Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Video games

2021-06-16T18:14:37Z

Hfhff:

A '''video game''' is an electronic game, which is played on a device such as a [[computer]] or console. Many Video games, especially more professional ones are generally designed to be [[addiction|addictive]], as this helps to build and maintain a profitable user base, and sell the product to those who may try it. [[Chess]] -- which has many superb online websites -- is a good habit to develop in order to defeat a video game addiction.

It should also be mentioned that there are Violent video games are particularly addictive and harmful for teenage boys and young men. Often the more violent a game is, the better it sells. '''''Many of the [[young mass murderers]] have been linked to addictions to violent video games, and video games are also associated with dropping out of school, obesity, and other bad effects'''''. The video game industry is criticized for exploiting its workers, too.

At least one study showed that "young men are playing video games instead of getting jobs," as reported by the ''Chicago Tribune''.<ref>https://www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct-video-games-jobs-emploment-20160923-story.html</ref>

Replacing a habit of playing violent video games with a hobby of playing the more mentally challenging game of [[chess]], which millions of competitors are playing online daily, is a great way to break the harmful video game [[addiction]].

The video game industry itself also receives significant government support; in Quebec, all large video game projects can receive tax credits up to 37%, which they are loath to give up, increasing either public debt or taxes for everyone else. <ref>https://www.montrealinternational.com/app/uploads/2019/02/industry_profile_videogame_2019-1.pdf</ref>
== Nature of video games ==
Video games vary greatly in type and complexity, but all games are alike in that they translate player input (from a controller, mouse, keyboard or motion sensor) into onscreen actions. Games are often stored on some sort of digital media - ROM cartridge, [[CD]], [[DVD]], flash memory chip, or even cassette tape for early computer games. Older or less expensive games sometimes used dedicated chips which were pre-programmed to play certain games only. In recent years, game developers have moved to digital distribution, allowing customers to purchase game licenses online, and download over the internet. On PCs, this is often done through marketplaces such as Valve corporation's Steam service, or Electronic Arts' Origin service, while the Xbox One and PlayStation 4 have their own digital distribution services.

Home consoles are classified by ''generation'' to indicate their relative power and date of release. The current major consoles (Xbox One, PS4, Nintendo Switch) are considered ''eight generation''. Handheld consoles are not generally put into generations due to their more irregular release schedules.

== Various genres ==
Video games in the course of their existence have grown from the simple arcade-style games, and have become more detailed and separated from one another. Genres can now include [[first person shooters]], [[racing]], [[Simulation game|simulation]], [[role-playing]], [[sports]], [[action]], [[strategy]], massively multiplayer online (MMO), puzzle, Sport simulation, and many others.<ref>https://www.idtech.com/blog/different-types-of-video-game-genres</ref><ref>https://thoughtcatalog.com/jane-hurst/2015/02/12-types-of-computer-games-every-gamer-should-know-about/</ref> Even then, games can combine genres, such as ''Mass Effect'' (Role Playing and Third Person Shooting), or not fit nicely into any genre, like ''The Mystery of the Druids''. The most popular genres tend to be shooters, action, and roleplaying games. Some video games are based on movies, such as Star Wars.

== Popularity and controversy ==
Games have risen in popularity over the years, as is shown in the rise of video games sales from the 1980s until today. This has brought with it a various amount of controversy as the video game industry continues to grow with its original player base.

Video games are addictive activities targeted at teenagers, sometimes with tragic results.<ref>Some claim that 2/3rds of videogamers are over 18 years old, but far more people are over that age and a much higher percentage of minors are videogamers.[http://www.pan-o-matic.com/blog/?p=45 Only a third of videogamers are under 18]</ref> Certain genres of games are becoming increasingly violent and offensive, attracting the attention of legislators in many states to protect the exploitation of children by them. Games such as ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' are very violent, sexually explicit, and feature [[criminal]] behavior. These games are rated "M 17+" for "Mature," but courts have stricken down laws preventing retailers from selling them to children, under an interpretation that the First Amendment protects offensive video games even for children.<ref>http://gamepolitics.livejournal.com/148962.html</ref> After a ''Conservapedian'' filed an [[amicus brief]] with the [[U.S. Supreme Court]] to consider this issue, it surprised [[liberal]]s by granting ''[[certiorari]]''.

However, in 2011, the Supreme Court denied a ban on the sale of violent video games in California, claiming they were protected as they "qualify for First Amendment Protection" and pointing out that there has historically been no shortage of violent imagery in children's fairytales, classical literature, and comics. Writing for the majority, Justice Scalia pointed out that "disgust is not a valid basis for restricting expression", and continued that any effects of violent video games on children "are both small and indistinguishable from effects produced by other media".<ref>[https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/10pdf/08-1448.pdf BROWN, GOVERNOR OF CALIFORNIA, ET AL. v. ENTERTAINMENT MERCHANTS ASSOCIATION ET AL.]</ref>

It has also been suggested that it is the role of parents to regulate what their children play, and that laws restricting video game vendors are an effort to replace parents' decisions with the government's decisions.<ref>https://www.deseretnews.com/article/700150989/Violent-games-2-Its-parents-responsibility-to-monitor-what-kids-play.html</ref><ref>https://segmentnext.com/2018/03/09/dear-parents-take-responsibility-kids-stop-blaming-video-games/</ref>

As some wake up to how harmful violent video games are, the video game industry declined in 2012,<ref>http://www.nbc12.com/story/20289219/us-video-game-sales-drop-11-pct-in-november</ref> though it remains much bigger than Hollywood. Video games are likely the single biggest cause of bright young men dropping out of college. While video games were originally designed for children and adolescent males, video games have become too popular with adult males, many of whom will often neglect family and work to spend a copious number of hours playing video games including online games as World of Warcraft in a video game addiction. [[Liberal denial]] discourages people from recognizing the problem.

==Arguments against video game usage==
[[File:Stephen-Fry.jpg|thumbnail|200px|right|The [[Atheism|atheist]] [[Stephen Fry]] said, "I do enjoy [[Video games|video gaming]]... In the early days of games, I would spend hours. I mean literally. I would find it would be 4AM, and I would say: 'God, I have be at work at 6.'"<ref>[http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xeuj29_stephen-fry-talks-gaming_news Stephen Fry talks gaming]</ref> ''See also: [[Irreligion, video game usage and obesity]] and [[Atheism and obesity]]'' ]]
''See [[young mass murderers]] for their connection to video games''. 

Video games have been accused of being linked to [[Young mass murderers|murders by young people]] and other [[violence]], stress-induced health problems (including unexpected heart attacks),<ref>[http://www.news.com.au/world/europe/russian-teenager-dies-after-playing-online-computer-game-defence-of-the-ancients-for-22-days-in-a-row/story-fnh81p7g-1227512824314 Teenager dies from a video game addiction]</ref> [[atheism]], [[obesity]],<ref>[http://aspe.hhs.gov/health/reports/child_obesity/ Childhood Obesity] Department of Health and Human Services, retrieved Sept 18th 2011</ref> and [[sexual immorality]]. Several prominent murderers in recent years were inspired by video games.<ref>https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-316491/Teenager-gets-life-Manhunt-murder.html</ref><ref>Adelmann, Bob (August 5, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/crime/item/33028-search-for-motives-in-recent-mass-shootings-ignores-impact-of-violent-video-games Motives in Recent Mass Shootings Should Include Impact of Violent Video Games]. ''The New American''. Retrieved August 5, 2019.</ref> [[Young mass murderer]] [[Adam Lanza]] was "immersed in a perverse video game world" and "killed himself to prevent law enforcement from taking his 'points.'" He plotted his rampage far in advance and "learned the principles of ... the tactical reload" from his [[video games]].
Video games has also been used as "murder simulators" by American army, in order to desensitize young man, into triggering the gun better, and with less doubt, thus killing enemies more efficiently.
<ref>[http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/lupica-lanza-plotted-massacre-years-article-1.1291408#ixzz2NuWeFMNO]</ref>

After a murderous rampage by another video game user in Norway:<ref>http://www.metro.co.uk/tech/games/871121-norway-stores-pull-violent-video-games-including-call-of-duty-after-massacre#ixzz1erUdaLo5</ref>
{{cquote|A number of Norway stores have pulled violent video games from sale - including several Call of Duty games and World of Warcraft - in the wake of the massacre carried out by Anders Behring Breivik on July 22.}}
Unbeknownst to many, the video game industry is partly subsidized by taxpayers, even in the [[conservative]] Texas. In 2015, a spat broke out between the video game and film industries about the millions they would receive from government.<ref>http://www.texastribune.org/2015/05/27/drama-between-film-video-game-groups-dooms-funding/</ref>

=== Video game usage and excess weight ===
''See also:'' [[Video game usage and excess weight]] and [[Obesity]]

Due to the sedentary lifestyle of many who abuse video games or play them for extremely long amounts of time, there is an absence of exercise - meaning [[addiction]] to video games can cause an increase in weight to unhealthy proportions.

[[File:Childhood obesity.JPG|thumb|200px|The state of Utah was acclaimed with the lowest percentage of children overweight, and was found to have the second lowest proportion of children spending 2 or more hours on TV/Video game play.
 
 
The District of Columbia, found to have the highest percentage of overweight children, also had the highest percentage nationwide of children spending an incredible 4 hours plus in front of a screen.<ref>[http://www.nationalobesityforum.org.uk/component/content/article/1-nof-in-the-media/338-tvvideo-games-and-child-obesity.html TV Video Games and obesity]</ref>]]
The National Obesity Forum indicates:
{{cquote|The figures highlighted by the "F as in Fat" annual report [Trust for America's Health 2007 Annual Report] were retrieved from the Data Resource Center on Child and Adolescent Health website. The analysis of these figures reveals a strong positive correlation between hours spent on TV/Video game play and the percentage of children classed as overweight per state. The state of Utah was acclaimed with the lowest percentage of children overweight, and was found to have the second lowest proportion of children spending 2 or more hours on TV/Video game play. The District of Columbia, found to have the highest percentage of overweight children, also had the highest percentage nationwide of children spending an incredible 4 hours plus in front of a screen.<ref>[http://www.nationalobesityforum.org.uk/component/content/article/1-nof-in-the-media/338-tvvideo-games-and-child-obesity.html TV Video Games and obesity]</ref>}}

''Slate'' reported in 2012:
{{cquote|The American Academy of Pediatrics tells parents that children’s total entertainment media time should not exceed two hours daily. According to the Kaiser Family Foundation, average kids watch at least twice that much television. They also spend more than an hour per day online and another hour on video games. These activities, collectively called “screen time,” are widely blamed for the tripling of obesity rates in children since the 1980s.<ref>[http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/medical_examiner/2012/04/are_video_games_making_kids_fat_screen_time_and_childhood_obesity_.html Are TV and Video Games Making Kids Fat?]</ref>}}

The University of Texas at Austin declares:
{{cquote|A study by researchers at The University of Texas at Austin suggests that watching television is not associated with children’s weight, but playing electronic games may be—especially for girls.

“Children with higher weight status spent moderate amounts of time playing electronic games, while children with lower weight status spent either a little or a lot of time playing electronic games,” said Dr. Elizabeth A. Vandewater, who led the study published in the February issue of the Journal of Adolescence.

Although the greater weight/video game link was found in this study with girls, she noted that future studies may reveal similar findings for boys. Either way, the findings could be significant considering how many American children play electronic games.<ref>[http://news.utexas.edu/2004/03/23/nr_video_games Video games rather than TV may be linked to childhood obesity], University of Texas at Austin news</ref>}}

The ''Pittsburg Gazette'' reports: "A 2010 study from the Eastern Ontario Research Institute found video games to blame, chiefly because children, boys especially, tend to eat more when they're playing them."<ref>[http://www.post-gazette.com/news/health/2012/11/12/TV-video-games-linked-to-obesity/stories/201211120171 TV, video games linked to obesity], Pittsburg Gazette</ref>

=== Irreligion, video game usage and obesity ===
''See also:'' [[Irreligion, video game usage and obesity]] and [[Atheism and obesity]]

''Relevant Magazine'' reported about the journal article in ''The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion'' entitled ''No Other Gods Before Mario?: Game Preferences Among [[Atheism|Atheistic]] and Religious Individuals'':
{{Cquote|[http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10508619.2011.638606 A new study] of 228 college students found that while just about everyone prefers video games to regular board games (duh), those who claim no religion vastly prefer video games compared to the religious peers. It's a small study, but the director, Chris Burris, has an interesting hypothesis about why [[Atheism|atheists]] prefer video games. Burris believes that atheists tend to be less good at "generating emotionally evocative internal simulations of experience." Simply put, he believes that religious people tend to be more imaginative, and are able to craft their own sense of play around simple games, while non-religious people tend to prefer the concrete rules afforded by video games.<ref>[http://www.relevantmagazine.com/slices/why-do-atheists-video-games-more-religious-people-do Why Do Atheists Like Video Games More Than Religious People Do?], ''Relevant Magazine''</ref>}}

As far as the relationship between irreligion and obesity, please examine the articles below:

*[[Atheism and obesity]]

*[[Millennials, irreligion and obesity]]

*[[Generation X, irreligion and obesity]]

*[[Baby boom generation, irreligion and obesity]]

=== Exergaming ===
As far as "exergaming" (Video games which prompt the users to engage in physical activity), ''Slate'' reports:
{{cquote|After three months, “there was no evidence that children receiving the active video games were more active in general or at any time,” the authors wrote. (The year before, a similar study in New Zealand had shown only minor improvement with active games; kids weighed just a pound less after six months of "exergaming".)<ref>[http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/medical_examiner/2012/04/are_video_games_making_kids_fat_screen_time_and_childhood_obesity_.html Are TV and Video Games Making Kids Fat?]</ref>}}

== Overcoming addiction to video games ==
As with any [[addiction]], video game usage can be hard to overcome as soon as one is drawn into it. Fortunately, [[faith]]-based efforts to overcome addiction can be effective and rewarding, and churches exist in part to help people overcome harmful vices in the world. (See also: [[habit]]) The Online Gamers Anonymous website is a good example, and has chapters in many places, nooks and crannies.

[[Catholicism]] recommends that people give up something they like on Fridays, and throughout all of [[Lent]]. For some, it is easy to end a bad habit altogether once one is successful in giving it up at least one day a week, or throughout the 40 days of Lent.

In this regard, the [[Bible]] can be extraordinarily helpful and inspiring. Replacing video game usage with readings from books such as [[Psalms]] and [[Proverbs]] can turn a [[vice]] into an enormous boost to one's life. One approach is to read the Proverbs chapter having the same number as the day of the month (e.g., on February 17 read Proverbs 17), and read five chapters in Psalms that also correspond to the day of the month (e.g., read Psalms 81-85) on February 17 (17 times 5 is 85). [[New Testament]] passages in which [[Jesus]] mentions [[Hell]] can also be tremendously beneficial in combating vice. See, e.g., Mark 9:43.

In general, acquiring good habits can help drive out bad ones. Setting goals helps: Give yourself a weekly or monthly report card on all aspects of life. (See also: [[Beating NFL addiction]])

===Violence===
Most of the controversy comes from the rising trend toward violence in video games, as pioneered by ''[[Doom (video game series)|Doom]]'', ''[[Quake]]'', "[[Spring]]", and the ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' series.

Some people point out that violent video games cause violent behavior in children. The effects of violent video games on the developing psyches of children and adolescents vary greatly and of course depend on the mental stability of the subject in question.
Serious crimes have often been associated with video games. For example, a 14-year-old brutally murdered a video arcade employee one morning and his cousin stands trial for murdering the store manager when he entered the store shortly thereafter.<ref>http://www.nj.com/starledger/stories/index.ssf?/base/news-5/1212467732102240.xml&coll=1</ref>
In the [[United States|USA]], all retail games carry ratings from the [[ESRB]], a video game ratings organization.

Some claim that kids who don't play video games at all seem to show more violent tendencies. Of course, as expected, those who played violent video games for large amounts of time also showed violent tendencies; the study, however, claims that this is a "risk marker", not an actual cause.<ref>http://wii.qj.net/New-research-reveals-kids-who-don-t-play-videogames-at-all-are-more-at-risk-of-violent-tendencies/pg/49/aid/118505 New research reveals kids who don't play video games at all are more at risk of violent tendencies</ref>

Multiple studies have shown a correlation between violent video games and increased levels of aggression, caused by playing some of the aforementioned video games.<ref>https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/014616702237649</ref><ref>https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140197103000976</ref> However, in such cases, it is vital to keep in mind the fact that correlation does not equal causation. <ref>https://yourlogicalfallacyis.com/false-cause</ref>

===Sexuality===
Although nudity is not prominent in [[western]] video games, there are various products containing sexually suggestive material. One reason for the relative lack of explicitly sexual material in western games may be the refusal of retailers including [[Wal-Mart]]<ref>http://www.walmart.com/catalog/catalog.gsp?cat=440903</ref> to sell games carrying an "Adults-Only" rating. One notable target of controversy is the ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' series after a third-party mod was released that allowed the player to engage in a mini-game containing explicit sexual material. Mods are, as "third-party" would imply, fan-made and are not the responsibility of the game's developer. Other sources of this criticism relate to the game ''[[Tomb Raider]]'', one of the first games to depict and advertise a female character (the protagonist) as a sex symbol.<ref>Ashley, Robert. "The Secret History of Videogame Sex." Official Playstation Magazine Feb. 2006: 96-99.</ref>

==Arguments for video game usage==
Video games have been suspected of giving otherwise liberal people some virtual conservative viewpoints.<ref>http://kotaku.com/5764327/5764327/are-video-games-turning-liberals-into-virtual-conservatives</ref> They have also been shown to help people to become more attuned to their surroundings and increase coordination, and in the future may be used to treat people with visual problems and to train soldiers.<ref>http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/05/0528_030528_videogames.html</ref>

While evidence is somewhat conflicting, some also say that video games keep the participants engaged and more mentally active than alternative entertainment, such as watching television.

== Video games and society ==
As video games become more popular, their impact on society becomes ever more present. A prime example of this is the massive ad campaigns for the ''[[Halo (franchise)|Halo]]'' and ''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' franchises. Advertising, merchandising, and even social pressures have changed in the ever-growing influence of video gaming.

Due to their popularity, various corporations have begun placing advertisements for their products within the context of the game. ''[[Second Life]]'', an Internet-based virtual world, has attempted to blur the lines between real world and virtual world, and companies such as Adidas, Reebok, and Dell have set up virtual stores selling real-world products within the game. [[Reuters]] also operates a news bureau reporting news in the game.

== Education in video games ==
It is unlikely that there is any educational value in video game usage, compared with better activities that could be pursued.

But Firaxis Games, a noteworthy video game development company, has been creating a video game series called ''Civilization'' for nearly a decade.<ref>http://www.firaxis.com/company/</ref> Civilization is a simulation game that allows the player to lead a nation from ancient times to modern-day. It features a dynamic military system, politics, trading, and historical content. It has been recognized for its unintentional educational properties.<ref>http://www.firaxis.com/community/teacher.php</ref>

Microsoft Flight Simulator is another example of a video game that may have some slight educational value.<ref>https://www.microsoft.com/Products/Games/FSInsider/product/Pages/InfoEducators.aspx</ref>

Some games are also created specifically as teaching tools. While they may not offer detailed, useful knowledge, they typically attempt at least to teach useful concepts or general information. An example of these is the now-dated game, Oregon Trail.

== Faith in video games ==
[[Faith]] in video games has, as a rule, either led to the creation of new and dynamic antagonists, or video games that are mediocre, such as ''[[Spiritual Warfare]]'' and ''[[Bible Adventures]]'' for the Nintendo Entertainment System, or ''[[The Bible Game]]'' for various systems. ''Bible Adventures'' in particular is infamous for its poor design and playability.

The Bible, or other such religious texts, tell a story spanning many different viewpoints. Turning these ideas into a video game, however, most often leads to games that tend to bore most video game audiences.

Religion has, however, taken a prominent place amongst the various heroes and villains in video games. The ''Breath of Fire'' series and the ''Shin Megami Tensei'' games, in particular, use a god as a main antagonist in many of its incarnations. Other games to use religion in some way include the ''Final Fantasy'' series, ''[[Left Behind: Eternal Forces]]'', ''Black and White'', ''Heaven and Hell'', ''Xenogears'', ''Okami'', and the ''Tales'' series, particularly ''Tales of Symphonia''. Unfortunately, many (not all) of the aforementioned games (And nearly any Role Playing game from East Asia) present religion (or it's respective church and followers) as evil, fake, or having ulterior and nefarious motives.

Games may include a fictional religion as part of the setting if the use of a real religion may invite undesirable controversy.

Video game reviewers have sometimes unjustly attacked and reviewed games where real-world religion plays a notable role. One of the most prominent examples of this is the game ''[[Left Behind: Eternal Forces]]''.<ref>http://www.gamerevolution.com/review/pc/left_behind</ref>

==Popular video game franchises==
*''[[Assassins Creed]]'' - Taking place, after a fashion, during the [[Crusades]]. Play as Altair, and kill leaders from both sides to stop a deadly plot.
*''[[Age of Empires]]'' - An [[Real-Time Strategy|RTS]] in which the player leads an ancient civilization.
*''[[Call of Duty]]'' - A series of [[first person shooters]] in which a player is either a soldier in World War II or a soldier involved in the [[War on Terror]].
*''[[Civilization]]'' - A strategy game in which the player leads a civilization from it's birth, and into the future.
*''[[Donkey Kong]]'' - An early platform game in which [[Mario]] (then known as "Jumpman") tries to save his girlfriend Pauline from a barrel-flinging ape named Donkey Kong. Both Donkey Kong and Mario went on to star in many other successful video games.
*''[[Final Fantasy]]'' - A very popular and long running [[RPG]] series in both the [[United States]] and [[Japan]]. Earlier games were rather child friendly, but the series has become more mature over time.
*''[[Gears of War]]'' - Mankind has been annihilated by an underground race of beings.
*''[[Grand Theft Auto]]'' - A game series about gangster like characters who perform missions to rise to the top by killing, stealing, and other, sometimes violent, missions.
*''[[Guitar Hero]]'' - A game where players play the role of the [[guitar]]ist in a band. Uses a special controller in the shape of and played similarly to a guitar.
*''Half-Life'' and ''Half-Life 2'' - First Person Shooter series about Gordon Freeman, a luckless scientist turned hero-from-desperation. This game uses one of the leading physics engine in first person shooters, the Source engine.
*''[[Halo]] - A trilogy of games following a super soldier during a fictional future [[war]].
*''[[Harvest Moon]]'' - Farm life simulator, with many sequels spreading from various platforms. Character runs a farm, raises animals, and can eventually marry.
*''[[The Legend of Zelda]]'' - A popular series of fantasy action-adventure games.
*''[[Mass Effect]]'' - A science fiction RPG for mature players.
*''[[Medal of Honor]]'' - A first person shooter series usually taking place in the front lines of World War II.
*[[Mortal Kombat]] - Multi-player fighting game which is famous for violence, blood, and gory finishing moves called "fatalities".
*''[[NHL]]'' series - A series of Hockey games produced by EA Sports.
*''[[Pac-Man]]'' - An old maze game. It was very popular with kids and adults back in the eighties.
*''[[Portal]]'' - A popular first person shooter/puzzle game using the same game engine as ''Half-Life 2'' involving inter-dimensional travel through portals in an abandon testing facility. This game is known for its deadpan sense of humor.
*''[[Resident Evil]]'' - Survival/horror video game series, revolving around viral zombies and the survivors of the zombie attacks.
*''[[The Sims]]'' - A life simulator produced by EA.
*''[[Super Smash Bros.]]'' - Series of Nintendo fighting games. It mixes characters from different [[Nintendo]] franchises [with some exceptions] in wide environments.
*''[[Soul Calibur]]'' - A weapon-based fighting game. Revolves around the tale of two weapons, Soul Edge [Cursed] and Soul Calibur [Blessed], and those who fight for control or destruction of the weapons.
*''[[Street Fighter]]'' - One-on-one [[martial arts]] fighting game series, where a player selects one of various martial artists and battles other players or against computer-controlled characters.
*''[[Super Mario Bros.]]'' - Side-scrolling platform game series by [[Nintendo]]. Players play as Mario and Luigi, two Italian plumber brothers, who explore the Mushroom Kingdom in order to rescue Princess Peach from the evil Bowser [called Koopa in Japan]. Possibly the most well known game in the world.
*''[[Tomb Raider]]'' - Series of games following the adventures of Lara Croft.
*''[[Pong]]'' - the first real video game, resembling 2-d ping-pong.

== Popular video game consoles ==
*[[Nintendo Entertainment System]]
*[[Game Boy]]
*[[Sega Genesis]] (named Sega Mega Drive in other countries)
*[[Super Nintendo Entertainment System]]
*[[PlayStation]]
*[[Nintendo GameCube]]
*[[PlayStation 2]]
*[[Xbox]]
*[[Xbox 360]]
*[[Nintendo DS]]
*[[Wii]]
*[[Nintendo 3DS]]
*[[Xbox One]]
*[[PlayStation 4]]
*[[Nintendo Switch]]
*[[PlayStation 5]]

==See also==
*[[Young mass murderers]]
*[[Video game controversy]]
*[[Jack Thompson]]
*[[Video game industry]]
*[[Addiction]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[http://www.whattheyplay.com/ What They Play - the parent's guide to video games]
*[http://www.leftbehindgames.com/index.php Left Behind Games - a Christian, family-friendly video game company]
*[https://www.theepochtimes.com/chapter-fourteen-popular-culture-a-decadent-indulgence_2685394.html Chapter Fourteen: Popular Culture–A Decadent Indulgence], ''The Epoch Times'' (from ''How the Specter of Communism Is Ruling Our World'').
{{communism}}
[[Category:Entertainment]]
[[Category:Video Games]]
[[Category:Computers]]

Conservapedia proven right

2021-06-16T18:14:20Z

Hfhff:

'''''Conservapedia''''' has often been proven right on a wide range of topics including science, politics, sports, and [[video games]]. In many cases, [[liberals]] pathetically tried to ridicule predictions that subsequently rang true:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Date of ''Conservapedia's'' statement
!''Conservapedia's'' statement
![[liberal claptrap]] in response
!Result
!Date of Result
|-
|December 26, 2006
|The [[Nobel Prize]] "selection process has become political, as it was not given to [[Ronald Reagan]] or [[Pope John Paul II]] or to anyone who criticizes the [[theory of evolution]]. The Nobel Prizes for literature and peace are mostly given to outspoken [[liberal]]s, such as [[Jimmy Carter]]."<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Nobel_Prize&oldid=7393</ref>
|[[Liberal denial]] insists that the Nobel Prize has integrity, despite overwhelming evidence to the contrary.
|Subsequently, the Nobel Peace Prize was absurdly awarded to [[Barack Obama]] despite a lack of any beneficial, meaningful achievement, and even Obama supporters reacted with "shock" and "a belief that the award was premature, a disservice and a potential liability."<ref>http://voices.washingtonpost.com/44/2009/10/09/a_weighty_prize.html</ref>
 In 2015, it was leaked that the prize was given to Obama more to advance the liberal goal of nuclear disarmament than "in recognition of what he had accomplished."<ref>http://www.timesfreepress.com/news/opinion/freepress/story/2015/sep/21/president-obamas-nobel-peace-awardregretted-o/326069/</ref>
|October 9, 2009 (award), and March 3, 2015 (unprecedented demoting of chairman who made the award).<ref>http://www.dw.de/chairman-of-nobel-peace-prize-committee-demoted/a-18292026</ref>
|-
|February 18, 2007
|Explained that [[abortion]] increases the risk of breast cancer.<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Abortion&oldid=14427</ref>
|Strident, hysterical denials by liberals, who oppose even telling women of the possibility of an increase in risk.
|A study published in 2013 showed more than a six-fold increase of cancer in women who had an abortion.<ref>[http://www.indianjcancer.com/article.asp?issn=0019-509X;year=2013;volume=50;issue=4;spage=316;epage=321;aulast=Bhadoria AS Bhadoria, U Kapil, N Sareen, P Singh, "Reproductive factors and breast cancer: A case-control study in tertiary care hospital of North India," 50 ''Indian Journal of Cancer'' 4, 316-321 (2013)]</ref> In addition, another study showed that the "number of young women being diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer has been slowly but steadily rising over the past 3 decades," beginning a few years after ''[[Roe v. Wade]]'',<ref>https://abcnews.go.com/Health/advanced-breast-cancer-rise-younger-women/story?id=18606955</ref> and a massive research project in China showed a 44% increase in breast cancer from abortion.<ref>https://www.lifenews.com/2013/12/02/bombshell-study-finds-44-increased-breast-cancer-risk-for-women-having-abortions/</ref>
|February 27 and December 2, 2013
|-
|March 15, 2007
|Observed that [[Bill O'Reilly]] of the [[Fox News Channel]] is not [[conservative]], and cited several key examples.<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Bill_O%27Reilly&oldid=37999</ref>
|[[Liberal media]] continued to pretend that O'Reilly is somehow a leader of the [[conservative movement]].
|O'Reilly endorses the [[liberal]]s' amnesty bill for illegal immigration. (Ultimately he was fired for personal misconduct.)
 Fox turned against President [[Trump]] in connection with the [[United States presidential election, 2020|2020 election]], destroying its credibility further.
|June 20, 2013 and late 2020
|-
|May 7, 2007
|The speed of light has declined significantly over the history of the Universe.<ref>http://www.ldolphin.org/recentlight.html</ref><ref>https://answersingenesis.org/theory-of-evolution/evidence/too-many-theories/</ref>
|A far-fetched assumption underlying the [[Theory of Relativity]] is that the speed of light has never changed (in a vacuum), despite the cooling of the universe.
|"So it turns out the speed of light might not be constant after all." <ref>https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn6092-speed-of-light-may-have-changed-recently</ref><ref>http://www.extremetech.com/extreme/184879-einsteinian-error-the-25-year-old-supernova-that-could-change-the-speed-of-light-forever</ref> Research shows that due to the impossibility of a perfect vacuum the idealized concept of 'the speed of light in a vacuum' cannot be achieved in practice.
|March 25, 2013
|-
|August 18, 2007
|Because [[Jon Stewart]]'s movies "almost always do very badly (critically and financially) people say that there is a 'Jon Stewart Curse' that he brings to all his movies."<ref>http://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Jon_Stewart&oldid=271190</ref>
|His audience of [[public school]] kids is clueless.
|The 2008 Oscars, which he hosted, set the modern record for fewest viewers, and except for one very minor part as himself Stewart has not appeared in a movie since Conservapedia's observation in 2007.
|February 24, 2008
|-
|October 4, 2007
|In 2007, Conservapedia creates its [[Homosexuality in animals myth]] article.<ref>http://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Homosexuality_in_animals_myth&oldid=308759</ref>
|Liberals tout a supposed "gay [[penguin]]" in a California zoo.<ref>http://americansfortruth.com/2009/07/15/gay-penguin-flies-straight/</ref> Liberals rabidly deny someone can be an [[ex-homosexuals|ex-homosexual]]. Ex-homosexual is faced with a $10,000 fine, spends $7,000 in legal fees, and is forced to go to pro-homosexuality classes by a liberal judge who claimed he engaged in an aggressive behavior in a discussion with homosexual man (during his discussion the ex-homosexual man was holding a baby).<ref>https://www.wnd.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=56702</ref>
|In 2009, the alleged gay penguin in a California zoo starts a romance with lady penguin and abandons his supposed male penguin lover. The homosexual activist [[Wayne Besen]] claims the penguin is living in denial and not an [[ex-homosexuals|ex-homosexual]] male penguin. (see: [[Homosexuality in animals myth]]).<ref>http://americansfortruth.com/2009/07/15/gay-penguin-flies-straight/</ref>
|July 15, 2009
|-
|November 24, 2007‎
|Conservapedia states that the homosexual population has a significantly higher incidences of a number of diseases.<ref>https://www.conservapedia.com/Homosexuality_and_health</ref>
|Liberals deny this and refuse to accept the science and statistics.
|The homosexual [[Elton John]] fell ill in 2019.<ref>https://www.express.co.uk/celebrity-news/1196193/Elton-John-tour-health-cancer-songs-David-Furnish-husband-mum-dead-news-latest</ref>
|October 27, 2019
|-
|January 10, 2008
|Conservapedia observes that [[Shaken Baby Syndrome]] is a doubtful theory by governmental child protective services, which has resulted in dubious convictions.<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Shaken_Baby_Syndrome&oldid=367617</ref>
|The governmental "experts" must be right and Conservapedia must somehow be wrong.
|Years later, even [[National Public Radio]] admitted doubts about a conviction for Shaken Baby Syndrome, and [[Democrat]] Governor [[Jerry Brown]] commuted a high-profile sentence for it.<ref>http://www.scotusblog.com/2012/04/shaken-baby-case-an-update/#.T4DftOjeRkI.email</ref>
|April 7, 2012
|-
|February 27, 2008
|Conservapedia warns against the [[HPV vaccine]], observing that it was not tested for possibly causing infertility.<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=HPV_vaccine&oldid=395596</ref>
|How can government and the big pharmaceutical industry be wrong???
|The ''British Medical Journal'' reports on a case study of a severe condition of infertility in a 16-year-old girl subsequent to taking the HPV vaccine.<ref>http://casereports.bmj.com/content/2012/bcr-2012-006879.abstract</ref>
|October 3, 2012
|-
|April 14, 2008
|Conservapedia coins the term "[[media bullying]]."<ref>http://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Media_bullying&oldid=430832</ref>
|[[liberal denial]] in response
|Prominent African American physician [[Benjamin Carson]] observes, "The bullies are ... especially the media who like to just beat on anybody who doesn't toe the line ... they suppress [[freedom of speech]]."<ref>http://newsbusters.org/blogs/noel-sheppard/2013/03/09/dr-carson-media-bullies-suppress-freedom-speech-beat-anyone-who-doesn#ixzz2N5XWfVMc</ref>
|March 9, 2013
|-
|October 5, 2008
|Observed that [[Barack Obama]] is likely Muslim and could become the first Muslim President.<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Barack_Hussein_Obama&oldid=530340</ref>
|While liberals would denounce the religion of Obama's future rival, [[Mitt Romney]], they insist that Obama's religion cannot be questioned.
|Once elected, Obama stops attending church, and he eschews using a Bible for his official swearing-in procedure; [[Obama's Religion|Obama makes it clear that he is likely Muslim]] in additional ways.
|January 21, 2009
|-
|March 24, 2008
|Beginning in March 2008, Conservapedia begins chronicling higher education moral corruption via its [[Professor values]] article.<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Professor_values&oldid=412536</ref> Starting in 2010, Conservapedia repeatedly warns students about picking their college majors on its main page. See: [[Worst college majors]] Conservapedia also cites [[Gerald Celente]] about future protests in Europe/Europe and cites Celente concerning useless college majors which needlessly rack up debts in young people. Conservapedia warns about a future "higher educational bubble".<ref>http://conservapedia.com/Main_Page/archive91</ref>
|
|Liberal colleges and liberal press do not give enough attention to the issue of picking a college major. Nor does the liberal press sufficiently warn about future protests. Liberal press does not give adequate coverage to the issue of higher education moral corruption. Liberal press and liberal academia do not sufficiently warn about the poor education universities and colleges are often providing.
|
|-
|December 22, 2008
|The theory of [[man-made global warming]] is not verified science, and there is no consensus<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Global_warming&oldid=592227</ref>
|"The science is settled" that rapid [[global warming]] is somehow occurring, despite much evidence to the contrary.
|In 2011, frigid temperatures, October blizzards, and rejection of the theory by the American public; liberals try to change the terminology to "[[climate change]]"; in 2011 and 2013, even the [[liberal media]] admit there has been no atmospheric warming since 1998.
|July 6, 2011 <ref>http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/jamesdelingpole/100095506/there-has-been-no-global-warming-since-1998/</ref>
|-
|August 4, 2009
|Conservapedia indicates that [[Ben Bernanke]]'s investment portfolio dropped in value in 2008.<ref>http://conservapedia.com/Main_Page/Previous_Conservapedia_Breaking_News/Archives/August_2009</ref> In addition, Conservapedia declares, "Given the abysmal economic policy of Bernanke and the [[Obama administration]], Bernanke probably should invest in gold."<ref>http://conservapedia.com/Main_Page/Previous_Conservapedia_Breaking_News/Archives/August_2009</ref> During the period of 2010–2011, Conservapedia cited the investor Jim Rogers who repeatedly suggests that people invest in commodites.<ref>http://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&redirs=0&search=%22Jim+rogers%22&fulltext=Search&ns0=1</ref><ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KLL9YdR2y2g Jim Rogers : Missing out on Commodities?]</ref>
|Liberals call Conservapedians "gold bugs"
|As of November 2011, the price of gold has gone up dramatically. The price has gone from about $950 an ounce to about $1,700 an ounce.<ref>http://www.kitco.com/charts/popup/au1825nyb.html</ref>
Price of gold continues to have an overall upward trend. In August 2011, the ''[[Financial Times]]'' has an article entitled "Gold remains world's most powerful trend".<ref>[http://video.ft.com/v/1135911356001/Gold-remains-world-s-most-powerful-trend Gold remains world's most powerful trend]</ref> The Wall Street Journal reports in 2011 that "Companies Stock Up as Commodities Prices Rise".<ref>http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704775604576120533736097682.html</ref> In November 2011, Unilever warns about rising commodity prices.<ref>http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/unilever-warns-about-rising-commodity-prices-6256894.html</ref>
|February 3, 2011
|-
|September 21, 2009
|Conservapedia mentions that some Americans are turning to self-employment during the economic downturn as jobs are difficult to come by. In addition, Conservapedia mentions developing multiple streams of income in case the economy goes into a depression and many people lose their jobs. Conservapedia also gives resources and suggestions for low cost businesses.<ref>http://conservapedia.com/Main_Page/Previous_Conservapedia_Breaking_News/Archives/September_2009</ref>
|The liberal "graduate student at a [[sociology]] department somewhere in the United States" at the Total Drek blog seems to shiver in horror at the hard work involved. In addition, he appears to want people to have a defeatist cry in their beer attitude instead of having a proactive and creative can do attitude.<ref>[http://totaldrek.blogspot.com/2009/09/conservapedia-for-laughs-or-facepalms.html Conservapedia: For laughs or facepalms - Tuesday, September 08, 2009]</ref> In 2011, Conservapedia indicates that a sociology major is one of the [[worst college majors]] to have.
|[[Barack Obama]]'s [[American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009|"stimulus" package]] fails. Many Americans lose their jobs and have their unemployment benefits run out. In 2011, Fox News reports that most unemployed no longer receive unemployment benefits.<ref>https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2011/11/05/most-us-unemployed-no-longer-receive-benefits/</ref> Homelessness increases and "[[Obamaville]]s" spring up.<ref>[http://www.thebradentontimes.com/news/2011/11/09/community/national_hunger_and_homelessness_awareness_week_puts_spotlight_on_increasing_need/ The Bradenton Times]</ref> Unemployment in the United States and many other countries remains high.<ref>https://www.bls.gov/fls/intl_unemployment_rates_monthly.htm</ref><ref>http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Unemployment_statistics</ref> In 2011, Cafe Press is selling unemployed sociology major bumper stickers.<ref>http://www.cafepress.com/+unemployed_sociology_major_bumper_sticker,25387924</ref>
|World economy continues to skate on thin ice and the Eurozone is experiencing significant economic problems.
|-
|November 1, 2009
|On November 1, 2009, Conservapedia creates its [[Gay bowel syndrome]] article which concurs with the noted [[HIV]]/[[AIDS]] specialist [[John G. Bartlett]], M.D. that the term gay bowel syndrome is a useful medical term. Conservapedia cites an abundance of evidence relating to the prevalence of the various maladies associated with gay bowel syndrome.
|Liberals, leftists and Wikipedia denied that the medical term gay bowel syndrome was a useful medical term.
|In February 2014, the medical journal ''Current Opinion in Infectious Disease'' publishes a journal article entitled '''Gay bowel syndrome': relic or real (and returning) phenomenon?'' whose abstract summary statement indicates: "All healthcare practitioners (including non-sexual health/HIV specialists) need to consider careful and thorough history taking (including sexual history) to identify those at risk."<ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24335755 'Gay bowel syndrome': relic or real (and returning) phenomenon?] by Cooper F1, Barber T., ''Current Opinion in Infectious Disease'', 2014 Feb;27(1):84-9. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000032.</ref>
|-
|November 28, 2009
|Conservapedia asserts that the [[Theory of relativity]] is false, and creates the page [[Counterexamples to Relativity]], initially containing 10 counterexamples that include [[quantum entanglement]].<ref>http://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Counterexamples_to_Relativity&oldid=724599</ref> The list of counterexamples grows to 50 over the next decade. Quantum entanglement now appears in items 6 and 21.
|Widespread ridicule by [[liberal]]s across the internet.<ref>[http://www.conservapedia.com/Community_Portal/Archive_1#Two_millionth_page_view_for_the_.22Counterexamples_to_Relativity.22_page 2M page views]. In a Google search, many of the articles were [[liberal claptrap]].</ref>
|The "Biggest Test Yet" shows that Einstein was wrong in his opposition to strict "Copenhagen" quantum mechanics. The test was about [[action-at-a-distance]] ([[quantum entanglement]])<ref>https://www.livescience.com/62523-physicists-crowdsource-a-reality-check.html LiveScience news article</ref><ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/Action_at_a_distance</ref> It was not about relativity. Yet, perhaps because of [[liberal bias]], anyone who questions relativity is unlikely to get a high school science teaching job, much less a PhD or college faculty position.
|May 9, 2018
|-
|January 14, 2010
|Conservapedia identifies the significance of an effort to recall Menendez from office.<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Robert_Menendez&oldid=744786</ref>
|Liberals stood by Menendez for years.
|Finally the ''[[New York Times]]'' said that [[Harry Reid]] should take a committee gavel away from Menendez.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/09/opinion/mr-menendezs-ethics-problem.html?hp&_r=0</ref>
|February 8, 2013
|-
|March 14, 2010
|''Conservapedia'' predicted that [[Rick Santorum]] was a stalking horse for [[Mitt Romney]]<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Presidential_Election_2012&oldid=762021</ref>
|Some mistakenly viewed Santorum as the only other option besides Romney, at the expense of [[Newt Gingrich]]
|After taking votes away from Gingrich, Santorum surprised many by dropping out of the race, practically giving the victory to Romney; Santorum then endorsed Romney-like [[Jon Bruning]] instead of the [[conservative]] [[Don Stenberg]] for [[U.S. Senate]] in [[Nebraska]], and then endorsed Romney in a late-night email.<ref>http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/ticket/santorum-underwhelming-endorsement-romney-081055500.html</ref>
|May 7, 2012
|-
|April 19, 2010
|In [[Counterexamples to an Old Earth]], ''Conservapedia'' observed that intelligence has long been declining.<ref>http://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Counterexamples_to_an_Old_Earth&oldid=770704</ref>
|Repeated attempts to remove the insight from the entry.
|A Stanford University geneticist confirms that intelligence has been declining for thousands of years.<ref>http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/blog/2012/nov/12/pampered-humanity-less-intelligent</ref>
|November 12, 2012
|-
|May 16, 2010
|In starting the new entry [[Worst College Majors]], Conservapedia observed that "[t]he worst college majors are fields of study that leave the student with relatively few job opportunities and often a distorted or ultra-liberal view of the world. If the student incurred debt in attending college, then he is left with obligations without any practical way to pay for them."<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Worst_College_Majors&oldid=778795</ref>
|[[Liberal denial]] about several of the examples.
|A study shows that the earnings gap between good and bad college majors is bigger than the gap between a college and high school diploma.<ref>https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2015/06/05/picking-college-major-mean-big-money/28578259/</ref>
|June 6, 2015
|-
|June 12, 2010
|[[Atheistic]] [[Britain]] would embarrass itself in the [[World Cup]]<ref>http://conservapedia.com/Main_Page/Previous_Conservapedia_Breaking_News/Archives/June_2010</ref>
|[[Liberal denial]] shouts down any observation of the correlation between atheism and underachievement.
|"England's performance at South Africa 2010 was officially their worst at a World Cup finals, according to Fifa."<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/world_cup_2010/8814195.stm</ref>
|July 13, 2010
|-
|June 30, 2010
|In an [[Letter to Douglas Moo|open letter to a leader]] of a new revision to the [[NIV]] [[Bible]], ''Conservapedia'' expressed "concern that your Committee might produce a liberal translation that distorts and conceals references to the unborn child in appeasement of the pro-abortion position."<ref>http://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Letter_to_Douglas_Moo&oldid=791512</ref>
|No response to the letter, and a prior expression of ridicule of the [https://conservapedia.com/Conservative_Bible_Project Conservapedia Bible Project] before that.
|The new version [[Feminist Bible|distorts and conceals numerous references]] to the unborn child in the Bible, apparently to appease the pro-abortion position.
|November 1, 2010<ref>http://thechurchofjesuschrist.us/2010/10/new-niv-text-to-be-made-available-online-november-1/ (announcing availability of online version)</ref>
|-
|October 14, 2010
|Conservapedia observes and predicts increased premature graying, for example in Cal Ripken, Anderson Cooper, and Taylor Hicks, as a [[Counterexample to an Old Earth]].<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Counterexamples_to_an_Old_Earth&oldid=822877</ref>
|[[Liberal denial]] that premature graying is increasing.
|A top actress — Katie Holmes, the (now former) second wife of Tom Cruise — is observed having gray hairs at only age 33.
|April 29, 2012
|-
|January 18, 2011
|Observing that a very large percentage of college students are not developing higher thinking skills.<ref>https://www.mcclatchydc.com/2011/01/18/106949/study-many-college-students-not.html</ref> The trend of liberal colleges closing their doors continues.<ref>http://www.insidehighered.com/views/2009/07/09/baldwin</ref><ref>http://www.inthesetimes.com/article/5312/losing_liberal_arts/</ref>
|[[Occupy Wall Street]] and other Occupy protests happen in the United States and in Europe in 2011 and young people are very prevalent in the protests. Some protests turn violent and engage in property destruction. In November 2011, the Daily Mail reports concerning the Occupy Wall Street movement and the trash/garbage associated with it: "If this is the product of our liberal arts colleges, why continue their tax exemptions and tax support? Universities are supposed to produce intelligent people who will make a positive contribution to society. Not these pigs".<ref>http://blogs.dailymail.com/donsurber/archives/46288</ref> In 2011, it is reported that Occupy movements are littering the streets.<ref>http://www.freestaterevolution.com/?p=1967</ref>

