Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Status quo

2008-05-03T21:54:44Z

Hayden5650: Reference

'''Status quo''' is a [[list of Latin phrases|Latin term]] meaning the present, existing state of affairs. To maintain the status quo is to keep the things the way they currently are. The related phrase ''[[status quo ante]]'', means "the state of things as it was before."

==References==
[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/status%20quo Dictionary.com definition]

Status quo

2008-05-03T21:43:27Z

Hayden5650: New page: '''Status quo''' is a Latin term meaning the present, existing state of affairs. To maintain the status quo is to keep the things the way they currently are. The ...

NPOV

2008-05-03T12:54:30Z

Hayden5650: format

'''NPOV''' is an acronym which stands for '''N'''eutral '''P'''oint '''o'''f '''V'''iew.

NPOV

2008-05-03T12:54:04Z

Hayden5650: New page: '''NPOV''' is an acronym which stands for '''N'''eutral '''Point''' '''o'''f '''V'''iew.

'''NPOV''' is an acronym which stands for '''N'''eutral '''Point''' '''o'''f '''V'''iew.

Seer

2008-05-03T12:47:24Z

Hayden5650: New page: A '''Seer''' is somebody with supposed supernatural powers, often with the ability to predict the future.

A '''Seer''' is somebody with supposed supernatural powers, often with the ability to predict the future.

Coptic language

2008-05-03T12:44:26Z

Hayden5650: space

'''Coptic''' is a [[language]] formerly spoken in [[Egypt]], a later form of ancient Egyptian and one of the Afro-Asiatic languages. Coptic survives as the liturgical language of Egyptian Monophysite Christians, the Coptic Church.

Coptic language

2008-05-03T12:44:11Z

Hayden5650: New page: '''Coptic'''is a language formerly spoken in Egypt, a later form of ancient Egyptian and one of the Afro-Asiatic languages. Coptic survives as the liturgical language of Egyptian M...

'''Coptic'''is a [[language]] formerly spoken in [[Egypt]], a later form of ancient Egyptian and one of the Afro-Asiatic languages. Coptic survives as the liturgical language of Egyptian Monophysite Christians, the Coptic Church.

Motet

2008-05-03T12:41:06Z

Hayden5650: New page: A '''Motet''' is a vocal composition with parts for different voices, usually based on a sacred text.

A '''Motet''' is a vocal composition with parts for different voices, usually based on a sacred text.

Interdependence

2008-05-03T12:38:26Z

Hayden5650: New page: '''Interdependence''' is a reciprocal relation between interdependent entities (objects or individuals or groups). That is to say they are mutually dependent.

'''Interdependence''' is a reciprocal relation between interdependent entities (objects or individuals or groups). That is to say they are mutually dependent.

Pragmatism

2008-05-03T12:34:44Z

Hayden5650: New page: '''Pragmatism''' is a straightforward practical way of thinking about things or dealing with problems, concerned with results rather than with theories and principles.

'''Pragmatism''' is a straightforward practical way of thinking about things or dealing with problems, concerned with results rather than with theories and principles.

Animation

2008-05-03T12:30:57Z

Hayden5650: New page: '''Animation''' is the technique of filming a sequence of drawings or positions of models to create an illusion of movement.

'''Animation''' is the technique of filming a sequence of drawings or positions of models to create an illusion of movement.

Redemption

2008-05-03T12:21:10Z

Hayden5650: New page: '''Redemption''' is salvation from sin through Jesus' sacrifice.

'''Redemption''' is salvation from sin through Jesus' sacrifice.

Library

2008-05-03T12:18:29Z

Hayden5650: Start article

A '''Library''' is a place set apart to contain books, periodicals, and other material for reading, viewing, listening, study, or reference. A library may be a commercial establishment lending books for a fixed charge; a lending library.

Shoe

2008-05-03T12:13:51Z

Hayden5650: Start shoe article

A '''Shoe''' is an item of footwear, usually constructed of leather and consisting of a more or less stiff or heavy sole and a lighter upper part ending a short distance above, at, or below the ankle.

Kindergarten

2008-05-03T12:08:29Z

Hayden5650: Started article

'''Kindergarten''' is a form of [[Preschool]], attended by children below [[Elementary School]] age.

