Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Anti-Semitism

2007-07-23T22:42:37Z

Federalist12: added reference

[[Image:Aldershot Cemetery.jpg|right|thumb|Community Security Trust. Nov. 2004: The Aldershot Cemetery.]]
Anti-Semitism (or antisemitism) is discrimination or hatred of [[Jews]].

==Origins of Anti-Semitism==

The first [[Christian]]s were [[Jews]], as [[Jesus Christ]] was. The story of Jesus was remembered and retold in the synagogues. Splits appeared very soon after the death of Jesus between the Pharisees and the Revisionist Jews. The Gospel of John was written quite soon after he and other revisionist Jews were barred from the synagogue by the Orthodox party. The references to Jews in the Gospel according to St John does not refer to Jews as a whole, but to the Pharisees. However, this was not well understood by later readers, and once the early generations of Jews had died out John's gospel was often used to justify acts of anti-Semitism.

==Early Anti-Semitism==

One of the oldest instances of anti-Semitic claims was made in the first century AD by Apion who claimed Jews sacrificed Greeks in their temple in a ritual known as a blood libel. Christianity later brought this up again in England in 1144, after William of Norwich was found murdered. William was called a martyr and created a second wave of anti-semitism, this time in Europe. It was mostly popularized with the story of Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln, and was even present in the Canterbury Tales. This continued on for many centuries until modern times. This "[[blood libel]]" accusation has survived the centuries and is today seen in Muslim anti-Semitic propaganda.

Anti-semitism was rife in Europe well into the twentieth century. Anti-semitic references were common in the popular literature of both the 19th and early 20th centuries. It became more "scientific", and often connected with psuedo-scientific racial theories. Well known 19th-century anti-Semites include Houston Stewart Chamberlain, [[Karl Marx]], and [[Richard Wagner]]. In [[Russia]], [[pogroms]] (mass slaughter) were carried out against the Jews. When [[Adolf Hitler]] needed a scapegoat on which to blame the inflationary problems of [[Germany]], he built on a bedrock of anti-Semitism that was already there. The consequence was the [[Holocaust]], called by Hitler the [[final solution]] to the 'Jewish problem'.

==WWII to the Gulf War==

[[Henry Ford]] was an outspoken anti-semite who used his newspaper, ''The Dearborn Independent'', to reprint the false ''[[Protocols of the Elders of Zion]]''. He was an admirer of [[Adolf Hitler]] and strongly opposed U.S. entry into the Second World War.<ref>Power, Ignorance, and Anti-Semitism:
Henry Ford and His War on Jews http://history.hanover.edu/hhr/99/hhr99_2.html</ref> Aviator Charles Lindberg has also been accused of being an anti-semite. He also opposed U.S. entry into the war, though implied that if we did enter, it should be on the side of Germany.<ref>Asimov, Issac ''Isaac Asimov's Book of Facts''. New York: Random House, 1977.</ref> During the [[Gulf War]] of 1991 anti-Semites alleged the US was being used to fight Israel's wars.<ref>[http://newint.org/features/2004/10/01/conspiracism/ ''Zog ate my brains''], Chip Berlet, New Internationalist, October 2004.</ref>

==Modern anti-Semitism==

Republican President [[Richard Nixon]] unfairly earned a reputation as an antisemite after recordings of informal conversations laden with racial slurs and invective known as the [[Watergate Tapes]] were made public. These informal comments about Jewish control of the media and calling [[Robert Vesco]] "a cheap kike" among other comments suggested to Nixon critics that his views were informed by a mistrust of Jewish culture. <ref>http://hnn.us/articles/657.html</ref> Nixon defenders refute claims that he was an anti-semite because of his support of [[Israel]] during the [[Yom Kippur War]] and his many Jewish friends and associates such as [[Henry Kissinger]],[[Herb Stein]] and others. <ref>http://www.slate.com/id/1003783/

In 1984 [[Democratic]] Presidential candidate [[Jesse Jackson]] is said to have uttered anti-Semitic comments to reporter for the ''Washington Post'' when discussing the state of African-American and Jewish relations, which had been a key [[New Deal]] coalition for half a century. Jackson is reported to have referred to Jews as "Hymie's", and to New York City as "Hymietown". Jackson is alleged to have apologized for the incident. <ref>[http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=187440 Jesse and the Jews], Michael W. Hirschorn, ''The Harvard Crimson'', March 05, 1984.</ref>

The U.S. State Department ''Report on Global Anti-Semitism'' in 2005 said this about the current state of anti-Semitism worldwide:

:Beginning in 2000, verbal attacks directed against Jews increased while incidents of vandalism... surged. Physical assaults including beatings, stabbings and other violence against Jews in Europe increased markedly, in a number of cases resulting in serious injury and even death. Also troubling is a bias that spills over into anti-Semitism in some of the [[leftist|left-of-center]] press and among some intellectuals.

