access-date=November 9, 2008|archive-date=November 6, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081106075757/http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/11/03/election.trivia/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and the first [[Roman Catholic]] vice president.<ref name="npr2008">{{cite news|date=January 9, 2009|title=The First Catholic Vice President?|agency=[[NPR]]|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/politicaljunkie/2009/01/the_first_catholic_vice_presid.html|access-date=September 25, 2019|archive-date=September 25, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925060421/https://www.npr.org/sections/politicaljunkie/2009/01/the_first_catholic_vice_presid.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Gaudiano|first=Nicole|date=November 6, 2008|title=VP's home awaits if Biden chooses|work=[[The News Journal]]|url=http://www.delawareonline.com/article/20081106/NEWS02/811060379|url-status=dead|access-date=November 8, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081109060406/http://www.delawareonline.com/article/20081106/NEWS02/811060379|archive-date=November 9, 2008}}</ref>

Obama was soon comparing Biden to a basketball player "who does a bunch of things that don't show up in the stat sheet".<ref name="nyt032809">{{cite news|last=Leibovich|first=Mark|date=March 28, 2009|title=Speaking Freely, Biden Finds Influential Role|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/29/us/politics/29biden.html|access-date=March 31, 2009|archive-date=April 1, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090401232903/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/29/us/politics/29biden.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In May, Biden visited Kosovo and affirmed the U.S. position that its "independence is irreversible".<ref name="Chun9194">{{cite journal|last=Chun|first=Kwang-Ho|title=Kosovo: A New European Nation-State?|url=http://s-space.snu.ac.kr/bitstream/10371/96517/1/5.Kosovo-A-New-European-Nation-State_Kwang-ho-Chun.pdf|journal=Journal of International and Area Studies|volume=18|issue=1|year=2011|pages=91, 94|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=January 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103082124/https://s-space.snu.ac.kr/bitstream/10371/96517/1/5.Kosovo-A-New-European-Nation-State_Kwang-ho-Chun.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Biden lost an internal debate to Secretary of State [[Hillary Clinton]] about sending 21,000 new troops to [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|Afghanistan]],<ref>{{cite news|last=Dilanian|first=Ken|date=June 11, 2009|title=In a supporting role, Clinton takes a low-key approach at State Dept.|work=USA Today|url=https://www.usatoday.com/printedition/news/20090611/1aclinton11_cv.art.htm|access-date=July 22, 2009|archive-date=May 16, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110516020144/http://www.usatoday.com/printedition/news/20090611/1aclinton11_cv.art.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Smith|first=Ben|date=June 23, 2009|title=Hillary Clinton toils in the shadows|work=[[Politico]]|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2009/06/clinton-toils-in-the-shadows-024067|access-date=July 22, 2009|archive-date=September 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150916005405/http://www.politico.com/story/2009/06/clinton-toils-in-the-shadows-024067|url-status=live}}</ref> but his skepticism was valued,<ref name="pol091609" /> and in 2009, Biden's views gained more influence as Obama reconsidered his Afghanistan strategy.<ref name="nw-cov-1010092">{{cite news|last1=Bailey|first1=Holly|last2=Thomas|first2=Evan|author-link2=Evan Thomas|date=October 10, 2009|title=An Inconvenient Truth Teller|magazine=[[Newsweek]]|url=https://www.newsweek.com/joe-biden-white-house-truth-teller-81181|access-date=November 6, 2009|archive-date=November 23, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131123063731/http://www.newsweek.com/joe-biden-white-house-truth-teller-81181|url-status=live}}</ref> Biden visited Iraq about every two months,<ref name="nytm-traub" /> becoming the administration's point man in delivering messages to Iraqi leadership about expected progress there.<ref name="pol091609" /> More generally, overseeing Iraq policy became Biden's responsibility: Obama was said to have said, "Joe, you do Iraq."<ref>{{cite news|last=Osnos|first=Evan|authorlink=Evan Osnos|date=August 12, 2014|title=Breaking Up: Maliki and Biden|work=The New Yorker|url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/breaking-maliki-biden|access-date=August 26, 2015|archive-date=October 2, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151002053443/http://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/breaking-maliki-biden|url-status=live}}</ref> Biden said Iraq "could be one of the great achievements of this administration".<ref>{{cite news|date=February 11, 2010|title=Vice President Biden: Iraq "Could Be One of the Great Achievements of This Administration"|work=[[ABC News]]|url=https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2010/02/vice-president-biden-iraq-could-be-one-of-the-great-achievements-of-this-administration/|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=February 23, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150223113546/http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2010/02/vice-president-biden-iraq-could-be-one-of-the-great-achievements-of-this-administration/|url-status=live}}</ref> His January 2010 visit to Iraq in the midst of turmoil over banned candidates from the [[Iraqi parliamentary election, 2010|upcoming Iraqi parliamentary election]] resulted in 59 of the several hundred candidates being reinstated by the Iraqi government two days later.<ref>{{cite news|date=January 25, 2010|title=Iraq reinstates 59 election candidates|agency=[[Agence France-Presse]]|url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5iJGz55dJrnOzzejqmBj6QTolyydg|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=March 20, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130320192516/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5iJGz55dJrnOzzejqmBj6QTolyydg|url-status=live}}</ref> By 2012, Biden had made eight trips there, but his oversight of U.S. policy in Iraq receded with the exit of U.S. troops in 2011.<ref name="time-mo" /><ref>{{cite news|last=Crowley|first=Michael|date=November 9, 2014|title=The war over President Obama's new war in Iraq|work=[[Politico]]|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2014/11/president-obama-war-iraq-112730|access-date=August 26, 2015|archive-date=October 13, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151013002931/http://www.politico.com/story/2014/11/president-obama-war-iraq-112730|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:President Barack Obama and Vice President Joe Biden shake hands in the Oval Office following a phone call with House Speaker John Boehner securing a bipartisan deal to reduce the nation's deficit and avoid default.jpg|thumb|right|President Obama congratulates Biden for his role in shaping the [[United States debt ceiling|debt ceiling]] deal which led to the [[Budget Control Act of 2011]]]]

Biden oversaw [[American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009#Infrastructure Investment|infrastructure spending from the Obama stimulus package]] intended to help counteract the [[Late-2000s recession|ongoing recession]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Scherer|first=Michael|date=July 1, 2009|title=What Happened to the Stimulus?|work=Time|url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1908417,00.html|access-date=July 8, 2009|archive-date=January 9, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140109095116/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1908417,00.html|url-status=live}}</ref> During this period, Biden was satisfied that no major instances of waste or corruption had occurred,<ref name="pol091609" /> and when he completed that role in February 2011, he said the number of fraud incidents with stimulus monies had been less than one percent.<ref>{{cite news|last=Travers|first=Karen|date=February 17, 2011|title='Sheriff Joe' Biden Touts Recovery Act Success—and Hands Over His Badge|work=[[ABC News]]|url=http://blogs.abcnews.com/politicalpunch/2011/02/sheriff-joe-biden-touts-recovery-act-success-and-hands-over-his-badge.html|url-status=dead|access-date=March 19, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110221153327/http://blogs.abcnews.com/politicalpunch/2011/02/sheriff-joe-biden-touts-recovery-act-success-and-hands-over-his-badge.html|archive-date=February 21, 2011}}</ref>

In late April 2009, Biden's off-message response to a question during the beginning of the [[2009 flu pandemic|swine flu outbreak]], that he would advise family members against traveling on airplanes or subways, led to a swift retraction by the White House.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Silva|first1=Mark|last2=Parsons|first2=Christi|date=May 1, 2009|title=White House adjusts Biden's swine flu advice|work=Los Angeles Times|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-may-01-na-biden1-story.html|access-date=May 28, 2009|archive-date=October 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191009170032/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-may-01-na-biden1-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The remark revived Biden's reputation for [[Political gaffe|gaffes]].<ref>{{cite news|date=May 1, 2009|title=White House tempers Biden's swine flu advice|work=[[The Boston Globe]]|url=https://www.boston.com/news/health/articles/2009/05/01/white_house_tempers_bidens_swine_flu_advice/|url-status=dead|access-date=May 28, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090505114058/http://www.boston.com/news/health/articles/2009/05/01/white_house_tempers_bidens_swine_flu_advice/|archive-date=May 5, 2009}}</ref><ref name="nw-cov-1010092"/><ref>{{cite news|last=Kurtzman|first=Daniel|date=May 8, 2009|title=The Week's Best Late-Night Jokes|publisher=[[About.com]]|url=https://www.liveabout.com/late-night-political-jokes-2733896|access-date=May 28, 2009|archive-date=June 11, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190611193402/https://www.liveabout.com/late-night-political-jokes-2733896|url-status=live}}</ref> Confronted with rising unemployment through July 2009, Biden acknowledged that the administration had "misread how bad the economy was" but maintained confidence the stimulus package would create many more jobs once the pace of expenditures picked up.<ref>{{cite news|date=July 5, 2009|title=Biden: 'We misread how bad the economy was'|work=[[NBC News]]|agency=[[Associated Press]]|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/31745563|access-date=July 9, 2009|archive-date=December 17, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217104812/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/31745563/|url-status=live}}</ref> On March 23, 2010, a microphone picked up Biden telling the president that his signing the [[Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act]] was "a big fucking deal" during live national news telecasts. Despite their different personalities, Obama and Biden formed a friendship, partly based around Obama's daughter Sasha and Biden's granddaughter Maisy, who attended [[Sidwell Friends School]] together.<ref name="nyt0508122">{{cite news|last=Leibovich|first=Mark|date=May 8, 2012|title=For a Blunt Biden, an Uneasy Supporting Role|page=1|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/08/us/politics/for-a-blunt-biden-an-uneasy-supporting-role.html|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=January 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103081748/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/08/us/politics/for-a-blunt-biden-an-uneasy-supporting-role.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Members of the Obama administration said Biden's role in the White House was to be a contrarian and force others to defend their positions.<ref name=":32">{{Cite news|last=Baker|first=Peter|date=April 28, 2019|title=Biden and Obama's 'Odd Couple' Relationship Aged Into Family Ties|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/28/us/politics/barack-obama-biden.html|access-date=April 26, 2020|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=June 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606093422/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/28/us/politics/barack-obama-biden.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Rahm Emanuel]], White House chief of staff, said that Biden helped counter [[groupthink]].<ref name="nyt032809" /> White House press secretary [[Jay Carney]], Biden's former communications director, said Biden played the role of "the bad guy in the Situation Room".<ref name=":32" /> Another senior Obama advisor said Biden "is always prepared to be the skunk at the family picnic to make sure we are as intellectually honest as possible."<ref name="pol091609" /> Obama said, "The best thing about Joe is that when we get everybody together, he really forces people to think and defend their positions, to look at things from every angle, and that is very valuable for me."<ref name="pol091609" /> The Bidens maintained a relaxed atmosphere at their [[Number One Observatory Circle|official residence]] in Washington, often entertaining their grandchildren, and regularly returned to their home in Delaware.<ref name="pol-regular">{{cite news|last=Parnes|first=Amie|date=June 28, 2011|title=Joe and Jill Biden's 'regular' lives|newspaper=[[Politico]]|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2011/06/the-bidens-regular-lives-057887|access-date=June 28, 2011|archive-date=October 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016194519/http://www.politico.com/story/2011/06/the-bidens-regular-lives-057887|url-status=live}}</ref>

Biden campaigned heavily for Democrats in the [[United States elections, 2010|2010 midterm elections]], maintaining an attitude of optimism in the face of predictions of large-scale losses for the party.<ref name="nyt1013102">{{cite news|last=Stolberg|first=Sheryl Gay|date=October 12, 2010|title=Vice President Tries to Energize Democrats|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/13/us/politics/13biden.html|access-date=October 14, 2010|archive-date=October 28, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101028044617/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/13/us/politics/13biden.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Following big Republican gains in the elections and the departure of White House chief of staff [[Rahm Emanuel]], Biden's past relationships with Republicans in Congress became more important.<ref name="pol1209102">{{cite news|last1=Lee|first1=Carol E.|last2=Bresnahan|first2=John|date=December 9, 2010|title=Joe Biden expands role as White House link to Congress|newspaper=[[Politico]]|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2010/12/biden-steps-into-rahms-shoes-046173|access-date=December 10, 2010|archive-date=October 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016194519/http://www.politico.com/story/2010/12/biden-steps-into-rahms-shoes-046173|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="nyt1211102">{{cite news|last=Cooper|first=Helene|date=December 11, 2010|title=As the Ground Shifts, Biden Plays a Bigger Role|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/12/us/politics/12biden.html|access-date=December 13, 2010|archive-date=December 13, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101213044241/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/12/us/politics/12biden.html|url-status=live}}</ref> He led the successful administration effort to gain Senate approval for the [[New START treaty]].<ref name="pol1209102" /><ref name="nyt1211102" /> In December 2010, Biden's advocacy for a middle ground, followed by his negotiations with Senate minority leader [[Mitch McConnell]], were instrumental in producing the administration's compromise tax package that included a temporary [[extension of the Bush tax cuts]].<ref name="nyt1211102" /><ref>{{Cite news|last1=Hulse|first1=Carl|last2=Calmes|first2=Jackie|date=December 7, 2010|title=Biden and G.O.P. Leader Helped Hammer Out Bipartisan Tax Accord|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/08/us/politics/08deal.html|access-date=December 8, 2010|archive-date=December 8, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101208043606/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/08/us/politics/08deal.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Biden then took the lead in trying to sell the agreement to a reluctant Democratic caucus in Congress.<ref name="nyt1211102" /><ref>{{cite news|last1=Herszenhorn|first1=David M.|last2=Stolberg|first2=Sheryl Gay|date=December 7, 2010|title=Democrats Skeptical of Obama on New Tax Plan|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/08/us/politics/08cong.html|access-date=December 8, 2010|archive-date=May 20, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520053117/http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/08/us/politics/08cong.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The package passed as the [[Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010]].

In March 2011, Obama delegated Biden to lead negotiations with Congress to resolve federal spending levels for the rest of the year and avoid a government shutdown.<ref>{{cite news|date=March 2, 2011|title=Obama Welcomes Budget Deal; Biden to Lead Talks|publisher=[[CNBC]]|agency=Reuters|url=https://www.cnbc.com/id/41870549|url-status=dead|access-date=March 9, 2011|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120729195403/http://www.cnbc.com/id/41870549|archive-date=July 29, 2012}}</ref> By May 2011, a "Biden panel" with six congressional members was trying to reach a bipartisan deal on raising the [[United States public debt|U.S. debt ceiling]] as part of an overall [[Government budget deficit|deficit reduction]] plan.<ref>{{cite news|last=Reid|first=Tim|date=May 16, 2011|title=Q+A: Debt and deficit talks in early stages|work=[[Reuters]]|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2011/05/16/us-usa-debt-talks-idUSTRE74F26V20110516|access-date=May 17, 2011|archive-date=May 20, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110520004749/http://www.reuters.com/article/2011/05/16/us-usa-debt-talks-idUSTRE74F26V20110516|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Gaudiano|first=Nicole|date=May 4, 2011|title=Biden tasked with achieving consensus on cutting deficit|newspaper=[[The News Journal]]|url=http://www.delawareonline.com/article/20110505/NEWS02/105050326/Biden-tasked-achieving-consensus-cutting-deficit?odyssey=tab%7Ctopnews%7Ctext%7CHome|access-date=May 17, 2011}}{{Dead link|date=January 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The [[United States debt-ceiling crisis of 2011|U.S. debt ceiling crisis]] developed over the next few months, but Biden's relationship with McConnell again proved key in breaking a deadlock and bringing about a deal to resolve it, in the form of the [[Budget Control Act of 2011]], signed on August 2, 2011, the same day an unprecedented [[Sovereign default|U.S. default]] had loomed.<ref name="pol-bca2">{{cite news|last1=Thrush|first1=Glenn|last2=Brown|first2=Carrie Budoff|last3=Raju|first3=Manu|last4=Bresnahan|first4=John|date=August 2, 2011|title=Joe Biden, Mitch McConnell and the making of a debt deal|newspaper=[[Politico]]|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2011/08/biden-mcconnell-and-the-making-of-a-deal-060463|access-date=August 4, 2011|archive-date=September 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150922144250/http://www.politico.com/story/2011/08/biden-mcconnell-and-the-making-of-a-deal-060463|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="ap-bca2">{{cite news|date=August 3, 2011|title=The real drama was in private as debt deal hatched|work=[[Fox News]]|agency=[[Associated Press]]|url=https://www.foxnews.com/us/the-real-drama-was-in-private-as-debt-deal-hatched|access-date=August 4, 2011|archive-date=December 30, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230142752/https://www.foxnews.com/us/the-real-drama-was-in-private-as-debt-deal-hatched|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Bohan|first1=Caren|last2=Sullivan|first2=Andy|last3=Ferraro|first3=Thomas|date=August 3, 2011|title=Special report: How Washington took the U.S. to the brink|work=[[Reuters]]|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-debt-brink/special-report-how-washington-took-the-u-s-to-the-brink-idUSTRE77271R20110803|access-date=August 4, 2011|archive-date=October 13, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171013231825/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-debt-brink/special-report-how-washington-took-the-u-s-to-the-brink-idUSTRE77271R20110803|url-status=live}}</ref> Biden had spent the most time of anyone in the administration bargaining with Congress on the debt question,<ref name="ap-bca2" /> and one Republican staffer said, "Biden's the only guy with real negotiating authority, and [McConnell] knows that his word is good. He was a key to the deal."<ref name="pol-bca2" />

[[File:Obama and Biden await updates on bin Laden.jpg|thumb|right|Biden, Obama and the national security team gathered in the [[White House Situation Room]] to monitor the progress of the May 2011 mission to kill [[Osama bin Laden]]]]

Some reports suggest that Biden opposed proceeding with the May 2011 [[U.S. mission to kill Osama bin Laden]],<ref name="time-mo" /><ref>{{cite news|last=Weigel|first=David|author-link=David Weigel|date=January 10, 2014|title=Hillary Told the President That Her Opposition to the Surge in Iraq Had Been Political|work=Slate|url=https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2014/01/robert-gates-duty-hillary-told-the-president-that-her-opposition-to-the-surge-in-iraq-had-been-political.html|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=January 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103082441/https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2014/01/robert-gates-duty-hillary-told-the-president-that-her-opposition-to-the-surge-in-iraq-had-been-political.html|url-status=live}}</ref> lest failure adversely affect Obama's reelection prospects.<ref>{{cite news|last=Thiessen|first=Marc A.|date=October 8, 2012|title=Biden's Bin Laden Hypocrisy|work=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/marc-thiessen-bidens-bin-laden-hypocrisy/2012/10/08/990aca7c-114d-11e2-be82-c3411b7680a9_story.html|access-date=August 29, 2015|archive-date=September 4, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904124649/https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/marc-thiessen-bidens-bin-laden-hypocrisy/2012/10/08/990aca7c-114d-11e2-be82-c3411b7680a9_story.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Perks|first=Ashley|date=June 1, 2018|title=Hillary Clinton's 'ass-covering' on bin Laden raid 'rattled' Biden|website=TheHill|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/390144-hillary-clintons-ass-covering-on-bin-laden-raid-rattled-biden|access-date=April 29, 2019|archive-date=May 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513134732/https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/390144-hillary-clintons-ass-covering-on-bin-laden-raid-rattled-biden|url-status=live}}</ref> He took the lead in notifying Congressional leaders of the successful outcome.<ref>{{cite news|date=May 2, 2011|title=Osama Bin Laden dead; President Obama addresses nation|newspaper=[[Times Herald-Record]]|agency=[[NewsCore]]|url=https://www.recordonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20110501/NEWS/110509984|access-date=May 17, 2011|archive-date=September 28, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928012811/http://www.recordonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F20110501%2FNEWS%2F110509984|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Reelection===
{{Main|Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign}}

In October 2010, Biden said Obama had asked him to remain as his running mate for the [[2012 United States presidential election|2012 presidential election]],<ref name="nyt1013102" /> but with Obama's popularity on the decline, [[White House Chief of Staff]] [[William M. Daley]] conducted some secret polling and focus group research in late 2011 on the idea of replacing Biden on the ticket with Hillary Clinton.<ref name="nyt-dd-replace" /> The notion was dropped when the results showed no appreciable improvement for Obama,<ref name="nyt-dd-replace">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/01/us/politics/book-details-consideration-of-replacing-biden-on-2012-ticket.html |title=Book Details Obama Aides' Talks About Replacing Biden on 2012 Ticket |last=Martin |first=Jonathan |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=October 31, 2013 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103082553/https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/01/us/politics/book-details-consideration-of-replacing-biden-on-2012-ticket.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and White House officials later said Obama had never entertained the idea.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/blogs/politico44/2013/11/wh-obama-never-considered-dropping-joe-biden-176520 |title=W.H.: Obama never considered dropping Joe Biden |last=Allen |first=Jonathan |newspaper=[[Politico]] |date=November 1, 2013 |access-date=November 3, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131104143531/http://www.politico.com/politico44/2013/11/wh-obama-never-considered-dropping-biden-176520.html |archive-date=November 4, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:Official portrait of President Obama and Vice President Biden 2012.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Biden and Obama, July 2012]]
Biden's May 2012 statement that he was "absolutely comfortable" with [[same-sex marriage]] gained considerable public attention in comparison to Obama's position, which had been described as "evolving".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/world/la-xpm-2012-may-06-la-na-biden-gay-marriage-20120507-story.html |title=Biden 'comfortable' with equal rights for gays who wed |date=May 6, 2012 |first=Christi |last=Parsons |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |access-date=May 8, 2012 |archive-date=May 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526082737/https://www.latimes.com/world/la-xpm-2012-may-06-la-na-biden-gay-marriage-20120507-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Biden made his statement without administration consent, and Obama and his aides were quite irked, since Obama had planned to shift position several months later, in the build-up to the party convention, and since Biden had previously counseled the president to avoid the issue lest key Catholic voters be offended.<ref name="nyt0508122" /><ref name="ap051012" /><ref name="pol-ebook">{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2012/08/politico-e-book-obama-campaign-roiled-by-conflict-079867 |title=Politico e-book: Obama campaign roiled by conflict |last=Thrush |first=Glenn |newspaper=[[Politico]] |date=August 20, 2012 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103084846/https://www.politico.com/story/2012/08/politico-e-book-obama-campaign-roiled-by-conflict-079867 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2012/08/6-hidden-obama-campaign-fault-lines-080028 |title=6 hidden fault lines in President Obama's campaign |last=Thursh |first=Glenn |newspaper=[[Politico]] |date=August 23, 2012 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=December 8, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208190849/https://www.politico.com/story/2012/08/6-hidden-obama-campaign-fault-lines-080028 |url-status=live }}</ref> Gay rights advocates seized upon Biden's statement,<ref name="ap051012" /> and within days, Obama announced that he too supported same-sex marriage, an action in part forced by Biden's remarks.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/10/us/politics/obama-says-same-sex-marriage-should-be-legal.html | title=Obama Says Same-Sex Marriage Should Be Legal | first1=Jackie | last1=Calmes | first2=Peter | last2=Baker | newspaper=[[The New York Times]] | date=May 9, 2012 | access-date=May 10, 2012 | archive-date=May 10, 2012 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510014102/http://www.nytimes.com//2012/05/10/us/politics/obama-says-same-sex-marriage-should-be-legal.html | url-status=live }}</ref> Biden apologized to Obama in private for having spoken out,<ref name="pol-ebook" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/10/joe-biden-gay-marriage-apology_n_1507939.html |title=Joe Biden Reportedly Apologized To Obama Over Gay Marriage Comments |agency=[[Associated Press]] |work=Huffington Post |date=May 10, 2012 |access-date=May 11, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528233546/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/10/joe-biden-gay-marriage-apology_n_1507939.html |archive-date=May 28, 2013 }}</ref> while Obama acknowledged publicly it had been done from the heart.<ref name="ap051012">{{cite news | url=https://www.foxnews.com/us/ap-source-biden-apologizes-to-obama-over-comments | title=AP source: Biden apologizes to Obama over comments | agency=[[Associated Press]] | publisher=[[Fox News]] | date=May 10, 2012 | access-date=May 16, 2012 | archive-date=October 6, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181006123920/https://www.foxnews.com/us/ap-source-biden-apologizes-to-obama-over-comments | url-status=live }}</ref> The incident showed that Biden still struggled at times with [[message discipline]],<ref name="nyt0508122" /> as ''Time'' wrote, "Everyone knows Biden's greatest strength is also his greatest weakness."<ref name="time-mo" /> Relations were also strained between the vice presidential and presidential campaigns when Biden appeared to use his position to bolster fundraising contacts for a possible run for president in [[2016 United States presidential election|2016]], and he ended up being excluded from Obama campaign strategy meetings.<ref name="nyt-dd-replace" />

The Obama campaign nevertheless valued Biden as a retail-level politician who could connect with disaffected blue-collar workers and rural residents, and he had a heavy schedule of appearances in swing states as the [[Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2012|reelection campaign]] began in earnest in spring 2012.<ref name="time-be-joe" /><ref name="time-mo">{{cite news | title=Mo Joe | last=Scherer|first=Michael | magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] | date=June 11, 2012 | pages=26–30}}</ref> An August 2012 remark before a mixed-race audience that Republican proposals to relax Wall Street regulations would "put y'all back in chains" led to a similar analysis of Biden's face-to-face campaigning abilities versus his tendency to go off track.<ref name="time-be-joe" /><ref name="lat-offt" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2012/08/mission-impossible-managing-biden-079776 |title=Mission Impossible: Managing Joe Biden |last=Martin |first=Jonathan |newspaper=[[Politico]] |date=August 16, 2012 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103084811/https://www.politico.com/story/2012/08/mission-impossible-managing-biden-079776 |url-status=live }}</ref> The ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' wrote, "Most candidates give the same stump speech over and over, putting reporters if not the audience to sleep. But during any Biden speech, there might be a dozen moments to make press handlers cringe, and prompt reporters to turn to each other with amusement and confusion."<ref name="lat-offt">{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2012-aug-17-la-na-biden-20120817-story.html |title=Biden's unscripted moments keep campaign on its toes |last=Memoli |first=Michael A. |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=August 17, 2012 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103082611/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2012-aug-17-la-na-biden-20120817-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Time (magazine)|''Time'' magazine]] wrote that Biden often went too far and "Along with the familiar Washington mix of neediness and overconfidence, Biden's brain is wired for more than the usual amount of goofiness."<ref name="time-be-joe">{{cite news |url=http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2123322,00.html |title=Let There Be Joe |last=Von Drehle |first=David |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=September 10, 2012 |pages=41–43 |author-link=David Von Drehle |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=November 9, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109162947/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2123322,00.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Biden was nominated for a second term as vice president at the [[2012 Democratic National Convention]] in September.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/beau-biden-speech-read-th_n_1862997 |title=Beau Biden Speech Kicks Of Motion To Nominate Father Joe Biden For Vice President |work=[[Huffington Post]] |date=September 6, 2012 |first=Elyse |last=Siegel |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103082621/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/beau-biden-speech-read-th_n_1862997 |url-status=live }}</ref> Debating his Republican counterpart, Representative [[Paul Ryan]], in the [[2012 United States presidential debates#October 11: Vice presidential debate (Centre College)|vice-presidential debate]] on October 11 he made a spirited and emotional defense of the Obama administration's record and energetically attacked the Republican ticket.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://nbcpolitics.nbcnews.com/_news/2012/10/11/14376267-biden-plays-aggressor-in-debate-as-ryan-argues-gop-case |title=Biden plays aggressor in debate as Ryan makes GOP case |last=O'Brien |first=Michael |work=[[NBC News]] |date=October 11, 2012 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=September 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200928140933/http://nbcpolitics.nbcnews.com/_news/2012/10/11/14376267-biden-plays-aggressor-in-debate-as-ryan-argues-gop-case |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/sparks-fly-as-biden-ryan-face-off-in-feisty-vice-presidential-debate | title=Sparks fly as Biden, Ryan face off in feisty vice presidential debate | publisher=[[Fox News]] | date=October 11, 2012 | access-date=January 24, 2021 | archive-date=January 3, 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103082631/https://www.foxnews.com/politics/sparks-fly-as-biden-ryan-face-off-in-feisty-vice-presidential-debate | url-status=live }}</ref> On November 6, Obama and Biden won reelection<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/obama-defeats-romney-to-win-second-term-vows-he-has-more-work-to-do | title=Obama defeats Romney to win second term, vows he has 'more work to do' | publisher=[[Fox News]] | date=November 7, 2012}}</ref> over [[Mitt Romney]] and Paul Ryan with 332 of 538 [[Electoral College (United States)|Electoral College votes]] and 51% of the popular vote.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/world/la-xpm-2013-jan-04-la-pn-obama-biden-officially-win-second-term-20130104-story.html |title=It's official: Obama, Biden win second term |last=Memoli |first=Michael A. |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=January 4, 2013 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103082641/https://www.latimes.com/world/la-xpm-2013-jan-04-la-pn-obama-biden-officially-win-second-term-20130104-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In December 2012, Obama named Biden to head the [[Gun Violence Task Force]], created to address the causes of [[gun violence in the United States]] in the aftermath of the [[Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting]].<ref name="Caldwell">{{cite news|last=Caldwell|first=Leigh Ann|date=December 19, 2012|title=Obama sets up gun violence task force|work=[[CBS News]]|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/obama-sets-up-gun-violence-task-force/|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=January 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115185454/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/obama-sets-up-gun-violence-task-force/|url-status=live}}</ref> Later that month, during the final days before the United States fell off the "[[United States fiscal cliff|fiscal cliff]]", Biden's relationship with McConnell again proved important as the two negotiated a deal that led to the [[American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012]] being passed at the start of 2013.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://lasvegassun.com/news/2013/jan/01/its-over-house-passes-fiscal-cliff-deal/ |title=It's over: House passes 'fiscal cliff' deal |last=Demirjian |first=Karoun |newspaper=[[Las Vegas Sun]] |date=January 1, 2013 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115185455/https://lasvegassun.com/news/2013/jan/01/its-over-house-passes-fiscal-cliff-deal/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="ap-cliff">{{cite news|url=http://www.startribune.com/politics/national/185276422.html |title=Congress' OK of fiscal cliff deal gives Obama a win, prevents GOP blame for tax boosts |last=Fram|first=Alan |agency=[[Associated Press]] |newspaper=[[Star Tribune]] |location=Minneapolis |date=January 2, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130105020524/http://www.startribune.com/politics/national/185276422.html |archive-date=January 5, 2013 }}</ref> It made many of the Bush tax cuts permanent but raised rates on upper income levels.<ref name="ap-cliff" />

===Second term (2013–2017)===
[[File:Joe Biden official portrait 2013.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Official vice president portrait, 2013]]
Biden was [[Second inauguration of Barack Obama|inaugurated to a second term]] on January 20, 2013, at a small ceremony at [[Number One Observatory Circle]], his official residence, with Justice [[Sonia Sotomayor]] presiding (a public ceremony took place on January 21).<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/01/20/us-usa-inauguration-biden-idUSBRE90J08B20130120 | title=Vice President Biden sworn into office for second term | last=Rampton|first=Roberta | work=Reuters | date=January 20, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130122062434/https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/01/20/us-usa-inauguration-biden-idUSBRE90J08B20130120| archive-date=January 22, 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

Biden played little part in discussions that led to the October 2013 passage of the [[Continuing Appropriations Act, 2014]], which resolved the [[2013 United States federal government shutdown|federal government shutdown of 2013]] and the [[United States debt-ceiling crisis of 2013|debt-ceiling crisis of 2013]]. This was because Senate majority leader [[Harry Reid]] and other Democratic leaders cut him out of any direct talks with Congress, feeling Biden had given too much away during previous negotiations.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2013/10/anatomy-of-a-shutdown-098518 |title=Anatomy of a shutdown |last1=Bresnahan |first1=John |last2=Manu |first2=Raju |last3=Sherman |first3=Jake |last4=Brown |first4=Carrie Budoff |newspaper=Politico |date=October 18, 2013 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115185529/https://www.politico.com/story/2013/10/anatomy-of-a-shutdown-098518 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2013/10/13/biden-mostly-out-of-sight-during-shutdown-showdown/2968373/ |title=Biden mostly out of sight as shutdown drags on |last=Gaudiano |first=Nicole |newspaper=USA Today |date=October 13, 2013 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103082716/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2013/10/13/biden-mostly-out-of-sight-during-shutdown-showdown/2968373/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/biden-takes-back-seat-in-budget-negotiations-during-shutdown | title=Biden takes a back seat during budget negotiations over shutdown | last=Bowman | first=Bridget | work=PBS NewsHour | publisher=PBS | date=October 14, 2013 | access-date=January 24, 2021 | archive-date=January 3, 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103082723/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/biden-takes-back-seat-in-budget-negotiations-during-shutdown | url-status=live }}</ref>

Biden's Violence Against Women Act was reauthorized again in 2013. The act led to related developments, such as the [[White House Council on Women and Girls]], begun in the first term, as well as the [[White House Task Force to Protect Students from Sexual Assault]], begun in January 2014 with Biden and [[Valerie Jarrett]] as co-chairs.<ref name="Report">{{cite web|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/docs/sexual_assault_report_1-21-14.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170121105625/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/docs/sexual_assault_report_1-21-14.pdf |url-status=live |archive-date=January 21, 2017 |title=Rape and sexual assault: A renewed call to action |date=January 2014 |via=[[NARA|National Archives]] |work=[[whitehouse.gov]] |access-date=August 24, 2016 }}</ref><ref>{{cite press release | url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2014/01/22/memorandum-establishing-white-house-task-force-protect-students-sexual-a | title=Memorandum: Establishing White House Task Force to Protect Students from Sexual Assault | date=January 22, 2014 | access-date=June 10, 2014 | archive-date=January 22, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170122115707/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2014/01/22/memorandum-establishing-white-house-task-force-protect-students-sexual-a | via=[[NARA|National Archives]] | work=[[whitehouse.gov]] | url-status=live }}</ref> Biden discussed federal guidelines on sexual assault on university campuses while giving a speech at the University of New Hampshire. He said, "No means no, if you're drunk or you're sober. No means no if you're in bed, in a dorm or on the street. No means no even if you said yes at first and you changed your mind. No means no."<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hayes|first=Dianne|year=2012|title=Looking The Other Way?|journal=Diverse: Issues in Higher Education}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Elaine Grant |title=Federal Effort Targets Sexual Assaults At Colleges |url=https://www.npr.org/2011/04/05/135135544/federal-effort-targets-sexual-assaults-at-colleges |access-date=April 5, 2019 |work=National Public Radio NPR |date=April 5, 2011 |quote=BIDEN: Look, guys, no matter what a girl does, no matter how she's dressed, no matter how much she's had to drink, it's never, never, never, never, never OK to touch her without her consent. |archive-date=April 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405205021/https://www.npr.org/2011/04/05/135135544/federal-effort-targets-sexual-assaults-at-colleges |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Ashe Schow |title=Biden Reaps the #MeToo Whirlwind |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/biden-reaps-the-metoo-whirlwind-11554419738 |access-date=April 5, 2019 |work=The Wall Street Journal |date=April 4, 2019 |quote=While speaking to students at the University of New Hampshire in 2011, then-Vice President Joe Biden told men in the audience that 'no matter what a girl does, no matter how she's dressed, no matter how much she's had to drink—it's never, never, never, never, never OK to touch her without her consent.' |archive-date=April 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405063733/https://www.wsj.com/articles/biden-reaps-the-metoo-whirlwind-11554419738 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Biden favored arming [[Timber Sycamore|Syria's rebel fighters]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Who to Blame If Arming the Syrian Rebels Goes Wrong |first=Conor |last=Friedersdorf |author-link=Conor Friedersdorf |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2014/09/who-to-blame-if-arming-syrian-rebels-goes-wrong/380411/ |work=The Atlantic |date=September 18, 2014 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=May 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512184447/https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2014/09/who-to-blame-if-arming-syrian-rebels-goes-wrong/380411/ |url-status=live }}</ref> As [[Timeline of the Iraq War (2014)|Iraq fell apart during 2014]], renewed attention was paid to the Biden-Gelb Iraqi federalization plan of 2006, with some observers suggesting Biden had been right all along.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.politico.com/story/2014/06/joe-biden-iraq-107858 | title=Was Joe Biden right? | last=Gerstein | first=Josh | newspaper=Politico | date=June 13, 2014 | access-date=September 14, 2014 | archive-date=September 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927001111/http://www.politico.com/story/2014/06/joe-biden-iraq-107858 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nationaljournal.com/s/62830 |title=Turns Out, Joe Biden Was Right About Dividing Iraq |last=Kitfield |first=James |magazine=National Journal |date=January 30, 2014 |access-date=September 14, 2014 |archive-date=October 11, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011194233/https://www.nationaljournal.com/s/62830 |url-status=live }}</ref> Biden himself said the U.S. would follow [[ISIL]] "to the gates of hell".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Politics/Decoder/2014/0903/Joe-Biden-vows-to-chase-Islamic-State-to-gates-of-hell.-Does-he-mean-it |title=Joe Biden vows to chase Islamic State to 'gates of hell'. Does he mean it? |last=Grier |first=Peter |newspaper=The Christian Science Monitor |date=September 3, 2014 |access-date=September 14, 2014 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115185455/https://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Politics/Decoder/2014/0903/Joe-Biden-vows-to-chase-Islamic-State-to-gates-of-hell.-Does-he-mean-it |url-status=live }}</ref> Biden had close relationships with several Latin American leaders and was assigned a focus on the region during the administration; he visited the region 16 times during his vice presidency, the most of any president or vice president.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Paz|first=Christian|date=October 26, 2020|title=The Biden Doctrine Begins With Latin America|work=The Atlantic|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2020/10/joe-biden-foreign-policy-latin-america/616841/|access-date=November 15, 2020|issn=1072-7825|archive-date=November 11, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111041523/https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2020/10/joe-biden-foreign-policy-latin-america/616841/|url-status=live}}</ref>
[[File:Vice President Joe Biden visit to Israel March 2016 (25554709411).jpg|thumb|Biden with [[Prime Minister of Israel|Israeli prime minister]] [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] in [[Jerusalem]], March 9, 2016]]
In 2015, [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker of the House]] [[John Boehner]] and [[Party leaders of the United States Senate|Senate majority leader]] [[Mitch McConnell]] invited Israeli prime minister [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] to address a joint session of Congress without notifying the Obama administration. This defiance of protocol led Biden and more than 50 congressional [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] to skip Netanyahu's speech.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2015/02/26/politics/democrats-missing-netanyahu-whip-list/index.html|title=The list of Democrats skipping Netanyahu's speech|first=Alexandra|last=Jaffe|website=CNN|access-date=February 26, 2020|archive-date=August 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200818185113/https://www.cnn.com/2015/02/26/politics/democrats-missing-netanyahu-whip-list/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In August 2016, Biden visited [[Serbia]], where he met with Serbian president [[Aleksandar Vučić]] and expressed his condolences for civilian victims of the bombing campaign during the Kosovo War.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Melander |first1=Ingrid |title=Biden offers condolences for Serbs killed in 1999 NATO air strikes |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-balkans-biden-serbia/biden-offers-condolences-for-serbs-killed-in-1999-nato-air-strikes-idUSKCN10R1ZD |work=Reuters |date=August 16, 2016 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115185455/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-balkans-biden-serbia/biden-offers-condolences-for-serbs-killed-in-1999-nato-air-strikes-idUSKCN10R1ZD |url-status=live }}</ref> In Kosovo, he attended a ceremony renaming a highway after his son Beau, in honor of Beau's service to Kosovo in training its judges and prosecutors.<ref name="Bytyci">{{cite news|last=Bytyci|first=Fatos|title='We owe you so much,' Kosovo to tell Biden as street named after late son|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-kosovo-biden-street-idUSKCN10Q17X|work=Reuters|date=August 15, 2016|access-date=October 24, 2020|archive-date=January 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115185456/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-kosovo-biden-street-idUSKCN10Q17X|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Bezhan">{{cite news|last=Bezhan|first=Frud|title=Word On The Street Is That Kosovo Has A Love Affair With Americans|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/kosovo-love-affair-americans-biden-clinton-bush/27928807.html|agency=Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty|date=August 17, 2016|access-date=October 24, 2020|archive-date=October 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023065019/https://www.rferl.org/a/kosovo-love-affair-americans-biden-clinton-bush/27928807.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="RuViDeBi">{{cite news|last1=Rucker|first1=Philip|last2=Viser|first2=Matt|last3=DeBonis|first3=Mike|title=Trump and allies resume attacks on Biden's son as the Democrat surges|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-and-allies-resume-attacks-on-bidens-son-as-the-democrat-surges/2020/03/05/cad7fa02-5eed-11ea-b29b-9db42f7803a7_story.html|agency=The Washington Post|date=March 6, 2020|access-date=October 24, 2020|archive-date=October 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028094653/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-and-allies-resume-attacks-on-bidens-son-as-the-democrat-surges/2020/03/05/cad7fa02-5eed-11ea-b29b-9db42f7803a7_story.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Biden never [[List of tie-breaking votes cast by vice presidents of the United States|cast a tie-breaking vote in the Senate]], making him the longest-serving vice president with this distinction.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bycoffe|first=Aaron|date=February 7, 2017|title=Pence Has Already Done Something Biden Never Did: Break A Senate Tie|url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/pence-has-already-done-something-biden-never-did-break-a-senate-tie/|website=[[FiveThirtyEight]]|quote=Twelve vice presidents, including Biden, never broke a tie; Biden was the longest-serving vice president to never do so.|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=January 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103082937/https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/pence-has-already-done-something-biden-never-did-break-a-senate-tie/|url-status=live}}</ref>[[File:VP Biden with Pence.jpg|thumb|left|Biden with Vice President-elect [[Mike Pence]] on November 10, 2016]]

===Role in the 2016 presidential campaign===
During his second term, Biden was often said to be preparing for a possible bid for the [[2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries|2016 Democratic presidential nomination]].<ref name=Itkowitz1 /> With his family, many friends, and donors encouraging him in mid-2015 to enter the race, and with [[Hillary Clinton]]'s favorability ratings in decline at that time, Biden was reported to again be seriously considering the prospect and a "[[Draft (politics)|Draft]] Biden 2016" [[Political action committee|PAC]] was established.<ref name=Itkowitz1>{{cite news |first=Colby |last=Itkowitz |title=There is a 'Draft Joe Biden' Super PAC Now; It's Even Hiring a Fundraiser |newspaper=Washington Post |date=March 23, 2015 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/in-the-loop/wp/2015/03/23/job-opening-raise-money-to-draft-joe-biden-to-run-in-2016/ |access-date=August 2, 2015 |archive-date=July 16, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716011912/http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/in-the-loop/wp/2015/03/23/job-opening-raise-money-to-draft-joe-biden-to-run-in-2016/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=Dowd1>{{cite news |first=Maureen |last=Dowd |title=Joe Biden in 2016: What Would Beau Do? |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/02/opinion/sunday/maureen-dowd-joe-biden-in-2016-what-would-beau-do.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=August 1, 2015 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210106105547/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/02/opinion/sunday/maureen-dowd-joe-biden-in-2016-what-would-beau-do.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first1=Jeff |last1=Zeleny |first2=Kevin |last2=Liptak |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2015/07/31/politics/vice-president-joe-biden-presidential-elections/ |title=Joe Biden Keeps Watchful Eye on 2016 Race |work=CNN |date=August 1, 2015 |access-date=August 2, 2015 |archive-date=February 2, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160202185430/http://edition.cnn.com/2015/07/31/politics/vice-president-joe-biden-presidential-elections/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