Christchurch

2008-05-03T11:46:48Z

Hayden5650: format

'''Christchurch''' is the regional capital of Canterbury, [[New Zealand]]. The largest city in the South Island with a population of 359,000 (2006 Census), it is also the second largest city and third largest urban area of New Zealand

Christchurch

2008-05-03T11:46:28Z

Hayden5650: Start page

Christchurch is the regional capital of Canterbury, New Zealand. The largest city in the South Island with a population of 359,000 (2006 Census), it is also the second largest city and third largest urban area of New Zealand

Oamaru

2008-05-03T11:42:48Z

Hayden5650: Expand

'''Oamaru''' is a town on the coast of North Otago, [[New Zealand]].

On the west and south-west the country rises to rolling downs and, in about 15–20 miles, to the slopes of the Kakanui Range. On the north the land gradually opens out to terraces and flats of the lower Waitaki Valley. An artificial harbour, protected by a breakwater extending northward from the bluff of Cape Wanbrow, provides port facilities. The Christchurch-Dunedin Main Highway and the South Island Main Trunk railway pass through the town.

==History==
===Port===
Oamaru began to develop as a town and port in the early 1860s. Construction of the breakwater commenced in 1871 and, by 1884, there was a safe artificial harbour. During 1884 the ship Dunedin (which earlier had sailed from Port Chalmers with the first frozen meat from New Zealand) loaded a cargo of frozen mutton at Oamaru for London.
===Rail===
Railway construction commenced in the early 1870s. The railway between Waitaki South and Oamaru was opened on 27 September 1875. On 1 February 1877 this section was extended to Makikihi, where it linked up with the line from Christchurch. Oamaru was joined to Dunedin by rail on 7 September 1878. The branch lines inland contributed much to the development of the district. The Pukeuri Junction – Kurow branch was opened to Hakataramea (Canterbury) on 1 April 1885. In 1930 the Kurow-Hakataramea portion was closed. Since 1947 this branch has carried goods traffic only. A branch railway from Waiareka was opened to Ngapara on 1 April 1877 and a lateral from Windsor to Tokarahi on 8 July 1887. The Windsor-Tokarahi portion was closed on 14 July 1930. With the exception of the Waiareka-Taylors Siding (limeworks) portion, the Ngapara branch was closed on 12 July 1959.
===Status===
In 1861 Oamaru became a town in terms of an Otago Provincial Government ordinance. In 1866 it was constituted a borough. In 1989 the Oamaru Borough was merged with the Waitaki County to become the Waitaki District, of which Oamaru is the principle town.

==References==
[http://www.teara.govt.nz/1966/O/Oamaru/Oamaru/en|An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand]

Oamaru

2008-05-03T11:26:37Z

Hayden5650: period

Oamaru

2008-05-03T11:26:28Z

Hayden5650: Began article on Oamaru

Albert Speer

2008-05-03T11:21:03Z

Hayden5650: Started article

'''Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer''' (March 19, 1905 – September 1, 1981), was a German Architect and during the Second World War served as the German Minister for Armaments.

Zeppelin Field

2008-05-03T11:18:48Z

Hayden5650: link

The '''Zeppelin Field''' ([[German]]: '''Zeppelinfeld''') was a large military parade ground in [[Nuremberg]], [[Germany]].

From 1933, the [[NSDAP|National Socialist's]] used the Zeppelin Field as the central venue for their spectacular Party rallies (Reichsparteitage).

==Zeppelintribüne==
The grandstand, known as the Zeppelintribüne, was erected in 1935-1937.
It was designed by [[Albert Speer]], who drew his inspiration from the ancient [[Pergamon Altar]].

User talk:Admin

2008-05-03T11:16:44Z

Hayden5650: Uploading images

What's with the revert on the Bush article? I don't see how it's possible to make a claim like "notoriously anti-American liberals" without citing it at least. --[[User:John|John]] 23:13, 7 March 2007 (EST)

I was about to take that sentence out. The rest of SouthernMan's edits were OK. [[User:Admin|Admin]] 23:16, 7 March 2007 (EST)

==Problem uploading pictures==
Hey I'm having trouble uploading pictures. I'm getting some really weird errors and I don't think I'm the only one. I'm using Firefox and don't seem to be having similar problems with other wikis if that helps. [[User:Sulgran|Sulgran]] 01:54, 23 March 2007 (EDT)

==Sysop Pledge==

As my good deed of the day I am requesting that you place this template on your userpage. Participating sysops will earn my respect and gratitude. --[[User:BenjaminS|BenjaminS]] 23:52, 12 April 2007 (EDT)

