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User:Gochargers

2012-10-03T19:24:22Z

Gochargers: Created page with "I love whiskey, chicken, and success."

I love whiskey, chicken, and success.

Cape Cod

2012-10-03T19:23:37Z

Gochargers:

'''Cape Cod''' is a peninsula in the state of [[Massachusetts]] which is a popular summer vacation area for much of [[New England]]. It is associated with the [[pilgrims]] who landed in America in nearby [[Plymouth]] on November 11, 1620. It's biggest city is [[Provincetown]].

[[Category:Massachusetts]]

New York City

2012-09-28T18:04:23Z

Gochargers:

{{City
|picture =Liberty2.jpg
|picture2 =
|map =
|country =United States
|state =New York
|region =
|settled =1624
|charter =
|population =19,750,000
|area =6,720
|density =1,104
|mayor =Michael Bloomberg
|demonym =New Yorker
}}

[[File:Nyc1.jpg|thumb|450px|the center of the metropolitan area, which stretches into Connecticut (to the northeast) and New Jersey (to the west)]]
'''New York City''', officially the '''City of New York''', is a city and metropolitan area in the state of [[New York]], located on the East coast of the [[United States of America]]. New York City is known best for the [[New York Stock Exchange]] and financial district, its [[liberal media]], its [[liberal]] [[Broadway]] shows, and its high cost of living. Shows broadcast from New York City include the David Letterman Show, the Colbert Report, Saturday Night Live, and FoxNews; New York City is also where the major networks grew in influence: ABC, CBS, and NBC.

With a population of 19 million in the three-state metropolitan area (and 8,140,000 in the city as in 2005), it is the most populous urban area in the [[United States]]. The city is divided into five different counties, called boroughs. Manhattan is the financial, commercial, and tourist center. Brooklyn is the most populous of the boroughs, and suburban Queens is the largest in area. The other two boroughs are The Bronx, a downscale residential area, and suburban Staten Island. The modern city was formed in 1898 through a merger of the original New York City with Brooklyn.
 
New York City is the cultural capital of the world; it has global importance in fashion, finance, news, diplomacy, education, medicine and arts. The city is a world-class tourist destination. It contains many landmarks, including the [[Statue of Liberty]], [[Wall Street]], in Lower Manhattan, and many others. The city (along with its #2 rival Chicago) invented the skyscraper, and still has some of the tallest buildings in the world, like [[Empire State Building]]; the [[World Trade Center]] towers were destroyed by terrorists in the September 11, 2001 attacks. [[File:Gotham1.jpg|thumb|220px]]
==Transportation==
New York owes its success to its status as the major hub of world transportation by air and water. It grew because it has one of the world's finest natural harbors. It is ice-free year-round and deep enough to enable large ships to reach its piers regardless of the tide. The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey was established in 1921 by the two states in order to administer jointly the shared waterfront. Most traffic is now handled through containers. Three major airports serve the city: John F. Kennedy International Airport (for international travel) and La Guardia Airport (for domestic travel), as well as nearby Newark International Airport. All are operated by the Port Authority, which also runs the bridges and subways.

When [[Hurricane Irene]] was headed for the city in August 2011 following a harsh winter, the MTA (Metropolitan Transportation Authority) shut down all its commuter rail, subway and buses. This move was criticized by some as excessively cautious.

== History ==
The first Dutch settlers arrived on Manhattan in 1624, naming the town New Amsterdam. Indian claims were bought out for the equivalent of $24. The Dutch sent settlers up the Hudson River (which is easily navigable by sailing vessels) to Albany. The Dutch colony, named New Amsterdam, was run in autocratic fashion by Governor Peter Stuyvesant. It soon had a cosmopolitan flavor, with freedom of religion and numerous ethnic and religious groups; the Dutch brought slaves as house servants.<ref>Slavery was finally abolished in 1799.</ref> The city was captured in war by the British in 1664; they renamed both the city and the colony for the duke of York (who later became King [[James II]]).
[[File:Nyc2.jpg|thumb|450px|Manhattan neighborhoods]]
The use of [[Ellis Island]] as the checkpoint for millions of European immigrants in the late 1800s caused New York City's population to swell, as many settled in nearby areas.

[[Image:800px-Times Square Panorama1.jpg|thumb|800px|center|Times Square.]]