:The United States is frequently included as a target of such attacks, which often assert that U.S. foreign policy is made in Israel or that Jews control the media and financial markets in the United States and the rest of the world. ...Similarly, allegations that Jews were behind the 9/11 attacks were widely disseminated. <ref>[http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/40258.htm Report on Global Anti-Semitism], U.S. Department of State Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on International Relations, Released by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, January 5, 2005. </ref>

In the United States, [[Democratic Party|Democratic]] Senator [[Ernest Hollings]] was recently ostracized for public criticism of the Bush Administration <ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20040506-20051231re_/http://hollings.senate.gov/~hollings/opinion/2004506A17.html Bush's failed Mideast policy is creating more terrorism], U.S. Senator Ernest F. Hollings, Charleston Post and Courier, 6 May 2004.</ref> considered to be anti-Semitic. <ref>[http://www.adl.org/PresRele/ASUS_12/4496_12.htm Anti-Semitism: USA, ADL Urges Senator Hollings to Disavow Statements on Jews and the Iraq War], ADL Press Release, New York, 14 May 2004. </ref> On March 3, 2003 Rep. [[James Moran]] (D-Va.) said, "If it were not for the strong support of the Jewish community for this war with Iraq, we would not be doing this". <ref>[http://judaism.about.com/library/2_antisemitism/bl_moran_iraq.htm Are Jews Behind the War on Iraq?] A Case of Classical Anti-Semitism. </ref> Some supporters of the anti-[[Iraq War]] movement have been accused of anti-Semitism, including a group known as ANSWER-[[Act Now to Stop War and End Racism]], one of the first organizations formed to protest the policies of the Bush administration after 9/11. <ref>[http://www.forward.com/articles/the-%E2%80%98answer%E2%80%99-question-poses-difficult-choices/ "The 'Answer' Question Poses Difficult Choices for Liberals"] by Gal Beckerman, ''The Forward'', September 30, 2005. </ref> <ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20041019075845/http://www.tikkun.org/magazine/index.cfm/action/tikkun/issue/tik0305/article/030512a.html Authoritarianism and Anti-Semitism in the Anti-War Movement?]. ''Tikkun'', May/June 2003. Link is to page on the Internet Archive, archived Oct 19, 2004.</ref>

Liberal activist [[Cindy Sheehan]], though she found popular support among [[leftist]]s and the mainstream media, was condemned for her outspoken anti-Semitic conspiracy theories. <ref>[http://www.davidduke.com/index.php?p=350 Why Cindy Sheehan is Right!], David Duke, 8/14/2005.</ref> Sheehan traveled to [[Venezuela]] <ref>[http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/40258.htm Report on Global Anti-Semitism] U. S. Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, January 5, 2005. </ref> to appear with Venezuelan dictator, [[Hugo Chavez]] to denounce U.S. foreign policy which she blames as responsible for the death of her son.

While the contempory American left's hatred for Jews and Jewish traditions has been documented, others who were on the right have been ostracized by conservative commentators. William F. Buckley, Jr., founder and publisher of the ''National Review'' said of [[Reform Party]] presidential candidate and former Nixon speechwriter [[Patrick Buchanan]], "I find it impossible to defend Pat Buchanan against the charge that what he did and said during the period under examination amounted to anti-Semitism…" refering to comments Buchanan made regarding the U.S. involvement in the first [[Gulf War]] which lead to military action against [[Saddam Hussein]] and [[Iraq]]. <ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1282/is_n24_v43/ai_11810753 In search of anti-semitism], William F. Buckley, Jr., ''National Review'', Dec 30, 1991.</ref>

The number of anti-Semitic incidents in Britain increased by 34 percent in 2006. <ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,290187,00.html Increase in Anti-Semitic Violence Troubles Jews in Britain] by Donald Snyder, Fox News, July 20, 2007</ref>

==See also==
[[Wandering Jew]]

[[Blood libel|Blood Libel]]

==References==
<references/>
[[Category:culture]]

Anti-Semitism

2007-07-23T22:38:12Z

Federalist12: Richard Nixon and unfairly earned reputation as Anti-Semite because of ethnic slurs on Watergate tapes

[[Image:Aldershot Cemetery.jpg|right|thumb|Community Security Trust. Nov. 2004: The Aldershot Cemetery.]]
Anti-Semitism (or antisemitism) is discrimination or hatred of [[Jews]].