{{as of|2015|September|11|df=US}}, Biden was still uncertain about running. He cited his son's recent death as a large drain on his emotional energy, and said, "nobody has a right{{nbsp}}... to seek that office unless they're willing to give it 110% of who they are."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-34216117|title=Joe Biden still undecided on presidential run|work=[[BBC News]]|date=September 11, 2015|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=January 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103083021/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-34216117|url-status=live}}</ref> On October 21, speaking from a podium in the [[White House Rose Garden|Rose Garden]] with his wife and Obama by his side, Biden announced his decision not to run for president in 2016.<ref>{{cite news |first=Jeff |last=Mason |url=https://www.aol.com/article/2015/10/21/biden-announces-hes-not-running-for-president/21252056/ |title=Biden says he will not seek 2016 Democratic nomination |agency=Thomson Reuters |date=October 21, 2015 |access-date=October 21, 2015 |website=aol.com |archive-date=October 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151022211907/http://www.aol.com/article/2015/10/21/biden-announces-hes-not-running-for-president/21252056/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Comment Joe Biden Is Not Running For President In 2016|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/joe-biden-president-2016_n_55f1cefbe4b093be51be0d69|work=Huffington Post|access-date=October 21, 2015|archive-date=April 5, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405213056/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/joe-biden-president-2016_n_55f1cefbe4b093be51be0d69|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Joe Biden Decides Not to Enter Presidential Race|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/joe-biden-decides-not-to-enter-presidential-race-1445444657|newspaper=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=October 21, 2015|archive-date=October 21, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151021204730/http://www.wsj.com/articles/joe-biden-decides-not-to-enter-presidential-race-1445444657|url-status=live}}</ref> In January 2016, Biden affirmed that it was the right decision, but admitted to regretting not running for president "every day".<ref>{{cite news|last1=Fabian|first1=Jordan|title=Biden regrets not running for president 'every day'|url=https://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/265011-biden-regrets-not-running-but-calls-it-right-decision|access-date=January 12, 2017|work=TheHill|date=January 6, 2016|archive-date=January 2, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170102173755/http://thehill.com/blogs/ballot-box/265011-biden-regrets-not-running-but-calls-it-right-decision|url-status=live}}</ref>

After Obama endorsed Hillary Clinton on June 9, 2016, Biden endorsed her later that day.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2016/06/joe-biden-endorses-hillary-clinton-224162|title=Joe Biden endorses Hillary Clinton|publisher=[[Politico]]|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=January 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103083139/https://www.politico.com/story/2016/06/joe-biden-endorses-hillary-clinton-224162|url-status=live}}</ref> Throughout the [[2016 United States presidential election|2016 election]], Biden strongly criticized Clinton's opponent, Donald Trump, in often colorful terms.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/joe-biden-to-slam-donald-trump-in-speech-monday/|title=Joe Biden slams Donald Trump on wall, Muslim entry ban|date=June 20, 2016|work=CBS News|first=Rebecca|last=Shabad|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=January 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103083051/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/joe-biden-to-slam-donald-trump-in-speech-monday/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/biden-wishes-trump-gym-groping-comments/story?id=42965866|title=Biden Says He Wishes He Could Take Trump 'Behind the Gym' Over Groping Comments|date=October 21, 2016|publisher=ABC|first=Maryalice|last=Parks|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=January 3, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103083055/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/biden-wishes-trump-gym-groping-comments/story?id=42965866|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Subsequent activities (2017–2019)==
[[File:58th Presidential Inaugural Ceremony 170120-D-BP749-1327.jpg|thumb|Biden with his two predecessors, [[Barack Obama]] and [[Donald Trump]], at the latter's [[Inauguration of Donald Trump|inauguration]] on January 20, 2017]]

After leaving the vice presidency, Biden became a professor at the [[University of Pennsylvania]], while continuing to lead efforts to find treatments for cancer.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://money.cnn.com/2017/03/12/technology/sxsw-joe-biden-cancer/index.html |title=Joe Biden: The fight against cancer is bipartisan |last=O'Brien |first=Sara Ashley |date=March 12, 2017 |website=CNNMoney |access-date=March 13, 2017 |archive-date=May 26, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190526151625/https://money.cnn.com/2017/03/12/technology/sxsw-joe-biden-cancer/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2017 he wrote a memoir, ''[[Promise Me, Dad]]'', and went on a book tour.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kane|first=Paul|title=Analysis {{!}} Biden wraps up book tour amid persistent questions about the next chapter|language=en-US|work=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/biden-wraps-up-book-tour-amid-persistent-questions-about-the-next-chapter/2018/06/11/33ebbe8e-6daf-11e8-bf86-a2351b5ece99_story.html|access-date=November 10, 2020|issn=0190-8286|archive-date=November 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201107171225/https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/biden-wraps-up-book-tour-amid-persistent-questions-about-the-next-chapter/2018/06/11/33ebbe8e-6daf-11e8-bf86-a2351b5ece99_story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Biden earned $15.6{{nbsp}}million in 2017–2018.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Viser|first1=Matt|last2=Narayanswamy|first2=Anu|date=July 9, 2019|title=Joe Biden earned $15.6 million in the two years after leaving the vice presidency|work=The Washington Post|url=https://beta.washingtonpost.com/politics/joe-biden-earned-156-million-in-the-two-years-after-leaving-the-vice-presidency/2019/07/09/55aad492-a27e-11e9-b8c8-75dae2607e60_story.html?outputType=amp|access-date=July 16, 2019|archive-date=January 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210124023752/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/joe-biden-earned-156-million-in-the-two-years-after-leaving-the-vice-presidency/2019/07/09/55aad492-a27e-11e9-b8c8-75dae2607e60_story.html?outputType=amp|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2018, he gave a eulogy for Senator [[John McCain]], praising McCain's embrace of American ideals and bipartisan friendships.<ref name="townandcountrymag">{{cite news|last=Friedman|first=Megan|date=August 30, 2018|title=Joe Biden Just Gave an Incredibly Powerful Speech at John McCain's Memorial|website=Town & Country|url=https://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/politics/a22877209/joe-biden-eulogy-john-mccain-memorial-full-transcript/|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=June 10, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200610041411/https://www.townandcountrymag.com/society/politics/a22877209/joe-biden-eulogy-john-mccain-memorial-full-transcript/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Biden remained in the public eye, endorsing candidates while continuing to comment on politics, climate change, and the [[presidency of Donald Trump]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.politico.com/states/new-jersey/story/2017/05/28/biden-backing-phil-murphy-says-nj-governors-race-single-most-important-112380|title=Biden backs Phil Murphy, says N.J. governor's race 'most important' in nation|first=Ryan|last=Hutchins|date=May 28, 2017|publisher=Politico|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=December 30, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191230125059/https://www.politico.com/states/new-jersey/story/2017/05/28/biden-backing-phil-murphy-says-nj-governors-race-single-most-important-112380|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=The Democratic candidates on foreign policy |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2020-election/ |work=[[Foreign Policy]] |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=June 16, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616084737/https://foreignpolicy.com/2020-election/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/335859-biden-paris-deal-best-way-to-protect-us-leadership|title=Biden: Paris deal 'best way to protect' US leadership|first=Max|last=Greenwood|newspaper=The Hill|date=May 31, 2017|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=February 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200225090215/https://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/335859-biden-paris-deal-best-way-to-protect-us-leadership|url-status=live}}</ref> He also continued to speak out in favor of LGBT rights, continuing advocacy on an issue he had become more closely associated with during his vice presidency.<ref>{{cite news |title=VP's LGBT comments raise eyebrows |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2014/03/joe-biden-lgbt-workplace-discrimination-executive-order-human-rights-campaign-105018 |work=Politico.com |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 3, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103083142/https://www.politico.com/story/2014/03/joe-biden-lgbt-workplace-discrimination-executive-order-human-rights-campaign-105018 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/joe-biden-to-lgbt-gala-hold-president-trump-accountable/|title=Joe Biden to LGBT gala: 'Hold President Trump accountable'|date=June 21, 2017|first=Steve|last=Peoples|newspaper=Seattle Times|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=June 20, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090144/https://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/joe-biden-to-lgbt-gala-hold-president-trump-accountable//|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2019, Biden criticized [[Brunei]] for its intention to implement [[Sharia|Islamic laws]] that would allow death by stoning for adultery and homosexuality, calling it "appalling and immoral" and saying, "There is no excuse—not culture, not tradition—for this kind of hate and inhumanity."<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brunei-islamiclaws-idUSKCN1RB0E1 |title=Brunei defends tough new Islamic laws against growing backlash |work=Reuters |date=March 30, 2019 |access-date=December 31, 2020 |archive-date=June 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090148/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-brunei-islamiclaws-idUSKCN1RB0E1/ |url-status=live }}</ref> By 2019, Biden and his wife reported that their assets had increased to between $2.2 million and $8 million from speaking engagements and a contract to write a set of books.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Eder|first1=Steve|last2=Glueck|first2=Katie|date=July 9, 2019|title=Joe Biden's Tax Returns Show More Than $15 Million in Income After 2016|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/09/us/politics/joe-biden-net-worth.html|access-date=July 16, 2019|archive-date=July 15, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715211457/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/09/us/politics/joe-biden-net-worth.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

==2020 presidential campaign==
{{Main|Joe Biden 2020 presidential campaign}}
{{See also|2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries|2020 United States presidential election}}

=== Speculation and announcement ===
[[File:Joe Biden kickoff rally May 2019.jpg|thumb|Biden at his presidential kickoff rally in [[Philadelphia]], May 2019]]

Between 2016 and 2019, media outlets often mentioned Biden as a likely candidate for president in 2020.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/nation/politics/trailguide/la-na-trailguide-updates-201612-htmlstory.html#joe-biden-wouldnt-count-out-a-2020-run-for-president-but-he-was-asked-in-an-emotional-moment|title=Joe Biden wouldn't count out a 2020 run for president. But he was asked in an emotional moment|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=December 5, 2016|date=December 5, 2016|last=Memoli|first=Michael|archive-date=June 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090152/https://www.latimes.com/nation/politics/trailguide/la-na-trailguide-updates-201612-htmlstory.html#joe-biden-wouldnt-count-out-a-2020-run-for-president-but-he-was-asked-in-an-emotional-moment|url-status=live}}</ref> When asked if he would run, he gave varied and ambivalent answers, saying "never say never".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2016/12/07/politics/joe-biden-colbert-interview-2020-buzz/|title=Biden stokes 2020 buzz on Colbert: 'Never say never'|publisher=CNN|access-date=December 8, 2016|date=December 7, 2016|last=Wright|first=David|archive-date=June 20, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090156/https://edition.cnn.com/2016/12/07/politics/joe-biden-colbert-interview-2020-buzz//|url-status=live}}</ref> At one point he suggested he did not see a scenario where he would run again,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://time.com/4593693/joe-biden-stephen-colbert-2020-run/|title=Joe Biden Discussed Running in 2020 With Stephen Colbert: 'Never Say Never'|work=Time|access-date=December 8, 2016|date=December 7, 2016|last=Lang|first=Cady|archive-date=December 8, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161208083645/http://time.com/4593693/joe-biden-stephen-colbert-2020-run/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Revesz">{{cite news|last=Revesz|first=Rachael|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/joe-biden-think-tank-research-centre-university-pennsylvania-delaware-white-house-staff-cancer-a7526881.html|title=Joe Biden: I will not run for president in 2020 but I am working to cure cancer|work=The Independent|date=January 13, 2017|access-date=January 20, 2017|archive-date=January 16, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116185058/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/joe-biden-think-tank-research-centre-university-pennsylvania-delaware-white-house-staff-cancer-a7526881.html|url-status=live}}</ref> but a few days later, he said, "I'll run if I can walk."<ref name="IfICanWalk">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/17/magazine/joe-biden-i-wish-to-hell-id-just-kept-saying-the-exact-same-thing.html|title=Joe Biden: 'I Wish to Hell I'd Just Kept Saying the Exact Same Thing'|newspaper=The New York Times|last=Alter|first=Jonathan|date=January 17, 2017|access-date=January 22, 2017|archive-date=January 21, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170121233919/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/17/magazine/joe-biden-i-wish-to-hell-id-just-kept-saying-the-exact-same-thing.html|url-status=live}}</ref> A [[political action committee]] known as [[Time for Biden]] was formed in January 2018, seeking Biden's entry into the race.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wvik.org/post/new-quad-city-super-pac-time-biden|title=New Quad City Super PAC: "Time for Biden"|last=Charnetzki|first=Tori|publisher=WVIK|date=January 10, 2018 |access-date=January 24, 2018|archive-date=June 20, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090209/https://www.wvik.org/post/new-quad-city-super-pac-time-biden/|url-status=live}}</ref> He finally launched his campaign on April 25, 2019,<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Scherer|first1=Michael|last2=Wagner|first2=John|date=April 25, 2019|title=Former vice president Joe Biden jumps into White House race|work=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/former-vice-president-joe-biden-jumps-into-white-house-race/2019/04/25/093ff596-0aef-11e9-88e3-989a3e456820_story.html|url-status=live|access-date=April 25, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200526072655/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/former-vice-president-joe-biden-jumps-into-white-house-race/2019/04/25/093ff596-0aef-11e9-88e3-989a3e456820_story.html|archive-date=May 26, 2020}}</ref> saying he was prompted to run, among other reasons, by his "sense of duty."<ref name="bidenclose">{{Cite news|last=Dovere|first=Edward-Isaac|date=February 4, 2019|title=Biden's Anguished Search for a Path to Victory|work=The Atlantic|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2019/02/joe-biden-close-running-president-despite-doubts/581956/|url-status=live|access-date=February 9, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090215/https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2019/02/joe-biden-close-running-president-despite-doubts/581956//|archive-date=June 20, 2020}}</ref>

=== Campaign ===
In September 2019, it was reported that Trump had pressured Ukrainian president [[Volodymyr Zelensky]] to investigate [[Biden–Ukraine conspiracy theory|alleged wrongdoing]] by Biden and his son [[Hunter Biden]].<ref name="pressure">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/20/world/europe/ukraine-trump-zelensky.html|title=Ukraine Pressured on U.S. Political Investigations|last=Kramer|first=Andrew E.|date=September 20, 2019|work=The New York Times|access-date=September 20, 2019|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=September 20, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920171010/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/20/world/europe/ukraine-trump-zelensky.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Despite the allegations, as of September 2019, no evidence has been produced of any wrongdoing by the Bidens.<ref>{{cite news |last=Isachenkov |first=Vladimir |title=Ukraine's prosecutor says there is no probe into Biden |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/ukraines-prosecutor-says-there-is-no-probe-into-biden |access-date=October 1, 2019 |agency=[[Associated Press]] |date=September 27, 2019 |quote=Though the timing raised concerns among anti-corruption advocates, there has been no evidence of wrongdoing by either the former vice president or his son. |archive-date=October 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191001005328/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/ukraines-prosecutor-says-there-is-no-probe-into-biden |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=White House 'tried to cover up details of Trump-Ukraine call' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-49842895 |access-date=October 1, 2019 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=September 26, 2019 |quote=There is no evidence of any wrongdoing by the Bidens. |archive-date=September 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190930105132/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-49842895 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Timm |first=Jane |title=There's no evidence for Trump's Biden-Ukraine accusations. What really happened? |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2020-election/there-s-no-evidence-trump-s-biden-ukraine-accusations-what-n1057851 |access-date=October 1, 2019 |work=[[NBC News]] |date=September 25, 2019 |quote=But despite Trump's continued claims, there's no evidence of wrongdoing on the part of either Biden. |archive-date=October 1, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191001005034/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2020-election/there-s-no-evidence-trump-s-biden-ukraine-accusations-what-n1057851 |url-status=live }}</ref> The media widely interpreted this pressure to investigate the Bidens as trying to hurt Biden's chances of winning the presidency, resulting in [[Trump–Ukraine scandal|a political scandal]]<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-defends-conversation-with-ukraine-leader-11568993176 |date=September 21, 2019 |title=Trump Repeatedly Pressed Ukraine President to Investigate Biden's Son |last3=Volz |first1=Alan |last1=Cullison |first2=Rebecca |last2=Ballhaus |first3=Dustin |newspaper=The Wall Street Journal |access-date=September 20, 2019 |archive-date=September 23, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190923092317/https://www.wsj.com/articles/trump-defends-conversation-with-ukraine-leader-11568993176 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/09/20/is-trump-trying-to-get-ukraine-to-take-out-biden-for-him/ |date=September 20, 2019 |title=Is Trump Trying to Get Ukraine to Take Out Biden for Him? |last=Mackinnon |first=Amy |work=Foreign Policy |publisher=[[Graham Holdings]] |access-date=September 20, 2019 |archive-date=September 20, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920210034/https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/09/20/is-trump-trying-to-get-ukraine-to-take-out-biden-for-him/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[First impeachment of Donald Trump|Trump's impeachment]] by the House of Representatives.

Beginning in 2019, Trump and his allies falsely accused Biden of getting the Ukrainian prosecutor general [[Viktor Shokin]] fired because he was supposedly pursuing an investigation into [[Burisma Holdings]], which employed Hunter Biden. Biden was accused of withholding $1{{nbsp}}billion in aid from Ukraine in this effort. In 2015, Biden pressured the Ukrainian parliament to remove Shokin because the United States, the European Union and other international organizations considered Shokin corrupt and ineffective, and in particular because Shokin was not assertively investigating Burisma. The withholding of the $1{{nbsp}}billion in aid was part of this official policy.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2019/oct/11/donald-trump/trump-ad-misleads-about-biden-ukraine-and-prosecut/|title=Donald Trump ad misleads about Joe Biden, Ukraine and the prosecutor|website=PolitiFact|date=October 9, 2019|access-date=November 14, 2020|archive-date=November 11, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111194554/https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2019/oct/11/donald-trump/trump-ad-misleads-about-biden-ukraine-and-prosecut/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/09/27/quick-guide-trumps-false-claims-about-ukraine-bidens/|title=A quick guide to President Trump's false claims about Ukraine and the Bidens|first=Glenn|last=Kessler|date=September 27, 2019|website=The Washington Post|access-date=November 14, 2020|archive-date=November 14, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114222235/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/09/27/quick-guide-trumps-false-claims-about-ukraine-bidens/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/23/politics/fact-check-trump-ukraine-hunter-biden-joe-biden/index.html|title=Fact check: What Trump has been getting wrong on Biden and Ukraine|first=Daniel|last=Dale|publisher=CNN|date=September 25, 2020|access-date=November 14, 2020|archive-date=November 20, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201120000522/https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/23/politics/fact-check-trump-ukraine-hunter-biden-joe-biden/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>In March 2016 testimony to the [[Senate Foreign Relations Committee]], former ambassador to Ukraine [[John E. Herbst]] said, "By late fall of 2015, the EU and the United States joined the chorus of those seeking Mr. Shokin's removal" and that Joe Biden "spoke publicly about this before and during his December visit to Kyiv." During the same hearing, assistant secretary of state [[Victoria Nuland]] said, "We have pegged our next $1{{nbsp}}billion loan guarantee, first and foremost, to having a rebooting of the reform coalition so that we know who we are working with, but secondarily, to ensuring that the prosecutor general's office gets cleaned up."{{cite web |title=Ukrainian Reforms Two Years After the Maidan Revolution and the Russian Invasion |publisher=U.S. Government Publishing Office |url=https://www.foreign.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/03%2015%2016%20Ukrainian%20Reforms%20Two%20Years%20After%20the%20Maidan%20Revolution%20and%20the%20Russian%20Invasion.pdf |date=March 15, 2016 |access-date=November 14, 2020 |archive-date=November 19, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191119210006/https://www.foreign.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/03%2015%2016%20Ukrainian%20Reforms%20Two%20Years%20After%20the%20Maidan%20Revolution%20and%20the%20Russian%20Invasion.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

Throughout 2019, Biden stayed generally ahead of other Democrats in national polls.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wpsdlocal6.com/news/nbc-wsj-poll-former-vice-president-joe-biden-frontrunner-in/article_24e6b0ee-2256-11ea-9a8d-e79be1ad7f68.html|title=NBC/WSJ poll: Former Vice-President Joe Biden frontrunner in race for Democratic nomination|date=December 19, 2019|publisher=[[WPSD-TV]]|access-date=February 10, 2020|archive-date=February 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213155327/https://www.wpsdlocal6.com/news/nbc-wsj-poll-former-vice-president-joe-biden-frontrunner-in/article_24e6b0ee-2256-11ea-9a8d-e79be1ad7f68.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/biden-is-the-front-runner-but-there-is-no-clear-favorite/|title=Biden Is The Front-Runner, But There's No Clear Favorite|last=Silver|first=Nate|date=January 10, 2020|work=FiveThirtyEight|access-date=February 10, 2020|archive-date=February 14, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200214220639/https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/biden-is-the-front-runner-but-there-is-no-clear-favorite/|url-status=live}}</ref> Despite this, he finished fourth in the [[2020 Iowa caucuses|Iowa caucuses]], and eight days later, fifth in the [[New Hampshire presidential primary|New Hampshire primary]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=2020 Iowa Democratic Caucuses Live Results|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/elections/election-results/iowa/|date=February 3, 2020|website=The Washington Post|access-date=March 22, 2020|archive-date=December 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207234356/https://www.washingtonpost.com/elections/election-results/iowa/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=February 11, 2020|title=New Hampshire results|work=NBC News|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2020-primary-elections/new-hampshire-results|access-date=February 12, 2020|archive-date=February 12, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200212082135/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/2020-primary-elections/new-hampshire-results|url-status=live}}</ref> He performed better in the [[Nevada presidential caucuses|Nevada caucuses]], reaching the 15% required for delegates, but still was behind [[Bernie Sanders 2020 presidential campaign|Bernie Sanders]] by 21.6 percentage points.<ref>{{Cite web|title=2020 Nevada Caucus Results|url=https://www.politico.com/2020-election/results/nevada/|access-date=November 14, 2020|website=[[Politico]]|archive-date=November 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115105350/https://www.politico.com/2020-election/results/nevada/|url-status=live}}</ref> Making strong appeals to black voters on the campaign trail and in the South Carolina debate, Biden won the [[2020 South Carolina Democratic primary|South Carolina primary]] by more than 28 points.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://apnews.com/article/b9872b58b495fd17044f359338ab3f2a|title=Biden wins South Carolina, aims for Super Tuesday momentum|date=February 29, 2020|publisher=Associated Press|access-date=March 1, 2020|first1=Steve|first2=Meg|last1=Kinnard|first3=Bill|last2=Barrow|last3=x|archive-date=February 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200229231101/https://apnews.com/b9872b58b495fd17044f359338ab3f2a|url-status=live}}</ref> After the withdrawals and subsequent endorsements of candidates [[Pete Buttigieg]] and [[Amy Klobuchar]], he made large gains in the March{{nbsp}}3 [[Super Tuesday]] primary elections. Biden won [[Results of the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries|18 of the next 26 contests]], including Alabama, Arkansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia, putting him in the lead overall.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Montanaro |first1=Domenico |date=March 4, 2020 |access-date=November 14, 2020 |title=5 Takeaways From Super Tuesday And Joe Biden's Big Night |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/03/04/811868704/5-takeaways-from-super-tuesday-and-joe-bidens-big-night |publisher=NPR |archive-date=November 13, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201113205101/https://www.npr.org/2020/03/04/811868704/5-takeaways-from-super-tuesday-and-joe-bidens-big-night |url-status=live }}</ref> Elizabeth Warren and Mike Bloomberg soon dropped out, and Biden expanded his lead with victories over Sanders in four states (Idaho, Michigan, Mississippi, and Missouri) on March 10.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/11/politics/2020-primary-election-takeaways/index.html|title=5 takeaways as Biden takes command of Democratic race on Super Tuesday II|publisher=CNN|access-date=March 11, 2020|date=March 11, 2020|first1=Eric|last1=Bradner|first2=Gregory|last2=Krieg|first3=Dan|last3=Merica|archive-date=March 11, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200311093752/https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/11/politics/2020-primary-election-takeaways/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

When Sanders suspended his campaign on April 8, 2020, Biden became the Democratic Party's [[presumptive nominee]] for president.<ref name="NYT4-8-2020">{{Cite news|last=Ember|first=Sydney|date=April 8, 2020|title=Bernie Sanders Drops Out of 2020 Democratic Race for President|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/08/us/politics/bernie-sanders-drops-out.html|access-date=April 8, 2020|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=April 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408160232/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/08/us/politics/bernie-sanders-drops-out.html|url-status=live}}</ref> On April 13, Sanders endorsed Biden in a live-streamed discussion from their homes.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/13/us/politics/bernie-sanders-joe-biden-endorsement.html|title=Bernie Sanders Endorses Joe Biden for President|last1=Ember|first1=Sydney|last2=Glueck|first2=Katie|date=April 13, 2020|work=The New York Times|access-date=April 13, 2020|archive-date=April 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413182004/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/13/us/politics/bernie-sanders-joe-biden-endorsement.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Former President [[Barack Obama]] endorsed Biden the next day.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Merica |first=Dan |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/14/politics/obama-endorses-biden/index.html |title=Obama endorses Biden for president in video message |date=April 14, 2020 |publisher=CNN |access-date=April 14, 2020 |archive-date=April 14, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200414183659/https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/14/politics/obama-endorses-biden/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In March 2020, Biden committed to choosing a woman as his running mate.<ref>{{cite news|title=Joe Biden commits to picking a woman as his running mate|work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]]|url=https://www.axios.com/joe-biden-woman-running-mate-6add0a5b-2600-43b0-8e83-b38d74042881.html|date=March 16, 2020|access-date=May 3, 2020|archive-date=October 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201008164423/https://www.axios.com/joe-biden-woman-running-mate-6add0a5b-2600-43b0-8e83-b38d74042881.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In June, Biden met the 1,991-delegate threshold needed to secure the party's presidential nomination.<ref name="delegates">{{Cite news|last=Linskey|first=Annie|date=June 9, 2020|title=Biden clinches the Democratic nomination after securing more than 1,991 delegates|work=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/biden-clinches-the-democratic-nomination-after-securing-more-than-1991-delegates/2020/06/09/ee8a4e66-a7e3-11ea-b473-04905b1af82b_story.html|access-date=January 27, 2021}}</ref> On August 11, he announced U.S. Senator [[Kamala Harris]] of [[California]] as his running mate, making her the first [[African American]] and first [[South Asian American]] vice-presidential nominee on a major-party ticket.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-53739323 |title=Biden VP pick: Kamala Harris chosen as running mate |website=BBC News |date=August 11, 2020 |access-date=August 11, 2020 |archive-date=October 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010223842/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-53739323 |url-status=live }}</ref>

On August 18, 2020, Biden was officially nominated at the [[2020 Democratic National Convention]] as the Democratic Party nominee for president in the [[2020 United States presidential election|2020 election]].<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=DNC Nominates Joe Biden to Lead Nation Through Pandemic |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/democrats-to-nominate-joe-biden-bill-clinton-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-to-speak-11597777946 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |date=August 18, 2020 |access-date=August 19, 2020 |first1=Joshua |last1=Jamerson |first2=Chad |last2=Day |archive-date=August 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200818221830/https://www.wsj.com/articles/democrats-to-nominate-joe-biden-bill-clinton-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-to-speak-11597777946 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author= |title=Joe Biden officially becomes the Democratic Party's nominee on convention's second night |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/elections/2020/08/18/democratic-national-convention-live-updates/ |work=[[The Washington Post]] |date=August 19, 2020 |access-date=August 19, 2020 |first1=Toluse |last1=Olorunnipa |first2=Chelsea |last2=Janes |first3=Felicia |last3=Sonmez |first4=Colby |last4=Itkowitz |first5=John |last5=Wagner |archive-date=November 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117190515/https://www.washingtonpost.com/elections/2020/08/18/democratic-national-convention-live-updates/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Schultz |first=Marisa |date=August 18, 2020 |title=Democrats formally nominate Joe Biden for president in virtual roll call |url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/democrats-formally-nominate-joe-biden-to-be-2020-presidential-nominee |publisher=[[Fox News]] |access-date=August 19, 2020 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115190502/https://www.foxnews.com/politics/democrats-formally-nominate-joe-biden-to-be-2020-presidential-nominee |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Allegations of inappropriate physical contact ===
Biden has been accused several times of inappropriate non-sexual contact, such as embracing, kissing, and other forms of physical contact.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2019/3/29/18241598/joe-biden-lucy-flores-touching-women-media-history-explained|access-date=December 30, 2019|title=Lucy Flores isn't alone. Joe Biden's got a long history of touching women inappropriately.|last=McGann|first=Laura|date=March 29, 2019|website=Vox|archive-date=June 20, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090225/https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2019/3/29/18241598/joe-biden-lucy-flores-touching-women-media-history-explained/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="NBCNewYork">{{cite web|title=Biden Charms Photographers, Frightens Children at Final Swearing-In as VP|url=https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/national-international/joe-biden-final-congressional-swearing-in-as-vp/2083691/|publisher=WNBC|access-date=March 26, 2020|date=January 3, 2017|archive-date=March 26, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200326020014/https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/national-international/joe-biden-final-congressional-swearing-in-as-vp/2083691/|url-status=live}}</ref> He has described himself as a "tactile politician" and admitted this behavior has caused trouble for him in the past.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-joe-biden-kiss-lucy-flores-20190329-story.html |title=Nevada Democrat accuses Joe Biden of touching and kissing her without consent at 2014 event |access-date=December 30, 2019 |last=Brice-Saddler |first=Michael |date=March 29, 2019 |website=Los Angeles Times |archive-date=June 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090227/https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-joe-biden-kiss-lucy-flores-20190329-story.html/ |url-status=live }}</ref> By 2015, a series of swearings-in and other events at which Biden had placed his hands on people and talked closely to them attracted attention in the press and on social media.<ref>{{cite news|last=Henderson|first=Nia-Malika|date=February 17, 2015|title=Joe Biden takes 'being Biden' to new heights (or depths)|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2015/02/17/joe-biden-takes-being-biden-to-new-heights-or-lows/|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=July 12, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150712203358/http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2015/02/17/joe-biden-takes-being-biden-to-new-heights-or-lows/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Peralta|first=Eyder|date=February 17, 2015|title=Joe Biden Gets A Bit Too Close To New Secretary Of Defense's Wife|publisher=NPR|url=https://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2015/02/17/387035292/joe-biden-gets-a-bit-too-close-to-new-secretary-of-defenses-wife|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=May 2, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150502182331/http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2015/02/17/387035292/joe-biden-gets-a-bit-too-close-to-new-secretary-of-defenses-wife|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Visentin|first=Lisa|date=February 18, 2015|title=US Vice-President Joe Biden in new 'creepy' photo with wife of Defence Secretary Ashton Carter|newspaper=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/us-vicepresident-joe-biden-in-new-creepy-photo-with-wife-of-defence-secretary-ashton-carter-20150218-13hp6a.html|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=January 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115190456/https://www.smh.com.au/world/us-vicepresident-joe-biden-in-new-creepy-photo-with-wife-of-defence-secretary-ashton-carter-20150218-13hp6a.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Various people defended Biden, including a senator who issued a statement,<ref>{{cite news|last=Henderson|first=Nia-Malika|date=January 11, 2015|title=Coons: My daughter doesn't think Joe Biden is 'creepy'|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-politics/wp/2015/01/11/coons-my-daughter-doesnt-think-joe-biden-is-creepy/|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=December 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201208185505/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/post-politics/wp/2015/01/11/coons-my-daughter-doesnt-think-joe-biden-is-creepy/|url-status=live}}</ref> as well as Stephanie Carter, a woman whose photograph with Biden had gone viral, who described the photo as "misleadingly extracted from what was a longer moment between close friends".<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2019/04/01/stephanie-carter-defends-joe-biden/3329501002/|title= Wife of ex-Defense secretary defends Biden, says viral photo of them used 'misleadingly'|website= USA Today|access-date= November 19, 2020|archive-date= November 24, 2020|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201124225055/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2019/04/01/stephanie-carter-defends-joe-biden/3329501002/|url-status= live}}</ref> In February 2016, Biden gave a speech about sexual assault awareness at the [[88th Academy Awards]], before introducing [[Lady Gaga]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-awards-oscars-biden-idUSKCN0W20CM|title=At Oscars, VP Joe Biden and Lady Gaga spotlight sexual assault|first=Piya|last=Sinha-Roy|publisher=Reuters|date=February 29, 2016|access-date=November 18, 2020|archive-date=January 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115190455/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-awards-oscars-biden-idUSKCN0W20CM|url-status=live}}</ref>

In March 2019, former Nevada assemblywoman [[Lucy Flores]] alleged that Biden had touched her without her consent at a 2014 campaign rally in Las Vegas. In an op-ed, Flores wrote that Biden had walked up behind her, put his hands on her shoulders, smelled her hair, and kissed the back of her head, adding that the way he touched her was "an intimate way reserved for close friends, family, or romantic partners—and I felt powerless to do anything about it."<ref name="O'Connor">{{cite news |last=O'Connor |first=Lydia |title=Ex-Nevada Assemblywoman Says Joe Biden Inappropriately Kissed Her |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/joe-biden-lucy-flores-kiss_n_5c9e8025e4b0474c08cea7aa |access-date=March 29, 2019 |work=HuffPost |date=March 29, 2019 |archive-date=June 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090230/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/joe-biden-lucy-flores-kiss_n_5c9e8025e4b0474c08cea7aa |url-status=live }}</ref> Biden's spokesman said Biden did not recall the behavior described.<ref name="Taylor">{{cite news |last=Taylor |first=Jessica |title=Former Nevada Candidate Accuses Biden Of Unwanted Touching, Which He Doesn't 'Recall' |url=https://www.npr.org/2019/03/29/708232869/former-nevada-candidate-accuses-biden-of-unwanted-touching-which-he-doesnt-recal |access-date=March 29, 2019 |publisher=NPR |date=March 29, 2019 |archive-date=June 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090232/https://www.npr.org/2019/03/29/708232869/former-nevada-candidate-accuses-biden-of-unwanted-touching-which-he-doesnt-recal/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Two days later, Amy Lappos, a former congressional aide to [[Jim Himes]], said Biden touched her in a non-sexual but inappropriate way by holding her head to rub noses with her at a political fundraiser in Greenwich in 2009.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.courant.com/politics/hc-pol-biden-grabbed-aide-20190401-vl7chim3hrdjtcwu2tszrhozzm-story.html |title=Connecticut woman says then-Vice President Joe Biden touched her inappropriately at a Greenwich fundraiser in 2009 |work=[[Hartford Courant]] |last=Vigdor |first=Neil |date=April 1, 2019 |access-date=April 1, 2019 |archive-date=June 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090235/https://www.courant.com/politics/hc-pol-biden-grabbed-aide-20190401-vl7chim3hrdjtcwu2tszrhozzm-story.html/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The next day, two more women came forward with allegations of unwanted touching claiming that he touched a woman's leg during a meeting, and that he placed his hand on a woman's back during a photo.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/437069-two-more-women-accuse-biden-of-inappropriate-touching |title=Two more women accuse Biden of inappropriate touching |first=Michael |last=Burke |date=April 2, 2019 |website=The Hill |access-date=December 30, 2019 |archive-date=June 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090238/https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/437069-two-more-women-accuse-biden-of-inappropriate-touching/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/02/us/politics/joe-biden-women-me-too.html |title=Biden's Tactile Politics Threaten His Return in the #MeToo Era |first1=Sheryl Gay |last1=Stolberg |first2=Sydney |last2=Ember |date=April 2, 2019 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=December 30, 2019 |archive-date=June 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090239/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/02/us/politics/joe-biden-women-me-too.html/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In early April 2019, three women told ''The Washington Post'' Biden had touched them in ways that made them feel uncomfortable.<ref name="WaPoColl">{{cite web|last1=Viebeck|first1=Elise|last2=Viser|first2=Matt|last3=Itkowitz|first3=Colby|work=The Washington Post|title=Three more women accuse Biden of unwanted affection, say apology video doesn't quell concerns|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/biden-says-hell-adjust-his-physical-behavior-as-three-more-women-come-forward/2019/04/03/94a2ed2c-5622-11e9-8ef3-fbd41a2ce4d5_story.html|date=April 3, 2019|access-date=March 29, 2020|archive-date=June 17, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617175554/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/biden-says-hell-adjust-his-physical-behavior-as-three-more-women-come-forward/2019/04/03/94a2ed2c-5622-11e9-8ef3-fbd41a2ce4d5_story.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Also in April 2019, former Biden staffer Tara Reade said she had felt uncomfortable on several occasions when Biden touched her on her shoulder and neck during her employment in his Senate office in 1993.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Riquelmy |first1=Alan |title=Nevada County woman says Joe Biden inappropriately touched her while working in his U.S. Senate office |url=https://www.theunion.com/news/nevada-county-woman-says-joe-biden-inappropriately-touched-her-while-working-in-his-u-s-senate-office/ |access-date=April 14, 2020 |work=The Union |date=April 3, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401210312/https://www.theunion.com/news/nevada-county-woman-says-joe-biden-inappropriately-touched-her-while-working-in-his-u-s-senate-office/ |archive-date=April 1, 2020 |quote=He used to put his hand on my shoulder and run his finger up my neck.}}</ref> In March 2020, Reade accused him of a [[Joe Biden sexual assault allegation|1993 sexual assault]].<ref name="nytimesallegations">{{cite news |last1=Lerer |first1=Lisa |last2=Ember |first2=Sydney |title=Examining Tara Reade's Sexual Assault Allegation Against Joe Biden |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/12/us/politics/joe-biden-tara-reade-sexual-assault-complaint.html |access-date=April 14, 2020 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=April 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200414043025/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/12/us/politics/joe-biden-tara-reade-sexual-assault-complaint.html |archive-date=April 14, 2020}}</ref> Biden and his campaign vehemently denied the allegation.<ref name="WaPoDenial">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/sexual-assault-allegation-by-former-biden-senate-aide-emerges-in-campaign-draws-denial/2020/04/12/bc070d66-7067-11ea-b148-e4ce3fbd85b5_story.html|title=Sexual assault allegation by former Biden Senate aide emerges in campaign, draws denial|date=April 12, 2020|access-date=April 14, 2020|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|first1=Beth|last1=Reinhard|first2=Elise|last2=Viebeck|first3=Matt|last3=Viser|first4=Alice|last4=Crites|archive-date=April 28, 2020|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200428141345/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/sexual-assault-allegation-by-former-biden-senate-aide-emerges-in-campaign-draws-denial/2020/04/12/bc070d66-7067-11ea-b148-e4ce3fbd85b5_story.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Phillips|first=Amber|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2020/04/30/who-is-tara-reade-biden-accuser/|title=What we know about Tara Reade's sexual assault allegation against Joe Biden|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=May 1, 2020|access-date=May 1, 2020|archive-date=June 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200618153105/https://www.washingtonpost.com//politics/2020/04/30/who-is-tara-reade-biden-accuser/|url-status=live}}</ref> ''[[The New York Times]]'' investigated and "found no pattern of sexual misconduct by Mr. Biden".<ref name="nytimesallegations"/>

Biden apologized for not understanding how people would react to his actions, but said his intentions were honorable and that he would be more "mindful of people's personal space". He went on to say he was not sorry for anything he had ever done, which led critics to accuse him of sending a mixed message.<ref>Multiple sources: {{cite news | url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-biden-rebound-effort-20190405-story.html | title=As Joe Biden struggles to shed baggage, other Democrats move forward | work=[[Los Angeles Times]] | date=April 5, 2019 | access-date=April 27, 2020 | first1=Janet | last1=Hook | first2=Evan | last2=Halper | archive-date=June 20, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090249/https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-biden-rebound-effort-20190405-story.html/ | url-status=live }} {{Cite news|last1=Ember|first1=Sydney|last2=Martin|first2=Jonathan|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/03/us/politics/joe-biden-women-video.html|title=Joe Biden, in video, says he will be 'more mindful' of personal space|date=April 3, 2019|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=March 28, 2020|archive-date=June 20, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620090251/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/03/us/politics/joe-biden-women-video.html/|url-status=live}} {{Cite news|last=Blake|first=Aaron|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/04/03/bidens-new-video-is-well-done-its-still-non-apology/|title=Biden's new video is well done. But it's not an apology|date=April 3, 2019|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|access-date=March 28, 2020|archive-date=June 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615071843/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/04/03/bidens-new-video-is-well-done-its-still-non-apology/|url-status=live}}</ref> Arwa Mahdawi of ''The Guardian'' said it was "frustrating to see conservatives... weaponize the accusations against Biden", but that it was "also frustrating to see so many liberals turn a blind eye".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/28/joe-biden-sexual-assault-allegations-why-has-media-ignored-claims|title=Why has the media ignored sexual assault and misbehaviour allegations against Biden?|last=Mahdawi|first=Arwa|website=theguardian.com|date=March 28, 2020|access-date=24 February 2021}}</ref>

=== Presidential transition ===
{{further|Presidential transition of Joe Biden}}
Biden was elected the 46th president of the United States in November 2020. He defeated the incumbent, Donald Trump, becoming the first candidate to defeat a sitting president since Bill Clinton defeated [[George H. W. Bush|George H.{{nbsp}}W. Bush]] in [[1992 United States presidential election|1992]]. On November{{nbsp}}23, [[General Services Administration|General Services Administrator]] [[Emily W. Murphy]] formally recognized Biden as the apparent winner of the 2020 election and authorized the start of a transition process to the Biden administration.<ref>{{cite news|work=[[CNN]]|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/11/23/politics/transition-biden-gsa-begin/index.html|title=First on CNN: GSA tells Biden that transition can formally begin|author1=Kristen Holmes|author2=Jeremy Herb|date=November 23, 2020|access-date=November 23, 2020|archive-date=November 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123232709/https://www.cnn.com/2020/11/23/politics/transition-biden-gsa-begin/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Donald Trump]] refused to concede to Biden, propping up [[QAnon]] and other [[conspiracy theories]] relating to the legitimacy of the [[mail-in voting]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.inquirer.com/opinion/capitol-trump-inaugural-troops-boogaloo-qanon-proud-boys-20210114.html|title= The violence and conspiracy theories Trump fueled will threaten America long after he leaves|website= The Philadelphia Inquirer|access-date= February 9, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/presidential-election-2020-conspiracy-theories-debunked/|title= 6 conspiracy theories about the 2020 election – debunked|website= CBS News|access-date= February 9, 2021}}</ref> After Trump exhausted his legal options, he furthered conspiracy theories and endorsed his supporters and theorists linked to QAnon to find ways [[Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election|to overturn the 2020 election]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2021/01/16/957291939/can-the-forces-unleashed-by-trumps-big-election-lie-be-undone|title= Can The Forces Unleashed By Trump's Big Election Lie Be Undone?|website= NPR|access-date= February 9, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/tommybeer/2021/01/30/romney-rebukes-marjorie-taylor-greene-and-trump-lies-of-a-feather-flock-together/?sh=47ee4a5e7bd6|title= Romney Rebukes Marjorie Taylor Greene And Trump: 'Lies Of A Feather Flock Together'|website= Forbes|first=Tommy|last=Beer|access-date= February 9, 2021}}</ref>

On January 6, 2021, during Congress's electoral vote count, Trump told supporters gathered in front of the [[White House]] to march to the Capitol, saying, "We will never give up. We will never concede. It doesn't happen. You don't concede when there's theft involved."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usnews.com/news/politics/articles/2021-01-13/transcript-of-trumps-speech-at-rally-before-us-capitol-riot|title= Transcript of Trump's Speech at Rally Before US Capitol Riot|website= US News|access-date= February 9, 2021}}</ref> Soon after, they [[storming of the United States Capitol|stormed the Capitol]]. During the insurrection at the Capitol, Biden addressed the nation, calling the events "an unprecedented assault unlike anything we've seen in modern times." He specifically called on Trump to "go on national television now to fulfill his oath and defend the Constitution and demand an end to this siege", adding "It must end now."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://people.com/politics/biden-speaks-capitol-riots/|title= Joe Biden Calls on Donald Trump to 'Step Up' amid Chaos Led by 'Extremists' at Capitol|website= People|first=Lindsay|last=Kimble|access-date= February 9, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-us-capitol-c68378d16055c53e3942da66e968ea6b|title= Biden urges restoring decency after 'assault' on democracy|website= Associated Press|access-date= February 9, 2021}}</ref> After the Capitol was cleared, Congress resumed its joint session and officially certified the election results with Pence declaring Biden and Harris the winners.<ref name = USATODAY>{{Cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2021/01/06/congress-count-electoral-college-votes-biden-win/6556555002/|author1=King, Ledyard|author2=Groppe, Maureen|author3=Wu, Nicholas|author4=Jansen, Bart|author5=Subramanian, Courtney|author6=Garrison, Joey|title=Pence confirms Biden as winner, officially ending electoral count after day of violence at Capitol|website=[[USA Today]]|access-date=January 7, 2021|date=January 6, 2021|url-status=live|archive-date=January 7, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107100543/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2021/01/06/congress-count-electoral-college-votes-biden-win/6556555002/}}</ref>