{{Sysop Pledge}}

----

[http://www.conservapedia.com/User:Ray_Martinez]

== Uploading images ==

Hi. I realise I have not been editing here long enough to even consider applying for adminship, however I am finding the inability to upload photos quite a hindrance. Is is possible to have that ability added to my account? Thankyou. --[[User:Hayden5650|Hayden5650]] 07:16, 3 May 2008 (EDT)

Zeppelin Field

2008-05-03T11:11:21Z

Hayden5650: Continue

The '''Zeppelin Field''' ([[German]]: '''Zeppelinfeld''') was a large military parade ground in [[Nuremberg]], [[Germany]].

From 1933, the [[NSDAP|National Socialist's]] used the Zeppelin Field as the central venue for their spectacular Party rallies (Reichsparteitage).

==Zeppelintribüne==
The grandstand, known as the Zeppelintribüne, was erected in 1935-1937.
It was designed by Albert Speer, who drew his inspiration from the ancient [[Pergamon Altar]].

Zeppelin Field

2008-05-03T10:55:49Z

Hayden5650: Began article

The '''Zeppelin Field''' ([[German]]: '''Zeppelinfeld''') was a large military parade ground in [[Nuremberg]], [[Germany]].

New Zealand

2008-05-03T10:28:12Z

Hayden5650: show that Aotearoa is Maori name

{{country
|map=NewZealand.jpg
|capital=Wellington
|government=Parliamentary Democracy
|Head of State=Queen Elizabeth II
|pm=Helen Clark
|gdp-pc=$24,769
}}
'''New Zealand''' ([[Maori]]: '''Aotearoa''') is a country in the southern [[Pacific Ocean]] comprising two large islands (North Island and South Island) and numerous smaller islands, most notably Stewart Island and the Chatham Islands. The Realm of New Zealand also includes the Cook Islands and Niue, which are self-governing, but in 'free association'; Tokelau; and the Ross Dependency (New Zealand's Antarctic territorial claim). New Zealand is notable for its geographic isolation, being separated from Australia to the northwest by the Tasman Sea, approximately 2000 kilometers (1250 miles) across. Its closest neighbours to the north are [[New Caledonia]], [[Fiji]], and [[Tonga]]. [[Wellington]] is the capital of New Zealand; [[Auckland]] is the largest city.

The population is mostly [[European]], with a substantial native Maori minority. Non-Māori Polynesian and Asian people are also significant minorities, especially in urban areas. Te Reo Māori is one of the 3 official languages of New Zealand which also comprise of Queen's English and New Zealand sign language. [[Elizabeth II]], as the Queen of New Zealand, is the Head of State and is represented, in her absence, by a non-partisan Governor-General; the Queen 'reigns but does not rule', so she has no political influence. Political power is held by the democratically-elected Parliament of New Zealand under the leadership of the Prime Minister who is the Head of Government.

== Government ==

New Zealand is a parliamentary [[democracy]]. Under the Royal Titles Act (1953), Queen Elizabeth II is Queen of New Zealand and is represented as head of state by the Governor-General, currently Anand Satyanand.

New Zealand is the only country in the world in which all the highest offices in the land have been occupied simultaneously by women: Queen [[Elizbeth II]], Governor-General Dame Silvia Cartwright, Prime Minister Helen Clark, Speaker of the House of Representatives Margaret Wilson and Chief Justice Dame Sian Elias were all in office between March 2005 and August 2006.
New Zealand's first woman prime minister was Jenny Shipley, however Helen Clark lays claim to be the first ''elected'' woman prime minister, as Jenny Shipley was appointed to the role by the National Party Caucus to replace the Prime Minister of the time, Jim Bolger.
[[Image:Auckland - New Zealand.jpg|thumb|300px|Auckland]]
The New Zealand Parliament<ref>[http://www.govt.nz/ Official government site]</ref> has only one chamber, the House of Representatives, which usually seats 120 Members of Parliament. Parliamentary general elections are held every three years under a form of [[proportional representation]] called Mixed Member Proportional. The 2005 General Election created an 'overhang' of one extra seat, occupied by the Māori Party, due to that party winning more seats in electorates than the number of seats its proportion of the party vote would have given it. The position of Prime Minister falls to the leader of the majority party in Parliament and may be changed at any time at the discretion of the majority party Caucus.