==Origins of Anti-Semitism==

The first [[Christian]]s were [[Jews]], as [[Jesus Christ]] was. The story of Jesus was remembered and retold in the synagogues. Splits appeared very soon after the death of Jesus between the Pharisees and the Revisionist Jews. The Gospel of John was written quite soon after he and other revisionist Jews were barred from the synagogue by the Orthodox party. The references to Jews in the Gospel according to St John does not refer to Jews as a whole, but to the Pharisees. However, this was not well understood by later readers, and once the early generations of Jews had died out John's gospel was often used to justify acts of anti-Semitism.

==Early Anti-Semitism==

One of the oldest instances of anti-Semitic claims was made in the first century AD by Apion who claimed Jews sacrificed Greeks in their temple in a ritual known as a blood libel. Christianity later brought this up again in England in 1144, after William of Norwich was found murdered. William was called a martyr and created a second wave of anti-semitism, this time in Europe. It was mostly popularized with the story of Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln, and was even present in the Canterbury Tales. This continued on for many centuries until modern times. This "[[blood libel]]" accusation has survived the centuries and is today seen in Muslim anti-Semitic propaganda.

Anti-semitism was rife in Europe well into the twentieth century. Anti-semitic references were common in the popular literature of both the 19th and early 20th centuries. It became more "scientific", and often connected with psuedo-scientific racial theories. Well known 19th-century anti-Semites include Houston Stewart Chamberlain, [[Karl Marx]], and [[Richard Wagner]]. In [[Russia]], [[pogroms]] (mass slaughter) were carried out against the Jews. When [[Adolf Hitler]] needed a scapegoat on which to blame the inflationary problems of [[Germany]], he built on a bedrock of anti-Semitism that was already there. The consequence was the [[Holocaust]], called by Hitler the [[final solution]] to the 'Jewish problem'.

==WWII to the Gulf War==

[[Henry Ford]] was an outspoken anti-semite who used his newspaper, ''The Dearborn Independent'', to reprint the false ''[[Protocols of the Elders of Zion]]''. He was an admirer of [[Adolf Hitler]] and strongly opposed U.S. entry into the Second World War.<ref>Power, Ignorance, and Anti-Semitism:
Henry Ford and His War on Jews http://history.hanover.edu/hhr/99/hhr99_2.html</ref> Aviator Charles Lindberg has also been accused of being an anti-semite. He also opposed U.S. entry into the war, though implied that if we did enter, it should be on the side of Germany.<ref>Asimov, Issac ''Isaac Asimov's Book of Facts''. New York: Random House, 1977.</ref> During the [[Gulf War]] of 1991 anti-Semites alleged the US was being used to fight Israel's wars.<ref>[http://newint.org/features/2004/10/01/conspiracism/ ''Zog ate my brains''], Chip Berlet, New Internationalist, October 2004.</ref>

==Modern anti-Semitism==

Republican President [[Richard Nixon]] unfairly earned a reputation as an antisemite after recordings of informal conversations laden with racial slurs and invective known as the [[Watergate Tapes]] were made public. These informal comments about Jewish control of the media and calling [[Robert Vesco]] "a cheap kike" among other comments suggested to Nixon critics that his views were informed by a mistrust of Jewish culture. <ref>http://hnn.us/articles/657.html</ref> Nixon defenders refute claims that he was an anti-semite because of his support of [[Israel]] during the [[Yom Kippur War]] and his many Jewish friends and associates such as [[Henry Kissinger]],[[Herb Stein]] and others.

In 1984 [[Democratic]] Presidential candidate [[Jesse Jackson]] is said to have uttered anti-Semitic comments to reporter for the ''Washington Post'' when discussing the state of African-American and Jewish relations, which had been a key [[New Deal]] coalition for half a century. Jackson is reported to have referred to Jews as "Hymie's", and to New York City as "Hymietown". Jackson is alleged to have apologized for the incident. <ref>[http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=187440 Jesse and the Jews], Michael W. Hirschorn, ''The Harvard Crimson'', March 05, 1984.</ref>

The U.S. State Department ''Report on Global Anti-Semitism'' in 2005 said this about the current state of anti-Semitism worldwide:

:Beginning in 2000, verbal attacks directed against Jews increased while incidents of vandalism... surged. Physical assaults including beatings, stabbings and other violence against Jews in Europe increased markedly, in a number of cases resulting in serious injury and even death. Also troubling is a bias that spills over into anti-Semitism in some of the [[leftist|left-of-center]] press and among some intellectuals.