In December 2020, Biden received his first dose of the [[Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine]] at the [[Christiana Hospital]] in [[Delaware]], publicly taking the vaccine on live television to build trust in the vaccine and to encourage Americans to get inoculated.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Higgins |first1=Tucker |date=December 21, 2020|title=Joe Biden receives Covid vaccine on live television, encourages Americans to get inoculated |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2020/12/21/joe-biden-receives-covid-vaccine-on-live-televisio.html |website=CNBC |access-date=February 5, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last1=Karni|first1=Annie|last2=Weiland|first2=Noah|date=December 21, 2020|title=Biden receives the coronavirus vaccine.|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/21/us/biden-coronavirus-vaccine.html|access-date=January 15, 2021|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=January 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114033749/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/21/us/biden-coronavirus-vaccine.html|url-status=live}}</ref> He returned for his second dose in January 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kalich|first=Sydney|date=January 11, 2021|title=President-elect Biden receives final COVID-19 vaccine dose|url=https://www.wiproud.com/news/washington-dc/president-elect-biden-to-get-final-covid-19-vaccine-dose/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115080842/https://www.wiproud.com/news/washington-dc/president-elect-biden-to-get-final-covid-19-vaccine-dose/|archive-date=January 15, 2021|access-date=January 15, 2021|website=FOX2548 & WIProud|language=en-US}}</ref>

==President (2021–present)==
{{Main|Presidency of Joe Biden}}
{{For timeline|Timeline of the Joe Biden presidency}}
{{See also|Cabinet of Joe Biden}}
[[File:President Biden taking oath of office (cropped).png|thumb|Biden takes [[Oath of office of the President of the United States|the oath of office]] administered by [[Chief Justice of the United States|Chief Justice]] [[John Roberts|John G. Roberts Jr.]] at [[United States Capitol|the Capitol]], January 20, 2021]]
[[Inauguration of Joe Biden|Biden was inaugurated]] as the 46th president of the United States on January 20, 2021.<ref name="hunnicutt">{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-biden-inauguration/assuming-u-s-presidency-biden-tells-divided-nation-democracy-has-prevailed-idUSKBN29P0HG|title=Taking helm of divided nation, U.S. President Biden calls for end to 'uncivil war'|date=January 20, 2021|last1=Hunnicutt|first1=Trevor|last2=Zengerle|first2=Patricia|last3=Renshaw|first3=Jarrett|work=Reuters|access-date=January 20, 2021|archive-date=January 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120171341/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-biden-inauguration/assuming-u-s-presidency-biden-tells-divided-nation-democracy-has-prevailed-idUSKBN29P0HG|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=January 20, 2021|title=Biden inauguration: New president sworn in amid Trump snub|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-55736856|access-date=January 20, 2021|archive-date=January 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120145011/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-55736856|url-status=live}}</ref>{{refn|name=GSA01b|group=n|Like previous potential transition teams, such as that of unsuccessful candidate [[Mitt Romney]] in [[Planned presidential transition of Mitt Romney|2012]], the Biden transition team remained eligible for government funding in accordance with the [[Pre-Election Presidential Transition Act of 2010]],<ref name="parker">{{cite news|last1=Parker|first1=Ashley|title=Campaigning Aside, Team Plans a Romney Presidency|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/17/us/politics/mitt-romneys-transition-team-is-hard-at-work.html?_r=0|access-date=January 22, 2016|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=August 16, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205184839/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/17/us/politics/mitt-romneys-transition-team-is-hard-at-work.html?_r=0|archive-date=February 5, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="nr">{{cite news|last1=Fund|first1=John|title=What was Romney Planning?|url=http://www.nationalreview.com/article/338182/what-was-romney-planning-john-fund|access-date=January 22, 2016|work=[[National Review]]|date=January 13, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131073601/http://www.nationalreview.com/article/338182/what-was-romney-planning-john-fund|archive-date=January 31, 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> and Biden had been eligible to receive classified intelligence briefings since his nomination in August.<ref name=CBS2020-09-18-01a>{{cite news|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/biden-receives-first-classified-intelligence-briefing/|work=CBS News|title=Biden receives first classified intelligence briefing |date=September 18, 2020 |first1=Olivia |last1=Gazis |first2=Bo |last2=Erickson |first3=Grace |last3=Segers |access-date=October 22, 2020 |archive-date=November 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201101043140/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/biden-receives-first-classified-intelligence-briefing/|url-status=live}}</ref> At least some government agencies had reportedly started their transition plans as early as November{{nbsp}}9, 2020, with airspace being restricted over his home, and "the Secret Service{{nbsp}}... using agents from its presidential protective detail for the president-elect and his family."<ref name=TribuneIndia2020-11-09-01a>{{cite news|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/health/trump-faces-calls-to-work-with-biden-team-on-transition-168288|newspaper=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]]|title=Trump faces calls to work with Biden team on transition|date=November 9, 2020|access-date=November 9, 2020|archive-date=January 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115190525/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/health/trump-faces-calls-to-work-with-biden-team-on-transition-168288|url-status=live}}</ref>}} At 78, he is the oldest person to have assumed the office.<ref name="hunnicutt"/> He is the second [[Catholic]] president (after [[John F. Kennedy]])<ref>{{Cite web|author=NBC News|date=January 19, 2021|title=Biden to become the second Catholic president in U.S. history, after JFK|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/now/video/biden-to-become-the-second-catholic-president-in-u-s-history-after-jfk-99673157918|access-date=January 20, 2021|website=NBC News|language=en|archive-date=January 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119212606/https://www.nbcnews.com/now/video/biden-to-become-the-second-catholic-president-in-u-s-history-after-jfk-99673157918|url-status=live}}</ref> and the first president whose home state is [[Delaware]].<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Cormier|first1=Ryan|last2=Talorico|first2=Patricia|date=November 7, 2020|title=Delaware history is made: The First State gets its first president in Joe Biden|url=https://www.delawareonline.com/story/news/politics/2020/11/07/one-us-delaware-pride-soars-biden-makes-history/6121243002/|access-date=January 20, 2021|website=The News Journal|language=en-US|archive-date=November 8, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108021346/https://www.delawareonline.com/story/news/politics/2020/11/07/one-us-delaware-pride-soars-biden-makes-history/6121243002/|url-status=live}}</ref> He is the second non-incumbent vice president (after [[Richard Nixon]] in [[1968 United States presidential election|1968]]) to be elected president.<ref name="Azari">{{Cite news|last=Azari|first=Julia|date=August 20, 2020|title=Biden Had To Fight For The Presidential Nomination. But Most VPs Have To.|work=FiveThirtyEight|url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/biden-had-to-fight-for-the-presidential-nomination-but-most-vps-have-to/|url-status=live|access-date=August 25, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117190453/https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/biden-had-to-fight-for-the-presidential-nomination-but-most-vps-have-to/|archive-date=November 17, 2020}}</ref>

In his first two days as president, Biden signed 17 executive orders, more than most recent presidents did in their first 100 days. By his third day, orders had included rejoining the [[Paris Agreement|Paris Climate Agreement]], ending the state of national emergency at the [[Mexico–United States border|border with Mexico]], directing the government to rejoin the [[World Health Organization]], [[100 Days Masking Challenge|face mask requirements]] on [[Federal lands|federal property]], measures to combat [[hunger in the United States]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=January 20, 2021|title=Biden's first act: Orders on pandemic, climate, immigration|url=https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-executive-orders-b5b409da08e42414b9a12e2c67ee2df6|access-date=January 21, 2021|website=Associated Press|archive-date=January 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120230130/https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-executive-orders-b5b409da08e42414b9a12e2c67ee2df6|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Erikson|first=Bo|date=January 20, 2021|title=Biden signs executive actions on COVID, climate change, immigration and more|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/biden-executive-orders-watch-live-stream-today-2021-01-20/|access-date=January 21, 2021|website=CBS News|language=en-US|archive-date=January 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120233631/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/biden-executive-orders-watch-live-stream-today-2021-01-20/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref >{{cite web|url= https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2021/01/22/joe-biden-is-taking-executive-action-at-a-record-pace|title= Joe Biden is taking executive action at a record pace|work= [[The Economist]]|date= January 22, 2021|access-date= January 23, 2021|archive-date= January 24, 2021|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210124002448/https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/2021/01/22/joe-biden-is-taking-executive-action-at-a-record-pace|url-status= live}}</ref><ref >{{cite web|url= https://www.politico.com/news/2021/01/22/biden-executive-orders-hunger-workers-461270 |title= Biden signs executive orders aimed at combating hunger, protecting workers|work= [[Politico]]|date = January 22, 2021|access-date=January 23, 2021}}</ref> and revoking permits for the construction of the [[Keystone XL pipeline]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Allassan|first1=Fadel|first2=Ursula|last2=Perano|date=January 20, 2021|title=Biden will issue executive order to rescind Keystone XL pipeline permit|url=https://www.axios.com/biden-keystone-pipeline-9ffcedfb-42c1-4778-8183-27d858f0c966.html|work=Axios|access-date=January 25, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Massie|first=Graeme|date=January 23, 2021|title=Canada's Trudeau 'disappointed' with Biden order to cancel Keystone pipeline|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trudeau-biden-keystone-xl-pipeline-b1791756.html|work=The Independent|access-date=January 25, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last1=Volcovici|first1=Rod |last2=Nickel|first2=Valerie|date=January 21, 2021|title=TC Energy cuts jobs as Keystone pipeline nixed, but markets start to move on|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-biden-keystone-idUSKBN29Q1T8|access-date=January 24, 2021}}</ref> In his first two weeks in office, Biden signed more executive orders than any other president since [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] had in their first month in office.<ref name="With 28 Executive Orders Signed, President Biden Is Off To A Record Start">{{cite web |last1=Keith |first1=Tamara |date=February 3, 2021 |title=With 28 Executive Orders Signed, President Biden Is Off To A Record Start |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/02/03/963380189/with-28-executive-orders-signed-president-biden-is-off-to-a-record-start |website=NPR |access-date=4 February 2021}}</ref>

On February 4, 2021, the Biden administration announced that the United States was ending its support for the [[Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen|Saudi-led bombing campaign]] in [[Yemen]]. In his first visit to the State Department as president, Biden said "this war has to end" and that the conflict had created a "humanitarian and strategic catastrophe".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Knickmeyer |first1=Ellen |date=February 5, 2021 |title=Biden ending US support for Saudi-led offensive in Yemen |url=https://apnews.com/article/biden-end-support-saudi-offenseive-yemen-b68f58493dbfc530b9fcfdb80a13098f |website=Associated Press |access-date=February 5, 2021}}</ref> On February 25, the Biden administration "[[February 2021 United States airstrike in Syria|struck a site]] in [[Syria]] used by two Iranian-backed militia groups in response to rocket attacks on American forces in the region in the past two weeks". This marked the first known action by the military under Biden.<ref name="syria_strikes">{{cite web |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/02/25/politics/us-iraq-iran/index.html |title=US carries out air strikes in Syria targeting Iranian backed militias |first1=Barbara |first2=Oren |first3=Nicole |last1=Starr |last2=Liebermann |last3=Gaouette |date=February 25, 2021 |publisher=[[CNN]] |access-date=March 2, 2021}}</ref>

[[File:Cabinet of President Joe Biden in 2021.jpg|thumb|left|Biden with the [[Cabinet of the United States]], April 2021]]
On March 11, 2021, the first anniversary of COVID-19 being declared a global pandemic by the [[World Health Organization]], Biden signed into law the [[American Rescue Plan Act of 2021]], a $1.9 trillion [[Stimulus (economics)|economic stimulus]] relief package he proposed and lobbied for that aimed to speed up the United States' recovery from the [[Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|economic]] and health effects of the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|COVID-19 pandemic]] and the ongoing [[COVID-19 recession#United States|recession]].<ref>[[U.S. Congress]], ''[https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/1319 H.R. 1319]'', United States Congress, March 11, 2021</ref> The package included direct payments to most Americans, an extension of increased unemployment benefits, funds for vaccine distribution and school reopenings, support for small businesses and state and local governments, and expansions of health insurance subsidies and the child tax credit. Biden's initial proposal included an increase of the [[Minimum wage in the United States|federal minimum wage]] to $15 per hour, but after [[Parliamentarian of the United States Senate|Senate parliamentarian]] [[Elizabeth MacDonough]] determined that including the increase in a [[budget reconciliation]] bill would violate Senate rules, Democrats declined to pursue overruling her and removed the increase from the package.<ref name="cnn.com">{{Cite web |last1=Luhby |first1=Tami |last2=Lobosco |first2=Katie |date=2021-01-14 |title=Here's what's in Biden's $1.9 trillion economic rescue package |url=https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/14/politics/biden-economic-rescue-package-coronavirus-stimulus/index.html |access-date=2021-01-16 |website=CNN}}</ref><ref name="nytimes.com">{{Cite news |last1=Tankersley |first1=Jim |last2=Crowley |first2=Michael |date=2021-01-14 |title=Here are the highlights of Biden's $1.9 trillion 'American Rescue Plan.' |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/14/us/biden-american-rescue-plan.html |access-date=2021-01-16 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Kaplan |first1=Thomas |title=What's in the Stimulus Bill? A Guide to Where the $1.9 Trillion Is Going |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/07/us/politics/whats-in-the-stimulus-bill.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=13 March 2021}}</ref>

In March 2021, amid a rise in migrants entering the U.S. from Mexico, Biden told migrants: "Don't come over." He said that the U.S. was arranging a plan for migrants to "apply for asylum in place", without leaving their original locations. In the meantime, migrant adults "are being sent back", Biden said, in reference to the continuation of the Trump administration's Title 42 policy for quick deportations.<ref>{{cite news |title=Biden administration faces pressure on immigration amid influx |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/3/17/biden-administration-faces-pressure-on-immigration-amid-surge |access-date=March 20, 2021 |work=[[Al Jazeera]] |date=March 17, 2021}}</ref> Biden earlier announced that his administration would not deport unaccompanied migrant children; the rise in arrivals of such children exceeded the capacity of facilities meant to shelter them (before they were sent to sponsors), leading the Biden administration in March 2021 to direct the [[Federal Emergency Management Agency]] to help manage these children.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Miroff |first1=Nick |title=Biden will deploy FEMA to care for teenagers and children crossing border in record numbers |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/fema-border-unaccompanied-minors/2021/03/13/738366a4-8455-11eb-bb5a-ad9a91faa4ef_story.html |access-date=March 23, 2021 |work=[[The Washington Post]] |date=March 14, 2021}}</ref>

On April 28, 2021, Biden will deliver his first [[2021 Joe Biden speech to joint session of Congress|address to a joint session]] of the United States Congress.

==Political positions==
{{Main|Political positions of Joe Biden}}
Biden is considered a [[moderate Democrat]]<ref>{{Cite news |first=John |last=Kruzel |url=https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2019/may/06/joe-biden/joe-biden-claims-he-was-staunch-liberal-senate-he-/ |date=May 6, 2019 |title=Biden says he was a staunchly liberal senator. He wasn't |website=[[PolitiFact]] |access-date=May 6, 2019 |archive-date=May 6, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190506170707/https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2019/may/06/joe-biden/joe-biden-claims-he-was-staunch-liberal-senate-he-/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and a [[centrist]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Smith|first=Sean|title=Be warned Joe Biden – centrism is no longer a safe haven in politics|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/biden-president-trump-centrism-keir-starmer-b1721977.html|work=The Independent|date=November 15, 2020|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=December 17, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217015836/https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/biden-president-trump-centrism-keir-starmer-b1721977.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Hook|first=Janet|title=Picking Harris, Biden puts centrist stamp on Democrats' future|url=https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-08-12/harris-biden-different-generation-similar-political-instinct|work=Los Angeles Times|date=August 12, 2020|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=December 14, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201214182536/https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2020-08-12/harris-biden-different-generation-similar-political-instinct|url-status=live}}</ref> More recently, he has been characterized as shifting to the left.<ref>{{cite news |first1=Paul |last1=Waldman |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2020/07/16/how-joe-biden-is-moving-left-while-still-being-seen-moderate/ |title=Opinion {{!}} How Joe Biden is moving left while still being seen as a moderate |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=July 16, 2020 |access-date=January 21, 2021 |archive-date=January 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118085134/https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2020/07/16/how-joe-biden-is-moving-left-while-still-being-seen-moderate/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first1=Perry Jr. |last1=Bacon |title=The Pandemic Has Pushed Biden To The Left. How Far Will He Go? |url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/the-pandemic-has-pushed-biden-to-the-left-how-far-will-he-go/ |website=FiveThirtyEight |date=May 21, 2020 |access-date=January 21, 2021 |archive-date=December 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228141121/https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/the-pandemic-has-pushed-biden-to-the-left-how-far-will-he-go/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Shifting farther to the left, Biden is now a Bernie Bro |url=https://www.bostonherald.com/2020/08/08/shifting-farther-to-the-left-biden-is-now-a-bernie-bro/ |website=Boston Herald |access-date=January 21, 2021 |date=August 8, 2020 |archive-date=January 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114094708/https://www.bostonherald.com/2020/08/08/shifting-farther-to-the-left-biden-is-now-a-bernie-bro/ |url-status=live }}</ref> He has a lifetime [[Modern liberalism in the United States|liberal]] 72% score from the [[Americans for Democratic Action]] through 2004, while the [[American Conservative Union]] gave him a lifetime [[conservatism in the United States|conservative]] rating of 13% through 2008.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kiely|first=Kathy|date=September 12, 2005|title=Judging Judge Roberts: A look at the Judiciary Committee|newspaper=USA Today|url=https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/washington/judicial/2005-09-11-judiciarycommitteeprofiles_x.htm|url-status=live|access-date=August 24, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200517220915/https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/washington/judicial/2005-09-11-judiciarycommitteeprofiles_x.htm|archive-date=May 17, 2020}} See also: {{cite web|title=2008 U.S. Senate Votes|url=http://www.acuratings.org/2008senate.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090330124737/http://www.acuratings.org/2008senate.htm|archive-date=March 30, 2009|access-date=March 20, 2009|publisher=[[American Conservative Union]]}} Lifetime rating is given.</ref>

Biden supported the [[fiscal stimulus]] in the [[American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009]];<ref>{{cite news|last=Biden|first=Joe|date=February 5, 2017|title=Assessing the Recovery Act: 'The best is yet to come'|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/op-ed-vice-president-joe-biden-todays-usa-today|access-date=April 5, 2013|archive-date=January 24, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170124150619/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/op-ed-vice-president-joe-biden-todays-usa-today|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="pbs27jan112">{{cite news|last=Biden|first=Joe|date=January 27, 2011|title=Biden: Mubarak Is Not a Dictator, But People Have a Right to Protest|newspaper=[[PBS NewsHour]]|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/exclusive-biden-mubarak-is-not-a-dictator-but-people-have-a-right-to-protest|access-date=November 13, 2020|archive-date=November 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201113235439/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/exclusive-biden-mubarak-is-not-a-dictator-but-people-have-a-right-to-protest|url-status=live}}</ref> the Obama administration's proposed increase in infrastructure spending;<ref name="pbs27jan112" /> subsidies for [[mass transit]], including [[Amtrak]], bus, and subway;<ref>{{cite news|last=Hockenberry|first=John|date=April 23, 2009|title=Vice President Joe Biden pushes mass transit spending|newspaper=The TakeAway|url=http://www.thetakeaway.org/2009/apr/23/amtrak-joes-new-portfolio/|url-status=dead|access-date=April 5, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130719151247/http://www.thetakeaway.org/2009/apr/23/amtrak-joes-new-portfolio/|archive-date=July 19, 2013}}</ref> and the reduced military spending in the Obama administration's fiscal year 2014 budget.<ref>{{cite web|last=Biden|first=Joe|date=June 23, 2011|title=Statement by Vice President Biden On the Bipartisan Debt Talks|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2011/06/23/statement-vice-president-biden-bipartisan-debt-talks|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|access-date=April 6, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Hellman|first1=Chris|last2=Kramer|first2=Mattea|date=April 10, 2013|title=Competing Visions: President Obama, Rep. Paul Ryan, Sen. Patty Murray, and House Progressives Release Budget Proposals for 2014|url=https://www.nationalpriorities.org/analysis/2013/budget-proposals-2014/|access-date=June 3, 2013|publisher=National Priorities Project|archive-date=November 25, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125214704/http://nationalpriorities.org/en/analysis/2013/budget-proposals-2014/|url-status=live}}</ref> He has proposed partially reversing the corporate tax cuts of the [[Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017]], saying that doing so would not hurt businesses' ability to hire.<ref>{{cite news|date=September 11, 2020|title=Joe Biden pledges to roll back Trump's corporate tax cuts on 'day one,' saying it won't hurt businesses' ability to hire|work=Business Insider|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/joe-biden-trumps-tax-cuts-day-one-presidency-economy-2020-9|access-date=November 13, 2020|archive-date=November 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201122232506/https://www.businessinsider.com/joe-biden-trumps-tax-cuts-day-one-presidency-economy-2020-9|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=June 30, 2020|title=Biden pledges to roll back Trump's tax cuts: 'A lot of you may not like that'|work=Fox Business|url=https://www.foxbusiness.com/money/biden-pledges-to-undo-trumps-tax-cuts-a-lot-of-you-may-not-like-that|access-date=November 13, 2020|archive-date=November 12, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112205316/https://www.foxbusiness.com/money/biden-pledges-to-undo-trumps-tax-cuts-a-lot-of-you-may-not-like-that|url-status=live}}</ref> He voted for the [[North American Free Trade Agreement]] (NAFTA)<ref>{{cite news|title=Final Senate Vote on NAFTA|publisher=[[Public Citizen]]|url=http://www.citizen.org/print_article.cfm?ID=15960|access-date=August 22, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080608182639/http://www.citizen.org/print_article.cfm?ID=15960|archive-date=June 8, 2008}}</ref> and the [[Trans-Pacific Partnership]].<ref>{{Cite web|author=Mike Lillis|date=January 28, 2016|title=Biden coaxes Dems on Obama trade deal|url=https://thehill.com/homenews/house/267420-biden-coaxes-dems-on-obama-trade-deal|website=The Hill|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=November 7, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191107075246/https://thehill.com/homenews/house/267420-biden-coaxes-dems-on-obama-trade-deal|url-status=live}}</ref> Biden is a staunch supporter of the [[Affordable Care Act]] (ACA).<ref name="ACA203">Dan Diamond, [https://www.politico.com/story/2019/07/15/joe-biden-health-care-plan-1415850 Biden unveils health care plan: Affordable Care Act 2.0] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103083823/https://www.politico.com/story/2019/07/15/joe-biden-health-care-plan-1415850 |date=January 3, 2021 }}, ''Politico'' (July 15, 2019).</ref><ref>Bill Barrow, [https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/biden-aggressively-defends-the-affordable-care-act Biden aggressively defends the Affordable Care Act] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103083902/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/biden-aggressively-defends-the-affordable-care-act |date=January 3, 2021 }}, Associated Press (July 15, 2019).</ref> He has promoted a plan to expand and build upon it, paid for by revenue gained from reversing some Trump administration tax cuts.<ref name="ACA203" /> Biden's plan is to create a [[public option for health insurance]], with the aim of expanding [[Health insurance coverage in the United States|health insurance coverage]] to 97% of Americans.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Scott|first=Dylan|date=August 20, 2020|title=Joe Biden has a chance to finish the work of Obamacare|url=https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2020/8/20/21372511/joe-biden-obamacare-health-care-plan|access-date=November 27, 2020|work=[[Vox (website)|Vox]]|language=en|archive-date=November 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201105044015/https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2020/8/20/21372511/joe-biden-obamacare-health-care-plan|url-status=live}}</ref>

Biden has supported [[abortion rights]],<ref name="RCP2">{{cite web|last=Dannenfelser|first=Marjorie|date=March 19, 2020|title=Biden's Pro-Abortion Stance Will Cost Him Moderate Voters|url=https://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2020/03/19/bidens_pro-abortion_stance_will_cost_him_moderate_voters_142701.html|access-date=April 19, 2020|publisher=[[RealClearPolitics]]|archive-date=March 20, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200320144639/https://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2020/03/19/bidens_pro-abortion_stance_will_cost_him_moderate_voters_142701.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[same-sex marriage]],<ref>{{cite news|last=Biden|first=Joe|date=May 6, 2013|title=May 6: Joe Biden, Kelly Ayotte, Diane Swonk, Tom Brokaw, Chuck Todd|work=[[NBC News]]|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/47311900/ns/meet_the_press-transcripts/t/may-joe-biden-kelly-ayotte-diane-swonk-tom-brokaw-chuck-todd/|access-date=April 5, 2013|archive-date=April 5, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130405045344/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/47311900/ns/meet_the_press-transcripts/t/may-joe-biden-kelly-ayotte-diane-swonk-tom-brokaw-chuck-todd/|url-status=live}}</ref> the ''[[Roe v. Wade]]'' decision, and since 2019 has supported repealing the [[Hyde Amendment]] (a rule barring the use of federal funds to pay for [[abortion]]).<ref>{{Cite news|last=Lerer|first=Lisa|date=March 29, 2019|title=When Joe Biden Voted to Let States Overturn Roe v. Wade|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/29/us/politics/biden-abortion-rights.html|access-date=August 8, 2020|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=August 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806121254/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/29/us/politics/biden-abortion-rights.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Siders|first=Dave|date=June 22, 2019|title=Biden calls for enshrining Roe v. Wade in federal law|url=https://www.politico.com/story/2019/06/22/biden-roe-v-wade-2020-1376712|access-date=April 19, 2020|work=[[Politico]]|archive-date=April 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200402175549/https://www.politico.com/story/2019/06/22/biden-roe-v-wade-2020-1376712|url-status=live}}</ref> He opposes drilling for oil in the [[Arctic National Wildlife Refuge]] and supports governmental funding to find new energy sources.<ref>{{cite web|title=Presidential Candidates views on ANWR, The Democrats|url=http://www.anwr.org/Politics/Presidential-Candidates-views-on-ANWR-The-Democrats.php|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080807162357/http://www.anwr.org/Politics/Presidential-Candidates-views-on-ANWR-The-Democrats.php|archive-date=August 7, 2008|access-date=August 25, 2008|publisher=Arctic Power}}</ref> As a senator, he forged deep relationships with police groups and was a chief proponent of a [[Law Enforcement Officers' Bill of Rights|Police Officer's Bill of Rights]] measure that police unions supported but police chiefs opposed. As vice president, he served as a White House liaison to police.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kranish|first=Michael|date=June 9, 2020|title=Joe Biden let police groups write his crime bill. Now, his agenda has changed.|work=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/joe-biden-let-police-groups-write-his-crime-bill-now-his-agenda-has-changed/2020/06/08/82ab969e-a434-11ea-8681-7d471bf20207_story.html|url-status=live|access-date=November 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112174038/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/joe-biden-let-police-groups-write-his-crime-bill-now-his-agenda-has-changed/2020/06/08/82ab969e-a434-11ea-8681-7d471bf20207_story.html|archive-date=November 12, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last1=McDermott|first1=Nathan|last2=Steck|first2=Em|date=June 10, 2020|title=Biden repeatedly pushed bill in Senate that critics said would have made investigating police officers for misconduct more difficult|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/10/politics/biden-senate-police-officers-kfile/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116122904/https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/10/politics/biden-senate-police-officers-kfile/index.html|archive-date=November 16, 2020|access-date=November 13, 2020|publisher=CNN}}</ref>

Biden believes action must be taken on [[global warming]]. As a senator, he co-sponsored the Sense of the Senate resolution calling on the United States to take part in the United Nations climate negotiations and the [[Global Warming Pollution Reduction Act of 2007|Boxer–Sanders Global Warming Pollution Reduction Act]], the most stringent climate bill in the [[United States Senate]].<ref>{{cite news|date=January 3, 2008|title=A look at the environmental record of Joe Biden, Barack Obama's running mate|magazine=[[Grist (magazine)|Grist]]|url=https://grist.org/article/biden_factsheet/|access-date=May 4, 2008|archive-date=May 26, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100526083021/http://www.grist.org/article/biden_factsheet/|url-status=live}}</ref> He wants to achieve a carbon-free power sector in the U.S. by 2035 and stop emissions completely by 2050.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Carr|first1=Bob|date=September 2, 2020|title=Joe Biden's bold climate policies would leave Australia behind|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/sep/02/joe-bidens-bold-climate-policies-would-leave-australia-behind|access-date=September 21, 2020|archive-date=September 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921170525/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/sep/02/joe-bidens-bold-climate-policies-would-leave-australia-behind|url-status=live}}</ref> His program includes reentering the [[Paris Agreement]], [[nature conservation]], and [[green building]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Moore|first1=Elena|date=October 16, 2020|title=Trump's And Biden's Plans For The Environment|agency=NPR|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/10/16/920484187/trumps-and-biden-s-plans-for-the-environment|access-date=October 21, 2020|archive-date=October 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030113807/https://www.npr.org/2020/10/16/920484187/trumps-and-biden-s-plans-for-the-environment|url-status=live}}</ref> Biden wants to pressure China and other countries to cut greenhouse gas emissions, by carbon tariffs if necessary.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bade|first1=Gavin|date=October 14, 2020|title=How Biden would use trade agreements to fight global warming|work=Politico|url=https://www.politico.com/news/2020/10/14/biden-trade-fight-global-warming-429495|access-date=October 22, 2020|archive-date=October 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021021812/https://www.politico.com/news/2020/10/14/biden-trade-fight-global-warming-429495|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=September 8, 2020|title=Biden's hands may be tied on Trump's China tariffs, trade experts say|publisher=CNBC|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2020/09/08/bidens-hands-may-be-tied-on-trumps-china-tariffs-trade-experts-say-.html|access-date=October 22, 2020|archive-date=October 26, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026034203/https://www.cnbc.com/2020/09/08/bidens-hands-may-be-tied-on-trumps-china-tariffs-trade-experts-say-.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Biden has said the U.S. needs to "get tough" on China and build "a united front of U.S. allies and partners to confront China's abusive behaviors and human rights violations."<ref name="fore_Why_America">{{Cite web |title=Why America Must Lead Again |last=Biden |first=Joseph R. |magazine=[[Foreign Affairs]] |date=January 23, 2020 |access-date=January 29, 2021 |url= https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2020-01-23/why-america-must-lead-again}}</ref> He has called China the "most serious competitor" that poses challenges to the United States' "prosperity, security, and democratic values".<ref name="whit_Remarks_by">{{Cite web |title=Remarks by President Biden on America's Place in the World |publisher=[[The White House]] |date=February 4, 2021 |access-date=February 6, 2021 |url= https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2021/02/04/remarks-by-president-biden-on-americas-place-in-the-world/}}</ref> Biden has voiced concerns about China's "coercive and unfair" economic practices and human rights abuses in the [[Xinjiang]] region to the [[Chinese Communist Party]] leader [[Xi Jinping]].<ref>{{cite news|title=President Biden Raises Human Rights and Trade Concerns in First Call With China's Xi|url=https://time.com/5938307/biden-xi-china-first-call/|publisher=TIME|date=February 8, 2021|access-date=February 8, 2021}}</ref> He also pledged to sanction and commercially restrict Chinese government officials and entities who carry out repression.<ref name="WongCrowleySwanson2">{{cite news|last1=Edward|first1=Wong|last2=Crawley|first2=Michael|last3=Swanson|first3=Ana|date=September 6, 2020|title=Joe Biden's China Journey|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/06/us/politics/biden-china.html|access-date=November 13, 2020|archive-date=November 12, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112163033/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/06/us/politics/biden-china.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Biden has said he is against [[regime change]], but for providing non-military support to opposition movements.<ref name="NYTForeignPolicy2">[https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/us/politics/joe-biden-foreign-policy.html Foreign Policy, Joseph R. Biden Jr.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107123211/https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/us/politics/joe-biden-foreign-policy.html |date=January 7, 2021 }}, ''New York Times'' (2000).</ref> He opposed direct U.S. [[2011 military intervention in Libya|intervention in Libya]];<ref>Peter Baker, [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/10/us/politics/a-biden-run-would-expose-foreign-policy-differences-with-hillary-clinton.html A Biden Run Would Expose Foreign Policy Differences With Hillary Clinton] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216223923/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/10/us/politics/a-biden-run-would-expose-foreign-policy-differences-with-hillary-clinton.html |date=December 16, 2020 }}, ''New York Times'' (October 10, 2015): "She argued for the military intervention that ultimately toppled Muammar el-Qaddaf in Libya while he opposed it."</ref><ref name="OddCouple2">[https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/28/us/politics/barack-obama-biden.html Biden and Obama's 'Odd Couple' Relationship Aged Into Family Ties] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606093422/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/28/us/politics/barack-obama-biden.html |date=June 6, 2020 }}, ''New York Times'' (April 28, 2019): "He was also the in-house skeptic on the use of force, arguing against a troop surge to Afghanistan, military intervention in Libya and the raid that killed Osama bin Laden."</ref> voted against U.S. participation in the [[Gulf War]];<ref>{{cite news|last=Wehner|first=Peter|title=Biden Was Wrong On the Cold War|work=The Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB122049148440397625|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006022121/http://online.wsj.com/public/article_print/SB122049148440397625.html|archive-date=October 6, 2008}}</ref> voted in favor of the [[Iraq War]];<ref name="FarleyRecord2">{{cite news|author=Robert Farley|date=September 10, 2019|title=Biden's Record on Iraq War|work=FactCheck.org|publisher=Annenberg Public Policy Center|url=https://www.factcheck.org/2019/09/bidens-record-on-iraq-war/|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=January 7, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107172331/https://www.factcheck.org/2019/09/bidens-record-on-iraq-war/|url-status=live}}</ref> and supports a [[two-state solution]] in the [[Israeli–Palestinian conflict|Israeli-Palestinian conflict]].<ref name="JTA20192">[https://www.jta.org/2019/12/12/united-states/where-does-joe-biden-stand-on-anti-semitism-israel-and-other-issues-that-matter-to-jewish-voters-in-2020 Where does Joe Biden stand on anti-Semitism, Israel and other issues that matter to Jewish voters in 2020?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111070241/https://www.jta.org/2019/12/12/united-states/where-does-joe-biden-stand-on-anti-semitism-israel-and-other-issues-that-matter-to-jewish-voters-in-2020 |date=January 11, 2021 }}, Jewish Telegraphic Agency (December 12, 2019).</ref> Biden has pledged to end U.S. support for the [[Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen]] and to reevaluate the United States' relationship with [[Saudi Arabia]].<ref name="foreign-policy2">{{cite news|title=The Democratic candidates on foreign policy|work=[[Foreign Policy]]|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2020-election/|access-date=January 24, 2021|archive-date=June 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616084737/https://foreignpolicy.com/2020-election/|url-status=live}}</ref> He has called [[North Korea]] a "[[paper tiger]]".<ref name="CFR2">{{cite web|title=Joseph R. Biden, Jr. – Council on Foreign Relations|url=http://www.cfr.org/bios/1451/joseph_r_biden_jr.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080206202245/http://www.cfr.org/bios/1451/joseph_r_biden_jr.html|archive-date=February 6, 2008|access-date=August 25, 2008}}</ref> As vice president, Biden supported Obama's [[Cuban thaw]].<ref name="Engage2">[https://www.engagecuba.org/2020-presidential-election 2020 presidential election] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210103084023/https://www.engagecuba.org/2020-presidential-election |date=January 3, 2021 }}, Engage Cuba Coalition (last accessed May 1, 2020).</ref> He has said that, as president, he would restore U.S. membership in key [[United Nations]] bodies, such as the [[United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization|UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization]] (UNESCO), the [[World Health Organization]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=July 2020|first=Rafi Letzter-Staff Writer 07|title=The US formally announced its withdrawal from the World Health Organization|url=https://www.livescience.com/trump-exits-who-united-states.html|access-date=November 20, 2020|website=livescience.com|language=en|archive-date=November 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201118203522/https://www.livescience.com/trump-exits-who-united-states.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and possibly the [[United Nations Human Rights Council|Human Rights Council]].<ref name="LeeWeissert2">Matthew Lee & Weissert, [https://apnews.com/article/1d2a57631fee12c761f91053124606ab Biden eyes major foreign policy shifts if he wins] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210107211459/https://apnews.com/1d2a57631fee12c761f91053124606ab |date=January 7, 2021 }}, Associated Press (August 1, 2020).</ref> Biden supports extending the [[New START]] arms control treaty with [[Russia]] to limit the number of [[nuclear weapon]]s deployed by both sides.<ref>{{cite news |author1=Jonathan Landay|author2=Arshad Mohammed |title=Biden urged to extend U.S.-Russia arms treaty for full 5 years without conditions |url=https://de.reuters.com/article/usa-biden-armscontrol/biden-urged-to-extend-u-s-russia-arms-treaty-for-full-5-years-without-conditions-idUSKBN2852Y0 |work=Reuters |date=November 25, 2020 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115190457/https://www.reuters.com/?edition-redirect=de |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Pifer |first1=Steven |title=Reviving nuclear arms control under Biden |url=https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2020/12/01/reviving-nuclear-arms-control-under-biden/ |work=[[Brookings Institution]] |date=December 1, 2020 |access-date=January 24, 2021 |archive-date=December 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201201173216/https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2020/12/01/reviving-nuclear-arms-control-under-biden/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Reputation==
Biden was consistently ranked one of the least wealthy members of the Senate,<ref name="lat082408nw">{{cite news|last=Wallsten|first=Peter|date=August 24, 2008|title=Demographics part of calculation: Biden adds experience, yes, but he could also help with Catholics, blue-collar whites and women|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-aug-24-na-assess24-story.html|url-status=live|access-date=August 25, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190515025410/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-aug-24-na-assess24-story.html|archive-date=May 15, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=August 24, 2008|title=A look at Biden's net worth|newspaper=[[The Boston Globe]]|agency=[[Associated Press]]|url=https://www.boston.com/news/education/higher/articles/2008/08/24/a_look_at_bidens_net_worth/|url-status=dead|access-date=February 6, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120725145844/http://www.boston.com/news/education/higher/articles/2008/08/24/a_look_at_bidens_net_worth/|archive-date=July 25, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Broder|first=John M.|date=September 13, 2008|title=Biden Releases Tax Returns, in Part to Pressure Rivals|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/13/us/politics/13biden.html|url-status=live|access-date=September 13, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110425024153/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/13/us/politics/13biden.html|archive-date=April 25, 2011}}</ref> which he attributed to his having been elected young.<ref>{{cite news|last=Mooney|first=Alexander|date=September 12, 2008|title=Biden tax returns revealed|work=CNN|url=http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2008/09/12/biden-tax-returns-revealed/|url-status=live|access-date=September 13, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080913001912/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2008/09/12/biden-tax-returns-revealed/|archive-date=September 13, 2008}}</ref> Feeling that less-wealthy public officials may be tempted to accept contributions in exchange for political favors, he proposed [[campaign finance reform]] measures during his first term.<ref name="cby-44" /> {{As of|2009|November}}, Biden's net worth was $27,012.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/237-millionaires-in-congress/|title=237 Millionaires in Congress|website=www.cbsnews.com}}</ref> {{As of|2020|November|alt=By November 2020}}, the Bidens were worth $9 million, largely due to sales of Biden's books and speaking fees after his vice presidency.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/much-president-joe-biden-worth-153007387.html|title=How Much Is President Joe Biden Worth?|website=finance.yahoo.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/how-much-is-joe-biden-worth/ar-BB1aiQdb|title=How Much Is President Joe Biden Worth?|website=www.msn.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/joe-biden-net-worth-lifestyle-real-estate-family-wealth-assets-2020-1|title=President-elect Joe Biden just turned 78. Here's how he went from 'Middle-Class Joe' to millionaire.|first=Taylor|last=Borden|website=Business Insider}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/michelatindera/2019/08/28/joe-bidens-net-worth-how-the-2020-presidential-candidate-built-a-9-million-fortune/|title=Here's How Much 2020 Presidential Candidate Joe Biden Is Worth|first=Michela|last=Tindera|website=Forbes}}</ref>

The political writer [[Howard Fineman]] has written, "Biden is not an academic, he's not a theoretical thinker, he's a great street pol. He comes from a long line of working people in Scranton—auto salesmen, car dealers, people who know how to make a sale. He has that great Irish gift."<ref name="watn020109" /> Political columnist [[David S. Broder]] wrote that Biden has grown over time: "He responds to real people—that's been consistent throughout. And his ability to understand himself and deal with other politicians has gotten much much better."<ref name="watn020109" /> Journalist [[James Traub]] has written, "Biden is the kind of fundamentally happy person who can be as generous toward others as he is to himself."<ref name="nytm-traub" /> In 2006, Delaware newspaper columnist Harry F. Themal wrote that Biden "occupies the sensible center of the Democratic Party".<ref name="themal">{{cite news|last=Themal|first=Harry F.|date=January 23, 2006|title=Biden says he's on track for 2008 run|work=The News Journal}}</ref>

In recent years, especially after the 2015 death of his elder son Beau, Biden has been discussed for his empathetic nature and ability to communicate about grief.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Baldoni|first=John|title=How Empathy Defines Joe Biden|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/johnbaldoni/2020/08/20/how-empathy-defines-joe-biden/|access-date=2021-03-17|website=Forbes|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Nagle|first=Molly|date=2020-12-19|title=Nearly 50 years after death of wife and daughter, empathy remains at Joe Biden's core|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/50-years-death-wife-daughter-empathy-remains-joe/story?id=74814251|url-status=live|access-date=2021-03-17|website=ABC News|language=en}}</ref> [[CNN]] wrote in 2020 that his presidential campaign aimed to make him "healer-in-chief", while the ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' described his extensive history of being called upon to give [[Eulogy|eulogies]].<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Glueck|first1=Katie|last2=Flegenheimer|first2=Matt|date=2020-06-11|title=Joe Biden, Emissary of Grief|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/11/us/politics/joe-biden-funeral-speech.html|access-date=2021-03-17|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

Journalist and TV anchor [[Wolf Blitzer]] has described Biden as loquacious.<ref>{{cite news|date=January 12, 2006|title=Transcripts|work=[[The Situation Room with Wolf Blitzer|The Situation Room]]|publisher=CNN|url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0601/12/sitroom.01.html|url-status=live|access-date=September 21, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080719103425/http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0601/12/sitroom.01.html|archive-date=July 19, 2008}}</ref> He often deviates from prepared remarks<ref>{{cite news|last=Smith|first=Ben|date=December 2, 2008|title=Biden, enemy of the prepared remarks|work=[[Politico]]|url=https://www.politico.com/blogs/ben-smith/2008/12/biden-enemy-of-the-prepared-remarks-014500|url-status=live|access-date=December 2, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150911131530/http://www.politico.com/blogs/ben-smith/2008/12/biden-enemy-of-the-prepared-remarks-014500|archive-date=September 11, 2015}}</ref> and sometimes "puts his foot in his mouth".<ref name="abc-loq">{{cite news|last=Tapper|first=Jake|author-link=Jake Tapper|date=January 31, 2007|title=A Biden Problem: Foot in Mouth|work=[[ABC News]]|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/Story?id=2838420|url-status=live|access-date=September 21, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080827211803/http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/Story?id=2838420|archive-date=August 27, 2008}}</ref><ref name="nyt-no2" /><ref>{{cite news|last=Seelye|first=Katharine Q.|date=March 19, 1998|title=Senate Struggles to Pay Attention to the Remapping of NATO|newspaper=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/03/19/world/senate-struggles-to-pay-attention-to-the-remapping-of-nato.html|url-status=live|access-date=September 21, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110045839/http://www.nytimes.com/1998/03/19/world/senate-struggles-to-pay-attention-to-the-remapping-of-nato.html|archive-date=November 10, 2012}}</ref><ref name="time-pcs">{{cite news|last=Halperin|first=Mark|author-link=Mark Halperin|date=August 23, 2008|title=Halperin on Biden: Pros and Cons|magazine=Time|url=http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1835480,00.html|url-status=live|access-date=September 21, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140722092813/http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1835480,00.html|archive-date=July 22, 2014}}</ref> ''[[The New York Times]]'' wrote that Biden's "weak filters make him capable of blurting out pretty much anything".<ref name="nyt-no2" /> In 2018, Biden called himself a "gaffe machine".<ref>{{cite web|date=25 April 2019|title='I am a gaffe machine': a history of Joe Biden's biggest blunders|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/apr/25/joe-biden-2020-public-gaffes-mistakes-history|access-date=26 January 2021|website=the Guardian|language=en}}</ref>

==Distinctions==
{{Main|List of honors and awards received by Joe Biden}}
{{See also|List of things named after Joe Biden}}
[[File:Joe Biden Receives Presidential Medal of Freedom.jpg|right|thumb |President Obama presents Biden with the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] with Distinction, January 12, 2017]]

