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Mossad

2011-12-08T05:12:01Z

HarryFlashman: /* Operation Susannah */

[[Image:Mossadlogo.png|right|thumb|Mossad Logo]]
The '''Ha-Mosad le-Modi'in u-le-Tafkidim Meyuchadim''' ([[Hebrew]]: המוסד למודיעין ולתפקידים מיוחדים, ''The Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations''), or '''Mossad''' (''The Institute'') is [[Israel|Israel's]] intelligence agency, with headquarters in [[Tel Aviv]]. Their motto is Proverbs 11:14- "For lack of guidance a nation falls, but many advisers make victory sure."<ref>{{hnb|Mossad|2007}}</ref>
==Functions ==
According to the official Israeli Secret Intelligence Service web site, the Mossad carries out operations in many fields including:<ref>{{hnb|Mossad|2007}}</ref>
*Covert intelligence gathering beyond Israel’s borders.
*Preventing the development and procurement of non-conventional weapons by hostile countries.
*Preventing terrorist acts against Israeli targets abroad.
*Developing and maintaining special diplomatic and other covert relations.
*Bringing Jews home from countries where official Aliya agencies are not allowed to operate.
*Producing strategic, political and operational intelligence.
*Planning and carrying out special operations beyond Israel’s borders.

== Structure ==
Mossad is based in [[Tel Aviv]]. Estimates for the number of staff is between 1,000 and 2,000. As it is a civilian service there are no military ranks, though most members of Mossad have served in the [[IDF]]. Applications can be completed online.<ref>[https://www.mossad.gov.il/Eng/recruit/Register/Explanations.aspx Online application form]</ref> There are assumed to be 8 departments, each one having specific responsibilities. Some of the details about the agency are unknown. The largest department is the Collections department. It is responsible for espionage and intelligence gathering abroad. Political Actions and Liaison communicates with other foreign intelligence agencies. The Special Operations (METSADA) department performs the assassinations, the sabotage, and the paramilitary and psychological operations. The LAP (Lohamah Psichlogit) Department conducts psychological warfare, propaganda and deception operations. The Research department is responsible for producing intelligence reports from 15 different geographical areas. The Technology department develops surveillance and weaponry. <ref>[http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/israel/mossad.htm GlobalSecurity.org profile]</ref>

== History ==
Mossad was formed on 13 [[December]] 1949 by [[Prime Minister]] [[David Ben Gurion]]. It was founded based on the recommendation of [[Reuven Shiloah]] in order to create a central body to coordinate the activities of the three previous security organizations: the Army intelligence, the Foreign Office, and the General Security Service ("[[Shabak]]").

<blockquote style="background: #F9F9F9; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: .3em;">
SECRET 

To: The Foreign Ministry 

From: The Prime Minister 

Upon my instructions, an institute is being established to co-ordinate state intelligence agencies (the Military Intelligence Department, the Foreign Ministry, the State Department, the General Security Agency, etc.) I have charged Reuben Shiloah, Foreign Ministry adviser for special projects, to organize and head the institute. Reuben Shiloah will report to me. He will act upon my instructions and will submit regular working reports to me. For administrative purposes, his office will be part of the foreign ministry. I have instructed R. Shiloah to submit a manpower and budget proposal for 1950-51 for approximately IL20,000, IL5,000 of which will be used for special operations, contingent on my prior authorization. You are hereby requested to add this sum to the foreign ministry budget for 1950-51. 
Signed
 
D. Ben Gurion<ref>[http://www.mossad.gov.il/About/Ben-Gurion.pdf Ben Gurion's letter to the Foreign Office]</ref> 
</blockquote> 
Initially it reported to the Foreign Ministry, but in 1951 it became part of the Prime Ministers office, thereby reporting directly to him.

=== Operation Susannah ===
Operation Susannah was a [[false flag]] operation conducted in 1954 by [[Israel|Israeli]]-backed terrorists in Egypt against [[United States|American]] and [[United Kingdom|British]] targets, designed to appear as though Egyptian Arabs had carried out the attacks. Israeli agents had infiltrated Egyptian society and recruited Egyptian-born Jews to carry out the operation.
The U.S. Information Agency libraries in Alexandria and Cairo as well as a British-owned theater were bombed on July 14, 1954. No injuries or casualties occurred during the bombings, except to one of the bombers, when his bomb exploded prematurely. Egyptian authorities uncovered the operation, initially not realizing it was an Israeli operation. After the Israeli spy ring was broken up, trials followed. Two suspects were acquitted, while two culprits were hanged, and several others were sentenced to lengthy prison terms. One or two other operatives committed suicide.