:The United States is frequently included as a target of such attacks, which often assert that U.S. foreign policy is made in Israel or that Jews control the media and financial markets in the United States and the rest of the world. ...Similarly, allegations that Jews were behind the 9/11 attacks were widely disseminated. <ref>[http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/40258.htm Report on Global Anti-Semitism], U.S. Department of State Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on International Relations, Released by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, January 5, 2005. </ref>

In the United States, [[Democratic Party|Democratic]] Senator [[Ernest Hollings]] was recently ostracized for public criticism of the Bush Administration <ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20040506-20051231re_/http://hollings.senate.gov/~hollings/opinion/2004506A17.html Bush's failed Mideast policy is creating more terrorism], U.S. Senator Ernest F. Hollings, Charleston Post and Courier, 6 May 2004.</ref> considered to be anti-Semitic. <ref>[http://www.adl.org/PresRele/ASUS_12/4496_12.htm Anti-Semitism: USA, ADL Urges Senator Hollings to Disavow Statements on Jews and the Iraq War], ADL Press Release, New York, 14 May 2004. </ref> On March 3, 2003 Rep. [[James Moran]] (D-Va.) said, "If it were not for the strong support of the Jewish community for this war with Iraq, we would not be doing this". <ref>[http://judaism.about.com/library/2_antisemitism/bl_moran_iraq.htm Are Jews Behind the War on Iraq?] A Case of Classical Anti-Semitism. </ref> Some supporters of the anti-[[Iraq War]] movement have been accused of anti-Semitism, including a group known as ANSWER-[[Act Now to Stop War and End Racism]], one of the first organizations formed to protest the policies of the Bush administration after 9/11. <ref>[http://www.forward.com/articles/the-%E2%80%98answer%E2%80%99-question-poses-difficult-choices/ "The 'Answer' Question Poses Difficult Choices for Liberals"] by Gal Beckerman, ''The Forward'', September 30, 2005. </ref> <ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20041019075845/http://www.tikkun.org/magazine/index.cfm/action/tikkun/issue/tik0305/article/030512a.html Authoritarianism and Anti-Semitism in the Anti-War Movement?]. ''Tikkun'', May/June 2003. Link is to page on the Internet Archive, archived Oct 19, 2004.</ref>

Liberal activist [[Cindy Sheehan]], though she found popular support among [[leftist]]s and the mainstream media, was condemned for her outspoken anti-Semitic conspiracy theories. <ref>[http://www.davidduke.com/index.php?p=350 Why Cindy Sheehan is Right!], David Duke, 8/14/2005.</ref> Sheehan traveled to [[Venezuela]] <ref>[http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/40258.htm Report on Global Anti-Semitism] U. S. Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, January 5, 2005. </ref> to appear with Venezuelan dictator, [[Hugo Chavez]] to denounce U.S. foreign policy which she blames as responsible for the death of her son.

While the contempory American left's hatred for Jews and Jewish traditions has been documented, others who were on the right have been ostracized by conservative commentators. William F. Buckley, Jr., founder and publisher of the ''National Review'' said of [[Reform Party]] presidential candidate and former Nixon speechwriter [[Patrick Buchanan]], "I find it impossible to defend Pat Buchanan against the charge that what he did and said during the period under examination amounted to anti-Semitism…" refering to comments Buchanan made regarding the U.S. involvement in the first [[Gulf War]] which lead to military action against [[Saddam Hussein]] and [[Iraq]]. <ref>[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1282/is_n24_v43/ai_11810753 In search of anti-semitism], William F. Buckley, Jr., ''National Review'', Dec 30, 1991.</ref>

The number of anti-Semitic incidents in Britain increased by 34 percent in 2006. <ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,290187,00.html Increase in Anti-Semitic Violence Troubles Jews in Britain] by Donald Snyder, Fox News, July 20, 2007</ref>

==See also==
[[Wandering Jew]]

[[Blood libel|Blood Libel]]

==References==
<references/>
[[Category:culture]]

Talk:Anti-Semitism

2007-07-23T22:13:23Z

Federalist12:

==Discussion==
Gotta say, the idea that antisemitism is "the driving force behind the anti-Iraq War movement" is crap, and to promote that idea here is irresponsible.--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 14:07, 19 April 2007 (EDT)
:The cites on the page say so. And not just the anti-War movement, the 9/11 Truthers, too. [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:14, 19 April 2007 (EDT)

::The cites may say so but it's still crap. For the vast majority of Americans opposed either to the war in general or to the way it's been conducted, it has nothing to do with Israel. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 14:17, 19 April 2007 (EDT)
:::Mel Gibson expressed it all. [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:21, 19 April 2007 (EDT)