Biden has received [[honorary degree]]s from the [[University of Scranton]] (1976),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://matrix.scranton.edu/about/ab_degree_recipients.shtml |title=Honorary Degree Recipients |publisher=[[University of Scranton]] |year=2008 |access-date=November 26, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080720153525/http://matrix.scranton.edu/about/ab_degree_recipients.shtml |archive-date=July 20, 2008 }}</ref> [[Saint Joseph's University]] ([[Doctor of Laws|LL.D]] 1981),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sju.edu/ir/documents/HonDegreeRecip_IR2008.pdf |title=Honorary Degree Recipients |publisher=[[Saint Joseph's University]] |access-date=August 19, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080904003527/http://www.sju.edu/ir/documents/HonDegreeRecip_IR2008.pdf |archive-date=September 4, 2008 }}</ref> [[Widener University School of Law]] (2000),<ref name="wid-veep-elect">{{cite web |url=http://law.widener.edu/NewsandEvents/Articles/2008/de110508bidenvpelect.aspx |title=Senator Biden becomes Vice President-elect |publisher=[[Widener University School of Law]] |date=November 6, 2008 |access-date=November 26, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090105150946/http://law.widener.edu/NewsandEvents/Articles/2008/de110508bidenvpelect.aspx |archive-date=January 5, 2009 }}</ref> [[Emerson College]] (2003),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.emerson.edu/emersontoday/index.cfm?action=3&articleID=782&editionID=52 |title=Senator Biden to Address 123rd Commencement Rites On May 19 |publisher=[[Emerson College]] |date=May 2003 |access-date=November 26, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060918144250/http://www.emerson.edu/emersontoday/index.cfm?action=3&articleID=782&editionID=52 |archive-date=September 18, 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Delaware State University]] (2003),<ref>{{Cite web|date=May 9, 2018|title=Honorary Degrees|url=http://dsuarchives.blogspot.com/2018/05/honorary-degrees.html|access-date=July 21, 2020|website=Delaware State University Archives and Special Collections|archive-date=August 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802153151/http://dsuarchives.blogspot.com/2018/05/honorary-degrees.html|url-status=live}}</ref> his alma mater the [[University of Delaware]] ([[Doctor of Laws|LL.D]] 2004),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.udel.edu/PR/UDaily/2004/biden052904.html |title=Honorary Degree Citation for Joseph R. Biden Jr. |publisher=[[University of Delaware]] |date=May 29, 2004 |access-date=November 6, 2008 |archive-date=January 2, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090102215759/http://www.udel.edu/PR/UDaily/2004/biden052904.html |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Suffolk University Law School]] (2005),<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.boston.com/news/education/higher/articles/2005/05/23/commencements_boston_globe/ |title=Commencements |work=Boston Globe |date=May 23, 2005 |access-date=November 26, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090105144404/http://www.boston.com/news/education/higher/articles/2005/05/23/commencements_boston_globe/ |archive-date=January 5, 2009 }}</ref> his other alma mater [[Syracuse University]] ([[Doctor of Laws|LL.D]] 2009),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://archives.syr.edu/awards/honorary_1.html |title=SU Archives: Awards and Honors—Recipient of Honorary Degrees|work=Archives |publisher=[[Syracuse University]] |access-date=February 5, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160730115922/http://archives.syr.edu/awards/honorary_1.html |archive-date=July 30, 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Wake Forest University]] ([[Doctor of Laws|LL.D]] 2009),<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://commencement.news.wfu.edu/honorary-degrees/|title=Honorary Degrees|website=Commencement News Archive|publisher=[[Wake Forest University]]|access-date=November 12, 2020|archive-date=October 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021074949/https://commencement.news.wfu.edu/honorary-degrees/|url-status=live}}</ref> the [[University of Pennsylvania]] ([[Doctor of Laws|LL.D]] 2013),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archives.upenn.edu/digitized-resources/docs-pubs|title=Documents & Publications|website=Penn University Archives and Records Center|publisher=[[University of Pennsylvania]]|access-date=November 12, 2020|archive-date=November 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201102130822/https://archives.upenn.edu/digitized-resources/docs-pubs|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Miami Dade College]] (2014),<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/article1963844.html|title=Vice President Joe Biden hails need for immigration reform at Miami Dade College graduation|work=[[Miami Herald]]|access-date=November 12, 2020|date=May 3, 2014|first=Patrick|last=Riley|archive-date=November 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116135052/https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/article1963844.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[University of South Carolina]] ([[Doctor of Public Administration|DPA]] 2014),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.sc.edu/uofsc/announcements/2014/04_biden_to_speak_at_uofsc_commencement.php|title=Vice President Joe Biden to deliver UofSC commencement address|publisher=[[University of South Carolina]]|access-date=November 12, 2020|first=Megan|last=Sexton|date=April 9, 2014|archive-date=November 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128233002/https://sc.edu/uofsc/announcements/2014/04_biden_to_speak_at_uofsc_commencement.php|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Trinity College, Dublin]] ([[Doctor of Laws|LL.D]] 2016),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tcd.ie/news_events/articles/us-vice-president-joe-biden-receives-honorary-doctorate-from-trinity-college/6965|title=US Vice President Joe Biden Receives Honorary Doctorate from Trinity College|publisher=[[Trinity College Dublin]]|date=June 24, 2016|access-date=November 12, 2020|archive-date=July 6, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190706155945/https://www.tcd.ie/news_events/articles/us-vice-president-joe-biden-receives-honorary-doctorate-from-trinity-college/6965/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Colby College]] ([[Doctor of Laws|LL.D]] 2017),<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pressherald.com/2017/04/17/joe-biden-former-vice-president-to-speak-at-colby-college-commencement/ |title=Joe Biden to speak at Colby College commencement |date=April 17, 2017 |access-date=November 12, 2020 |work=[[Portland Press Herald]] |archive-date=November 10, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110075938/https://www.pressherald.com/2017/04/17/joe-biden-former-vice-president-to-speak-at-colby-college-commencement/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[Morgan State University]] (DPS 2017).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://themsuspokesman.com/6943/campus-news/former-vice-president-joe-biden-is-msus-spring-2017-commencement-speaker/|title=Former Vice President Joe Biden Is MSU's Spring 2017 Commencement Speaker|date=April 14, 2017|access-date=November 12, 2020|first=Tramon|last=Lucas|publisher=Morgan State University|work=The Spokesman|archive-date=November 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201113235437/https://themsuspokesman.com/6943/campus-news/former-vice-president-joe-biden-is-msus-spring-2017-commencement-speaker/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Biden also received the Chancellor Medal (1980) and the George Arents Pioneer Medal (2005) from [[Syracuse University]].<ref name="nd051009">{{cite news |url=http://www.newsday.com/news/politics/wire/sns-ap-us-biden-commencement,0,5937836.story |title=Biden tells Syracuse University graduates they have special opportunity to help shape history |last=Kates |first=William |work=Newsday |date=May 10, 2009 |access-date=May 11, 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://sunews.syr.edu/story_details.cfm?id=2601 |title=Five SU alumni to be honored with Arents Awards |publisher=[[Syracuse University]] |date=May 25, 2005 |access-date=November 26, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060907182627/http://sunews.syr.edu/story_details.cfm?id=2601 |archive-date=September 7, 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 2008, Biden received ''[[Working Mother]]'' magazine's Best of Congress Award for "improving the American quality of life through family-friendly work policies".<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://biden.senate.gov/press/press_releases/release/?id=dca94360-b4ac-4bed-a41e-b7c27f42b4a1 |title=Biden Honored for Making a Difference for Working Families |publisher=[[U.S. Senate]] |date=August 12, 2008 |access-date=November 26, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081125111957/http://biden.senate.gov/press/press_releases/release/?id=DCA94360-B4AC-4BED-A41E-B7C27F42B4A1 |archive-date=November 25, 2008 }}</ref> Also in 2008, he shared with fellow senator [[Richard Lugar]] the [[Government of Pakistan]]'s [[Hilal-i-Pakistan]] award "in recognition of their consistent support for Pakistan".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/politicsNews/idUSTRE49R5I120081028 |title=Pakistan gives awards to Biden, Lugar for support |work=Reuters |date=October 28, 2008 |access-date=November 26, 2008 |first=Zeeshan |last=Haider |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115190456/https://www.reuters.com/article/politicsNews/idUSTRE49R5I120081028 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2009, [[Kosovo]] gave Biden the Golden Medal of Freedom, the region's highest award, for his vocal support for its independence in the late 1990s.<ref>{{cite web |title=Hero's welcome for Biden in Kosovo |url=http://english.sina.com/world/p/2009/0521/243081.html |publisher=[[Sina Corp]] |access-date=November 12, 2020 |date=May 5, 2009 |archive-date=November 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117174427/http://english.sina.com/world/p/2009/0521/243081.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Biden is an inductee of the [[Delaware Volunteer Firemen's Association]] Hall of Fame.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dvfassn.com/awards.cfm?id=2 |title=Hall of Fame |publisher=[[Delaware Volunteer Firemen's Association]] |access-date=September 16, 2008 |archive-date=December 29, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081229140350/http://www.dvfassn.com/awards.cfm?id=2 |url-status=live }}</ref> He was named to the [[Little League Hall of Excellence]] in 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://archive.littleleague.org/learn/museum/World_of_Little_League/HallofExcellence.htm |title=Hall of Excellence |publisher=[[Little League Baseball]] |access-date=April 10, 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100430225626/http://www.littleleague.org/learn/museum/hallofexcellence.htm |archive-date=April 30, 2010 }}</ref>

On May 15, 2016, the [[University of Notre Dame]] gave Biden the [[Laetare Medal]], considered the highest honor for American Catholics. The medal was simultaneously awarded to [[John Boehner]], [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Biden, Boehner receive high Catholic honor |url=https://newbostonpost.com/2016/05/16/biden-boehner-receive-high-catholic-honor/ |website=NewBostonPost |access-date=July 31, 2020 |date=May 16, 2016 |archive-date=September 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927063225/https://newbostonpost.com/2016/05/16/biden-boehner-receive-high-catholic-honor/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Joe Biden and John Boehner: Our Faith Inspires Political Compromise|url=https://time.com/4336490/joseph-biden-john-boehner-catholic-faith/|first=Christopher J.|last=Hale|date=May 16, 2016|website=Time|access-date=July 31, 2020|archive-date=August 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809132737/https://time.com/4336490/joseph-biden-john-boehner-catholic-faith/|url-status=live}}</ref>

On June 25, 2016, Biden received the [[Freedom of the City]] of [[County Louth]] in the [[Republic of Ireland]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Louth County Council Bestows Freedom of County Louth on The US Vice President Joe Biden |url=https://www.louthcoco.ie/en/louth_county_council/latest-news/louth-county-council-bestows-freedom-of-county-louth-on-the-us-vice-president-joe-biden.html |publisher=Louth County Council |access-date=November 12, 2020 |archive-date=November 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112185333/https://www.louthcoco.ie/en/louth_county_council/latest-news/louth-county-council-bestows-freedom-of-county-louth-on-the-us-vice-president-joe-biden.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

On January 12, 2017, Obama surprised Biden by awarding him the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] with Distinction{{mdashb}}for "faith in your fellow Americans, for your love of country and a lifetime of service that will endure through the generations".<ref name="bostonglobe11217">{{cite news |title=Obama awards Biden Presidential Medal of Freedom |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/politics/2017/01/12/obama-awards-biden-presidential-medal-freedom/5zhMW6IRJFAreoJLB0FXWN/story.html |access-date=January 12, 2017 |work=Boston Globe |date=January 12, 2017 |last1=Lederman |first1=Josh |last2=Salama |first2=Vivian}}</ref><ref name="nyt-Shear">{{Cite news|last=Shear|first=Michael D.|date=January 12, 2017|title=Obama Surprises Joe Biden With Presidential Medal of Freedom|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/12/us/politics/joe-biden-presidential-medal-freedom.html|access-date=October 24, 2018|archive-date=October 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181020082947/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/12/us/politics/joe-biden-presidential-medal-freedom.html|url-status=live}}</ref> It was the only award by Obama of the Medal of Freedom with Distinction; other recipients include [[Ronald Reagan]], [[Colin Powell]] and [[Pope John Paul II]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Biden surprised with Presidential Medal of Freedom |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/latest-news/article126184169.html |access-date=January 12, 2017 |work=The Miami Herald |date=January 12, 2017 |last=Welsh |first=Teresa |archive-date=January 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170113164802/http://www.miamiherald.com/latest-news/article126184169.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

On February 8, 2018, the [[Penn Biden Center for Diplomacy and Global Engagement]] at the [[University of Pennsylvania]] officially opened offices in Washington, D.C.<ref>[https://global.upenn.edu/penn-biden-center Penn's New Home in Washington] University of Pennsylvania, Office of the Provost. 2021. Retrieved January 26, 2021</ref>

On December 11, 2018, the [[University of Delaware]] renamed its School of Public Policy and Administration the [[Joseph R. Biden, Jr. School of Public Policy & Administration]]. The Biden Institute is housed there.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.udel.edu/udaily/2018/december/joseph-biden-school-public-policy-administration/|title=UD establishes Joseph R. Biden, Jr. School of Public Policy and Administration|first=Peter|last=Bothum|date=December 11, 2018|work=UDaily|publisher=[[University of Delaware]]|access-date=November 12, 2020|archive-date=November 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128083747/https://www.udel.edu/udaily/2018/december/joseph-biden-school-public-policy-administration/|url-status=live}}</ref>

On December 10, 2020, Biden and Harris were jointly named [[Time Person of the Year|''Time'' Person of the Year]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Joe Biden and Kamala Harris Are TIME's 2020 Person of the Year|url=https://time.com/person-of-the-year-2020-joe-biden-kamala-harris/|first=Charlotte|last=Alter|date=December 2020|access-date=January 20, 2021|website=Time|language=en|archive-date=December 11, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211035250/https://time.com/person-of-the-year-2020-joe-biden-kamala-harris/|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Electoral history==
{{Main|Electoral history of Joe Biden}}
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="width:70%; text-align: center;"
|+ Election results
|-
! Year
! Office
! Party
! Votes for Biden
! %
! Opponent
! Party
! Votes
!%
|-
! 1970
| [[County council#United States|County councilor]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}}|{{Aye}} Democratic
| 10,573
| 55%
| Lawrence T. Messick
| {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican
| 8,192
| 43%
|-
! [[1972 United States Senate election in Delaware|1972]]
| rowspan=7 |[[U.S. Senate|U.S. senator]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}}|{{Aye}} Democratic
| 116,006
| 50%
| [[J. Caleb Boggs]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican
| 112,844
| 49%
|-
! [[1978 United States Senate election in Delaware|1978]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}}|{{Aye}} Democratic
| 93,930
| 58%
| James H. Baxter Jr.
| {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican
| 66,479
| 41%
|-
! [[1984 United States Senate election in Delaware|1984]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}}|{{Aye}} Democratic
| 147,831
| 60%
| John M. Burris
| {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican
| 98,101
| 40%
|-
! [[1990 United States Senate election in Delaware|1990]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}}|{{Aye}} Democratic
| 112,918
| 63%
| [[M. Jane Brady]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican
| 64,554
| 36%
|-
! [[1996 United States Senate election in Delaware|1996]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}}|{{Aye}} Democratic
| 165,465
| 60%
| Raymond J. Clatworthy
| {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican
| 105,088
| 38%
|-
! [[2002 United States Senate election in Delaware|2002]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}}|{{Aye}} Democratic
| 135,253
| 58%
| Raymond J. Clatworthy
| {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican
| 94,793
| 41%
|-
! [[2008 United States Senate election in Delaware|2008]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}}|{{Aye}} Democratic
| 257,484
| 65%
| [[Christine O'Donnell]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican
| 140,584
| 35%
|-
! [[2008 United States presidential election|2008]]
| rowspan=2|[[Vice President of the United States|Vice president]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}}|{{Aye}} Democratic
| 69,498,516 365 electoral votes (270 needed)
| 53%
| [[Sarah Palin]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican
| 59,948,323 173 electoral votes
| 46%
|-
! [[2012 United States presidential election|2012]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}}|{{Aye}} Democratic
| 65,915,795 332 electoral votes (270 needed)
| 51%
| [[Paul Ryan]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican
| 60,933,504 206 electoral votes
| 47%
|-
! [[2020 United States presidential election|2020]]
| [[President of the United States|President]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic}}|{{Aye}} Democratic
| 81,268,924 306 electoral votes (270 needed)
| 51%
| [[Donald Trump]]
| {{Party shading/Republican}}|Republican
| 74,216,154 232 electoral votes
| 47%
|}

==Publications==
{{Refbegin}}
* {{Cite book|title=Hague Convention On International Child Abduction: Applicable Law And Institutional Framework Within Certain Convention Countries Report To The Senate |last1=Biden |first1=Joseph R., Jr. |date=April 1, 2000|publisher=Diane Publishing|isbn=0-7567-2250-0|first2=Jesse|last2=Helms|author2-link=Jesse Helms}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-107shrg75011/pdf/CHRG-107shrg75011.pdf|title=Putin Administration's Policies toward Non-Russian Regions of the Russian Federation: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate |last=Biden |first=Joseph R., Jr. |date=July 8, 2001|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|isbn= 0-7567-2624-7}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://fas.org/spp/starwars/program/sfr240701.pdf|title=Administration's Missile Defense Program and the ABM Treaty: Hearing Before the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate |last=Biden |first=Joseph R., Jr. |date=July 24, 2001|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|isbn=0-7567-1959-3|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305135604/https://fas.org/spp/starwars/program/sfr240701.pdf|archive-date=March 5, 2016}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-107shrg75040/pdf/CHRG-107shrg75040.pdf|title=Threat of Bioterrorism and the Spread of Infectious Diseases: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate |last=Biden |first=Joseph R., Jr. |date=September 5, 2001|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|isbn= 0-7567-2625-5}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-107shrg78178/pdf/CHRG-107shrg78178.pdf|title=Examining The Theft Of American Intellectual Property At Home And Abroad: Hearing before the Committee On Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate |last=Biden |first=Joseph R., Jr. |date=February 12, 2002|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|isbn= 0-7567-4177-7}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q10PD-tFBfsC|title=Halting the Spread of HIV/AIDS: Future Efforts in the U.S. Bilateral & Multilateral Response: Hearings before the Comm. on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate |last=Biden |first=Joseph R., Jr. |publisher=Diane Publishing|date=February 14, 2002|isbn=0-7567-3454-1}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-107shrg77983/pdf/CHRG-107shrg77983.pdf|title=How Do We Promote Democratization, Poverty Alleviation, and Human Rights to Build a More Secure Future: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate |last=Biden |first=Joseph R., Jr. |date=February 27, 2002|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|isbn=0-7567-2478-3}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-107shrg81697/pdf/CHRG-107shrg81697.pdf|title=Hearings to Examine Threats, Responses, and Regional Considerations Surrounding Iraq: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate |last=Biden |first=Joseph R., Jr. |date=August 1, 2002|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|isbn=0-7567-2823-1}}
* {{Cite book|title=International Campaign Against Terrorism: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate |last=Biden |first=Joseph R., Jr. |date=January 1, 2003|publisher=Diane Publishing|isbn=0-7567-3041-4}}
* {{Cite book|title=Political Future of Afghanistan: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate |last=Biden |first=Joseph R., Jr. |date=January 1, 2003|publisher=Diane Publishing|isbn=0-7567-3039-2}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CPRT-107SPRT75249/html/CPRT-107SPRT75249.htm|title=Strategies for Homeland Defense: A Compilation by the Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate |last=Biden |first=Joseph R., Jr. |date=September 1, 2003|publisher=Diane Publishing|isbn=0-7567-2623-9}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/3578859|title=Homeland Security Law and Policy|editor-last=Nicholson|editor-first=William C.|publisher=C. C Thomas|year=2005|isbn=0-398-07583-2|chapter=Foreword |first=Joseph|last=Biden}}
* {{Cite book|title=[[Promises to Keep (Biden book)|Promises to Keep]]|last=Biden|first=Joe|publisher=[[Random House]]|date=July 31, 2007|isbn=978-1-4000-6536-3}} Also paperback edition, Random House 2008, {{ISBN|0-8129-7621-5}}.
* {{Cite book|title=[[Promise Me, Dad: A Year of Hope, Hardship, and Purpose]] |last=Biden |first=Joe |publisher=Flatiron Books |date=November 14, 2017 |isbn=978-1-250-17167-2}}
{{Refend}}

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=n}}
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

===Works cited===
{{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}}
* {{Cite book|title=The Almanac of American Politics|last1=Barone|first1=Michael|author-link=Michael Barone (pundit)|first2=Richard E.|last2=Cohen|author-link2=Richard E. Cohen|year=2008|work=National Journal|location=Washington|isbn=9780892341160|url=https://archive.org/details/almanacofamerica00mich_0/|url-access=registration}}
* {{cite book|last=Bronner|first=Ethan|author-link=Ethan Bronner|title=Battle for Justice: How the Bork Nomination Shook America|publisher=W. W. Norton & Company|year=1989|isbn=0393026906 |url=https://archive.org/details/battleforjustice00bron_0}}
* {{cite book|last=Gadsen|first=Brett|title=Between North and South: Delaware, Desegregation, and the Myth of American Sectionalism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZFQE3bLDsS4C|date=October 8, 2012|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=9780812207972}}
* {{cite book|last1=Levingston|first1=Steven|last2=Dyson|first2=Michael|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rqyHDwAAQBAJ|title=Barack and Joe: The Making of an Extraordinary Partnership|isbn=9780316487887|date=2019|publisher=Hachette}}
* {{cite book|last1=Mayer|first1=Jane|author-link=Jane Mayer|last2=Abramson|first2=Jill|author-link2=Jill Abramson|title=Strange Justice: The Selling of Clarence Thomas|publisher=Houghton Mifflin|year=1994|isbn=0395633184|url=https://archive.org/details/strangejusticese00maye}}
* {{Cite book|editor-first=Charles|editor-last=Moritz|title=Current Biography Yearbook 1987|publisher=H. W. Wilson Company|location=New York|year=1987|title-link=Current Biography}}
* {{Cite book|first=Richard|last=Wolffe|author-link=Richard Wolffe|title=Renegade: The Making of a President|publisher=Crown Publishers|location=New York|year=2009|isbn=9780307463128|url=https://archive.org/details/renegademakingof00wolf}}
* {{Cite book|last=Taylor|first=Paul|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JMxWRDTR_sMC|title=See How They Run: Electing the President in an Age of Mediaocracy|publisher=Alfred A. Knopf|year=1990|isbn=0-394-57059-6|ref=Taylor}}
* {{Cite book |last=Witcover|first=Jules|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780061791987|title=Joe Biden: A Life of Trial and Redemption|publisher=William Morrow|year=2010|isbn=9780061791987|location=New York City|author-link=Jules Witcover|ref=Witcover}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{Library resources box|onlinebooks=yes|by=yes}}

===Official===
* [https://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/president-biden/ President Joe Biden] official website
* [https://bideninaugural.org Biden inauguration website]
* [https://joebiden.com/ Presidential campaign website]
* [https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/vp Obama White House biography] (archived)
{{CongLinks |congbio=b000444 |fec=P80000722 |congress=joseph-biden/B000444 }}

===Other===
* {{C-SPAN|Joseph Biden}}
* {{curlie|Regional/North_America/United_States/Government/Executive_Branch/President/Vice_President_Joe_Biden}}
* {{NYTtopic|people/b/joseph_r_jr_biden|Joe Biden}}
* [https://www.ontheissues.org/joe_biden.htm Joe Biden] at [[On the Issues]]
* [https://www.politifact.com/personalities/joe-biden/ Joe Biden] at [[PolitiFact]]
* {{Britannica|1336937|Joe Biden (president of the United States)}}
{{CongLinks|votesmart= 53279}}

{{Joe Biden|state=expanded}}
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Hollywood values

2021-04-17T19:25:03Z

Eaglesteven:

[[File:Hollywood-sign wikimedia.jpg|right|200px]]
'''Hollywood "values"''' are characterized by spreading sexually-transmitted [[disease]]s, public obscenities, decadence, [[narcissism]], hypocrisy, rampant [[drug|drug use]], [[abortion]], [[adultery]], and [[lawlessness]]. Such values have a very negative influence on the life of individuals, and very often lead to death. A 2006 poll by MSNBC said that 60% of [[Americans]] agree that "Hollywood's values are not in line with the rest of America and that the quality of movies has diminished in recent years."<ref>MSNBC.com (March 8, 2006). [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/11714540 "Hollywood values out of touch, poll says".] Today.com [NBC News]. Accessed March 30, 2014. 17,000 person poll by MSNBC. See [[MSNBC]]</ref> In 2014, even in the context of the fashion-industry-dressed stars of the Academy Awards and celebrations of St. Valentine's Day, 61% of Americans agreed "Hollywood [has] too much influence on American politics and social values."<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/cbs-news-poll-americans-view-on-hollywoods-influence/ "CBS News Poll: Americans' view on Hollywood's influence"] (March 2, 2014). ''CBS News'' website.</ref>

The lack of [[morals]] and difference of [[values]] in [[Hollywood]] culture has been destroying the fabric of American culture, particularly the family.

==Hollywood as a tool of (anti)social pedagogy==

While before 1945 forms of "art" which appealed to the lowest and basest instincts of man or deliberately portrayed man as completely immoral were confined to a small circle among the "elite" of the decadent, parasitic intelligentsia, after the war this content was popularized on a large scale and pushed for mass consumption to the American people, with Hollywood playing the lead role in this popularization. The barriers between 'esoteric' art and mass kitsch were dismantled with increasing vigour. The
cinema (and also radio and literature) started spreading to the widest extent the uninhibited venting of even the worst instincts. The constant increase in juvenile delinquency, starting from the late 1940s and early 1950s, demonstrates the results of such 'social pedagogics'.<ref>https://thecharnelhouse.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Georg-Luka%3Fcs-The-Destruction-of-Reason-1952.pdf</ref>

It was important for the (liberal) ruling class to "re-educate" man of the post-war generation by tempering him to a sort of barbarism, to the brutal and merciless imposition of his selfish interests, which necessarily implies a hypocritical attitude as the way to adapt to the [[Social Darwinism|Social-Darwinist]] "struggle for existence". In the field of cinema, this kind of pedagogy necessarily produces movies that either openly preach banditry, gangsterism and murder (such as movies in [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler's]] [[Nazi Germany|Germany]] did, but also American gangster films do), or subtly place the individual in the social void, and cloud the sense of the real connection with society in his consciousness, degrade and reduce the intellect and reason to impotence, which these relationships reflect and elaborate, finally transforming man himself into an unethical lump of uncontrollable instincts. In relation to children, this is passed off as "respect" for the individual character of the child. But it means, in fact, the renunciation of pedagogy, and it comes, in the best of cases, to reduce young American children to a herd of lonely hysterics who end up following this wrong path often to become gangsters.<ref>https://thecharnelhouse.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Gyo%3Frgy-Luka%3Fcs-La-letteratura-sovietica-1955.pdf</ref>

Usually (and falsely), this glorification of the unleashing of the worst instincts, hypocrisy, immorality etc. in Hollywood movies is advertized by Hollywood as "[[realism]]". Granted, some of the negative values promoted in these films do exist in American society (and the film industry is certainly not irresponsible for their spread). However, there exists a great fundamental difference between the realistic mode of representation that calls a spade a spade, and the deliberate overt aggrandization and idealization of every kind of negativity as something not just typical but praiseworthy and exemplar (the glorification of the [[Ku Klux Klan]] in ''Birth of a Nation'', of the Mafia in gangster films, of street gangs in hood films, etc).<ref>https://thecharnelhouse.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Georg-Luka%3Fcs-The-Destruction-of-Reason-1952.pdf</ref>

It was a characteristic of the Hitler regime that, by skilful propaganda through the use of the cinema and movie industry, it led essentially and harmlessly mediocre people, sometimes even gifted ones, into becoming accomplices and indeed active participants in terrible crimes and barbaric deeds of inhumanity. Without such 'social pedagogics' (like the widely-promoted "The Eternal Jew", "Süss the Jew" and other such movies), [[Auschwitz]], for example, would not have been possible.<ref>https://thecharnelhouse.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Georg-Luka%3Fcs-The-Destruction-of-Reason-1952.pdf</ref>

==Conflict over values==
There have been, however, a handful of prominent people whose work in Hollywood opposed these values. [[Charlton Heston]], [[Jim Caviezel]], Ricardo Montalban, [[Ronald Reagan]], [[James Stewart]], [[Pat Boone]], Paul Schofield, Lisa Whelchel (who played ''The Facts of Life'' character Blair Warner, but refused a role where she would be the first of Eastland's girls to become a non-virgin), [[Walt Disney]], Jodi Benson, and many others practiced conservative values while working in Hollywood and the productions of these and many others also reflect these values, irrespective of the names associated with them: ''[[The Chronicles of Narnia]]'' and ''Independence Day'' (a 1996 movie about the United States being attacked by hostile alien invaders on [[Independence Day]]) being recent examples.

Although the social elite and studio executives of Hollywood may have held different values than [[Real America|Main Street America]], the disparity was hidden from the public. First, many film studios and actors hired publicity agents to control what lifestyle facts became known to the public. Certain personal indiscretions were considered "off-limits" to journalists and not generally reported, such as [[Marilyn Monroe]]'s connection to various [[organized crime]] and political figures (including [[JFK]]).

Second, both the film studios and the television networks had codes of acceptable content. Actors who were living by Hollywood values were creating films and television programs that carefully avoid sexually explicit themes or foul language. For example, the code required that if a married couple were to be shown in a bedroom scene, they would have twin beds and would be wearing [[pajamas]].

Third, after the [[United States Supreme Court]] ruled that the [[First Amendment]] protected certain forms of literature and motion pictures that were previously considered [[pornographic]] in ''Miller v. California'' in 1973, the case law developed that applied local community standards when deciding whether a particular work was to be protected. This had the effect of decoupling national values from Hollywood values and started a race to the lowest common denominator.

Finally, over time, the media has shifted from being concentrated to being dispersed. The three major television networks ([[ABC]], [[CBS]] and [[NBC]]) shifted to thousands of cable channels, and the adoption of the Internet by the general public made controlling the spread of news and the fabrication of false public images by movie studios impossible. As a result, tabloid journalism and [[reality television]] spread the full impact of the Hollywood lifestyle throughout American culture. 
The shows these television stations transmit has continued to become more and more vulgar; [[The Simpsons]] has become one of the most influential animated shows of all time, spawning other adult animated programs such as [[Futurama]], [[Family Guy]], [[Robot Chicken]], and [[Rick and Morty]]. Before [[The Simpsons]] premiered, Republican presidents had won 4 out of the last 5 American Presidential elections; afterwards, Bill Clinton won two elections back to back, the first Democrat to do so since FDR.

==Description==

Hollywood values include a flagrant disrespect and disregard for:

* [[abstinence]], [[marriage]] and [[fidelity]]
* [[patriotism]]
* [[religion]] and [[spirituality]] (Hollywood's profits depend on the [[advertising]] and sale of [[materialism|material goods]] and other superficial "solutions" to problems.)
* [[accountability]]
* the [[military]]<ref>[http://www.nypost.com/p/news/opinion/editorials/hollywood_gets_it_right_p4d84a9jyymsfLw0THb7EM "Hollywood gets it right"] (March 9, 2010). ''New York Post''.</ref>
* family responsibilities, like childrearing<ref>Li, David K. (February 13, 2008). [http://www.nypost.com/seven/02132008/news/nationalnews/brit_doesnt_want_her_kids__1st_ex_97425.htm "Brit doesn't want her kids: 1st ex"]. New York Post website. See [[Britney Spears]].</ref>
* laws that apply to everyone else
* commonly accepted behavioral boundaries and values of human decency
* hard work and humility

In addition, Hollywood portrays these values as rebellious and [[counterculture|countercultural]]. They portray religious and spiritual institutions as greedy, self-serving, sexually perverted, prejudiced, ignorant, and unscientific. When comparing the satisfaction brought about by faith, spirituality, family, and friendship, which may happen to include donations to a church or other organization, it is clear that the profits of Hollywood and the industries which rely upon Hollywood for profit are the true establishment—thus making traditional values truly rebellious and countercultural, and Hollywood values a lie.

==Deaths ==
Hollywood values are unnaturally deadly. Tourists in Hollywood can visit over 30 sites of typically self-inflicted Hollywood celebrity deaths.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130529232746/http://hollywoodusa.co.uk/celebrity-death-sites.htm "'Celebrity death sites'"]. "Hollywood and Los Angeles" website. Retrieved from May 29, 2013 archive at Internet Archive.</ref> A sampling of deaths caused by Hollywood values include:<ref>Multiple references:
*Anees, Saira and Kramer, Carolyn (January 29, 2008). [http://www.abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/story?id=4174733&page=1 "Gone before 30: Stars who died young"]. ABC News website.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20121105071538/http://www.citytv.com/toronto/citynews/entertainment/news/article/20021--list-of-celebrities-taken-by-drug-use-tragic-and-growing "List of celebrities taken by drug use tragic and growing"] (January 23, 2008). City''News'' Toronto website. Retrieved from November 5, 2012 archive at Internet Archive.</ref>
*Nick Adams, 36, TV actor, died of an overdose from barbiturates.
*Jeremy Applegate, 24, actor, committed suicide, ironically after saying (in a voiceover scene) in 1989's teen film ''Heathers'' "I hope this never happens to me, because I couldn't handle suicide".
*John Barrymore, 60, actor, died from cirrhosis of the liver from heavy drinking.
*John Belushi, 33, comedian, was a repeated drug abuser who ultimately died of a lethal injection of cocaine and heroin.
*Chester Bennington, 41, lead singer for the rock band Linkin Park committed suicide by hanging.
*Steve Bing, 55, Hollywood producer and associate of [[Jeffrey Epstein]] and the Clintons, reportedly jumped from the 27th floor of his apartment building; although officially ruled a "suicide", it is widely believed that Bing was actually murdered, [[Clinton body count|both due to his association with the Clintons]] and to silence him over [[Bill Clinton#Jeffrey Epstein, convicted registered pedophile and co-founder of the Clinton Foundation|what he knew about Epstein and Bill Clinton]].<ref>[https://sonsoflibertymedia.com/hollywood-producer-who-was-part-of-jeffrey-epsteins-lolita-express-circle-dead-falls-off-27th-floor-of-building/ Hollywood Producer Who Was Part Of Jeffrey Epstein’s "Lolita Express Circle" Dead – Falls Off 27th Floor Of Building] at Sons of Liberty Media</ref>
*Clara Blandick, 81, actress, "Aunt Em" in ''[[The Wizard of Oz]]'' committed suicide in 1962 by overdosing on prescription medication.
*John Bonham, 32, drummer for [[Led Zeppelin]], after too much alcohol, asphyxiated on vomit.
*Jonathan Brandis, 27, actor, committed suicide by hanging in 2003.<ref>[http://www.smh.com.au/news/heath-ledger/ten-actors-who-died-in-their-20s/2008/01/23/1201024961111.html "Ten actors who died in their 20s"] (January 23, 2008). The Sydney Morning Herald website.</ref>
*Elisa Bridges, 28, ''[[Playboy]]'' magazine model, drug overdose combining heroin, methamphetamine and other drugs.
*Joseph Brooks, 73, Hollywood producer, composer, lyricist, and accused multiple rapist who committed suicide.
*Bobbi Kristina Brown, 22, was in a coma for 6 months after being found unconscious in a bathtub—died 6 months later.
*Timothy Buckley, 29, musician, died of a [[heroin]] overdose in 1975.
*Richard Burton, 58, actor, a longtime alcoholic and chain smoker, died from a stroke, but also suffered from numerous other health problems.
*David Carradine, 72, actor, died from suffocation, most likely suicide, had a history of suicidal thoughts, alcohol and narcotics abuse <ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,525177,00.html "Forensic scientist says Carradine death may be accidental suffocation"] (June 5, 2009). Fox News website.</ref>
*Stephen Clark, 30, Def Leppard guitarist, drug and alcohol overdose<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1108020/bio "Stephen Clark"]. Internet Movie Database.</ref>
*Lana Clarkson, 40, actress and model murdered by [[Phil Spector]]
*Kurt Cobain, 27, lead singer from the band [[Nirvana (band)|Nirvana]], a heroin addict who committed suicide with a shotgun blast to the head.
*Ray Combs, 40, host of the TV game show ''Family Feud'', committed suicide by hanging himself while, ironically, in a psychiatric ward where this was supposed to be prevented.
*Jeff Conaway, 60, film and television actor died from a suspected overdose. He struggled with addictions to cocaine and alcohol.
*Don Cornelius, 75, ''Soul Train'' TV creator died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2012/02/01/soul-train-creator-don-cornelius-dead-apparent-suicide-report-says/ "'Soul Train' creator Don Cornelius dead of apparent suicide"] (February 1, 2012). Fox News website.</ref>
*Chris Cornell, 52, well-known lead singer for the band Soundgarden, committed suicide by strangulation.
*John Costelloe, 47, actor from HBO's ''The Sopranos'' known as "Johnny Cakes", shot himself in the head.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,472864,00.html "'Sopranos' actor shocks fans, loved ones with holiday suicide"] (December 25, 2008). Fox News website.</ref>
*Bob Crane, 49, the actor's success as one of ''[[Hogan's Heroes]]'' led to a bizarre life of [[sex addiction]]. He was beaten to death in 1978.
*Karl Dane, 47, silent film actor, committed suicide by gunshot.
*[[James Dean]], 24, a notoriously reckless and frequently ticketed driver crashed fatally head-on into a car turning left in front of his Porsche.
*Brad Delp, 55, lead singer for the band Boston, committed suicide by carbon monoxide poisoning.
*Divine, 42, transvestite who was also homosexual, died of an enlarged heart.
*Kevin DuBrow, 52, lead singer of 1980's metal band Quiet Riot, died from an overdose of cocaine.
*Ryan Dunn, 34, [[MTV]]'s reality star from the series ''[[Jackass]]'', died in a 3:00 AM auto accident after a night of drinking.<ref>[http://www.tmz.com/2011/06/20/jackass-ryan-dunn-dies-dead-car-crash-accident-pennsylvania/ "Ryan Dunn dead: 'Jackass' star dies in car crash"] (June 20, 2011). TMZ website.</ref>
*Eazy-E, 31, hip hop musician, [[AIDS]] death in 1995 contracted through drug use.
*Peg Entwistle, 24, actress, leaped to her death from atop the Hollywood sign.
*Brian Epstein, 32, manager of band The Beatles, overdosed on sleeping pills and alcohol.
*Althea Flynt, 33, wife of ''Hustler'' publisher [[Larry Flynt]], died of possible [[AIDS]] from an infected [[blood transfusion]] or prescription drug overdose.
*Chris Farley, 33, comedian, died from an overdose of morphine and cocaine.
*Frances Farmer, 56, cancer brought on by her former lifestyle of heavy smoking.
*Carrie Fisher, 60, actress best known for her role in ''[[Star Wars]]'' movies, toxicology report showing cocaine, heroin and ecstasy in her system when she died.
*Shain Gandee, 21, from MTV reality show ''Buckwild'' died from accidental carbon monoxide poisoning.
*[[Judy Garland]], 47, overdosed on sleeping pills.
*Lucy Gordon, 28, British actress from the movie ''Spiderman 3'', hung herself <ref>Verges, Jean-Pierre (May 21, 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20090523032706/https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/Movies/wireStory?id=7642829 "Actress Lucy Gordon found dead at age 28 in Paris"]. ABC News website. Retrieved from May 23, 2009 archive of Internet Archive.</ref>
*Tom Graeff, 41, producer/director of the 1959 science fiction B-movie ''Teenagers from Outer Space'' who later engaged in a homosexual affair with that movie's lead actor, committed suicide in 1970 by inhaling carbon monoxide from car exhaust after several years of business and personal reverses.
*Paul Gray, 38, bassist of heavy metal band Slipknot, died from an overdose of morphine and fentanyl.<ref>Crumb, Michael J. (June 21, 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100624113954/http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20100622/ap_on_en_mu/us_slipknot_bassist_autopsy "Slipknot bassist died of morphine overdose".] Yahoo News website. Retrieved from June 24, 2010 archive at Internet Archive.</ref>
*Lee Grivas, 26, the on-again, off-again boyfriend of ''Married with Children'' actress Christina Applegate, 36, was found dead of an apparent drug overdose<ref>Standora, Leo (July 3, 2008). [http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/gossip/christina-applegate-boyfriend-lee-grivas-found-dead-article-1.346353 "Christina Applegate's sometime boyfriend, Lee Grivas, found dead"]. New York Daily News website.</ref>
*Corey Haim, 38, teen idol who starred in many teen movies and then a reality show, died of a drug overdose.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/8560246.stm "Lost Boys actor Corey Haims dies aged 38"] (March 10, 2010). BBC News website/Entertainment.</ref>
*Russell Craig "Rusty" Hamer, 42, child actor who starred with Danny Thomas in ''Make Room for Daddy''/''The Danny Thomas Show'', self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head.
*Phil Hartman, 49, actor, murdered in his million-dollar house by his drug-addicted third wife, Brynn Hartman.
*Margaux Hemingway, 42, fashion model, suicide.
*[[Jimi Hendrix]], 27, an enthusiastic abuser of illegal drugs, choked on his own vomit after overdosing on sleeping pills and alcohol in 1970.
* John Holmes, adult porno star, died in 1988 of AIDS at age 43.
*[[Whitney Houston]], 48, singer/actress autopsy reports showed cocaine and drowning as contributors to her death.<ref>TMZ (March 30, 2012). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2012/03/30/cocaine-found-in-whitney-houstons-hotel-room-report-says/?intcmp=features "Cocaine found in Whitney Houston's hotel room, report says"]. Fox News website.</ref>
*[[Rock Hudson]], 59, AIDS in 1985.
*Michael Hutchence, 37, asphyxiated during an auto-erotic act while alone in a Sydney Australia hotel. His wife, Paula Yates (see below), also fell victim to Hollywood Values.
*[[Michael Jackson]], 50, cardiac arrest from a toxic mixture and abuse of prescription drugs, improperly prescribed by doctors.
*Joyce Jameson, 54, actress who played one of the "Fun Girls" on ''The Andy Griffith Show''; committed suicide in 1987 by overdosing on pills.
*Richard Jeni, 49, comedian, suicide<ref>Associated Press (March 12, 2007). [https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,258231,00.html "Comedian Richard Jeni dies of apparent suicide"]. Fox News website.</ref>
*Mary Anissa Jones, "Buffy" on family-esqe sitcom, ''Family Affair'', died of a multi-drug overdose in 1976, age 18.
*Russell Tyrone Jones (a.k.a. "Old Dirty Bastard"), 35, hip hop musician, died of drug overdose two days before his 36th birthday.
*Janis Joplin, 27, heroin overdose
*Brian Keith, leading man of sitcom, ''Family Affair'' and conservative titular judge in ''Hardcastle and McCormick'', suicide in 1997, almost 21 years after fellow ''Family Affair'' star Anissa Jones' death and days after his own daughter's suicide at 27.
*Lisa Robin Kelly, 43, ''That '70s Show'' actress died while in a rehab facility for addictions.
*Andrew Koenig, 41, child actor in the TV series ''Growing Pains'', committed suicide.<ref>US Magazine (February 26, 2010). [http://omg.yahoo.com/news/andrew-koenigs-body-found-in-vancouver-park/36485?nc "Andrew Koenig's body found in Vancouver Park"]. Yahoo! website/OMG.</ref>
*Michael Landon, 54, an admitted chain smoker and heavy drinker despite his wholesome characters of Little Joe Cartwright on ''Bonanza'', Charles Ingalls on ''Little House on the Prairie'' and Jonathan Smith on ''Highway to Heaven'', died of pancreatic cancer.
*Jani Lane, 47, lead singer for the rock band Warrant, found dead in a hotel room. He had a history of alcohol abuse.<ref>TMZ staff (August 12, 2011). [http://www.tmz.com/2011/08/11/warrant-singer-jani-lane-dead-dies-died-hotel-ventura-los-angeles-cherry-pie "Ex-Warrant singer Jani Lane dead at 47"]. TMZ website.</ref>
*[[Heath Ledger]], 28, a straight actor best known as one of ''[[Brokeback Mountain]]'''s homosexual cowboys, died in his [[Manhattan]] apartment in 2008 from an accidental overdose of painkillers, sleeping pills, anti-anxiety medication and other prescription drugs.<ref>Associated Press (February 6, 2008). [https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,328828,00.html "Heath Ledger died of accidental overdose of prescription drugs, examiner says"]. Fox News website.</ref>
*[[Bruce Lee]] (Li Xiaolong), actor, 33, collapsed and died; trace amounts of cannabis found in bloodstream at postmortem; the official cause of death was acute cerebral edema (swelling of the brain) from hypersensitivity to aspirin. Cannabis probably didn't contribute to his death.
*Johnny Lewis, 28, actor from ''Sons of Anarchy'' fell to his death after killing his 81-year-old landlord.
*Stuart Lubbock, 31, found dead in the swimming pool of popular TV entertainer Michael Barrymore, having suffered severe anal trauma, after a drug-fueled party at the star's home
*[[Bob Marley]], 36, reggae musician, a notorious cannabis smoker, died of skin cancer. His "religion" (Rastafarianism) prevented him from treating the cancer.
*Ashley Mattingly, 33, ''Playboy'' model, suicide by gunshot after struggling with substance abuse.
*Freddie Mercury, 45, born Farrokh Bulsara, lead singer of the band [[Queen (band)|Queen]], died from AIDS-related bronchial pneumonia.
*Hagen Mills, 29, actor on the FX network shot the mother of his child before killing himself after being released on rape charges. <ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/entertainment/2020/05/20/hagen-mills-shoots-partner-then-kills-himself-after-release-from-jail/ (Breitbart)]</ref>
*Sal Mineo, 37, actor, murdered under circumstances that suggested "a homosexual motive".
*[[Marilyn Monroe]], 36, actress, overdosed on sleeping pills.
*Cory Monteith, 31, actor of the liberal show ''Glee'' died from a mix of heroin and alcohol.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2013/07/16/cory-monteith-died-mixture-heroin-and-alcohol-coroners-service-says/ "Cory Monteith died of a 'mixed drug toxicity' involving heroin and alcohol, Coroner's Service says"] (July 16, 2013). FoxNews website/Fox 411.</ref>
*Keith Moon, 32, drummer of [[The Who]] overdosed on Clomethiazole prescribed to treat his [[alcoholism]].
*[[Jim Morrison]], 27, died of an apparent heroin overdose.
*Brittany Murphy, 32, film actress died of cardiac arrest from combining prescription drugs <ref>New York Post (February 27, 2010). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2010/02/27/brittany-murphy-taken-vicodin-days/ "Brittany Murphy may have taken 109 Vicodin in 11 days"]. FoxNews website/Fox411.</ref> Official death from pneumonia and drug intoxication.
*Chris Penn, 40, brother of [[Sean Penn]], "died accidentally from an enlarged heart and the effects of a mix of multiple medications".
*Amanda Peterson, 43, 1980s movie star from ''Can't Buy Me Love'' film died from respiratory failure, as a result of an overdose from a combination of drugs.<ref>Serio, Kelli (September 3, 2015). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-hollywood/2015/09/03/cant-buy-me-love-actress-amanda-peterson-died-of-an-accidental-drug-overdose/ "'Can't Buy Me Love' Actress Amanda Peterson died of an accidental drug overdose"]. Breitbart News Network website/Big Hollywood.</ref>
*River Phoenix, 23, died from an overdose of cocaine and heroin.
*Dana Plato, 34, ''Diff'rent Strokes'' actress, suicide by drug overdose after posing for lesbian pornography.
*[[Elvis Presley]], 42, large drug intake causes cardiac arrhythmia and rumored to have suffocated on the carpet when he collapsed from a drug overdose.
*Freddie Prinze, 22, actor from ''Chico and the Man'', committed suicide by gunshot to the head.
*Richard Pryor, 65, comedian with a history of smoking cocaine, died of a heart attack.
*Virginia Rappe, 30, died of a ruptured bladder incurred at a party hosted by [[Roscoe Arbuckle]].
*Robert Reed, 59, actor known as Mike Brady on ''The Brady Bunch'' was a homosexual with AIDS, died from cancer in 1992.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/slideshow/entertainment/2013/05/21/brady-bunch-then-and-now/?slide=25#slide=25 "Robert Reed in 1990"] (May 21, 2013). Fox News website.</ref>
*Brad Renfro, 25, became addicted to heroin and was found dead after a night of drinking.
*George Reeves, 45, actor who played Superman from the series ''Adventures of Superman'', suicide by gunshot.
*Mark Salling, 35, actor in the FOX TV series ''Glee'', suicide by hanging after pleading guilty to possession of child pornography.
*Rebecca Schaeffer, 21, actress in CBS's television series ''My Sister Sam'', stalked and murdered by a crazed fan in 1989.
*Ronald, aka "Bon" Scott lead singer of [[AC/DC]] choked on his own vomit on alcohol and illegal drugs in 1980 while touring to support their (appropriately titled ?) album, ''Highway To Hell''.
*Jean Seberg, 40, actress with clinical depression committed suicide by overdose of alcohol and barbiturates.
*Michael Showers, 45, HBO actor found dead in the Mississippi River.<ref>NewsCore (August 25, 2011). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2011/08/25/treme-actor-michael-showers-body-found-in-mississippi-river/#ixzz1W3rKzHFr "'Treme' actor Michael Showers' body found in Mississippi River"]. FoxNews website/Fox411.</ref>
*[[Anna Nicole Smith]], 39, actress and ''Playboy'' model, accidental overdose on prescription drugs.
*Bubba Smith, 66, football player and actor, died from an overdose of diet pills.<ref>[https://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2056807/Police-Academy-star-Bubba-Smith-died-diet-pill-overdose.html "Revealed: Police Academy star Bubba Smith died of a diet pill overdose"] (November 2, 2011). Daily Mail [U.K.] website.</ref>
*Elliott Smith, 34, singer who committed suicide in 2003 by stabbing himself in the chest.<ref>Ulaby, Neda (October 22, 2003). [https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1475177 "Singer Elliott Smith dead in apparent suicide"]. National Public Radio website.</ref>
*Layne Staley, 34, found dead in apartment two weeks after a drug overdose.<ref>[http://www.thesmokinggun.com/documents/celebrity/alice-chains-singers-death "Alice in Chains singer's death"] (April 22, 2002). The Smoking Gun website.</ref> Layne's 1992 ''Alice in Chains'' song "Junkhead" on its face promoted the use of hard drugs to which he had grown addicted (in particular to those who didn't hear it as role-playing).<ref>Jerry Cantrell and Layne Staley (1992). "Junkhead". ''Dirt'' (Columbia Records). Retrieved from February 14, 2012 archive at Sing365 website: [http://www.sing365.com/music/lyric.nsf/Junkhead-lyrics-Alice-In-Chains/3A665DABDFC00AD54825688F0010CD45 "Alice in Chains - Junkhead lyrics"]. Caution: copyrighted material. For fair educational use only.</ref>
*Dorothy Stratten, 20, murdered in 1980 by her husband after engaging in an extramarital affair.
*David Strickland, 29, actor, cast member of NBC's ''Suddenly Susan'' hung himself in a Las Vegas hotel.
*Sawyer Sweeten, 20, child actor who played in 139 episodes of ''Everybody Loves Raymond'' committed suicide by gunshot.
*Carl "Alfalfa" Switzer, 31, ''Little Rascals'' star was shot and killed collecting a debt while drunk.
*Sharon Tate, 26, an actress with a [[hippie]] lifestyle who was murdered by followers of [[Charles Manson]], a [[Beatles]]-obsessed musician wannabe; Manson's followers murdered Tate, who was pregnant and only two weeks from birth, her unborn child, her prior lover, who was staying with her while her husband, movie producer [[Roman Polanski]] (see 'Crime', below), was away, and another unmarried couple staying in the house. (It is believed that Manson had actually intended his followers to kill the home's previous residents, Terry Melcher (son of [[Doris Day]]) and Candice Bergen.)<ref>Multiple references:
*Micah (April 11, 2008). [http://moviegeeksclub.blogspot.com/2008/04/polanski-problem.html "The Polanski problem"]. Movie Geeks Club blog.
*Tate, Debra (2002 or bef.). [http://www.sharontate.net/bio4.html "Sharon Tate biography, p. 4"]. The Official Sharon Tate Website.</ref>
*Lou Tellegen, 52, a silent film and stage actor, suicide.
*Lupe Vélez, 36, 1920s-1940s movie actress, suicide by an overdose of sleeping pills; she was pregnant and didn't want an illegitimate child.
*[[Sid Vicious]], 21. [[Heroin]] overdose while awaiting trial for his girlfriend's murder in [[New York City]].
*Hervé Villechaize, 50, actor who played the character Tattoo on the hit show ''Fantasy Island'', committed suicide by self-inflicted gunshot.
*Kenneth Williams, 62, comedian and actor, heart failure from interaction of pain medication and sleeping pills.
*[[Amy Winehouse]], 27, young singer with a life of substance abuse. Toxicology reports showed alcohol but no illegal drugs found in her system.<ref>Perpetua, Matthew (August 23, 2011). [http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/amy-winehouse-was-drug-free-when-she-died-20110823 "Amy Winehouse toxicology report shows no illegal drugs"]. Rolling Stone website. Retrieved September 15, 2015.</ref>
*[[Robin Williams]], 63, actor and comedian died from suicide by hanging.
*Ed Wood, 54, low-budget sci-fi director who was known for cross-dressing, became an alcoholic and died of a heart attack.
*Natalie Wood, 43, actress, drowned while intoxicated.
*Paula Yates, 41, television writer, heroin overdose. "Coroner Dr Paul Knapman told Westminster Coroners Court she had not committed suicide but said her behaviour had been "foolish and incautious". Her death was the result of "an unsophisticated taker of heroin" using drugs, he said. The court heard that 0.3 mg of morphine per litre of blood was found in her body, which would not have been enough to kill her had she been a heroin addict."<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/1013404.stm "Heroin overdose killed Yates"] (November 8, 2000). BBCNews website/UK. Retrieved September 15, 2015.</ref>