Israeli defense minister Pinhas Lavon was forced to resign in 1955. Consequently, the aftermath of Operation Susannah is often called ''The Levon Affair''.

The operation was named after the fiancé of one of the Israeli commanders, Shoshana, and was triggered when the distinctly American song ''Oh Susannah'' was played on an Israeli radio station.

On March 30, 2005 [[Israel Defense Forces|IDF]], Chief of General Staff Lieutenant General Moshe Ya’alon presented official citations to the three surviving agents and to representatives of those deceased, saying: "This is historic justice for those who were sent on a mission on behalf of the state and became the victims of a complex political affair."<ref>{{hnb|Cashman|2005}}</ref>

=== Eichmann's capture ===
Mossad is most famous for successfully tracking down and capturing [[Nazi]] [[war criminal]] [[Adolf Eichmann]]. In 1960, Mossad learned that Eichmann was in [[Argentina]]. After tracking him down and watching him for some time, Mossad agents kidnapped him as he got off his bus.<ref>[http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/813770.html Haggai Hitron, ''The monster is in handcuffs', ''Haaretz'', January 16, 2007]</ref> He was then smuggled out of Argentina to [[Israel]]. Eichmann was tried, convicted, and hanged on June 1st, 1962.

=== Lillehammer Affair ===
On July 21, 1973 in Lillehammer, Norway the Mossad conducted an assassination of an innocent Moroccan waiter they falsely believed to have been responsible for the [[Black September]] terrorist attacks. This was done in front of his pregnant wife.<ref>http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2000/mar/02/israel</ref> The Israeli government has refused to claim responsibility for the murder, though they provided compensation to the victim's family. <ref>http://www.nytimes.com/1996/01/28/world/world-news-briefs-israelis-to-compensate-family-of-slain-waiter.html</ref>

==Trial ''in absentia''==

In 1991 the publication of a book entitled ''By Way of Deception'' by former Mossad operative Victor Ostrovsky created quite a stir in discussing some of the operations of the Israeli government and Mossad. Ostovsky told of the Israeli Cabinet’s use of trial ''in absentia'' for enemies of the Jewish people. While trial ''in absentia'' is not recognized in Anglo-American jurisprudence, it has been used in the [[Soviet Union]] and other countries formerly referred to as the [[Eastern bloc]]. The [[fifth amendment]] to the U.S. Constitution guarantees the rights of the accused to face their accusers, this provision was waived however during the [[Nuremberg War Crimes Tribunal]] <ref>[https://law.wustl.edu/journal/1/p13arbour.pdf The Prosecution of International Crimes: Prospects and Pitfalls,] Justice Louise Arbour, Presentation given at the Holocaust Memorial Lecturer, Washington University on 28 October 1998.
Justice Arbour was appointed the Chief Prosecutor for the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda by the United Nations Security Council in 1996. Justice Arbour served during a leave-of-absence from her position as a Justice of the Ontario Court of Appeals.</ref> in the case of [[Martin Bormann]], <ref>[http://killeenroos.com/5/NAZISTUF.htm#Borman German Nazi Party of World War II, Bormann]
Retrieved from the Killeen Harker Heights Connections collection, 05/26/07. </ref> [[Hitler]]’s chief adjutant. Bormann was indicted, found guilty, and sentenced to death ''[[in absentia]]''.

Ostrovsky describes how the government of Israel has assumed the responsibility for defending Jews worldwide against the enemies of the Jewish people. Ostrovsky declares the Israeli Cabinet will sit as a jury of sorts and hear cases, the Attorney General functioning as the prosecutor. A “public defender” of sorts is appointed to argue the Defendant’s case ''in absentia'' when an individual may be accused of committing crimes against the Jewish people. The most famous high profile case is [[Adolf Eichmann]], whose kidnapping from Argentina created an international controversy in 1963; a citizen of one country, had been kidnapped for committing crimes in another country, to stand trial in a third country, which did not exist at the time the crimes occurred. <ref>Simon Wiesenthal, ''The Murderers Among Us'', Paris: Opera Mundi, 1967.</ref>

During the secret cabinet proceedings, evidence is presented by the prosecution, the appointed defense counsel makes a defense, and the Cabinet as whole votes upon guilt or innocence. A second vote then occurs on whether to dispatch Mossad to apprehend the individual to stand public trial in Israel, as was the case with Eichmann, or to pass the [[death sentence]]. If the death sentence is passed, then the Israeli Prime Minister excising sovereignty must sign a death warrant ordering Mossad to do the execution, as is alleged to be the cases with [[Gerald Bull]] and [[Robert Maxwell]].