::I'm not allowed to engage in discussions, so I won't tell you what I think--unless asked.[[User:palmd001|PalMD]][[User_talk:palmd001|talk]] 14:23, 19 April 2007 (EDT)

:::Please express a thoughtful and non-sarcastic opinion on the topic, Peter. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 14:29, 19 April 2007 (EDT)

The relevance of Mel Gibson escapes me entirely. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 14:24, 19 April 2007 (EDT)

When he was arrested for a DUI he stated that all the wars were caused by Jews. And personally, I'm anti war, but not anti Jew (grandma would kill me). [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 15:45, 19 April 2007 (EDT)
:It was the timing of Gibson's remarks, coming in the midst of mid-term elections where the Iraq War,Israel's operation Lebanon and the rumors of a strike against Iran were big headlines. Gibson expressed what was on most anti-War protesters minds. [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:16, 19 April 2007 (EDT)

::I remember what he said. But the idea that his thoughts are at all representative of those who oppose the war is ludicrous. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 16:18, 19 April 2007 (EDT)

::For the sake of clarity, I'm not trying to claim that nobody who has protested is anti-semitic, or that some organization that has been involved in protesting isn't anti-semitic. Not saying they are either - I have no idea. But the claim that the general basis of opposition to the war is anti-semitism is the equivalent of the VRWC. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 16:21, 19 April 2007 (EDT)

:::Well, one big problem the anti-War movement has today is well documented in the mainsapce article here--the original persons and organizations that spoke out immediately after 9/11 and in 2003 either pointedly made statements constued as anti-Semitic, or they were interpreted as such. Since that time, a vast "middle" so to speak has joined up with these sentiments, and in many cases not realizing it, or not familiar with the background. Our purpose here is to not lose site of the leadership of the anti-War movement, their stated goals, objectives, and motivations, and to educate people about exactly what the rational is for this dissent from American foreign policy. And most specifically of all, we must not lose sight of the fact this is not limited to the US; it is widespread in Europe and in Islam. The American anti-War movement appears to be a Johnnie-come-lately to this phenomenon. [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:31, 19 April 2007 (EDT)

==Israel and the Iraq War==

Cut from article:

:Some supporters of the anti-[[Iraq War]] movement have been accused of anti-Semitism, including a group known as ANSWER-Act Now to Stop War and End Racism, one of the first organizations formed to protest the policies of the Bush administration. <ref>[http://www.forward.com/articles/the-%E2%80%98answer%E2%80%99-question-poses-difficult-choices/ "The 'Answer' Question Poses Difficult Choices for Liberals"] by Gal Beckerman, ''The Forward'', September 30, 2005. </ref> <ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20041019075845/http://www.tikkun.org/magazine/index.cfm/action/tikkun/issue/tik0305/article/030512a.html Authoritarianism and Anti-Semitism in the Anti-War Movement?]. ''[[Tikkun (magazine)|Tikkun]]'', May/June 2003. Link is to page on the [[Internet Archive]], archived Oct 19, 2004.</ref>

==Revisionsit Jews==
Could someone be more specific as to who this group of "Revisionist Jews" are ath the time of Christ? [[User:RobS|RobS]] 20:12, 23 May 2007 (EDT)

==Term: "Anti-Semitism"==

I take issue with this term, mainly because the word "Semite" in pre-20th century history traditionally referred to one who speaks a Semitic language, which is a very large umbrella of languages and in turn defines many different peoples/nations (e.g., Morocco, Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Jordan, Iraq, Israel, Ethiopia, and others). When referring specifically to hatred of Jews, it would be more accurate to use the term "Anti-Judaism."

It would also be well to note that the term was coined by Wilhelm Marr, a German journalist, in 1873. By using the term "anti-Semite," Marr was simply looking for a more polite term to replace the simpler adjective, "Jew-hater." I am still researching my sources, but would like permission to make these edits. Thanks.

Also, does this line (near the end) read correctly?