Young Occupy Wall Street protesters are caught on film mindlessly doing a pro-[[bestiality]] chant (see: [[Occupy Wall Street and bestiality chant]]).
|The Occupy movements of 2011 are still prevalent in the world and the unemployment levels of young people remain high.
|
|-
|January 23, 2011
|Conservapedia observes how harmful [[Facebook]] is, and how little is accomplished on it.<ref>http://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Facebook&oldid=843357</ref>
|Liberals defend their gossipy, ad-driven site.
|Facebook breaks up many marriages, and the "Article Reach on Facebook is Seeing a Huge Decline ... and Facebook has now stated plainly that they expect organic reach to continue to fall."<ref>[http://www.opusfidelis.com/blog/article-reach-on-facebook-is-seeing-a-huge-decline/?utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Weekly+OPUSfidelis+Blog&utm_content=Weekly+OPUSfidelis+Blog+CID_46b2948b9d2c498c82c9c31369d1dc43&utm_source=Email+marketing+software&utm_term=Article+Reach+on+Facebook+is+Seeing+a+Huge+Decline Opus Fidelis]</ref>
|March 18, 2014
|-
|February 27, 2011
|"Despite wasting millions of taxpayer dollars searching for gravity waves predicted by the theory, none have ever been found."<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Counterexamples_to_Relativity&oldid=852797</ref>
|[[Liberal]]s cling to their belief in [[gravitational waves]] similar to how they used to believe in life in outer space.
|No direct observation of gravitational waves has ever occurred.
|Present
|-
| February 28, 2011
|Predicted that [[Sarah Palin]] will not be the [[Republican]] nominee for president, after observing how [[Facebook]] (which personified her political approach) lost the [[Academy Award]] to ''The King's Speech''.<ref>http://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Presidential_Election_2012&oldid=852880</ref>
|The [[lamestream media]] continued to promote Palin as a leading contender for more than six months.
|Palin announced she will not be a candidate for the nomination and has lost political influence.<ref>https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2011/10/105741/</ref>
|October 5, 2011
|-
|July 2, 2011
|[[Chris Christie]] will endorse [[Mitt Romney]] for president <ref>http://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=United_States_Presidential_Race_-_Endorsements_for_Republicans_2012&oldid=944456</ref>
|The [[lamestream media]] insisted that Christie was a contender himself.
|Chris Christie made a special endorsement of Mitt Romney for president
|October 11, 2011
|-
|September 3, 2011
|Large earthquakes are increasing in frequency.<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Counterexamples_to_an_Old_Earth&oldid=909160</ref>
|Liberal denial becaues this would suggest that [[atheist]]ic claims of a stable [[Old Earth]] are untrue.
|"A remarkable increase in the rate of (magnitude 3) and greater earthquakes is currently in progress," according to a presentation at the Seismological Society of America.<ref>https://www.reuters.com/article/2012/04/17/us-earthquakes-usa-idUSBRE83G1FL20120417</ref>

On May 24, 2013, the second massive earthquake in 2013 (magnitude 8 and above) occurred, ''which is more than the total annual amount in each of the past 5 years''.<ref>https://www.csmonitor.com/World/Latest-News-Wires/2013/0525/Russia-8.2-earthquake-is-big-but-no-deaths</ref>
|April 17, 2012 and May 24, 2013
|-
|November 2, 2011
|Conservapedia claimed that [[Pacific Institute]] was not a non-partisan environmental group but deceitful liberals promoting lies.<ref>http://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Pacific_Institute&oldid=933383</ref>
|Pretend that Peter Gleick and other environmentalists don't utilize bad science or push political agendas
|Pacific Institute's president Peter Gleick promoted bad science and pushed a biased liberal political agenda by admitting to fraud in 2012.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2012/02/21/climate-scientist-admits-stealing-docs-from-conservative-think-tank/ Climate scientist admits stealing docs from conservative think tank, Fox News, February 21, 2012]</ref>
| February 21, 2012
|-
|January 3, 2012
|''Conservapedia'' declared [[Rick Santorum]] the winner of the [[Iowa Caucuses]] before all the results were in, and despite polling suggesting he would only attain third place
|For weeks the [[lamestream media]] insisted that [[Mitt Romney]] won.
|Eventually the lamestream media admitted that Rick Santorum was the winner
|January 20, 2012 <ref>https://www.politico.com/blogs/burns-haberman/2012/01/santorum-now-the-iowa-winner-officially-111713.html</ref>
|-
|February 7, 2012
|''Conservapedia'' declared [[Rick Santorum]] the winner of the [[Colorado]] primary relatively early in the evening, long before all the results were in, and despite Romney later surpassing Santorum during part of the night
|Liberals delayed for hours before admitting that Santorum would win.
|Eventually the lamestream media admitted that Rick Santorum was the winner
|February 8, 2012
|-
|March 9, 2012
|"Disney movies, which have churned out liberal claptrap for more than a decade, strike out again on opening night for Disney's lame ''John Carter''. The last Disney movie to qualify for [[Greatest Conservative Movies]] was its brilliant Beauty and the Beast (1991)."
|Liberals don't criticize Disney as long it continues to promote [[feminism]] and other liberal drivel.
|The Disney film unit chairman "resigned following the company’s $200 million loss on the science-fiction picture 'John Carter,' possibly the biggest ever for a single movie."
|April 20, 2012
|-
|May 8, 2012
|Observed that [[Rick Santorum]] was a [[stalking horse candidate]] in 2012.
|Liberals were clueless.
|Santorum pulled out early from the race for president in 2016, and surprised other [[conservative]]s by endorsing the moderate [[Marco Rubio]], but as predicted by Conservapedia he [[Expected to endorse Jeb|did not endorse Jeb Bush]].
|February 3, 2016
|-
|June 23, 2012
|[[Overrated Sports Star]] "Tiger Woods -- hasn't won a major tournament in years, and yet he's still all that [[liberal]]s want to talk about in covering golf tournaments."<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Overrated_Sports_Stars&oldid=989076</ref>
|Hard to dispute this criticism.
|More than six years after Conservapedia's observation, Tiger Woods still "hasn't won a major tournament in years, and yet he's still all that liberals to talk about in covering golf tournaments."
|August 10, 2014
|-
|June 23, 2012
|''Conservapedia'' adds [[David Beckham]] to the list of [[Overrated Sports Stars]] <ref>http://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Overrated_Sports_Stars&oldid=989076</ref>
|Liberals desperately tried to find a role for Beckham, eventually having him play the absurd part of conveying the torch by speedboat to the Olympic Stadium while the final part of the ceremony was in progress.
|To the amazement of liberals, Beckham was not even selected for the British Olympic soccer team, even though other players over the age of 23 were selected. Subsequently, the media promoted Beckham as the likely final torchbearer, which was instead given to [[the best of the public]] (five unknown but rising young athletes).
|June 28, 2012
|-
|June 23, 2012
|Observing how overrated LeBron James is by the media.<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Overrated_Sports_Stars&direction=next&oldid=989112</ref>
|Disapproval of criticism
|Despite enormous media hype for James, he and his team were routed by little-known players on the San Antonio Spurs for the championship in 2014. The following year, [[Stephen Curry]] is widely recognized as the best player in the NBA, and he leads the unheralded ''Golden State Warriors'' to the championship and a record-setting 24–0 start in the subsequent season.
|June 15, 2014, and then year 2015
|-
|June 24, 2012
|''Conservapedia'' adds Manning to the list of [[Overrated Sports Stars]].<ref>http://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Overrated_Sports_Stars&oldid=989247</ref>
|Liberals insist that Manning will be better for Broncos, and pretend that politics had nothing to do with this surprise replacement. The following year the media virtually declare Manning to be one of the greatest players ever, and that praise continued in 2014.
|To the amazement of liberals, Manning throws 2 key interceptions that enable the underdog Ravens to humiliate the Broncos in Denver in their first playoff game in early 2013; in 2014 he throws twice as many interceptions as TDs in a humiliating loss for the Broncos the following year in the Super Bowl; and in 2015 he plays poorly as Denver is crushed in its first round of the playoffs.
|January 11, 2013, February 2, 2014, and January 11, 2015
|-
|August 13, 2012
|''Conservapedia'' observes that nations which adopt [[same-sex marriage]] then decline in competitiveness at the Olympics.<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=2012_Summer_Olympics&oldid=1000056</ref>
|Liberal denial
|Germany, which rejects [[same-sex marriage]], wins the [[World Cup]] without losing a single game, including a record-breaking 7–1 rout of Brazil in the semifinals.
|July 13, 2014
|-
|September 6, 2012
|''Conservapedia'' added [[God]]-denier [[Lance Armstrong]] to our list of [[Overrated Sports Stars]] <ref>http://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Overrated_Sports_Stars&oldid=1004539</ref>
|Liberal denial continued about Armstrong, insisting that he be removed from this entry because Armstrong continued to deny the obvious;<ref>[http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Overrated_Sports_Stars&diff=prev&oldid=1004539]</ref> the liberal Olympic bureaucrats refused for months to strip Armstrong of his medal, until after Armstrong admitted his doping.
|Finally and pathetically Armstrong admitted what he had so aggressively denied about doping.
|January 14, 2013
|-
|Fall 2012
|''Conservapedia'' repeatedly predicted that liberals would not allow one of the [[Greatest Conservative Sports Stars|Greatest Conservative Sports Star]]s, [[Tim Tebow]], to have any real playing time on the ''New York Jets'', and that it would pathetically fail without Tebow.
|Liberals insisted Tebow would play if the other QB failed, or that Tebow was not good enough to play, despite how he led the underachieving Broncos to a playoff victory against the highly ranked Steelers.
|The ''New York Jets'' failed miserably while never giving Tebow any real playing time, and the ''Jets'' were eliminated from playoff contention even before the last week of the season.<ref>http://www.lehighvalleylive.com/sports/index.ssf/2012/12/new_york_jets_eliminated_from.html</ref>
|December 18, 2012
|-
|November 18, 2012
|''Conservapedia'' observed that the ''L.A. Lakers'' had packed their starting line-up with [[Overrated Sports Stars]], and then hired their preferred coach despite how a better one was available.<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Overrated_Sports_Stars&oldid=1019273</ref>
|Liberals thought these players and the hiring of the new coach were good because the media told them so.
|In 2013, the ''L.A. Lakers'' barely made the playoffs, and then were routed by record-setting margins in the first round. Then, in 2014, the ''Lakers'' set a club record for the most ''losses'' in a season, and failed to make the playoffs.
|April 17, 2014
|-
|December 1, 2012
|"Indeed, it is debatable whether black holes exist at all."<ref>http://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Counterexamples_to_Relativity&oldid=1021604</ref>
|The [[liberal media]] claim black holes exist, so it must be true!!!
|Stephen Hawking admits, "There are no black holes."<ref>http://www.nature.com/news/stephen-hawking-there-are-no-black-holes-1.14583</ref>
|January 24, 2014
|-
|January 3, 2013<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Fidel_Castro&oldid=1026721</ref>
|[[Fidel Castro]] died in 2006 with a terminal illness in a Cuban hospital. The [[Obama Administration]] knew this and Barack Obama did not visit or even mention Fidel Castro during Obama's visit to Cuba in March 2016. Photos of stand-ins for Fidel Castro were the wrong height, and had him wearing thick scarves on hot days to hide the stand-in's younger neck and lack of wrinkles.
|Tepid liberal denial because the truth was obvious.
|Officials announce that Castro is dead on the eve of a government mandatory briefing of President-Elect Donald Trump, who would have exposed the lie to the public. Thousands of Marxist liberals then mourn the surprise "death" of one of the 20th century's greatest monsters.
|November 25, 2016
|-
|January 8, 2013
|"The liberal media go along with the communist cover-up about [[Hugo Chavez]], despite how he likely died in a Cuban hospital in December."<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Mainpageright&oldid=1028225</ref>
|Repeated insistence that reports in the lamestream media that Chavez was alive from December to March, including even a photo purporting to be him, must be true.
|Hugo Chávez is indeed dead, but the [[BBC]] claims he died nearly two months after Conservapedia had already informed the world of that fact.<ref>https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-21679053</ref> It is reported that Chavez's decomposition is too advanced for embalming. Proving he died much earlier than reported.<ref>[https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/03/13/us-venezuela-chavez-embalming-idUSBRE92C1GC20130313 Venezuela may be unable to embalm Chavez's remains]</ref>
|March 5, 2013
|-
| February 3, 2013
|''Conservapedia'' observed that extended 35-minute blackout at the [[Super Bowl]] was likely caused in part by the energy rationing mindset of liberals.<ref>http://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=1055150&oldid=1032962</ref>
|It was a faulty relay, the lamestream media and local authorities claimed.
|It was not a faulty relay - relays almost never fail in such a manner, as confirmed by an expert quoted by ''National Geographic''.
|February 9, 2013
|-
|April 23, 2013
|"Tamerlan Tsarnaev probably murdered his friend on a 9/11 anniversary, and DNA likely proves it."<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Main_Page&oldid=1048618</ref>
|Even though the DNA match is quick and known to the Obama Administration, even though there will be no trial of Tamerlan, and even though closure on the 9/11-anniversary murders would comfort families of the victims, liberals want the DNA match to continue to be withheld from the families and the public.
|More than two weeks later (and nearly three months later for the ''[[New York Times]]''), stories began to appear in the lamestream media that forensic evidence and cell phone records confirm the likely involvement of Tamerlan Tsarnaev in committing the gruesome murders.
|May 11, 2013 ([[mainstream media]] outside of [[New York Times]])
 July 10, 2013 ([[New York Times]])
|-
|June 13, 2013
|Added Tom Brady to the list of [[Overrated Sports Stars]].
|The [[liberal media]] pretend that the self-centered Tom Brady is one of the greatest football players ever, and brag about the multi-many-million dollar home he moved into.
|It was discovered that Brady had probably been cheating for an extended period by using deflated, easier-to-throw footballs in violation of NFL rules, and the NFL suspended him for four games. Brady fought the suspension, refused to apologize for his cheating, and lost on appeal.
 Lacking perfect pass protection and unable to use improperly deflated footballs, Brady demonstrated how lousy he really is by leading his team to an upset defeat at the 2016 AFC Championship game.
|May 11, 2015, and Jan. 24, 2016
|-
|July 1, 2013
|[[Best of the public]] is triumphing at [[Wimbledon]].<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Main_Page&oldid=1059301</ref>
|"You obviously don't understand tennis!" and "occasional upsets don't result in championships in big tennis tournaments!"
|15th seed Marion Bartoli won Wimbledon in 2013 '''''without losing a set the entire tournament''''', the rarest of achievements; two years later, the women's finals at the U.S. Open in 2015 did not include anyone ranked among the top 20 players; the champion at the women's U.S. Open in 2017, Sloane Stephens, was ranked only No. 934 in the world the month before.
|July 6, 2013; Sept. 12, 2015; Sept. 9, 2017
|-
|July 27, 2013
|Predicting liberal negativity, as required by the [[homosexual agenda]], towards the [[Winter Olympics]] because it was being hosted by pro-heterosexual Russia.<ref>http://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Winter_Olympics&oldid=1062259</ref>
|Liberal denial
|Russia was spectacular in successfully hosting the Olympics and winning the medals race, and several articles afterward were critical of the media and others in how they criticized Russia.<ref>http://www.nydailynews.com/sports/olympics/bondy-putin-games-worth-weight-gold-article-1.1699246</ref>
|February 23, 2014
|-
|May 15, 2015
|Criticizing the cover-up and the failure by [[Brandon Bostian]], a [[homosexual]] activist, to explain his accelerating a speeding Amtrak train into a curve, causing its derailment, killing of 8, and injury to more than 200.<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Mainpageright&oldid=1152838</ref>
|The federal government, the [[NTSB]], tries to cover up the wrongdoing and even scolds the Philadelphia mayor for criticizing Bostian; a year later, the NTSB issues a shamefully ridiculous report to cover up the wrongdoing further and even implicitly try to blame the [[Republican]] [[Congress]] for it.
|Bostian is charged with multiple serious crimes by the [[Pennsylvania]] Attorney General, after the local district attorney declined to prosecute.
|May 12, 2017
|-
|August 3, 2015
|Predicting that [[Lindsey Graham]] was merely a [[stalking horse candidate]] who would only temporarily pursue his "far-fetched candidacy" for the [[2016 presidential election|2016 presidential race]]<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Stalking_horse_candidate&oldid=1167261</ref>
|[[Liberal]]s were clueless.
|Lindsey Graham abruptly pulled out of the race in time to help [[Jeb Bush]] before [[Christmas]], and on January 15, 2016, endorsed Jeb Bush just as ''Conservapedia'' had predicted.<ref>https://www.politico.com/story/2016/01/lindsey-graham-to-endorse-jeb-bush-for-president-217838</ref>
|December 21, 2015, and January 15, 2016
|-
|August 11, 2015
|"Trump will take New Hampshire"<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Main_Page/Archive_index/139#What_if....</ref>
|[[Liberal]]s mocked Trump and thought he never had a chance.
|Trump won New Hampshire on his way to winning the nomination.
|February 9, 2016
|-
|August 11, 2015
|"Different candidates are expected to win the Iowa caucuses and the NH primary, rendering the subsequent primary in South Carolina very influential."<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=South_Carolina_primary&oldid=1168198</ref>
|
|In both the [[Republican]] and [[Democratic]] primaries, the prediction of Conservapedia came true despite polling to the contrary.
|February 1 and 9, 2016
|-
|September 6, 2015
|Conservapedia launches an "[[unplug the NFL]]" campaign in response to the religious discrimination by the [[NFL]] in excluding outspoken [[Christian]] [[Tim Tebow]], who experts widely agree is qualified to play in the league.
|[[Liberal]] [[double standard]] says religious discrimination against Tebow is OK, even though racial discrimination would not be.
|2.5 million Americans do "unplug the NFL" for [[Super Bowl|Super Bowl 50]], stunning experts who predicted a record TV audience.
|February 7, 2016
|-
|September 20, 2015
|Conservapedia observes that [[Jeb Bush]] is the [[Establishment]] candidate for the [[Republican]] nomination for president.<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Establishment&oldid=1172191</ref>
|Liberals were silent, perhaps hoping Jeb would defeat his more [[conservative]] rivals.
|Jeb Bush raised and spent far more campaign money than [[Donald Trump]], but was destroyed in a landslide by Trump in the 2016 election primaries. Then Jeb Bush's longtime top political adviser, Sally Bradshaw, left the [[Republican Party]] and declared that she will vote for [[Hillary Clinton]] if the race is close in [[Florida]].<ref>http://www.aol.com/article/2016/08/01/jeb-bush-adviser-sally-bradshaw-gop/21442889/</ref>
|August 1, 2016
|-
|January 27, 2016
|Conservapedia criticizes the [[feminist]] [[Megyn Kelly]] and explains how phony she is.<ref>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Megyn_Kelly&oldid=1195188</ref>
|The [[liberal media]] continue to give her a platform.
|[[NBC]] fired her after low television ratings and her comments about "blackface" that were deemed offensive<ref>https://www.cnbc.com/2018/10/26/nbc-news-cancels-megyn-kelly-today.html</ref> and untrue.<ref>https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/megyn-kelly-went-our-high-school-no-blackface-wasn-t-ncna925101</ref>
|October 26, 2018
|-
|February 18, 2016
|Conservapedia predicts that Barack Obama will not meet with "[[Fidel Castro]]" during Obama's visit to [[Cuba]], despite how a "Fidel" has met with other leading foreign dignitaries after the severely ill Fidel checked into and probably died in a Cuban hospital in 2006.
|Liberal denial persists about the obvious [[communist]] hoax in pretending that Fidel Castro recovered and voluntarily gave up power in 2006.
|The [[liberal media]] announce that Obama will not meet with [[Fidel Castro]] during Obama's multi-day visit there, yet the liberal media does not point out that the obvious reason is to avoid humiliation to Obama for meeting with a fake Fidel.
|March 20, 2016
|-
|July 7, 2016
|Concerning [[Donald Trump]] and [[Ted Cruz]], ''Conservapedia'' explained that "Trump is telling Ted that the train is leaving the station now, with or without Ted."<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Mainpageright&oldid=1245431</ref>
|Political "experts" downplayed the issue of whether Cruz would endorse Trump.
|[[Ted Cruz]] was loudly booed at the [[Republican National Convention]] for giving a speech that failed to endorse [[Donald Trump]], and two days later Trump said he would not accept a belated endorsement by Cruz.
|July 20, 2016
|-
|August 5, 2016
|''Conservapedia'' explains that [[joke sports]], [[political correctness]], endless swimming events won by the same person, and [[liberal claptrap]] by the media reduce [[America]]n interest in the [[Olympics]].<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Mainpageright&oldid=1268648</ref>
|[[Liberal media]] expects record audiences.
|Viewership is down sharply over the first five nights.
|August 10, 2016
|-
|August 9, 2016
|Conservapedia predicted that in the 21st century Britain would begin to become [[desecularization|desecularized]].<ref>[https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=British_atheism&diff=1269505&oldid=1269504 Difference between revisions of "British atheism"]</ref> In addition, previously Conservapedia pointed out multiple instances of the foolishness of the [[New Atheism|new atheist]] [[Richard Dawkins]].
|British atheists railed at Conservapedia. Richard Dawkins' fans behaved as if he were invincible. Wikipedia editors whine about Conservapedia taking a "strong critical stance" against public figures such as Richard Dawkins in the Wikipedia article on Conservapedia.
|On December 29, 2018, ''The Times'' publishes an article entitled ''Atheism is down as UK gets spiritual''.<ref>[https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/atheism-is-down-as-uk-gets-spiritual-z00nxczn7 Atheism is down as UK gets spiritual], ''The Times'', December 2018</ref> The [[Elevatorgate]] controversy dramatically reduced the public influence of Richard Dawkins and much public criticism has been directed his way - especially among atheists/[[agnosticism|agnostics]] (See: [[Richard Dawkins' loss of influence]] and [[Richard Dawkins]] and [[Atheist factions]]).
|December 29, 2018
|-
|August 17, 2016
|''Conservapedia'' criticized the [[liberal media]] and one of its favored athletes, Ryan Lochte, for telling and promoting a false tale of armed robbery near the [[2016 Summer Olympics]],<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Mainpageright&oldid=1271150</ref> which smeared the gracious hosts.
|Liberal denial continued to downplay or refuse to admit the falsehood.
|The truth came out, but liberal denial persisted and some continued to defend Ryan Lochte.
|August 19, 2016
|-
|October 21, 2016
|''Conservapedia'' observed that three effects will boost Donald Trump above his poll numbers in the election:
*Brexit effect - 5 point error by polls due to media bias causing people be afraid to be candid with pollsters
*Arnold Schwarzenegger/Reagan effect - 8-10 points better than polling,[68] due to media bias and also advantage enjoyed by Republican entertainers
*Scott Brown effect - many points due to much greater enthusiasm<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Main_Page&oldid=1284862</ref>
|sarcastic criticism and liberal denial
|Donald Trump exceeded the polling by about four points, and won an election that [[liberal]] experts predicted with great confidence that he would lose.
|November 8, 2016
|-
|November 7, 2016
|''Conservapedia'' observed that the second letter by disgraced FBI director [[James Comey]] to exonerate [[Hillary Clinton]] was actually helpful to Donald Trump, because it fed the backlash among the [[grassroots]] at the preferential treatment given to Hillary.<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Mainpageright&oldid=1288160</ref>
|[[Free trade]]rs at the ''Wall Street Journal'' falsely assert that the letter helps Hillary.
|In the post-election analysis, [[Hillary]]'s campaign confirmed that the letter hurt her even though it purportedly exonerated her.<ref>Fears, Danika (November 11, 2016). [http://nypost.com/2016/11/11/team-clinton-blames-james-comey-for-tuesday-night-massacre/?utm_source=zergnet.com&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=zergnet_1293073 Clinton aide’s bizarre explanation for Hillary’s humiliating loss]. ''The New York Post''. Retrieved November 16, 2016.</ref><ref>Chozick, Amy (November 12, 2016). [https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/13/us/politics/hillary-clinton-james-comey.html?_r=0 Hillary Clinton Blames F.B.I. Director for Election Loss]. ''The New York Times''. Retrieved November 16, 2016.</ref>
|November 16, 2016
|-
|December 9, 2016<ref>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Trump_Supreme_Court&oldid=1293364</ref>
|[[Neil Gorsuch]] supports [[judicial activism]] in favor of the [[homosexual agenda]]
|this criticism was shouted down by [[Fox News Channel]], [[liberal media]], and phony [[conservative]]s in [[D.C.]]
|Gorsuch wrote a sweeping decision for [[liberal]]s on the [[U.S. Supreme Court]] creating a special new right for [[transgender]]s and [[homosexuals]] to sue employers.
|June 15, 2020
|-
|March 21, 2017
|Supreme Court nominee [[Neil Gorsuch]] is not a strong [[conservative]] as pretended by his cheerleaders.<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Neil_Gorsuch&diff=1323361&oldid=13a06396</ref>
|A torrent of opposition to this criticism of Gorsuch, mostly by [[D.C.]]-based, faux [[conservative]] groups. The [[neoconservative]]-leaning ''[[National Review]]'' claimed that [[Andrew Schlafly]] “smeared” Gorsuch when Schlafly had called into question Gorsuch's supposed "pro-life" record.<ref>Two references:
*[https://www.nationalreview.com/bench-memos/andy-schlafly-smears-neil-gorsuch/ More Andy Schlafly Smears of Trump Supreme Court Candidate Neil Gorsuch—Part 1]
*[https://www.nationalreview.com/bench-memos/andy-schlafly-smears-neil-gorsuch-2/ More Andy Schlafly Smears of Trump Supreme Court Candidate Neil Gorsuch—Part 2]</ref>
|Barely a year later, Gorsuch then provided the swing vote by joining with four [[liberal]] Justices to block deportations by [[Trump]],<ref>https://www.politico.com/story/2018/04/17/immigration-ruling-gorsuch-528749</ref> and an analysis of Gorsuch's voting record in his first full Term revealed that he was more [[liberal]] than even Justice [[Anthony Kennedy]].<ref>https://reason.com/blog/2018/06/27/neil-gorsuch-was-more-liberal-than-antho</ref> On June 15, 2020, Gorsuch, along with Roberts, joined the liberal wing of the Court in ruling in favor of including sexual orientation in Title VII of the [[Civil Rights Act of 1964]].<ref>[https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/supreme-court-votes-6-3-to-redefine-sex-write-transgenderism-into-1964-law BREAKING: US Supreme Court votes 6-3 to redefine ‘sex,’ write transgenderism into 1964 law]</ref>
|April 17, 2018, June 28, 2018, and June 15, 2020
|-
|March 31, 2017
|[[Dems]] will attain the 41 votes necessary to successfully [[filibuster]] the confirmation of stealth candidate [[Neil Gorsuch]] to the [[U.S. Supreme Court]].<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Mainpageright&oldid=1327433</ref>
|[[RINO]]s and much of the [[liberal media]] doubted that the Dems would attain the 41 votes needed for a successful filibuster.
|Dems announce they have the 41 votes to block the [[pro-abortion]] nominee.
|April 3, 2017
|-
|June 17, 2017
|"[[White House]] [[Chief of staff]] [[Reince Priebus]] should be fired."<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template%3AMainpageright&diff=1354638&oldid=1354549</ref> On July 28, 2017, a Conservapedia admin wrote: "Priebus is going to lose this battle and get fired - especially since Scaramucci is so loyal to Trump".<ref>[http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Main_Page&diff=1363884&oldid=1363883 Main page talk edit by Conservapedia admin [[User:Conservative]] ]</ref>
|[[RINO]]s rally to his defense.
|[[Trump]] reportedly fired [[Reince Priebus]], although Priebus told the media he resigned perhaps to save face.
|July 29, 2017
|-
|Aug. 22, 2017
|Conservapedia picks up on and publicizes a hint by President [[Trump]] that he would pardon Sheriff [[Joe Arpaio]].<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Mainpageright&oldid=1369058</ref>
|[[Liberals]] pretend that such a pardon would not be constitutional.
|Trump pardoned Sheriff Joe Arpaio three days later.
|Aug. 25, 2017
|-
|June 16, 2018
|Conservapedia points out how [[Kevin Durant]] is comparable in achievement to [[LeBron James]], and yet the media overhypes LeBron James to a ridiculous extent.<ref>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Overrated_Sports_Stars&oldid=1428790</ref>
|The [[lamestream media]] tout "Team LeBron" as the Western All-Star team in the 2019 contest.<ref>It should be noted that the teams were named based on their captains, who received the top fan votes in each conference (LeBron in the Western Conference, and Giannis in the Eastern Conference). The teams were not set based on conference (e.g. Eastern Conference All-Stars vs. Western Conference All-Stars), as with other sports leagues all-star games, but outside of the captains the teams were set via a mock "draft".</ref>
|[[Kevin Durant]] carries his side, "Team LeBron," to victory and Durant wins the MVP.
|February 17, 2019
|-
|July 8, 2018
|Conservapedia predicts that [[Brett Kavanaugh]] will be nominated to the [[U.S. Supreme Court|Supreme Court]] by [[Trump]].<ref>http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Mainpageright&oldid=1432359</ref>
|Judge [[Andrew Napolitano]] said the next day on [[Fox News Channel|Fox News]] that Kavanaugh had been eliminated from consideration.
|Trump nominates Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court just as we predicted.
|July 9, 2018
|-
|September 19, 2018
|Conservapedia predicted: "[[Brett Kavanaugh]] will be confirmed. [[Social conservatism|Social conservatives]], [[religious freedom]] advocates and [[Originalism|constitutional orginalists]] will soon be breaking out the [[champagne]] bottles."[https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Mainpageright&diff=1449147&oldid=1449146]
|Mainstream media repeatedly featured [[Kavanaugh smear|uncorroborated/spurious/outrageous claims]] against [[Brett Kavanaugh]] and were largely silent about information pointing to unreliability of [[Christine Blasey Ford]].
|Justice Brett Kavanaugh was confirmed to the U.S. Supreme Court. Right-wing news outlets and websites celebrate. For example, the right-wing website Townhall publishes an article entitled '''Let's Do This': After Owning Liberals Today, [[Mike Pence]] Takes A Victory Lap In Front Of Kavanaugh Protesters''<ref>[https://townhall.com/tipsheet/mattvespa/2018/10/06/lets-do-this-after-owning-liberals-today-mike-pence-takes-a-victory-lap-in-front-of-kavanaugh-protesters-n2526125 'Let's Do This': After Owning Liberals Today, Mike Pence Takes A Victory Lap In Front Of Kavanaugh Protesters], Townhall, October 6, 2018</ref>
|October 6, 2018
|-
|November 10, 2018<ref>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Mainpageright&oldid=1466487</ref>
|Conservapedia criticizes the $9M, pay-per-view "Match" between two [[Overrated Sports Stars]] who had not won a golf major in many years.
|The [[liberal media]] promote the contest as though it is something special rather than a con.
|There was widespread criticism of the event afterwards, and refunds were even offered based on technical difficulties for viewers who had paid to watch it.
|November 23, 2018
|-
|October 13, 2019<ref>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Terrorism&oldid=1581375</ref>
|Conservapedia recognizes that [[Antifa]] is a terrorist organization.
|[[Liberal]]s continue to pretend that Antifa is a legitimate, peaceful protest group.
|After days of violent protests apparently organized in part behind-the-scenes, President [[Trump]] tweets that Antifa will be officially designated as a terrorist organization.
|May 31, 2020
|-
|October 20, 2019
|Conservapedia observes that [[CPAC]] is drifting away from its [[conservative]] mission, per [[O’Sullivan’s First Law]].<ref>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=O%E2%80%99Sullivan%E2%80%99s_First_Law&oldid=1584651</ref>
|[[Liberal denial]] pretends that CPAC remains ultra-rightwing.
|CPAC banishes firebrand Rep. [[Marjorie Taylor Greene]] from speaking at their annual conference, and she has to deliver her speech at a neighboring hotel.
|February 19, 2021
|-
|October 25, 2019<ref>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Mainpageright&oldid=1586982</ref>
|Conservapedia recognizes the stunning, unexpected success by the [[best of the public]] ''Washington Nationals'' after they dumped their [[Overrated Sports Star]], as the Nationals swept the NLCS and went 2-0 in the [[World Series]].
|The media-favored ''Houston Astros'' then won the next three games to take a 3-2 lead in the Series.
|The ''Nationals'' won the next two games, including a come-from-behind finale, to win an upset victory and become World Champions.
|October 30, 2019
|-
|March 3, 2020<ref>https://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Ben_Sasse&diff=1626686&oldid=1451634</ref>
|Conservapedia noted that Sen. [[Ben Sasse]] (R–NE) is an [[anti-Trump]] [[RINO]].
|Liberals believed that Sasse was insufficiently opposed to Trump and continued to label him an "enabler".
|Sasse ridiculously blamed Trump over a breaking and entering at the [[United States Capitol Building]] led likely by [[Antifa]] infiltrators and said that he would consider impeaching him over it.<ref>Swanson, Ian (January 8, 2021). [https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/533302-sasse-says-hed-consider-impeaching-trump Sasse says he'd consider impeaching Trump]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved January 10, 2021.</ref>
|January 8, 2021
|-
|April 11 and May 27, 2020
|Conservapedia predicts that flawed studies will be widely publicized to falsely disparage [[hydroxychloroquine]] as a safe and effective treatment for [[COVID-19]]
|The media heavily promote a study published by the prestigious [[British]] medical journal the ''Lancet'', which disparages hydroxychloroquine
|''Lancet'' retracts its widely publicized article in a complete humiliation.
|June 4, 2020
|-
|May 29, 2020<ref>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Mainpageright&oldid=1652069</ref>
|Conservapedia was first to point out that the violent protesters of George Floyd were actually white [[Leftist]]s brought in to cause havoc.
|The [[liberal media]] pretends that the protests were organic among the local communities.
|The mayor of St. Paul announces that every single arrested protester was from out-of-state.
|May 30, 2020
|-
|July 24, 2020<ref>https://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Remdesivir&oldid=1670741</ref>
|Conservapedia observed that "[[Remdesivir]] is an overpriced, mostly ineffective patented medication being promoted by liberals to treat [[coronavirus]]."<ref>https://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Remdesivir&oldid=1670741</ref>
|[[Liberal]]s at the [[FDA]] and elsewhere continued to promote remedesivir for treating [[COVID-19]] patients, and [[Trump's inept advisers]] even gave it to him rather than [[hydroxychloroquine]].
|[[CNN]] eventually admitted -- nearly 3 months later -- that remdesivir does not help, based on a massive global study. Even the globalist [[WHO]] later said that there was no proof of effectiveness for the drug and advised against using it.<ref>[https://dailycaller.com/2020/11/20/world-health-organization-advises-against-remdesivir-coronavirus-treatment/ WHO Advises Against Remdesivir, The Drug Used To Treat Trump]</ref>
|Oct. 16, 2020 and November 20, 2020
|-
|August 1, 2020
|Conservapedia identifies [[Mark Meadows]] as one of [[Trump's inept advisers]].
|[[Liberal media]] covers for Meadows because he undermined Trump.
|Former Overstock CEO attends a 4.5 hour [[White House]] meeting and exposes Meadows for misleading [[Trump]] and giving reflexively bad advice based on what the [[liberal media]] might think.<ref>https://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2020/12/betrayed-within-patrick-byrne-blasts-white-house-staff-attending-election-meeting-president-trump-sydney-powell-gen-flynn/</ref>
|December 20, 2020
|-
|August 1, 2020
|Conservapedia observes the folly pushed by [[Trump's inept advisers]] for him to shut down the popular TikTok app.
|[[Liberal]]s relished the political impact of such a disruption.
|President Trump overrode his advisers and gave [[China]] 45 days to sell TikTok to an [[American]] company.
|August 3, 2020
|-
|September 17, 2020<ref>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Mainpageright&oldid=1687849</ref>
|[[Leftist]] universities try to delay starting their [[football]] seasons until after millions vote, to hurt [[Trump]]
|[[Liberal]]s know that [[American]]s credit Trump with the resumption of football.
|The [[Pac-12]] announced that it would restart its season, but not for nearly seven weeks: the first weekend '''''after''''' [[Election Day]].
|September 24, 2020
|-
|October 2020<ref>https://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections,_2020&offset=&limit=500&action=history</ref>
|Conservapedia notes election ratings "experts" such as the Cook Political Report to be increasingly unreliable.
|Liberals in addition to [[MSM]] outlets like ''[[The Hill]]'' glorify Cook as if it was an extremely reliable source.
|Cook Political Report rated several House elections as "tossup" or "Lean D", and the Republican candidates there were victorious by significant margins. They considered [[Florida]]'s 27th district to be "Likely D", and the Republican candidate there won as well.
|November 4, 2020
|-
|October 9, 2020<ref>https://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Trump%27s_inept_advisers&oldid=1694210</ref>
|Conservapedia adds [[Bill Barr]] to the list of [[Trump's inept advisers]].
|[[Liberals]] criticize Barr as though he were doing something, when he was not.
|Barr resigns two months later, giving [[Trump]] only 9 days notice of leaving the job.
|December 14, 2020
|-
|Late October 2020<ref>https://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=United_States_Senate_elections,_2020&offset=&limit=500&action=history</ref>
|Conservapedia notes that the projected [[RCP]] averages for the [[2020 U.S. Senate elections|2020 Senate races]] are likely skewed to the left.
|[[Liberals]] and the [[MSM]] continued to promote the notion that the Republicans may likely lose crucial Senate seats, citing the polling included in the RCP aggregates.
|Final Senate results showed that most of the [[Republican]] candidates outperformed the projected [[RCP]] average by at least several percentage points.
|November 4, 2020
|-
|December 14, 2020<ref>https://conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Trump%27s_inept_advisers&oldid=1713263</ref>
|Conservapedia observes that [[Mike Pence]] is inept and weak.
|[[Liberals]] and some members of the "religious right" insist that Pence is capable and strong.
|Pence caves completely into [[liberal]]s on the issue of [[Objectors to Biden Electors|objecting to Biden electors]].
|January 6, 2021
|-
|}