== Politics ==

New York City is historically considered a liberal city, with the majority of the population voting Democratic. However, the mayor has recently been [[Republican]] (Rudy Giuliani) or independent (Michael Bloomberg). [[Fox News Channel]] is based in NYC. Of the 13 congressional districts that include parts of New York City, two are represented by Republicans ([[Michael Grimm]] of [[Staten Island]] and [[Bob Turner]] of Queens).

== Culture ==
[[Image:Duke Ellington Statue.jpg|thumb|[[Duke Ellington]] Statue.]]
New York City is home to top-notch museums in [[art]], [[architecture]], photography, natural history, television, radio and technology, like: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, The Frick Collection, the National Design Museum, the Museum of Natural History,
and the National Academy Museum and School of Fine Arts. <ref>[http://www.ny.com/museums/mile.html Museums in New York City] </ref>

Featured cultural sites are:

•Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts

•Carnegie Hall

•Radio City Music Hall

•Hayden Planetarium

•New York Aquarium

•The Morgan Library

•New York Public Library

•Rose Center for Earth and Space

•International Center of Photography

•Empire State Building Lobby Gallery

•SculptureCenter

•Museum of Biblical Art

•Staten Island Institute of Arts & Sciences

•Center for Architecture

•Studio Museum in Harlem

==Boroughs==

Each of New York City's [[borough]]s is [[coterminous]] with a [[county]] in the State of New York. The five boroughs are:
* [[Manhattan]] (New York County)
* [[Brooklyn]] (Kings County)
* [[Queens]] (Queens County)
* [[The Bronx]] (Bronx County)
* [[Staten Island]] (Richmond County)

Unlike the [[London]] boroughs, the boroughs of New York City do not operate as [[local government]]s. All of the non-Manhattan boroughs are sometimes referred to collectively as "the outer boroughs" as they are arranged in a sort of semicircle around Manhattan.

Many places have been proposed as "Sixth Boroughs," which can carry a different meaning depending on who is asked. Some areas often cited as "Sixth Boroughs" include:
* [[Hudson County]], [[New Jersey]]
* [[Nassau County]], [[Long Island]], [[New York]]
* [[Westchester County]], [[New York]]
* [[Newark]], [[New Jersey]]
* [[Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]]

== See also ==

[[Image:NYC.jpg|thumb|400px|Historic Manhattan]]
* [[The Bronx]]
*[[Fiorello La Guardia]]
*[[Art cities]]
*[[Washington, D.C.]]
*[[New York Yankees]]

== External links ==

*[http://www.ny.com/museums/museum.of.american.financial.history.html Museum of American Financial History.]
*[http://www.metmuseum.org/ The Met.]
*[http://www.nyc-arts.org/ NYC ARTS.]
*[http://www.nycwalk.com/rock.html A Walking Tour of Rockefeller Center's Public Art.]
==Further reading==
[[Image:Prometheus Fountain at the Rockefeller Center.jpg|thumb|240px|Prometheus Fountain at the Rockefeller Center.]]
* Burrows, Edwin G., and Mike Wallace. ''Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898'' (2000) [http://www.amazon.com/Gotham-History-York-City-1898/dp/0195140494/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1262334804&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search], the best history; Pulitzer prize
* Caro, Robert. ''The Power Broker: Robert Moses and the Fall of New York.'' (1973) [http://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/0394720245/ref=sib_dp_pt#reader-link excerpt and text search]
* Jackson, Kenneth, ed. ''The Encyclopedia of New York City'' (1995), the best reference book; 1350pp; [http://www.amazon.com/Encyclopedia-New-York-City/dp/0300055366/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1240594479&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Jackson, Kenneth and Sam Roberts, eds. ''The Almanac of New York City'' (2008)
* Kessner, Thomas. ''Fiorello H. LaGuardia and the Making of Modern New York'' (1989) the most detailed standard scholarly biography
* Slayton, Robert A. ''Empire Statesman: The Rise and Redemption of Al Smith,'' (2001), 480pp, the standard scholarly biography; [http://www.amazon.com/Empire-Statesman-Rise-Redemption-Smith/dp/1416567771/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1196822024&sr=1-2 excerpt and text search]

==References==
*[http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0763098.html Information Please - Top 50 Cities in the U.S.]
<references/>

[[Category:New York Cities and Towns]]
[[Category:New York City]]
[[category:Urban History]]

Elephant

2012-09-28T14:07:27Z

Gochargers:

{{Taxonomy
|name=Elephant
|image=elephant.jpg
|caption=
|superkingdom=
|kingdom= Animalia
|subkingdom=
|superphylum=
|phylum=Chordata
|subphylum=Vertebrata
|infraphylum=
|microphylum=
|superdivision=
|division=
|subdivision=
|superclass=
|class=Mammalia
|subclass=
|infraclass=
|superorder=
|order=Proboscidea
|suborder=
|infraorder=
|superfamily=Elephantoidea
|family=Elephantidae
|subfamily=
|supertribe=
|tribe=
|subtribe=
|genera=
|genus=Loxodonta Elephas
|subgenus=
|species=L. africana L. cyclotis E. maximus
|binomialname=
|sub=
|alt=
}}
'''Elephants''' are three species of large land mammals belonging to the family Elephantidae - the only extant family belonging to the order Proboscidea. The three elephant species currently recognized by scientists are the African [[Bush]] Elephant (''Loxodonta africana''), the African [[Forest]] Elephant (''Loxodonta cyclotis''), and the Asian, or Indian, Elephant (''Elephas maximus''). Centuries of hunting elephants for their ivory has reduced the population of these animals. Renewed efforts at stewardship have caused a population boom, with the number of elephants in Africa alone tripling in the last decade.

Elephants are the largest land animals alive today. Apart from their massive size their most striking features are a long trunk, or proboscis, a flexible nose strong enough to lift objects, their huge [[ivory]] tusks, and their large flapping ears, used to keep them cool.

Bull elephants, when inclined to mate, enter a frenzied state called ''musth''; they fight with each other for possession of the cow elephants, and become a menace to everything in their path; many humans are killed at this time. Elephants' gestation period, at 22 months, is the longest of any land mammal. At birth it is common for an elephant calf to weigh 120 kg (265 lb). An elephant may live as long as 70 years, sometimes longer.

The largest elephant ever recorded (the Fenykovi elephant, now in the [[Smithsonian Institution]]) was shot in [[Angola]] in 1955<ref>http://siarchives.si.edu/history/exhibits/thisday/march.htm</ref>. It was male and weighed about 10.7 tonnes (12 U.S. tons), with a shoulder height of 4 metres (13 feet, 2 inches). <ref>http://www.cardcow.com/151863/african-bush-elephant-animals-elephants/</ref>

==Uses of Elephants==
[[Image:Elephant2.jpg|left]]
Elephants (today generally Indian, but historically African elephants also) have been used as beasts of burden and draught animals, as mounts in processions and in war (notably by [[Hannibal]]), playing [[polo]], and as [[circus]] performers. They are also popular for tourist rides in [[Thailand]]. Elephants are often hunted for the ivory in their tusks.

==Similar and related species==

From a molecular and morphological point of view, [[hyrax]]es and [[Sirenia]]ns (sea cows and manatees) are the most similar living creatures to elephants<ref>Hidenori Nishihara et al. A Retroposon Analysis of Afrotherian Phylogeny. ''Molecular Biology and Evolution'' '''22''': 1823-1833,</ref>, and these groups are hypothesized by evolutionists to have shared a common ancestor approximately 50 million years ago.
Creationists say that each [[baraminology|kind]] was separately created, and that two of the elephant kind were on board [[Noah's Ark]], and from these all elephants alive today are descended.

The three extant species of elephant are sole survivors of a much more diverse Proboscidian fauna with some 170 described [[fossil]] species and including species of [[mammoth]] from [[North America]] and the massive ''Deinotherium'', the second largest land mammal that ever lived, which sported two downward facing tusks. According to Young Earth Creationists, some extinct elephants may represent species that did not survive the [[Great Flood]], while some other more recently extinct species represent descendents of the two on board [[Noah's Ark]]. Regardless, extinct and living elephants represent a distinct [[holobaramin]] separate from other mammals.

==Trivia==

*A ''white elephant'' (from the historical veneration of such animals in Southeast Asia) is the term for a possession whose initial and upkeep cost exceeds its use (in most cases income), making it an overall liability.
*An elephant is the symbol of America's [[Republican Party]].
*Elephants are the only mammals that can't jump.
* In children's stories, elephants are often an exemplary member of a tight knit community. In stories such as ''Dumbo'',''Babar'' and ''Horton Hears a Who'' as such examples.

==Also See==
*[[Elephant in the living room]]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Mammals]]
[[category:Pachyderms]]