"'''Chavez''' traveled to Venezuela [11] to appear with Venezuelan dictator, '''Hugo Chavez''' to denounce U.S. foreign policy which she blames as responsible for the death of her son." [[User:ps1107|ps1107]]

:Rubbish. Firstly, it was actually Moritz Steinschneider who "coined" the phrase, in 1860. Marr used the phrase in 1879 in his book "The Way to Victory of Germanicism over Judaism" not to be polite, but to lend his race-hate work with an air of scientific credibility, linking it to the pseudo-science of Heinrich von Treitschke and his tracts on the racial superority of "Aryans" over the "Semitic" - another pseudo-scientific term - race, which, in his use, consisted solely of Jews. The words themselves are neologisms, which have never been used in ANY other context. Your "issue" with the term is foundless. [[Image:User Fox.png]] [[User:Fox|Fox]] ([[User talk:Fox|talk]]|[[Special:Contributions/Fox|contribs]]) 09:23, 23 June 2007 (EDT)

::Agreed, it is pseudo-scientific; however, why use a term in this day and age which is more or less incorrect? I won't say anything after this. [[User:ps1107|ps1107]]

== Mainstream media ==

Why does the term "mainstream media" link to the article on "media bias"? Besides being hugely ironic, it's certainly not encyclopedic to just brush off "mainstream media" (which includes channels like Fox News, and anchors like John Stossel, btw) as being biased; plus, the media bias article doesn't actually say anthing about mainstream media! [[User:Jazzman831|Jazzman831]] 23:32, 30 June 2007 (EDT)

== Pat Buchanan ==
I appreciate the clarification of my Pat Buchanan entry. Did William F. Buckley call Buchanan an antisemite because of his opposition to the original Iraq War? and what of JDL's criticism of Buchanan. Is it appropriate or spurious? Is Hugo Chavez a noted antisemite? (federalist12
)

Talk:Robert Bork

2007-07-23T21:54:08Z

Federalist12: New page: I can't believe that there is nothing about his principled stand against frivolous lawsuits...

I can't believe that there is nothing about his principled stand against frivolous lawsuits...

Christian Rock

2007-07-23T21:40:43Z

Federalist12: added Stryper, a seminal band. This needs a lot of work.

Christian Rock is a genre of [[music]]. It is a mix of [[Christianity]] and Rock and Roll. The genre has come under fire from some Christians who say the music is a compromise to the secular world.<ref>http://www.av1611.org/crock/crock1.html</ref> Nevertheless, it has become one of the fastest growing music genres. Citation needed

==Bands==

Switchfoot

Haste the Day

Anberlin

Jack of all Trades

Cubed

Stryper

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Musical genres]]

Anti-Semitism

2007-07-23T21:08:06Z

Federalist12:

[[Image:Aldershot Cemetery.jpg|right|thumb|Community Security Trust. Nov. 2004: The Aldershot Cemetery.]]
Anti-Semitism (or antisemitism) is discrimination or hatred of [[Jews]].

==Origins of Anti-Semitism==

The first [[Christian]]s were [[Jews]], as [[Jesus Christ]] was. The story of Jesus was remembered and retold in the synagogues. Splits appeared very soon after the death of Jesus between the Pharisees and the Revisionist Jews. The Gospel of John was written quite soon after he and other revisionist Jews were barred from the synagogue by the Orthodox party. The references to Jews in the Gospel according to St John does not refer to Jews as a whole, but to the Pharisees. However, this was not well understood by later readers, and once the early generations of Jews had died out John's gospel was often used to justify acts of anti-Semitism.

==Early Anti-Semitism==

One of the oldest instances of anti-Semitic claims was made in the first century AD by Apion who claimed Jews sacrificed Greeks in their temple in a ritual known as a blood libel. Christianity later brought this up again in England in 1144, after William of Norwich was found murdered. William was called a martyr and created a second wave of anti-semitism, this time in Europe. It was mostly popularized with the story of Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln, and was even present in the Canterbury Tales. This continued on for many centuries until modern times. This "[[blood libel]]" accusation has survived the centuries and is today seen in Muslim anti-Semitic propaganda.

Anti-semitism was rife in Europe well into the twentieth century. Anti-semitic references were common in the popular literature of both the 19th and early 20th centuries. It became more "scientific", and often connected with psuedo-scientific racial theories. Well known 19th-century anti-Semites include Houston Stewart Chamberlain, [[Karl Marx]], and [[Richard Wagner]]. In [[Russia]], [[pogroms]] (mass slaughter) were carried out against the Jews. When [[Adolf Hitler]] needed a scapegoat on which to blame the inflationary problems of [[Germany]], he built on a bedrock of anti-Semitism that was already there. The consequence was the [[Holocaust]], called by Hitler the [[final solution]] to the 'Jewish problem'.