There is no written constitution: the Constitution Act 1986 is the principal formal statement of New Zealand's constitutional structure. The Governor-General has the power to appoint and dismiss Prime Ministers and to dissolve Parliament. The Governor-General also chairs the Executive Council, which is a formal committee consisting of all ministers of the Crown. Members of the Executive Council are required to be Members of Parliament, and most are also in Cabinet. Cabinet is the most senior policy-making body and is led by the Prime Minister, who is also, by convention, the Parliamentary leader of the governing party or coalition.

The current Prime Minister is [[Helen Clark]], leader of the Labour Party. Since 17 October 2005 Labour has been in formal coalition with Jim Anderton, the Progressive Party's only MP. In addition to the parties in formal coalition, New Zealand First and United Future provide confidence and supply in return for their leaders being ministers outside cabinet. A further arrangement has been made with the Green Party, which has given a commitment not to vote against the government on confidence and supply. Since early in 2007, Labour has also had the proxy vote of Taito Phillip Field, a former Labour MP. These arrangements assure the government of a majority of seven MPs on confidence.

The Leader of the Opposition, is National Party leader John Key. The ACT party and the Māori Party are both also in opposition. The Greens, New Zealand First and United Future all vote against the government on some legislation.

The highest court in New Zealand is the Supreme Court of New Zealand. This was established in 2004 following the passage of the Supreme Court Act 2003, which also abolished the option to appeal to the Privy Council in London. The current Chief Justice is Dame Sian Elias. New Zealand's judiciary also includes the High Court, which deals with serious criminal offences and civil matters, and the Court of Appeal, and subordinate courts.

The Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces is Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the second. The defence forces hold commissions and warrants from the Queen, signed on her behalf by her representative the Governor General. However command of the armed forces is by order of Parliament, rather than by the Queen.

== Foreign Policy and Military Relations ==

New Zealand maintains a strong profile on environmental protection, human rights and free trade, particularly in agriculture.

New Zealand is a member of the following geo-political organisations: APEC, East Asia Summit, Commonwealth of Nations, OECD and the [[United Nations]]. It has signed up to a number of free trade agreements, of which the most important is Closer Economic Relations with Australia.

For its first hundred years, New Zealand followed the United Kingdom's lead on foreign policy. In declaring war on Germany on 3 September 1939, Prime Minister Michael Savage proclaimed "Where she goes, we go; where she stands, we stand". Post WWII ties with America strengthened, but unlike close neighbour Australia, have never done so to the point that they may be considered stronger than the ties to the UK.

New Zealand has traditionally worked closely with Australia, whose foreign policy followed a similar historical trend. In turn, many Pacific Islands such as Western Samoa have looked to New Zealand's lead. The American influence on New Zealand was weakened by the disappointment with the Vietnam War, the sinking of the Rainbow Warrior by France, and by disagreements over environmental and agricultural trade issues and New Zealand's nuclear-free policy.

New Zealand is a party to the ANZUS security treaty between Australia, New Zealand and the US. While the treaty was once fully mutual between Australia, New Zealand and the United States, this is no longer the case. Since February 1985, New Zealand has refused nuclear-powered or nuclear-armed ships access to its ports. In 1986, the United States announced that it was suspending its treaty security obligations to New Zealand pending the restoration of port access. The New Zealand Nuclear Free Zone, Disarmament, and Arms Control Act 1987 prohibits the stationing of nuclear weapons on the territory of New Zealand and the entry into New Zealand waters of nuclear armed or propelled ships. This legislation remains a source of contention and the basis for the United States' continued suspension of treaty obligations to New Zealand. Due to the US Navy policy of refusing to confirm or deny the presence of nuclear arms on any US Navy ship, the only US naval ships to enter NZ waters since that time have been unarmed auxiliary units with some exceptions where the US State Department have over-ruled the Naval policy for specific ships on visits.

In addition to the various wars between Maori tribes, and between the British settlers and certain tribes, New Zealand has fought in the Second Boer War, World War I, World War II, the Korean War, the Malayan Emergency (and committed troops, fighters and bombers to the subsequent confrontation with Indonesia), the Vietnam War, the Gulf War and the Afghanistan War. New Zealand refused to participate in the Iraq War without UN sanction. However, they sent a unit of army engineers to help rebuild Iraqi infrastructure for one year following the invasion.