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{communism}}
[[Category:Conservapedia]]

Isaac Newton

2021-06-16T18:14:01Z

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[[Image:Newton.png|right|200px]]
'''Sir Isaac Newton''' (1642-1727) was an [[England|English]] [[physicist]], [[astronomer]], [[mathematician]], [[theologian]], [[alchemy|alchemist]] and government official. He is one of the most well known [[scientist]]s in world history for his [[Theory of Universal Gravitation]], his Laws of Motion, and his theories in optics, as well as invention of differential [[calculus]].<ref>Newton's discovery of calculus was independent of, and likely before, a similar discovery of calculus by the German scientist [[Gottfried Leibniz]]. (Each accused the other of plagiarism, but neither could prove it. [http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Newton.html Newton Biography]).</ref> In addition, Newton invented the reflecting [[telescope]], and made numerous other contributions to his fields of study. His [[Classical mechanics]] comprises the four main fields of modern physics (alongside the later fields of [[electricity]] and [[magnetism]], [[thermodynamics]], and quantum mechanics).

Proving the value of [[Biblical scientific foreknowledge]], Newton attributed his insights to his efforts in translating the [[Bible]]: "Amongst the Interpreters of the last age there is scarce one of note who hath not made some discovery worth knowing; and thence seem to gather that [[God]] is about opening these mysteries."<ref>http://www.pretribulation.com/isaac-newton.htm</ref>

Newton's view of science was that far more remained undiscovered. "I do not know what I may appear to the world; but to myself I seem to have been only like a boy playing on the sea-shore, and diverting myself in now and then finding a smoother pebble or a prettier shell than ordinary, whilst the great ocean of truth lay all undiscovered before me."<ref>[http://www.bartleby.com/100/195.1.html Bartlett's Quotations]</ref>

Newton rejected basing scientific theories on assumptions rather than observations. "Hypotheses non fingo," Newton famously declared, which is Latin for "I feign no hypotheses."
* [Newton] "... believed that ideas in science should be tested and only accepted if their usefulness could be demonstrated." [http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v12/i3/newton.asp]
This stands in contrast with the [[Theory of Relativity]] that is contrary to Newtonian physics.

Newton emphasized that conclusions are drawn from experiments, "But hitherto I have not been able to discover the cause of those properties of gravity from phenomena, and I frame no hypotheses; for whatever is not deduced from the phenomena, is to be called an hypothesis; and hypotheses, whether metaphysical or physical, whether of occult qualities or mechanical, have no place in experimental philosophy."<ref>https://books.google.com/books?id=mlLAG5EUZqQC&pg=PA428&dq=I+have+not+been+able+to+discover+the+cause+of+those+properties+of+gravity+from+phenomena,+and+I+frame+no+hypotheses;+for+whatever+is+not+deduced+from+the+phenomena+is+to+be+called+a+hypothesis,+and+hypotheses,+whether+metaphysical+or+physical,+whether+of+occult+qualities+or+mechanical,+have+no+place+in+experimental+philosophy.&hl=en&ei=h_xmTdWUE4KCsQObj82mBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=9&ved=0CFAQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>

In 1705, in recognition of Isaac Newton's role as master of the [[Mint]], [[Queen Anne]] [[knighted]] him.<ref>[http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v12/i3/newton.asp Sir Isaac Newton (1642/3–1727): A Scientific Genius, by Ann Lamont]</ref> It was the first knighthood to be given for scientific achievement rather than prowess on the battlefield or work in government.<ref>[http://www.doesgodexist.org/NovDec01/IsaacNewtonAndGodsLawOfGravity.html Isaac Newton and God's Law of Gravity]</ref>

Newton is often seen as one of the most influential men in all of history and perhaps the greatest scientist ever. His work was influential in shaping the philosophical outlook of the entire [[Enlightenment]], especially after writers such as [[Voltaire]] published simplified versions comprehensible to the non-scientist.

==Life==
Newton was born on [[Christmas]] day December 25, 1642<ref>He was born a little more that a year after Galileo died. [[Italy]] and England used different calendars, however, so there is a mistake to the effect they died in the same year. Galileo died in 1641 by the English calendar.</ref> in Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire; his father, also Isaac, died before his birth. The senior Isaac Newton (1606–1642) was a wealthy but illiterate farmer who left extensive lands as well as goods worth £459, including a flock of 235 sheep and a herd of 46 cattle. The annual income was about £150, and Newton drew on that income to supplement his college fellowship while at Cambridge. The Newtons were a well-to-do, upwardly mobile family of farmers, but never had a prominent member. When he was a little more than two years old, his mother Hannah (1610–1679), remarried, and his upbringing was taken over by his maternal grandmother. He began his schooling in neighboring villages, and, at ten, was sent to the grammar school at Grantham, the nearest town of any size. He boarded during terms at the house of an apothecary from whom he may have derived his lifelong interest in chemistry. The young Newton seems to have been a quiet, not particularly bookish, lad, but very ready with his hands; he made sun dials, model windmills, a water clock, a mechanical carriage, and flew kites with lanterns attached to their tails. Throughout his life he built mechanical devices and fashioned his own tools for high-precision work.

In 1656, Newton's mother, on the death of her second husband, returned to Woolsthorpe and took her son out of school with the idea of making him a farmer. He hated farming. His mother, after considerable persuasion by his teacher at Grantham, who had recognized his intellectual gifts, allowed him to prepare for entrance to [[Cambridge University]]. In June 1661, he was admitted to prestigious Trinity College as a lowly "sub-sizar" (a student required to do work-study). The main curriculum was the study of Aristotle, but early in 1664, as Newton's notebooks indicate, he began an intensive self-study of geometry, Copernican astronomy and optics. On his own he read Descartes, Pierre Gassendi, Galileo, Robert Boyle, Thomas Hobbes, Kenelm Digby, Joseph Glanville, and Henry More. He was a loner with only one friend, but he was stimulated by the distinguished mathematician and theologian Isaac Barrow, Lucasian Professor of Mathematics, who recognized Newton's genius and did all he could to foster it.

Newton took his bachelor's degree in January 1665 and was selected for a scholarship in 1664 and a fellowship in 1667. Upon taking his MA he became one of Trinity college's sixty fellows, with an income of £60, part of which came in the form of room and board. He had no duties at Trinity over the next 28 years; he did no teaching apart from a few lectures (to nearly empty halls) and tutoring an occasional student. At the urging of Isaac Barrow in 1669 he wrote out some of his findings, which circulated in manuscript. He invented the reflecting telescope, which caused a sensation in London in 1671 and his election to the Royal Society. Newton became Lucasian professor of mathematics in 1669 at £100 per annum. Added to his fellowship and family estate, Newton was well off. He spent most of his time with experiments in alchemy and speculations in Arian theology, which had no influence whatever at the time or later. Newton made enemies easily, with an almost paranoid style of [[disputation]]. Many scientists in the era were repeatedly charging each other with plagiarism, and sometimes hid their discoveries in code so that in future years they could decode the message and claim priority. In 1704 he published his great book on ''Opticks'', which had been mostly written three decades before.

After his death and burial, Newton was exhumed so he could be buried in a more prominent location in [[Westminster Abbey]]. During this exhumation process, it was discovered that Newton had large amounts of [[mercury (element)|mercury]] in his body, probably as a direct result of his [[alchemy|alchemical]] experiments. Exposure to large amounts of mercury may explain Newton's eccentricity in his latter years, as well as his cause of death.<ref>[http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Newton.html Newton Biography]</ref>

==National affairs==
Publication in 1687 of the ''Principia'', considered by many to be the most important scientific publication ever, made Newton one of the best known intellectual figures in Europe. At the same time Newton became a leader of the University against King [[James II]], who was promoting Catholicism there. When James was overthrown, Newton's political reputation soared. In 1694 he suffered an emotional breakdown and his intellectual productivity ended. In 1696 he left Cambridge for London, where he became Warden of the [[mint|Royal Mint]]. The appointment was intended as an honorary sinecure for England's most famous intellectual, but Newton characteristically threw himself into a successful effort to reform the nation's coinage and crack down on counterfeiters. He became Master of the Mint in 1699; in 27 years as Master he averaged an income of about £1650 a year, one of the highest salaries in London. He was president of the Royal Society from 1703 to his death, turning that honorific position into an operational one that upgraded the Society's usefulness. In 1705 he became the first scientist in European history to be knighted.

Newton never married, but he brought his niece to London as his hostess and lived in upper class style.

==Year of great discovery==
The year 1666 is known as Newton's ''annus mirabilis'' (miraculous year—more precisely the two years 1665-1666), about twenty-four years of age. He later recalled, "For in those days I was in the prime of my age for invention & minded Mathematicks & Philosophy more than at any time since." (By "philosophy" he meant physics.)

===Calculus===
Newton broke ground with his innovative work founding the field of [[calculus]]. He had been motivated by the need for alternate ways to compute [[pi]]. He isolated a formulation of pi as the area under an [[arc]] of the unit circle; thus to calculate pi he would only have to compute this area. Whereas [[Pierre de Fermat]] had already worked out how to compute the areas under [[polynomial]] curves, Newton faced a curve given by a formula involving a [[square root]]. To solve this problem, he re-expressed the square root in terms of an infinite sum of polynomials—this was the motivating idea for his generalized binomial theorem. The standard binomial theorem gave an expansion for ''(x+y)n'' for any nonnegative [[integer]] ''n''. The resulting expression involves binomial [[coefficient]]s. Newton's work extended this theorem to all [[real]] values of ''n'', by using [[convergent]] [[infinite series]] and generalized binomial coefficients. Therefore, to compute the area under the arc, he simply had to use Fermat's theorem to compute the area under each of the polynomial terms of the infinite series and then add them together (proving along the way that this sum converges).

Proceeding from this method, Newton formulated the idea of [[integration]]—a computation of the area under any curve by using infinite series of areas. He followed that with a method for [[differentiation]], and came upon the [[fundamental theorem of calculus]], which relates differentiation and integration. Having invented the calculus, he put aside mathematics for two years and turned to physics.

Although Newton had communicated his discoveries in the calculus privately, he did not publish anything formal about it until finally, in 1704, he published ''Opticks''. In the meantime the German mathematician [[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]] had developed his own very similar version of the calculus. Both mathematicians used similar ideas of infinitesimals to smooth out details of division by zero and other seeming mathematical obstacles.

Although Leibniz acknowledged that Newton was earlier, a nasty priority conflict broke out in the 1710s. Newton and his (mainly English) followers accused Leibniz of plagiarism, and the Germans retaliated in kind. The modern view is that both mathematicians discovered the calculus independently. The symbolism in modern use comes from Leibniz and 18th century French mathematicians.

===Optics===
While waiting out [[The Plague]] he began to investigate the nature of [[light]]. White light, according to the prevailing theories, was homogeneous. His first experiments with a [[prism]] provided the true explanation of color. Passing a beam of sunlight through a prism, he observed that the beam spread out into a colored band of light ([[spectrum]]) like a rainbow.<ref>[http://www.webexhibits.org/colorart/bh.html Newton and the color spectrum]</ref> While others had undoubtedly performed similar experiments, it was Newton who showed that the differences in color were caused by differing degrees of refrangibility. A ray of violet light, for example, when passed through a refracting medium, was refracted through a greater angle than a ray of red light. His conclusions, checked by ingenious experiments, were that sunlight was a combination of all the colors and that the colors themselves were monochromatic (his term was "homogeneal"), and separated merely because they were of differing refrangibility.

== Gravity ==
[[Image:Isaac Newton apple.JPG|right|230px]]
Newton developed the [[Theory of Universal Gravitation]], more commonly known as gravity, when, according to Newton himself, he was thinking about the moon and saw an apple fall one day. It fell straight down, and why was that? Then he had one of the most astonishing and brilliant thoughts in human history: the moon and the apple were just alike and both were being drawn straight toward the earth. What then kept the moon up there, or the four moons of Jupiter in their orbits? His theory stated that all matter is attracted to matter by a force, whose strength increases proportionally to the mass of the objects involved, and inversely proportional to the squared distance between them. The moons stayed in place because they had a momentum that offset gravity and forced them into elliptical orbits.

Newton's theory is based on action-at-a-distance which has always been opposed by some scientists, and now most physicists endorse the very different [[theory of relativity]]. Both theories predict identical results at small scales, similar results at the scale of the [[solar system]] and very different results at [[Cosmology|cosmological]] scales beyond the [[solar system]].

Newton had already made great progress in his devising "method of fluxions" (the infinitesimal calculus). During the plague years he recorded his first thoughts on gravitation, inspired by watching an apple fall. It fell straight down—why was that? He was trying at that time to determine what type of force could hold the moon in its path. The fall of the apple led him to think that it might be the same gravitational force, suitably diminished by distance, that had acted on the apple. Thereby he discovered the law of [[gravitation]] (attraction is proportional with inverse distance squared). He verified his conjecture approximately by a numerical calculation. He did not, at the time, pursue the matter, because the problem of calculating the combined attraction of the whole earth on a small body near its surface was obviously one of great difficulty.<ref>The problem was enormously simplified when he later used his calculus to prove that, for purposes of gravity, a uniform sphere of any size can be considered as a single mass located at one point, the center.</ref>

Newton struggled with how to conceptualize gravity. He had early rejected Descartes's vortex account of the cause of the motion of the planets. Descartes had argued that forces were transmitted through contact and that this required that matter be continuous and that hence there could be no vacuums. As early as 1665 Newton attempted to find a physical explanation of the cause of gravity but never found a suitable answer. As Newton said later in his ''Principia,'' "I have not as yet been able to deduce from phenomena the reason for these properties of gravity, and I do not feign hypotheses. For whatever is not deduced from the phenomena must be called hypothesis; and hypotheses, whether metaphysical or physical, or based on occult qualities, or mechanical, have no place in experimental philosophy". Thus Newton offers no explanation of gravity but shows through his mathematics that it "acts" in accordance to the mathematical laws he offers us in the ''Principia''. This was a difficult approach for his contemporaries to accept. [[Robert Hooke]], in particular, saw experimentation as the heart of science and disapproved of Newton's focus on theory and mathematics.

==Three laws==
See [[Classical mechanics]]

Later in life, as a holder of the Cambridge Lucasian chair of mathematics, Newton worked out his initial ideas into a set of mechanical laws, with his second and most important law: Force is the rate of change of momentum with respect to time. This can often be simplified, in the case of constant mass to the well known <math>\scriptstyle F = m a</math>. Newton was the first to understand the concept of inertial forces, notably the centrifugal force, although Christian Huyghens was close to understanding this effect. In 1684 Newton proved that [[Johannes Kepler|Kepler's laws]] follow from his own second law in conjunction with his gravitational law. This proof completed the astronomical revolution initiated by [[Nicolaus Copernicus]].

==Principia Mathematica==
Newton avoided publishing his results, preferring to communicate them to close colleagues. It took [[Edmond Halley]] great efforts to convince Newton to write his opus magnum ''Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica'' ("Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy" written in Latin, it was called the ''Principia'') that appeared in 1687. A second expanded edition appeared in 1713. It was a work on [[Classical mechanics|mechanics]] that used Newton's new principle of universal gravitation to explain falling bodies on the earth and the motions of planets and comets in the heavens. The first part covers [[dynamics]] and includes Newton's three famous laws of motion. The second part concerns fluid motion; the third part deals with "the system of the world" ("De mundi systemate"), that is, the unification of terrestrial and celestial mechanics under the principle of gravitation and the explanation of Kepler's laws of planetary motion. The material was very advanced and difficult, especially since the underlying calculus was deliberately hidden from view. Scientists across Europe immediately recognized its importance and tried to read it.

==Newtonianism==
Feingold (2004) explains the rapid dissemination of Newton's science came first via the members of the Royal Society, both British and Continental. The scientists, mathematicians, and philosophers of Germany, Holland, France, and Italy read the editions of the ''Principia'' and the ''Opticks'' and taught the ideas to their students. Newton's work was widely accepted, except in Italy, where the Catholic Church, having silenced Galileo, tried as well to suppress Newton's ideas. Despite the importance of Descartes to the French, Newton carried the day in France. [[Voltaire]] in particular made Newton the great hero of the modern world of ideas. Voltaire's ''Elemens de la philosophie de Neuton,'' (1737), was a success that rendered Newton intelligible and his work accessible, to the nonspecialists and amateurs who flourished in the [[Enlightenment]]. In Germany [[Leibniz]] praised Newton's ''Principia'', but was uncomfortable with Newton's position regarding gravity. It was philosophically untenable to merely dismiss the problem of its cause. French scientists, especially [[Pierre Simon Laplace]] (1749-1827) developed and systemized Newton's ideas into modern [[Classical mechanics]] in the late 18th century.<ref>Roger Hahn, ''Pierre Simon Laplace, 1749-1827: A Determined Scientist.'' (2005). 310 pp.</ref>

Newton's science dominated science and educated thought throughout the 18th century, being seen as the highest achievement of pure reason and classical culture.<ref>Feingold, ''The Newtonian Moment'' (2004); Larry Stewart, ''The Rise of Public Science: Rhetoric, Technology, and Natural Philosophy in Newtonian Britain, 1660-1750.'' (1992)</ref> In the 19th century, however, Romantic scientists went in entirely new directions, exploring non-Newtonian topics in electricity, magnetism and thermodynamics, and in mathematics turning to topics unrelated to calculus, like group theory. The leading German poet, [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] - who was also a renowned Natural philosopher - even tried to challenge Newton's optics.

== Religious Beliefs ==
Newton was an [[Arian]] (Illegalized in Europe since the First Council of Nicaea) who rejected the Trinity and was ambiguous about the divinity of Christ. As his leading biographer concludes, "Well before 1675, Newton had become an Arian in the original sense of the term." That is, he emphasized the powers of God the father and deemphasized Jesus.<ref>Westfall, ''Never at Rest'' p. 103. Westfall notes, p. 350, "No evidence at all indicates that Newton ceased to be an Arian."</ref> He considered himself a [[Christian]] who accepted the [[Bible]] as the Word of [[God]],<ref>"I have a fundamental belief in the [[Bible]] as the Word of God, written by those who were inspired. I study the Bible daily." Tiner, J.H. (1975). Isaac Newton: Inventor, Scientist and Teacher. Milford, Michigan, U.S.: Mott Media.</ref> after the age of 25 he devoted much—perhaps most—of his thinking to religion. His unorthodox views violated the rules at Cambridge University, but his colleagues protected him. Newton wrote the book ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=cIoPAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA1&dq=%22An+Historical+Account+of+Two+Notable+Corruptions+of+Scripture%22#v=onepage&q=&f=false An Historical Account of Two Notable Corruptions of Scripture]'' and removed the parts of 1 John 5:7-8 and 1 Timothy 3:16 that do not appear in the earliest [[Koine Greek]] [[New Testament]] manuscripts. The first one is called the ''[[Johannine Comma]]'' in Latin. These passages in the KJV are (with the unoriginal parts added later in '''''red'''''):

:7 For there are three that bear record ['''''in heaven, the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost: and these three are one. 8 And there are three that bear witness in earth,'''''] the Spirit, and the water, and the blood: and these three agree in one. (1 John 5:7-8)
:And without controversy great is the mystery of godliness: God ['''''was manifest in the flesh'''''], justified in the Spirit, seen of angels, preached unto the Gentiles, believed on in the world, received up into glory. (1 Timothy 3:16)

And in [[Koine Greek]]:

:7 ὅτι τρεῖς εἰσιν οἱ μαρτυροῦντες ['''''ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ, ὁ Πατήρ, ὁ Λόγος, καὶ τὸ Ἅγιον Πνεῦμα· καὶ οὗτοι οἱ τρεῖς ἔν εἰσι. 8 καὶ τρεῖς εἰσιν οἱ μαρτυροῦντες ἐν τῇ γῇ'''''] τὸ πνεῦμα καὶ τὸ ὕδωρ καὶ τὸ αἷμα, καὶ οἱ τρεῖς εἰς τὸ ἕν εἰσιν. (1 John 5:7-8)
:και ομολογουμενως μεγα εστιν το της ευσεβειας μυστηριον θεος ['''''εφανερωθη εν σαρκι'''''] εδικαιωθη εν πνευματι ωφθη αγγελοις εκηρυχθη εν εθνεσιν επιστευθη εν κοσμω ανεληφθη εν δοξη. (1 Timothy 3:16)

Newton was a sincere religious believer, who said his discoveries were inspired by [[God]]. He devoted more time to the study of Scripture than to science. Newton wrote, "This most beautiful system of the sun, planets, and comets, could only proceed from the counsel and dominion of an intelligent Being... All variety of created objects which represent order and life in the universe could happen only by the willful reasoning of its original Creator, Whom I call the Lord God."

Newton believed that God's creation of the universe was self-evident given its grandeur.<ref>Webb, R.K. ed. Knud Haakonssen. “The emergence of Rational Dissent.” Enlightenment and Religion: Rational Dissent in eighteenth-century Britain. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 1996. p19.</ref> He also warned against using his laws to replace the creator. He said, "Gravity explains the motions of the planets, but it cannot explain who set the planets in motion. God governs all things and knows all that is or can be done."<ref>Tiner, J.H. (1975). Isaac Newton: Inventor, Scientist and Teacher. Milford, Michigan, U.S.: Mott Media.</ref>

Newton wrote over a million words on religion—nearly all in unpublished hand-written manuscripts and unavailable for research until the 20th century. Although older scholars did not have access to his writings, "Among contemporary scholars, the consensus is that Newton was an Arian," concludes Pfizenmaier (1997).<ref>Thomas C. Pfizenmaier, "Was Isaac Newton an Arian?," ''Journal of the History of Ideas,'' Vol. 58, No. 1 (Jan., 1997), pp. 57-80 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/3653988 in JSTOR]</ref> Arians were Christians but the Arian theology died out as an organized force a thousand years before; Newton read the old texts and identified himself with Arius and his beliefs.