==WWII to the Gulf War==

[[Henry Ford]] was an outspoken anti-semite who used his newspaper, ''The Dearborn Independent'', to reprint the false ''[[Protocols of the Elders of Zion]]''. He was an admirer of [[Adolf Hitler]] and strongly opposed U.S. entry into the Second World War.<ref>Power, Ignorance, and Anti-Semitism:
Henry Ford and His War on Jews http://history.hanover.edu/hhr/99/hhr99_2.html</ref> Aviator Charles Lindberg has also been accused of being an anti-semite. He also opposed U.S. entry into the war, though implied that if we did enter, it should be on the side of Germany.<ref>Asimov, Issac ''Isaac Asimov's Book of Facts''. New York: Random House, 1977.</ref> During the [[Gulf War]] of 1991 anti-Semites alleged the US was being used to fight Israel's wars.<ref>[http://newint.org/features/2004/10/01/conspiracism/ ''Zog ate my brains''], Chip Berlet, New Internationalist, October 2004.</ref>

==Modern anti-Semitism==

In 1984 [[Democratic]] Presidential candidate [[Jesse Jackson]] is said to have uttered anti-Semitic comments to reporter for the ''Washington Post'' when discussing the state of African-American and Jewish relations, which had been a key [[New Deal]] coalition for half a century. Jackson is reported to have referred to Jews as "Hymie's", and to New York City as "Hymietown". Jackson is alleged to have apologized for the incident. <ref>[http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=187440 Jesse and the Jews], Michael W. Hirschorn, ''The Harvard Crimson'', March 05, 1984.</ref>

The U.S. State Department ''Report on Global Anti-Semitism'' in 2005 said this about the current state of anti-Semitism worldwide:

:Beginning in 2000, verbal attacks directed against Jews increased while incidents of vandalism... surged. Physical assaults including beatings, stabbings and other violence against Jews in Europe increased markedly, in a number of cases resulting in serious injury and even death. Also troubling is a bias that spills over into anti-Semitism in some of the [[leftist|left-of-center]] press and among some intellectuals.

:The United States is frequently included as a target of such attacks, which often assert that U.S. foreign policy is made in Israel or that Jews control the media and financial markets in the United States and the rest of the world. ...Similarly, allegations that Jews were behind the 9/11 attacks were widely disseminated. <ref>[http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/40258.htm Report on Global Anti-Semitism], U.S. Department of State Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on International Relations, Released by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, January 5, 2005. </ref>

In the United States, [[Democratic Party|Democratic]] Senator [[Ernest Hollings]] was recently ostracized for public criticism of the Bush Administration <ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20040506-20051231re_/http://hollings.senate.gov/~hollings/opinion/2004506A17.html Bush's failed Mideast policy is creating more terrorism], U.S. Senator Ernest F. Hollings, Charleston Post and Courier, 6 May 2004.</ref> considered to be anti-Semitic. <ref>[http://www.adl.org/PresRele/ASUS_12/4496_12.htm Anti-Semitism: USA, ADL Urges Senator Hollings to Disavow Statements on Jews and the Iraq War], ADL Press Release, New York, 14 May 2004. </ref> On March 3, 2003 Rep. [[James Moran]] (D-Va.) said, "If it were not for the strong support of the Jewish community for this war with Iraq, we would not be doing this". <ref>[http://judaism.about.com/library/2_antisemitism/bl_moran_iraq.htm Are Jews Behind the War on Iraq?] A Case of Classical Anti-Semitism. </ref> Some supporters of the anti-[[Iraq War]] movement have been accused of anti-Semitism, including a group known as ANSWER-[[Act Now to Stop War and End Racism]], one of the first organizations formed to protest the policies of the Bush administration after 9/11. <ref>[http://www.forward.com/articles/the-%E2%80%98answer%E2%80%99-question-poses-difficult-choices/ "The 'Answer' Question Poses Difficult Choices for Liberals"] by Gal Beckerman, ''The Forward'', September 30, 2005. </ref> <ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20041019075845/http://www.tikkun.org/magazine/index.cfm/action/tikkun/issue/tik0305/article/030512a.html Authoritarianism and Anti-Semitism in the Anti-War Movement?]. ''Tikkun'', May/June 2003. Link is to page on the Internet Archive, archived Oct 19, 2004.</ref>

Liberal activist [[Cindy Sheehan]], though she found popular support among [[leftist]]s and the mainstream media, was condemned for her outspoken anti-Semitic conspiracy theories. <ref>[http://www.davidduke.com/index.php?p=350 Why Cindy Sheehan is Right!], David Duke, 8/14/2005.</ref> Sheehan traveled to [[Venezuela]] <ref>[http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/40258.htm Report on Global Anti-Semitism] U. S. Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor, January 5, 2005. </ref> to appear with Venezuelan dictator, [[Hugo Chavez]] to denounce U.S. foreign policy which she blames as responsible for the death of her son.