The New Zealand military has three branches: the New Zealand Army, the Royal New Zealand Navy, and the Royal New Zealand Air Force. New Zealand considers its own national defence needs to be modest; it dismantled its air combat capability in 2001. New Zealand has contributed forces to recent regional and global peacekeeping missions, including those in Cyprus, Somalia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Sinai, Angola, Cambodia, the Iran/Iraq border, Bougainville and East Timor.

==Sport==

[[Rugby union]] is the major sport in New Zealand, and the national team, the [[All Blacks]], are widely considered the greatest rugby union team.
The New Zealand [[cricket]] team (known as "The Black Caps") are currently third in world standings.
New Zealand is also noted for its [[Hockey]] (The Black Sticks) and [[Netball]] (The Silver Ferns) teams.

== International Rankings (2007) ==

===Political and economic rankings===

*Political freedom ratings[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_in_the_World_2006] - Free; political rights and civil liberties both rated 1 (the highest score available)
*Press freedom<ref>Reporters Without Borders. [http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=19391 Index methodology]</ref> - 19th freest, at 5.00
*GDP per capita - 27th highest, at I$24,769
*Human Development Index - 20th highest, at 0.933
*Income Equality - 54th most equal, at 36.2 (Gini Index)
*Literacy Rate - Equal first, at 99.9%
*Unemployment rate - 42nd lowest, at 3.8% <ref>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/nz.html CIA World Factbook]</ref>
*Corruption - 1st equal least corrupt, at 9.6 on index
*Economic Freedom - 9th equal freest, at 1.84 on index

===Health rankings===
*Fertility rate- 140th most fertile, at 1.79 per woman
*Birth rate - 140th most births, at 13.90 per 1000 people
*Infant mortality - 192nd most deaths, at 5.85 per 1000 live births
*Death rate - 115th highest death rate, at 7.52 per 1000 people
*Life Expectancy - 22nd highest, at 78.81 years
*Suicide rate - 35th highest suicide rate, at 19.8 for males and 4.2 for females per 100,000 people
*HIV/AIDS rate - 149th most cases, at 0.10%

===Other rankings===
*CO2 emissions - 42nd highest emissions, at 8.7 tonnes per capita
*Electricity Consumption - 48th highest consumption of electricity, at 37,030,000,000 kWh
*Broadband Internet access - 22nd highest uptake in OECD, at 11.7%
*Beer consumption - 16th highest, at 77.0 litres per capita
*Environmental Performance Index - Comprising; Environmental health, air quality, water resources, biodiversity and habitat, productive natural resources, sustainable energy - 1st out of 80 countries, at 88.0/100[14]

== External Links ==
* Ministry for Culture and Heritage[http://www.mch.govt.nz/]
* Tourism New Zealand[http://www.newzealand.com/]
* New Zealand travel guide from Wikitravel[http://wikitravel.org/en/New_Zealand]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==See Also==
[[Hamilton New Zealand Temple]]

[[Category:Oceanian Countries]]
[[Category:Islands]]
[[Category:Christian-Majority Countries]]

Stewart Island

2007-07-01T11:56:50Z

Hayden5650:

'''Stewart Island''' is the southernmost island of [[New Zealand]]. It lies 18 miles south of the South Island, and is home to around 400 permanent residents.

Stewart Island

2007-07-01T11:56:35Z

Hayden5650: Created article on Stewart Island

'''Stewart Island''' is the southernmost island of [[[New Zealand]]]. It lies 18 miles south of the South Island, and is home to around 400 permanent residents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

2007-07-01T11:40:57Z

Hayden5650: /* History */

'''Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome''' (usually referred to as '''AIDS''') is a collection of diseases and symptoms caused by long-term infection with the[[HIV| Human Immunodeficiency Virus]].

== Definition ==

According to the CDC's 1993 guidelines, <ref>http://www.cdc.gov</ref><ref>http://www.merckmedicus.com/ppdocs/us/hcp/content/merck/hiv/hivaids/aidsdefi.htmAIDS is defined </ref>as follows:
HIV infection ''plus'' any of the following:
*CD4 count less than 200 or
*CD4 percentage less than 14% of total lymphocytes or
*Any of the following illnesses: pulmonary TB, recurrent pneumonia, invasive cervical cancer.
*Expanded definition including 23 clinical conditions published elsewhere<ref>http://www.cdc.gov/MMWR/preview/mmwrhtml/00018871.htm</ref>

The World Health Organization uses a different staging method for HIV disease. <ref>http://www.aids-ed.org/aetc/aetc?page=cm-105_disease</ref>

== History ==

The illness was first recognized in the early 1980s<ref>New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 344:1764-1772 June 7, 2001 Number 23</ref> as homosexual men presented to their doctors with a rare lung disease called ''Pneumocystis carinii'' pneumonia (PCP)<ref>Pneumocystis pneumonia -- Los Angeles. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1981;30:250-252)</ref>. Early on, the "[[gay disease]]" took on a variety of names, including "gay cancer" and "Gay-related immune deficiency" (GRID). The [[Centers for Disease Control]] noticed an increase in requests for drugs needed to treat this illness and launched an epidemiological investigation.