In an effort to debunk widespread claims of his time that the world would be ending soon, Newton wrote a private manuscript estimating that the world would not end prior to the year A.D. 2060.<ref>http://www.isaac-newton.org/newton_2060.htm</ref>

== Quotes ==

* "Opposition to godliness is [[Atheism]] in profession and idolatry in practice. Atheism is so senseless and odious to mankind that it never had many professors." - Sir Isaac Newton<ref>Newton, Isaac. ''A Short Scheme of the True Religion''. Unpublished writing quoted in Brewster, David (1855).</ref>

==References==
<references/>

==Bibliography==
* Bardi, Jason Socrates. ''The Calculus Wars: Newton, Leibniz, and the Greatest Mathematical Clash of All Time.'' (2006). 277 pp. [https://www.amazon.com/Calculus-Wars-Leibniz-Greatest-Mathematical/dp/1560259922/ref=sr_1_4?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1196345258&sr=8-4 excerpt and text search]
* Bechler, Zev. ''Newton's Physics and the Conceptual Structure of the Scientific Revolution.'' (1991). 588 pp.
* Berlinski, David. ''Newton's Gift: How Sir Isaac Newton Unlocked the System of the World.'' (2000). 256 pp. [https://www.amazon.com/Newtons-Gift-Newton-Unlocked-System/dp/0743217764/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1196345336&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Buchwald, Jed Z. and Cohen, I. Bernard, eds. ''Isaac Newton's Natural Philosophy.'' MIT Press, 2001. 354 pp. [https://www.amazon.com/Newtons-Natural-Philosophy-Institute-Technology/dp/0262524252/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1196345369&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Casini, P. "Newton's Principia and the Philosophers of the Enlightenment." ''Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London'' 1988 42(1): 35–52. Issn: 0035-9149 Fulltext: [http://www.jstor.org/pss/531368 Jstor]
* Christianson, Gale E. ''Isaac Newton and the Scientific Revolution.'' Oxford U. Press, 1996. 160 pp. [https://www.amazon.com/Isaac-Newton-Lives-Legacies-Christianson/dp/019530070X/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1196337095&sr=1-2 excerpt and text search]
* Christianson, Gale E. ''In the Presence of the Creator: Isaac Newton and His Times.'' (1984). 608 pp.
* Cohen, I. Bernard and Smith, George E., ed. ''The Cambridge Companion to Newton.'' (2002). 500 pp. focuses on philosophical issues only; [https://www.amazon.com/Cambridge-Companion-Newton-Companions-Philosophy/dp/0521656966/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1196337095&sr=1-3 excerpt and text search]; [http://www.questia.com/read/105054986 complete edition online]
* Cohen, I. Bernard. ''The Newtonian Revolution with Illustrations of the Transformation of Scientific Ideas.'' Cambridge U. Press, 1981. 404 pp. [https://www.amazon.com/Newtonian-Revolution-I-Bernard-Cohen/dp/0521273803/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1196345406&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* DeGandt, François. ''Force and Geometry in Newton's Principia.'' Princeton U. Press, 1995. 296 pp.
* Dobbs, Betty Jo Teeter. ''The Janus Faces of Genius: The Role of Alchemy in Newton's Thought.'' Cambridge U. Press, 1991. 359 pp.
* Fara, Patricia. ''Newton: The Making of a Genius.'' Columbia U. Press, 2003. 347 pp [https://www.amazon.com/Newton-Making-Genius-Patricia-Fara/dp/023112807X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1196345174&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Fauvel, John et al., ed. ''Let Newton Be!'' Oxford U. Press, (1989). 272 pp.
* Feingold, Mordechai. ''The Newtonian Moment: Isaac Newton and the Making of Modern Culture.'' (2004) 218 pp. catalog of exhibit at New York Public Library, 2004-5
* Force, James E. and Hutton, Sarah, ed. ''Newton and Newtonianism: New Studies.'' (2004). 246 pp. [https://www.amazon.com/Newton-Newtonianism-International-internationales-dhistoire/dp/1402019696/ref=sr_1_5?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1196345450&sr=8-5 excerpt and text search]
* Gjertsen, Derek. ''The Newton Handbook.'' (1987). 665 pp.
* Gleick, James. ''Isaac Newton.''(2003). 272 pp.
* Hall, A. Rupert. ''All Was Light: An Introduction to Newton's Opticks.'' Oxford U. Press, 1993. 252 pp.
* Hall, A. Rupert. ''Isaac Newton: Adventurer in Thought.'' (1992). 468 pp. [https://www.amazon.com/Isaac-Newton-Adventurer-Cambridge-Biographies/dp/052156669X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1196336989&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Hofmann, Joseph Ehrenfried. ''Classical Mathematics: A Concise History of the Classical Era in Mathematics.'' (1959) [http://www.questia.com/library/book/classical-mathematics-a-concise-history-of-the-classical-era-in-mathematics-by-joseph-ehrenfried-hofmann.jsp online edition]
* Hoskin, Michael. "Newton and Newtonianism" pp 130–67 in Hoskin, ed. ''The Cambridge Concise History of Astronomy'' (1999) [https://www.amazon.com/Cambridge-Concise-History-Astronomy/dp/0521576008/ref=si3_rdr_bb_product excerpt and text search]
* Kline, Morris. ''Mathematical Thought from Ancient to Modern Times''. Volume: 1. (1972).
* Mandelbrote, Scott. ''Footprints of the Lion: Isaac Newton at Work.'' Cambridge U. Press, (2001). 142 pp
* Olby, R.c. et al. ''Companion to the History of Modern Science.'' (1990) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=106933088 online edition], on the history of Newtonianism
* Park, Katharine, and Lorraine Daston, eds. ''The Cambridge History of Science, Volume 3: Early Modern Science'' (2006) [https://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/0521572444/ref=sib_dp_bod_toc?ie=UTF8&p=S008#reader-link excerpt and text search]
* Rankin, William. ''Introducing Newton'' (3rd ed. 2007) [https://www.amazon.com/Introducing-Newton-Introducing-William-Rankin/dp/1840468424/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1196345513&sr=1-2 excerpt and text search]
* Sepper, Dennis L. ''Newton's Optical Writings: A Guided Study.'' Rutgers U. Press, 1994. 224 pp. [https://www.amazon.com/Newtons-Optical-Writings-Masterworks-Discovery/dp/081352038X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1196337057&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Shapiro, Alan E. ''Fits, Passions, and Paroxysms: Physics, Method, and Chemistry and Newton's Theories of Colored Bodies and Fits of Easy Reflection.'' Cambridge U. Press, (1993). 400 pp.
* Thrower, Norman J. W., ed. ''Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: A Longer View of Newton and Halley: Essays Commemorating the Tercentenary of Newton's Principia and the 1985-1986 Return of Comet Halley.'' U. of California Press, 1990. 429 pp.
* Westfall, Richard S. ''Never at Rest: A Biography of Isaac Newton.'' 2 vol. Cambridge U. Press, 1981. 895 pp. the major scholarly biography [https://www.amazon.com/Never-Rest-Biography-Cambridge-Paperback/dp/0521274354/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1196337354&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
** Westfall, Richard S. ''The Life of Isaac Newton.'' Cambridge U. Press, (1993). 328 pp., short version [https://www.amazon.com/Life-Isaac-Newton-Canto-original/dp/0521477379/ref=sip_rech_dp_10 excerpt and text search]
* Westfall, Richard S. "Newton, Sir Isaac (1642–1727)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (2004); online edition
* White, Michael. ''Isaac Newton: The Last Sorcerer.'' (1998). 416 pp. Newton as alchemist [http://www.questia.com/read/9931462 online edition]
===Newton and religion===
* Dobbs, Betty Jo Tetter. ''The Janus Faces of Genius: The Role of Alchemy in Newton's Thought.'' (1991), links the alchemy to Arianism
* Force, James E., and Richard H. Popkin, eds. ''Newton and Religion: Context, Nature, and Influence.'' (1999), 342pp . Pp. xvii + 325. 13 papers by scholars using newly opened manuscripts
* Ramati, Ayval. "The Hidden Truth of Creation: Newton's Method of Fluxions" ''British Journal for the History of Science'' 34: 417–438. [http://www.jstor.org/stable/4028372 in JSTOR], argues that his calculus had a theological basis
* Snobelen, Stephen D. "'God of Gods, and Lord of Lords': The Theology of Isaac Newton's General Scholium to the Principia," ''Osiris,'' 2nd Series, Vol. 16, (2001), pp. 169–208 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/301985 in JSTOR]
* Snobelen, Stephen D. "Isaac Newton, Heretic: The Strategies of a Nicodemite," ''British Journal for the History of Science'' 32: 381–419. [http://www.jstor.org/stable/4027945 in JSTOR]
* Pfizenmaier, Thomas C. "Was Isaac Newton an Arian?," ''Journal of the History of Ideas,'' Vol. 58, No. 1 (Jan., 1997), pp. 57–80 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/3653988 in JSTOR]
* Westfall, Richard S. ''Never at Rest: A Biography of Isaac Newton.'' 2 vol. Cambridge U. Press, 1981. 895 pp. the major scholarly biography [https://www.amazon.com/Never-Rest-Biography-Cambridge-Paperback/dp/0521274354/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1196337354&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Wiles, Maurice. ''Archetypal Heresy. Arianism through the Centuries.'' (1996) 214pp, with chapter 4 on 18th century England; pp 77–93 on Newton [https://www.amazon.com/Archetypal-Heresy-Arianism-through-Centuries/dp/0199245916/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1221655973&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search],

===Primary sources===
* Newton, Isaac. ''The Principia: Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy.'' U. of California Press, (1999). 974 pp.
* Newton, Isaac. ''The Optical Papers of Isaac Newton. Vol. 1: The Optical Lectures, 1670-1672.'' Cambridge U. Press, 1984. 627 pp.
* Newton, Isaac. ''Opticks'' (4th ed. 1730) [https://books.google.com/books?id=GnAFAAAAQAAJ&dq=newton+opticks&pg=PP1&ots=Nnl345oqo_&sig=0mBTaXUI_K6w-JDEu_RvVq5TNqc&prev=http://www.google.com/search?q=newton+opticks&rls=com.microsoft:en-us:IE-SearchBox&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&sourceid=ie7&rlz=1I7GGLJ&sa=X&oi=print&ct=title&cad=one-book-with-thumbnail online edition]
* Newton, Isaac. ''The Mathematical Papers of Isaac Newton,'' 8 vols. (Cambridge University Press, 1967–81).
* Newton, Isaac. ''The correspondence of Isaac Newton,'' ed. H. W. Turnbull and others, 7 vols. (1959–77).
* Brackenridge, J. Bruce. ''The Key to Newton's Dynamics: The Kepler Problem and the Principia: Containing an English Translation of Sections 1, 2, and 3 of Book One from the First (1687) Edition of Newton's Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy.'' U. of California Press, 1996. 299 pp.
* ''Newton's Philosophy of Nature: Selections from His Writings'' edited by H. S. Thayer, (1953), [http://www.questia.com/read/5876270 online edition]
* Newton, Isaac. ''Observations upon the Prophecies of Daniel, and the Apocalypse of St. John'' [https://www.gutenberg.org/files/16878/16878-h/16878-h.htm The Project Gutenberg EBook]

==External links==
*[http://www.relativitycalculator.com/Newton_Axioms.shtml Isaac Newton's Laws of Motion]
*[http://www.college-optometrists.org/index.aspx/pcms/site.college.What_We_Do.museyeum.online_exhibitions.observatory.newton/ Newton & the Colour of Light]
* [https://librivox.org/author/2836 Works by Sir Isaac Newton - text and free audio] - [[LibriVox]]

{{Greatest Thinkers}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Newton, Isaac}}
{{communism}}
[[Category:Physicists]]
[[Category:Astronomers]]
[[Category:Mathematicians]]
[[Category:Calculus]]
[[Category:Christians]]
[[Category:Enlightenment]]
[[Category:Featured articles]]
[[Category:Isaac Newton|*]]
[[Category:Deists]]
[[Category:Scientific Pioneers]]

Equal Rights Amendment

2021-06-16T18:13:43Z

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{{discrimlaw}}

The so-called '''Equal Rights Amendment''' ('''ERA''') was a proposed amendment to the [[United States Constitution]] passed by Congress in 1972 and sent to the states for ratification with a deadline for ratification of seven years. Its deadline for ratification was March 22, 1979, which Congress later attempted improperly to extend to June 30, 1982. It was the subject of an historical miniseries in 2020 entitled ''Mrs. America'', which won ten [[Emmy]] nominations. On March 5, 2021, a district court judge for the [[District of Columbia]] held that recent ratifications by states (Nevada, Illinois, and Virginia) are after the ratification and deadline and thus invalid: these states "ratifications came after both the original and extended deadlines that Congress attached to the ERA, so the Archivist is not bound to record them as valid."<ref>https://ecf.dcd.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/show_public_doc?2020cv0242-117</ref>

ERA was stopped by a [[conservative]] grassroots movement led by [[Phyllis Schlafly]], which raised compelling objections including the following:

*It would require identical treatment of men and women, and boys and girls, in every way, such as allowing boys to compete in girls' sports including field hockey (as courts required based on the Massachusetts ERA)<ref>http://www.espn.com/high-school/girl/story/_/id/8055704/massachusetts-era-allows-boys-compete-girls-sports-such-field-hockey-swimming-volleyball-gymnastics</ref>
*It would prohibit publicly run single-sex schools and classrooms, and require the closing of schools like the 1,000-student Philadelphia High School for Girls
*It would require drafting women into the military just like men, and putting women in combat just like men, even though women suffer physical injuries at a much higher rate than men
*It would require taxpayer-funded [[abortion]]
*It would require [[same-sex "marriage"]]
*It would end women's shelters and other women-only facilities, such as women's prisons, by requiring all be coed<ref name="Bob Marshall">https://www.lifesitenews.com/opinion/leftists-resurrecting-equal-rights-amendment-to-make-us-constitution-pro-abortion</ref>
*It would vastly expand the power of the federal government and the courts over every issue relating to gender
*The proposed amendment never mentions "women" but only "sex," which liberals vaguely define to include "[[gender confusion|transgenderism]]" and "gender identity."<ref>Waggoner, Kristen (December 30, 2019). [https://thehill.com/opinion/civil-rights/475849-reviving-the-era-using-womens-rights-to-undermine-womens-rights Reviving the ERA: Using women's rights to undermine women's rights]. ''The Hill''. Retrieved December 30, 2019.</ref>

The original deadline for ratifying ERA expired on March 22, 1979, and then an improper extension expired on June 30, 1982. But like an episode from ''[[The Twilight Zone]]'' delusional [[liberal]]s think they can ignore the deadline and ratify it today. On January 8, 2020, the Office of Legal Counsel (OLC) in the [[Department of Justice]] issued a detailed legal analysis concluding that ERA was completely dead and cannot be revived, and that only a new ratification process could be started.<ref>https://www.justice.gov/olc/file/1232501/download</ref> The Archivist of the United States then issued a statement that he would abide by that conclusion and not recognize any additional ratifications.<ref>https://www.archives.gov/press/press-releases-4</ref>

==Text==
The amendment, which was untitled and thus the name "Equal Rights Amendment" is unofficial, stated:

:SECTION 1. Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of [[sex]].

:SECTION 2. The Congress shall have the power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article.

:SECTION 3. This amendment shall take effect two years after the date of ratification.

In 2019, a congresswoman introduced a revised ERA which mentions "women" in one of its clauses.

==Impact on abortion and other issues==
Multiple state courts, interpreting their state ERAs, have claimed that ERA "requires" taxpayer-funded abortion. The New Mexico Supreme Court, for example, claimed that:
{{cquote|we conclude that classifications based on the unique ability of women to become pregnant and bear children are not exempt from a searching judicial inquiry under the Equal Rights Amendment to Article II, Section 18 of the New Mexico Constitution. New Mexico's state constitution requires the State to provide a compelling justification for using such classifications to the disadvantage of the persons they classify. ... Equal Rights Amendment to Article II, Section 18 of the New Mexico Constitution [requires taxpayer-funded abortion under the state Medicaid program].}}

''N.M. Right to Choose/Naral, Abortion & Reprod. Health Servs., Planned Parenthood of the Rio Grande v. Johnson'', 1999-NMSC-00 ¶¶ 43, 61, 43126 N.M. 788, 802, 806, 975 P.2d 841, 855, 859 (Nov. 25, 1998).

More generally, courts have claimed that state ERAs or similar “equal treatment” clauses in state constitutions "require" taxpayer-funded abortions in Alaska, Arizona, Connecticut, Indiana, New Jersey, New Mexico, and Colorado ''See Doe v. Maher'', Conn., 1986; ''State v. Planned Parenthood of Alaska'', 2001; ''Simat Corp. v. Ariz. Health Care Cost Containment Sys.'', 2002; ''Humphreys v. Clinic for Women'', (Indiana 2003); ''Right to Choose v. Byrne'', (N.J. 1982). ''New Mexico Right to Choose — NARAL v. Johnson'', (1998); ''Colorado Civil Rights Commission v. Travelers Insurance Co.'' (1988).<ref name="Bob Marshall"/>

The purpose of the ERA was to prohibit many legal distinctions between men and women, and boys and girls. An all-male draft or male-only combat regiments would presumably have become illegal.<ref>Anti-ERA Phyllis Schlafly quote</ref> But equal representation of boys and girls on sports teams, and the termination of all-boys or all-girls sports teams, could have been required by [[judicial supremacy]].

Thirty-five out of the required 38 states ratified the amendment, but opposition led by [[Phyllis Schlafly]] ultimately defeated it.<ref>Testimony in 2007 by Phyllis Schlafly against the Equal Rights Amendment is [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7iEL54jY9Q here].</ref> The Democrat-majority Congress then extended the deadline to 1982 in legislation that was later invalidated, though no other states ratified the amendment in the additional three years. The states of Idaho, Kentucky, Nebraska, Tennessee, and South Dakota each rescinded its prior ratification of the amendment (though it remains an open question on whether a state, once passing an amendment, can later rescind its decision).

Since the expiration of the (extended) ratification deadline in 1982, three states have symbolically passed it: Nevada, Illinois and Virginia. Meanwhile, another state, North Dakota, came within one vote in its senate (after its House passed this resolution by a vote of 67–21) of declaring its prior passage of ERA to have expired when its deadline expired roughly 40 years ago.<ref>https://www.timesfreepress.com/news/breakingnews/story/2019/apr/01/senate-kills-resolution-nullify-equal-rights-support/491762/</ref>

==History==
After women won the right to vote with the ratification of the [[Nineteenth Amendment‎]] in 1920, the next step for some feminists was the ERA; it was introduced in Congress and rejected in every one of its sessions from 1923 until 1972.<ref>http://lcweb2.loc.gov/service/mss/eadxmlmss/eadpdfmss/2003/ms003077.pdf</ref>

It was initially authored by Alice Paul, head of the National Women's Party, who led the suffrage campaign. The original version of the ERA stated that "Men and women shall have equal rights throughout the United States and every place subject to its jurisdiction."
[[File:LOST-ERA.JPG|right|175px]]

The ERA was opposed by women who wanted special laws to protect women workers, including [[Eleanor Roosevelt]]. It was mostly supported by middle-class Republican women. After Congress adopted the ERA and sent it to the states, a leader in opposing ratification was [[Phyllis Schlafly]].

The Congressional resolution that proposed the amendment set a ratification deadline of March 22, 1979. Through 1977, the amendment received 35 of the necessary 38 state ratifications. Five states later rescinded their ratifications before the 1979 deadline: Idaho, Kentucky, Nebraska, South Dakota,<ref>Technically, South Dakota's passing resolution included a rescission clause stating that if the amendment did not pass by the original deadline, its consent would be withdrawn.</ref> and Tennessee.<ref>https://www.thoughtco.com/which-states-ratified-the-era-3528872</ref> In 1978, a joint resolution of Congress extended the ratification deadline to June 30, 1982, by simple majorities only (not by the 2/3 of each chamber required to pass amendments); however, no additional states ratified the amendment before the passing of the second deadline.

Some ERA advocates have absurdly argued that the deadline is "non-binding" and have lobbied state legislatures to either ratify for the first time or reverse their rescissions decades after 1982. Defying logic, "Nevada Ratifies The Equal Rights Amendment ... 35 Years After The Deadline," as NPR described it.<ref>https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/03/21/520962541/nevada-on-cusp-of-ratifying-equal-rights-amendment-35-years-after-deadline</ref> Then, nearly 36 years after the deadline expired, the [[Democrat]]-controlled legislature in Illinois passed ERA, and within 24 hours its primary sponsor Lou Lang resigned his leadership position amid scandalous accusations by a woman that he had committed "terrible acts against her." The woman said of Rep. Lang, "I was harassed. I was intimidated. I was humiliated."<ref>https://chicago.suntimes.com/news/state-rep-lou-lang-accused-of-harassing-springfield-activist/</ref> In January 2020 Virginia voted to pass the amendment, making it the 38th state to do so, which (had there been no timeline, and if later rescissions are ignored) would have made the Amendment effective. No state that voted to rescind its original approval has chosen to undo its original rescission, and no other state has chosen to rescind its original approval.

In 2018, the Jewish Press interviewed Andrew Schlafly regarding his mother's motivations for countering the ERA and regarding her activism in general. Andrew (and Phyllis) argued that the Amendment would have been directly harmful, rather than helpful, to women.<ref>https://www.jewishpress.com/indepth/interviews-and-profiles/this-remarkable-woman-stood-up-to-feminism-and-won-an-interview-with-andrew-schlafly-son-of-conservative-icon-phyllis-schlafly/2018/09/14/</ref>

==Advocacy==
The ERA was advocated by feminist writers [[Gloria Steinem]] and [[Betty Friedan]]. For example, a pro-ERA site claims that "[t]he new Constitution's promised rights were fully enjoyed only by certain white males. Women were treated according to social tradition and English common law and were denied most legal rights. In general, they could not vote, own property, keep their own wages, or even have custody of their children."<ref>http://www.equalrightsamendment.org/era.htm</ref>

In fact, the [[U.S. Constitution]] is gender-neutral, without preference to men or women. Section two of the Fourteenth Amendment uses the phrase "male inhabitants" to discourage any ongoing interference by the States with former slaves being able to vote. This section does not infringe on women's rights in any way.

==Canadian Equivalent==
The Canadian equivalent to the ERA is known as Charter Section 28. It was ratified as a section of the Canadian Constitution in 1982, and came into effect in 1985. Since then, many laws have been invalidated because they were in violation of Charter Section 28.

==See also==
*[[STOP ERA]]
*[https://www.catholicculture.org/commentary/articles.cfm?id=777 Virginia Del. Bob Marshall (ret.) on why ERA should be rejected]
*[[Mrs. America]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{communism}}
[[Category:Feminism]]
[[Category:1960s]]

Coase theorem

2021-06-16T18:13:22Z

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<center>''The Coase theorem proves that [[infinite]] opportunities are available to all who are productive, regardless of wealth. It also emphasizes the benefits of recognizing new opportunities''.</center>

The '''Coase theorem''' states that if property rights are well-defined and [[transaction costs]] (including costs of negotiating) are zero or negligible, then the most efficient economic activity will occur regardless of who initially owns the property rights. Negotiation and market transactions will ensure optimal allocation of property. Simply put, '''''it means "build a better mousetrap, and the world will beat a path to your door,"'''''<ref>The phrase is attributed to [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]], who [https://www.americanheritage.com/better-mousetrap said something similar].</ref> '''''no matter who or where you are'''''.

The Coase theorem divides the future from the past, and gives primacy to the future. Past and present entitlements are nearly irrelevant to future activity. This confirms the admonition of [[Luke 9-16 (Translated)#9:62|Luke 9:62]] not to look back at the past. If a parcel of property is best used as a restaurant, a park, a library, or a school, it will eventually find that use no matter who owns it or what its prior uses were. The Coase theorem states that the property will adopt its most productive use immediately, in the absence of transaction costs.

The Coase theorem is also a powerful antidote against the media, which falsely portrays some people as being more important than others. Under the Coase theorem equal opportunity is available to all, and there is no greater influence based on title, position, or wealth. The Coase theorem is consistent with the concept of the "[[best of the public]]" and the prohibition in the [[U.S. Constitution]] against nobility.

This simple theorem, first published in a 1960 paper<ref>Ronald H. Coase, “The Problem of Social Cost,” 3 J. Law & Econ. 1 (1960)</ref> by [[Ronald Coase]] who won the Nobel Prize for Economics for this in 1991, has powerful implications for economics, law, politics, and even [[Christianity]]. This theorem reinforces teachings of [[Jesus]], such as the parable of the sprouting seed,<ref>[[Mark 1-8 (Translated)#4:26|Mark 4:26-29]].</ref> and supports [[conservative]] interpretations of the [[Chicago School of Economics]].

The Coase theorem proves the availability of infinite opportunities to all who are productive. This is helpful to understanding paradoxical miracles and parables. For example, the [[Multiplication of the loaves]] is straightforward example of supplies (food) becoming available to further the most productive activity (spreading the [[Gospel]]). The otherwise baffling [[Parable of the Vineyard Workers]], whereby workers who toil merely at the end the day are paid as much as those who worked the full day, is logical under the Coase Theorem because the owner needed the work done and thus was willing to overpay some for it.

'''''This theorem also illustrates the primacy of the future over the past'''''. Setbacks or windfalls are rarely as important as they first seem, because the Coase theorem teaches that optimal activity will occur regardless of who owns rights. The greatest [[chess]] player, Magnus Carlsen, is so good because he can "let go" of strategy and reevaluate options with every new board configuration during a game. '''''Lottery winners are almost never better off in the long run, and the Coase theorem predicts that apparently paradoxical result'''''.

The implications in law are that the best a judge can do for the economy as a whole is to minimize transaction costs, such as bureaucracy. Court decisions that impose additional procedural obligations, such as ''[[Goldberg v. Kelly]]'' (1969), can only detract from overall wealth and efficient economic behavior. The Coase theorem implicitly holds that many of the legal attempts to improve the economy are illusory, because there is no way to improve over the combination of clear legal entitlements and no government interference.

The implication in economics is that regulations that increase transaction costs are harmful, and the best that government can do is to clarify property rights and lower transaction costs. Regulatory attempts to correct negative [[externalities]], which some consider to be a type of [[market failure]], will add inefficiencies if the regulations increase transaction costs.

The implications in politics are that, in a free society, it is almost irrelevant who has wealth and who does not with respect to economic activity. Useful or desired economic activity will occur regardless of who owns property or wealth. A list of the wealthiest individuals (Forbes 500) is meaningless, as wealth will flow to efficient activity regardless of who controls the money.

A basis for this theorem can be found in the [[Parable of the Talents]]. One's [[faith]] and pleasing of [[God]] does not depend how the talents are divided. The person given two talents pleases the master just as much as the person given five talents.

== Politics ==

The Coase theorem suggests that political trends occur regardless of elected officials, who mostly follow rather than lead. The [[liberal]] folly is to pretend that they can smear an elected official -- such as [[Donald Trump]] -- and thereby change the political direction of the country. Rather, the same level of political activity will result according to the Coase theorem no matter who the elected officials are.

== Future v. Past ==

The Coase theorem proves that the future governs the present, and the past has little or no significance. The assignment of rights or wealth, which is in the past, is virtually irrelevant to the productivity of activity today, which is dictated by future transactions. In this sense the Coase theorem confirms a key aspect of [[Christianity]], a religion focused on the future far more than the past.

In this sense the Coase theorem embraces the concept of [[infinity]], by which the future has infinitely more opportunities and power than the past.

== Forgiveness ==

Lack of forgiveness (of others or one's self) is an enormous impediment to productivity, and to unlocking the potential provided by the Coase theorem, which assumes rational behavior by individuals without distortions caused by lack of forgiveness. Proper application of the Coase theorem to individuals promotes forgiveness and elimination of grudges.

== Excuses? ==

The Coase theorem has remarkable power in eliminating excuses for unproductive activity. Transaction costs are the only real obstacle to efficient, productive activity. Coining a famous saying, anyone of any means or background might invent a better mousetrap, and then the entire world will beat a path to his door. There is no real excuse for not realizing full potential or opportunity, except perhaps transaction costs, and all should agree to reduce or eliminate those.

== Infinity and zero ==

The Coase theorem highlights the benefits of [[infinity]] and [[zero]], the insignificance of what lies in between. Under the Coase theorem, anyone can go from zero to infinity by taking an optimal approach. In this sense it reinforces the many [[parable]]s and examples in the [[New Testament]], such as the miraculous catch of fish described at Luke 5:1-10.

==Court decisions==
To summarize Ronald Coase's paper ''The Problem of Social Cost'',<ref>Available online for $10 at this [https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdfplus/10.1086/466560 University of Chicago website]</ref> a judge should have regard for the total effect of his decision once people adapt to it. Professor Coase's famous paper<ref>Coase, R. October 1960 ''[http://www.sfu.ca/~allen/CoaseJLE1960.pdf The Problem of Social Cost.]'' Journal of Law and Economics</ref> observes that assigning a property right to one side in a dispute typically does not alter the economically efficient use of resources, as long as parties can easily bargain with each other.

Only one judge—and none on the [[U.S. Supreme Court]]—has ever cited the "Coase theorem" in a court opinion, and he did so only twice.<ref>A few additional judges have included in their opinions citations to law review articles that have the Coase theorem in their titles.</ref> The paucity of references to the insightful Coase theorem in legal decisions says more about the court system than it does about the brilliant theorem. Law schools generally either ignore the Coase theorem, or are outspokenly hostile to its truth.

Federal district judge Milton Shadur observed the following in a decision when he presided over a case as part of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit:<ref>''Coltman v. Commissioner'', 980 F.2d 1134, 1136-37 (7th Cir. 1992)</ref>
{{cquote|It provides a classic illustration of the Coase Theorem, which has earned Professor Ronald Coase a long-belated but much-deserved Nobel Prize: So long as the rule of law is known when parties act, the ultimate economic result is the same no matter which way the law has resolved the issue.}}
In general, however, [[liberal]]-leaning courts completely ignore the Coase theorem. It is cited in only 12 (out of millions) of court decisions by the federal and state judiciaries, and most of those citations are without discussion of it and merely to articles which contain it in their titles.

== Pareto Optimal ==

The most efficient allocation of resources is referred to by economists as "[[Pareto optimal]]." When resource allocation is Pareto optimal, then no one can improve his position without making someone else worse off. Italian engineer and philosopher Vilfredo Pareto (1848–1923) is the namesake for the term.<ref>http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Vilfredo_Pareto</ref>

The Coase Theorem states that Pareto optimality, or Pareto efficiency, occurs regardless of who owns the property rights.

== References ==
<references/>
{{Greatest Thinkers}}
{{communism}}
[[Category:Law]]
[[Category:Economics]]
[[Category:Infinity]]

Benjamin Franklin

2021-06-16T18:12:57Z

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{{Founding Fathers
|image=Benjamin.jpg
|State:=Pennsylvania
|Religion:=Christian- Episcopalian <ref>http://www.adherents.com/gov/Founding_Fathers_Religion.html</ref>
|Founding Documents:=[[Declaration of Independence]], [[United States Constitution]]
}}
'''Benjamin Franklin''' (January 17, 1706, [[Boston]] - April 17, 1790 [[Philadelphia]]), was an American [[polymath]], printer, inventor, statesman, [[chess]] enthusiast, and one of the most prominent scientists in the world of the [[Enlightenment]], famed for his discoveries in electricity. He was widely admired in [[France]] in addition to the [[United States]].

Franklin's financial success, which he described in his most popular work, ''The Way to Wealth'' (1758), embodied the [[American Dream]]. His wealth was due in part to his obtaining the right to print [[Pennsylvania]]’s paper currency, based on his writing ''A Modest Enquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Currency'' (1729). Later he became the printer of currency for New Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland. He also made money as the publisher of the ''Pennsylvania Gazette'', starting in 1729 and known as the finest of all the colonial newspapers.

He was known as "the First [[American]]" because his efforts were critical to the formation of a new nation, the success of the [[American Revolution]] and the unification of the 13 colonies into the United States of America. Serving as the American minister to France, he secured decisive military and financial support for the Revolution, while asserting the values of democracy and [[republicanism]]. He assisted [[Thomas Jefferson]] in writing the [[Declaration of Independence]] in 1776 and helped legitimize the [[U.S. Constitution]] in 1787. His effective diplomacy, creative nationalism, promotion of civic virtue and devotion to [[republicanism]] earned him the top tier as a [[Founding Father]].

==Early life==
Franklin was born on January 17, 1706 in [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]] into a Puritan family. His father was Josiah Franklin, a soap and candle maker, who was married twice and had 17 children. Benjamin briefly attended the very good South Grammar School (affiliated with the Boston Latin School), then at age 10 was pulled out by his father. He was apprenticed at age 12 to his brother James Franklin (1697-1735), one of the first American printers. James published ''[[New England Courant]]'' and it became Ben's first public forum for his essays, written under the pseudonym "Silence Dogood." Ben, pretending to be a widow, wrote 14 essays in 1722. The essays drew the anger of the local authorities, who prohibited James from publishing it, citing that it mocked religion. Ben, now aged 17, was under legal obligation to his brother but broke with him, and ran away to Philadelphia on his own. Franklin visited his many relatives in Boston in 1733 and reconciled with his brother, and when James died at the age of 38, Ben helped his widow and took charge of James' oldest son.

==Philadelphia Printer ==
Franklin found work as a printer in Philadelphia. Pennsylvania governor William Keith was one of his patrons, and he persuaded Franklin to go into business for himself and offered him letters of credit in London to purchase equipment. When he arrived in London in December 1724, he learned that Keith's letters of credit were useless. Franklin stayed in London, working in the local print shops. In 1726, he returned to Philadelphia and again worked in print shops. In 1728, Franklin partnered with Hugh Meredith to opened their own print shop. Franklin soon bought out Meredith and in 1730 began publishing ''The Pennsylvania Gazette'' newspaper, which he bought from his former employer, Samuel Keimer. Besides the newspaper and almanac, he was a job printer and churned out pamphlets, religious tracts, playbills, tickets, advertisements, legal forms, soap wrappers, election notices, currency, carrier addresses, government documents, book labels, school books such as [[The New England Primer]], and other ephemeral items. In his leisure moments he taught himself to read French, Spanish, Italian, and Latin.

===Almanack===
{{main|Poor Richard's Almanack}}

In late 1732, he began writing and publishing ''Poor Richard's Almanack'', under the guise of "Poor Richard Saunders" and his wife, Bridget, both fictional characters. The almanack provided useful information on the seasons while enlightening the reader with witty short sayings. Franklin had a knack for rewording and improving old proverbs in a wittier manner. The almanac appeared annually from 1732 to 1758, selling over 250,000 copies.<ref>William Pencak, "Politics and Ideololgy in Poor Richard's Almanack". ''Pennsylvania Magazine Ideologyof History and Biography'' 1992 116(2): 183-211</ref>

==National communications network==
One long-term project was creating a network of printers, especially using his own apprentices who would move to other cities to establish themselves. The network of allied printer-publishers extended from New England to the West Indies and lasted from 1729 to the 1790s. It composed his relatives and business associates. It financed printers, played a vital role in developing American journalism, and influenced American morals and ethics by widely disseminating Franklin's ideology of virtue.

Upon finding apprentices whose diligence, skill, and character impressed him, Franklin would make them partners, often setting them up in printing businesses of their own. Subsequently, he would use them to expand his business associations, and as deputy postmaster-general for North America he would set up his associates as postmasters in their local areas. Postmasters were the first to receive news and could communicate it quickly to Franklin through their free use of the postal system. By building and using his communications network Franklin was able to both keep abreast of important developments in the colonies and build a network of supporters and admirers who influenced public opinion in their own cities. As the revolutionary era began, Franklin opposed colonial independence from Britain. Network infighting ensued, pitting Loyalist printers Thomas Wharton and Joseph Galloway against pro-independence publisher William Goddard, who created a private system to deliver his papers that became a model for the US Postal Service. The Continental Congress later appointed Franklin postmaster general, and he, not Goddard, received credit for America's postal system. In 1768, reacting to the Stamp and Townshend acts, Franklin became an activist in the Patriot cause. Many network printers, such as David Hall and James Holt, followed suit, as the colonists polarized between Patriots and Loyalists. As revolt approached, network newspapers became influential foes of Britain. War, turmoil, and Franklin's diplomatic absence while in France caused the network eventually to dissolve, and be replaced by networks of party newspapers.<ref>Ralph Frasca, "'The Glorious Publick Virtue so Predominant in Our Rising Country': Benjamin Franklin's Printing Network During the Revolutionary Era." ''American Journalism'' 1996 13(1): 21-37. 0882-1127; Frasca, ''Benjamin Franklin's Printing Network: Disseminating Virtue in Early America'' (2006) [http://www.questia.com/read/111742668?title=Benjamin%20Franklin's%20Printing%20Network%3a%20Disseminating%20Virtue%20in%20Early%20America online edition]</ref>

==Marriage==
In September 1730, Franklin entered a common law marriage with Deborah Read. No legal ceremony was possible because Deborah was still legally married; her husband had deserted to avoid paying a debt. Around this time, Franklin fathered an illegitimate son by an unknown woman; [[William Franklin]] was raised in his new household. In 1732, his first son with Deborah, Francis died of smallpox at the age of 4, leading Franklin to become an advocate of vaccinations. Sarah Franklin, who went by Sally, was born 11 years later in 1743.

==Civic leader==
Franklin became Philadelphia's leading citizen, founding and leading many civic organizations. He was the founder of the American tradition of boosterism, as well as a systematic thinker who analyzed urban problems in the context of rapid population growth. Franklin's understanding of and solution for the urban problems of a growing Philadelphia shaped his later ideas about city-country relationships and his pessimism regarding the future of the United States. Beginning in the 1730s, Franklin actively and publicly addressed such issues as the link between the environment and disease, fire prevention, pollution from tanneries, and restoring the water system in the center of the city (called the Dock) through various engineering projects. Franklin helped improve fire safety and waste handling by mid-century, but manufacturing interests could not be controlled. Franklin believed America would eventually exhaust its vast supply of open, unpopulated land and become increasingly urbanized and demographically imbalanced, thereby making Philadelphia's problems the nation's.<ref>A. Michal McMahon, "'Small Matters': Benjamin Franklin, Philadelphia, and the 'Progress of Cities.'" ''Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography'' 1992 116(2): 157-182. 0031-4587</ref>

After 1727 Franklin typically operated through "the Junto", an informal club comprising friends, civil leaders and fellow tradesmen. He established America's first subscription library, the Library Company of Philadelphia, in 1731. In 1736, he organized the first volunteer fire department, the Union Fire Company. In 1743, he expanded the idea of the Junto to all of the colonies by organizing the [[American Philosophical Society]]. He helped fund the first hospital and planned a professional police force.