While the traditional American left's hatred for Jews and Jewish traditions has been well documented, some antisemitism watchdog groups have unfairly equated critizizing the state of Israel with hatred of Jewish culture. Conservative commentator and former Nixon speechwriter [[Patrick Buchanan]] has been decried as an antisemite because of his criticism of [[Israel]] as well as his support of Nazi war criminals facing deportation from the United States. In addition, Buchanan's statements such as calling [[Adolf Hitler]] a "man of great courage" have been taken out of context and misrepresented in the Liberal media.<ref> http://www.jdl.org/action/action/jab.shtml</ref>

The number of anti-Semitic incidents in Britain increased by 34 percent in 2006. <ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,290187,00.html Increase in Anti-Semitic Violence Troubles Jews in Britain] by Donald Snyder, Fox News, July 20, 2007</ref>

==See also==
[[Wandering Jew]]

[[Blood libel|Blood Libel]]

==References==
<references/>
[[Category:culture]]

Patrick Buchanan

2007-07-23T20:40:17Z

Federalist12: Buchanan is an outspoken critic of the 2003 Iraq War

'''Patrick Joseph Buchanan''' is a noted [[conservative]] commentator, author, and three-time candidate for [[President of the United States]].

==Background==
Pat Buchanan was born November 2, 1938 in [[Washington, D.C.]]. He is a lifelong [[Roman Catholic]]. He earned his bachelor's degree from [[Georgetown University]] in 1961 and his master's degree in journalism from [[Columbia University]] in 1962.

At age 23 he was hired by the ''[[St. Louis Globe-Democrat]]'' as an editorial writer. He was a supporter of the [[Barry Goldwater]] campaign for President in 1964.

==Government service==
In 1965, Buchanan was hired by the law firm of [[Richard Nixon]], and the next year, as a researcher for the Nixon Presidential campaign. Following Nixon's 1968 victory, Buchanan worked as a [[speechwriter]] and White House special assistant for the Nixon Administration and the [[Gerald Ford|Ford]] Administration.

Buchanan also served as White House Communications Director during the [[Ronald Reagan]] administration, from 1985 to 1987.

==News commentator==
Buchanan became a radio commentator starting in the 1970s, and a regular on ''[[The McLaughlin Group]]'' and [[CNN]]'s ''[[Crossfire]]'' starting in the early 1980s.

==Presidential campaigns==
Buchanan has run for President three times. In 1992, he sought the [[Republican Party]] nomination against then-President [[George H.W. Bush]]. Many conservatives were alienated from the first Bush administration's policies, especially his reneging on his "read my lips, no new taxes" pledge and his frequent use of the term, "[[New World Order]]" to describe his [[foreign policy]] goals. Buchanan offered conservatives who were disillusioned by the Bush Administration a choice in the 1992 primaries. Buchanan came in a distant second in the primaries but is remembered for his fiery keynote speech at the 1992 Republican convention.

In 1996, Buchanan sought the Republican nomination again, and pulled an upset victory in the [[New Hampshire]] primary. However, after [[Bob Dole]] emerged as the clear favorite after the [[Super Tuesday]] primaries, Buchanan suspended his campaign.

In 2000, Buchanan left the Republican Party and announced his intention to seek the [[Reform Party]] nomination for President. He easily won the Reform Party nomination over his main rival for the nomination, [[John Hagelin]], but carried only about 1/4 of 1% of the votes in the general election, coming in fourth place behind [[George W. Bush]], [[Al Gore]], and [[Ralph Nader]].

==Author==
Since the end of the [[Cold War]], Pat Buchanan has been largely identified with the [[paleoconservative]] wing of the conservative movement. As such he is an opponent of [[free trade]], a critic of mass [[immigration]], and a critic of foreign policy interventionism such as the [[Iraq War]], positions which put him at odds with the [[neoconservative]]s. He has written several books on these and other topics:

* ''Right from the Beginning'' (1988)
* ''The Great Betrayal: How American Sovereignty and Social Justice Are Being Sacrificed to the Gods of the Global Economy'' (1998)
* ''A Republic, Not an Empire: Reclaiming America's Destiny'' (1999)
* ''The Death of the West: How Dying Populations and Immigrant Invasions Imperil Our Country and Civilization'' (2002)
* ''Where the Right Went Wrong: How Neoconservatives Subverted the Reagan Revolution and Hijacked the Bush Presidency'' (2004)
* ''State of Emergency: The Third World Invasion and Conquest of America'' (2006)

He is also a co-founder and founding editor of ''[[The American Conservative]]'' magazine.

[[Category: Anti-war movement]]