The contrast here with American law is (1) the President has sole power under law through issuance of a [[Presidential Finding]] to order assassinations, whereas in Israel it is a collective decision; (2) double jeopardy clause in cases where public trial is held; and (3) rights of the accused to face their accusers.

== Directors ==
The following is a list of Mossad Directors:
* Reuven Shiloah, 1951-1952
* Isser Harel, 1952-1963
* Meir Amit, 1963-1968
* Zvi Zamir, 1968-1974
* Yitzhak Hofi, 1974-1982
* Nahum Admoni, 1982-1989
* Shabtai Shavit, 1989-1996
* Danny Yatom, 1996-1998
* Ephraim Halevy, 1998-2002
* Meir Dagan, 2002-Present

==See also==
*[[Capital punishment]]

== References ==
<references/>

== Sources ==

*{{Harvard reference
| Surname = ARIW
| Given = Ayn Rand Institute Watch
| Year = 2007
| Title = The Lavon Affair
| Publisher = ARI Watch
| URL = http://www.ariwatch.com/OurAlly/TheLavonAffair.htm
}} Retrieved on 05-18-2007
*{{Harvard reference
| Surname = Cashman
| Given = Greer Fay
| Year = 2005
| Date = 2005-03-31
| Title = Egyptian-Jewish spy ring gets belated salute
| Publisher = The Jerusalem Post
| URL = http://www.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull&cid=1112152825836
}} Article reproduced [http://newsmine.org/archive/war-on-terror/israel/mossad/egyptian-jewish-spy-ring-gets-belated-salute.txt here]. Retrieved on 05-18-2007
*{{Harvard reference
| Surname = Mossad
| Given = Israeli Secret Intelligence Service
| Year = 2007
| Title = About Us
| Publisher = Israeli Secret Intelligence Service
| URL = http://www.mossad.gov.il/Eng/AboutUs.aspx
}} Retrieved on 05-18-2007
*{{Harvard reference
| Surname1 = Ostrovsky
| Given1 = Victor
| Surname2 = Hoy
| Given2 = Claire
| Year = 2002
| Title = By Way of Deception: The Making and Unmaking of a Mossad Officer
| Publisher = Wilshire Press Inc.
| ID = ISBN 978-0971759503
}}
*{{Harvard reference
| Surname = Security
| Given = Global
| Year = 2005
| Title = Mossad: The Institute for Intelligence and Special Tasks
| Publisher = GlobalSecurity.org
| URL = http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/israel/mossad.htm
}} Retrieved on 05-18-2007
*{{Harvard reference
| Surname = WRH
| Given = What Really Happened
| Year = 2007
| Title = The Lavon Affair: Is History Repeating Itself?
| Publisher = What Really Happened
| URL = http://www.whatreallyhappened.com/lavon.html
}} Retrieved on 05-18-2007 


[[Category:Espionage]]
[[Category:Israel]]
[[Category:Intelligence Agencies]]

Lenora Fulani

2011-12-08T05:09:36Z

HarryFlashman: What, there are RIGHT-wing Marxists?

'''Lenora Fulani''' is a [[Marxist]] who was the nominee of the [[New Alliance Party]] for [[POTUS|President]] in 1988 and 1992. In 1988 she was on the ballot in all 50 states. The New Alliance Party disbanded in 1994 and subsequently they all joined the [[Reform Party]] and attempted to take over the [[New York]] chapter of the party. Fulani ran more than once for office on the Reform Party ticket. She has never been elected to any public office. In 2000 she initially endorsed [[Patrick Buchanan]] for the Reform Party nomination, but changed her mind and opposed him after it became clear he was not going to back down from his [[pro-life]] views, which clashed with Fulani's pro-[[abortion]] views. The Fulani/Fred Newman faction has since been expelled from the New York Independence Party (formerly the NY Reform Party chapter) and she currently heads a group called the Committee for a United Independent Party (CUIP).