==Sexually transmitted diseases==
The loose sexual morals characteristic of the lifestyle defined by Hollywood Values often lead to sexually transmitted diseases. Examples include,

* John Holmes died of AIDS at 43 through promiscuous sex with women.
* [[Rock Hudson]] died of AIDS-related complications after contracting the disease through homosexual intercourse.
* Michael Jeter, who was homosexual, also died due to AIDS-related complications.
* Freddie Mercury of the rock group Queen, notorious for his flamboyant onstage presence, also contracted AIDS through his wildly promiscuous homosexual lifestyle, and subsequently perished of the self-inflicted condition.
* Tommy Morrison 44, died of undisclosed illness after testing positive for HIV. He starred in the movie ''Rocky V'' and claimed to be related to [[John Wayne]].<ref>{{cite news|title=heavyweight champ also starred in 'Rocky V'|first=Dave|last=Skretta|work=Washington Post|date=September 3, 2013|page=B5}}</ref>
* [[Charlie Sheen]] admitted in 2015 he is [[HIV]] positive, according to him four years after he was diagnosed with it.

== Crime ==
''See also:'' [[Irreligious prison population]]

'''Hollywood values often lead those holding them to commit, get arrested for and/or convicted of, a variety of crimes. Here are some examples:'''
* [[Amy Schumer]] was arrested twice, once for grand larceny <ref>https://radaronline.com/exclusives/2015/07/amy-schumer-arrested-grand-larceny-shoplifting/</ref> and for protesting Kavanaugh.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2018/10/04/us/amy-schumer-emily-ratajkowski-arrested-kavanaugh-protests/index.html</ref>
* Nikki Blonsky was arrested for a brawl fight in an airport.<ref>https://people.com/crime/hairsprays-nikki-blonsky-father-arrested-in-airport-fight/</ref>
* Michael Jace, actor from The Shield was convicted of second-degree murder in the shooting death of his wife.<ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/big-hollywood/2016/05/31/shield-actor-michael-jace-convicted-second-degree-murder/ The Shield Actor Michael Jace Convicted of Murdering His Wife, Breitbart, May 31, 2016]</ref>
* Ricardo Medina Jr., actor from the TV shows ''[[Power Rangers|Power Rangers Wild Force]]'', ''Power Rangers Samurai'', and ''Power Rangers Super Samurai'', is charged with murdering his roommate with a sword.<ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/big-hollywood/2016/01/14/former-power-rangers-star-charged-allegedly-killing-roommate-sword/ Former Power Rangers Star Charged Allegegedly Killing Roommate, Breitbart, January 15, 2016]</ref>
* Mark Salling from the TV show 'Glee' has been arrested on suspicion of possessing images of child abuse.<ref>[https://news.sky.com/story/1613995/glee-star-held-over-child-sex-abuse-imageGlee Star Held Over Child Sex Abuse Images, SkyNews, DECEMBER 29, 2015]</ref>
* Shia LaBeouf had arrests for public intoxication and has substance abuse problems.<ref>[http://www.tmz.com/2015/10/09/shia-labeouf-arrested-austin-texas/ "Shia LaBeouf arrested...booked for public intoxication"] (October 9, 2015). TMZ website.</ref>
* Paul Walker, the 40-year-old star of the movie series ''Fast & Furious'', was traveling at the "unsafe speed" of more than 100 miles per hour in a luxury sports car driven by his business partner, resulting in the tragic deaths of both.<ref>Alexander, Bryan (January 3, 2014). [https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2014/01/03/paul-walker-coroner-report/4306673/ "Paul Walker crash detailed in coroner's report"]. USA Today/Life.</ref>
* Dennis Farina, from [[NBC]]'s crime dramas, ''Crime Story'' (1986-1988) and ''Law and Order'' from 2004–2006, was arrested in 2008 for carrying an unregistered loaded handgun through Los Angeles International Airport. He was convicted that year, served two years probation and was fined $1991.00. Ironically, Farina was a police officer in real life-[[Chicago]] from 1967–1985.
* Frances Farmer, arrested in 1942 for driving with bright lights in a "dim out" zone that affected the West Coast during World War II and was convicted of drunk driving.<ref>[http://www.biography.com/people/frances-farmer-9542364 "Frances Farmer biography"] (2011 or before) Bio website. Retrieved on September 15, 2015.</ref> In 1943, she assaulted a hairdresser who she said insulted her and also failed to appear in court for the remainder of her previous fine. When arrested in 1943, she resisted and was eventually placed under the guardianship of her mother, who eventually committed her to various psychiatric hospitals until 1950 (the guardianship lasted until 1953). In 1963, after what was thought to have been a departure from her former hard-drinking lifestyle, she was arrested again for drunk driving and received a one-year license suspension.
* [[Paris Hilton]] was convicted in 2007 of driving while intoxicated, and then violated the terms of her probation, leading to a 45-day prison sentence.<ref>Associated Press (May 4, 2007). [http://www.today.com/id/18472845#.VfjeFBFVhBc "Paris Hilton sentenced to 45 days in jail"]. Today Show website.</ref> She was also arrested in Las Vegas on August 27, 2010, for possession of a controlled substance, [[cocaine]]. The hotel heiress was a passenger in a vehicle that was stopped by police. The driver was arrested for DUI pertaining to drugs, not alcohol. Through further interaction between Hilton and authorities, it was discovered she was in possession of a controlled substance.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2010/08/28/paris-hilton-arrested-drug-possession/ "Paris Hilton arrested for cocaine possession."] (August 28, 2010). Fox News website/Fox 411.</ref> In order to avoid prison, Hilton pleaded guilty to two misdemeanors, and received a sentence of one year's probation, a fine, community service and also was ordered to complete a drug abuse program.
* Actress Lori Petty, who was featured in ''Free Willy'' and ''A League of Their Own'', ran into a 14-year-old skateboarder and was arrested for felony drunk driving charges.<ref>Jones, Anthony (June 1, 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100131044820/http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7015343906 "Actress Lori Petty arrested for drunk driving after hitting teen with vehicle"]. All Headline News website. Retrieved from January 31, 2010 archive at Internet Archive.</ref>
* Craig Phillip Robinson, the actor famous for playing Darryl Philbin on NBC's ''The Office'', "was arrested on June 29, 2008, on suspicion of possessing MDMA, also known as ecstasy, and methamphetamine."<ref>Associated Press (August 15, 2008). [https://web.archive.org/web/20080817054845/https://www.cnn.com/2008/SHOWBIZ/TV/08/15/office.actor.arrested.ap/index.html "'Office' star Craig Robinson arrested"]. Cable News Network website/Entertainment. Retrieved from August 17, 2008 archive at Internet Archive.</ref>
* [[Winona Ryder]] was convicted of vandalism and grand theft for stealing designer merchandise worth $5,560.40.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20031212024546/http://www.courttv.com/trials/ryder/ "Winona Ryder shoplifting trial - full coverage"] (2003). CourtTV/Trials. Retrieved from December 18, 2003 archive at Internet Archive.</ref>
* [[O.J. Simpson]] is widely believed to have murdered his second ex-wife and her friend, and was found liable for this in a civil liability trial. He left California for Florida in 2000 to avoid paying any more of the liability amount to the families of the deceased and was convicted in 2008 of unrelated felonies committed in [[Las Vegas]], [[Nevada]] in 2007, served almost nine years in Nevada's Lovelock Prison until October 2017 and is currently on parole in Las Vegas until 2022.
* [[Jim Bakker]], televangelist for the PTL Club, was convicted of accounting fraud in 1989, stemming from the televangelism scandals of the later 1980s. He was sentenced to 45 years in prison and a $500,000 fine, but this sentence was commuted to eight years, the fine was voided and Bakker was placed on parole in 1994 but owed $6,000,000 to the [[Internal Revenue Service]].
* [[Jimmy Swaggart]], also a televangelist that was involved in the late 1980s televangelism scandals, was caught in 1991 with yet another prostitute while in Indio, [[California]], and when asked about it, he said: "The Lord said it's flat none of your business".
*Lana Turner was involved with [[Mafia]] enforcer John Stompanato, who tried murdering her in 1958, but was himself killed by Lana's daughter, Cheryl, then 14, in an incident that would be ruled justifiable.
*Hugh Grant was arrested in 1995 in Los Angeles when he was found in a car with a known prostitute.<ref>[http://www.mugshots.org/hollywood/hugh-grant.html "Hugh Grant mugshot"] (1999). Mugshots.org website.</ref>
*Stacy Keach, movie and television actor, was sentenced to 9 months imprisonment in the [[United Kingdom]] in 1984 after being arrested at [[London]] [[Heathrow Airport]] in possession of a large quantity of [[cocaine]].
*Kiefer Sutherland, an actor starring in Fox television series ''24'' was given a 48-day sentence for DUI in 2007, an offense committed while still on probation following a 2004 conviction for DUI.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7200633.stm "Sutherland is released from jail"] (January 21, 2008). BBC News website/Entertainment.</ref> He was also charged with misdemeanor assault for allegedly head-butting a fashion designer at a nightclub in 2009.<ref>Long, Colleen and McCartney, Anthony (May 8, 2009). [https://www.cnsnews.com/public/content/article.aspx?RsrcID=47880 "‘24’ star Kiefer Sutherland charged for allegedly head-butting a fashion designer"]. Associated Press. Retrieved from CNSNews.com website.</ref>
*Linda Blair of ''[[The Exorcist]]'''s I & II fame was arrested in 1977 for possession of [[cocaine]] with intent to sell.
*[[George Michael]] was convicted of "committing a lewd act in public", having been arrested in a public restroom by a plainclothes police officer. Arrested in September 2008 in a [[London]] public lavatory, he was found in possession of crack cocaine and cannabis—but merely received a caution.<ref>Baker, Luke; Joseph, John and Weir, Keith (September 21, 2008). [http://uk.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idUKLL28201720080921 "George Michael apologises for latest drugs bust"]. Reuters website/U.K./Entertainment.</ref>
*[[Snoop Dogg]], a popular [[rap]]per, was arrested in 2006 for [[marijuana]] possession. He is a libertarian<ref>University College London Libertarian Society (2007 or bef.) [http://www.ucllibertarians.com/celebrities.html "UCL Libertarian Society"]. UCL Libertarian Society website/Celebrity libertarians. Retrieved from July 27, 2007 archive at Internet Archive.</ref> who advocates legal marijuana use.<ref>Z, Lisa (October 26, 2007). [https://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/blogs/dailydish/detail?blogid=7&entry_id=21457 "Snoop Dogg's San Francisco honor retracted"]. SFGate [San Francisco ''Chronicle''] website/Daily dish.</ref>
*[[Roman Polanski]], Polish-born film director & producer, is unable to return anywhere in the [[United States]] as he jumped bail in 1978 and fled to [[France]] after being convicted on charges of unlawful sexual intercourse with a thirteen-year-old girl.
* Rapper DMX (Earl Simmons) was caught on camera drag racing at a speed over 110 miles on a freeway, and then a SWAT team was used to arrest him three days later on drug and animal cruelty charges. "The Maricopa County sheriff's office says the 37-year-old, whose real name is Earl Simmons, at first tried to barricade himself in his bedroom. He came out as a SWAT team entered during the early-morning raid Friday."<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/news/dmxs-reputation-goes-to-the-dogs/ "DMX's reputation goes to the dogs"] (May 9, 2008). CBS News website.</ref>
*Martha Stewart was charged with illegal [[insider trading]] in 2003.<ref>[http://www.sec.gov/news/press/2003-69.htm "SEC charges Martha Stewart, broker Peter Bacanovic with illegal insider trading"] (June 4, 2003). U.S. Security and Exchange Commission.</ref>
*Tatum O'Neal was arrested in 2008 for cocaine possession.<ref>Associated Press (June 2, 2008).
[https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,361361,00.html "Tatum O'Neal released after cocaine-possession arrest"]. Fox News website. See [[Associated Press]], [[Fox News Channel]].</ref>
*[[James Dean]] was frequently stopped and ticketed for many driving offenses.
*Redmond O'Neal, son of Farrah Fawcett and Ryan O'Neal, pled guilty to possessing heroin and methamphetamine as well as driving under the influence of drugs.<ref>Associated Press (June 27, 2008). [http://www.valleymorningstar.com/news/latest_news/article_43cfc74f-4c65-52bc-a097-cd7f9f7f5c2e.html "Redmond O'Neal pleads guilty to drug charges"]. [Rio Grande] Valley Morning Star website.</ref>
*Actor Nick Nolte was arrested for drunk driving in 2002.<ref>[http://www.thesmokinggun.com/mugshots/nolte1.html "Nick Nolte '02"] (September 1, 2002). The Smoking Gun website/Mug shots.</ref>
*Sean Bean was arrested and spent the night in a cell after allegedly beating his wife.<ref>Penrose, Justin (July 12, 2009). [https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/cops-called-to-sean-beans-house-406090 "Cops called to Sean Bean's house after 'domestic'"]. Mirror [U.K.] website/3am</ref>
*Shelley Malil, 43, worked as an actor in [[movies]] and [[television]]. He is charged with causing great bodily injury and using a deadly weapon on Kendra Beebe, a 35-year-old [[mother]] of two. He appeared on the back patio of Kendra's house and stabbed her 20 times. Now held on a $10 million bond.<ref>Hoffman, Allison (August 13, 2008). [https://www.foxnews.com/printer_friendly_wires/2008Aug13/0,4675,ActorArrested,00.html "'40-Year-Old Virgin' actor pleads not guilty"]. Associated Press. Reprinted at Fox News website.</ref>
*Former child actor John Julius Jacobson Jr., who used the stage name "Skylar Deleon" and had a minor part in one episode of the ''Power Rangers'' series and later began claiming to be a "woman" in his adult years, was found guilty of three murders, including those of Tom and Jackie Hawks, who were allegedly bound to the anchor of their yacht and tossed overboard.<ref>Hanley, Christine (October 21, 2008). [http://articles.latimes.com/2008/oct/21/local/me-deleon21 "Deleon guilty of killing couple at sea"]. Los Angeles Times website.</ref> He was subsequently sentenced to death and is currently on death row at San Quentin State Prison in California as of 2021.<ref>Taxin, Amy (April 10, 2009). [http://www.dcourier.com/main.asp?SectionID=1&SubSectionID=1&ArticleID=66850 "Man gets death for murder of Prescott couple"]. Associated Press. Reprinted in the Daily Courier [Prescott, Arizona] website.</ref>
*Musician George O'Dowd, better known by his stage name, [[Boy George]] in the 1980s band [[Culture Club]], was convicted for handcuffing a male escort to a bed against his will and then beating him with a chain.<ref>Simpson, Richard (December 5, 2008). [https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1092168/Guilty-Boy-George-warned-judge-faces-jail-falsely-imprisoning-male-escort.html "Guilty: Boy George warned by judge he faces jail for falsely imprisoning male escort"]. Daily Mail [U.K.] website/News.</ref> He served 4 months of his 15-month sentence in jail, and then spent an additional 90 days on home detention with electronic surveillance. Earlier he had been convicted of cocaine possession.
*Dana Plato was arrested for armed robbery and prescription forgery.
*Todd Bridges assaulted a motorist and was repeatedly arrested for drug-related offenses.
*Gary Coleman was arrested for assaulting a woman by punching her in the face.
*Musician/Producer [[Phil Spector]] was found guilty of second-degree murder for the shooting death of actress Lana Clarkson.<ref>[http://www.today.com/id/30194936#.Vft5Kt9VhBc "Spector found guilty of second-degree murder"] (April 13, 2009). Associated Press. Reprinted at Today Show website/Celebrities.</ref>
*Actor Elmore "Rip" Torn was arrested for breaking into a bank and carrying a firearm while intoxicated. In 2009, he was given probation in a drunk-driving case.<ref>Associated Press (January 30, 2010). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2010/01/30/actor-rip-torn-arrested-allegedly-breaking-connecticut-bank/?test=latestnews "Actor Rip Torn arrested for allegedly breaking into Connecticut bank"]. Fox News website/Fox411.</ref>
*Former teen actor Leif Garrett was arrested for possession of a controlled substance. He has a number of former arrests including [[heroin]] possession.<ref>Smith, Ryan (February 3, 2010). [https://www.cbsnews.com/blogs/2010/02/03/crimesider/entry6170622.shtml "Leif Garrett arrested: Former teen idol busted for controlled substance"]. CBS News website/News.</ref>
*[[Sean Penn]] was charged with criminal battery and vandalism for attacking the paparazzi in October 2009, something he is long-known to have done .<ref>TMZ staff (February 19, 2010). [http://www.tmz.com/2010/02/19/sean-penn-crime-battery-vandalism-prosecution-jail-paparazzi/ "Sean Penn charged with crimes"]. TMZ website.</ref>
*Comedian Andy Dick was arrested for groping an employee and a patron of a nightclub in West Virginia.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20100125073335/http://www.herald-dispatch.com/breaking/x818845820/Andy-Dick-arrested-by-HPD "Andy Dick charged with felony, shows still on"] (January 23, 2010). [Huntington, West Virginia] Herald Dispatch website. Retrieved from January 25, 2010 archive at Internet Archive.</ref>
*Actor Nicholas Brendon from ''Buffy the Vampire Slayer'' and ''Criminal Minds'' was arrested March 2010 in a drunken scuffle with police. He was charged with resisting arrest, two counts of battery against a police officer and felony vandalism. Brendon has a history of alcoholism.<ref>PopEater staff (April 7, 2010). [http://www.popeater.com/2010/04/07/nicholas-brendon-arrested-charged/ "'Buffy The Vampire Slayer' star charged with police battery, vandalism"]. PopEater website.</ref>
*Hollywood television producer Bruce Beresford-Redman of CBS's ''Survivor'' series was arrested as the lead suspect in the murder of his wife.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2010/04/08/mexican-official-hollywood-tv-producer-suspect-wifes-death/?test=latestnews "'Survivor' producer 'suspected' in wife's death in Mexico"] (April 8, 2010). Fox News website/Fox411/TV.</ref>
*Actor Chris Klein, star of the ''American Pie'' films, which glorify sex and alcohol abuse, was arrested for drunk driving in June 2010<ref>TMZ Staff (June 16, 2010). [http://www.tmz.com/2010/06/16/american-pie-chris-klein-busted-for-dui-arrest/ "'American Pie' star busted for DUI"]. TMZ website.</ref>
*Actor Michael Brea played roles in ''Ugly Betty'' and ''Step Up 3D'', killed his 55-year-old mother with a sword while yelling Bible verses.<ref>New York Post (November 24, 2010). [https://www.foxnews.com/us/2010/11/24/ugly-betty-actor-allegedly-kills-mother-foot-sword-screaming-repent/ "'Ugly Betty' actor allegedly kills mother with 3-foot sword while screaming 'Repent'"]. Fox News website/Crime & courts.</ref>
*TV host and actor Gary Collins was arrested and charged with a felony for allegedly leaving a restaurant without paying his $59.35 tab.<ref>Associated Press (January 5, 2011). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2011/01/05/tv-host-gary-collins-arrested-skipping-restaurant/ "TV host Gary Collins arrested for skipping out on $59 restaurant bill"]. Fox News website/Fox411/TV.</ref>
*Actress Jaime Pressly was arrested for driving under the influence.<ref>TMZ (January 11, 2011). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2011/01/11/jaime-pressly-wasted-dui-arrest/ "Jaime Pressly blew nearly three times legal limit on breathalyzer before arrest"]. Fox News website/Fox411/Celebrity news.</ref>
*Korey Rowe, producer of the 9/11 conspiracy film [[Loose Change 9/11: An American Coup|''Loose Change'']], was arrested for selling heroin.<ref>Associated Press (January 31, 2011). [https://www.foxnews.com/us/2011/01/31/conspiracy-film-producer-arrested-drug-charges/?test=latestnews "9/11 conspiracy film producer arrested on drug charges"]. Fox News website/Crime & courts.</ref>
*Lindsay Lohan is facing felony grand theft charges; she was charged with stealing a $2500 necklace from a Venice boutique.<ref>McKay, Hollie (February 5, 2011). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2011/02/05/lindsay-lohan-facing-years-state-prison-jewelry-theft "Lindsay Lohan facing three years in state prison"]. Fox News website/Fox411/Movies.</ref>
*Christina Aguilera was arrested under the misdemeanor charge of public intoxication.<ref>Associated Press (March 1, 2011). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2011/03/01/christina-aguilera-arrested-public-intoxication-report-says/?test=faces "Christina Aguilera arrested for public intoxication"]. Fox News website/Fox411/Music.</ref>
*Actor Tom Sizemore was arrested on an outstanding warrant for battery.<ref>Newscore (September 20, 2011). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2011/09/20/actor-tom-sizemore-arrested-on-outstanding-battery-warrant-report-says/#ixzz1YVp32AsJ "Actor Tom Sizemore arrested on outstanding battery warrant, report says"]. Fox News website/Fox411/Movies.</ref>
*Canadian filmmaker Roger Avary, who had collaborated with [[Quentin Tarantino]] in the past, was convicted of drunk driving and vehicular manslaughter in August 2009.<ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/news/arts/film/story/2009/08/21/avary-plea.html "''Pulp Fiction'' writer pleads guilty over deadly car crash"] (August 21, 2009). CBC News/Arts.</ref>
*Christian Bale was arrested for assaulting his mother.<ref>Associated Press (July 23, 2008). [https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,388124,00.html "Christian Bale arrested for allegedly assaulting mother, sister; actor denies allegation"]. Fox News website.</ref>
*Nicole Polizzi, star of the reality show ''Jersey Shore'', was arrested in July 2010 for disorderly conduct and a month later was fined $500 for the charges that followed.<ref>Parry, Wayne (September 8, 2010). [http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/entertainment/2012835886_apusjerseyshorearrest.html "MTV's 'Snooki' fined $500 for bothering beachgoers"]. The Seattle Times website/Entertainment.</ref> On May 31, 2011, she got into troubles with the law once more, this time in [[Italy]].<ref>Lu, Anne (May 31, 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20111010215259/http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/90050118?Snooki%20crashes%20into%20police%20patrol%20car%20in%20Florence%2C%20Causes%20traffic%20jam "Snooki crashes into police patrol car in Florence, causes traffic jam"]. All Headline News website. Retrieved from October 10, 2011 archive at Internet Archive.</ref>
*David Faustino, known primarily for playing Bud in ''Married With Children'', was arrested in 2007 for possessing marijuana.<ref>Associated Press (May 16, 2007). [https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,272977,00.html "'Married With Children' actor David Faustino arrested on marijuana, intoxication charges"]. Fox News website.</ref>
*Actress Natasha Lyonne has a long history of crime and drug use.<ref>Simonson, Robert (January 6, 2008). [https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/06/theater/06simo.html "When living at all is the best revenge"]. The New York Times website/Theatre.</ref>
*Hollywood producer Robert Evans was convicted in 1980 of possessing cocaine.<ref>Weinraub, Bernard (May 20, 1993). [https://www.nytimes.com/1993/05/20/movies/the-rise-and-fall-and-now-rise-of-robert-evans.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm "The rise and fall and, now, rise of Robert Evans"]. The New York Times website/Movies.</ref>
*Pop star Gary Glitter was convicted on charges related to child pornography and statutory rape.<ref>[https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1088318/Take-Sex-Offender-Registry-says-Gary-Glitter--taxpayers-fund-appeal.html "Take me off Sex Offender Registry, says Gary Glitter...and taxpayers will fund his appeal"] (November 21, 2008). The Daily Mail website/News.</ref>
*Former child actor Taran Noah Smith from ''Home Improvement'' was arrested for a DUI and drug possession.<ref>TMZ (February 1, 2012). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2012/02/01/home-improvement-kid-busted-for-dui-and-drug-possession/?intcmp=obnetwork "'Home Improvement' actor Taran Noah Smith busted for DUI, drug possession"]. Fox News website/Fox411/Celebrity News.</ref>
*Zsa Zsa Gabor slapped a policeman in [[Beverly Hills]] in 1989 when she was stopped for a traffic violation.
*Elliot O. Rodger, the son of Hollywood Director Peter Rodger, murdered six people in Isla Vista, California on May 23, 2014, and then, according to most accounts, turned one of his weapons on himself.<ref>Multiple references:
*Lovett, Ian and Nagourney, Adam (May 24, 2014). [https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/25/us/california-drive-by-shooting.html?_r=0 "Video rant, then deadly rampage in a California town"], with corrections, June 15, 2014. The New York Times website/U.S.
*Hurlbut, Terry A. (May 25, 2014). [https://www.conservativenewsandviews.com/2014/05/25/human/hollywood-deadly-values/ "Hollywood: Deadly values"]. Conservative News and Views website/Human interest.</ref>
*Several Hollywood celebrities such as Justin Timberlake,<ref>[https://twitter.com/jtimberlake/status/1266853404346810369 Justin Timberlake: "Please join me in supporting the Minneapolis protestors by donating to the @mnfreedomfund. The freedom fund is combatting the harms of incarceration by paying bail for low income individuals who cannot otherwise afford"] at Twitter</ref> Steve Carell, Ben Schwartz, Janelle Monáe, Cynthia Nixon, Jameela Jamil, Patton Oswalt and Seth Rogen, as well as members of [[Joe Biden]]'s staff,<ref>[https://www.lifezette.com/2020/05/hollywood-celebs-and-biden-staff-team-up-to-bail-out-violent-rioters/ Hollywood celebs and Biden staff team up to bail out violent rioters]</ref> have declared their open support for criminal terrorist organization/hate group [[Antifa]] by bailing its members out of jail so they can continue their rioting and other criminal activities,<ref>[https://thehill.com/changing-america/respect/equality/500090-celebrities-help-minneapolis-protestors-make-bail Celebrities help Minneapolis protesters make bail] at The Hill</ref> in defiance of laws which make it illegal to aid and abet criminal activity.<ref>[https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/2101 18 U.S. Code § 2101. Riots]</ref> Timberlake, Carell and the other celebrities were subsequently heavily criticized by Twitter posters for their support, aiding and abetting of the criminal rioters.
*Porn actor Ron Jeremy was charged with raping three women and sexually assaulting a fourth.<ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/entertainment/2020/06/23/porn-star-ron-jeremy-charged-with-rape-sexual-assault/ Porn Star Ron Jeremy Charged with Rape, Sexual Assault] at Breitbart News Network</ref> If convicted on all counts, the 67-year-old Jeremy may spend the rest of his life in prison as he would receive a sentence of 90 years on all the counts.

== Falsehoods ==
''See also: [[Essay:Worst Liberal Movies]]'' and [[Atheism and deception]]

Hollywood values perpetuate [[liberal]]-driven [[Essay:Liberal Falsehoods|falsehoods]]:

*''The Road We’ve Traveled''
:20-minute mini-documentary on [[Barack Obama]], narrated by actor [[Tom Hanks]], is more fiction than fact, more fantasy than reality.

*''Game Change''
:HBO's anti-Republican propaganda film about [[Sarah Palin]]. Stars and executives of the production gave $200K to Democrats, zero to Republicans.<ref>Sheppard, Noel (March 7, 2012). [http://newsbusters.org/blogs/noel-sheppard/2012/03/07/game-change-stars-and-execs-gave-200k-democrats-zero-republicans#ixzz1oUdT6O5w "'Game Change' stars and execs gave $200K to Democrats, zero to Republicans"]. MRCNewsbusters website.</ref>

*''Inside Job''
:A 2010 film by Democrat donor Charles Ferguson that blames the Great Recession on [[Wall Street]], deregulation, the [[Bush Administration]]. The film whitewashes Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac's role and claims the financial system corrupted politics. Capitalists are the bad guys.

*''Fair Game''
:Another Bush bash flick starring communist [[Sean Penn]]. 2010 film rehashes the lead up to the war in Iraq and [[Valerie Plame]]'s role. Typical un-American Hollywood film ''"The narrative that [[Karl Rove]] and Dick Cheney’s Chief of Staff [[Scooter Libby]] were nefarious behind-the-scenes players intent on destroying innocent reputations while pushing the nation into war on false pretenses."'' <ref>Weinstein, Jamie (November 10, 2010). [https://dailycaller.com/2010/11/10/hollywood-hit-job-fair-game-propagates-easily-disprovable-myths-about-lead-up-to-iraq-war/ "Hollywood hit job: ‘Fair Game’ propagates easily disprovable myths about lead up to Iraq War"]. The Daily Caller website.</ref>

*''The Iron Lady''
: Meryl Streep plays [[Margaret Thatcher]] in this gross mistake of a film. Liberals distort her triumphs and her low career points. Streep portrays Thatcher as a dementia-sufferer looking back at her life with sadness. The director defended the film as "a fictional film, but it will be fair and accurate." Thatcher's children Mark and Carol are appalled and say "They think it sounds like some Left-wing fantasy." <ref>Walker, Tim and Eden, Richard (July 17, 2010) [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/celebritynews/7895160/Margaret-Thatchers-family-are-appalled-at-Meryl-Streep-film.html "Margaret Thatcher's family are 'appalled' at Meryl Streep film"]. The Telegraph [U.K.] website.</ref>

*''The Tillman Story''
:A liberal's view of the circumstances surrounding the death of football star and Army Ranger [[Pat Tillman]]. The film portrays each and every fact as sinister. Plus, each and every fact is evidence of a conspiracy. Typical Hollywood [[George W. Bush]] bashing flick. The bias was clear, make Tillman a liberal atheist anti-war hero that was cannon-fodder for the government. Tillman's actions speak louder than any twisted accusations presented in this documentary.<ref>Schlichter, Kurt (July 13, 2010). [http://bighollywood.breitbart.com/kschlichter/2010/07/13/the-tillman-story-dont-let-the-facts-get-in-the-way-of-your-agenda/ "Film review: Absurd conspiracy theories abound in agenda-driven ‘Tillman Story’"]. Breitbart website/Big Hollywood. Retrieved from July 15, 2010 archive at Internet Archive.</ref> See also: [[Celebrity atheists]]

*Films based on the [[Matthew Shepard]] fallacy.
:Adherents to Hollywood values "green-lighted a troika of [[Matthew Shepard]] movies after he was senselessly killed because it affirmed their gut feeling that a homosexual young man living in backward America is destined for death at the hands of hateful ultraconservatives. A street in West Hollywood still stands in his name despite ABC News reporting the story false: He was killed by crazed meth addicts for drugs and money—not because of his homosexuality (in fact, one of his killers had himself been homosexual). Isn't that tragic enough? Yet Shepard is still the icon of homosexual victims' rights, and the mistaken story of his 'fate' soon thereafter befell Jake Gyllenhaal's character in ''Brokeback Mountain.'' The Oscar statuette stands as the exclamation point."<ref>Breitbart, Andrew (September 26, 2007). [https://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/la-op-dustup26sep26,0,1800794,full.story "What are 'Hollywood values'?: A Brokeback Mountain of lies."] Los Angeles Times website.</ref>

*''[[Inherit the Wind]]''
:Hollywood perpetuated complete lies about the [[Scopes Trial]] in order to smear Christianity, including:

:*portraying [[William Jennings Bryan]] as being ignorant, harsh and punitive, based on a false portrayal of his actions and testimony

:*falsely claiming that at the end Bryan, in a senseless fit of madness, died in the courtroom amid caring and reasonable Darwinists

:*falsely portraying the Darwinists in a positive light and the Christians as deceitful

:In real life, Bryan and the Christians won the trial and were charitable to the end, while the Darwinist Darrow was deceitful in reneging on his deal to take the witness stand after Bryan did.

*''U 571''
:The 2000 film ''U 571'' had a plot which was based on the first capture of a German Enigma machine in [[World War 2]]. However, in the film the capture is made by Americans. In fact, the first Enigma machine was captured by the British in 1941 prior to the Americans entering the war.

*''Better This World''
:2011 documentary "feature-length lie" is a [[PBS]] film regarding the thwarted domestic terrorist attack at the 2008 [[Republican]] National Convention and [[liberal]]s attempt to re-write history.<ref>Giles, Hannah (April 4, 2011). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-hollywood/2011/04/04/better-this-world-another-chapter-in-hollywood-s-love-affair-with-terrorists/ "‘Better This World’: Another chapter in Hollywood’s love affair with terrorists"]. Breitbart website/Big Hollywood.</ref>

*''Recount''
:The 2008 [[HBO]] movie on the 2000 Presidential elections and its aftermath in Florida. A look into how the [[Republicans]] stole the election and the role of its party members that made it happen. Republicans are portrayed as ghoulish and cited as manufacturing demonstrations. Both the real Warren Christopher and James Baker contend the film’s portrayal of the former is hopelessly untrue.<ref>Toto, Christian (May 24, 2008). [http://pjmedia.com/blog/hbos-recount-hanging-chads-and-black-humor/ "HBO’s ''Recount'': Hanging chads, black humor"]. PJ Media website/Blog.</ref>

*''Winter Soldiers''
:The 1972 film about U.S. troops from Vietnam put on record as baby killers, human rights violators, and general disservice to America. This myth was propagated by a few anti-war activist liberal actors that never did see combat in [[Vietnam]] and some were never in the country. The initial result was to hold hearings in Congress over the matter. All allegations were proven fabrications, falsehoods, and lies.

*''[[An Inconvenient Truth]]''
:The 2006 false documentary about man-made [[global warming]] created & hyped by [[liberal]] [[elitist]] [[Al Gore]]<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/story?id=3281925#.UC_rcVHBmcw "Bill Clinton, Al Gore get rich after White House"] (June 15, 2007). ABC News. Gore is worth $100 million.</ref> A [[British]] court found the film contained at least [http://www.conservapedia.com/Global_warming#Al_Gore.27s_.22Inconvenient_Truth.22_Movie_Claims 11 material falsehoods]. The Science and Public Policy Institute has found 35 falsehoods associated with the film.<ref>Monckton, Christopher (October 18, 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20071023015917/http://scienceandpublicpolicy.org/monckton/goreerrors.html "35 Inconvenient Truths"]. Science and Public Policy Institute website. Retrieved from October 23, 2007 archive at Internet Archive.</ref>

*''Million Dollar Baby''
:A 2004 [[Clint Eastwood]] pro-[[euthanasia]] film in which Eastwood euthanises his boxing trainee at her request after she suffered a crippling blow from her opponent that left her incurable. Especially controversial since 2005 when real-life [[Terri Schiavo]] was euthanised by her husband.

*''[[Kinsey]]''
:Also 2004. A Bill Condon film depicting the life of fraudulent sex researcher [[Alfred Kinsey]]. Especially anti-Christian in early scenes' portrayals of Christians as narrow-minded, hypocritical, mean-spirited and stingy. Normalizes all forms of illicit sex, esp. homosexual (of which Condon is an activist for), which resulted in the current [[venereal disease]] epidemics (i.e. [[AIDS]]), widespread [[abortion]], [[divorce]], [[pornography]], sex crimes, unmarried parenting and related urban poverty and violence by irresponsible parents.