===Moral reform===
During the 1730s Franklin made a determined effort to use the emerging power of his press to clean up both private character and public space by writing against the excesses of drink, alehouses, fairs, gambling, and other idle pursuits. Franklin's focus on the body and its potential excess is reflective of a transformation in body image and self-image that was part of a broader range of religious, economic, and political transformations that emerged in the 18th century. All were part of a challenge to the traditional authority of church and state; the growth of commerce, the market, and the print public sphere; and the proliferation of a political ideology that presaged the Declaration of Independence. In his ''Autobiography'' (1771) Franklin utilized the body and its "inclinations" to drive his narrative. In contrast to [[Thomas Jefferson]], who appealed to abstract human rights, and [[John Adams]], who invoked historical precedent and English canon law, Franklin portrayed the Revolution as an ongoing struggle between inclination and reason.<ref>Betsy Erkkila, "Franklin and the Revolutionary Body." ''ELH'' (English Literary History) 2000 67(3): 717-741. [http://www.jstor.org/pss/30031934 in JSTOR]</ref>

Franklin did not derive his ideas on ethics and virtue from Puritan thought. The orthodox Puritans stressed the concept of a "double calling," one which distinguishes between an outward calling and an inward one. For the Puritan, the inward calling - through which man is justified by God's grace - took precedence over the outward calling - man's commitment to the world. [[Cotton Mather]]'s "Bonifacius," which Franklin cites as an influence in the development of his own philosophy, maintains this distinction. Franklin's commitment is to the outward calling. He rejects the central doctrines of Puritanism: Providence, Election, and Original Sin. Franklin actually retained few Puritan ideals.<ref>Campbell Tatham, "Benjamin Franklin, Cotton Mather and the Outward State." ''Early American Literature'' 1972 6(3): 223-233. [http://www.jstor.org/pss/25070534 in JSTOR]</ref>

Franklin's moral theories stemmed from a commonly held concept among 18th century [[Enlightenment]] philosophers: that the development of habit can be used for achieving behavioral change. Franklin's approach to the gaining of moral progress was neopagan rather than Christian in its orientation. It stressed the gradual modification of the person's observable actions instead of an emphasis on internal spiritual change. In essence, Franklin's attitude toward habit and moral improvement was almost identical to that later espoused by [[John Stuart Mill]] and the utilitarian and associationist schools of philosophy.<ref>Norman S. Fiering, "Benjamin Franklin and the Way to Virtue". ''American Quarterly'' 1978 30(2): 199-223. [http://www.jstor.org/pss/2712323 in JSTOR]</ref>

===Library===
Franklin was the main organizer of the Library Company of Philadelphia, founded in 1731 by middle class "artificers," (craftsmen, like printers, and owners of small businesses). They sought to improve their condition and status through self-education. The library reflected Franklin's belief that reading could change expectations and positions in society. The books at the library were extremely important in Franklin's intellectual development, and his experience there strengthened his beliefs about education. Through the library, members pursued many interests and became involved in natural science through Peter Collinson of London, who acted as its book agent. Nonmembers of both sexes also used the library.<ref>George Boudreau, "'Highly Valuable And Extensively Useful': Community and Readership among the Eighteenth-Century Philadelphia Middling Sort." ''Pennsylvania History'' 1996 63(3): 302-329.</ref>

===Education===
Franklin's 1749 "Proposals for the Education of Youth in Pensilvania," in which he proposes the formation of an academy and discusses its basically secular curriculum. Religion is to be taught under the rubric of history:
:"History ''will also afford frequent Opportunities of showing the Necessity of a ''Publick Religion,'' from its Usefulness to the Publick; the advantage of a Religious Character among private Persons; the Mischiefs of Superstition, &c. and the Excellency of the CHRISTIAN RELIGION above all others, ancient and modern."''

Not a college man, Franklin proposed educational changes that broke decisively with many traditional educational practices of his day. His proposals reflect his own view of the Enlightenment and its perception of the human mind. He helped establish of the "College of Philadelphia" (now the [[University of Pennsylvania]]). Unlike Harvard and Yale it was nonsectarian and did not primarily train clergy. Instead it educated students for careers in the professions and business and for public service. It established America's first modern liberal arts curriculum."<ref>George W. Boudreau, "'Done by a Tradesman': Franklin's Educational Proposals and the Culture Of Eighteenth-Century Pennsylvania." ''Pennsylvania History'' 2002 69(4): 524-557. 0031-4528; see [http://www.upenn.edu/about/heritage.php online]</ref>

===Militia===
Franklin helped create the Pennsylvania Militia, independent of the colonial government. The repeated [[French and Indian Wars]] were a threat to the frontier, as the French based in Canada organized and armed Indians who raided the frontier settlements. The government was controlled by the Penn family and the [[Quakers]], who refused to organize any military defense. In November 1747, Franklin wrote ''Plain Truth'' advocating the creation of a defense force, since the government would not do so. The pamphlet was enthusiastically received and Franklin organized the "Association" in 1747 to defend against attacks on settlements along the Delaware River. It was the first volunteer militia in Pennsylvania. By the end of 1747 ten volunteer regiments, composed of 124 volunteer companies (designed to have 50-100 men each), had been raised. But the militia was organized only after long debate, much of which involved biblical comparisons and religious justifications from both supporters (including Franklin) and opponents of military preparedness. The debate foreshadowed the ultimate demise of Quaker rule in Pennsylvania, since the Quaker legislators realized their refusal to defend the colony meant they had to resign office.<ref>Barbara A. Gannon, "The Lord is a Man of War, The God of Love and Peace: The Association Debate, Philadelphia 1747-1748." ''Pennsylvania History 1998'' 65(1): 46-61.</ref>

===Opposes multiculturalism===
Franklin had a vision of an ethnically homogeneous America, and so he had negative views on the large and expanding German community in Pennsylvania (usually called the "Pennsylvania Dutch.") Franklin's first contacts with the Pennsylvania Germans concerned business. In 1731 he printed two books in German for German Baptists; he also printed into pamphlet form a letter from Conrad Weiser, an Indian negotiator, to Christopher Sauer, a German-language publisher. However, in from the late 1740s into the 1750s, Franklin believed that the Germans could not be assimilated into Englishmen and thus would always be aliens. He disliked the failure of the Germans to assimilate—they had their own language, religion and customs, and showed no interest in becoming like Englishmen or in joining the militia. In "Observations on the Increase of Mankind" (1751), Franklin expressed his opposition toward German immigrants, whom he ridiculed:
:"why should the Palatine Boors be suffered to swarm into our Settlements and, by herding together, establish their Language and Manners, to the Exclusion of ours? Why should Pennsylvania, founded by the English, become a Colony of Aliens, who will shortly be so numerous as to Germanize us instead of our Angli-fying them .. .?"

Despite Franklin's fears, German settlers helped secure the colony's borders against France's Indian supporters during the French and Indian War. Franklin's 1751 remarks came back to haunt him during the 1764 election to determine whether Pennsylvania would remain a proprietary colony or become a royal one (as Franklin advocated) when Franklin's opponents used his comments about the German colonists to defeat his position. Franklin kept silent about the Germans. He was pleased that the Reformed and Lutheran Germans supported the French and Indian War (1757–63) and, even more important, the American Revolution (1775-1783), even as the numerous German pacifist sects like the Dunkers, Amish and Mennonites remained neutral. Franklin and the Germans finally were reconciled in 1787 when Franklin College (now Franklin and Marshall College), was established to promote an better knowledge of the German and English languages, and was named in his honor by the Germans.<ref>John B. Frantz, "Franklin and the Pennsylvania Germans" ''Pennsylvania History'' 1998 65(1): 21-34. 0031-4528; Glenn Weaver, "Benjamin Franklin and the Pennsylvania Germans," ''William and Mary Quarterly'' Vol. 14, No. 4 (Oct., 1957), pp. 536-559 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/1918520 in JSTOR]</ref>

In response to British conquest of French-speaking Quebec in 1759, he wrote "The Canada Pamphlet." It stands as one of the most complex and sophisticated pieces of pre-Revolutionary American thought. In it, Franklin entertained ideas of a homogeneous American population in manners, language, and religion as a reaction against ethnic and political warfare within Europe. Drawing on the ideas of [[Thomas Hobbes]], [[David Hume]], and [[Baruch Spinoza]], Franklin believed that political and ethnic relations were exclusively dominated by power, leaving no room for multiculturalism in America, preferring instead the implementation of the British Crown model to foster internal peace in the colonies. Having a reputation as anti-German hurt Franklin politically, and he dropped the nativism after 1765.<ref>Alberto Lena, "Benjamin Franklin's 'Canada Pamphlet' or 'The Ravings of a Mad Prophet': Nationalism, Ethnicity and Imperialism." ''European Journal of American Culture'' 2001 20(1): 36-49. 1466-0407</ref>

===Demography===
In 1751 Franklin wrote "Observations Concerning the Increase of Mankind, Peopling of Countries, Etc." in which he both anticipated the [[Robert Malthus|Malthusian]] theory of population growth and quite accurately predicted the rate of American population increase for the following century and a half. He showed that the American population doubled every 25 years, while Europe and Asia were static or grew very slowly. England's population supposedly took 360 years to double. There is a paradox in Franklin's treatment of population. He maintained that the tendency of populations to expand until checked by the lack of subsistence was a cause of European miseries, yet he advocated rapid population growth for the American colonies. When his population theory is highlighted, he appears as a Malthusian pessimist; when his population values are highlighted, he appears as an ardent pro-natalist.<ref>Dennis Hodgson, "Benjamin Franklin on Population: From Policy to Theory," ''Population and Development Review,'' Vol. 17, No. 4 (Dec., 1991), pp. 639-661 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/1973600 in JSTOR]; Alfred Owen Aldridge, "Franklin as Demographer," ''Journal of Economic History,'' Vol. 9, No. 1 (May, 1949), pp. 25-44 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/2113719 in JSTOR]</ref>

==Science and invention ==
By age 42, Franklin was wealthy enough to retire from publishing and devote most of his time to his scientific pursuits, keeping in touch with the leading scientists in Britain and the Continent. Franklin combined commonsense empiricism, always paying very close attention to details and carefully recording his measurements. At the same time he was insatiably speculative, theoretical, and conjectural.

Franklin's numerous inventions include bifocal glasses,<ref>see [http://www.antiquespectacles.com/topics/franklin/franklin.htm illustration]</ref> the glass armonica, the flexible catheter, the odometer, and swimming fins.

For is work in science, the Royal Society named Franklin as a Fellow of the Society and received its Copley Medal.<ref>[https://www.google.com/books/edition/Benjamin_Franklin/wZR9Iwcjd_MC?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA50 ]</ref>

===Stove===
In 1742 he invented a device inserted into a fireplace that gave more warmth at a lower fuel cost. His idea, worked out with his friend Robert Grace, consisted of a low stove, equipped with loosely fitting iron plates through which air circulated and was warmed before it entered the room. This "New Pennsylvania Fireplace" avoided drafts, gave more even temperatures throughout the room, and checked loss of heat through the chimney. It was an insert in an already existing hearth, and did not resemble what are now called "Franklin stoves".

===Meteorology===
The first contributions to scientific meteorology in America were Franklin's famous experiments regarding lightning, atmospheric electricity, cyclone theory, and ocean circulation, during the years from 1748 to 1775. Franklin designed the experiment that proved that electric sparks created artificially in the laboratory were similar to deadly and destructive lightning bolts, except in magnitude. He proved that there were electric charges in the atmosphere both in cloudy (or thunder) weather and in fine weather. Franklin showed that storms may move progressively "into the wind," by observing that a cyclonic storm with a northeast wind hit Philadelphia a day or so before it hit Boston, which lies to the northeast of Philadelphia. Finally, while crossing the Atlantic between 1746 and 1775, and after discussions with his cousin a ship captain, he reported there is a warm current off the New England coast setting to the northeast—the [[Gulf Stream]]—and was able to chart its boundaries fairly accurately.

===Discovering electricity===
Franklin's great scientific achievement came in his experiments and theories regarding [[electricity]]. He was first intrigued by the concept after meeting Archibald Spencer and witnessing his demonstrations on the creation of static electricity. In 1747, Spencer donated a glass tube and information on generating electricity to the Library Company. Franklin had several of these glass devices made for his experiments. He theorized that electricity was one "fluid." He discovered that when a "positive" charge is created that a "negative" charge is created as well, which became known as the [[conservation of charge]]. He also began using [[Leyden jar]]s, a glass jar with foil on the outside and a conductor such as water or metal on the inside that could be charged with a wire. Franklin determined that the charge was not stored in the conductor, as was previously thought, and was held in the glass.<ref>We now know that the Leyden jar is an early form of the [[capacitor]], that the charge is contained in a layer of the conductor facing the glass and that the glass (the [[dielectricum]]) increases the [[capacitance]] of the jar (amount of charge that can be held).</ref> Based on this knowledge, he invented the first electrical battery, which was a series of glass planks that were flanked by metal and wired together.
[[Image:Franklin - kite.jpg|left|360px]]
Franklin began noticing the similar properties of [[lightning]] and electrical sparks, which led to his most famous experiment. In 1750, Franklin outlined his proposal in two letters to Peter Collinson, which were published and presented to the Royal Society in London. On May 10, 1752 French scientist [[Thomas-François D'Alibard]] successfully performed Franklin's experiment outside of Paris. In June, before word of success had crossed the Atlantic, Franklin performed his kite and key experiment with his son, William, with similar success, which has become a popular part of American folklore.<ref>See [http://www.mos.org/sln/toe/kite.html], [http://www.thebakken.org/electricity/franklin-kite.html] and [http://www2.fi.edu/exhibits/permanent/electricity.php]</ref> This led to the invention of lightning rods [http://fi.edu/franklin/inventor/images/rod.jpg], which became widespread in the colonies, as well as Europe, bringing international fame to Franklin almost overnight. In 1753, he received honorary degrees from both Harvard and Yale, and the Royal Society in London awarded him the prestigious [[Copley Medal]].

Franklin is responsible for the nomenclature of "positive" and "negative" charge. He believed he could tell the direction in which electricity traveled by observing sparks. He was wrong; the electrons, which are the particles carrying ordinary [[electricity]], move in the opposite of the direction he thought they did. As a result, when electrons were discovered, according to Franklin's designation they had to be considered as having a negative charge.

===Controversies===
There were many rivalries among scientists of the day and Franklin joined in energetically. At every point of Franklin's career, rival scientists disputed his claims to inventions and disagreed with his scientific results. Abbé Nollet, the leader of the French scientific community, reported on experiments which he believed illustrated the shortcomings of Franklin's research on electricity. Nollet maintained that Franklin's lightning rods might ignite fires by attracting electricity. Various European scientists claimed to have thought of Franklin's kite or lightning rod experiments before Franklin. Leading British experimenter William Watson claimed that most of Franklin's ideas had their origins in his own work. Political controversy swirled in England in 1772 when members of the Royal Society debated whether lightning rods should be "points" or "blunts." George III entered the controversy by demanding that blunts should be placed on the royal palace after an official committee, of which Franklin was a member, recommended pointed rods to protect the government powder magazine.<ref>I. Bernard Cohen, "Franklin's Scientist Enemies: Real or Imagined" ''Pennsylvania History'' 1998 65(1): 7-20. 0031-4528</ref>

==Albany Plan of Union 1754==
While Franklin thought of himself as a loyal subject, and was comfortable with monarchy and aritocracy, he did express an emerging sense of Americanism. In 1753, London promoted Franklin to the position of Deputy Postmaster for the Colonies. The industrious Franklin, who frequently took inspection tours throughout the colonies, revamped the postal system to be more efficient, speeding up delivery times and creating the home delivery system. From visiting the colonies first hand, coupled with the increasing need for frontier defense, Franklin realized that some form of unification of the colonies was necessary. In June 1754, a conference was called by the London Board of Trade to meet in Albany, New York to discuss a more unified defense. He proposed the "Albany Plan of Union", which would have united the colonies under a royal governor, and given the colonies the power to tax themselves. Delegates from several colonies had come together to discuss ways to restore harmonious relations with the Indians but soon found themselves debating Franklin's plan of union, which would have created a unified colonial entity. The Plan was approved by the conference but was unanimously rejected by the colonial assemblies and by London. It was twenty years too soon for the colonies to give up their smug complacency and dependence upon London, rather than each other. In 1754 colonists assumed Britain was a benevolent empire run for the benefit of colonists, but within twenty years realized their error. The Albany plan formed much of the basis for the later American governments established by the [[Articles of Confederation]] and the Constitution.

==Politician==
In 1751, after serving as a clerk 15 years, Franklin was elected to the Pennsylvania Assembly. He used his new position to advance civic projects such as pushing legislation to maintain and light the streets. One of the primary issues faced by the Assembly was keeping their frontier border safe from Indian attacks orchestrated by the French. There was frequent conflict between the Assembly and the Proprietary leadership of the Penn family. The Penns controlled a vast majority of the lands in Pennsylvania, however, forbid them to be taxed which hampered the Assembly's ability to build an adequate militia. Penn repeatedly fought the Penn family and tried, without success, to have the King take direct control of Pennsylvania.
==Colonial agent in London==

In 1757 Franklin was sent to London as the paid representative or lobbyist of the Pennsylvania Assembly to present the colony's side of its controversy with the Penn family, which still owned the colony.

His attempts to persuade this to both Thomas Penn and Parliament failed. Although his mission was over by 1758, Franklin lingered in London for another four years. He enjoyed his time meeting with the local intellectuals and political radicals, and with a touch of regret returned to Philadelphia in 1762. His return to Philadelphia was to be short-lived. In the 1764 elections, Franklin failed to be reelected after a vicious pamphlet war labeled him as anti-German and Scottish, which made up a majority of Pennsylvania's frontier population. He found this to be a blessing in disguise when the Assembly elected to send him back to London to serve as their agent once again. He tried and failed to obtain a recall of the Penn charter. Franklin also became the paid agent in London for Georgia in 1768, for New Jersey in 1769, and for Massachusetts in 1770. These appointments, together with his wide reputation, made Franklin a sort of ambassador extraordinary from the American colonies to Britain.

He remained abroad for eighteen years, not returning to American until 1775. He was invited to join the "Lunar Society" in [[Birmingham]], where he met many intellectuals and leaders of the emerging [[Industrial Revolution]]

===Stamp Act===
[[File:The Colonies Reduced.jpg|100px|thumb|left|The Colonies Reduced]]
In 1765, he blundered by assuring British politicians that Americans would accept the [[Stamp Act]]. He sent a letter to Philadelphia that was made public urging the colonies to simply make the best of it, leading to the misconception that Franklin had something to do with authoring the Stamp Act. News of colonial protest caused him to reverse his position and he helped negotiated trepeal of the hated tax. Afterwards, Franklin regularly opposed British attempts to tax the colonies, arguing that the colonists had the same rights as other British subjects, with the ability to govern and tax through an elected legislature.
[[File:Benjamin Franklin 1767.jpg|200px|thumb|right|Benjamin Franklin, 1767.]]
In June 1767, Parliament passed the [[Townshend Act]], another tax on colonial goods. Franklin, still loyal to the crown, took a moderate approach - simultaneously criticizing the rash colonials and the rash government. Increasing the great divide was representation in parliament. Americans had none.

===Hutchinson letters===
In 1773, Franklin somehow obtained the originals of secret letters written written 1767-1769 by Thomas Hutchinson when he was Chief Justice of Massachusetts to a member of the British government soliciting troops and urging abridgment of American liberties. Franklin sent the letters to friends in the colony, who in turn published them. His intent was to pin the blame on people like Hutchinson for encouraging the unpopular policies, which he hoped would promote a spirit of reconciliation with Britain. He misjudged the situation, however, which led to the Massachusetts Assembly demanding that Parliament remove Hutchinson from his governorship. London by now had lost all patience with the American colonies and had embarked on a series of punishments designed to humiliate the Americans and make them stay in their inferior places. London sent more troops to Boston and brought Franklin before the Privy Council where he was viciously humiliated in public on January 29, 1775. He was stripped of his position of postmaster.

Franklin's political roles in London in 1757-62 and 1764-75 reshaped his political views. Although he loved the scientists and intellectuals, he hated the politicians. He came to see Britain as vain and corrupt, and he returned to his native America in 1775 with the hope that in a still-uncorrupted republic virtue might prevail.<ref>Esmond Wright, "'The Fine and Noble China Vase, The British Empire': Benjamin Franklin's 'Love-Hate' View of England". ''Pennsylvania Magazine of History And Biography'' 1987 111(4): 435-464.</ref>

===Continental Congress===
Franklin arrived back in Philadelphia on May 5, 1775, and the next day was chosen a member of the Second Continental Congress. Fighting had broken out near Boston, and the New England militia had trapped the British army in the city. The Congress became the voice of the Americans, setting up shadow governments in each colony, getting ready for a major revolt. Militia units up and down the 13 colonies began drilling for war.

Franklin, following the lead of [[John Adams]], began preparing for independence. On July 21, 1775, he presented his scheme for the [[Articles of Confederation]], similar to his Albany Plan, which called for a strong central government and a congress with proportional representation. However, few of his ideas were included in the Articles Congress adopted in 1777. The Patriots now controlled every colony, and incited by the clever reasoning of [[Thomas Paine]], realized that their [[republican]] values and way of life were incompatible with conytrol by foreign aristocrats in London. As popular sentiment for independence swelled in late spring 1776, Franklin, joined [[Thomas Jefferson]], [[John Adams]], [[Roger Sherman]], and [[Robert Livingston]] as a committee to prepare a [[Declaration of Independence]]. Jefferson, the best writer, did the drafting, with Franklin offering his editorial commentary. A new nation emerged on July 4, 1776. It had driven out all the British officials. But they returned in force in August, 1776, seized New York City, and offered to negotiate on everything except independence. Patriots demanded independence and refused to negotiate any other terms. Help was needed from France, so in December 1776, Franklin was sent to Paris, along with [[Silas Deane]] and [[Arthur Lee]], to secure aid for the new nation.

Along with being on the committee to draft the [[Declaration of Independence]], Franklin also proposed an idea for the national seal. His proposal was to have a picture of the Isaelites crossing the Red Sea and Pharaoh's army being destoyed by the water encircled by the phrase, "Rebellion to Tyrants is Obedience to God."

Franklin had made his illegitimate son William Franklin, the Royal Governor of [[New Jersey]], but he remained loyal to the Crown, and father and son never reconciled.

He understood the risks the [[Founding Fathers]] were taking and told them, "We must all hang together, or we shall hang separately."

==Ambassador==
[[Image:Franklin - France.jpg|right|340px]]
Franklin was America's first minister (ambassador) to King [[Louis XVI]] in [[France]], where he was instrumental in obtaining military and economic support for the struggle against Britain. Franklin arrived to great fanfare in France. Already well known for his lightning experiment, his flirtatious manner and wit made him a favorite among the courtiers. Franklin systematically mingled with scientists, writers, intellectuals and government officials in Paris. He avoided court costumes and cultivated the image of a rustic American, sometimes wearing a coonskin cap. The French loved every bit of it and his popularity helped in securing recognition, money and armies and navies to fight Britain.

===Diplomat===
Franklin proved himself to be a crafty diplomat. By the end of 1777, after the great American victory at [[Battle of Saratoga|Saratoga]], the French became confident the Americans were strong enough to prevail. The French favored an alliance with the Americans, but their ally Spain was opposed, fearing that anti-imperial republicanism might emerge ion Spain's many colonies. Franklin played on the traditional hatred between the British and the French, using the press to get his messages across. On February 5, 1778 he officially signed a treaty of alliance with France with the stipulation that the U.S. must have France's approval to negotiate peace with Britain. The American revolution was now a world war, and as the Netherlands and Spain joined France, and the rest remained neutral, Britain was outnumbered on land and sea and had little hope of defeating the Allies.
[[Image:Treaty of Paris by Benjamin West 1783.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Treaty of Paris]], Painting by Benjamin West (never completed). The painting depicts from left to right, [[John Jay]], [[John Adams]], Benjamin Franklin, [[Henry Laurens]], and [[William Temple Franklin]].]]
Franklin and John Adams did not get along. Adams that Franklin was "too old, too infirm, too indolent and dissipated for the discharge of all the important duties of ambassador, board of war, board of treasury, commissary of prisoners...." Adams did admit that the power of Franklin's name and fame made him essential, and historians generally agree Franklin did a very good job.<ref>Gorodon Wood, ''The Americanization of Benjamin Franklin'' (2004) p 192; Stacy Schiff, ''A Great Improvisation: Franklin, France, and the Birth of America'' (2005)</ref> French aid proved to be critical to the Americans success, most notably in the decisive victory at Yorktown in October 1781. The Revolutionary war was now won, but negotiations dragged on until the Peace of Paris was signed on Sept. 3, 1783. Franklin remarked, about this time: "There never was a good war nor a bad peace."

Franklin was the most traditional American diplomat of era in his tendency to approach diplomacy as a search for compromise, his use of diplomacy as a tool for peace, his insistence on working through proper channels, and his adherence to the norms of good manners and civility. He played a central role in the peace negotiations in Paris, and to the amazement of observers at the time—and historians ever since—won highly favorable terms from the British, especially ownership of all the lands east of the Mississippi River (except Florida, which went to France's ally Spain.) Assisted by diplomats [[John Jay]] and John Adams, Franklin demonstrated great foresight and diplomatic aplomb in negotiating the treaty. While military victory certainly influenced the outcome, the envoys' tenacity and adroit craftsmanship nonetheless frustrated much of the great power intrigue aimed at blocking united American independence. By 1783, few European diplomats visualized an independent United States. The American emissaries, steeped in revolutionary fervor and confident after military victory, would not settle for less.<ref>Richard Morris, ''The Peacemakers: The Great Powers and American Independence'' (1965) is the definitive history.</ref>

===Disinherits his son===
In 1789 Franklin disinherited his only living son, William, who had been Franklin's close personal friend and, beginning in the 1750s, his political protégé. Franklin used his contacts in London to have William named royal governor of New Jersey, a lucrative and highly prestigious position. In 1774, when Franklin was fired as head of the American postal system and publicly humiliated at Whitehall, he believed his son would resign as governor to protest his father's treatment. When William failed to do this and even admonished his father to accept his fate and take a comfortable retirement, an irreparable breach was created between father and son, a rift widened by the son's loyalty to the British crown during the Revolutionary War. Although William attempted to reestablish a father-son relationship, Benjamin refused and could never forgive his son for the public nature of the humiliation he felt William had caused him.<ref>Sheila L. Skemp, "Benjamin Franklin, Patriot, and William Franklin, Loyalist." ''Pennsylvania History'' 1998 65(1): 35-45.</ref>

==Building a stronger nation==
Franklin returned home in September 1785. Like all nationalists he could see that the Articles of Confederation created a government that was too weak to survive in a dangerous world It had no president and no tax base, for example. Franklin's ideas for an American republic provided a reconciliation of classical republicanism and 18th century economic life. Franklin's demographic view put America and Britain in contrast. He criticized the British emphasis on manufacturing for export, and he preferred agriculture as the best source of national wealth. Although favoring self-sufficiency, as a means for a virtuous independence, Franklin recognized the need for encouraging a vigorous foreign commerce (with free trade). Open space and open markets were essential for republicanism to work.<ref>Drew R. McCoy, "Benjamin Franklin's Vision of a Republican Political Economy for America." ''William and Mary Quarterly'' 1978 35(4): 607-628. 0043-5597</ref>

Franklin can be compared favorably with [[Frederick Jackson Turner]] as a promoter of the [[Frontier Thesis]], the idea of the significance of the West in the shaping of American character. Franklin used the words frontier and West interchangeably and generally equated both of them with free land. He believed that the West was decisive in producing the phenomenal population growth of the society of his day and its "middle-class agrarianism." His frontier-inspired ideas had a demonstrable effect on public events and contributed to the coming of the American Revolution. Americans eagerly gave wide currency to Franklin's ideas. His political and diplomatic exertions contributed considerably to insure that the West would be a part of the new nation he was helping to create.<ref>James H. Hutson, "Benjamin Franklin and the West". ''Western Historical Quarterly'' 1973 4(4): 425-434. 0043-3810</ref>

In 1787 the [[Constitutional Convention]] convened in Philadelphia to write a new Constitution. Franklin, at age 81 the oldest delegate, played an honorific role and his support helped legitimize the project. Other members of the Pennsylvania delegation to the convention were [[George Clymer]], [[Thomas Fitzsimons]], [[Jared Ingersoll]], [[Thomas Mifflin]], [[Gouverneur Morris]], [[Robert Morris (financier)|Robert Morris]], and [[James Wilson]].

==Slavery==
Franklin in the 1750s owned two slaves, whom he eventually freed, and also ran advertisements for slave sales in his ''Pennsylvania Gazette''. As a youth he had been a runaway himself. As a diplomat he supported slavery, but for Franklin slavery was always more of a political than a moral problem. Late in life he reversed directions and supported the abolition of the slave trade (but not slavery itself). When the case of Somerset v Stewart was decided Franklin was happy that Liberty carried the day, but the hypocrisy of emancipation at home and slavery enforced abroad did not escape him. In an article for the ''London Chronicle'', Franklin wrote:<ref>[https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Franklin/01-19-02-0128 The Sommersett Case and the Slave Trade, 18–20 June 1772]</ref>

<blockquote>Pharisaical Britain! to pride thyself in setting free a single Slave that happens to land on thy coasts, while thy Merchants in all thy ports are encouraged by thy laws to continue a commerce whereby so many hundreds of thousands are dragged into a slavery that can scarce be said to end with their lives, since it is entailed on their posterity!</blockquote>

Later, he joined the Pennsylvania Abolition Society and became their president in 1787; his was primarily honorific. The Society had hoped he would bring up the issue of slavery at the Constitutional Convention, which he declined to do, realizing that it would be too contentious of an issue. In November 1789, he published his ''Address to the Public'' which appealed for the emancipation of slaves and the further education of free blacks.<ref>David Waldstreicher, ''Runaway America: Benjamin Franklin, Slavery, and the American Revolution''(2004)</ref>

==Death==
In his later years, Franklin suffered from extremely painful afflictions, such as gout, which oftentimes made it difficult for him to stand upright.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ZbkPAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT29 "Mr. President": George Washington and the Making of the Nation's Highest Office]</ref> His physician, Dr. John Jones, wrote that due to how much pain Franklin constantly dealt with, he prescribed him with laudanum,<ref name=DrJones>[https://books.google.com/books?id=vAdUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA543 Benjamin Franklin: his autobiography]</ref> which is a narcotic opioid. In his final days Franklin was bedridden, and Jones reported that when Franklin was not blinded by "his tortures", he read books, was cheerful with people who came to visit him, and he was grateful of "the many blessings he had received from the Supreme Being".<ref name=DrJones />

Franklin died on April 17, 1790 at the age of 84 and was buried at [[Christ Church, Philadelphia]]. Civic-minded to the end, Franklin's will established a 200-year trust fund for Boston and Philadelphia which was to be used to train and educate young craftsmen. Both cities have held true to Franklin's wishes, providing aid to students and establishing the Franklin Institute of Boston.

==Religious Beliefs==
Franklin progressed from a skepticism towards Puritanism as a youth to a strong belief in God and prayers for His intervention. At all times Franklin believed in God, but was unable to define what God meant for his soul; he never joined a church. Like most in Pennsylvania, he respected freedom of religion by others, but also emphasized the importance of religion in maintaining a society; much of his writing was designed to promote moral behavior. [[Liberals]] often like to bring up that he stated "lighthouses are more helpful than churches", as if that is some kind of "proof" that Franklin was only a Deist. It is merely [[liberal deceit]]. The British political system at the time of the American rebellion was based very firmly on Anglican Protestantism. Laws stated very clearly the monarch had to be a Protestant, and also that they were the head of The Church of England; even Protestants who were not Anglican had to pay for their own priests and build their own churches. Catholics were still denied the vote. To gather enough support among the colonists to successfully achieve independence, their leaders had to offer them something different, and to belittle the Anglican church in particular, so as to undermine the foundation of the British political system that ruled the American colonies. So, Franklin was saying that functional, useful things (such as lighthouses) contributed more to the safety and well-being of the individual than buildings that provided spiritual things (such as churches). It was his clever means of motivation, not some far-reaching personal belief of his.

Young Ben was an avid reader. "From a child I was fond of reading, and all the little money that came into my hands was ever laid out in books. Pleased with the ''[[Pilgrim's Progress]],'' my first collection was of [[John Bunyan]]'s works in separate little volumes. My old favorite author, Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress ... has been translated into most of the languages of Europe, and suppose it has been more generally read than any other book, except perhaps the Bible."''

In 1728, the twenty-two-year-old printer wrote "Articles of Belief and Acts of Religion," which Walters (1999) argues is the most crucial text of all Franklin’s religious writings.<ref>for the text see [http://www.beliefnet.com/resourcelib/docs/65/Articles_of_Belief_and_Acts_of_Religion_1p.html "Articles of Belief and Acts of Religion" by Benjamin Franklin, November 20, 1728]</ref> Franklin embraced a concept that sanctioned the value of different religions. Walters argues this “theistic perspectivism” is the key to understanding Franklin’s religion, for it allowed him to maintain his most basic belief in a divinity as the "First Cause" while also allowing him to understand different religions and sects as different ways to honor and serve the primary creator. Franklin’s lifelong advocacy of religious tolerance and his refusal to dogmatize resulted from his understanding that all religions helped bring the "First Cause" closer to humanity, bridging the immense gulf between Creator and creation.<ref>Kerry S. Walters, ''Benjamin Franklin and His Gods,'' (1999)</ref>

Franklin left behind the [[deism]] of his youth. In a draft autobiography written mostly in 1771, nearly 20 years prior to his death, Franklin described how he came to deism as a teenager. He recalled that his ''"parents had early given me religious impressions, and brought me through my childhood piously in the Dissenting way. But I was scarce fifteen, when, after doubting by turns of several points, as I found them disputed in the different books I read, I began to doubt of Revelation itself. Some books against Deism fell into my hands; they were said to be the substance of sermons preached at Boyle's Lectures. It happened that they wrought an effect on me quite contrary to what was intended by them; for the arguments of the Deists, which were quoted to be refuted, appeared to me much stronger than the refutations; in short, I soon became a thorough Deist."'' <ref>http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/etcbin/toccer-new2?id=Fra2Aut.sgm&images=images/modeng&data=/texts/english/modeng/parsed&tag=public&part=all The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, p.57</ref>

Franklin then abandoned his youthful deism in favor of a strong belief in an interventionist God, as reflected by his prayer request during a troubled period of the [[Constitutional Convention]]. In a letter dated March 9, 1790, the last letter Franklin ever wrote, he expressed his strong faith in God and the possibility of heaven:
:''"Here is my Creed: I believe in one God, Creator of the Universe. That he governs it by Providence. That he ought to be worshipped. That the most acceptable Service we render to him is doing good to his other Children. That the soul of Man is immortal, and will be treated with Justice in another Life respecting its conduct in in this. These I take to be the fundamental Principles of all sound Religion, and I regard them as you do in whatever sect I meet with them.

:''"As to Jesus of Nazareth, my Opinion of whom you particularly desire, I think the system of Morals and His Religion, as he left them to us, the best the world ever saw, or is likely to see; but I apprehend it has received various corrupting Changes, and I have, with most of the present Dissenters in England, some doubt as to his Divinity; tho' it is a question I need not dogmatize upon, having never studied it, and think it needless to busy myself with it now, when I expect soon an Opportunity of knowing the Truth with less Trouble. I see no harm in its being believed, if that belief has the good Consequence, as probably it has, of making his Doctrines more respected and better observed; especially as I do not perceive, that the Supreme takes it amiss, by distinguishing the Unbelievers in his Government of the world with any peculiar Marks of his Displeasure."'' <ref>http://personal.pitnet.net/primarysources/franklin-stiles.html</ref>

===Whitefield===
Franklin admired [[George Whitefield]], who first visited the colonies in 1738 and played a major role in the [[First Great Awakening]]. Franklin saw Whitefield as a fellow intellectual, but thought Whitefield's plan to run an orphanage in Georgia would lose money. Franklin published several of Whitefield's tract. He was intrigued and himself moved by Whitefield's ability to preach and speak with clarity and enthusiasm to crowds ranging in the thousands. Franklin was an ecumenist and approved of Whitefield's ability to appeal to members of many denominations. Franklin was not moved by the Methodist evangelist's revivals, but did conclude that religiosity was a good thing for other people, so at the Constitutional Convention in 1787, he proposed a prayer for divine intervention to aid the troubled proceedings. After one of Whitefield's sermons, Franklin noted the:
:"wonderful...change soon made in the manners of our inhabitants. From being thoughtless or indifferent about religion, it seem'd as if all the world were growing religious, so that one could not walk thro' the town in an evening without hearing psalms sung in different families of every street."<ref>''The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin,'' p.104-108; Samuel J. Rogal, "Toward a Mere Civil Friendship: Benjamin Franklin and George Whitefield." ''Methodist History'' 1997 35(4): 233-243. 0026-1238</ref>

A lifelong close friendship developed between the revivalist preacher and the worldly, secular humanist. Looking beyond their public images, one finds a common charity, humility, and ethical sense embedded in the character of each man. True loyalty based on genuine affection coupled with a high value placed on friendship helped their association grow even stronger over time.

==Fame==
By 1776 Franklin was the most famous American in the world. He was one of the most prominent of the Founding Fathers, early political figures and statesmen of the [[United States]].

In the years immediately following his death, Franklin's reputation fell upon evil days. His political enemies, as well as [[Federalist Party]], journalists systematically emphasized the less attractive aspects of his character and minimized his achievements. The [[calumny]] was repeated until the 1850s, when the first real attempts were made to paint a broader portrait of this many-sided man. Franklin's "rags to riches" career had a natural attraction in the go-getter mood of the [[Gilded Age]] and he became the patron saint of "getting on," a role that he has not yet lost. The xenophobia of the period also affected the image of Franklin in that his prudential philosophy appeared less an expression of selfishness than a means of achievement expressive of the best in the American national character. The late 19th century also saw the beginning of real Franklin scholarship.<ref>Richard D. Miles, "The American Image of Benjamin Franklin" ''American Quarterly'' 1957 9(2): 117-143. [http://www.jstor.org/pss/2710628 in JSTOR]</ref>

Franklin is one of the few non-presidents whose likeness appears on U.S. currency. Franklin graces the $100 bill while [[Alexander Hamilton]] appears on the $10 bill.