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fulani, Lenora}}
[[Category:Reform Party Politicians]]
[[Category:Liberal Activists]]

Battle of Folck's Mill

2011-12-08T05:08:33Z

HarryFlashman: Adding basic info

{{ACWbattle
|name=Battle of Folck's Mill Cumberland
|image=
|begin=August 1, 1864
|end=Same day
|place=Allegany County, Maryland
|theater=Eastern Theater
|campaign=Early’s Raid and Operations against the B&O Railroad
|result=Inconclusive
|combatants1=
|combatants2=
|commanders1=[[Benjamin F. Kelly]]Brigadier General, USA
|commanders2=[[John McCausland]]Brigadier General, CSA
|strength1=
|strength2=
|casualties1=38 total US and CS
|casualties2=38 total US and CS
}}
After burning Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, on July 30 1864, Johnson’s and McCausland’s Confederate cavalry brigades rode towards Cumberland, Maryland, to disrupt the B&O Railroad. Brig. Gen. Benjamin Kelly organized a small force of soldiers and citizens to meet the Confederate advance. On August 1, Kelly ambushed Rebel cavalrymen near Cumberland at Folck’s Mill, and skirmishing continued for several hours. Eventually the Confederates withdrew. (''NPS summary'')

{{Template:Campaignbox Early's Raid}}
{{Template:ACW Battles of 1864}}

[[Category:American Civil War Battles]]

Out-of-place artifact

2011-12-08T05:06:23Z

HarryFlashman: /* Modern technology in ancient times */ Crystal skulls are discredited. All known examples were made in Germany in the 19th century.

An '''out-of-place artifact''' (OOPA, OOPa, or OOPart) is any object displaying evidence of a technology that, according to [[uniformitarianism|uniformitarian]] or related paradigms, ought not exist in the particular [[geologic column|geologic stratum]] in which it rests. OOParts are one of the most troubling controversies for [[archaeology]] today.

== History of OOParts ==
The report in 1572 of a six-inch nail found in Peru and presented to the [[Viceroy]] of Peru as a gift<ref name=ta>"[http://www.bibleufo.com/embed.htm Embedded Anomalies: Evidence of Civilization Before the Accepted Creation Timeline]." ''[http://www.bibleufo.com/index.htm The Bible-UFO Connection],'' accessed March 31, 2008</ref> might be the oldest OOPart report on record. More than eighty OOParts have been alleged since then.

The significance of a six-inch nail is simply this: the [[Inca]]s, who inhabited Peru before [[Francisco Pizarro]] conquered it, did not nail their monuments together. The Incas did use metal, but did not make nails out of it. That is why the nail would be anachronistic to Inca culture.

== Types of OOParts ==
The OOParts fall into three main categories:
# Evidence of modern or even more-advanced technology from either an ancient culture (e.g. the Saqqara Bird in [[Egypt]]) or a location in a geologic stratum regarded as far too deep to be contemporary with man.
# Fossilized human remains. The alleged lack of such remains is one of the most common reasons cited to discount the Flood account.<ref name=Hodges>Hodges, Bodie. "The Flood: Whom Do You Trust?" Lecture delivered at the [[Creation Museum|Creation Museum and Family Discovery Center]], Petersburg, [[Kentucky]], [[USA]], March 28, 2008.</ref>
# Evidence of [[dinosaur]]-[[human]] cohabitation on [[earth]]. This varies from ancient artwork depicting creatures supposedly not discovered until centuries later, to side-by-side human and dinosaur tracks.

=== Modern technology in ancient times ===
These artifacts are found among other artifacts of an ancient culture. The difference between these and the other artifacts among which they are found is that they represent a technology that the civilization under study was not supposed to have. They include:

# The Baghdad Battery, an apparently spent dry cell in a six-inch yellow clay pot, found in the Baghdad Museum in 1938.<ref name=top10>Jochmans, Joseph R., PhD. "[http://www.rense.com/general3/top10.htm Top 10 Out-Of-Place Artifacts]." ''Atlantis Rising'', Issue 5 (Sep-Oct 1996). Now hosted by Jeff Rense. Accessed March 31, 2008.</ref><ref name=AncientX>"[http://www.ancientx.com/nm/anmviewer.asp?a=75&z=1 The 10 Most Puzzling Ancient Artifacts]." <http://www.ancientx.com/> Accessed May 22, 2008.</ref>
# The Dendera Tubes. More specifically, these are images on an Egyptian bas-relief of tube-like structures in the hands of Egyptian priests or acolytes. At least one electrical engineer has stated that the objects depicted in that bas-relief are Crookes tubes, which were the forerunners of the cathode-ray tubes still in common use in [[television]] receivers.<ref name=top10/>
# The Ashoka Pillar in Delhi, India. This wrought-iron shaft supposedly dates to an Indian king who died in 413 AD. The metal, which ought to have crumbled into rust long ago, remains in excellent condition.<ref name=top10/>
# The Antikythera Computer, a geared structure recovered in 1900 from the wreck of a merchant vessel that, to judge from the other cargo it carried, apparently sank sometime between 85 BC and 50 BC. This object was a highly sophisticated and easy-to-use [[orrery]] that predicted the annual motions of the [[sun]] and [[moon]] in the earth's sky.<ref name=top10/><ref name=AncientX/> (Note: Recent evidence suggests that it could have been a product of the post-Alexandrian civilization that flourished in the second century BC, mentioning as it does certain athletic competitions that were of strictly local interest during that period and since forgotten.<ref name=marchant>Marchant J, "[http://www.newscientist.com/blogs/shortsharpscience/2009/07/jo-marchant-consultant-from-sw.html World's first computer may be even older than thought]," ''New Scientist'', 29 July 2009.</ref>)
# The Saqqara Bird, a seven-[[inch]] object, first thought to be a [[bird]] figurine, but then recognized as a model [[airplane]]. This was found in 1898 in the tomb of Pa-Di-Imen and dates to 200 BC.<ref name=top10/><ref name=s8int>"[http://www.s8int.com/ OOParts and Ancient High Technology: Evidence of Noah's Flood]?" Accessed March 31, 2008.</ref><ref name=AncientX/>
# An Inca pendant, dated from 500 to 800 AD, that turns out to be a model of a high-speed aircraft, possibly a jet. More remarkably, the object's apparent rudder fin bears an engraved [[Hebrew]] or [[Aramaic]] letter beth.<ref name=top10/><ref name=s8int/>
# The Cabrera Stones. These are 20,000 stones that appear to be illustrations from a medical textbook. The surgical techniques depicted in these illustrations rival or even far surpass any surgical techniques in use today, and even include encephalic transplantation.<ref name=top10/><ref name=AncientX/>
# The Dropa Stones. Chi Pu Tei found these in a cavern in the Baian-Kara-Ula mountains in China. These are nine-inch disks, each with a hole in the center and an intricate spiral groove that is actually densely etched with hieroglyphs. These objects, dated about 10,000 years old, speak of the crash-landing of multiple spacecraft all piloted and crewed by a people calling themselves the Dropa. Human remains were also found in that same cavern.<ref name=AncientX/>

=== Modern technology in deep time ===
These are artifacts buried in geological strata where no artifact of any human civilization, ancient or modern, ought to exist, or at the very least are in strata that are supposed to be older than the oldest written records.

# The Bullet-Punctured Skull of Zambia, a human cranium, supposedly of the paleolithic era, that bears evidence that the person involved was shot to death with a rifle. Local geological evidence indicates (by uniformitarian standards) that the skull is 38,000 years old.<ref name=top10/>
# The Wonderstone Spheroids, now numbering 200 or more, found in a silver mine in South Africa. They are of a nickel-steel alloy that cannot have occurred outside a laboratory or a steel mill. Nor could they be meteoric; the composition does not match that of any meteorite thus far found. A museum curator has observed one of these spheroids rotating within its setting, apparently under its own power. Yet the miners who excavated these spheroids found them in a stratum that, according to [[uniformitarianism]], ought to be 3 billion years old.<ref name=top10/><ref name=AncientX/>
# A brass bell with an iron clapper, found in a lump of coal. Uniformitarians commonly insist that all the coal in the world formed 280 to 300 million years ago.<ref name=disc>"[http://www.discoverynews.us/OOPART.html Ooparts (Out of Place Artifacts)]." ''Discovery News''. Accessed March 31, 2008.</ref>
# The Coso Artifact, a porcelain-and-metal object in a hexagonal casing with a spring at one end. Witnesses have said that this object resembles a modern spark plug. This was found in rock that, according to uniformitarian models, should have taken 500,000 years to form.<ref name=AncientX/>
# An iron pot found within a lump of coal in Thomas, Oklahoma. The same consideration applies to this object as applies to the bell mentioned above.<ref name=disc/><ref name=AncientX/>
# The London Hammer, a hammer found in limestone in the Cretaceous stratum, supposedly 140 million years old.<ref name=disc/>
# An obvious notch, made with an ax, in a lump of petrified wood in the [[Petrified Forest]] of [[Arizona]], [[USA]].<ref name=disc/>