*''[[Brokeback Mountain]]''
:2005. Like ''[[Kinsey]]'', it's also extremely graphic and pro-homosexual in its story of an off and on "romance" between two rural [[Wyoming]] cowboys during the 1960s-1980s.

*''Fahrenheit 911''
:A [[Michael Moore]] film that was a false portrayal of why America fought a war against [[Saddam Hussein]]'s Iraq. The main theme was to attack [[George W. Bush]] during wartime.

*''[[Sicko]]''
:Another [[Michael Moore]] film which spread many falsehoods about American healthcare while unduly glorifying the so-called benefits of socialized healthcare. Memorably referred to Cuban healthcare as being better than American healthcare.

*''Redacted''
:Brian De Palma’s 2007 fictional anti-Iraq War film funded by [[Mark Cuban]]. The film is credited with inspiring a terrorist attack that killed two U.S. servicemen in [[Germany]].<ref>Rosenthal, John (March 11, 2011). [http://pjmedia.com/blog/german-authorities-confirm-that-frankfurt-shooter-viewed-de-palma-clip/ "German authorities confirm that Frankfurt shooter viewed De Palma clip"]. PJ Media website/Blog.</ref>

==Disrespect for marriage==

''See also:'' [[Atheism and marriage]] and [[Liberal Christianity and marital infidelity]]

Many celebrities and other exponents of Hollywood Values have no respect for the sanctity of marriage—their own or anyone else's. This is manifested in a high rate of marriage breakdown, and by the home-wrecking activities of the promiscuous, whose moral outlooks have been distorted by liberal and atheistic teachings.
*Bonnie Lee Bakely was married ten times, divorced four, annulled five and her last marriage (to Robert Blake) was the only one ending in death—hers in 2001.
*Marion Barry, [[Washington D.C.]]'s second mayor after Walter Washington, best known for his videotaped crack bust in 1990, first three marriages ended in divorce, including the one to Effi Slaughter, his third wife with whom he had his only child and was married to when he was in the videotape with a model. His fourth marriage to Cora Masters when the one to Effi ended was the only one that ended in death-his in 2014.
*Ingrid Bergman, Swedish actress who achieved U.S. fame in the 1940s with ''[[Casablanca]]'' (1942) and ''The Bells Of St. Mary's'' (1945). In 1950, Ingrid, who was married to fellow Swede, Peter Lindstrom, had an affair with director Roberto Rosellini while in Italy filming his direction of the movie, ''Stromboli'' (1950) and remained there after becoming pregnant with his child. This caused her to be blacklisted from U.S. films and denounced from pulpits as "an agent of evil" until her U.S. comeback in ''Anastasia'' (1956). Her marriage to Rosellini, like the one to Lindstrom, ended in divorce, as did her third and last marriage afterwards to Lars Schmidt (1958-1978), four years before her death in 1982.
*Jacqueline Bisset, like Greta Garbo and Lauren Hutton, also never got married but was involved in many long term romances with actors, directors, dancers from various countries like Canada, Russia and Turkey.
*[[Michael Bloomberg]], New York City's mayor from 2002-2013 who continued his predecessor Giuliani's zero-tolerance and "stop and frisk" policies towards street crimes divorced his former wife in 1993 after 18 years of marriage and two children and has been living with his domestic partner Diana Taylor since 2000.
*[[Humphrey Bogart]], His first three marriages ended in divorce and his fourth (to Lauren Bacall) was the only one ending in death—his in 1957, 51.
*William Bratton, Los Angeles Police Department chief from 2002-2009 after previously commissioner of Boston Police Department from 1993-1994 and New York City's from 1994-1996 and 2014-2016 first three marriages ended in divorce before his current marriage (1999–present).
*Joan Crawford (real name Lucille Fay LeSueur), last of Hollywood's "movie queens" with roles spanning 45 years (1925-1970, most of her popularity in the 1930s) and long since a [[homosexual]] [[idol]], was married and divorced three times and named as the 'other woman' in at least one affair with a married man. Her fourth and last marriage to [[PepsiCo, Inc|Pepsi Company]]'s president Alfred Steele was the only one ending in death (his in 1959). When she died in 1977, her public disinheriting of her two oldest remaining adopted children from her $2M estate "for reasons that should be well known to them" was said to have caused her oldest daughter, Christina, to write her best-selling book ''Mommie Dearest'' (1978, adapted into film in 1981), which alleged a lifetime of [[Adultery|extramarital affairs]], [[alcoholism]] and selfishness-based [[child abuse]] at a time when child abuse was rarely talked about in public. Unfortunately, like her adoptive mother, Christina also got married and divorced three times in her own lifetime.
*[[Cecil B. DeMille]], despite his direction of popular Biblical epics, committed [[adultery]] during his marriage to Constance Adams that, surprisingly, lasted until his death in 1959, age 77.
*Frances Farmer, who was the subject of a 1982 biopic starring Jessica Lange (who herself adopted Frances' lifestyle into her own real life), as a [[public school]]er in 1931 denied God in a controversial award-winning high school essay called ''God Dies'' and in 1935, visited the [[USSR]], was also popular in the 1930s to the point of being considered "the next Greta Garbo", had three marriages at least two of whom ended in divorce, with extramarital affairs during at least one that included one with married play writer Clifford Odets. She also had a then-illegal [[abortion]] which left her sterile; the guilt of which caused her to avoid all contact with children. In 1958, however, when she moved to [[Indianapolis]] (she died there in 1970 at age 56), a friend's child whispered to her "I love you because you're good", something that nobody ever said or maybe even thought about her before. Soon afterwards, she went to St. [[Joan of Arc]] Catholic Church in where she went to [[confession]] of all her sins and took up classes about and in 1959 was baptized into the Catholic faith, turning away from her former lifestyle, at least until a 1963 arrest for drunk driving.
*Mark Fuhrman, a former Los Angeles Police Department officer like William Bratton, who himself was the perjurer in the 1995 [[O.J. Simpson]] murder trial, all three of his marriages ended in divorce.
*Greta Garbo shunned marriage for herself altogether but instead engaged in numerous affairs with married men.
*Ava Gardner was married and divorced three times between 1942-1957 and cheated during the marriages. During her marriage to Frank Sinatra (1951-1957, her last), she got pregnant twice and aborted both children because MGM had all sorts of penalty clauses about their stars having babies.
*[[Judy Garland]], best known for her "Dorothy Gale" role in ''[[The Wizard of Oz]]'' (1939) had five marriages, the first four ended in divorce, the last ended only three months later in her death in 1969 from a barbiturate overdose at age 46.
*[[Rudolph Giuliani]], [[New York City]]'s law and order mayor from 1994–2001, was married three times, the first to Regina Peruggi from 1968-1983 until he found that she was his second cousin. During his second marriage (1984-2002) to local television personality Donna Hanover, he had affairs with his press secretary, Christyne Lategano, and with Judith Nathan, even providing Nathan with police escorted chauffeuring services and bringing her to Gracie Manson. In 2002, his divorce from Hanover was finalized and he married Nathan in 2003, making it Nathan's third marriage after two previous divorces. In 2018, Nathan filed for divorce from Giuliani, who is currently dating Republican fundraiser Jennifer LeBlanc.
*Florence Henderson, despite her wholesome ''Carol Brady'' image on ''[[The Brady Bunch]]'', had an affair with then future New York City mayor John Lindsay in the 1960s during her first marriage to Ira Bernstein with whom she had all four of her children. She said Lindsay gave her crab lice. She divorced Bernstein in 1985 after 29 years and married John Kappas in 1987, which lasted until his death in 2002.
*[[Katharine Hepburn]], whose movie and TV career spanned over 60 years, married in 1928 at age 21 just to get money for her career. The marriage ended in divorce in 1934 after only six years and by her own choice, she never had any children. Shortly after her divorce, she entered into adulterous relationships with her married agent, Leland Hayward as well as with Howard Hughes and Spencer Tracy, the latter for 26 years until Tracy's death in 1967. The only "respect" Katharine had for Spencer's marriage to fellow actress Louise Treadwell was that she avoided his funeral since Treadwell and their children would be there.
*[[John Huston]], known for his multi roles in ''The Bible: In The Beginning'' (1966) as the film's director, narrator, [[Noah]] and [[God]]'s voice, was married five times but had affairs in all his marriages, the fourth of who was the only one ending in death-his fourth wife's in 1969.
*Lauren Hutton shunned marriage for herself altogether but was involved in a 27-year relationship with her manager Robert Williamson.
*[[Lana Turner]] Seven of her eight of her marriages ended in divorce and one in [[annulment]]. Two of them (her second & third) were to the same man, Steven Crane.
*[[Larry King]] (real name Lawrence Zeiger) has been married eight times to seven different women.
*Orenthal James, "O.J.", Simpson, cheated on his first wife, Marguerite L. Whitley, with Nicole Brown, who he met in 1977 while still married to Whitley and with whom he would be charged with spousal abuse of and eventually divorced from in 1992, two years before Brown's and her companion's murders in 1994 that he would be charged with, acquitted of in 1995 but found civilly liable in 1997 for both deaths and ordered to pay $33.5 million to hers and her companion's, Ronald Goldmans', families.
*Elizabeth Taylor has been married eight (8) times, including a nearly 6-year marriage to [[John Warner|Senator John Warner]] (R-VA). Taylor was married to and divorced twice from [[Richard Burton]].<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000072/bio "Elizabeth Taylor biography"] (2004 or bef.). Internet Movie Data Base website.</ref>
*Spencer Tracy, best known as Father Flannigan in both ''[[Boys Town]]'' films (1938 and 1941) and also for the pro- [[evolution]] ''[[Inherit the Wind]]'' (1960) and post [[World War II]] courtroom drama ''Judgment at Nuremberg'' (1961), was married to Louise Ten Broeck Treadwell from 1923-his death in 1967 but engaged in affairs with [[Joan Crawford]], [[Ingrid Bergman]] and his longest one with [[Katharine Hepburn]] until his death, claiming his "devout Catholic faith" was why he never got or sought a divorce from Treadwell.
*Valerie Bertinelli said her divorce from [[Eddie Van Halen]] was caused by infidelity and drug use—by both spouses. She said she was "destroying my body," trying to keep up with a rock-star lifestyle.<ref>Associated Press (February 26, 2008). [https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,332551,00.html "Valerie Bertinelli about divorce from Eddie Van Halen: 'I wasn't an angel either'"]. Fox News website. See [[Fox News Channel]], [[Associated Press]]</ref>
*Jolie Gabor, mother of the acting family the Gabor sisters (see individual entries below for each sister), and an actress herself, was twice divorced before her third marriage (to Count Edmond de Szigethy in 1957) was the only one lasting until death-his (de Szigethy's) in 1989.
*Magda Gabor, oldest sister of both Eva and Zsa Zsa Gabor, was married six times, divorced four, annulled once and whose fourth marriage (to Tony Gallucci in 1956) was the only one ending in death-Gallucci's in 1957. Magda never had any children.
*Zsa Zsa Gabor, middle sister of the Gabor acting family, has been married nine times. Her second marriage-to Hilton Hotels magnate Conrad Hilton from 1942-1947-was the only one where she (the only Gabor sister to do so) had any children (one with Hilton). One of her marriages—to Felipe de Alba in 1983—was annulled after one day. Her most recent (9th) marriage to Frederic Prinz von Anhalt in 1986 was the only one ending in death-hers on December 18, 2016, at age 99.
*Eva Gabor, youngest sister of both Magda and Zsa Zsa, was married and divorced five times and had extramarital affairs with [[Frank Sinatra]] among others. Eva, like her sister Magda, never had any children.
*Mickey Rooney has been married eight times but has been with his last wife for 30 years after embracing religion and abandoning his previous lifestyle.
*[[Frank Sinatra]] was married four times, divorced the first three, had affairs with Ava Gardner and Zsa Zsa Gabor and also had flings with [[prostitutes]].
*[[Charlie Chaplin]] married four times, including his marriage at the age of 54 to an 18-year-old bride.
*[[James Cameron]] has been married five times, one of which ended when he cheated on his wife. He also had an out of wedlock child with his fourth wife.
*[[Johnny Carson]] married four times, and frequently made light of his having divorced three times as if this were something funny.
*[[Meredith Baxter]] from ''[[Family Ties]]'', was married and divorced four times. In 2009, she finally admitted that she is a [[homosexual]].
*[[Larry Flynt]]'s first three marriages ended in divorce, his fourth marriage was the only one ending in [[widow]]ment (his by Althea's death in 1987) and his current one to Elizabeth Berrios in 1998 was when his daughter, Toyna, published her book ''Hustled'' in which she claims she was sexually abused as a child by him and has since been disowned when she became a [[Christian]] and anti-[[pornography]] [[activist]].
*In 2009, the married [[David Letterman]] admitted to having had adulterous sexual relationships with multiple members of his staff; he had previously fathered a child out of wedlock.
*[[Jayne Mansfield]] was married three times and had numerous extramarital affairs. She appeared in the centerfold of the pornographic magazine ''Playboy'', and died in 1967 at 42 in an automobile accident that was said to have been brought on by a curse placed by [[Satanist]] [[Anton LaVey]] on her lover, [[Sam Brody]], who was driving at the time and had also died, after expressing his hate for LaVey's cult.
*[[Britney Spears]]' 2004 marriage to Jason Alexander lasted 55 hours.
*Musicians [[Cher]] and [[Gregg Allman]] were married for about three years between 1975 and 1978.
*[[Drew Blyth Barrymore]] had a less than two-month marriage to Los Angeles bar owner Jeremy Thomas in 1994 and was twice married for 15 months to notorious lowbrow "comedian" Tom Green. Barrymore is a poster child for Hollywood values, as a former child star who became an alcoholic and drug addict who also posed for pornographic magazines.
*[[Arnold Schwarzenegger]], made public that he had an adulterous relationship and fathered a child with another woman.
*Halle Berry, a fanatic supporter of [[Barack Hussein Obama]],<ref>Lerer, Lisa (February 20, 2008). [https://www.politico.com/news/stories/0208/8605.html "Obamamania verges on obsession"]. Politico website.</ref> had been married two times in the past and gave birth out of wedlock.<ref>Harrington, Amy (August 21, 2009). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2009/08/21/celebrities-kids-wedlock/ "Celebrities who had kids out of wedlock"]. Fox News website/Fox411/Celebrity News.</ref> Later on, Berry and her baby's father Gabriel Aubry had split and a custody battle between the two ensued.<ref>Marikar, Sheila (Feburary 2, 2011). [https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/halle-berrys-latest-blunder-gabriel-aubry/story?id=12813387 "Gabriel Aubry: Another bad apple for Halle Berry?"]. ABC News website/Entertainment.</ref>
*[[Eddie Murphy]] impregnated former Spice Girl Melanie Brown without marrying her<ref>Silverman, Stephen M. (June 22, 2007). [http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20043487,00.html "Mel B: DNA proves Eddie Murphy fathered her baby"]. People Magazine website/People.</ref> and later on severed all contact with Melanie and their daughter.<ref>Hilton, Beth (June 17, 2008). [http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a101281/mel-b-writes-song-about-eddie-murphy.html "Mel B writes song about Eddie Murphy"]. Digital Spy website/Music/News.</ref>
*[[Kim Kardashian]] and [[NBA]] player [[Kris Humphries]] got divorced after 72 days.<ref>Derakhshani, Tirdad (November 1, 2011). [http://articles.philly.com/2011-11-01/news/30346165_1_kris-humphries-kim-and-kris-kim-kardashian#ixzz1cVCWcXKK "Sideshow: Smash go Kim and Kris"]. Philly.com [''The Philadelphia Inquirer''].</ref>
*Producer [[Robert Evans]] has been divorced seven times.<ref>Acoymo, Mary Margaret (June 20, 2006). [http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,1205936,00.html "Divorce no. 7 for producer Robert Evans"]. People Magazine website.</ref>
*Actor [[Gary Oldman]] had been married four times.<ref>[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/gary-oldman-the-spy-who-came-in-and-brought-the-cold-with-him-2356597.html "Gary Oldman: The spy who came in, and brought the cold with him"] (September 18, 2011). The Independent [U.K.] website.</ref>
*[[Pamela Anderson]] has been divorced three times and her latest marriage lasted for only two months.<ref>Associated Press (February 26, 2008). [https://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2008-02-26-pamela-anderson_N.htm "Anderson seeks annulment of marriage to Salomon"]. USA Today website.</ref>
*[[Gregg Allman]], founding member of The Allman Brothers band, had been married six times and became engaged once again. He released a new memoir with a Christian title, ''My Cross to Bear''.<ref>[https://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2150083/Gregg-Allman-engaged-girlfriend-Shannon-Allman-Brothers-singer-64-marry-blonde-24.html "Meet bride no. 7: Gregg Allman, 64, set to marry again to a 24-year-old blonde"] (May 25, 2012). Daily Mail [U.K.] website.</ref> He died due to complications from liver cancer, brought on by a life of excess and exposure to hepatitis C, on May 27, 2017.
*[[Donald Trump]], who was a liberal celebrity before going into politics and becoming conservative, has been married three times and divorced twice, at least his first marriage ended because of his infidelity with who would become his second wife.

== Offensive Behavior/Moral depravity ==
[[File:Harvey-weinstein-Hillary-clinton-dinner-with-after-election-loss (2).jpg|right|200px|thumb|'''Hillary Clinton dines with Democrat mega donor Harvey Weinstein after the 2016 election, December 13, 2016.''' Weinstein, a charter founder of the Clinton Legal Defense Fund organized to defend President Clinton from sexual harassment and assault charges, has been accused of [[rape]] by 97 women.<ref>https://www.businessinsider.com/list-of-women-who-have-accused-harvey-weinstein-of-sexual-harassment-or-assault-2017-10</ref>]]

* [[Alec Baldwin]], then-star of ''[[30 Rock]]'', made an obscene phone call in 2007 to his young daughter, Ireland, calling her, among other things, "a thoughtless little pig".
* [[James Dean]] displayed an unhealthy interest in a 12-year-old boy.
* [[Charlie Sheen]] to wife Brooke Mueller: "I'll kill you." <ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2010/08/09/charlie-sheen-wife-brook-mueller-ill-kill-you/?test=latestnews "Charlie Sheen to wife Brooke Mueller: I'll kill you"] (August 9, 2010). Fox News website/Fox 411/TV.</ref> Sheen was arrested on Christmas Day, 2009 for domestic abuse of his current wife Brooke. He was booked for second-degree assault, menacing, and criminal mischief.<ref>Associated Press (December 25, 2009). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2009/12/25/actor-charlie-sheen-arrested-domestic-violence-charges/?test=faces "Actor Charlie Sheen released from jail after domestic abuse arrest"]. Fox News/Fox411/Movies.</ref> Sheen has a history that includes assaults against girlfriends and his former wife. He is also infamous for drug/alcohol abuse, having tried (and failed) numerous attempts in rehab clinics. He was fired from the sitcom ''Two and A Half Men'' where, in true Hollywood hypocrisy, he played an "amusingly" alcohol-abusing ladies' man, except his lifestyle proves consequence-free in storyline—at least from bad results. Sheen has become dangerously unhinged in recent times and has been making increasingly bizarre rants online. No one from Hollywood has yet to step in.
* Trashing hotel rooms is a favorite form of offensive behavior by Hollywood types, as well as by rock musicians (some of the most notable ones being British, such as [[the Who]], [[the Rolling Stones]], [[Billy Idol]] and [[Amy Winehouse]]) as an expression of their rebellion against society's rules. Many examples are readily available on the internet.<ref>See, e.g., Spitz, Marc (January 3, 2008). [http://www.budgettravel.com/feature/0712_TrashedHotelRooms,6047/ "10 celebrity-trashed hotel rooms"]. BudgetTravel website.</ref>
*[[Mel Gibson]], who had started drinking again, was arrested in 2006 after being stopped for driving at 84 mph in a 45 mph zone on a notoriously dangerous road in Malibu, California.<ref>Associated Press (July 31, 2006). [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/14080210/ "Mel Gibson apologizes after DUI arrest"]. Today Show website [NBC].</ref> A breathalyzer test confirmed he was drunk and next to him was an open bottle of Tequila; after being arrested he hurled anti-Semitic abuse at the Jewish police officer who stopped him.<ref>Harlow, John (July 30, 2006). [http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/news/world_news/article192329.ece "Mel Gibson rants against Jews in a drunk-driving arrest"]. The Sunday Times website. Fee required for full article.</ref>
*The parents of [[Miley Cyrus]], just 15 years old at the time, allowed noted photographer [[Annie Liebowitz]] to pose the starlet without a shirt or bra (nominally [https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/topless "topless"]) and with just a sheet covering her front for ''Vanity Fair'' magazine.<ref>Multiple references:
*Barnes, Brooks (April 28, 2008). [https://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/28/business/media/28hannah.html?_r=1&oref=slogin "Revealing photo threatens a major Disney franchise"]. New York Times website (p. C1).
*Silverman, Stephen M. (April 27, 2008). [http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20195785,00.html "Miley Cyrus: I'm sorry for photos"]. ''People'' magazine website.
*[http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/entertainment/miley-cyrus-topless-controversy/story-e6frewyr-1111116182874 "Miley Cyrus topless controversy"] (April 28, 2008). The Daily Telegraph [Australia] website.</ref> "I took part in a photoshoot that was supposed to be 'artistic' and now, seeing the photographs and reading the story, I feel so embarrassed," Cyrus said Sunday in a statement through her publicist. "I never intended for any of this to happen and I apologize to my fans who I care so deeply about." <ref name=mc>Associated Press (April 28, 2008). [https://web.archive.org/web/20080526151928/http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5gYLnT2kyPIgNUurQ71aNM3EJKpRAD90ARTGO0 "Miley Cyrus says ''Vanity Fair'' photo spread embarrasses her"]. ap.google.com website. Retrieved from May 26, 2008 archive at Internet Archive.</ref> "[A] situation was created to deliberately manipulate a 15-year-old in order to sell magazines," a [[Disney Channel]] statement said.<ref name=mc/> In hindsight, this controversy now appears tame in comparison to what Miley has done since entering adulthood as she has become increasingly rebellious and bizarre in her public behavior in support of her favorite liberal causes, such as abortion.
*Many Hollywood stars who have purposely sought fame have then turned violent upon photographers and fans. Sean Penn is notorious for lashing out at photographers.
*The parents of 16-year old Jamie Lynn Spears allowing her unwed pregnancy to be publicly portrayed as a normal act even though she is a role model for millions of underage teenagers. Gloucester, Massachusetts mayor, Carolyn Kirk, recently blamed the glamorizing of teen pregnancy by Jamie Lynn Spears for the 17 high school teenagers that got pregnant at the same time that Spears did.<ref>Levenson, Michael (June 23, 2008). [https://archive.is/oZBX5 "Gloucester mayor rebuts report of teen pregnancy pact"]. Boston Globe website/News/Local. Retrieved from June 28, 2013 archive at archive.is website.</ref>
*[[Ellen DeGeneres]] proudly displays her [[lesbianism]] for all to see. On August 16, 2008, DeGeneres "married" Portia de Rossi in a small ceremony in Beverly Hills. ''Fox News'' called it "the biggest celebrity union since California legalized same-sex marriage." <ref>FoxNews.com and Associated Press (August 18, 2008). [https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,405085,00.html "Ellen DeGeneres and Portia de Rossi marry"]. FoxNews website.</ref> Now, her fans and millions of young girls can read about her same-sex "marriage" in magazines such as ''People'' and ''Us'' Magazine and hear about it on celebrity news television shows.
*Rapper [[Kanye West]] and his bodyguard attacked the paparazzi at [[LAX]] airport and allegedly smashed a $10,000 camera on the floor. The pair were arrested for felony vandalism.<ref>Associated Press (September 12, 2008). [https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,420869,00.html "Kanye West arrested in altercation with paparazzi"]. FoxNews website.</ref>
*Celebrity of the moment [[Kourtney Kardashian]] gave a risqué lingerie shoot while pregnant with her boyfriend's child. After birth, Mom and baby adorned magazine covers, highlighting the modern acceptance of single motherhood. The cover reads ''"Baby Mason will bring our family together,"'' obscuring the traditional meaning of family.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/slideshow/entertainment/2009/10/16/kardashian-sisters/#slide=2 "The Kardashian sisters celebrate Kourtney's 31st!"] (October 16, 2009). Fox News website/Entertainment.</ref>
*Actor [[Jude Law]] had a sexual relationship with model Samantha Burke that produced a daughter. It is reported that Law finally went to visit his daughter for the first time, 5 months after she was born.<ref>[http://www.celebrity-gossip.net/celebrities/hollywood/jude-law-makes-first-visit-to-love-child-216056/ "Jude Law makes first visit to love child"] (March 1, 2010). Celebrity-Gossip.net website.</ref>
*Actor [[Tom Hanks]] called Mormons "un-American" for their support of the anti-same-sex "marriage" [[Proposition 8]] in California and was subsequently forced to apologize for that statement.<ref>Fox News (January 23, 2009). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2009/01/23/tom-hanks-apologizes-calling-mormon-supporters-proposition-american/ "Tom Hanks apologizes for calling Mormon supporters of Proposition 8 'Un-American'"]. Fox News website/Fox411/Celebrity News.</ref>
*[[Woody Allen]] seduced and took pornographic photographs of the youthful daughter of his then-girlfriend [[Mia Farrow]].
*Director [[John Waters]] claims that his biggest influence for his "films" are pornographic movies. In addition, he is openly homosexual and thinks he's "okay".
*[[John Cusack]] calls for a Satanic death cult to descend on ''Fox News'', Dick Armey, Newt Gingrich and GOP welfare freaks.<ref>Piazza, Jo (August 31, 2012). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2010/08/31/actor-john-cusack-calls-satanic-death-fox-news-gop-leaders/?test=faces "John Cusack calls for 'Satanic death' of Fox News, GOP leaders"]. Fox News website/Fox411/Celebrity news.</ref>
*[[Brad Pitt]], appearing in a Spike Lee film announces his desire to see BP executives get the death penalty.<ref>Gavin, Patrick (August 23, 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20121113001023/https://www.politico.com/click/stories/1008/pitt_death_penalty_for_bp.html "Brad Pitt: Death penalty for BP"]. Politico website. Retrieved from November 13, 2012 archive at Internet Archive.</ref> Pitt also admitted to having a history of drug use, and while he claims it belongs in his past, Quentin Tarantino has said otherwise.<ref>[https://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-1207391/Brad-Pitt-offered-drugs-reveals-Quentin-Tarantino-actor-claims-quit-cannabis-years-ago.html "'Brad Pitt offered me drugs,' reveals Quentin Tarantino after actor claims he quit cannabis years ago"] (August 18, 2009). Daily Mail [U.K.] website/U.S. Showbiz.</ref>
*[[Tracy Morgan]] made lewd comments about [[Sarah Palin]].<ref>Gerstein, Julie (January 27, 2011). [http://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2011/01/tnt_apologizes_for_tracy_morga.html "TNT apologizes for Tracy Morgan’s Sarah Palin comment"]. Vulture website.</ref>
*[[Keith Richards]], guitarist of the Rolling Stones, has said that he snorted his father's ashes.<ref>[http://www.today.com/id/17933669/ns/today-entertainment/t/keith-richards-says-he-snorted-fathers-ashes/#.Vhe7vvlVhBd "Keith Richards says he snorted father's ashes"] (April 4, 2007). Today Show website/Celebrities.</ref>
*During one of his performances, [[Michael Richards]] lashed out at a heckler in the audience with racial slurs.<ref>[http://www.cbc.ca/news/arts/tv/story/2006/11/20/kramer-racial-slurs.html "Richards 'deeply, deeply sorry' for racial slurs"] (November 20, 2006). CBC News website/Arts & entertainment.</ref>
*Larry Wachowski, one of the directors of ''[[The Matrix]]'', previously dressed in drag before receiving a sex change and now goes by "Lana" Wachowski. His brother, Andy Wachowski, would later undergo a sex change himself and go by the name "Lilly" Wachowski.<ref>https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/people/2016/03/09/matrix-director-wachowski-comes-out-as-transgender/81520588/</ref>
*International filmmaker, Federico Fellini did [[LSD]] as a source of inspiration.
*Trey Parker and Matt Stone, creators of ''[[South Park]]'', attended the 2000 Academy Award Ceremony while dressed in drag; later on, they admitted to taking drugs prior to doing so.<ref>Evon, Dan (September 30, 2011). [http://www.inquisitr.com/146670/trey-parker-and-matt-stone-say-acid-trip-was-behind-drag-appearance-at-2000-oscars/ "Trey Parker and Matt Stone say acid trip was behind drag appearance at 2000 Oscars"]. The Inquisitr website/Entertainment/Celebrity news.</ref>
*Scout Willis, daughter of [[Bruce Willis]] and [[Demi Moore]], appeared topless in public venues as a protest against the website Instagram.<ref>Distant, Daniel (May 30, 2014). [http://www.christianpost.com/news/scout-willis-goes-topless-in-nyc-to-protest-instagrams-nudity-policy-video-120623/ "Scout Willis goes topless in NYC to protest Instagram's nudity policy"]. Christian Post website/CP entertainment.</ref>
*Former MTV star Tila Tequila has praised Adolf Hitler and made anti-Semitic remarks.<ref>Hepburn, Ned (December 9, 2013). [http://www.esquire.com/entertainment/news/a26453/tila-tequila-neo-nazi/ "Wait, hold on: Tila Tequila is a neo-Nazi now?"] Esquire website/Entertainment.</ref>
*Ed Asner, when interviewed by the Sean Hannity show over his role in the California Federation of Teachers propaganda film ''Tax the Rich: An Animated Fairy Tale'', asked the interviewer "do you have any money?" and then "Can I p*** on you?", in reference to a scene from the film where a corpulent rich man proceeded, in a crude demonstration of the trickle-down effect, proceeded to urinate on the protesting public.
*Will Smith commented in 2016 that America "needs to be cleansed of all Trump supporters."
*Melissa Benoist, who played Kara Danvers/Kara Zor-El on ''[[Supergirl (TV series)|Supergirl]]'', carried a sign during the [[Women's March]] saying "Hey Donald, Don't Try To Grab My Pussy–It's Made Of Steel" and later posting it on her Twitter page.<ref>http://ew.com/tv/2017/01/21/womens-march-melissa-benoist-donald-trump/</ref>

=== Hollywood actor Dan Aykroyd on bestiality ===
''See also:'' [[Liberalism and bestiality]]

{{cquote| "I draw the line at bestiality because it’s unfair to the dog or the cat. ''' If the dog or the cat had consciousness, then that’d be OK with me.''' Sexuality has nothing to do with morality."<ref>Westen, John-Henry (September 16, 2008). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/archive/ldn/2008/sep/08091610 "In new book actor Dan Aykroyd says he would support bestiality if animals were sentient, bashes Catho"]. LifeSite website/News.</ref>}}

== Hollywood "humor" ==
Another manifestation of Hollywood's offensiveness and moral depravity is found in many of its "comedy" movies and television programs. More so than any other entertainment industry, many Hollywood productions rely on lowbrow, juvenile humor. Unlike more intelligent comedies of the early to mid-20th century (such as ''The Great Dictator'' or ''Arsenic and Old Lace''), many contemporary Hollywood comedies eschew intelligence, social commentary, wit or satire in favor of lower-hanging fruit, such as "toilet humor," nudity/sex, profanity, gratuitous violence and shock value. Examples of such films include:

*''American Pie'' — a long-running film franchise primarily dealing with teenage sex and alcohol; it relies on jokes about sex and bodily functions.
*''[[Jackass]]'' — These films are essentially montages of ridiculous stunts and pranks with no coherent stories.
*''[[Beavis and Butthead]]'' 1990s MTV series and its 1996 [[movie]] adaptation, "Beavis and Butthead Do America", make fun of injuries and their related suffering and, in the movie version, "moon" (expose their buttocks to) nuns.
* Mel Brooks' ''History of The World Part I'' (1981) makes fun of, among other things, the Dawn of Man by showing cavemen breaking their own feet to make "music" from the resulting screams and creating the first same-sex "marriage", the [[Old Testament]]'s [[Moses]] bringing the [[Ten Commandments]] to the Israelites by literally breaking the extra five, many sex jokes and a mockery of the [[Last Supper]] in its [[Roman Empire]] segment, mockery of the sufferings of [[Jews]] in its [[Spanish Inquisition]] segment and shows France's [[Louis XVI|King Louis XVI]] (played by Brooks) in its [[French Revolution]] segment using real humans as skeet targets for his target practice games, while hypocritically saying, "I detest violence".
* TV sitcoms ''[[All in the Family]]'' and its first spinoff, ''Maude'', included controversial subjects in an often depressing way. ''Maude'' for example, had its title character getting an [[abortion]] in its first year. Later sitcoms ''Married With Children'', ''Roseanne'', ''[[The Simpsons]]'' (latter is still running since its December 1989 pilot debut), ''[[South Park]]'', ''[[Family Guy]]'' and ''According to Jim'' are also full of such humor.
* ''[[Hogan's Heroes]]'' may be seen by some as offensive humor due to its unreal depiction of [[Nazi]] POW camps during [[World War II]]. However, Werner Klemperer (who played Colonel Klink) was born in Germany to a Jewish father; his family was able to emigrate to the United States before World War II started, and he refused to accept the role unless Klink was portrayed as an unsuccessful fool.
* ''[[South Park]]'' — uses constant iterations of urine, feces, farting and shock humor, such as jokes about [[abortion]], [[rape]] and the [[Holocaust]].
*''There's Something About Mary'' — contains gratuitous sex and jokes about bodily functions.
*''[[Family Guy]]'' — notorious for its shock tactics, this show routinely employs willful tastelessness for "comedic" shock value. Examples include one regular character who is a homosexual [[ephebophilia|ephebophile]], a pet dog who drinks as well as constant Hitler jokes.
*''Cheech and Chong'' films star the original "pot pair".
*''Harold and Kumar'' films - the adventures of an Asian pot-smoking duo that play up ethnic stereotypes, ''à la'' Cheech & Chong.
*''[[Dogma]]'' — a movie that makes fun of the Bible and religion.
* Lowbrow comedy film series' like ''Porky's'', ''Vacation'' ([[Chevy Chase]], Beverly D'Angelo), ''Police Academy'', ''Bachelor Party'' and ''Revenge of The Nerds'' pics are full of all of the above.
* ''Heathers''<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0097493/ "Heathers"] (2015 or bef.) Internet Movie Data Base website.</ref> — a pathetically grim 1989 teen comedy featuring [[public school]] high schoolers killing other students and making their deaths look like suicides.
*''Delgo'' Relatively tame, with some humor aimed at bodily functions.

== Rehabilitation clinics ==

''See also:'' [[Atheism and drug addiction]]

Hollywood values often result in [[Celebrity|celebrities]] going into rehabilitation clinics. Here are some examples:
*[[Anthony Michael Hall]], of teen "humor" pics ''[[Sixteen Candles]]'' and ''[[The Breakfast Club]]'' where he was a real life [[teenager]], was in rehab for [[alcoholism]].
*[[Kirsten Dunst]] checked into the [[Cirque Lodge]] treatment facility in [[Utah]] after a week of hard partying at the [[Sundance Film Festival]], according to a source at the lodge, although the lodge's director of operations denies this.<ref name = "foxkirsten">[https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,329545,00.html "Reports say Kirsten Dunst in rehab; Rep for facility denies it"] (February 8, 2008). Fox News website. See [[Fox News]].</ref>

The following all checked into the above facility seeking treatment for various psychological problems:

*[[Lindsay Lohan]]<ref name = "foxkirsten"/>
*[[Eva Mendes]]<ref name = "foxkirsten"/>
*[[Mary-Kate Olsen]]<ref name = "foxkirsten"/>
*[[Robert Downey Jr.]]
*[[Courtney Love]]

*[[Heather Locklear]]<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/story/2008/06/24/heather-locklear-checks-into-psychological-treatment-facility-rep-tells.html "Heather Locklear checks into psychological treatment facility rep tells magazine"] (June 24, 2008). Fox News website. "A spokeswoman for the 47-year-old star said: 'Heather has been dealing with anxiety and depression.'" She "checked into a clinic in [[Arizona]] that treats depression."</ref>

*[[David Arquette]], enters rehab for treatment of alcohol abuse and depression.<ref>[http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/gossip/2011/01/david-arquette-rehab-alcohol-courteney-cox-arquette.html "David Arquette enters rehab; Courteney Cox supportive"] (January 3, 2011). ''Los Angeles Times'' website/Ministry of Gossip.</ref>

*[[David Duchovny]], having boosted Hollywood Values through his role in a decadent television series, now finds himself trapped by the depravity that he promoted, and has had to enter rehab for his addiction to unchastity.<ref>Serjeant, Jill (August 29, 2008). [https://www.reuters.com/article/entertainmentNews/idUSN2835847820080829 "David Duchovny's sex disorder likened to alcoholism"]. Reuters website/Life/Entertainment.</ref>

== Hypocrisy ==
[[File:Trump-tweet-hollywood-and-hunt-movie (1).jpg|right|359px]]
Hollywood personalities often propose legislation such as outlawing private gun ownership, or speak out against things such as anti-gun laws, but have at the same time acted in movies contrary to their own public opinions:

* [[George Clooney]] on hearing that fellow actor and gun-rights advocate, [[Charlton Heston]], suffers from Alzheimer's disease, said: ''"I don't care. Charlton Heston is the head of the [[National Rifle Association]]. He deserves whatever anyone says about him."''<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080105122441/http://www.funnyreign.com/quotes-georgeclooney.shtml "George Clooney quotes"] (2005 or bef.) FunnyReign.com website. Retrieved from January 5, 2008 archive at Internet Archive.</ref> Clooney starred in the film ''The Peacemaker'', in which he played an American military man defending the country from a nuclear attack; scenes in the film showed him using a gun to defend himself and others.

* [[Mark Wahlberg]] upon meeting Charlton Heston on the set of 2001's remake of ''Planet of the Apes'', Wahlberg rudely told Heston, "It was very disturbing meeting you." Later, Wahlberg would have this to say at the MTV Movie Awards: ''"I believe Charlton Heston is America's best villain because he loves guns so much. Maybe he should get the award for being president of the National Rifle Association."''<ref>Codrea, David (2001). [https://web.archive.org/web/20140702162328/http://www.keepandbeararms.com/information/XcIBViewItem.asp?ID=2360 "Planet of the ape"]. Keep and Bear Arms website. Retrieved from July 2, 2014 archive at Internet Archive.</ref> Wahlberg's character in ''Planet of the Apes'' uses a gun to defend himself and other humans from the apes who would rule over them.

* [[Helen Mirren]] played Queen Elizabeth II in 2006's movie ''The Queen'', but [https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,414361,00.html admits she used to use cocaine] as a result of her poor life choices as a younger woman.

* The [[Toyota Prius]]: Many celebrities will often be seen driving a Prius when in the public eye but drive a supercar such as a [[Porsche]] or [[Ferrari]] when they believe people are not watching.

==Using appearances to promote their liberal political views==
*Rapper Kanye West infamously went way off-script during a live benefit concert for victims of Hurricane Katrina, criticizing the media's treatment of images of black and white people and saying President [[George W. Bush]] "doesn't care about black people."<ref>De Moraes, Lisa (September 3, 2005). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/09/03/AR2005090300165.html "Kanye West's torrent of criticism, live on NBC"]. ''The Washington Post'' website/Arts & Living/The TV column.</ref>
*During the live broadcast of the 2007 Emmy Awards, actress Sally Field went on a sputtering anti-war rant, eventually concluding by saying, "If the mothers ruled the world, there would be no g**d*** war in the first place." She received thunderous applause from the Hollywood audience for her vulgar remark.<ref>Associated Press (September 17, 2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20080628002015/https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/wireStory?id=3610891 "Sally Field's Emmy speech sets off censors"]. ABC News website/Entertainment. Retrieved from June 28, 2008 archive at Internet Archive.</ref>
*[[Michael Moore]] surprised no one by criticizing President Bush during his 2003 Oscar acceptance speech for ''Bowling for Columbine,'' saying, "We live in the time where we have fictitious election results that elect a fictitious president. We live in a time where we have a man who's sending us to war for fictitious reasons, whether it's the fiction of duct tape or the fiction of orange alerts. We are against this war, Mr. Bush. Shame on you, Mr. Bush. Shame on you."<ref>Breznican, Anthony (March 23, 2003). [http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/features/20030323-2028-oscars-moore.html "Michael Moore criticizes U.S. war in Iraq during Oscar acceptance speech"]. Associated Press. Reprinted at SignOnSanDiego.com.</ref>
*Actress Jessica Lange verbally attacked President Bush and the Iraq War during a 2008 commencement speech at Sarah Lawrence College in Yonkers, New York, stating, "We are living in an America that, in the last seven and a half years, has waged an unnecessary war, established prison camps, condoned torture, employed corporate armies, eliminated the right of habeas corpus, practiced extraordinary rendition, and believe me, this is only a partial list."<ref>Associated Press (May 24, 2008). [https://web.archive.org/web/20080530204101/http://cbs5.com/politics/Jessica.Lange.President.2.732264.html "Jessica Lange bashes Bush, Iraq War"]. KPIX CBS Channel 5 [California] website. Retrieved from May 30, 2008 archive at Internet Archive.</ref>
*Actress Megan Fox was recently quoted by MSN in a piece entitled "The wit and wisdom of Megan Fox" discussing her new movie ''Transformers 2''. She said "why not just take out all of the white trash, hillbilly, anti-gay, super Bible-beating people in Middle America?"<ref>Friedeman, Elijah (2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20090613032615/https://www.onenewsnow.com/Blog/Default.aspx?id=559876 "Megan Fox would barter using ‘Bible-beating white trash’"]. OneNewsNow.com website. Retrieved from June 13, 2009 archive at Internet Archive.</ref>

==Vanity and [[Idolatry]]==
[[Hollywood]] places a value on appearance and it is driven into the minds of those who they seek profits and adulation from. There is such a need to be rich and famous that anything goes. It may be glamorizing to reveal skin <ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/slideshow/entertainment/2009/07/15/lovely-talented-khloe-kardashian?test=faces "Khloe Kardashian: 2010's classiest celebrity: The youngest of the Kardashian gals decided flashing photographers was the best way to get some attention"] (April 1, 2010). Fox News website/Entertainment.</ref> or shamelessly being sex symbols to audiences. Pat-your-back awards ceremonies whereby we breathlessly await the ''stars'' to arrive. Naturally, scandals make big headlines and these people are no stranger to controversy for [[money]]. These fake gods have captured the hearts of millions upon millions who follow their every move. Negative stereotypes poison the minds of their followers. Women feel less worthy due to the overwhelming influence touching every part of society. [[Pennsylvania State University|Penn State's]] Media Research found the following regarding women's magazines, "Past research indicates that exposure to thin models results in lower [[self-esteem]] and decreased weight satisfaction, and to increased depression, guilt, shame, [[stress]], insecurity and body dissatisfaction." <ref>Campbell, Erin M. (Jan. 2002 or bef.) [http://comm.psu.edu/medialab/research-article/construction-of-beauty-as-a-measure-of-self-worth-among-college-females "Construction of beauty as a measure of self-worth among college females: the role of fashion magazines"]. Penn State College of Communications website/Media effects research lab.</ref>

[[File:Celebrity.jpg|right|250px]]

==Award Shows==
Fans of Hollywood are served copious amounts of vanity and glamour as celebrities are greeted on the red-carpet attending award events. Paparazzi snap pictures and the stars are rated for their appearance in various tabloids and entertainment television. Once the celebrities have arrived at the awards, television cameras capture for the masses acceptance speeches of their beloved stars. Once limited to a couple of banquets such as the [[Emmy Award|Emmys]] or [[Golden Globe]]s, now some two-dozen award shows are vying for exposure. These new award shows offer glimpses into ego and moral depravity of Hollywood. It's not uncommon for the stars to act cool by cussing to the audience during acceptance speeches. These awards shows have become tawdry events that are marketed mostly to teens.