In 1933, Isamu Noguchi (1904–88) designed a monument to Franklin. For years, the project languished. It finally came to fruition in Philadelphia in 1984 as “Bolt of Lightning . . . Memorial to Ben Franklin.”

Franklin was highly regarded throughout Europe as a leader in science and diplomacy, and as the representative American and the symbol of the New World's integrity and progress. The intellectual, poltiical and scoial leaders of France viewed Franklin as the epitome of the enlightened legislator, a brilliant inventor, and perceptive economist. He inspired his contemporaries and successive generations of Frenchmen to eulogize him in the arts. His unassailable reputation also encouraged divergent political factions to claim Franklin as a mentor after his death in 1790. Franklin was a figure of the Enlightenment, two countries, and two revolutions and there are still reminders of him in France today.<ref>J. A. Leith, "Le Culte de Franklin en France avant et pendant la Révolution Française," ["France's Cult of Franklin before and during the French Revolution"]. ''Annales Historiques de la Révolution Française,'' 1976 226 48(4): 543-571. 0003-4436</ref>

While most historians have admired Franklin's achievements, British literary critic [[D. H. Lawrence]] ridiculed Franklin as excessivelyt middle class. Lawrence spent time in the United States in the 1920s but came to dislike the country. He focused on Franklin as a personification of American culture in two essays. Lawrence's disdain for Franklin was based largely in their different philosophies. Franklin felt man was perfectable, and could excel through hard work, while Lawrence saw man as an imperfect, creative, fragmented being, for whom the body and emotions are central to achieving happiness.<ref>Ormond Seavey, "D. H. Lawrence and 'The First Dummy American'." ''Georgia Review'' 1985 39(1): 113-128. 0016-8386; D. H. Lawrence, ''Studies in Classic American Literature'' (1923), [http://xroads.virginia.edu/~hyper/LAWRENCE/dhlch02.htm online edition of ch. 2 on Franklin]</ref>

===Join or Die===
[[Image:Join-die.jpg|thumb|290px|left]]
The famous cartoon entitled "Join, or Die," printed on 9 May 1754 in Franklin's ''Pennsylvania Gazette'', shows a sliced up rattlesnake that forms a map of the colonies. It is impotent unless it joins together, as nature clearly intended. Rattlesnakes—powerful and dangerous creatures that were not found in Britain—were often used to represent America. Georgia, the newest colony, is missing, as is Delaware (then part of Pennsylvania). The cartoon alludes to an old myth that a snake that had been cut into pieces would come back to life if the sections were reassembled before sunset, Franklin based his cartoon on a 17th-century French emblem book by Nicolas Verrien which includes a snake divided into two parts with the motto: 'Se rejoindre ou mourir' ('Join or die').

While the idea behind the illustration was Franklin's, historians have not discovered who did the actual engraving. In form the illustration follows the plan of an emblem book illustration, with a motto, a symbolic picture, and an explanatory text; Franklin even referred to it in correspondence as an "emblem." Franklin was responsible for many visual creations, such as cartoons, designs for flags and paper money, emblems and devices. He possessed an extraordinary knowledge of symbols and heraldry. The snake image may be a composite of those found in Mark Catesby's ''The Natural History of Carolina, Florida, and the Bahama Islands'' (1731–43). The iconic image of national unity became widespread in political illustrations concerning the [[Stamp Act]] of 1765, the American Revolution, and both the Union and Confederate causes in the American Civil War.<ref>Karen Severud Cook, "Benjamin Franklin and the Snake that would not Die," ''British Library Journal'' 1996 22 (1): 88-112. 0305-5167; Mark Bryant, "The First American Political Cartoon," ''History Today'' v. 57#12 (December 2007) pp 58+. [http://www.questia.com/read/5024806593?title=The%20First%20American%20Political%20Cartoon online edition]</ref>

==Autobiography==
A year after Franklin's death, his unfinished draft autobiography, entitled "Memoires De La Vie Privee," was published in Paris in March 1791, and portions soon appeared in English. The first complete edition appeares in 1868. It was one of the first and greatest American autobiographies and appears in many editions. Historians have treated the ''Autobiography'' as an allegory for the paradigm of American upward social mobility as well as representing the early economic and political success of America. Beyond this basic representativeness, it endorses the economic promise of free enterprise by using Franklin's life experience to advocate the new nation's economic potential and creditworthiness. Franklin aligns his own history with that of the fledgling United States, in effect equating his ability to successfully capitalize on credit with that of the nation. By depicting his own public credibility, Franklin was able to translate his reputation and promise of success into an endorsement of the viability of American life, intertwining self- and national promotion. In sharp contrast to Jefferson's glorification of the yeoman farmer as the carrier of republican virtue, Franklin looked to the [[cosmopolitan]] city for the advancement of mankind, as he tells how the youth arrives in the idyllic city of Philadelphia, where adherence to principles of independence, morality, and industry bring him success.<ref>Jennifer Jordan Baker, "Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography and the Credibility of Personality." ''Early American Literature'' 2000 35(3): 274-293. 0012-8163; James L. Machor, "The Urban Idyll of the New Republic: Moral Geography and the Mythic Hero of Franklin's Autobiography." ''Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography'' 1986 110(2): 219-236.</ref>

The ''Autobiography'' gave an incomplete view of Franklin. The persona that Franklin assumed here was merely another of the several public roles he adopted in his writings and political activities. He believed that personal growth could only be accomplished by surrendering to a public function, and that the public forum should be a community for discourse rather than a marketplace for personal competition and acquisition.

==Quotes==
* From a letter in April 1787: "Only a virtuous people are capable of freedom. As nations become corrupt and vicious, they have more need of masters." and "it would end in despotism, as other forms have done before it, when the people shall have become so corrupted as to need despotic government, being incapable of any other."

* "I have lived, Sir, a long time, and the longer I live, the more convincing proofs I see of this truth - ''that God Governs in the affairs of men''. And if a sparrow cannot fall to the ground without his notice, is it probable that an empire can rise without his aid? We have been assured, Sir, in the sacred writings, that "except the Lord build the House they labour in vain that build it." I firmly believe this; and I also believe that without his concurring aid we shall succeed in this political building no better, than the Builders of Babel: We shall be divided by our little partial local interests; our projects will be confounded, and we ourselves shall become a reproach and bye word down to future ages. And what is worse, mankind may hereafter from this unfortunate instance, despair of establishing Governments by Human wisdom and leave it to chance, war and conquest."<ref>[http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/debates_628.asp Madison Debates, June 28], [[Constitutional Convention]]</ref>

* "A republic . . . if you can keep it."<ref>http://www.whatwouldthefoundersthink.com/a-republic-if-you-can-keep-it</ref>

* "We must hang together, or most assuredly, we will hang separately." <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=7mgAwXas5xIC&pg=PA49&dq=We+must+hang+together,+or+we+will+assuredly+hang+separately.&ei=hqEySrf_N5jeyAThoNSCBg Beyond political correctness: social transformation in the United States‎ - Page 49] by Michael S. Cummings</ref>

*"Work as if you were to live a hundred years. Pray as if you were to die tomorrow." <ref>[http://www.ushistory.org/franklin/quotable/quote29.htm The Quotable Franklin] USHistory.org</ref>

*"Words may show a man's wit but actions his meaning." <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=A5kEAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA2-PA601&dq=Words+may+show+a+man%27s+wit+but+actions+his+meaning&ei=Azw8SvyjM5-8zASKj7y6BQ The life of Benjamin Franklin‎ - Page 601] by Benjamin Franklin, John Bigelow</ref>

*"I think the best way of doing good to the poor, is not making them easy in poverty, but leading or driving them out of it." <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=SrIEAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA430&dq=I+think+the+best+way+of+doing+good+to+the+poor,+is+not+making+them+easy+in+poverty,+but+leading+or+driving+them+out+of+it.&ei=VfNySvOGJ6bAygTw7q2TAw Memoirs of Benjamin Franklin‎ - Page 430]</ref>

*"He that is good for making excuses is seldom good for anything else"

*"In fine, we have the most sensible Concern for the poor distressed Inhabitants of the Frontiers. We have taken every Step in our Power, consistent with the just Rights of the Freemen of Pennsylvania, for their Relief, and we have Reason to believe, that in the Midst of their Distresses they themselves do not wish us to go farther. '''Those who would give up essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety.'''" - Reply to the Governor, 11 November 1755<ref>[https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Franklin/01-06-02-0107 Pennsylvania Assembly: Reply to the Governor, 11 November 1755]</ref>

*"As for Jesus of Nazareth ... I think the system of Morals and Religion as he left them to us, the best the World ever saw ... but I have ... some Doubts to his Divinity; though' it is a Question I do not dogmatism upon, having never studied it, and think it is needless to busy myself with it now, where I expect soon an Opportunity of knowing the Truth with less Trouble."<ref>http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/history/20018/benjamin_franklin_and_his_religious_beliefs/1014592</ref>

*"Half the truth is often a great lie" <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=EuvqPkAq2bkC&pg=PA192&dq=half+a+truth+is+often+a+great+lie&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiri5KE56jOAhXqJ8AKHStKCDEQ6AEIKDAC#v=onepage&q=half%20a%20truth%20is%20often%20a%20great%20lie&f=false Early American Proverbs and Proverbial Phrases by Bartlett Jere Whiting]</ref>

*"I have since had the satisfaction to learn, that a disposition to abolish slavery prevails in North America, that many of the Pennsylvanians have set their Slaves at liberty, and that even the Virginia Assembly have petitioned the King for permission to make a law for preventing the importation of more into that Colony."<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=uFYCAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA42 The works of Benjamin Franklin: with notes and a life of the author by J. Sparks]</ref>

==Basic readings==
* Becker, Carl Lotus. "Benjamin Franklin," ''Dictionary of American Biography'' (1931) with hot links [http://tigger.uic.edu/~rjensen/franklin.htm#becker online]
* Brands, Henry. ''The First American: The Life and Times of Benjamin Franklin'' (2000)- excellent long scholarly biography [https://www.amazon.com/First-American-Times-Benjamin-Franklin/dp/0385495404/ref=pd_bbs_3?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1203222697&sr=8-3 excerpt and text search]
* Isaacson, Walter. ''Benjamin Franklin: An American Life'' (2004) - good popular biography [https://www.amazon.com/Benjamin-Franklin-American-Walter-Isaacson/dp/074325807X/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1203222697&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Ketcham, Ralph. ''Benjamin Franklin'' (1966) 228 pp [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=34300175 online edition], by short biography by a scholar
* Morgan, Edmund S. ''Benjamni Franklin'' (2003) the best short introduction [https://www.amazon.com/Benjamin-Franklin-Yale-Nota-Bene/dp/0300101627/ref=pd_bbs_10?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1203222697&sr=8-10 excerpt and text search]
* Van Doren, Carl. ''Benjamin Franklin'' (1938), standard older biography [https://www.amazon.com/Benjamin-Franklin-Carl-Van-Doren/dp/193154185X/ref=sr_1_6?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1203222991&sr=8-6 excerpt and text search]
* Wright, Esmond. ''Franklin of Philadelphia'' (1986) - excellent scholarly study [https://www.amazon.com/Franklin-Philadelphia-Belknap-Esmond-Wright/dp/0674318102/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1203223116&sr=8-2 excerpt and text search]

==Detailed Bibliography==
===Biographies===
* Becker, Carl Lotus. "Benjamin Franklin," ''Dictionary of American Biography'' (1931) - vol 3, with hot links [http://tigger.uic.edu/~rjensen/franklin.htm#becker online]
* Brands, Henry. ''The First American: The Life and Times of Benjamin Franklin'' (2000)- excellent long scholarly biography [https://www.amazon.com/First-American-Times-Benjamin-Franklin/dp/0385495404/ref=pd_bbs_3?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1203222697&sr=8-3 excerpt and text search]
* Isaacson, Walter. ''Benjamin Franklin: An American Life'' (2004) - well written popular biography [https://www.amazon.com/Benjamin-Franklin-American-Walter-Isaacson/dp/074325807X/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1203222697&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Ketcham, Ralph. ''Benjamin Franklin'' (1966) 228 pp [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=34300175 online edition]
* Morgan, Edmund S. ''Benjamni Franklin'' (2003) the best short introduction [https://www.amazon.com/Benjamin-Franklin-Yale-Nota-Bene/dp/0300101627/ref=pd_bbs_10?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1203222697&sr=8-10 excerpt and text search]
* Van Doren, Carl. ''Benjamin Franklin'' (1938), standard older biography [https://www.amazon.com/Benjamin-Franklin-Carl-Van-Doren/dp/193154185X/ref=sr_1_6?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1203222991&sr=8-6 excerpt and text search]
* Wood, Gordon. ''The Americanization of Benjamin Franklin'' (2005), influential intellectual history by leading conservative historian. [https://www.amazon.com/Americanization-Benjamin-Franklin-Gordon-Wood/dp/0143035282/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1236327205&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Wright, Esmond. ''Franklin of Philadelphia'' (1986) - excellent scholarly study [https://www.amazon.com/Franklin-Philadelphia-Belknap-Esmond-Wright/dp/0674318102/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1203223116&sr=8-2 excerpt and text search]

===Specialized Scholarly Studies===
* Anderson, Douglas. ''The Radical Enlightenments of Benjamin Franklin'' (1997) - fresh look at the intellectual roots of Franklin
* Buxbaum, M.H., ed. ''Critical Essays on Benjamin Franklin'' (1987)
* Chaplin, Joyce. ''The First Scientific American: Benjamin Franklin and the Pursuit of Genius.'' (2007)
* Cohen, I. Bernard. ''Benjamin Franklin's Science'' (1990) - Cohen, the leading specialist, has several books on Franklin's science
* Conner, Paul W. ''Poor Richard's Politicks'' (1965) - analyzes Franklin's ideas in terms of the Enlightenment and republicanism
* Dull, Jonathan. ''A Diplomatic History of the American Revolution'' (1985)
* Ford, Paul Leicester. ''The Many-Sided Franklin'' (1899) [http://www.questia.com/library/book/the-many-sided-franklin-by-paul-leicester-ford.jsp online edition] - collection of scholarly essays
* Lemay, J. A. Leo, ed. ''Reappraising Benjamin Franklin: A Bicentennial Perspective'' (1993) - scholarly essays
* Lemay, J. A. Leo. ''The Life of Benjamin Franklin'' the most detailed scholarly biography, with very little interpretation; 3 volumes appeared before the author's death in 2008
** ''Volume 1: Journalist, 1706-1730'' (2005) 568pp [https://www.amazon.com/Life-Benjamin-Franklin-Journalist-1706-1730/dp/0812238540/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b excerpt and text search]
** ''Volume 2: Printer and Publisher, 1730-1747'' (2005) 664pp; [https://www.amazon.com/Life-Benjamin-Franklin-Publisher-1730-1747/dp/0812238559/ref=pd_bxgy_b_text_b excerpt and text search]
**''Volume 3: Soldier, Scientist, and Politician, 1748-1757'' (2008), 768pp [https://www.amazon.com/Life-Benjamin-Franklin-Scientist-Politician/dp/0812241215/ref=pd_bbs_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1236306986&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* McCoy, Drew R. "Benjamin Franklin's Vision of a Republican Political Economy for America." ''William and Mary Quarterly'' 1978 35(4): 607–628. [http://www.jstor.org/pss/1923207 in JSTOR]
* Skemp, Sheila L. ''Benjamin and William Franklin: Father and Son, Patriot and Loyalist'' (1994)- Ben's son was a leading Loyalist

===Primary Sources===
* Franklin, Benjamin. ''Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin'', ed. L.W. Labaree et al. (1964) [http://www.earlyamerica.com/lives/franklin/ online edition] - there are many editions
* Franklin, Benjamin. ''Franklin: Writings'', ed. J.A. Leo Lemay, Library of America (1987) [https://www.amazon.com/Franklin-Writings-Library-America-Benjamin/dp/0940450291/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1207333906&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]; [http://infomotions.com/alex/?cmd=search&query=creator:Franklin complete text online free]
* Franklin, Benjamin. ''Information to Those Who Would Remove to America'' (1784)
*Labaree, Leonard W., et al., eds., ''The Papers of Benjamin Franklin'' 35 vols. to date (1959-2002) - definitive edition, through 1781. This massive collection of BF's writings, and letters to him, is available in print form at large research libraries. [http://www.franklinpapers.org/franklin/index.jsp?src=g1&gclid=CJ6my-GEwpICFSgwiQodDQldrA the complete text, searchable, is online free from Yale] It is most useful for detailed research on very specific topics.
*[http://franklinpapers.org/franklin/ Yale edition of complete works of Benjamin Franklin]
*[http://www.tufts.edu/as/wright_center/fellows/bob_morse_04/ The Electrical Writings of Benjamin Franklin] Collected by Robert A. Morse, 2004.
*[http://sln.fi.edu/franklin/family/lastwill.html Franklin's Last Will & Testament] Transcription.

==Notes==
<references/>

==External links==
* [http://tigger.uic.edu/~rjensen/franklin.htm "Guide to Benjamin Franklin" by Richard Jensen January 2007]
*[http://www.english.udel.edu/lemay/franklin/ Leo Lemay, ed. ''"Benjamin Franklin: A Documentary History"]
* [https://librivox.org/author/350 Works by Benjamin Franklin - text and free audio] - [[LibriVox]]

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Conservative

2021-06-16T18:12:30Z

Hfhff:

A '''conservative''' is someone who promotes [[moral]] and [[economic]] values beneficial to all. A conservative is willing to learn and advocate the insights of [[economics]] and the logic of the [[Bible]] for the benefit of everyone else. A conservative favors conserving value by not giving handouts to anyone who does not really need them.

A conservative typically adheres to principles of personal [[responsibility]], moral values, and [[limited government]], agreeing with [[George Washington]]'s [[Farewell Address]] that "[[religion]] and [[morality]] are indispensable supports" to political prosperity.<ref>[http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/democrac/49.htm United States Department of State] George Washington, farewell address, 1796</ref><ref>[[Merriam-Webster]]'s Online Dictionary has the following definition of conservative: "tending or disposed to maintain existing views, conditions, or institutions : TRADITIONAL"[http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/conservative] Therefore, a conservative Christian would be one that tends to adhere to the morally sound doctrines of the early Christianity and [[Judeo-Christian]] values.</ref>

Religious conservatism is a big driver of [[social conservatism]]. Religious conservatism is growing in the world and it is affecting politics (see: [[Religious conservatism and politics]]).

[[Phil Crane]], the leading conservative congressman in the [[House]] from 1969 to 2005, urged people to make the world a better place than where they found it, and quoted frequently from the [[Bible]] in pursuit of that goal.<ref>http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/breaking/chi-phil-crane-obituary-20141109-story.html</ref>

Former President [[Ronald Reagan]] said, "The basis of conservatism is a desire for less government interference or less centralized authority or more individual freedom."<ref>http://www.reason.com/news/show/29318.html</ref>
[[File:460px-Calvin Coolidge photo portrait head and shoulders.jpg|200px|thumb|[[Calvin Coolidge]], the 30th President of the United States, was a conservative who said, "Don't expect to build up the weak by pulling down the strong."]]

==Goals and principles==
{{main|Modern conservatism}}

Specifically, conservatives seek or support:

* Support for [[Natural Law]], [[unalienable rights]], and [[republicanism]]
* [[Limited government]] and balanced budgets
* [[Capitalism]] and [[free market|free markets]]
* [[Classroom prayer]]
* Respect for human life and prohibition of [[abortion]]
* [[Abstinence]] education
* Traditional [[marriage]], not [[same-sex "marriage"]]
* The concept of retribution for crimes, including the [[death penalty]] for heinous murders proven beyond reasonable doubt
* [[Family values]], including traditional relationships and division of labor within the household
* Respect for differences between men and women, boys and girls
* Laws against [[pornography]]
* [[First Amendment]] rights to [[free speech]] and [[religious freedom]]
* The [[Second Amendment]] right to keep and bear arms
* Economic allocative efficiency (as opposed to popular equity)
* Parental control of education ([[parental rights]])
* Private medical care and retirement plans
* Canceling failed social support programs
* Opposition to [[globalism]], [[one-world government]], and the [[War on Sovereignty]]
* [[Economic nationalism]] over globalist [[free trade|"free" trade]]
* Valuing [[patriotism]], [[self-governance]], and [[sovereignty]]
* [[Border wall|Border security]] and enforcement of strong [[immigration]] laws, opposition to mass migration and [[open borders]]
* Respect for our military ... past and present
* Rejection of [[junk science]] such as [[evolution]] and [[global warming]]
* Minimal taxation
* [[Federalism]] (Separation of powers among the National, State and Local governments)
* Favoring [[states' rights]] over federal power, while accepting the Constitutional role of the federal government, and favoring [[subsidiarity]]
* Opposition to [[big government]] and the [[Nanny State]]
* A strong national defense
* An [[Originalism|Originalist]] and [[Textualism|Textualist]] interpretation of the [[United States Constitution|Constitution]], and strongly oppose [[judicial activism]]
* A dedication to the truth, and an ability to seek it
* Ending [[entitlement]] programs
* Voluntary charity to those in genuine need
__TOC__ 

==List of prominent conservatives==
===Movement===
[[Movement conservatives]] are those who accept the logic of conservatism across-the-board, and stand up for its powerful principles despite [[liberal]] ridicule. Movement conservative activists in the U.S. include:
*[[Phyllis Schlafly]], defeated the [[ERA]]
*[[Larry McDonald]], Congressman, on board [[KAL 007]] when shot down by the Soviets near [[Moneron Island]].
*[[Jesse Helms]], Senator, specialist in foreign policy
*[[Alan Keyes]], ambassador and commentator
*[[Jim Jordan]], [[Thomas Massie]], [[Steve King]], [[Tom Tancredo]], and [[Dave Brat]], Congressmen
*[[Pat Buchanan]], commentator and presidential candidate
*[[Thomas Sowell]], economist and commentator
*[[Jerry Falwell]], religion
*[[Tucker Carlson]], commentator
*[[Ann Coulter]], commentator
*[[Michelle Malkin]], blogger and columnist
*[[Roy Moore]], judge
*[[Rand Paul]], Senator
*[[Josh Hawley]], Senator
*[[Kris Kobach]], state official
*[[Michele Bachmann]], Congresswoman
*[[Ron DeSantis]], Governor of Florida
*[[George S. Patton]], Four-Star WWII General

===Presidents===
Periodically a conservative has been elected [[President of the United States of America|President of the United States]]. The most prominent conservative presidents include:
*[[George Washington]] (1789–1797)
*[[James Monroe]] (1817–1825)
*[[Grover Cleveland]] (1885–1889, 1893–1897)
*[[Warren G. Harding]] (1921–1923)
*[[Calvin Coolidge]] (1923–1929)
*[[Dwight D Eisenhower]] (1953-1961)
*[[Ronald Reagan]] (1981–1989)
*[[Donald Trump]] (2017–)

The most prominent conservative Congresses have been:

*The 80th Congress (elected in 1946)
*The 104th Congress (elected in 1994)

===Key leaders===
*[[Robert Taft]] — U.S. Senator, leader of the [[Conservative Coalition]], and unsuccessful 1948 presidential candidate
*[[Barry Goldwater]] — 1964 Republican candidate, lost to liberal Democrat [[Lyndon Johnson]] but revived the conservative movement inside the GOP
*[[Russell Kirk]] — Theorist & intellectual
*[[Robert Bork]] — legal scholar, government official, and unsuccessful Supreme Court nominee
*[[Margaret Thatcher]] — British prime minister between 1979 and 1990, held views similar to Reagan's
*[[Milton Friedman]] — Chicago-school [[libertarian]] [[economist]], influential during Reagan administration; leader of the [[Chicago School of Economics]]
*[[Clarence Thomas]] — Supreme Court justice
*[[James C. Ho]] — Federal judge, thought leader for judicial originalism

===Hall of Fame===
Conservative scholar Clinton Rossiter<ref>Rossiter, "The Giants of American Conservatism," ''American Heritage'' 1955 6(6): 56-59, 94-96, online in [[EBSCO]]</ref> names [[Alexander Hamilton]], [[John Adams]], [[John Marshall]], [[Daniel Webster]], [[John C. Calhoun]], [[Elihu Root]], and [[Theodore Roosevelt]] to the "Conservative's Hall of Fame,"'' with John Adams as the greatest of American conservatives—a dubious choice since President Adams was an ardent opponent of [[free speech]] to criticize government.

==U.S. voters==
In America, most conservatives support the [[Republican Party]], but not exclusively so. In the 2008 election, 35% of the voters identified themselves as conservatives. Of them, 78% voted for [[John McCain]] and 20% for [[Barack Hussein Obama]], with the 20% accounting for Obama's margin of victory. Only 22% of the voters were liberal; they favored Obama 89%-10%. In the middle were 44% who called themselves moderates. They split for Obama by 60%-39%. (Minor candidates won 2% of the vote.)<ref>See [https://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2008/results/polls/#USP00p1 Presidential 2008 Exit Poll]</ref>
[[File:Russell Kirk.jpg|thumbnail|300px|[[Russell Kirk]] was an American political theorist, conservative intellectual, historian of ideas, social critic, and man of letters, who is best known for his role in the American conservative movement. ]]
Conservatives generally understand liberals better than liberals understand conservatives.<ref>[https://theindependentwhig.com/haidt-passages/haidt/conservatives-understand-liberals-better-than-liberals-understand-conservatives/ Haidt: Conservatives Understand Liberals Better Than Liberals Understand Conservatives]. ''The Independent Whig''. Retrieved November 13, 2019.</ref>

===Religious differences between political conservatives and political liberals===
The Barna poll conducted in November 2008 shows significant differences between the 32% of Americans who called themselves as “mostly conservative” on social and political matters; and the 17% who called themselves “mostly liberal” on social and political matters. The others—50%--were moderates with positions somewhere in-between.<ref>See [http://www.barna.org/barna-update/article/13-culture/258-survey-shows-how-liberals-and-conservatives-differ-on-matters-of-faith on line results]</ref>

Some findings:
Political liberals are less than half as likely as political conservatives to firmly believe that the Bible is totally accurate in all of the principles it teaches (27% versus 63%, respectively); to strongly believe that [[Satan]] is real (17% versus 36%); and to firmly contend that they have a personal responsibility to share their religious beliefs with others (23% versus 48%).

[Note: "Liberal" and "conservative" in this survey are based on politics]

Liberals are also far less likely than conservatives to strongly believe each of the following:
*their religious faith is very important in their life (54% of liberals vs. 82% of conservatives);
*a person cannot earn their way into [[Heaven]] by doing good deeds or being a good person (23% vs. 37%);
*their faith is becoming an increasingly important moral guide in their life (38% vs. 70%);
*the church they currently attend is very important in helping them find direction and fulfillment in life (37% vs. 62%);
*their primary purpose in life is to love God with all their heart, mind, strength and soul (43% vs. 76%);

political conservatives were more likely than liberals to:
*read the Bible, other than at church events, during the past week (57% vs. 33%, respectively)
*attend a religious service during the past week (62% vs. 35%)
*[[pray]] to God, other than at a religious service, during the past week (91% vs. 76%)
*share their religious beliefs with others, during the past year (56% vs. 39%, among the born again Christians interviewed from each segment)
*have ever participated in a short-term missions trip, either within the U.S. or in another country (12% vs. 6%)

*2% of conservatives and 11% of liberals were [[Atheism|atheist]] or [[agnostic]]
*15% of conservatives and 2% of liberals were [[Evangelical Christians|Christian evangelicals]]
*conservatives were twice as likely as liberals to be categorized as [[born again]], based on their theological views about salvation (63% vs. 32%)
*21% of conservatives were associated with the [[Roman Catholic Church]], compared to 30% among the liberals.

== Conservative organizations ==
{{See also|Major conservative organizations}}
Several organizations exist that promote consistently conservative values.

=== Conservative news ===
{{See also|Conservative news websites}}
Some of the more notable news organizations which tend to be more conservative are [[WorldNetDaily]] and [[NewsMax]]. [[Fox News]], though often called conservative, tends to be more [[neoconservative]] than conservative.

=== Conservative magazines and blogs ===
{{See also|Conservative media}}
Well known conservative magazines in the United States include ''[[National Review]]'', ''[[Policy Review]]'', ''[[The Weekly Standard]]'' and others.

Some notable [[Conservative blogs|conservative political blogs]] include the [[Heritage Foundation]]'s Policy Weblog, ''[[Human Events]]'', [[Michelle Malkin]], Newsbusters, Townhall.com and others.

== Neoconservatives ==

American commentators who ally themselves with the conservative movement but reject its religious or moral underpinnings are generally known as [[neoconservatives]].<ref>Jonah Goldberg, [http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=ZWMxNWNiNDJkY2JmNTExY2E1MzdkYWU3MWU1MTBiOGU= "What Is a 'Conservative'?"], [[National Review|National Review Online]], 11 May 2005</ref>

In the United States, conservatives are generally characterized by the following beliefs:

# Support of [[limited government]].
# A preference for freedom of opportunity over equality of result.
# [[Patriotism]], [[nationalism]], and support of a strong defense.
# Support of the institution of [[marriage]].
# Emphasis on social values, like [[prayer]] and [[pro-life]] principles.

In contrast, neoconservatives generally support [[Big government|bigger government]] and [[globalism]], and tend to downplay the significance of social values.

== Paleoconservatives ==

[[Paleoconservatives]] are conservatives who are more focused on social issues and American [[sovereignty]] and are suspicious of both big government and big business, along with [[globalism]] and [[multiculturalism]]. They also lean against foreign interventionism. Neoconservatives criticize this with the pejorative term of "[[isolationism]]," as they believe in promoting [[democracy]] worldwide, even where different religious or value systems are incompatible with democracy-induced changes in control.

A notable paleoconservative was Democrat Congressman from Georgia, [[Larry McDonald]]. He was also second Chairman of the [[John Birch Society]], and President of Western Goals. McDonald was aboard [[Korean Airlines Flight 007]] when it was shot down by the [[Soviet Union|Soviets]] near [[Moneron Island]] in 1983. Other paleoconservatives include [[Pat Buchanan]] and [[Tom Tancredo]].

==Fiscal Conservatism vs. Social Conservatism==

''For further details on the two related philosophies, see [[Fiscal conservatism]] and [[Social conservatism]]''

Recently, a division has been created between fiscal conservatism and social conservatism. Fiscal conservatism centers around a low and [[Balanced budget|balanced]] government [[budget]], and generally is opposed to programs such as [[Social Security]] and [[Medicare]]. Its primary goal is to reduce government spending significantly. Social Conservatism, on the other hand, focuses on the moral issues of conservatism. A social conservative will oppose [[same-sex marriage]], [[abortion]], and the teaching of [[evolution]] in schools. The majority of Conservatives (including most of the [[Republican Party]]) fall into both categories, however some fall into one or the other, but not both. Notably, [[Libertarians]] are strong fiscal conservatives but are not socially conservative. For instance, the [[Libertarian Party]] Platform <ref>[http://www.lp.org/platform]</ref> expresses support for the fiscally conservative principles of ending publicly funded [[welfare]] and [[healthcare]] programs as well as reducing government spending overall significantly. However, it also expresses support for [[same-sex marriage]] (with some libertarians leaning towards the ultimate goal of total [[marriage privatization]]) as well as maintaining the legal status of abortion.

Some Republicans and [[Democrat Party|Democrats]] also fit one category but not the other. Former [[New Mexico]] governor [[Gary Johnson]], who is seeking the Republican presidential nomination in 2012, was deemed "the most fiscally conservative governor" while he was in office (and probably earned that honor given all the spending cuts he made) but at the same time, he supports [[marriage privatization]] and [[abortion]] (though he believes ''[[Roe v. Wade]]'' should be overturned on Constitutional grounds). Also, several Democrats have expressed opposition to same-sex marriage and/or abortion, but still support liberal fiscal programs such as Social Security. They would be the opposite of Johnson - socially conservative but fiscally liberal.

=== Expected growth of social conservatism and religious conservatism ===

Due to the explosive growth of [[global Christianity]] in traditional cultures and their influence on Western Christianity and the higher birth rate of [[Conservative Christianity|conservative Christians]] and religious conservatives, social conservatism is expected to rise.

The Birkbeck College, University of London professor Eric Kaufman wrote in his 2010 book ''Shall the Righteous Inherit the Earth?'' concerning America:
{{cquote|High evangelical fertility rates more than compensated for losses to liberal Protestant sects during the twentieth century. In recent decades, white secularism has surged, but Latino and Asian religious immigration has taken up the slack, keeping secularism at bay. Across denominations, the fertility advantage of religious fundamentalists of all colours is significant and growing. After 2020, their demographic weight will begin to tip the balance in the [[Culture War|culture wars]] towards the conservative side, ramping up pressure on hot-button issues such as [[abortion]]. By the end of the century, three quarters of America may be pro-life. Their activism will leap over the borders of the 'Redeemer Nation' to evangelize the world. Already, the rise of the World Congress of Families has launched a global religious right, its arms stretching across the bloody lines of the War on Terror to embrace the entire Abrahamic family.<ref>[http://questionevolution.blogspot.com/2012/05/why-are-years-2012-and-2020-key-years.html Why are 2012 and 2020 key years for Christian creationists and pro-lifers?]</ref>}}

== Personal conservatism ==
Because Conservatives often have strong political views, there can be a tendency to see conservatism as a purely political ideology. However, there is also a strong personal side to conservatism - being a conservative is as much about applying conservative values to one's everyday life as it is about campaigning and voting for conservative candidates. In general, conservatives can be characterized by a strong sense of personal [[morality]], a willingness to observe their culture's traditions and customs, and a desire to be respectable and to show due respect to other members of the community.

==History of American conservatism==
===Textbook problems===
{{See also|Textbook bias}}
College-level teaching about conservatism has been distorted by a "liberal state paradigm"—that is, [[textbook]]s usually interpret recent American history in terms of the origins and successes of political liberalism—especially the [[New Deal]], the [[welfare state]], [[labor union]]s, and [[Civil Rights Movement|Civil Rights]] for blacks and [[equality]] for women. Conservative politics is usually defined as a reaction: as a [[free market]] reply to the growth of [[big government]]; as an expression of outrage against declining support for tradition and Christian morality. Where the violent Wobblies ([[Industrial Workers of the World|IWW]]) and illegal sit down strikes of the 1930s are seen as heroic, exposing [[Communist]] subversion by [[Joe McCarthy]] is denounced as the nadir of political morality.<ref>See Leonard Moore, "Approaching Conservatism," ''OAH Magazine of History,'' 17 (January 2003) [http://www.oah.org/pubs/magazine/conservatism/moore.html online edition]</ref>

===Loyalists===
The [[Loyalists]] of the [[American Revolution]] were mostly political conservatives, some of whom produced political discourse of a high order, including lawyer [[Joseph Galloway]] and governor-historian [[Thomas Hutchinson]]. However, when the crisis came, they stood with the Crown as it tried to destroy American political liberties. After the war, the great majority remained in the U.S. and became citizens, but some leaders emigrated to other places in the British Empire. [[Samuel Seabury]] was a Loyalist who stayed and as the first American bishop played a major role in shaping the [[Episcopal]] religion, a stronghold of conservative social values. While the Loyalist political tradition died out totally it the U.S., it survives in Canadian conservatism.

===Founding Fathers===
The [[Founding Fathers]] created the single most important set of political ideas in American history, known as [[Republicanism]], which all groups, liberal and conservative alike, have drawn from. Two parties were named "Republican"—the one founded in 1794 by [[Thomas Jefferson]] and [[James Madison]] (it disappeared in the 1820s), and the modern GOP founded in 1854.

During the [[First Party System]] (1790s–1820s) the [[Federalist Party]], led by [[Alexander Hamilton]], developed an important variation of republicanism that can be considered conservative. Rejecting [[monarchy]] and [[aristocracy]], they emphasized civic virtue as the core American value. The Federalists spoke for the propertied interests and the upper classes of the cities. They envisioned a modernizing land of banks and factories, with a strong army and navy. [[George Washington]] was their great hero.

On many issues, American conservatism also derives from the republicanism of [[Thomas Jefferson]] and his followers, especially [[John Randolph of Roanoke]] and his "Old Republicans" or "[[Quids]]." They idealized the [[yeoman]] farmer as the epitome of civic virtue, warned that banking and industry led to [[corruption]], that is to the illegitimate use of government power for private ends. Jefferson himself was a vehement opponent of what today is called [[judicial activism]].
<ref>[http://etext.virginia.edu/jefferson/quotations/jeff1030.htm]</ref> The Jeffersonians stressed small government.