Although the first cases of the disease probably go back to the 1950s, the epidemic was not recognized until the early 1980s [http://www.avert.org/his81_86.htm]. The early epidemic occurred in two main branches; in the US and other developed countries, and in sub-Saharan Africa. In the US, the early epidemic was primarily spread by homosexual sex, intravenous drug use, and blood transfusions. In Africa, transmission was almost exclusively by heterosexual sex amongst the [[Negro]] population. Currently, most new infections worldwide are spread by homosexual sex.

== Natural History ==

After infection with [[HIV]], the virus quickly replicates in lymphatic tissue and travels through the blood to infect most areas of the body. The largest consequence of this is the "hijacking" of certain immune cells, especially so-called T-Helper, or CD-4, cells. Early in the infection, the immune system holds the infection at bay, often causing "Acute Retroviral Syndrome", a flu-like illness. Patients often have swollen lymph nodes. After approximately 8-10 years of infection, the immune system begins to lose its battle. This is primarily seen in the loss of numbers of CD4 cells, however the changes are somewhat more complex. When the CD4 cell level drops low enough, AIDS becomes apparent.
The first symptoms of the illness are generally night sweats, weight loss, and oral thrush.

== Opportunistic Infections (OIs) ==

The hallmark of AIDS is the appearance of ''opportunistic infections'', meaning infections with organisms that do not usually cause human disease, unless given the right "opportunity". This opportunity is the reduction in cell-mediated immunity, first seen in patients with certain cancers or on anti-rejection drugs for organ transplantation.
These infections include:

*Pneumocystis jiroveci, previously Pneumocystis carinii
*[[Candida albicans]] (the cause of thrush and vaginal yeast infections)
*Staphylococcus aureus (primarily causes skin infections)
*Toxoplasma gondii
*Cytomegalovirus
*Streptococcus pneumoniae (the primary cause of pneumonia in AIDS patients)
*Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB)
*Mycobacterium avium complex (atypical mycobacterium)
*Cryptococcus neoformans (a cause of meningitis)
*Epstein Barr virus (leads to a type of lymphoma)
*Human herpesvirus-8 (causes Kaposi's sarcoma)

== Dissent ==
Among the world's medical professionals and biologists, there is complete agreement that HIV causes AIDS. In this, Koch's postulates have been clearly fulfilled, and basic science research has shown the same. Specific drugs have been developed that treat HIV infection and AIDS, helping show the causal relationship. That being said, there is a vocal minority of people, including some scientists, who do not believe that HIV causes AIDS. Foremost among these is Dr. Peter Duesberg. Details about these "re-thinkers" and their arguments can be found at several websites, but not in any reliable peer-reviewed journals:

http://www.reviewingaids.org/awiki/index.php/Main_Page

==Notes==
<references/>

[[Category:Diseases]]
[[Category:Medicine]]

Cigarette

2007-07-01T11:38:04Z

Hayden5650: Created cigarette article

A cigarette is a product, comprised of a cylindrical paper tube filled with tobacco. The tobacco is lit and the resulting smoke is inhaled by sucking it through the cigarette. This encourages the rest of the tobacco to burn.

Cigarettes often have a filter on the mouth end, to provide a smoother and cleaner smoke, for increased ease of inhaling and often also for improved taste.

Marlboro

2007-07-01T11:31:36Z

Hayden5650: Created Marlboro article

Marlboro is a brand of [[Cigarette]] made by [[Philip Morris]], now [[Altria]].

Gypsies

2007-07-01T11:29:03Z

Hayden5650: Created article on Gypsies

Gypsies are a people of mixed racial origins. Large numbers are found in many European countries, where they are known for committing much petty crime such as pickpocketing and theft.

They refuse to assimilate into the countries which they inhabit, including speaking their own language.