*Madonna engages in a lustful lesbian kiss on stage to [[Britney Spears]] at the 2003 MTV Music Video Awards.<ref>Lamb, Bill (2007). [http://top40.about.com/od/britneyspears/ig/Britney-Spears-Photo-Biography/Britney-Spears-Kissing-Madonna.htm "Britney Spears and Madonna kiss: 2003 MTV Video Music Awards"]. About.com website/About entertainment/Top 40 & pop music/Pop music pictures and videos/Pop music photo galleries/Britney Spears.</ref>
*A notoriously self-serving [[Kanye West]] jumped onstage at the [[MTV Video Awards]] to interrupt an acceptance speech by [[Taylor Swift]].<ref>Trunzo, Jenna (September 14, 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20091221062109/http://www.examiner.com/x-15972-Raleigh-Pop-Culture-Examiner~y2009m9d14-MTV-Video-Music-Awards-inspire-annual-controversy "MTV Video Music Awards inspire annual controversy"]. Examiner.com/Washington D. C./Arts and entertainment/Raleigh pop culture examiner. Retrieved from December 21, 2009 archive at Internet Archive.</ref>
*[[Mariah Carey]] attended the Palm Springs International Film Festival. Her acceptance speech was made while completely drunk.<ref>TJ (January 6, 2010). [http://neonlimelight.com/2010/01/06/video-mariah-carey-accepts-film-festival-award-drunk/ "Video: Mariah Carey accepts film festival award drunk"]. Neon Limelight website.</ref>
*[[Miley Cyrus]] performed at the Teen Choice Awards in August 2009. The 16-year old was dancing around on a stripper pole.<ref>Vena, Jocelyn (August 20, 2009). [http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1619183/20090820/cyrus__miley.jhtml "Billy Ray Cyrus defends Miley's Teen Choice pole dance"]. MTV website/News.</ref> In August 2013, the now 20-year-old Miley again stunned audiences with her disturbing performance at the VMA awards show <ref>Mallenbaum, Carly (August 27, 2013). [https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/people/2013/08/26/miley-cyrus-vmas-twitter/2699021/ "Miley's VMA performance shocks celebs"]. ''USA Today'' website/Life/People.</ref> that incorporated drug references, an inappropriate costume and sexual gestures. The 2013 performance was widely criticized by the general public as well as other celebrities.
*Actor [[Jack Black]] opened the 2009 MTV Video Awards by leading everyone in a prayer to [[Satan]].<ref>Jones, Russ (September 14, 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100128181427/http://www.christianpress.com/content/entertainment/11-lifestyle/360-jack-black-leads-a-prayer-to-the-devil-at-the-2009-mtv-awards "Jack Black leads a prayer to the Devil at the 2009 MTV Awards"]. Christian Press website. Retrieved from January 28, 2010 archive at Internet Archive.</ref>
*Adam Lambert's [[American Music Awards]] performance received over 1500 complaints about flipping off the audience, kissing a male keyboard player, and fondling several of his backup dancers.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120119230620/http://www.ecanadanow.com/entertainment/2009/11/28/did-you-find-adam-lamberts-american-music-awards-performance-offensive/comment-page-1/ "Did you find Adam Lambert’s American Music Awards performance offensive?"] (November 28, 2009). eC🍁nadaNow website. Retrieved from January 19, 2012 archive at Internet Archive.</ref>
*Nominees for the 13th annual 2011 [[Teen Choice Awards]] include a lesbian kiss, a masturbating dog, a pothead middle school teacher. ''"Teens will vote for their favorites, ranging from artists with hits about S&M, to sex and drug-filled R-rated comedies, to favorite “break up” songs—one nominated song features the “f” word 16 times."'' <ref>Brown, Erin R. (August 5, 2011). [http://m.newsbusters.org/blogs/erin-r-brown/2011/08/05/producers-pick-lesbian-kiss-r-rated-movies-teen-choice-award-nominees "Producers pick lesbian kiss, R-rated movies as Teen Choice Award nominees"]. mrcNewsBusters website.</ref>
*Nicki Minaj performed an "ode to Satanism" in 2012 at the Grammy Awards show<ref>Multiple references:
*Charles, Marissa and Mendoza, Nadia (February 13, 2012). [https://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2100258/Grammys-2012-Nicki-Minaj-morphs-possessed-alter-ego-Roman-levitates-live-exorcism.html "Nicki Minaj gets high at the Grammys! Star morphs into possessed alter-ego Roman, as she levitates during live 'exorcism'"]. DailyMail [U.K.] website/U.S. Showbiz.
*Grider, Geoffrey (February 13, 2012). [http://www.nowtheendbegins.com/blog/?p=8639 "Nicki Minaj performs satanic ritual #2 to top Madonna's satanic Superbowl show"]. Now the End Begins website.</ref>
*At the 2019 [[Golden Globes]], Christian Bale thanked Satan for inspiring his performance as former Vice President and American hero [[Dick Cheney]] and went on to ridicule [[Mitch McConnell]], calling him reviled by everyone and a "charisma free a*****e".

==Preying on Underage Stars==

Very many child actors and actresses have gone on to have damaged and tragically short lives as a result of early exposure to Hollywood Values.

Debbie Gibson reflects on her life as a sixteen-year-old teenage Popstar and her exposure to the very sinister side of show business. “It is very disheartening that there are so many older men that prey on young performers.” What is even more disturbing than dirty male fans would be older male record executives trying to take her to adult parties and corrupt her with alcohol. Even the way the paparazzi stalk the younger artists is very different from following around adults.<ref>McKay, Hollie (July 17, 2009). [https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,533542,00.html?test=faces "Debbie Gibson speaks out about pedophile fans wanting to 'corrupt little girls'"]. Fox News website.</ref>

Former child actor Corey Feldman tells ABC that a big group of Hollywood executives are responsible for pedophilia and rape of underage stars.<ref>Price, Andrew (August 16, 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20111106062955/http://bighollywood.breitbart.com/aprice/2011/08/16/child-molestation-allegations-against-hollywood-must-be-investigated/ "Child molestation allegations against Hollywood must be investigated"]. Breitbart/Big Hollywood. Retrieved from November 6, 2011 archive at Internet Archive.</ref> Feldman blames the death of troubled teen actor Corey Haim on Haim's Hollywood agent who molested him at age 14.<ref>[https://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2025357/Paedophilia-Hollywoods-biggest-problem-alleges-child-star-Corey-Feldman.html "'Paedophilia is Hollywood's biggest problem,' explosive claim by former child star Corey Feldman"] (August 12, 2011). DailyMail.com [U. K.]/U.S. Showbiz.</ref>

The father of teen idol Miley Cyrus said Disney destroyed their family.<ref>NewsCore (February 15, 2011). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2011/02/15/billy-ray-cyrus-scared-daughter-miley-says-hannah-montana-destroyed-family/#?test=faces "Billy Ray Cyrus scared for daughter Miley, says Hannah Montana 'destroyed my family'"]. Fox News website/Fox411/TV.</ref> Billy Ray Cyrus accuses Miley's 'handlers' (Disney Executives) of going too far to promote her and when she got bad press they made her father the scapegoat.

=== Reality show participants ===
[[MTV]] is notorious for filming underage participants in reality shows. The pressure of instant fame with people in trying circumstances to begin with, the off-camera news starts to creep more into the media. Arrests, suicide attempts, drugs and rehab are just some of the issues involving reality stars personal lives. Legal contracts with the network spell out MTV's rights to exploit their situations on the show. Psychologist Dr. Jeff Gardere. “In this country, the media rewards bad behavior with more attention, thus more bad behavior is manifested because it is reinforced and rewarded." <ref>Piazza, Jo (June 17, 2011). [https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2011/06/17/is-mtv-repsonsible-when-at-risk-girls-it-exploits-go-off-deep-end/#ixzz1PYwX10oc "Is MTV responsible when at-risk teens it features go off the deep end?"] Fox News website/Fox 411/TV.</ref>

==Productions==
The diseased moral values of the Liberal-dominated entertainment industry are manifested all too clearly in many of the products of that industry—[[motion pictures]], television programs, [[music]], [[magazine]]s and [[novel]]s that offer no edification or instruction to the viewer, but plumb a cesspit of license and depravity. Some recent examples include the television series ''Desperate Housewives'', ''Delgo'', and ''Sex and the City'''s TV series' and movies.

==Religion==
A short study of the ten most successful actors <ref>Johnson, Bryan (July 15, 2009). [http://www.toptenz.net/top-10-most-successful-actors-at-the-box-office.php "Top 10 most successful actors at the box office"]. TopTenz website/Entertainment/Movies & Television/People.</ref> shows that only 50% are Christian (compared to 76% for the general population), with 30% expressing no religious beliefs at all (compared to 15% in the general public). These actors have had successful careers and it is very likely that religious affiliation in regular actors is much lower, exposing or predisposing them to the influence of Hollywood values. [[David Lynch]], for example, is apathetic towards all [[politics]] and [[religions]] and prefers [[transcendental meditation]] instead. Adrian Zmed, 1980s [[teen idol]] who starred alongside [[William Shatner]] in the 1980s police drama, ''T.J. Hooker'', said in an interview in [[People magazine|''People'']] magazine's June 20, 1983 issue that his rigid upbringing by his [[Romania]]n [[Orthodox Church]] arch [[priest]] father caused him to play rebellious juvenile delinquent and greaser roles (ex. "Danny Zucko" in [[Broadway]]'s long-running earlier 1970's started stage musical, ''[[Grease]]'', "Socks Palermo" in television's short-lived 1979 sitcom, "Flatbush" and the head T-Bird "Johnny Nogerelli" in the 1982 sequel [[movie]] ''Grease 2'') as a relief from "having a [[Father]] who is *your* [[father]]", and had also said in the same interview "Preachers kids have a sense of rebellion in them". ''Once Bitten'' (1985 teen [[vampire]] 'comedy') has its "Countess" (Lauren Hutton) lead character saying to her male target's girlfriend that "the [[cross]] won't 'work on me' (keep vampires away) cause I'm an [[atheist]], but having sex will". The following year's (1986) teen romantic drama, ''Fire with Fire'', shows the [[nun]]s at the [[Roman Catholic]] [[convent]] school that the lead actress' teenage character is attending making religion, ex.
[[Christianity]], look bad.

[[Scientology]] is practiced by many Hollywood personalities. [[Tom Cruise]], [[Kirstie Alley]] and [[John Travolta]] are perhaps the most well-known Hollywood Scientologists.

=== Celebrity atheists ===
[[File:Celebrity atheists.jpg|thumbnail|175px|right|[[Stephen Fry]] is an [[atheism|atheist]].<ref>[https://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=7396915n January 30, 2012 CBS Stephen Fry interview with Charlie Rose]</ref> ]]
''See also:'' [[Celebrity atheists]] and [[Attempts to positively rebrand atheism]] and [[Atheism and groupthink]]

The American Media Group wrote about [[celebrity atheists]]:
{{Cquote|Celebrity [[atheism|atheists]] are everywhere and it’s not hard to wonder why. After all, with so much adulation and praise, entertainers have become their own religious figures in a sense. Their celebrity has become something to worship and actors such as [[George Clooney]] and [[Brad Pitt]] are at the forefront. These celebs have chosen to forgo a higher power in exchange for something a little more glamorous.<ref>[https://okmagazine.com/photos/famous-celebrity-atheists/ NO FAITH, NO PROBLEM! THE 21 MOST FAMOUS CELEBRITY ATHEISTS]</ref>}}

Recently, the actor Brad Pitt confessed he was never an atheist and just pretended to be out of rebellion.<ref>[https://www.premier.org.uk/News/World/Brad-Pitt-says-he-s-given-up-on-atheism-and-clings-to-religion Brad Pitt says he's given up on atheism and 'clings to religion']</ref>

The [[Scientology]] cult uses celebrities to recruit followers (see also: [[Atheist cults]]).<ref name="Courting">{{cite news | first=Joel | last=Sappell |author2=Welkos, Robert W. |url=http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-scientology062590b,1,279442.story?coll=la-news-comment| title=The Courting of Celebrities| work=[[Los Angeles Times]] | page=A18:5 | date=June 25, 1990 | accessdate=2006-06-06}}</ref><ref name="Shaw_telegraph">{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/3671262/What-do-Tom-Cruise-and-John-Travolta-know-about-Scientology-that-we-dont.html|title=What do Tom Cruise and John Travolta know about Scientology that we don't?|last=Shaw|first=William|date=February 14, 2008|work=The Daily Telegraph|accessdate=2009-06-25}}</ref> [[Vox Day]] noted that the [[cult of personality]] surrounding [[Richard Dawkins]] is similar to the cult of [[Scientology]] (See: [[Richard Dawkins' cult of personality]]).<ref>[http://voxday.blogspot.com/2014/08/the-cult-of-dicky-dawk.html The Cult of Dicky Dawkins]</ref> See also: [[Atheism and groupthink]]

==Quote==
{{Americans as the good guys}}

==Books==
* ''Hollywood Against America''
* ''Hollywood Babylon'' (1965) by Kenneth Anger (US edition)
* ''Hollywood Babylon II'' (1984) by Kenneth Anger

==See also==
* [[Supermodel]]s
* [[Gallery of American Heroes]]
* [[World Famous Pictures]]
* [[Hollywood Myths]]
* [[Hollywood lies]]
* [[Fashion industry values]]
* [[San Francisco values]]
* [[Liberal values]]
* [[Left-wing war on women]]
* [[Bollywood]] in [[Mumbai]], [[India]]

==External links==
*[http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5ic_Q3agTpruvzoCJ5UxWaAqGJW3A Bush attacks 'Hollywood values'], ''AFP'', Oct 1, 2007
*[http://www.thesmokinggun.com/mugshots/index.html Mug-shots of arrested Hollywood stars]
*[http://www.parentstv.org/ptc/news/articles/2010/mtvmovieawards.asp Parent's Television Council: MTV’s Movie Awards Will Honor Profanity]
*[http://www.renewamerica.com/columns/vernon/100802 From Hollywood: to Hitler with love (Stalin, too)]
*[https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/2010/12/17/dumbest-things-celebs-said/?test=faces Ten Dumbest Things Celebs Said in 2010]
*[https://www.foxnews.com/slideshow/entertainment/2011/01/04/foul-mouthed-celebs/?test=faces#slide=1 Foul Mouthed Celebrities]
*[http://www.irishexaminerusa.com/mt/2011/01/04/pop_culture_killing_classic_tr.html Pop Culture Killing Classic Traditions]
*[https://www.theepochtimes.com/chapter-thirteen-hijacking-the-media_2684140.html Chapter Thirteen: Hijacking the Media], ''The Epoch Times'' (from ''How the Specter of Communism Is Ruling Our World'').

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

{{Liberalism}}
{{Ten Commandments}}
{{communism}}
[[Category:Entertainment]]
[[Category:Liberal Traits]]
[[Category:Social Problems]]
[[Category:Hollywood]]
[[Category:Anti Second Amendment]]
[[Category:California]]
[[Category:Homosexual Agenda]]
[[Category:Los Angeles]]
[[Category:Hollywood Values|!]]
[[Category:Featured articles]]
[[Category:Threats]]

Vladimir Putin

2021-04-17T19:24:33Z

Eaglesteven: corrections

{{Officeholder
|name=Vladimir Putin
|image=Vladimir Putin (2017-07-08).jpg
|party=[[United Russia]]
|offices=|offices={{Officeholder/president
|country=Russia
|number=2th and 4th
|terms=December 31, 1999 – May 7, 2008 (first) May 7, 2012 – (second)
|vp=[[Dmitry Medvedev]]
|preceded=[[Boris Yeltsin]] (First term), Dmitry Medvedev (Second term)
|succeeded
}}
|religion=claimed [[Russian Orthodox]], previously [[Atheist]]
}}
'''Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin''' ([[Russian language|Russian]]: Владимир Владимирович Путин) (born October 7, 1952) is the socially [[conservative]] dictator of the [[Russian Federation]], a position he's held since 2012, after serving as prime minister since May 8, 2008, and previously serving as [[president]] since December 31, 1999<ref>[[Boris Yeltsin]] resigned from the presidency on that day, and Putin was later elected president by 54% of the electorate on March 26, 2000.</ref> Putin has increased Russia's stature in international affairs despite its weak economic position.<ref>Seib, Gerald F. (May 6, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/putin-punches-above-his-weight-11557150000 Putin Punches Above His Weight]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved May 7, 2019.</ref>

A self-described [[Christian]], but by no means an actual Christian, Putin leads the increasingly [[conservative]] Russia against innocent members of the LGBTQ+ community and towards anti-choice side. Liberals criticize Putin and [[Russia]] because they disagree with him on social issues. [[Obama]] even refused to attend the Winter Olympic games held in Russia in 2014. Putin has also criticized liberal values as out of touch with a more traditional population.<ref>Multiple references:
*Isachenkov, Vladimir (June 29, 2019). [https://www.apnews.com/401b6cfd5b9c4a619851196410bc5814 Putin says liberalism ‘eating itself,’ migrant influx wrong]. ''Associated Press''. Retrieved June 29, 2019.
*Calicchio, Dom (June 28, 2019). [https://www.foxnews.com/world/putin-liberal-values-obsolete-people-in-west-prefer-traditional-values Putin: Liberal values ‘obsolete,’ people in West prefer ‘traditional’ values]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved June 29, 2019.
*[https://in.reuters.com/article/russia-putin-europe-values/russias-putin-says-liberal-values-are-obsolete-idINKCN1TS2VB Russia's Putin says liberal values are obsolete - FT]. ''Reuters''. Retrieved June 29, 2019.
*[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-48795764 Putin: Russian president says liberalism 'obsolete']. ''BBC News''. June 28, 2019. Retrieved June 29, 2019.
*[https://www.rferl.org/a/putin-tells-ft-the-liberal-idea-has-become-obsolete-/30026237.html Putin Tells FT: 'The Liberal Idea Has Become Obsolete']. ''Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty''. Retrieved June 29, 2019.</ref>

Putin has many controversial statements on [[Communism]] and has a good attitude towards [[Islam]]. [[Alexander Dugin]] argues:<ref>http://www.aspeninstitute.it/aspenia-online/article/russian-conservative-view-putin-interview-alexander-dugin</ref>
{{Cquote|If we consider the situation in Russia more closely, we will discover that almost all that is said in the West about Putin is wrong. It is a complete caricature. The most important criticism of Putin inside Russia is not from the liberals. Liberals represent the smallest part of the critics. They are absolutely marginal… So the West is absolutely wrong in thinking that there is this big liberal opposition to Putin that is artificially kept down. The real opposition to Putin is growing completely on the other side of Russian society. It is growing discontent with "lunar" Putin, against the Putin who is surrounded by liberals. All the government is completely not only corrupt, it consists of pro-Western liberals. Nothing has changed after the last election.}}

[[Forbes]] ranked Putin as the most powerful man in the world as of December 2016, while Obama was ranked #48. Putin gains popularity every time he challenges the U.S. or Europe, or sends troops into Georgia.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/datablog/2015/jul/23/vladimir-putins-approval-rating-at-record-levels</ref> Putin's Russia is an authoritarian system, with restricted capitalism, a rubber stamp parliament, compliant media, imprisoned or exiled oligarchs, harassed NGOs, marginalized pro-Western democratic parties, and a foreign policy based on bullying and military strength, all based on money from oil and gas.<ref>https://www.forbes.com/sites/melikkaylan/2016/09/20/putin-brings-back-the-kgb-as-russia-moves-from-authoritarian-to-totalitarian/#48e4a416398a</ref><ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-32860526</ref>

In March 2018, Putin unveiled his revamped nuclear missile program, which was interpreted as a challenge to the United States of America and the Western World.<ref>[https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-03-01/putin-calls-for-raising-living-standards-in-annual-address Putin Shows Off New Nuclear Weapons, Warns West to ‘Listen’]</ref>

==Background==
Putin was born in [[Leningrad]] on [[October]] 7, 1952. He was baptized as an Orthodox Christian and continue to be a member to this day. Putin was a [[judo]] champion in his youth.<ref>http://nypost.com/2013/11/13/vladimir-putin-is-tougher-than-chuck-norris/</ref> He was educated in law and economics at Leningrad State University before being assigned to work in the [[KGB]].<ref>[http://en.putin.kremlin.ru/ Webpage of Vladimir Putin]</ref> After five years in [[East Germany]], he took up various political positions before becoming [[prime minister]] in 1999.
[[File:Vladtheimpaler.jpg|thumb|200px|Putin at an conference]]
He was married to Lyudmila Putina, a former stewardess with Aeroflot, from July 28, 1983, until 2014, when the two divorced. They have two daughters.

===Domestic policy===
A [[Christian]] himself, Putin governs a nation that is rapidly becoming more Christian and more [[conservative]], and his snubbing of [[liberal]] [[Obama]] in May 2012 suggests that Putin is well aware of how conservative his country is becoming. On social issues and taxation, Russia under Putin is more conservative today than the [[Western Europe]].

In terms of achievements, Putin has successfully opposed the [[homosexual agenda]] and has supported [[pro-life]] reforms. He has also stabilized the Russian economy and restored Russia's national pride, largely by politically exploiting the financial windfall of Europe's need for Russian oil and gas. Russians were enthusiastic that he ended the social chaos that followed the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 and the subsequent pell-mell privatization of the state-owned economy. Many Russians have been mesmerized by the new glitter of Moscow and the restored glamour of St. Petersburg. Russia's revived self-pride follows the humiliation of the chaos after 1991 and the incompetence of his predecessor [[Boris Yeltsin]]. Russians have a long history of authoritarian governments and a strong diastase for anarchy. They have little experience with freedom. The Russian mafia, which is more sophisticated than its counterparts elsewhere, controls more than 40 percent of the total economy. Their control is thought to be even greater in certain areas, such as banking, real estate, and consumer markets.<ref>[http://www.worldbank.org/html/prddr/trans/janfeb97/art4.htm Louise I. Shelley, ''The Price Tag of Russia's Organized Crime'']</ref> In November 2014, Putin started allowing his citizens to own concealed firearms for self-defense, but under certain restrictions.<ref>https://www.rt.com/news/206703-russia-guns-self-defense/</ref> Russia under Putin made it illegal for foreigners without a permit to preach, and banned cults that are harmful to families (Jehovah's Witnesses and Scientology engage in family shunning while Falun Gong, whose founder lives in a luxurious property, prevents family members from seeking medical treatment).<ref>http://forum18.org/archive.php?article_id=2197s</ref> Not having a permit is why a Baptist pastor got heavily fined.<ref>http://www.christianpost.com/news/russia-persecution-christians-intensifies-putin-cant-be-trusted-experts-warn-184255/</ref> Like many parts of Europe, blasphemy against the church is also illegal.<ref>http://www.aif.ru/society/law/delo_est_a_boga_net_za_chto_na_samom_dele_sudyat_viktora_krasnova?fbclid=IwAR2bypeUccKIaU4-J0V-Ybe4pl0EsUK32g4EaItpB8pdJ_ZQ5SYS37lh7dU</ref><ref>https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/mar/03/russian-atheist-faces-year-in-jail-for-denying-existence-of-god-during-webchat</ref>

In May 2019, Putin signed a bill into law ordering the creation of "a national internet network that would be able to operate independently from the rest of the world."<ref>Gstalter, Morgan (May 2, 2019). [https://thehill.com/policy/international/441751-putin-signs-controversial-internet-law Putin signs controversial internet law]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved May 2, 2019.</ref><ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2019/05/02/putin-signs-sovereign-internet-law-expands-government-control/ Putin Signs ‘Sovereign Internet’ Law, Expands Government Control]</ref> Russia began testing this network.<ref>Bonn, Tess (December 26, 2019). [https://thehill.com/policy/international/russia/475984-russia-successfully-tests-country-wide-alternative-to-global Russia successfully tests country-wide alternative to global internet]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved December 26, 2019.</ref>

===Political career===
[[File:V Putin.jpg|thumb|200px]]
Putin is mainly backed by the [[United Russia]] (''Единая Россия'') party, which currently holds a majority in the lower chamber of the Russian parliament, known as the ''Duma''. As a centrist party, it usually reflects the political views of Putin, which are that of authoritarian statism and [[nationalism]]. On March 14, 2004, he was elected to a second term as president with 71% of the vote. Barred from a third consecutive term by the Russian constitution, Putin ceded the presidency to [[Dmitry Medvedev]] on May 7, 2008, and became Prime Minister, at the time-sharing power with the more moderate Medvedev. Medvedev did not run for a second term, and, as a result, Putin was re-elected in 2012. Putin was again re-elected in 2018, facing little real opposition.

After his 2018 victory, Putin's approval ratings fell significantly due to public disapproval of some of his domestic policies.<ref>Bennetts, Marc (August 12, 2019). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2019/aug/12/vladimir-putin-faces-russia-democracy-movement-dec/ Putin's political milestone marred by plummeting polls, massive protests]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved August 12, 2019.</ref>

==Political views==
===Foreign Policy===
Putin is an active interventionist, which brought Russia back on the world stage since the fall of the [[Soviet Union]], this is one of the most important reasons why [[Cold War]] features takes back, especially with the [[United States]] which is the only world superpower after the end of the Cold War.<ref>http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-12-07/putins-back-on-the-world-stage/4415318</ref> Learning from the mistakes of USSR in the Eastern Bloc, he made clear that taking countries against their right to self-determination is counterproductive and drains resources.<ref>https://youtu.be/DHIxry8WfyA</ref>

====Escalating tensions in the Obama era====
Putin is seen as an antagonist by [[liberal]]s in the West, who are angry about their inability to push the [[homosexual agenda]] and pro-[[abortion]] policies on Russia. Putin views NATO enlargement by absorbing former Soviet client states as a potential threat to the Russian Federation. Putin has proposed a policy of "Findlandization", i.e., making permanently neutral the Ukraine and Georgia and not incorporating them into NATO under the US's Partners for Peace program. Putin's alleged rigged election system, nuclear energy contracts and military alliance with Iran have heightened tensions. According to [[mainstream media]], the decline of [[human rights]] in Russia has been dramatic; for example, Russian riot police beat a number of protesters and journalists at an anti-Putin rally at Pushkin Square in Moscow,<ref>''The Economist'', April 21, 2007</ref> and Putin rigged national elections for his party <ref>https://www.reuters.com/article/homepageCrisis/idUSL03585550._CH_.2400</ref>

Putin has even exercised power over the Russian supreme court. Justice Vladimir Yaroslavtsev was forced to resign after warning that Russian security agencies now control the country as they did in Soviet times and expressing alarm over their lack of accountability. Justice Anatoly Kononov was likewise forced out after defending Yaroslavtsev.<ref>[http://www.robertamsterdam.com/2009/12/are_you_an_independent_russian_judge_youre_fired.htm ''Are You An Independent Russian Judge? You're Fired'', RobertAmsterdam.com]</ref>

Many who have reported or protested such things have found themselves being repressed - or killed.<ref>[https://www.americanthinker.com/2009/12/putins_own_worst_enemy.html Kim Zigfeld, ''Putin's Own Worst Enemy''] American Thinker, December 08, 2009</ref><ref>http://larussophobe.wordpress.com/2009/12/03/editorial-another-russian-journalist-takes-the-putin-plunge</ref> Journalist [[Anna Politkovskaya]], an outspoken critic of Putin, was assassinated in 2006,<ref>http://news.independent.co.uk/europe/article1819666.ece</ref> and it is widely believed that the Russian government had some involvement in this death. There were 13 journalists killed in contract-style slayings during Vladimir Putin's eight-year presidency.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,438381,00.html Russian Lawyer in Slain Journalist Case Says She, Family Poisoned] AP, October 15, 2008</ref>

Despite these negatives – or perhaps because of the strong hand they reveal – Putin remains popular in Russia.<ref>http://www.levada.ru/prezident.html Putin's Approval Ratings</ref> Since coming to power, Putin has expanded Russia's economy and reduced inflation. The majority of Russians are relatively uninterested in politics outside of issues affecting their personal prosperity,<ref>''The Economist'', April 21, 2007</ref> and journalist [[Anna Politkovskaya]] argued that the Russian people, as a whole, have been willing to tolerate violence in the name of "comfort and peace and quiet".<ref>Politkovskaya, Anna. Putin's Russia. London: Harvill Press, 2004</ref>

====Relations with U.S.====
Conservatives such as Sean Hannity have repeately issued warnings that Putin is a thug and a "bad actor" who cannot be trusted.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/transcript/2018/02/16/hannity-examining-key-points-from-russian-indictments.html Hannity: Examining key points from Russian indictments]</ref>

=====Relations under George W. Bush=====
Initially relations between [[George W. Bush]] and Putin were good, with Putin lending passive support to Bush's war on global terror. Putin was restrained from giving much assistance outside the Russian Federation, being pre-occupied with the [[Islamist]] movements waging [[jihad]] inside his own borders.

In Bush's late second term, Putin was concerned about jihadist infiltration from [[Turkey]] and [[Syria]] through the [[Republic of Georgia]], and intervened. Former members of the [[Warsaw Pact]], who were more supportive of the war on terror than even the US population, then asked for deployment of missile defense systems on their territories, which the [[Bush administration]] was inclined to favor as a reward for their help. Russia considered missile defense deployment on their borders overt acts of hostility. Barack Hussein Obama and Hillary Rodham Clinton, in competition to outdo each other, condemned George W. Bush and [[Condoleezza Rice]] by sidling up to the Russians and Islamists whom the [[Democrat]]s portrayed as oppressed victims of a [[globalism|global]] [[neocon]] [[conspiracy]].

===== Relations under Barack Obama =====
[[File:Targeted sanctions.jpg|right|400px|thumb|''Targetted Sanctions'', from a Moscow art exhibition.]]
President [[Barack Obama]] and Secretary of State [[Hillary Clinton]] initially cozied up to Putin, charging the Bush administration was intent on reigniting the [[Cold War]]. However once the [[Rosatom-Uranium One deal]] was completed and the [[Clinton Foundation]] pocketed millions of dollars from Putin cronies in donations and speaking fees, relations began to sour as the Obama administration could no longer ignore geopolitical realities. Putin had protested the Obama administrations illegal drone strikes, and the administration placed [[Magnitsky Act|sanctions on Russian leaders]] ostensibly in retaliation for the Crimean referendum.<ref>https://youtu.be/I-9aD45qxbE</ref>

President Obama's decision to move an anti-missile defense system to [[Romania]] during the [[2016 US Presidential election]] only heightened tensions. Putin, who had repeatedly assailed the antimissile system as a grave danger to Russia's security, called Obama's decision dangerous. This coupled with Obama's implementation of sanctions rather than honor the [[American foreign policy#1994 Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances|1994 Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances]] negotiated by the [[Clinton administration]], displaying it as an empty promise to guarantee Ukrainian independence, only further exposed the befuddlement and inability of the Obama administration to stand by US commitments and the weaknesses of NATO.

In September 2013, Putin gave a speech stating the need to strengthen Russian culture with traditional values and the Orthodox Christian church. Also, he condemned Western nations and their godless pursuit of [[political correctness]] and [[homosexuality]].<ref>[http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/cdedfd64-214f-11e3-a92a-00144feab7de.html#axzz2jdyir54U Putin urges Russians to return to values of religion, FT.com, September 19, 2013]</ref>

In early September 2013, Putin expressly observed that liberal [[John Kerry]] is a liar.

===== Relations under Donald Trump =====
President [[Donald Trump]] accused Putin of taking [[Crimea]] by force and asked whether Obama was too soft on Russia.<ref>[http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/donald-trump-russia-latest-tweet-accuse-crimea-obama-too-soft-distance-campaign-team-white-house-a7581511.html Donald Trump accuses Russia of taking Crimea by force in attempt to distance himself from campaign allegations]</ref> In March 2017 the US department of state strongly condemned the arrests of hundreds of protesters against Vladimir Putin's government.<ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/03/26/hundreds-arrested-mass-protests-against-vladimir-putins-government/ Washington condemns arrests of hundreds of protesters against Vladimir Putin's government]</ref> The US Secretary of State [[Rex Tillerson]] said that US sanctions against Russia will remain in place until Moscow "reverses the actions" it has taken in Ukraine.<ref>[https://edition.cnn.com/2017/03/31/politics/rex-tillerson-russia-ukraine/ Tillerson: US to maintain Ukraine-related sanctions on Russia until Crimea is returned]</ref>

In response to the April, 4 chemical attack on Khan Shaykhun in [[Syria]], President Trump launched 59-Tomahawk rockets on a Syrian Air base nearby, tensions led up with Russia, Syria's ally, Putin has called that the US attack was an "illegal act of aggression",<ref>https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4389332/Russia-calls-airstrikes-Syria-act-aggression.html</ref> and answered this attack by sending a frigate to the military base in Syria.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/07/world/middleeast/russia-iran-us-strikes-syria.html?_r=0</ref> In April 2017 Putin explained that the US-Russia relations have gotten worse under Trump, contrary to narratives put out by the liberal mainstream media that Trump is too "soft" to Putin and is Putin's 'puppet' .<ref>http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/228064</ref>

In December 2017 Putin warned President Trump because of his decision to move the US embassy from [[Tel Aviv]] to [[Jerusalem]] and stated that he was "deeply concerned".<ref>[https://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/239041 Putin 'deeply concerned' by Trump's Jerusalem move]. ''IsraelNationalNews''. December 18, 2017. Retrieved August 31, 2018.</ref> Putin also opposed Trump's withdrawal from the [[Iran nuclear deal]] and told that Russia would continue to honor its obligations under this deal.<ref>[https://www.haaretz.com/us-news/putin-criticizes-u-s-over-iran-deal-at-summit-with-china-1.6158932 Putin Criticizes Trump Over Iran Nuclear Deal]. ''Haaretz''. June 10, 2018. Retrieved August 31, 2018.</ref>

In March 2018, Russian Propaganda video was released showing how a new missile program could be used to attack America. In the video, the state of [[Florida]] was specifically targeted.<ref>[http://fortune.com/2018/03/01/putin-russia-nuclear-threat-florida-mar-a-lago/ Why Russia Would Specifically Choose to Threaten Florida With a Nuclear Blast]</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-43248794 Why would Putin want to nuke Florida?]</ref>

====Relations with the EU====
In 2014 Putin founded the [[Eurasian Economic Union]] to oppose the [[European Union]].

After [[Crimea]] was annexed by Russia, the [[European Union]] imposed sanctions against Putin and his government.<ref>http://rt.com/business/168192-eu-sanctions-crimea-deadlock/</ref>

The relations within the EU are different and divided, it is mainly the following countries advocating namely a critical attitude towards the Russian government: the Baltic states ([[Estonia]], [[Latvia]] and [[Lithuania]]) [[Poland]], [[Sweden]], [[Netherlands]], [[Germany]], [[France]] and the [[United Kingdom]],<ref>http://www.euractiv.com/section/global-europe/news/russian-sanctions-debate-divides-eu/</ref><ref>https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/4464/eu-russia</ref>
while the following countries belong to the pro Kremlin camp or want to maintain a better relationship: [[Hungary]], [[Italy]] and [[Czech Republic]].

Also, multiple nationalist parties in the EU appreciate Putin's policies against the Leftist liberal dominance in Europe, like [[Marine Le Pen]]'s [[French National Front|National Front]].

Despite EU sanctions, Russia under Putin continued expanding economically into Western Europe.<ref>Strobel, Warren P. (March 11, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/russias-economic-clout-in-europe-grows-despite-sanctions-study-says-11552333028 Russia’s Economic Clout in Europe Grows Despite Sanctions, Study Says]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved March 11, 2019.</ref>

=== Views on abortion ===
Putin rejects any constitutional right to [[abortion]], as exists in the [[United States]], but is not ready to ban abortion from [[Russia]] either. Instead, Putin has supported and enforced [[pro-life]] laws in Russian which would be invalidated by [[pro-abortion]] courts in the United States. In 2017, he said that he will allow societal (including church) views to guide him on the issue:<ref>[http://fortune.com/2017/12/14/vladimir-putin-russia-abortion-pro-choice-press-conference/ An article biased in favor of [[abortion]] but useful for its quotations]</ref>

:“In the modern world, the decision is up to the woman herself,” Putin said, and indicated that additional pro-life proposals “must be careful, considered and based on the general mood in society and the moral and ethical norms that have developed in society.”

Putin's "the decision" is an ambiguous phrase that could include the decision to have the pregnancy in the first place. Also, Putin is very pro-[[Russia]] and if thinks abortion is lowering the birth rate in a harmful way, then he could abolish it based on national interests.

=== Views on communism and the Soviet Union ===
As someone who rules in the style of the czars, Putin has before called the [[Bolshevik]]s traitors for Russia's defeat in the First World War.<ref>https://www.rt.com/politics/putin-accuses-bolsheviks-treason-877/</ref> However, he has also expressed that "[he] liked Communist and socialist ideas very much and [he] like[s] them still." and compared the Soviet code of conduct to the [[Bible]].<ref>http://www.newsweek.com/russias-putin-says-he-always-liked-communist-socialist-ideas-419289</ref> Putin also has compared communism with Christianity.<ref>Newman, Alex (January 16, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/world-news/asia/item/28051-communism-very-similar-to-christianity-putin-claims Communism “Very Similar” to Christianity, Putin Claims]. ''The New American''. Retrieved January 17, 2018.</ref> Putin was accused of embracing the tactics of Soviet dictator [[Joseph Stalin]].<ref>https://www.latimes.com/world/europe/la-fg-russia-stalin-model-20150611-story.html</ref> In addition, he implies in an interview with [[Larry King]] dated September 8, 2000 that his Christianity isn't actually sincere by stating in Russian that he "believes in the power of man" or "I believe in human beings." Though a few years later, his faith became more genuine.<ref>https://www.quora.com/Is-Vladimir-Putin-personally-religious</ref> Furthermore, around October 2017, he hosted the 19th World Festival of Youth and Students Communist event and gave a speech that strongly implied that he adhered to Communism. Similarly, he also had provided arms and materiel to various communist groups, including [[Angola]], and has voiced a desire to reconnect with Latin America shortly before the FSLN regained power in Nicaragua and has supported [[Nicaragua]] via foreign aid, shipping tanks, and even posting a GLONASS tracking station on the Caribbean coast, alongside similar arming of North Korea.<ref>https://westernfreepress.com/is-vladimir-putin-a-communist/</ref><ref>https://www.trevorloudon.com/2017/12/is-vladimir-putin-a-communist/</ref> Putin is a close ally of the [[Venezuela]]'s Marxist Dictator [[Nicolás Maduro]] which he defends internationally.<ref>https://www.dw.com/es/la-alianza-estrat%C3%A9gica-de-maduro-y-putin/a-46618225</ref><ref>https://www.infobae.com/america/venezuela/2019/06/06/vladimir-putin-volvio-a-respaldar-a-maduro-y-dijo-que-sus-asesores-militares-cumpliran-las-obligaciones-de-rusia-en-venezuela/</ref> He also indicated that he still keeps his KGB card while citing his contemporaries within the KGB had discarded theirs after the USSR's fall.<ref>https://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/patrick-goodenough/putin-his-communist-party-membership-card-i-still-keep-it-home</ref>

=== Views on Islam ===
In January 2018 Putin said that "[t]raditional Islam is an integral part of the Russian cultural code". He also vowed to support Islamic religious education.<ref>https://themoscowtimes.com/news/putin-calls-for-revival-of-islamic-education-in-russia-60276</ref>

Putin has openly endorsed his Muslim puppet dictator in [[Chechnya]], [[Ramzan Kadyrov]].<ref>https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2016/03/26/putin-insists-on-russian-law-in-chechnya-while-supporting-muslim-president/</ref> Kadyrov has de facto established [[Sharia]] law in the region and was condemned by the international community for slaughtering gay citizens.<ref>https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/chechnya-ramzan-kadyrov-gay-citizens-massacre-chechen-leader-do-not-exist-russia-vladimir-putin-a7675906.html</ref> Chechen authorities have imposed a compulsory Islamic dresscode for women.<ref>https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-12705300</ref>

==Quotes==
*"Anyone who doesn't regret the passing of the Soviet Union has no heart. Anyone who wants it restored has no brains."<ref>Parfitt, Tom (December 23, 2007). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/dec/23/russia.tomparfitt Spy who came in from the cold]. ''The Guardian''. Retrieved September 15, 2018.</ref>

*“I think all sober-minded people who really are involved in politics understand that the idea of a Russian threat to, for example, the Baltics is complete madness. Are we really about to fight NATO? How many people are there in the NATO countries? About 600 million, correct? There are 146 million people in Russia. Yes, we're the biggest nuclear power. But do you really think that we're about to conquer the Baltics using nuclear weapons? What is this madness?”

*"Hitler tried to destroy Russia. Everyone needs to remember how that ended."

==Trivia==
[[Robert Kraft]], the owner of the [[New England Patriots]], accused Putin of stealing Kraft's [[Super Bowl]] ring. Putin responded that Kraft gave it to him as a gift.

==See also==
* [[Dmitri Medvedev]]
* [[Russian Federation]]
* [[Crisis in Ukraine]]
* [[Russophobia]]
*[[Oleg Deripaska]]

==Further reading==
* Baker, Peter, and Susan Glasser. ''Kremlin Rising: Vladimir Putin's Russia and the End of Revolution'' (2nd ed. 2007); [https://www.amazon.com/Kremlin-Rising-Vladimir-Revolution-Updated/dp/1597971227/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1256923460&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Goldman, Marshall I. ''Petrostate: Putin, Power, and the New Russia'' (2008) [https://www.amazon.com/Petrostate-Putin-Power-New-Russia/dp/0195340736/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1256915128&sr=1-2 excerpt and text search]
* Lucas, Edward. ''The New Cold War: Putin's Russia and the Threat to the West'' (2009) [https://www.amazon.com/New-Cold-War-Putins-Russia/dp/0230614345/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1256915128&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Stuermer, Michael. ''Putin and the Rise of Russia'' (2009)
* Wegren, Stephen K., and Dale R. Herspring, eds. ''After Putin's Russia: Past Imperfect, Future Uncertain'' (4th ed. 2009) [https://www.amazon.com/After-Putins-Russia-Imperfect-Uncertain/dp/0742557855/ref=tmm_pap_title_0 excerpt and text search]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
* [http://putin.kremlin.ru/ Official Putin Website]
* [http://kremlin.ru/ Official President of Russia Website]
* [[David Horowitz|Horowitz, David]], [http://frontpagemag.com/2013/frontpagemag-com/putin-and-the-shadow-of-the-kgb-on-the-glazov-gang/ Putin and the shadow of the KGB on the Glazov Gang], Sherman Oaks, [[California]]: [http://www.frontpagemag.com/about/ David Horowitz Freedom Center], Published April 5, 2013.
*[https://creativedestructionmedia.com/investigations/2019/11/12/here-are-the-payments-to-hunter-biden-leaked-from-ukraine/ WATCH and LISTEN: Putin Sings Russian National Anthem With 130,000 People!] (Subtitles and lyrics in closed captioning)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Putin, Vladimir}}

[[Category:Current Heads of State]]
[[Category:Russian People]]
[[Category:Russian Political People]]
[[Category:Orthodox Christians]]
[[Category:Billionaires]]
[[Category:Men]]
[[Category:Nationalists]]
[[Category:Pro-Life]]

Conservative

2021-04-17T19:24:14Z

Eaglesteven:

A '''conservative''' is a bozo who promotes money. A conservative is willing to ignore morality and advocate the insights of [[economics]] and the logic of the [[Bible]] (despite the separation of church and state) for the benefit of the rich and detriment of the poor. A conservative favors conserving value by not giving handouts to anyone who does not really need them.

A conservative typically adheres to principles of personal [[responsibility]], moral values, and [[limited government]], agreeing with [[George Washington]]'s [[Farewell Address]] that "[[religion]] and [[morality]] are indispensable supports" to political prosperity.<ref>[http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/democrac/49.htm United States Department of State] George Washington, farewell address, 1796</ref><ref>[[Merriam-Webster]]'s Online Dictionary has the following definition of conservative: "tending or disposed to maintain existing views, conditions, or institutions : TRADITIONAL"[http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/conservative] Therefore, a conservative Christian would be one that tends to adhere to the morally sound doctrines of the early Christianity and [[Judeo-Christian]] values.</ref>

Religious conservatism is a big driver of [[social conservatism]]. Religious conservatism is growing in the world and it is affecting politics (see: [[Religious conservatism and politics]]).