===Ante-Bellum: Calhoun and Webster===
During the [[Second Party System]] (1830–54) the [[Whig Party]] attracted most conservatives, such as [[Daniel Webster]] of New England. [[Daniel Webster]] and other leaders of the [[Whig Party]], called it the conservative party in the late 1830s.<ref>The word was originally used in the [[French Revolution]]. The British used it after 1839 to describe a major party. The first American usage is by Whigs who called themselves "Conservatives" in the late 1830s. Hans Sperber and Travis Trittschuh, ''American Political terms: An Historical Dictionary'' (1962) 94-97.</ref> [[John C. Calhoun]], a Democrat, articulated a sophisticated conservatism in his writings. [[Richard Hofstadter]] (1948) called him "The [[Karl Marx|Marx]] of the Master Class." Calhoun argued that a conservative minority should be able to limit the power of a "majority dictatorship" because tradition represents the wisdom of past generations. (This argument echoes one made by [[Edmund Burke]], the founder of British conservatism, in ''Reflections on the Revolution in France'' (1790)). Calhoun is considered the father of the idea of minority rights, a position adopted by liberals in the 1960s in dealing with [[Civil Rights]].

The conservatism of the antebellum period is contested territory; conservatives of the 21st century disagree over what comprises their heritage. Thus [[William J. Bennett]] (2006), a prominent conservative leader, warns conservatives to NOT honor Calhoun, [[Know nothing party|Know-Nothings]], [[Copperheads (politics)|Copperheads]] and 20th century [[isolationist]]s. Other conservatives disagree with Bennett.

===Lincoln to Cleveland===
Since 1865 the [[Republican Party]] has identified itself with President [[Abraham Lincoln]], who was the ideological heir of the [[Whig Party|Whigs]] and of both [[Thomas Jefferson|Jefferson]] and [[Alexander Hamilton|Hamilton]]. As the [[Gettysburg Address]] shows, Lincoln cast himself as a second Jefferson bringing a second birth of freedom to the nation that had been born 86 years before in Jefferson's [[Declaration of Independence|Declaration]]. The [[Copperheads (politics)|Copperheads]] of the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] reflected a [[reactionary]] opposition to modernity of the sort repudiated by modern conservatives. A few libertarians have adopted a neo-Copperhead position, arguing Lincoln was a dictator who created an all-powerful government.

In the late 19th century the [[Bourbon Democrat]]s, led by President [[Grover Cleveland]], preached against corruption, high taxes (protective [[tariff]]s), and [[imperialism]], and supported the [[gold standard]] and business interests. They were overthrown by [[William Jennings Bryan]] in 1896, who moved the mainstream of the Democrat Party permanently to the left.

The 1896 presidential election was the first with a conservative versus liberal theme in the way in which these terms are now understood. Republican [[William McKinley]] won using the pro-business slogan "[[sound money]] and protection," while Bryan's anti-bank populism had a lasting effect on economic policies of the Democrat Party.

[[William Graham Sumner]], [[Yale University|Yale]] professor (1872–1910) and polymath, vigorously promoted a libertarian conservative ethic. After dallying with [[Social Darwinism]] under the influence of [[Herbert Spencer]], he rejected [[evolution]] in his later works, and strongly opposed imperialism. He opposed monopoly and [[paternalism]] in theory as a threat to equality, democracy and middle class values, but was vague on what to do about it.<ref>Curtis, Bruce. "William Graham Sumner 'On the Concentration of Wealth.'" Journal of American History 1969 55(4): 823-832.</ref>

===Early 20th century===
In the [[Progressive Era]] (1890s-1932), regulation of industry expanded as conservatives led by Senator [[Nelson Aldrich]] of [[Rhode Island]] were put on the defensive. However, Aldrich's proposal for a strong national banking system was enacted as the [[Federal Reserve System]] in 1913. [[Theodore Roosevelt]], the dominant personality of the era, was both liberal and conservative by turns. As a liberal he took a tough [[Regulation|regulatory]] approach toward businesses and [[trust]]s, and (post-presidency) fought for social insurance for the elderly. As a conservative he led the fight to make the country a major naval power, and demanded entry into [[World War I]] to stop what he saw as the [[German Empire|German]] attacks on civilization. [[William Howard Taft]] promoted a strong federal judiciary that would overrule excessive legislation. Taft defeated Roosevelt on that issue in 1912, forcing Roosevelt out of the GOP and turning it to the right for decades. As president, Taft remade the [[Supreme Court of the United States|Supreme Court]] with five appointments; he himself presided as chief justice in 1921–30, the only former president ever to do so.
[[Image:Gop-plank.JPG|thumb|275px|1936 cartoon shows GOP building its platform from the conservative planks abandoned by the Democrats]]
Pro-business Republicans returned to dominance in 1920 with the election of President [[Warren G. Harding]]. The presidency of [[Calvin Coolidge]] (1923–29) was a high water mark for conservatism, both politically and intellectually. Classic writing of the period includes ''Democracy and Leadership'' (1924) by Irving Babbitt and [[H.L. Mencken]]'s magazine ''American Mercury'' (1924–33). The [[Efficiency Movement]] attracted many conservatives such as [[Herbert Hoover]] with its pro-business, pro-engineer approach to solving social and economic problems. In the 1920s many American conservatives generally maintained anti-foreign attitudes and, as usual, were disinclined toward changes to the healthy economic climate of the age.

During the [[Great Depression]], other conservatives participated in the taxpayers' revolt at the local level. From 1930 to 1933, Americans formed as many as 3,000 taxpayers' leagues to protest high [[property tax]]es. These groups endorsed measures to limit and rollback taxes, lowered penalties on tax delinquents, and cuts in government spending. A few also called for illegal resistance (or tax strikes). The best known of these was led by the Association of Real Estate Taxpayers in [[Chicago]] which, at its height, had 30,000 dues-paying members.

An important intellectual movement, calling itself [[Southern Agrarians]] and based in Nashville, brought together like-minded novelists, poets and historians who argued that modern values undermined the traditions of American [[Republicanism]] and civic virtue.

The Depression brought [[liberal]]s to power under President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] (1933). Indeed, the term "liberal" now came to mean a supporter of the [[New Deal]] and Roosevelt's powerful [[New Deal Coalition]]. In 1934 [[Al Smith]] and pro-business Democrats formed the [[American Liberty League]] to fight the new liberalism, but failed to stop Roosevelt's shifting the Democrat Party to the left. In 1936 the Republicans rejected Hoover and tried the more liberal [[Alf Landon]], who carried only [[Maine]] and [[Vermont]]. When Roosevelt tried to pack the Supreme Court in 1937 the conservatives finally cooperated across party lines and defeated it with help from Vice President [[John Nance Garner]]. Roosevelt unsuccessfully tried to purge the conservative Democrats in the 1938 election. The conservatives in Congress then formed a bipartisan informal [[Conservative Coalition]] of Republicans and southern Democrats. It largely controlled Congress from 1937 to 1964. Its most prominent leaders were Senator [[Robert Taft]], a Republican of [[Ohio]], and Senator [[Richard Russell]], Democrat of [[Georgia]].

In the United States, the [[Old Right]], also called the Old Guard, was a group of [[libertarianism|libertarian]], free-market anti-interventionists, originally associated with Midwestern Republicans and Southern Democrats. The Republicans (but not the southern Democrats) were [[isolationist]]s in 1939–41, (see [[America First]]), and later opposed [[NATO]] and U.S. military intervention in the [[Korean War]].

===Later 20th century: Goldwater and Buckley ===
By 1950, [[American liberalism]] was so dominant in academia and journalism that liberal critic [[Lionel Trilling]] dismissed contemporary conservatism and anti-communism as "irritable mental gestures which seek to resemble ideas." <ref>Lapham 2004</ref> But just as Trilling was writing a revival was underway. In the 1950s, principles for a conservative political movement were hashed out in books like [[Russell Kirk]]'s ''The Conservative Mind'' (1953) and in the highly influential new magazine ''[[National Review]]'', founded by [[William F. Buckley]] in 1955.

Whereas Taft's [[Old Right]] had been [[isolationist]] the new conservatism favored American intervention overseas to oppose [[Communism]]. It looked to the [[Founding Fathers]] for historical inspiration as opposed to [[John C. Calhoun|Calhoun]] and the antebellum South.

The success of the [[Civil Rights movement]] came in the Civil Rights Act of 1957, the [[bi-partisan]] [[Civil Rights Act of 1964]] and the [[Voting Rights Act]] of 1965. Conservatives supported all, but [[Barry Goldwater]] bucked party leadership to win a few Southern states for the first time since Reconstruction. Until then southern whites (both liberal and conservative) had been locked into the Democrat Party. That lock was now broken and some southern conservatives voted for Goldwater for president in 1964. In 1968, southern Democrats ran their own candidate against Richard Nixon. The southern blacks now began to vote in large numbers, and buoyed by [[Great Society]] [[entitlement]]s became Democrats, moving that party in the south to the left. In 1972 fully one third of all Democrats joined Richard Nixon's Silent Majority coalition against the far left progressive Democrats. Democrats shifted their strategy to nominating Southerners for president, Jimmy Carter in 1976, Bill Clinton in 1992 and 1996, and Al Gore in 2000. As the South became less racist, it became more Republican. By 2000, for the first time, all southern states had a conservative GOP and a liberal Democrat Party. The region split in both federal and state contests. In 2008 the [[Barack Hussein Obama|Obama]] campaign rebuilt the Clinton coalition in [[Florida]], [[Virginia]] and [[North Carolina]].

Goldwater, a charismatic figure whose intense opposition to all [[New Deal]] programs angered liberals, was defeated in a landslide in 1964. Goldwater faded and his supporters regrouped under new leadership, especially that of [[Ronald Reagan]] in [[California]], and regained strength nationally in the 1966 elections. Conservatives voted for [[Richard Nixon]] in 1968, who narrowly defeated the New Deal champion [[Hubert Humphrey]], and southern demagogue [[George Wallace]]. Nixon had come to terms with both the Goldwater wing of the party and the still-influential Rockefeller Republicans (Republicans from the [[Northeast]] who supported many New Deal programs).

===Nixon, Reagan, and Bush===

The Republican administrations of President [[Richard Nixon]] in the [[1970s]] were characterized more by their emphasis on ''[[realpolitik]]'', [[détente]], and socialist [[economic planning]] policies such as [[wage and price controls]], than by their adherence to conservative rhetoric and more liberal actions.

In the eight years of [[Ronald Reagan]]'s presidency 1981-89 the American conservative movement achieved ascendancy. In 1980 the GOP took control of the Senate for the first time since 1954, and [[conservative principles]] dominated Reagan's economic and foreign policies, with [[supply side economics]] as well as a strict opposition to [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[Communism]]. The [[free trade]] movement was used as a means to promote [[capitalism]] in the [[Third World]] to counter [[Marxist]] [[national liberation movement]]s. Reagan promised to cut [[welfare]] spending but failed to do so. He did cut taxes, but raised [[military spending]] and created large [[federal deficit]]s that turned out working to our advantage, because at that time, deficits didn't matter. It should be known that the Republicans also [[Balanced budget|balanced]] the [[budget]] in the late 1990s.

An icon of the American conservative movement, Reagan is credited by his supporters with transforming American politics, galvanizing the Republican Party, uniting a coalition of economic conservatives who supported his supply-side economic policies, known as "[[Reaganomics]]," foreign policy conservatives who favored his success in stopping and rolling back Communism, and social conservatives who identified with Reagan's conservative religious and social ideals.

=== Barack Obama and American Conservatism backlash ===
In October 2009, Niles Gardiner reported in the [[Britain|British]] newspaper ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'':
{{cquote|This week’s striking [[Gallup]] poll on political ideology is further confirmation that the United States is in essence a conservative nation, which has ironically become even more conservative under [[Barack Obama]]. According to Gallup, 40 percent of Americans describe their political views as conservative, 36 percent as moderate and 20 percent as liberal. This is the first time conservatives have outnumbered moderates in America since 2004.<ref>http://blogs.telegraph.co.uk/news/nilegardiner/100014891/barack-obama-has-failed-to-defeat-conservatism-in-america/</ref>}}

"Forty percent of Americans now self-identify as conservatives — double the amount of self-professed liberals — largely because independents are beginning to take sides."<ref>http://www.ashbrook.org/publicat/onprin/winter11/spalding.html</ref>

Conservatives strongly criticized Obama for his far-left and negative policies and the negative impact of those policies.<ref>Scaliger, Charles (February 23, 2017). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/25433-barack-obama-s-legacy Barack Obama's Legacy]. ''The New American''. Retrieved June 20, 2018.</ref><ref>Adelmann, Bob (January 20, 2017). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/25183-is-obama-worst-u-s-president Is Obama Worst U.S. President?] ''The New American''. Retrieved June 20, 2018.</ref><ref>Vargas, Mark (September 16, 2018). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/the-legacy-of-barack-obama-and-its-not-a-good-one The legacy of Barack Obama (and it's not a good one)]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved September 16, 2018.</ref> [[Dinesh D'Souza]] wrote, "Obama's legacy is to double the national debt & dramatically reduce US influence in the world."<ref>https://twitter.com/dineshdsouza/status/760447860638789632</ref> During Obama's 8 years in office, Democrats lost over 1,000 seats in the federal and state governments.<ref>[https://www.foxnews.com/politics/2016/12/27/democrats-lost-over-1000-seats-under-obama.html?refresh=true Democrats lost over 1,000 seats under Obama]. ''Fox News''. December 27, 2016. Retrieved December 27, 2016.</ref>

Compare [[Progressive liberalism]].

===Donald Trump===
{{See also|Donald Trump achievements}}
Despite heavy opposition from the political [[establishment]], businessman [[Donald Trump]] defeated sixteen other candidates in the Republican primaries and defeated the heavy favorite in the general election, Hillary Clinton. As president, Trump enacted strongly conservative policies in issues such as deregulation, trade, immigration, religious freedom, abortion, and judges.

==Conservatism outside the United States==
===Conservatives in continental Europe===
Conservatism in Europe is generally synonymous with [[Euroskepticism]] and [[right-wing populism]] – ideologies that support local control, [[self-governance]], [[patriotism]] and national identity, [[sovereignty]], less immigration, and a more limited government as opposed to an endless EU bureaucracy. While mainstream [[establishment]] parties in Europe are also occasionally labeled "conservative" by the media, they share many of the same policies as globalism and liberalism.

Conservative parties in Europe include the [[Swiss People's Party]], [[Law and Justice]], [[Fidesz]], [[Lega Nord]], the [[Austrian Freedom Party]], [[Sweden Democrats]], [[Finns Party]], [[Conservative People's Party of Estonia]], [[Vox (Spain)|Vox]], and the [[Alternative for Germany]], among other parties. Prominent continental European conservatives include [[Viktor Orbán]], [[Václav Klaus]], [[Matteo Salvini]], [[Santiago Abascal]], [[Christoph Blocher]], [[Jarosław Kaczyński]], [[Santiago Abascal]], and [[Norbert Hofer]].

Right-wing populism in Europe has grown since the [[Eurozone Crisis]] and [[European migrant crisis]].

===Conservatives in Britain===

Conservatism has a strong tradition in the [[United Kingdom]], with figures such as [[John Locke]] and [[Edmund Burke]] laying its philosophical foundation. Most British conservatives belong to the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] – a [[big tent]] party that includes both consistent conservatives and liberal [[globalists]] – as well as the [[United Kingdom Independence Party]], [[Brexit Party]], and the [[Democratic Unionist Party]]. Some notable British conservatives include [[Winston Churchill]], [[Enoch Powell]], [[Margaret Thatcher]], [[Ian Paisley]], [[Nigel Farage]], [[Raheem Kassam]], and [[Jacob Rees-Mogg]].

Up until the mid-19th century, the forerunner of the Conservative Party were known as [[Tory|Tories]], and the name has persisted as a common nickname both for the political party and those believed to be in agreement with it. Since the mid-to-late 1970s, British conservatives have been defined by an advocacy of [[laissez-faire]] economics, privatization and lower taxation. In recent years the Conservative Party has moved away from the social conservatism which once characterized it, and the current party policy includes, for example, support for [[abortion]] on demand, gay [[civil partnership]], the [[Kyoto Treaty]] and to oppose [[capital punishment]] (although it should be noted that such policies have little support among the party's grassroots membership).<ref>John Charmley, ''A History of Conservative Politics Since 1830'', (2nd ed. 2008)</ref> In common with conservatives in many other countries, British Conservatives tend towards a patriotic rather than internationalist outlook, and are traditionally skeptical of the [[European Union]].

[[Margaret Thatcher]] revitalized the British conservatives much like Reagan revitalized American conservatives. During her tenure as Prime Minister, she cut taxes, trimmed back at government waste, and exercised a strong national defense abroad (including the [[Falklands War]] of 1982).

Levels of prayer and worship are much lower in [[England]] and [[Wales]] than in the U.S., and religious issues thereby play less of a role in public discourse. However, religious issues remain a significant factor in [[Northern Ireland]] and in 2008 religious issues were significant during a special election in [[Scotland]].

The broadcast media (dominated by the [[BBC]]) is almost exclusively [[liberal]] in tone. The print media is slightly different with conservative-leaning newspapers like the ''[[Daily Mail]]'', ''[[Daily Express]]'' and ''[[Daily Telegraph]]'' selling more copies than their rivals.<ref>[http://www.mediauk.com/the_knowledge/i.muk/An_introduction_to_newspapers_in_the_UK Media UK; Introduction to newspapers in the UK]</ref> However, even the print media generally leans liberal.

===Conservatives in Canada===
Many Canadian conservatives align with the [[Conservative Party of Canada]], though the party does not strongly adhere to conservative values. The [[Christian Heritage Party]] is an example of a smaller but more consistent conservative Canadian party.

===Conservatives in Australia===

Australia was once more conservative than England but sweeping [[gun control]] laws pushed the nation leftward toward greater dependency on government in the last decade. In 2009, opposition to government control based on alleged [[global warming]] galvanized conservatives there and they led the [[Liberal Party of Australia]] to a repudiation of an emissions trading scheme.<ref>http://www.smh.com.au/national/shock-result-as-abbott-wins-liberal-leadership-by-one-vote--ets-dead-20091201-k1uz.html</ref> Conservatives also support smaller political parties such as the [[Family First Party]].

=== Conservatives in Latin America ===
In the early 21st century, [[Latin America]] has been shifting to the right,<ref>Multiple references:
* https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/18/world/americas/chile-election-latin-america-politics.html
*Martel, Frances (December 25, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2017/12/25/5-major-conservative-victories-latin-america-2017/ 5 Major Conservative Victories in Latin America in 2017]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
*Pearson, Samantha (April 8, 2018). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/brazil-turns-rightward-heralding-new-chapter-for-latin-america-1523216901 Brazil Turns Rightward, Heralding New Chapter for Latin America]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
*Pearson, Samantha; Magalhaes, Luciana (October 28, 2018). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/brazilians-head-to-polls-in-divisive-presidential-election-1540724400 Conservative’s Win Signals Sharp Rightward Turn in Brazil]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
*Kew, Ben (December 25, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/national-security/2018/12/25/crash-of-the-pink-tide-latin-america-continues-shift-rightwards-in-2018/ Crash of the Pink Tide: Latin America Continues Shift Rightwards in 2018]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
*Forero, Juan; Luhnow, David (December 19, 2019). [https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-leftist-pink-tide-in-latin-america-is-receding-11576772757 The Leftist ‘Pink Tide’ in Latin America Is Receding ]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
See also:
*Martel, Frances (December 22, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/latin-america/2018/12/22/brazils-conservatives-turn-ambitions-towards-global-anti-socialist-alliance/ Brazil’s Conservatives Turn Ambitions Towards Global Anti-Socialist Alliance]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved January 1, 2019.</ref> and conservative [[evangelical Christians]] have been growing in political influence.<ref>Puglie, Frederic (February 19, 2018). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/feb/19/latin-american-voters-turn-evangelicals-social-con/ Evangelicals' newfound political clout in Latin America unnerves politicians, Catholic Church]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref><ref>Polimédio, Chayenne (January 24, 2018). [https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/01/the-evangelical-takeover-of-brazilian-politics/551423/ The Rise of the Brazilian Evangelicals]. ''The Atlantic''. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref>

Some notable Latin American conservatives include [[Jair Bolsonaro]] (Brazil), [[Eduardo Bolsonaro]] (Brazil), [[Ernesto Araújo]] (Brazil), [[Agustín Laje]] (Argentina), [[Nicolás Márquez]] (Argentina), [[José Antonio Kast]] (Chile), [[Jimmy Morales]] (Guatemala), [[Fabricio Alvarado]] (Costa Rica),<ref>Cullinan Hoffman, Matthew (February 5, 2018). [https://www.lifesitenews.com/news/christian-minister-dominates-costa-rican-presidential-election-polls-after Christian minister takes lead in Costa Rican presidential election after vowing to stop gay agenda]. ''LifeSiteNews''. Retrieved October 28, 2018.</ref> [[Alberto Fujimori]] (Peru), [[Alvaro Uribe]] (Colombia) and [[Mario Abdo Benítez]] (Paraguay).

=== Conservatism and the French Revolution ===

Conservatism in France and the European continent generally arose in the after 1790 as a response to the radicalism of the [[French Revolution]].

== Benefits of Conservatism ==

Several facets of conservatism function in unison to make it an effective and powerful philosophy. Conservatism emphasizes personal freedom, independence, and initiative; this allows the [[best of the public]] to rise to their natural level of achievement. Conservatives recognize that [[big government]] fosters dependency and stifles individual achievement—and thus, weakens society as a whole.

At the same time, conservatives also recognize that with individual freedom comes [[individual responsibility]]. In the absence of a hand-holding [[nanny state]], it is imperative that each individual take responsibility for his own actions, and exercise his rights and freedoms wisely and with discretion. Thus, [[social conservatism]] is also critical to a successful society, as it emphasizes the importance of [[morality]], duty, and responsibility to one's self and fellow men.

=== American conservatives and happiness ===

''See also:'' [[American liberalism and 21st century political losses]] and [[Secular leftists and psychogenic illness]]

''Time'' magazine reported: "In the "who's happier?" race, a whole body of research shows conservatives report being happier. [http://www.sciencemag.org/content/347/6227/1243 Four new studies] published in ''Science'' hint at a possible reason why.<ref>[http://time.com/3744433/liberals-conservatives-happiness/ Liberals are More Honest Than Conservatives When They Smile], Time Magazine, 2015</ref>

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| style="text-align: center; padding: 10px 40px 10px 40px;" | [[Previous Breaking News/Conservatives|Previous Breaking News: Conservatives]]
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== See also ==
*[[Modern conservatism]]
*[[Conservative resources]]
*[[Previous Breaking News/Conservatives|Articles about '''Conservatives''' from previous "Breaking News"]]
*[[More News/Conservatives|Articles about '''Conservatives''' from "More News"]]
*[[Conservative Links]]
*[[Essay:Fair and balanced is not part of the Conservative platform]]
*[[Conservative politicians]]
*[[Liberal]]
*[[Larry McDonald]]

==Further reading==
* Critchlow, Donald T. ''The Conservative Ascendancy: How the GOP Right Made Political History'' (2007)
* Filler, Louis. ''Dictionary of American Conservatism The First Complete Guide to Issues, People, Organizations and Events'' (1987), useful older encyclopedia
* Frank, Thomas. ''What's the Matter with Kansas?: How Conservatives Won the Heart of America'' (2005), a liberal perspective [https://www.amazon.com/Whats-Matter-Kansas-Conservatives-America/dp/080507774X/ref=sr_1_1/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1193685789&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Frohnen, Bruce et al. eds. ''American Conservatism: An Encyclopedia'' (2006), the most detailed reference
* Judis, John B. ''William F. Buckley, Jr.: Patron Saint of the Conservatives'' (1988) [https://www.amazon.com/William-F-Buckley-Jr-Conservatives/dp/0743217977/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1207759425&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Kirk, Russell. ''The Conservative Mind''. (7th ed. 2001). highly influential conservative history of ideas [http://www.historyebook.org/ online at ACLS e-books]
* Link, William A. ''Righteous warrior: Jesse Helms and the rise of modern conservatism'' (2008) 643 pages
* Micklethwait, John, and Adrian Wooldridge. ''The Right Nation,'' (2004) influential survey [https://www.amazon.com/Right-Nation-Conservative-Power-America/dp/B000F71124/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1205919226&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Micklethwait, John, and Adrian Wooldridge. ''God Is Back: How the Global Revival of Faith Is Changing the World'' (2009)
* Nash, George. ''The Conservative Intellectual Movement in America Since 1945'' (2006), excellent scholarly history. [https://www.amazon.com/Conservative-Intellectual-Movement-America-Since/dp/1933859121/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1241925238&sr=1-2 excerpt and text search]
*Pemberton, William E. ''Exit with Honor: The Life and Presidency of Ronald Reagan'' (1998) [http://www.questia.com/library/book/exit-with-honor-the-life-and-presidency-of-ronald-reagan-by-william-e-pemberton.jsp online edition]
*Perlstein, Rick. ''Before the Storm: Barry Goldwater and the Unmaking of the American Consensus'' (2004) on 1964 [https://www.amazon.com/Before-Storm-Goldwater-Unmaking-Consensus/dp/0809028581/ref=sr_1_1/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1193684721&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
*Perlstein, Rick. ''Nixonland: The Rise of a President and the Fracturing of America'' (2008) [https://www.amazon.com/Nixonland-Rise-President-Fracturing-America/dp/074324303X/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1241924189&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Schneider, Gregory L. ed. ''Conservatism in America Since 1930: A Reader'' (2003)
*Schoenwald; Jonathan. ''A Time for Choosing: The Rise of Modern American Conservatism'' (2002) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=104931191 online edition] also [http://www.historyebook.org/ online at ACLS e-books]
* Schweizer, Peter, and Wynton C. Hall, eds. ''Landmark Speeches of the American Conservative Movement'' (2007) [https://www.amazon.com/Landmark-Speeches-American-Conservative-Movement/dp/1585445983/ref=sr_1_4/103-4827826-5463040?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1193685365&sr=1-4 excerpt and text search]

== References ==
{{Reflist|colwidth=35em}}

==External links==
*[http://www.aim.org/wls/category/conservatives/ What Liberals Say - Category: Conservatives], [[Accuracy In Media]]
*[https://www.youtube.com/user/rescueKAL007#p/a/FD3DE4F0642C350C/0/1c8v-kgLvhM Pat Buchanan's "Crossfire" interview with [[Larry McDonald]] 3 months before downing of [[KAL 007]], Ron Paul intro]
*[http://www.conservativedirectory.com Directory of Conservative Websites - Category: Conservatives], [[Politics]]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lnYUbkVWglc Coming Out in 2019], Neel Kolhatkar, Jan 22, 2019.

{{Conservatism}}
{{communism}}
[[Category:Conservative]]
[[Category:American History]]
[[Category:Reagan Era]]
[[Category:1960s]]

Famous American writers

2021-06-16T18:12:00Z

Hfhff:

A list of '''famous American writers''', many of whom were more [[conservative]] than students learn:
[[File:Ralph Waldo Emerson.jpg|thumb|Ralph Waldo Emerson]]
[[Image:6357ytfhg.jpg|thumb|F. Scott Fitzgerald]]

{| class="wikitable"
|
* [[F. Scott Fitzgerald]]
* [[Herman Melville]]
* [[Ambrose Bierce]]
* [[Tom Wolfe]]
* [[Henry David Thoreau]]
* [[Edgar Allan Poe]]
* [[Jack London]]
* [[Henry James]]
* [[Eugene O'Neill]]
* [[Ezra Pound]]
* [[Henry Miller]]
* [[Arthur Miller]]
* [[Bayard Taylor]]
* [http://bukowski.net/ Charles Bukowski]
* [http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/2546.Chuck_Palahniuk Chuck Palahniuk]
* [[Dale Carnegie]]
* [[David Foster Wallace]]
* [[Edith Wharton]]
* [[Emily Dickinson]]
* [[Ernest Hemingway]]
* [[Gertrude Stein]]
* [[Harper Lee]]
* [[Harriet Beecher Stowe]]
* [http://xroads.virginia.edu/~ug02/cooper/cooperbiography.html James Fenimore Cooper]
* [[James Russell Lowell]]
* [[J.D. Salinger]]
* [[John Updike]]
* [[John Dos Passos]]
* [[John Steinbeck]]
|
* [[Thomas Paine]]
* [[Allen Drury]]
* [[Mark Twain]]
* [[Margaret Mitchell]]
* [[Joseph Heller]]
* [[T.S. Eliot]]
* [[Kurt Vonnegut]]
* [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]]
* [[Ray Bradbury]]
* [[Robert Frost]]
* [[Walt Whitman]]
* [[Washington Irving]]
* [[William Faulkner]]
* [[Sinclair Lewis]]
* [[Isaac Asimov]]
* [[Stephen King]]
* [http://www.goodreads.com/author/show/3242.L_Frank_Baum Lyman Frank Baum]
* [[Louisa May Alcott]]
* [[Nathaniel Hawthorne]]
* [[Norman Mailer]]
* [http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/302 Paul Laurence Dunbar]
* [[Pearl Buck]]
* [[Philip Roth]]
* [[Tennessee Williams]]
* [[Thornton Wilder]]
* [[Toni Morrison]]
* [[Truman Capote]]
* [http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/124 Wallace Stevens]
* [[William S. Burroughs]]
|}
{{Clear}}
 
[[File:Pearl Buck Birthplace.jpg|thumb|280px|The Pearl Buck Birthplace.]]
[[File:Thoreau1838.gif|left|Henry David Thoreau]]
Henry David Thoreau.
[[File:Paul Laurence Dunbar 1890.jpg|thumb|Paul Laurence Dunbar.]]
:::::::: [[File:William Faulkner.jpg|thumb|center|William Faulkner, 1954.]]
{{Clear}}

== See also ==
*[[Famous American Painters]]
*[[Famous American Architects]]
*[[Famous American artists]]
*[[Hall of Fame for Great Americans]]
*[[Gallery of American Heroes]]

== External links ==
*[http://shareranks.com/533,Greatest-American-Writers Greatest American Writers.]
*[http://www.goodreads.com/list/show/2413.100_Best_American_Authors 100 Best American Authors.]

[[Category:American Authors]]
[[Category:American People]]
[[Category:American Literature]]
{{communism}}

Chess

2021-06-16T18:11:40Z

Hfhff:

[[Image:Staunton chess set.jpg|right|thumb|300px|A typical chess set and tournament clock.]]

'''Chess''' is an intellectually challenging, [[conservative]] [[board game|game]] of [[chivalry]] between two players. Based purely on skill and merit without any element of chance, chess has long been one of the most popular games in the world, and today chess is played by upwards of 800 million people worldwide. Chess sharpens the mind, improves decision-making skills, helps overcome [[addiction]] and procrastination, drives out [[anxiety]], and builds character. Promoters of chess include [[Benjamin Franklin]],<ref>https://phillybowtietours.wordpress.com/2017/02/08/benjamin-franklin-and-chess/</ref> [[Thomas Jefferson]], [[Humphrey Bogart]] and Stanley Kubrick.<ref>https://www.nybooks.com/daily/2010/04/05/playing-chess-with-kubrick/</ref>

Chess can be helpful in overcoming addictions exploiting images, patterns, or numbers, including [[pornography]], [[gambling]], [[video games]], [[Unplug the NFL|televised football]], and the [[stock market]]. Chess fills the mind with a healthy activity while reinforcing the devastating consequences ("checkmate") of bad decisions.<ref>https://chessimprover.com/chess-and-addiction/</ref> Temerity is punished in chess, as is timorousness.

Many women play and benefit from chess, charmingly elevating it as an art form in popular streaming commentaries on such as twitch.tv/chess.<ref>https://www.twitch.tv/chess</ref> While virtually all the top tournament chess players are male, and only about 1% of the 1500 grandmasters are female, many of the top chess streaming shows are hosted by women.

Chess emphasizes individualistic pieces, in contrast to more collectivist strategy game called "go". Chess is more hierarchical, more militaristic, and more clear-cut when someone wins. "Go", which is ancient Chinese incrementalist-type of board game, has far fewer decisive moves than in chess. "Go" tournaments feature almost entirely Asian players, while the top chess players are typically from the West or from [[India]].

Chess is nearly unique among games in having no element of chance and requiring a high degree of foresight and anticipation of an adversary's strategy. In competitive chess, a timer is used such that quick processing of information is advantageous, particularly at high skill levels.

One of the greatest chess players ever, [[Paul Morphy]] of [[New Orleans]], played in the mid-1800s and refused to wager on his games even though [[gambling]] on chess was common then, and even though he often won stunning victories unexpected at his young age.

Modern international chess has a powerful, sweeping [[queen]] who was not a piece provided in the original game. The long reach of bishops today was also lacking at first. Maneuvers such as castling or capturing ''en passant'' have been developed within the past few hundred years.

Today, chess is one of the most popular board games in the world. International competitions, including world [[champion]]ship events, are organized by an organization called FIDE and American competition organized by the USCF (United States Chess Federation). The only American world champion was [[Bobby Fischer]], although [[Paul Morphy]] of [[Louisiana]] was likely the strongest player in the world in the 1850s, before a formal world champion was determined. The current World Chess Champion is [[Norway|Norwegian]] [[Magnus Carlsen]]. Prior to that, the world champion was [[India]]n Viswanathan "Vishy" Anand.

Chess presents interesting intellectual challenges. It is said that {{Cquote|Chess has an advantage over most school subjects: it combines both [[theory and practice]]. Ideas are honed and tested in the crucible of competitive play. Poor formulation or poor execution of ideas loses games. Careless, faulty thinking is ruthlessly refuted on the chessboard.<ref>[http://users.eniinternet.com/bradleym/NoAlt.html]</ref>}}
Some countries, particularly nations like [[Uzbekistan]] from the former [[Soviet Union]], promote chess as a fundamental aspect of learning and mental development.

== Online Chess==
*[https://www.chess.com/play/computer Play a computer with easy-to-set levels of skill, which is helpful for achieving measurable improvement]
*[https://www.chess24.com Chess24 enables playing opponents online from around the world]

==Origins==
[[File:Alma Tadema Egyptian Chess Players 1865.jpg|thumb|[[Sir Lawrence Alma Tadema]], Egyptian Chess Players, 1865.]]
Modern chess is based on the [[Holy Roman Empire]], originating in the A.D. 1300s with bishops and knights as pieces and advanced moves like castling and pawn conversion available today. Perhaps to deny its [[Christian]]-affiliated roots, chess is attributed by some to [[India]], where a game called Shaturanga was played. The earliest extant description of the game is contained in the [[Bhavishya Purana]], which dates from A.D. 300 to A.D. 600. Shaturanga used [[dice]], but [[Hinduism]] bans gambling. As a result, a game of chess developed free from any dice or chance. The exact rules of Shaturanga are not known, but the game developed further in Persia into something similar to its modern form. The Persian game Shatranj - which remains popular in the middle east today - is nearly identical to modern chess. By A.D. 1200 the game reached southern Europe, and in the late fifteenth century the Europeans adopted a number of changes: the queen, which had formerly been a very weak piece, became the strongest piece on the board, and allowing pawns to move two squares on the first move became standard. These changes had the effect of speeding up play, and they brought the game into the form we know today.

In the 1500s [[castling]] was introduced into the game, which made attacks on the king far more difficult. Some [[grandmaster]]s lament that change.

There has been some speculation that chess has roots in [[China]]. It's clear that chess is in some way related to XiangQi (Chinese Chess) and Shogi (Japanese Chess which is played on a 9x9 rather than 8x8 board), but scholars disagree about whether either of these variants predates Shaturanga.

==The Board==
The chess board is a square, divided into 64 smaller squares arranged in eight rows of eight. The squares are alternating light and dark, with a light square in the bottom right hand corner.

The horizontal rows of squares are referred to as "ranks" and the vertical rows are referred to as "files". The goal of the game is to place the opposing king into ''checkmate'', that is, a position in which the king is under attack but cannot escape.

==Pieces==
[[Image:StauntonPieces.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Staunton Style chess pieces. From left to right: King, Queen, Bishop, Knight, Rook, and Pawn.]]
Each player has a total of 16 pieces; 8 pawns, 2 knights, 2 bishops, 2 rooks, 1 queen, and 1 king. 

===Relative Value of Pieces===
There are several different ideas about the relative value of the pieces. It is important to note that the "points" used to assign a value to each piece are hypothetical and do not constitute a score; they are merely an attempt to quantify the relative power that each piece can hypothetically exert upon the board.