=== Human fossils ===
Fossilized human remains, especially any such remains found buried in [[deep time]], are among the most striking evidences against the uniformitarian model.
# A fossilized human finger found in the Cretaceous Walnut Formation of the Commanche Peak limestone deposit.<ref name=disc/><ref name=cem1>Lines, David. "[http://75.125.60.6/~creatio1/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=28 The Fossilized Human Finger]." [[Creation Evidence Museum]] online, 1995. Accessed March 31, 2008.</ref> The ''in situ'' provenance of the finger is lacking. But if this object proves genuine, then it might represent long-sought remains of a casualty of the [[Great Flood]].
# Skulls and other bones found within coal.<ref name=s8int/><ref name=conrad>Conrad, Ed. "[http://www.edconrad.com/oldascoal/index.html Man as Old as Coal]." Accessed March 31, 2008.</ref>
# Malachite Man, consisting of the remains of ten individuals in a supposed 140-million-year-old stratum. Some of the bones have been partially petrified with malachite, a peculiar greenish mineral. Petrified human bones would be even more likely to represent Flood casualties.<ref name=malachite>Patton, Don. "[http://www.bible.ca/tracks/malachite-man.htm Official World Site Malachite Man]." ''[http://www.bible.ca/bible.htm The Interactive Bible].'' Accessed March 31, 2008.</ref>
# A human handprint in limestone.<ref name=AncientX/>
# A human footprint in shale.<ref name=AncientX/>

=== Dinosaur-human cohabitation ===
{{main|Dinosaur#Dinosaur-like creatures in history and modern sightings}}

These are artifacts, artworks, or physical signs that humans and dinosaurs walked the earth together.
# Stone depictions of [[stegosaurus]] in Khmer temple art.<ref name=disc/><ref name=Patton>Patton, Don, and Swift, Dennis. "[http://www.bible.ca/tracks/tracks-cambodia.htm Dinosaurs in ancient Cambodian temple]." ''[http://www.bible.ca/bible.htm The Interactive Bible].'' Accessed March 31, 2008.</ref>
# Clay figurines of obvious dinosaurs found at Acambaro, Mexico.<ref name=disc/><ref name=disc2>"[http://www.discoverynews.us/dino_figurines.html Discovered: Thousands of Dinosaur Figurines from Mexico]." Accessed March 31, 2008.</ref>

== In popular culture ==
[[Hollywood]] has lately noticed the OOParts debate. Producer [[George Lucas]] and director [[Steven Spielberg]] have now made a new [[motion picture|film]] based on a hypothetical explanation of the crystal skulls of Belize.<ref name=IndianaJones>''[http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0367882/ Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull].'' Produced by [[George Lucas]]. Directed by [[Steven Spielberg]]. With [[Harrison Ford]], [[Cate Blanchett]], [[Karen Allen]], [[John Hurt]], et al. Paramount Pictures Corporation, Lucasfilm Limited, and Amblin Entertainment, 2008. Released May 22, 2008.</ref>

== Discussion ==
For a complete discussion on the possible significance of OOParts, see [[Essay: Out-of-place Artifacts, ET's, and the Great Flood]].

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:Archaeology]]
[[Category:Geology]]
[[Category:Paleontology]]

Thessalonian

2011-12-08T05:04:31Z

HarryFlashman:

The '''Thessalonians''' were inhabitants of ancient Thessalonica, now known as Salonika in [[Greece]]. They are known best as the recipients of two letters written by [[St. Paul]] to the [[Christian]] Thessalonians, known as [[First Letter of Paul to the Thessalonians|I Thessalonians]] and [[Second Letter of Paul to the Thessalonians|II Thessalonians]].

[[Category:Ancient History]]