[[Phil Crane]], the leading conservative congressman in the [[House]] from 1969 to 2005, urged people to make the world a better place than where they found it, and quoted frequently from the [[Bible]] in pursuit of that goal.<ref>http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/chi-phil-crane-obituary-20141109-story.html</ref>

Former President [[Ronald Reagan]] said, "The basis of conservatism is a desire for less government interference or less centralized authority or more individual freedom."<ref>http://www.reason.com/news/show/29318.html</ref>
[[File:460px-Calvin Coolidge photo portrait head and shoulders.jpg|200px|thumb|[[Calvin Coolidge]], the 30th President of the United States, was a conservative who said, "Don't expect to build up the weak by pulling down the strong."]]

==Goals and principles==
{{main|Modern conservatism}}

Specifically, conservatives seek or support:

* Support for [[Natural Law]], [[unalienable rights]], and [[republicanism]]
* [[Limited government]] and balanced budgets
* [[Capitalism]] and [[free market|free markets]]
* [[Classroom prayer]]
* Respect for human life and prohibition of [[abortion]]
* [[Abstinence]] education
* Traditional [[marriage]], not [[same-sex "marriage"]]
* The concept of retribution for crimes, including the [[death penalty]] for heinous murders proven beyond reasonable doubt
* [[Family values]], including traditional relationships and division of labor within the household
* Respect for differences between men and women, boys and girls
* Laws against [[pornography]]
* [[First Amendment]] rights to [[free speech]] and [[religious freedom]]
* The [[Second Amendment]] right to keep and bear arms
* Economic allocative efficiency (as opposed to popular equity)
* Parental control of education ([[parental rights]])
* Private medical care and retirement plans
* Canceling failed social support programs
* Opposition to [[globalism]], [[one-world government]], and the [[War on Sovereignty]]
* [[Economic nationalism]] over globalist [[free trade|"free" trade]]
* Valuing [[patriotism]], [[self-governance]], and [[sovereignty]]
* [[Border wall|Border security]] and enforcement of strong [[immigration]] laws, opposition to mass migration and [[open borders]]
* Respect for our military ... past and present
* Rejection of [[junk science]] such as [[evolution]] and [[global warming]]
* Minimal taxation
* [[Federalism]] (Separation of powers among the National, State and Local governments)
* Favoring [[states' rights]] over federal power, while accepting the Constitutional role of the federal government, and favoring [[subsidiarity]]
* Opposition to [[big government]] and the [[Nanny State]]
* A strong national defense
* An [[Originalism|Originalist]] and [[Textualism|Textualist]] interpretation of the [[United States Constitution|Constitution]], and strongly oppose [[judicial activism]]
* A dedication to the truth, and an ability to seek it
* Ending [[entitlement]] programs
* Voluntary charity to those in genuine need
__TOC__ 

==List of prominent conservatives==
===Movement===
[[Movement conservatives]] are those who accept the logic of conservatism across-the-board, and stand up for its powerful principles despite [[liberal]] ridicule. Movement conservative activists in the U.S. include:
*[[Phyllis Schlafly]], defeated the [[ERA]]
*[[Larry McDonald]], Congressman, on board [[KAL 007]] when shot down by the Soviets near [[Moneron Island]].
*[[Jesse Helms]], Senator, specialist in foreign policy
*[[Alan Keyes]], ambassador and commentator
*[[Jim Jordan]], [[Thomas Massie]], [[Steve King]], [[Tom Tancredo]], and [[Dave Brat]], Congressmen
*[[Pat Buchanan]], commentator and presidential candidate
*[[Thomas Sowell]], economist and commentator
*[[Jerry Falwell]], religion
*[[Tucker Carlson]], commentator
*[[Ann Coulter]], commentator
*[[Michelle Malkin]], blogger and columnist
*[[Roy Moore]], judge
*[[Rand Paul]], Senator
*[[Josh Hawley]], Senator
*[[Kris Kobach]], state official
*[[Michele Bachmann]], Congresswoman
*[[Ron DeSantis]], Governor of Florida
*[[George S. Patton]], Four-Star WWII General

===Presidents===
Periodically a conservative has been elected [[President of the United States of America|President of the United States]]. The most prominent conservative presidents include:
*[[George Washington]] (1789–1797)
*[[James Monroe]] (1817–1825)
*[[Grover Cleveland]] (1885–1889, 1893–1897)
*[[Warren G. Harding]] (1921–1923)
*[[Calvin Coolidge]] (1923–1929)
*[[Dwight D Eisenhower]] (1953-1961)
*[[Ronald Reagan]] (1981–1989)
*[[Donald Trump]] (2017–)

The most prominent conservative Congresses have been:

*The 80th Congress (elected in 1946)
*The 104th Congress (elected in 1994)

===Key leaders===
*[[Robert Taft]] — U.S. Senator, leader of the [[Conservative Coalition]], and unsuccessful 1948 presidential candidate
*[[Barry Goldwater]] — 1964 Republican candidate, lost to liberal Democrat [[Lyndon Johnson]] but revived the conservative movement inside the GOP
*[[Russell Kirk]] — Theorist & intellectual
*[[Robert Bork]] — legal scholar, government official, and unsuccessful Supreme Court nominee
*[[Margaret Thatcher]] — British prime minister between 1979 and 1990, held views similar to Reagan's
*[[Milton Friedman]] — Chicago-school [[libertarian]] [[economist]], influential during Reagan administration; leader of the [[Chicago School of Economics]]
*[[Clarence Thomas]] — Supreme Court justice
*[[James C. Ho]] — Federal judge, thought leader for judicial originalism

===Hall of Fame===
Conservative scholar Clinton Rossiter<ref>Rossiter, "The Giants of American Conservatism," ''American Heritage'' 1955 6(6): 56-59, 94-96, online in [[EBSCO]]</ref> names [[Alexander Hamilton]], [[John Adams]], [[John Marshall]], [[Daniel Webster]], [[John C. Calhoun]], [[Elihu Root]], and [[Theodore Roosevelt]] to the "Conservative's Hall of Fame,"'' with John Adams as the greatest of American conservatives—a dubious choice since President Adams was an ardent opponent of [[free speech]] to criticize government.

==U.S. voters==
In America, most conservatives support the [[Republican Party]], but not exclusively so. In the 2008 election, 35% of the voters identified themselves as conservatives. Of them, 78% voted for [[John McCain]] and 20% for [[Barack Hussein Obama]], with the 20% accounting for Obama's margin of victory. Only 22% of the voters were liberal; they favored Obama 89%-10%. In the middle were 44% who called themselves moderates. They split for Obama by 60%-39%. (Minor candidates won 2% of the vote.)<ref>See [https://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2008/results/polls/#USP00p1 Presidential 2008 Exit Poll]</ref>
[[File:Russell Kirk.jpg|thumbnail|300px|[[Russell Kirk]] was an American political theorist, conservative intellectual, historian of ideas, social critic, and man of letters, who is best known for his role in the American conservative movement. ]]
Conservatives generally understand liberals better than liberals understand conservatives.<ref>[https://theindependentwhig.com/haidt-passages/haidt/conservatives-understand-liberals-better-than-liberals-understand-conservatives/ Haidt: Conservatives Understand Liberals Better Than Liberals Understand Conservatives]. ''The Independent Whig''. Retrieved November 13, 2019.</ref>

===Religious differences between political conservatives and political liberals===
The Barna poll conducted in November 2008 shows significant differences between the 32% of Americans who called themselves as “mostly conservative” on social and political matters; and the 17% who called themselves “mostly liberal” on social and political matters. The others—50%--were moderates with positions somewhere in-between.<ref>See [http://www.barna.org/barna-update/article/13-culture/258-survey-shows-how-liberals-and-conservatives-differ-on-matters-of-faith on line results]</ref>

Some findings:
Political liberals are less than half as likely as political conservatives to firmly believe that the Bible is totally accurate in all of the principles it teaches (27% versus 63%, respectively); to strongly believe that [[Satan]] is real (17% versus 36%); and to firmly contend that they have a personal responsibility to share their religious beliefs with others (23% versus 48%).

[Note: "Liberal" and "conservative" in this survey are based on politics]

Liberals are also far less likely than conservatives to strongly believe each of the following:
*their religious faith is very important in their life (54% of liberals vs. 82% of conservatives);
*a person cannot earn their way into [[Heaven]] by doing good deeds or being a good person (23% vs. 37%);
*their faith is becoming an increasingly important moral guide in their life (38% vs. 70%);
*the church they currently attend is very important in helping them find direction and fulfillment in life (37% vs. 62%);
*their primary purpose in life is to love God with all their heart, mind, strength and soul (43% vs. 76%);

political conservatives were more likely than liberals to:
*read the Bible, other than at church events, during the past week (57% vs. 33%, respectively)
*attend a religious service during the past week (62% vs. 35%)
*[[pray]] to God, other than at a religious service, during the past week (91% vs. 76%)
*share their religious beliefs with others, during the past year (56% vs. 39%, among the born again Christians interviewed from each segment)
*have ever participated in a short-term missions trip, either within the U.S. or in another country (12% vs. 6%)

*2% of conservatives and 11% of liberals were [[Atheism|atheist]] or [[agnostic]]
*15% of conservatives and 2% of liberals were [[Evangelical Christians|Christian evangelicals]]
*conservatives were twice as likely as liberals to be categorized as [[born again]], based on their theological views about salvation (63% vs. 32%)
*21% of conservatives were associated with the [[Roman Catholic Church]], compared to 30% among the liberals.

== Conservative organizations ==
{{See also|Major conservative organizations}}
Several organizations exist that promote consistently conservative values.

=== Conservative news ===
{{See also|Conservative news websites}}
Some of the more notable news organizations which tend to be more conservative are [[WorldNetDaily]] and [[NewsMax]]. [[Fox News]], though often called conservative, tends to be more [[neoconservative]] than conservative.

=== Conservative magazines and blogs ===
{{See also|Conservative media}}
Well known conservative magazines in the United States include ''[[National Review]]'', ''[[Policy Review]]'', ''[[The Weekly Standard]]'' and others.

Some notable [[Conservative blogs|conservative political blogs]] include the [[Heritage Foundation]]'s Policy Weblog, ''[[Human Events]]'', [[Michelle Malkin]], Newsbusters, Townhall.com and others.

== Neoconservatives ==

American commentators who ally themselves with the conservative movement but reject its religious or moral underpinnings are generally known as [[neoconservatives]].<ref>Jonah Goldberg, [http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=ZWMxNWNiNDJkY2JmNTExY2E1MzdkYWU3MWU1MTBiOGU= "What Is a 'Conservative'?"], [[National Review|National Review Online]], 11 May 2005</ref>

In the United States, conservatives are generally characterized by the following beliefs:

# Support of [[limited government]].
# A preference for freedom of opportunity over equality of result.
# [[Patriotism]], [[nationalism]], and support of a strong defense.
# Support of the institution of [[marriage]].
# Emphasis on social values, like [[prayer]] and [[pro-life]] principles.

In contrast, neoconservatives generally support [[Big government|bigger government]] and [[globalism]], and tend to downplay the significance of social values.

== Paleoconservatives ==

[[Paleoconservatives]] are conservatives who are more focused on social issues and American [[sovereignty]] and are suspicious of both big government and big business, along with [[globalism]] and [[multiculturalism]]. They also lean against foreign interventionism. Neoconservatives criticize this with the pejorative term of "[[isolationism]]," as they believe in promoting [[democracy]] worldwide, even where different religious or value systems are incompatible with democracy-induced changes in control.

A notable paleoconservative was Democrat Congressman from Georgia, [[Larry McDonald]]. He was also second Chairman of the [[John Birch Society]], and President of Western Goals. McDonald was aboard [[Korean Airlines Flight 007]] when it was shot down by the [[Soviet Union|Soviets]] near [[Moneron Island]] in 1983. Other paleoconservatives include [[Pat Buchanan]] and [[Tom Tancredo]].

==Fiscal Conservatism vs. Social Conservatism==

''For further details on the two related philosophies, see [[Fiscal conservatism]] and [[Social conservatism]]''

Recently, a division has been created between fiscal conservatism and social conservatism. Fiscal conservatism centers around a low and [[Balanced budget|balanced]] government [[budget]], and generally is opposed to programs such as [[Social Security]] and [[Medicare]]. Its primary goal is to reduce government spending significantly. Social Conservatism, on the other hand, focuses on the moral issues of conservatism. A social conservative will oppose [[same-sex marriage]], [[abortion]], and the teaching of [[evolution]] in schools. The majority of Conservatives (including most of the [[Republican Party]]) fall into both categories, however some fall into one or the other, but not both. Notably, [[Libertarians]] are strong fiscal conservatives but are not socially conservative. For instance, the [[Libertarian Party]] Platform <ref>[http://www.lp.org/platform]</ref> expresses support for the fiscally conservative principles of ending publicly funded [[welfare]] and [[healthcare]] programs as well as reducing government spending overall significantly. However, it also expresses support for [[same-sex marriage]] (with some libertarians leaning towards the ultimate goal of total [[marriage privatization]]) as well as maintaining the legal status of abortion.

Some Republicans and [[Democrat Party|Democrats]] also fit one category but not the other. Former [[New Mexico]] governor [[Gary Johnson]], who is seeking the Republican presidential nomination in 2012, was deemed "the most fiscally conservative governor" while he was in office (and probably earned that honor given all the spending cuts he made) but at the same time, he supports [[marriage privatization]] and [[abortion]] (though he believes ''[[Roe v. Wade]]'' should be overturned on Constitutional grounds). Also, several Democrats have expressed opposition to same-sex marriage and/or abortion, but still support liberal fiscal programs such as Social Security. They would be the opposite of Johnson - socially conservative but fiscally liberal.

=== Expected growth of social conservatism and religious conservatism ===

Due to the explosive growth of [[global Christianity]] in traditional cultures and their influence on Western Christianity and the higher birth rate of [[Conservative Christianity|conservative Christians]] and religious conservatives, social conservatism is expected to rise.

The Birkbeck College, University of London professor Eric Kaufman wrote in his 2010 book ''Shall the Righteous Inherit the Earth?'' concerning America:
{{cquote|High evangelical fertility rates more than compensated for losses to liberal Protestant sects during the twentieth century. In recent decades, white secularism has surged, but Latino and Asian religious immigration has taken up the slack, keeping secularism at bay. Across denominations, the fertility advantage of religious fundamentalists of all colours is significant and growing. After 2020, their demographic weight will begin to tip the balance in the [[Culture War|culture wars]] towards the conservative side, ramping up pressure on hot-button issues such as [[abortion]]. By the end of the century, three quarters of America may be pro-life. Their activism will leap over the borders of the 'Redeemer Nation' to evangelize the world. Already, the rise of the World Congress of Families has launched a global religious right, its arms stretching across the bloody lines of the War on Terror to embrace the entire Abrahamic family.<ref>[http://questionevolution.blogspot.com/2012/05/why-are-years-2012-and-2020-key-years.html Why are 2012 and 2020 key years for Christian creationists and pro-lifers?]</ref>}}

== Personal conservatism ==
Because Conservatives often have strong political views, there can be a tendency to see conservatism as a purely political ideology. However, there is also a strong personal side to conservatism - being a conservative is as much about applying conservative values to one's everyday life as it is about campaigning and voting for conservative candidates. In general, conservatives can be characterized by a strong sense of personal [[morality]], a willingness to observe their culture's traditions and customs, and a desire to be respectable and to show due respect to other members of the community.

==History of American conservatism==
===Textbook problems===
{{See also|Textbook bias}}
College-level teaching about conservatism has been distorted by a "liberal state paradigm"—that is, [[textbook]]s usually interpret recent American history in terms of the origins and successes of political liberalism—especially the [[New Deal]], the [[welfare state]], [[labor union]]s, and [[Civil Rights Movement|Civil Rights]] for blacks and [[equality]] for women. Conservative politics is usually defined as a reaction: as a [[free market]] reply to the growth of [[big government]]; as an expression of outrage against declining support for tradition and Christian morality. Where the violent Wobblies ([[Industrial Workers of the World|IWW]]) and illegal sit down strikes of the 1930s are seen as heroic, exposing [[Communist]] subversion by [[Joe McCarthy]] is denounced as the nadir of political morality.<ref>See Leonard Moore, "Approaching Conservatism," ''OAH Magazine of History,'' 17 (January 2003) [http://www.oah.org/pubs/magazine/conservatism/moore.html online edition]</ref>

===Loyalists===
The [[Loyalists]] of the [[American Revolution]] were mostly political conservatives, some of whom produced political discourse of a high order, including lawyer [[Joseph Galloway]] and governor-historian [[Thomas Hutchinson]]. However, when the crisis came, they stood with the Crown as it tried to destroy American political liberties. After the war, the great majority remained in the U.S. and became citizens, but some leaders emigrated to other places in the British Empire. [[Samuel Seabury]] was a Loyalist who stayed and as the first American bishop played a major role in shaping the [[Episcopal]] religion, a stronghold of conservative social values. While the Loyalist political tradition died out totally it the U.S., it survives in Canadian conservatism.

===Founding Fathers===
The [[Founding Fathers]] created the single most important set of political ideas in American history, known as [[Republicanism]], which all groups, liberal and conservative alike, have drawn from. Two parties were named "Republican"—the one founded in 1794 by [[Thomas Jefferson]] and [[James Madison]] (it disappeared in the 1820s), and the modern GOP founded in 1854.

During the [[First Party System]] (1790s–1820s) the [[Federalist Party]], led by [[Alexander Hamilton]], developed an important variation of republicanism that can be considered conservative. Rejecting [[monarchy]] and [[aristocracy]], they emphasized civic virtue as the core American value. The Federalists spoke for the propertied interests and the upper classes of the cities. They envisioned a modernizing land of banks and factories, with a strong army and navy. [[George Washington]] was their great hero.

On many issues, American conservatism also derives from the republicanism of [[Thomas Jefferson]] and his followers, especially [[John Randolph of Roanoke]] and his "Old Republicans" or "[[Quids]]." They idealized the [[yeoman]] farmer as the epitome of civic virtue, warned that banking and industry led to [[corruption]], that is to the illegitimate use of government power for private ends. Jefferson himself was a vehement opponent of what today is called [[judicial activism]].
<ref>[http://etext.virginia.edu/jefferson/quotations/jeff1030.htm]</ref> The Jeffersonians stressed small government.

===Ante-Bellum: Calhoun and Webster===
During the [[Second Party System]] (1830–54) the [[Whig Party]] attracted most conservatives, such as [[Daniel Webster]] of New England. [[Daniel Webster]] and other leaders of the [[Whig Party]], called it the conservative party in the late 1830s.<ref>The word was originally used in the [[French Revolution]]. The British used it after 1839 to describe a major party. The first American usage is by Whigs who called themselves "Conservatives" in the late 1830s. Hans Sperber and Travis Trittschuh, ''American Political terms: An Historical Dictionary'' (1962) 94-97.</ref> [[John C. Calhoun]], a Democrat, articulated a sophisticated conservatism in his writings. [[Richard Hofstadter]] (1948) called him "The [[Karl Marx|Marx]] of the Master Class." Calhoun argued that a conservative minority should be able to limit the power of a "majority dictatorship" because tradition represents the wisdom of past generations. (This argument echoes one made by [[Edmund Burke]], the founder of British conservatism, in ''Reflections on the Revolution in France'' (1790)). Calhoun is considered the father of the idea of minority rights, a position adopted by liberals in the 1960s in dealing with [[Civil Rights]].

The conservatism of the antebellum period is contested territory; conservatives of the 21st century disagree over what comprises their heritage. Thus [[William J. Bennett]] (2006), a prominent conservative leader, warns conservatives to NOT honor Calhoun, [[Know nothing party|Know-Nothings]], [[Copperheads (politics)|Copperheads]] and 20th century [[isolationist]]s. Other conservatives disagree with Bennett.

===Lincoln to Cleveland===
Since 1865 the [[Republican Party]] has identified itself with President [[Abraham Lincoln]], who was the ideological heir of the [[Whig Party|Whigs]] and of both [[Thomas Jefferson|Jefferson]] and [[Alexander Hamilton|Hamilton]]. As the [[Gettysburg Address]] shows, Lincoln cast himself as a second Jefferson bringing a second birth of freedom to the nation that had been born 86 years before in Jefferson's [[Declaration of Independence|Declaration]]. The [[Copperheads (politics)|Copperheads]] of the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] reflected a [[reactionary]] opposition to modernity of the sort repudiated by modern conservatives. A few libertarians have adopted a neo-Copperhead position, arguing Lincoln was a dictator who created an all-powerful government.

In the late 19th century the [[Bourbon Democrat]]s, led by President [[Grover Cleveland]], preached against corruption, high taxes (protective [[tariff]]s), and [[imperialism]], and supported the [[gold standard]] and business interests. They were overthrown by [[William Jennings Bryan]] in 1896, who moved the mainstream of the Democrat Party permanently to the left.

The 1896 presidential election was the first with a conservative versus liberal theme in the way in which these terms are now understood. Republican [[William McKinley]] won using the pro-business slogan "[[sound money]] and protection," while Bryan's anti-bank populism had a lasting effect on economic policies of the Democrat Party.

[[William Graham Sumner]], [[Yale University|Yale]] professor (1872–1910) and polymath, vigorously promoted a libertarian conservative ethic. After dallying with [[Social Darwinism]] under the influence of [[Herbert Spencer]], he rejected [[evolution]] in his later works, and strongly opposed imperialism. He opposed monopoly and [[paternalism]] in theory as a threat to equality, democracy and middle class values, but was vague on what to do about it.<ref>Curtis, Bruce. "William Graham Sumner 'On the Concentration of Wealth.'" Journal of American History 1969 55(4): 823-832.</ref>

===Early 20th century===
In the [[Progressive Era]] (1890s-1932), regulation of industry expanded as conservatives led by Senator [[Nelson Aldrich]] of [[Rhode Island]] were put on the defensive. However, Aldrich's proposal for a strong national banking system was enacted as the [[Federal Reserve System]] in 1913. [[Theodore Roosevelt]], the dominant personality of the era, was both liberal and conservative by turns. As a liberal he took a tough [[Regulation|regulatory]] approach toward businesses and [[trust]]s, and (post-presidency) fought for social insurance for the elderly. As a conservative he led the fight to make the country a major naval power, and demanded entry into [[World War I]] to stop what he saw as the [[German Empire|German]] attacks on civilization. [[William Howard Taft]] promoted a strong federal judiciary that would overrule excessive legislation. Taft defeated Roosevelt on that issue in 1912, forcing Roosevelt out of the GOP and turning it to the right for decades. As president, Taft remade the [[Supreme Court of the United States|Supreme Court]] with five appointments; he himself presided as chief justice in 1921–30, the only former president ever to do so.
[[Image:Gop-plank.JPG|thumb|275px|1936 cartoon shows GOP building its platform from the conservative planks abandoned by the Democrats]]
Pro-business Republicans returned to dominance in 1920 with the election of President [[Warren G. Harding]]. The presidency of [[Calvin Coolidge]] (1923–29) was a high water mark for conservatism, both politically and intellectually. Classic writing of the period includes ''Democracy and Leadership'' (1924) by Irving Babbitt and [[H.L. Mencken]]'s magazine ''American Mercury'' (1924–33). The [[Efficiency Movement]] attracted many conservatives such as [[Herbert Hoover]] with its pro-business, pro-engineer approach to solving social and economic problems. In the 1920s many American conservatives generally maintained anti-foreign attitudes and, as usual, were disinclined toward changes to the healthy economic climate of the age.

During the [[Great Depression]], other conservatives participated in the taxpayers' revolt at the local level. From 1930 to 1933, Americans formed as many as 3,000 taxpayers' leagues to protest high [[property tax]]es. These groups endorsed measures to limit and rollback taxes, lowered penalties on tax delinquents, and cuts in government spending. A few also called for illegal resistance (or tax strikes). The best known of these was led by the Association of Real Estate Taxpayers in [[Chicago]] which, at its height, had 30,000 dues-paying members.

An important intellectual movement, calling itself [[Southern Agrarians]] and based in Nashville, brought together like-minded novelists, poets and historians who argued that modern values undermined the traditions of American [[Republicanism]] and civic virtue.

The Depression brought [[liberal]]s to power under President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] (1933). Indeed, the term "liberal" now came to mean a supporter of the [[New Deal]] and Roosevelt's powerful [[New Deal Coalition]]. In 1934 [[Al Smith]] and pro-business Democrats formed the [[American Liberty League]] to fight the new liberalism, but failed to stop Roosevelt's shifting the Democrat Party to the left. In 1936 the Republicans rejected Hoover and tried the more liberal [[Alf Landon]], who carried only [[Maine]] and [[Vermont]]. When Roosevelt tried to pack the Supreme Court in 1937 the conservatives finally cooperated across party lines and defeated it with help from Vice President [[John Nance Garner]]. Roosevelt unsuccessfully tried to purge the conservative Democrats in the 1938 election. The conservatives in Congress then formed a bipartisan informal [[Conservative Coalition]] of Republicans and southern Democrats. It largely controlled Congress from 1937 to 1964. Its most prominent leaders were Senator [[Robert Taft]], a Republican of [[Ohio]], and Senator [[Richard Russell]], Democrat of [[Georgia]].

In the United States, the [[Old Right]], also called the Old Guard, was a group of [[libertarianism|libertarian]], free-market anti-interventionists, originally associated with Midwestern Republicans and Southern Democrats. The Republicans (but not the southern Democrats) were [[isolationist]]s in 1939–41, (see [[America First]]), and later opposed [[NATO]] and U.S. military intervention in the [[Korean War]].

===Later 20th century: Goldwater and Buckley ===
By 1950, [[American liberalism]] was so dominant in academia and journalism that liberal critic [[Lionel Trilling]] dismissed contemporary conservatism and anti-communism as "irritable mental gestures which seek to resemble ideas." <ref>Lapham 2004</ref> But just as Trilling was writing a revival was underway. In the 1950s, principles for a conservative political movement were hashed out in books like [[Russell Kirk]]'s ''The Conservative Mind'' (1953) and in the highly influential new magazine ''[[National Review]]'', founded by [[William F. Buckley]] in 1955.

Whereas Taft's [[Old Right]] had been [[isolationist]] the new conservatism favored American intervention overseas to oppose [[Communism]]. It looked to the [[Founding Fathers]] for historical inspiration as opposed to [[John C. Calhoun|Calhoun]] and the antebellum South.

The success of the [[Civil Rights movement]] came in the Civil Rights Act of 1957, the [[bi-partisan]] [[Civil Rights Act of 1964]] and the [[Voting Rights Act]] of 1965. Conservatives supported all, but [[Barry Goldwater]] bucked party leadership to win a few Southern states for the first time since Reconstruction. Until then southern whites (both liberal and conservative) had been locked into the Democrat Party. That lock was now broken and some southern conservatives voted for Goldwater for president in 1964. In 1968, southern Democrats ran their own candidate against Richard Nixon. The southern blacks now began to vote in large numbers, and buoyed by [[Great Society]] [[entitlement]]s became Democrats, moving that party in the south to the left. In 1972 fully one third of all Democrats joined Richard Nixon's Silent Majority coalition against the far left progressive Democrats. Democrats shifted their strategy to nominating Southerners for president, Jimmy Carter in 1976, Bill Clinton in 1992 and 1996, and Al Gore in 2000. As the South became less racist, it became more Republican. By 2000, for the first time, all southern states had a conservative GOP and a liberal Democrat Party. The region split in both federal and state contests. In 2008 the [[Barack Hussein Obama|Obama]] campaign rebuilt the Clinton coalition in [[Florida]], [[Virginia]] and [[North Carolina]].

Goldwater, a charismatic figure whose intense opposition to all [[New Deal]] programs angered liberals, was defeated in a landslide in 1964. Goldwater faded and his supporters regrouped under new leadership, especially that of [[Ronald Reagan]] in [[California]], and regained strength nationally in the 1966 elections. Conservatives voted for [[Richard Nixon]] in 1968, who narrowly defeated the New Deal champion [[Hubert Humphrey]], and southern demagogue [[George Wallace]]. Nixon had come to terms with both the Goldwater wing of the party and the still-influential Rockefeller Republicans (Republicans from the [[Northeast]] who supported many New Deal programs).

===Nixon, Reagan, and Bush===

The Republican administrations of President [[Richard Nixon]] in the [[1970s]] were characterized more by their emphasis on ''[[realpolitik]]'', [[détente]], and socialist [[economic planning]] policies such as [[wage and price controls]], than by their adherence to conservative rhetoric and more liberal actions.

In the eight years of [[Ronald Reagan]]'s presidency 1981-89 the American conservative movement achieved ascendancy. In 1980 the GOP took control of the Senate for the first time since 1954, and [[conservative principles]] dominated Reagan's economic and foreign policies, with [[supply side economics]] as well as a strict opposition to [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[Communism]]. The [[free trade]] movement was used as a means to promote [[capitalism]] in the [[Third World]] to counter [[Marxist]] [[national liberation movement]]s. Reagan promised to cut [[welfare]] spending but failed to do so. He did cut taxes, but raised [[military spending]] and created large [[federal deficit]]s that turned out working to our advantage, because at that time, deficits didn't matter. It should be known that the Republicans also [[Balanced budget|balanced]] the [[budget]] in the late 1990s.

An icon of the American conservative movement, Reagan is credited by his supporters with transforming American politics, galvanizing the Republican Party, uniting a coalition of economic conservatives who supported his supply-side economic policies, known as "[[Reaganomics]]," foreign policy conservatives who favored his success in stopping and rolling back Communism, and social conservatives who identified with Reagan's conservative religious and social ideals.

=== Barack Obama and American Conservatism backlash ===
In October 2009, Niles Gardiner reported in the [[Britain|British]] newspaper ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'':
{{cquote|This week’s striking [[Gallup]] poll on political ideology is further confirmation that the United States is in essence a conservative nation, which has ironically become even more conservative under [[Barack Obama]]. According to Gallup, 40 percent of Americans describe their political views as conservative, 36 percent as moderate and 20 percent as liberal. This is the first time conservatives have outnumbered moderates in America since 2004.<ref>http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/nilegardiner/100014891/barack-obama-has-failed-to-defeat-conservatism-in-america/</ref>}}

"Forty percent of Americans now self-identify as conservatives — double the amount of self-professed liberals — largely because independents are beginning to take sides."<ref>http://www.ashbrook.org/publicat/onprin/winter11/spalding.html</ref>

Conservatives strongly criticized Obama for his far-left and negative policies and the negative impact of those policies.<ref>Scaliger, Charles (February 23, 2017). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/25433-barack-obama-s-legacy Barack Obama's Legacy]. ''The New American''. Retrieved June 20, 2018.</ref><ref>Adelmann, Bob (January 20, 2017). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/25183-is-obama-worst-u-s-president Is Obama Worst U.S. President?] ''The New American''. Retrieved June 20, 2018.</ref><ref>Vargas, Mark (September 16, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/the-legacy-of-barack-obama-and-its-not-a-good-one The legacy of Barack Obama (and it's not a good one)]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved September 16, 2018.</ref> [[Dinesh D'Souza]] wrote, "Obama's legacy is to double the national debt & dramatically reduce US influence in the world."<ref>https://twitter.com/dineshdsouza/status/760447860638789632</ref> During Obama's 8 years in office, Democrats lost over 1,000 seats in the federal and state governments.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2016/12/27/democrats-lost-over-1000-seats-under-obama.html?refresh=true Democrats lost over 1,000 seats under Obama]. ''Fox News''. December 27, 2016. Retrieved December 27, 2016.</ref>

Compare [[Progressive liberalism]].

===Donald Trump===
{{See also|Donald Trump achievements}}
Despite heavy opposition from the political [[establishment]], businessman [[Donald Trump]] defeated sixteen other candidates in the Republican primaries and defeated the heavy favorite in the general election, Hillary Clinton. As president, Trump enacted strongly conservative policies in issues such as deregulation, trade, immigration, religious freedom, abortion, and judges.

==Conservatism outside the United States==
===Conservatives in continental Europe===
Conservatism in Europe is generally synonymous with [[Euroskepticism]] and [[right-wing populism]] – ideologies that support local control, [[self-governance]], [[patriotism]] and national identity, [[sovereignty]], less immigration, and a more limited government as opposed to an endless EU bureaucracy. While mainstream [[establishment]] parties in Europe are also occasionally labeled "conservative" by the media, they share many of the same policies as globalism and liberalism.

Conservative parties in Europe include the [[Swiss People's Party]], [[Law and Justice]], [[Fidesz]], [[Lega Nord]], the [[Austrian Freedom Party]], [[Sweden Democrats]], [[Finns Party]], [[Conservative People's Party of Estonia]], [[Vox (Spain)|Vox]], and the [[Alternative for Germany]], among other parties. Prominent continental European conservatives include [[Viktor Orbán]], [[Václav Klaus]], [[Matteo Salvini]], [[Santiago Abascal]], [[Christoph Blocher]], [[Jarosław Kaczyński]], [[Santiago Abascal]], and [[Norbert Hofer]].

Right-wing populism in Europe has grown since the [[Eurozone Crisis]] and [[European migrant crisis]].

===Conservatives in Britain===

Conservatism has a strong tradition in the [[United Kingdom]], with figures such as [[John Locke]] and [[Edmund Burke]] laying its philosophical foundation. Most British conservatives belong to the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] – a [[big tent]] party that includes both consistent conservatives and liberal [[globalists]] – as well as the [[United Kingdom Independence Party]], [[Brexit Party]], and the [[Democratic Unionist Party]]. Some notable British conservatives include [[Winston Churchill]], [[Enoch Powell]], [[Margaret Thatcher]], [[Ian Paisley]], [[Nigel Farage]], [[Raheem Kassam]], and [[Jacob Rees-Mogg]].

Up until the mid-19th century, the forerunner of the Conservative Party were known as [[Tory|Tories]], and the name has persisted as a common nickname both for the political party and those believed to be in agreement with it. Since the mid-to-late 1970s, British conservatives have been defined by an advocacy of [[laissez-faire]] economics, privatization and lower taxation. In recent years the Conservative Party has moved away from the social conservatism which once characterized it, and the current party policy includes, for example, support for [[abortion]] on demand, gay [[civil partnership]], the [[Kyoto Treaty]] and to oppose [[capital punishment]] (although it should be noted that such policies have little support among the party's grassroots membership).<ref>John Charmley, ''A History of Conservative Politics Since 1830'', (2nd ed. 2008)</ref> In common with conservatives in many other countries, British Conservatives tend towards a patriotic rather than internationalist outlook, and are traditionally skeptical of the [[European Union]].

[[Margaret Thatcher]] revitalized the British conservatives much like Reagan revitalized American conservatives. During her tenure as Prime Minister, she cut taxes, trimmed back at government waste, and exercised a strong national defense abroad (including the [[Falklands War]] of 1982).

Levels of prayer and worship are much lower in [[England]] and [[Wales]] than in the U.S., and religious issues thereby play less of a role in public discourse. However, religious issues remain a significant factor in [[Northern Ireland]] and in 2008 religious issues were significant during a special election in [[Scotland]].

The broadcast media (dominated by the [[BBC]]) is almost exclusively [[liberal]] in tone. The print media is slightly different with conservative-leaning newspapers like the ''[[Daily Mail]]'', ''[[Daily Express]]'' and ''[[Daily Telegraph]]'' selling more copies than their rivals.<ref>[http://www.mediauk.com/the_knowledge/i.muk/An_introduction_to_newspapers_in_the_UK Media UK; Introduction to newspapers in the UK]</ref> However, even the print media generally leans liberal.

===Conservatives in Canada===
Many Canadian conservatives align with the [[Conservative Party of Canada]], though the party does not strongly adhere to conservative values. The [[Christian Heritage Party]] is an example of a smaller but more consistent conservative Canadian party.

===Conservatives in Australia===

Australia was once more conservative than England but sweeping [[gun control]] laws pushed the nation leftward toward greater dependency on government in the last decade. In 2009, opposition to government control based on alleged [[global warming]] galvanized conservatives there and they led the [[Liberal Party of Australia]] to a repudiation of an emissions trading scheme.<ref>http://www.smh.com.au/national/shock-result-as-abbott-wins-liberal-leadership-by-one-vote--ets-dead-20091201-k1uz.html</ref> Conservatives also support smaller political parties such as the [[Family First Party]].

=== Conservatives in Latin America ===
In the early 21st century, [[Latin America]] has been shifting to the right,<ref>Multiple references:
* https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/18/world/americas/chile-election-latin-america-politics.html
*Martel, Frances (December 25, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2017/12/25/5-major-conservative-victories-latin-america-2017/ 5 Major Conservative Victories in Latin America in 2017]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
*Pearson, Samantha (April 8, 2018). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/brazil-turns-rightward-heralding-new-chapter-for-latin-america-1523216901 Brazil Turns Rightward, Heralding New Chapter for Latin America]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
*Pearson, Samantha; Magalhaes, Luciana (October 28, 2018). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/brazilians-head-to-polls-in-divisive-presidential-election-1540724400 Conservative’s Win Signals Sharp Rightward Turn in Brazil]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
*Kew, Ben (December 25, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2018/12/25/crash-of-the-pink-tide-latin-america-continues-shift-rightwards-in-2018/ Crash of the Pink Tide: Latin America Continues Shift Rightwards in 2018]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
*Forero, Juan; Luhnow, David (December 19, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-leftist-pink-tide-in-latin-america-is-receding-11576772757 The Leftist ‘Pink Tide’ in Latin America Is Receding ]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
See also:
*Martel, Frances (December 22, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/latin-america/2018/12/22/brazils-conservatives-turn-ambitions-towards-global-anti-socialist-alliance/ Brazil’s Conservatives Turn Ambitions Towards Global Anti-Socialist Alliance]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 1, 2019.</ref> and conservative [[evangelical Christians]] have been growing in political influence.<ref>Puglie, Frederic (February 19, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/feb/19/latin-american-voters-turn-evangelicals-social-con/ Evangelicals' newfound political clout in Latin America unnerves politicians, Catholic Church]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref><ref>Polimédio, Chayenne (January 24, 2018). [https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/01/the-evangelical-takeover-of-brazilian-politics/551423/ The Rise of the Brazilian Evangelicals]. ''The Atlantic''. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref>

Some notable Latin American conservatives include [[Jair Bolsonaro]] (Brazil), [[Eduardo Bolsonaro]] (Brazil), [[Ernesto Araújo]] (Brazil), [[Agustín Laje]] (Argentina), [[Nicolás Márquez]] (Argentina), [[José Antonio Kast]] (Chile), [[Jimmy Morales]] (Guatemala), [[Fabricio Alvarado]] (Costa Rica),<ref>Cullinan Hoffman, Matthew (February 5, 2018). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/christian-minister-dominates-costa-rican-presidential-election-polls-after Christian minister takes lead in Costa Rican presidential election after vowing to stop gay agenda]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> [[Alberto Fujimori]] (Peru), [[Alvaro Uribe]] (Colombia) and [[Mario Abdo Benítez]] (Paraguay).

=== Conservatism and the French Revolution ===

Conservatism in France and the European continent generally arose in the after 1790 as a response to the radicalism of the [[French Revolution]].

== Benefits of Conservatism ==

Several facets of conservatism function in unison to make it an effective and powerful philosophy. Conservatism emphasizes personal freedom, independence, and initiative; this allows the [[best of the public]] to rise to their natural level of achievement. Conservatives recognize that [[big government]] fosters dependency and stifles individual achievement—and thus, weakens society as a whole.

At the same time, conservatives also recognize that with individual freedom comes [[individual responsibility]]. In the absence of a hand-holding [[nanny state]], it is imperative that each individual take responsibility for his own actions, and exercise his rights and freedoms wisely and with discretion. Thus, [[social conservatism]] is also critical to a successful society, as it emphasizes the importance of [[morality]], duty, and responsibility to one's self and fellow men.

=== American conservatives and happiness ===

''See also:'' [[American liberalism and 21st century political losses]] and [[Secular leftists and psychogenic illness]]

''Time'' magazine reported: "In the "who's happier?" race, a whole body of research shows conservatives report being happier. [http://www.sciencemag.org/content/347/6227/1243 Four new studies] published in ''Science'' hint at a possible reason why.<ref>[http://time.com/3744433/liberals-conservatives-happiness/ Liberals are More Honest Than Conservatives When They Smile], Time Magazine, 2015</ref>

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| style="text-align: center; padding: 10px 40px 10px 40px;" | [[Previous Breaking News/Conservatives|Previous Breaking News: Conservatives]]
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== See also ==
*[[Modern conservatism]]
*[[Conservative resources]]
*[[Previous Breaking News/Conservatives|Articles about '''Conservatives''' from previous "Breaking News"]]
*[[More News/Conservatives|Articles about '''Conservatives''' from "More News"]]
*[[Conservative Links]]
*[[Essay:Fair and balanced is not part of the Conservative platform]]
*[[Conservative politicians]]
*[[Liberal]]
*[[Larry McDonald]]

==Further reading==
* Critchlow, Donald T. ''The Conservative Ascendancy: How the GOP Right Made Political History'' (2007)
* Filler, Louis. ''Dictionary of American Conservatism The First Complete Guide to Issues, People, Organizations and Events'' (1987), useful older encyclopedia
* Frank, Thomas. ''What's the Matter with Kansas?: How Conservatives Won the Heart of America'' (2005), a liberal perspective [https://www.amazon.com/Whats-Matter-Kansas-Conservatives-America/dp/080507774X/ref=sr_1_1/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1193685789&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Frohnen, Bruce et al. eds. ''American Conservatism: An Encyclopedia'' (2006), the most detailed reference
* Judis, John B. ''William F. Buckley, Jr.: Patron Saint of the Conservatives'' (1988) [https://www.amazon.com/William-F-Buckley-Jr-Conservatives/dp/0743217977/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1207759425&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Kirk, Russell. ''The Conservative Mind''. (7th ed. 2001). highly influential conservative history of ideas [http://www.historyebook.org/ online at ACLS e-books]
* Link, William A. ''Righteous warrior: Jesse Helms and the rise of modern conservatism'' (2008) 643 pages
* Micklethwait, John, and Adrian Wooldridge. ''The Right Nation,'' (2004) influential survey [https://www.amazon.com/Right-Nation-Conservative-Power-America/dp/B000F71124/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1205919226&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Micklethwait, John, and Adrian Wooldridge. ''God Is Back: How the Global Revival of Faith Is Changing the World'' (2009)
* Nash, George. ''The Conservative Intellectual Movement in America Since 1945'' (2006), excellent scholarly history. [https://www.amazon.com/Conservative-Intellectual-Movement-America-Since/dp/1933859121/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1241925238&sr=1-2 excerpt and text search]
*Pemberton, William E. ''Exit with Honor: The Life and Presidency of Ronald Reagan'' (1998) [http://www.questia.com/library/book/exit-with-honor-the-life-and-presidency-of-ronald-reagan-by-william-e-pemberton.jsp online edition]
*Perlstein, Rick. ''Before the Storm: Barry Goldwater and the Unmaking of the American Consensus'' (2004) on 1964 [https://www.amazon.com/Before-Storm-Goldwater-Unmaking-Consensus/dp/0809028581/ref=sr_1_1/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1193684721&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
*Perlstein, Rick. ''Nixonland: The Rise of a President and the Fracturing of America'' (2008) [https://www.amazon.com/Nixonland-Rise-President-Fracturing-America/dp/074324303X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1241924189&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Schneider, Gregory L. ed. ''Conservatism in America Since 1930: A Reader'' (2003)
*Schoenwald; Jonathan. ''A Time for Choosing: The Rise of Modern American Conservatism'' (2002) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=104931191 online edition] also [http://www.historyebook.org/ online at ACLS e-books]
* Schweizer, Peter, and Wynton C. Hall, eds. ''Landmark Speeches of the American Conservative Movement'' (2007) [https://www.amazon.com/Landmark-Speeches-American-Conservative-Movement/dp/1585445983/ref=sr_1_4/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1193685365&sr=1-4 excerpt and text search]

== References ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

==External links==
*[http://www.aim.org/wls/category/conservatives/ What Liberals Say - Category: Conservatives], [[Accuracy In Media]]
*[https://www.youtube.com/user/rescueKAL007#p/a/FD3DE4F0642C350C/0/1c8v-kgLvhM Pat Buchanan's "Crossfire" interview with [[Larry McDonald]] 3 months before downing of [[KAL 007]], Ron Paul intro]
*[http://www.conservativedirectory.com Directory of Conservative Websites - Category: Conservatives], [[Politics]]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lnYUbkVWglc Coming Out in 2019], Neel Kolhatkar, Jan 22, 2019.

{{Conservatism}}
[[Category:Conservative]]
[[Category:American History]]
[[Category:Reagan Era]]
[[Category:1960s]]