The method most often used is:
*[[Image:chesspawn.jpg|20px]] Pawn—1
*[[Image:chessknight.jpg|20px]] Knight—3 (some say 2.5, as Knights are generally regarded as slightly inferior to Bishops in many middlegame and endgame situations)
*[[Image:chessbishop.jpg|20px]] Bishop—3
*[[Image:chessrook.jpg|20px]] Rook—5
*[[Image:chessqueen.jpg|20px]] Queen—9
*[[Image:chessking.jpg|20px]] King—Priceless, since its loss means the loss of the game. However, as an active piece in the endgame it is usually considered to have a value of 3.
 (The value to the player of some pieces will actually vary during the course of the game, for instance, in an endgame, the King has an attacking power of about 3)

===Style===
The most popular style of pieces are known as Staunton style pieces, the tournament standard for chess pieces, although other types exist. Often, popular themed chess sets will appear with characters from [[popular culture]] or [[fiction]] taking the places of the more common Staunton style pieces. These novelty pieces are not tournament sanctioned however, and can sometimes cause confusion during game play as to which piece is which.

Although chess pieces can come in a variety of materials, [[marble]] and [[glass]] tend to be very popular, but for most chess tournaments, simple [[plastic]] pieces are usually favored. Also, while many home chess sets use heavy boards made out of [[wood]] or [[stone]] or some [[polymer]] material, tournament boards are actually roll-able mats with the board printed on it.

==Gameplay ==

The object of the game is to checkmate the other player's '''King''' before he checkmates your king. When a pawn reaches the far side of the board, it may be promoted to any other piece (except a King).

*The player with the White pieces always moves first.
*The players alternate moving until the game has ended.

===Initial Conditions===
The pieces are put on the board in each player's side as follows:
*In the first row from left to right (with the leftmost square being black): '''rook''', '''knight''', '''bishop''', '''queen''', '''king''', '''bishop''', '''knight''' and '''rook'''.
*The second row is filled with '''pawns'''.

===Movement===
The pieces move as follows.
*The '''pawn''' moves one square forward, except when moving from its opening position, when it can optionally move two. The pawn is the only piece that captures in a way different from the way it moves. It captures opposing pieces by capturing one square diagonally forward. When another piece is on the square directly in front of a pawn it cannot move unless it is making a capture.
*The '''knight''', which is the only piece that can jump over other pieces, moves one square in one straight direction and two in the other (essentially, in an "L" shape).
*The '''bishop''' can move as many squares as desired diagonally.
*The '''rook''' can move as many squares as desired in a straight direction.
*The '''queen''' is the most powerful piece in the board. It can move as many squares as desired (without jumping over another piece), either straight or diagonally.
*The '''king''', which is the most important piece on the board, moves one square, either straight or diagonally.

====Capturing====

All pieces except for the pawn capture along their lines of motion. A capture is made by moving a piece to a square occupied by one of the opponent's pieces, and removing the opponent's piece from the board. If a piece can move to occupy the location of an opponent's piece, it can capture that piece. The '''pawn''', can only capture by moving diagonally forward one square. A piece is said to be undefended if it has no piece "supporting" its position - i.e., preventing an opponent from capturing it by threat of losing his attacking piece.

====Special Moves====
*'''Castling'''- When a player has no pieces between a rook and his king, and he has not moved either piece, he can move the king two squares in the direction of the rook, and then place the rook on the square that the king passed over. A player cannot castle if the King is currently in check, would be in check after castling, or would move through a square which is under attack.
*'''en passant'''- French for "In passing." In chess, if a player pushes his pawn far down to the end of the board, and his opponent pushes a starting pawn 2 spaces ahead, to put the pawn on the same row to avoid confrontation, the player may choose to invoke the "en passant" move, which treats the enemy pawn as though it had only moved one space. The player may capture diagonally on the square '''behind''' the enemy pawn, and remove the enemy pawn. The principle is that the two space rule for a pawn's first move cannot be used to avoid confrontation between two pawns. However, the player may only invoke "en passant" on the first turn after the opponent pushes his pawn. He cannot make it after that turn.

===The end of the game===
A chess game may end in a number of ways.
*'''Checkmate''': The winning player checkmates his opponent's King (see below).
*'''Resignation''': The losing player, facing an inevitable future checkmate, ''resigns'' rather than play out an extended series of hopeless moves. A player may indicate resignation by toppling his king on its side.
*'''Loss on Time''': In games with a time limit, a player may lose by failing to make a time control, causing his clock to run out.
*'''Draw''': The game may end in a draw, in which case neither player wins.

====Checkmate====
Checkmate is achieved when the following conditions are met.
* The King is ''in check''; that is, it is directly attacked by an opponent's piece.
* Every square that the King can move to is also attacked by an opponent's piece.
* The Piece that is attacking the King cannot be captured.
* Another Piece cannot be interposed between the attacking piece and the King to block the check.
When a King is checkmated, the game is over, and the player initiating the checkmate is the winner.

====Draw====
There are several ways that the game can end in a draw.
*'''Stalemate''': A player is said to be ''stalemated'' when he cannot make a legal move, and is not in check.
*'''Draw by agreement''': The players mutually agree to a draw. In competitive chess, a player may make a draw offer after he has made his move, but before he has started his opponent's clock.
*'''Draw by repetition''': Either player may claim a draw if the same position has appeared on the board three times. The three occasions need not be consecutive.
*'''50 move rule''': Either player may claim a draw if fifty moves have transpired without a capture or a pawn move.

==Notation==
Chess notation is used to record the moves of a chess game. This has several uses. Notation can be used to record games for review at a later time. There are two major methods of chess notation, Algebraic and Descriptive.

====For all forms of Notation====
The notation for a chess game is taken like this. At the top of the page are the players — white listed first — with their names under their colors. Numbers go down the left side of the page to indicate the move number. (see below) 
White, Black 
Name Name
1. 
2. 
3. 
4. 
5. 

Moves are recorded in columns, separated by commas.

Space is usually allotted on the top of tournament scoresheets to record the date and location of the game, and sometimes to record the time limit and opening name.

=====Pieces=====
Each piece is designated by its corresponding letter as follows: 
K = King 
Q = Queen 
R = Rook 
B = Bishop 
N = Knight (notice 'K' is reserved for the King) 
P = Pawn

(In strict chess parlance, the pawns are not considered pieces; officially, a standard chess set consists of sixteen pieces ''and'' sixteen pawns.)

=====Moves=====
- Moves to
x Captures
+ Check
++ Checkmate
0-0 Castles king-side
0-0-0 Castles queen-side
e.p. en passant
/ to indicate which square a piece moved from (only when needed to clarify)
/Q Pawn promotion. (use /Q for queen, /R for rook, etc.)
! A good move
!! A very good move
!? An interesting move
?! A dubious move
? A questionable move
?? A blunder

===Algebraic===
Algebraic is the most commonly used method of notation. [[Image:Chessboardanote1.jpg|right]]

====The Board====
In algebraic notation, each file is assigned a letter, and each rank is assigned a number. Each square is designated by the letter and number from its rank and file. a1 is the square in the bottom left corner for the white player.

====Movement====
Moves are recorded by indicating the piece to be moved and the square it is to be moved to, sometimes using a hyphen (-). For example, if white wants to move his Kingside Knight towards the center of the board to start the game, the notation would be:
White Black
1. Nf3, ....

or

White Black
1. N-f3, ....

In algebraic notation, a P is not used to indicate the pawn. A pawn move is implied when no piece is indicated. So if white wants to advance his king pawn 2 squares, and black responds by advancing his king pawn 2 squares, the notation would be:
White Black
1. e4, e5,
2. ....

Occasionally, two pieces of the same type can move to the same square. To eliminate ambiguity, the unique rank or file of the moving piece is identified after the piece symbol. For example, suppose both of Black's Rooks are on the 8th rank (on the squares f8 and a8), and there are no pieces in between them. Black moves the f8 Rook to d8. In other circumstances, the move would be annotated
17. .... Rd8
but because either Rook could have moved to d8, the identifying file for the f8 Rook must be included, as in
17. .... Rfd8

====Captures====
Captures by a piece or pawn are indicated by first transcribing the symbol for the piece performing the capture, followed by an 'x', followed by the square the capturing piece or pawn moved to. For example, if White uses his Queen to capture a piece on the square h7 on move 23, the correct notation is
23. Qxh7, ....

Because pawns are not designated with a symbol, the system is slightly different for pawn captures. The file originally occupied by the pawn is used to identify the pawn performing the capture. If a black pawn on e5 captures a white piece or pawn on d4 on move 5, the notation is
5. ...., exd4

===Descriptive===
In the more archaic descriptive notation, squares are described according to the starting piece positions. The square originally occupied by the Rook on the Queenside is referred to as "Queen's Rook One" (QR1), while "Queen's Rook Four" is the square directly in front of the Queen's Rook on the fourth rank. Thus, a typical opening move is described as "Pawn to King Four", and is written as
1. P-K4, ....

Note that in descriptive notation, pawns have the designation 'P'. The notation's disadvantages become apparent over the course of a complex game, especially because the same square has different names depending on the perspective of the White and Black pieces. King's Bishop Three (KB3) for White is King's Bishop Six (KB6) for Black.

Captures in descriptive notation operate similar to algebraic notation; for example,

45. .... R-xQN7

means that on his 45th move, Black captured a piece or pawn on his Queen's Knight Seven square (the b2 square in algebraic notation).

Although this method of recording is seldom used, it is advisable for new players to be familiar with it because many older text books use it.

==Tactics and strategy==
Chess players often refer to shorter, forcing sequences of moves that lead to clear advantages as ''tactics'', while moves designed to create or nurture long-term advantages are called ''strategic.''

For more information on specific tactics, see [[chess tactics]]. For more information on specific strategic themes, see [[chess strategies]].
=== Chess vs. Go ===

While chess is extremely popular strategic and tactical game in the [[Western World]], [[Go (game)|go]] is more popular in the Eastern World.

David Lai wrote on the difference between chess and go:
{{cquote|The philosophy behind chess is to win decisively. For the winner, victory is absolute, as is defeat for the loser. In chess, both players have the same clear and overriding objective―capturing the opposing king―and accomplish this objective by decimating whatever opposing forces are standing in the way. In go, total victory usually happens between two mismatched players. That kind of victory, as [[Sun Tzu]] puts it, is not the pinnacle of excellence. In a go game between two well-matched players, the margin between win and lose is usually very small, often decided by only a few points. The philosophy behind go therefore is to compete for relative gain rather than seeking complete annihilation of the opponent’s forces. It is dangerous to play go with the chess mindset. One can become overly aggressive so that he will stretch his force thin and expose his vulnerable parts in the battlefields.

In chess, the focus is on the king. All the moves are geared toward checking the king. In designs to capture the king, chess players always try to eliminate the powerful pieces such as the queen, knight, castle, and bishop. Chess players typically focus on these powerful military units as the ‘center of gravity’ and ‘decisive point’ (in [[Carl von Clausewitz|Clausewitz]] and [[Antoine-Henri Jomini|Jomini]]’s terms). Naturally, chess players are single-minded. In go, it is a war with multiple campaigns and battlefields. There is no one single focus on the board. A go player must always keep the whole situation in mind. Attacking the opponent’s strategy therefore is much more appropriate in go. As a prolonged and complex game, go players focus on building or creating rather than chess players’ emphases on removal and destruction.” <ref>David Lai, “''Learning From The Stones: A Go Approach To Mastering China’s Strategic Concept, Shi'', pp. 28-29</ref>}}

Another major difference between chess and go is that in go matches there is always a winner and a loser without any draws.

==Chess Variants==
There are a number of games based on chess with rule variations, and these are referred to as ''chess variants''. One of the most popular of these is ''Bughouse'', a partner-based game in which a player who captures his opponent's piece can give it to a partner on another board to drop on a square of his choosing. Another is ''Kriegspiel'', a game in which a player can see his pieces but not that of his opponent.<ref>http://www.chessvariants.com/incinf.dir/kriegspiel.html</ref> A simpler variant is ''Antichess'', which is also called ''Suicide chess'', in which a player must make a capturing move if any legal captures exist on the board, and in which the goal is to run out of pieces first.

In 1996, [[Bobby Fischer]] introduced a variant called FischerRandom Chess, which involves scrambling the positions of the pieces on the first and eighth ranks before starting play. A number of rules govern the precise manner in which the pieces can be arranged; for example, the king must be somewhere between the two rooks, so that castling to either side is still possible, and the black and white positions must mirror one another. The rules provide for 960 possible starting positions, and for this reason the game is sometimes called Chess960. Fischer hoped his variant would encourage creative thinking and avoid the memorization associated with opening play in modern chess.

==Computer Chess==
Deep Blue, a computer developed by IBM, was the first computer engine to beat a human world champion in 1997, when it defeated [[Garry Kasparov]] in a six-game series. This series was a rematch of 1996 series which Kasparov won, although Deep Blue had been upgraded since the first series. It should be noted that during this second match, Deep Blue was also upgraded between games to avoid falling into the same type of trap more than once.

Chess engines have increased in strength in recent years to the point where humans are falling behind. In 2005, Michael Adams, one of the top fifteen players in the world, played a six-game match against the engine Hydra, and lost five games with only one draw. Chess writer Eric Schiller, who uses computer assistance in writing his books, admits that "computers have taken some of the fun out of (chess)." Despite this, chess remains far from being a [[solved game]].

== Words from Chess ==

*check (noun, origin in 1400s)
*checkmate (origin in the 1300s)
*endgame (origin in 1884)
*[[gambit]] (origin in 1656)
*jeopardy (origin in the 1300s)
*stalemate (origin in 1765)

== Rankings in Chess ==

The four basic levels of high skill in chess are, in this order of ranking:
*Grandmaster ("GM")
*International Master ("IM") as recognized by FIDE (the International Chess Federation, known by the acronym for its French name, the Federation Internationale des Echecs)
*FIDE Master ("CM")
*Candidate Master ("CM")

==External links==
*[http://www.fide.com/ FIDE] - International Chess Federation based in [[Switzerland]], which posts rankings of players in multiple categories
*[http://www.uschess.org USCF] - United States Chess Federation
*[http://www.iccf.com/ ICCF] - International Correspondence Chess Federation
*[http://www.chess-players.org/eng/index.html ACP] - Association of Chess Professionals
*[http://www.freechess.org FICS] - Free Internet Chess Server

Online chess:

*[http://www.chess.com/ Chess.com]
*[https://lichess.org/ Lichess.org]
*[https://chess24.com/ Chess24.com]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Chess]]
{{communism}}

Gun control

2021-06-16T18:11:13Z

Hfhff:

'''Gun control''' is a term used by [[liberal]]s when advocating [[unconstitutional]]<ref>The text of the Second Amendment of the U.S. Constitution: "A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed." Per [https://constitution.congress.gov/constitution/amendment-2/ constitution.congress.gov]</ref> laws designed to disarm<ref>Multiple references:
*Adelmann, Bob (September 16, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/politics/item/33419-beto-s-threat-to-confiscate-your-ar-15-your-ak-47-confirms-democrats-ultimate-goal-disarm-the-citizenry Beto’s Threat to Confiscate “Your AR-15, Your AK-47” Confirms Democrats’ Ultimate Goal: Disarm the Citizenry]. ''The New American''. Retrieved September 16, 2019.
*Duke, Selwyn (September 17, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/reviews/opinion/item/33437-shocking-beto-admits-he-wants-to-outlaw-almost-all-guns Shocking! Beto Admits He Wants to Outlaw Almost All Guns]. ''The New American''. Retrieved September 17, 2019.</ref> people by restricting the lawful purchase, ownership, or carrying of [[gun]]s, under the guise of "public safety." Studies show that increasing lawful access to guns results in less crime,<ref>''Shall issue: the new wave of concealed handgun permit laws'', Cramer C and Kopel D. Golden CO: Independence Institute Issue Paper. October 17, 1994</ref> but, despite the fact that gun ownership is a Constitutional right, [[Leftist]]s push gun control because it increases the dependency of voters on government for protection while disarming citizens from any [[self-defense]] against violent crime or [[tyranny]] such as [[genocide]]. Supporters of gun control need only to look at leftist dictatorships such as [[Venezuela]].<ref>Hawkins, Awr (April 30, 2019). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2019/04/30/msnbc-venezuela-coverage-shows-why-u-s-founders-wanted-armed-citizenry/ MSNBC Venezuela Coverage Shows Why U.S. Founders Wanted Armed Citizenry]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved May 1, 2019.</ref><ref>Byas, Steve (May 1, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/item/32167-msnbc-reporter-s-remarks-illustrate-need-for-right-to-keep-and-bear-arms MSNBC Reporter’s Remarks Illustrate Need for Right to Keep and Bear Arms]. ''The New American''. Retrieved May 1, 2019.</ref>

The political effect of gun control is to shift voters leftward, and hence gun control is pushed hard by the [[liberal media]] and [[leftist]] politicians.<ref>[http://www.gmu.edu/departments/economics/wew/quotes/repeal.html Quotes of Leftists Demanding Gun Control]</ref> In the [[United Kingdom]], which already has the strictest gun control in Europe, [[leftists]] demand control over 120,000 ''deactivated'' guns, although their activation and use constitute only 0.04% of all gun offenses there. But leftists want gun control because fewer guns means greater dependency on government.<ref>http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article3168607.ece</ref> Gun control can be considered a form of [[doublespeak]].

In a stunning blow to the gun control effort just after Independence Day 2018, the case ''Defense Distributed v. U.S. Department of State'' resulted in a settlement<ref>[https://www.dailywire.com/news/32872/doj-settles-landmark-gun-suit-safeguarding-second-amanda-prestigiacomo DOJ Settles In Landmark Gun Suit, Safeguarding The Second Amendment]</ref> and an admission on part of the [[Department of Justice]] that stated:
<blockquote>"Non-automatic firearms up to .50-caliber – including modern semi-auto sporting rifles such as the popular [[AR-15]] and similar firearms – are not inherently military."<ref>[http://joshblackman.com/blog/2018/07/10/doj-second-amendment-foundation-reach-settlement-in-defense-distributed-lawsuit/ DOJ, Second Amendment Foundation Reach Settlement In Defense Distributed Lawsuit]</ref></blockquote>
In many other countries, gun ownership is not a constitutional right as in the U.S., so gun control may be more [[oppression|oppresssive]].

==Background==
Gun control is a denial or limitation by [[government]]s of the right to armed [[self-defense]]. "In contrast to most other weaponry, firearms are preeminently defensive in effect."<ref name=polsby>{{cite news|url=http://www.constitution.org/2ll/2ndschol/76holo.htm |work=Washington University Law Quarterly|title=OF HOLOCAUSTS AND GUN CONTROL|quote=This essay seeks to reclaim a serious argument from the lunatic fringe. |first=Daniel|last=Polsby|date=Fall 1997|accessdate=July 14, 2016}}</ref> as promised by the [[Second Amendment]] of the Constitution of the [[United States of America]]. Genocide has occurred only after gun control first disarmed the citizenry.<ref name=polsby/>

Proponents use the discredited – but superficially appealing – claim that fewer lawfully-owned guns lead to less crime, although guns are primarily defensive weapons<ref>People who support gun control claim that gun control laws significantly reduce violent crime. [http://home.sprynet.com/~owl1/irrationality.htm Why People Are Irrational about Politics]</ref><ref>Gun control primarily restricts the lawful acquisition and use of guns. Over 99% of the guns restricted by most gun control regulation are used in a lawful manner.</ref> (see [[Concealed carry]]).

Gun control laws cause enormous hardships. In May 2012, a gun control law resulted in a 20-year prison sentence against an [[African American]] woman for merely firing warning shots against her husband, and there was widespread outrage in [[Florida]] against this unconscionable sentence.<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2012/05/11/justice/florida-stand-ground-sentencing/index.html?hpt=hp_t3</ref>

On the federal level of the United States, the three primary [[federal]] gun control laws are:
* [[National Firearms Act]] (1934)
* [[Gun Control Act]] (1968)
* [[Brady Bill]] (1993)

These laws have further been amended by other laws such as the Firearms Owners Protection Act (1986) and the Omnibus Crime Bill (1994).
Seeking a loophole in the federal gun laws, in 2009 Montana passed a law "making guns that are made and kept within state boundaries exempt from federal regulations" including "background checks, licensing and registration."<ref>http://www.ksl.com/?nid=148&sid=6367553</ref> However, the US Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit held that all gun sales affect interstate commerce to the point that federal regulation attaches to guns even if the gun owners and manufacturer promise to keep that make of gun within a single state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2013/08/23/10-36094.pdf|title=''MSSA v. Holder''|work=Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals|date=August 23, 2013|format=PDF|accessdate=April 22, 2016}}</ref>

Most gun control laws are found on the state level, particularly in liberal-leaning states.<ref>Byas, Steve (September 12, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/item/33399-second-amendment-under-assault-in-the-states Second Amendment Under Assault in the States]. ''The New American''. Retrieved September 12, 2019.</ref>

==Weapon forfeiture==
One of the main stated goals of gun control is to prevent criminals from using weapons to commit crimes. So, in addition to laws regulating the sale and possession of weapons, some laws specify forfeiture if a weapon was used during the course of committing a crime. For example, [http://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title19.2/chapter22.2/section19.2-386.29/ Virginia Code § 19.2-386.29] provides:
<blockquote>All pistols, shotguns, rifles, dirks, bowie knives, switchblade knives, ballistic knives, razors, slingshots, brass or metal knucks, blackjacks, stun weapons, and other weapons used by any person in the commission of a criminal offense, shall, upon conviction of such person, be forfeited to the Commonwealth by order of the court trying the case.</blockquote>
There are also federal laws specifying the forfeiture of weapons used during a crime.<ref>E.g.,16 U.S. Code § 128</ref>

So, to the extent that opponents of gun control laws claim that the government is trying to "take away" guns, such provisions are the focus of their concerns.

== The fallacy and motivation for gun control ==
[[File:No Weapons Allowed.gif|right]]
Gun control potentially causes an increase in crime by restricting its main deterrent: [[self-defense]]. A study by Professor Gary Kleck, initially a liberal critic of gun control, caused him to change his mind on this issue when the evidence showed that crime was predominantly ''prevented'' when people could carry guns. ''See Point Blank: Guns and Violence in America''.<ref>http://www.largo.org/effects.html</ref> In the United States, law-abiding uses of guns outnumber criminal uses by about a factor of 1000 to 1,<ref>http://www.americanselfdefense.com/gunfacts3.0.pdf (p. 60)</ref> and the removal of guns from everyone eliminates the lawful use of self-defense and its deterrent effect. "[[Americans]] use firearms to defend themselves from criminals at least 764,000 times a year."<ref name="Gallup_LAT">"This figure is the lowest among a group of 9 nationwide surveys done by organizations including Gallup and the Los Angeles Times." (Just Facts - [http://www.justfacts.com/guncontrol.asp Gun Control])</ref> Specific examples of guns being used successfully in [[self-defense]] are easy to find.<ref>Two 70-ish store owners stopped armed robberies of their stores by shooting at the bandits. "The person came in and pointed the gun at him and my father shot him. I'm proud of him." [http://www.buffalonews.com/cityregion/buffaloerie/story/253849.html Buffalo News]</ref><ref>[http://sittingduckpolicy.com/ Sitting Duck Policy: True Stories of Self-Defense]</ref> "In 1982, a survey of imprisoned criminals found that 34% of them had been "scared off, shot at, wounded or captured by an armed victim."<ref name="Gallup_LAT"/> When Florida began allowing its citizens to carry a concealed weapon, [[Florida]]'s firearm homicide rate fell by 37% while the national average ''increased'' by 15%.<ref name="Gallup_LAT"/> As explained below, the political effect of gun control is to cause voters to become more dependent emotionally on government and more supportive of bigger government.

Actual gun-related crime deaths in the United States are far out of proportion to the 300 million firearms owned by its populace.

There are about 30,000 gun-related deaths per year out of a population of 328 million, but a recent breakdown shows that even these low amounts have little to do with violent criminality. 23,000 of them are suicides, which can't be prevented by gun laws. 1,000 of them are caused by police in the line of duty, so are not connected to gun-control laws. 500 are accidental deaths, so are also non-criminal, leaving mostly criminal 5,500 gun-related deaths.

Of these 5,500, a large share of these occur in large cities, the greatness of which suggest them to be the effect of municipal mismanagement rather than an excess of firearms. For example, strict gun controls in London on the other side of the Atlantic caused a mushrooming of knife crime.

America's large cities' tendencies to violence, the deaths of which would not be expected to change, regardless of weapons of choice, can be subtracted as follows: 298 in St. Louis, 327 in Detroit, 328 in Baltimore, 764 in Chicago. These four chronically-mismanaged cities alone account for a full 30% of all statistically-reduced 5,500 criminal gun deaths, leaving 3,900 criminal gun-related causes-of-death for everywhere else in America.

Risk-comparison studies show these numbers of deaths in the United States to be small both when compared with other causes of death and when compared with the proportion of media coverage they receive.

For example 70,000+ die each year of drug overdoses, 49,000 die each year of the flu, 37,000 die of traffic fatalities, 250,000 die of preventable medical errors and 610,000 die of heart disease.

Studies by [[John Lott]] and others also indicate that gun control causes higher crime rates.<ref>[http://www.johnrlott.com/ John Lott's Website]</ref> [[Washington, D.C.]] has one of the highest crime rates in America even though it completely bans private handguns.<ref>[http://www.disastercenter.com/crime/dccrime.htm District of Columbia Crime Rates 1960 - 2006]</ref> "Switzerland, Israel, Denmark and Finland, all of whom have a higher gun ownership rate than America, all have lower crime rates than America, in fact, their crime rates are among the lowest in the Western World."<ref>Slashdoc - [http://www.slashdoc.com/documents/71244 gun control]</ref> Lott demonstrates that in Britain, [[Australia]] and [[Canada]], increased gun control in the late 1990s led to increased crime, the exact opposite of what the proponents of the gun control promised.<ref>John R. Lott Jr. and Eli Lehrer - [http://johnrlott.tripod.com/op-eds/IBDGunConFailure.html Add Gun Control To Litany Of Misbegotten Gov't Plans]</ref> States in the [[U.S.]] that have enacted concealed-carry laws enjoy lower crime rates.<ref>[http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=4706 Cato report]</ref>

[[File:Robbery victims per 100K.png|300px|thumb|Source data: Australian Bureau of Statistics]]
[[File:Robbery victims.png|300px|thumb|Source data: Australian Bureau of Statistics]]

In Australia, where gun ownership was less widespread and the gun control measures were less strict, there was an immediate increase in robbery and armed robbery after the gun control went into effect in 1996 (see chart at right).<ref>

Gun control passed in Australia because "public was immediately whipped into a gun control frenzy by the press" after the "Port Arthur massacre" in Tasmania on April 28, 1996, in which 32 were shot dead and 19 injured. "Although polls done prior to the massacre indicated that the public was satisfied with the amount of 'gun control' they already had, a major newspaper did a poll just a few days after the massacre (while all minds were "clear") and, not surprisingly, found high levels of support for extreme gun control measures. This poll would be used forever by the commonwealth government and other gun controllers to claim that Australians supported the new gun laws to come." - [http://www.gunsandcrime.org/aussiegc.html Gun Control in Australia] (by gunsandcrime.org)</ref>

There is no clear evidence supporting a decrease in crime from gun control.<ref name="Results">[http://www.gunsandcrime.org/auresult.html Results of the Australian Gun "Buyback" & New Gun Laws], October 2001</ref><ref>[http://bjc.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/azl084v1 Study showing lack of promised benefits from gun control]</ref> Although from 1979 to 1996, 11,110 Australians died by gunshot representing an annual average of 617. In the seven years after new gun laws were announced (1997 to 2003), the yearly average almost halved, to 331. In the decade up to and including Port Arthur There have been 11 mass shootings where 100 people were shot dead and another 52 wounded, while in In the 10 years since 1996 and the new gun laws, not one mass shooting (more than five victims) has occurred in Australia (although in 2002 a gunman killed two and wounded four at Monash University) <ref name="theage.com.au">http://www.theage.com.au/news/opinion/a-safer-place-after-howards-gun-buyback/2006/04/27/1145861484114.html?page=fullpage#contentSwap1</ref>

Subsequent to gun control in England:<ref>http://www.reason.com/news/show/28582.html</ref>
[[File:Send a gun to a British home.jpg|thumb|[[Second Amendment]]-supporting [[American]] [[citizen]]s gifted their [[firearm]]s to [[gun free zone]]-gun control supporting [[British]] citizens during [[World War II]] via [[The American Committee for the Defense of British Homes]].]]

:"from 1997 to 2001, the rate of violent crime more than doubled. Your chances of being mugged in London are now [as of 2002] six times greater than in New York. England's rates of assault, robbery, and burglary are far higher than America's, and 53 percent of English burglaries occur while occupants are at home, compared with 13 percent in the U.S., where burglars admit to fearing armed homeowners more than the police. In a United Nations study of crime in 18 developed nations published in July, England and Wales led the Western world's crime league, with nearly 55 crimes per 100 people."<ref>However this increase in recorded violent crime between 1997 and 2001 is explained by the Home Office as a result of changes in the definition of violent crime and new counting rules introduced in 1998. [http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs04/rdsolr1804.pdf Violent Crime in England and Wales] According to the British Crime Survey, which is considered a more reliable guide to trends in crime [http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs06/crime-statistics-independent-review-06.pdf], violent crime fell 24% between 1997 and 2001/02, and burglary fell 40% over the same period.[http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs05/hosb1105tab201.xls Trends in BCS incidents of crime]</ref>

Gun control in Britain and Australia has been followed by a predictable shift to the left politically by voters as they lost their instrument of self-defense and became more emotionally dependent on government. Contrast that with the [[United States]], where an effort to push gun control after the [[Columbine massacre]] failed in 2000 and the government has remained as [[conservative]]—if not more so—ever since.

The emasculation of the citizenry by gun control also arguably reduces the resistance of a society to intimidation, and exacerbates fear of consequences from causing offense. Subsequent to the passage of strict gun control in [[England]] some teachers have avoided teaching controversial subjects such as the [[Holocaust]], the Arab-Israeli conflict and the [[Crusades]] during history classes.<ref>http://www.dfes.gov.uk/research/data/uploadfiles/RW100.pdf</ref>
Teaching Emotive and Controversial History 3-19 (p. 15) The anti-self-defense attitude of British authorities has also turned criminals into "victims" and victims who fight back into "criminals." One particularly egregious case involved a farmer being sentenced to life imprisonment for defending himself in his home after the home was repeatedly burglarized <ref>http://www.theinternetparty.org/commentary/c_s.php?td=200107200000&section_type=com</ref>

== Trends ==
After decades of increasing gun control laws, the current trend in the [[United States]] is in the direction of more gun rights. The 1994 Omnibus Crime Bill included a ban on certain new rifles labeled assault rifles solely because of features of their appearance, and on new high-capacity magazines. This law recently expired and was not renewed by [[Congress]]. Also, Washington D.C.'s gun ban was struck down as unconstitutional by the U.S. Court of Appeals on March 9, 2007.<ref>The New York Times - [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/09/washington/09cnd-gun.html?hp Appeals Court Says Gun Ban Violates 2nd Amendment]</ref><ref>The Washington Post - [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/09/AR2007030902416.html D.C.'s Ban On Handguns In Homes Is Thrown Out]</ref>

By removing the deterrent effect of guns, gun control causes dramatic increases in crimes committed with other weapons:<ref name="bbc">http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/2656875.stm</ref>

:You are now six times more likely to be mugged in [[London]] than [[New York]]. Why? Because as common law appreciated, not only does an armed individual have the ability to protect himself or herself but criminals are less likely to attack them. They help keep the peace. A study found American burglars fear armed home-owners more than the police. As a result burglaries are much rarer and only 13% occur when people are at home, in contrast to 53% in England.

Supporters of gun control argue that homicide with guns is much less in [[England]] than in the [[United States]],<ref>In 2005/06, the total number of victims of homicide by shooting (including crossbows) in England and Wales was 50 and there were 212 victims of homicide by sharp instruments. Home Office Statistical Bulletin - [http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs07/hosb0207.pdf Homicides, Firearm Offences and Intimate Violence 2005/2006][http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs2/hosb0104.pdf] The data for gun deaths in the United States include guns used in self-defense, as in fending off an assault, robbery or rape, and there were a total of 11,350 gun deaths (including deaths of criminals) in 2005. US Department of Justice, FBI - [http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/05cius/data/table_01.html Crime in the United States by Volume and Rate per 100,000 Inhabitants, 1986 - 2005]</ref> but that was true even before gun control and is likely due to cultural reasons. "A study comparing New York and London over 200 years found the New York homicide rate consistently five times the London rate, although for most of that period residents of both cities had unrestricted access to firearms. When guns were available in England they were seldom used in crime. A government study for 1890-1892 found an average of one handgun homicide a year in a population of 30 million."<ref name="bbc" />

Gun control laws are often seen to conflict with the [[Second Amendment]] to the [[United States Constitution]], which recognizes the right to bear arms. The Second Amendment reads: "A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a [[Free States Movement|free State]], the [[unalienable rights|right]] of the People to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed."

The "right to keep and bear arms" is a right guaranteed to the American citizen by the Bill of Rights through the virtue of a selective reading of said Bill. The phrase "a well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state" precedes the statement, and most federal Courts of Appeals have held that this phrase requires that the "right to bear arms" relates to the collective rights of state militias, as opposed to the individual's rights to have any weapon desired. Just recently, the Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit went against nine other circuits in holding that the Second Amendment constitutes an individual right.<ref>The New York Times - [https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/10/washington/10gun.html?_r=1&oref=slogin Court Rejects Strict Gun Law as Unconstitutional]</ref><ref>FOX News - [https://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,258067,00.html Appeals Court Strikes Down Washington, D.C. Handgun Ban]</ref> However, according to the judge writing for the majority in this case, its decision does still allow for "reasonable restrictions" on gun ownership and use, such as carrying of guns by intoxicated individuals, or in churches.

Only six cities in the United States ban handguns: [[Washington, D.C.]], [[Chicago]], and four of its suburbs.<ref>David Kopel, "The Democrats and Gun Control," Wall St.J., Page A19, April 17, 2008 [http://online.wsj.com/article_email/SB120839466717921537-lMyQjAxMDI4MDE4NzMxOTc0Wj.html]</ref> Some specific locations have also been labeled "[[gun-free zone]]s," including schools, shopping malls, movie theaters, corporate offices, and more. In most cases, mass-shootings take place in these gun-free zones, since those who obey the rules do not carry, while those already planning to break the law disregard this rule. When attempted in areas where firearms are permitted, [[Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens|mass-shootings have often been quickly stopped by armed citizens]].

Support for stricter gun control laws fell deeply between 1992 and 2012, and while it rose in the succeeding six years, support levels remained far lower than in 1992.<ref>Hawkins, Awr (October 20, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2018/10/20/poll-gun-control-support-down-17-percent-over-past-28-years/ Poll: Gun Control Support Down 17 Percent Over Past 28 Years]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved October 21, 2018.</ref>

==Overview==
"Gun control" can include:

* Restricting which persons can own firearms.
* Restrictions on the number of firearms a person may own, or purchase during a given time period
* Requirements that privately owned firearms be registered with the government.
* Bans on certain types of firearms; for example, "handguns" or assault rifles
* Restrictions on where firearms may be carried, for example into restaurants or post offices
* Requiring a "background check" and/or a "waiting period" to purchase a firearm
* Restricting when and where firearms may be bought and sold, for example banning their sale through the mail
* Requiring licenses or some other form of permission from the government to buy and/or sell a firearm
* Requiring some form of permission from the government to carry a firearm in public, either concealed or openly
* Laws granting special gun rights for some people, for example, retired law enforcement officers, which are denied the rest of the public, which was used in several southern states.
* Outright bans on carrying firearms in public
* Outright bans on private possession of firearms, though this has never occurred in the United States (with the exception of some municipalities, prior to those bans being struck down in court)

===Arguments in favor===
"The only purpose of a gun is to kill people."

The sixth commandment of the [[Ten Commandments]] in Exodus 20:13 in the [[Bible]] states, "You shall not murder."

Advocates point to the number of accidental deaths caused by children gaining access to improperly-stored guns. According to the [[Brady Campaign]], a [[liberal]] organization that advocates for gun control, in the United States, " 1 out of 3 homes with kids have guns and nearly 1.7 million children live in a home with an unlocked, loaded gun."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bradycampaign.org/key-gun-violence-statistics|title=Key Gun Violence Statistics|accessdate=July 14, 2017}}</ref>

Another argument is that of suicide prevention. Guns are highly effective tools for committing suicide with a reported success rate of over 95%, whereas other common methods such as overdoses and cutting have a less than 10% success rate.

===Arguments against===
[[Ann Coulter]] wrote, "Numerous studies, including one by the National Institute of Justice, show that crime victims who resist a criminal with a gun are less likely to be injured than those who do not resist at all or who resist without a gun. That's true even when the assailant is armed."<ref>http://www.anncoulter.com/columns/2013-03-27.html#read_more</ref>

[[Emily Miller]] wrote,
"New York City Mayor [[Michael R. Bloomberg]] has spent tens of millions of his billions trying to get his gun bans instituted in the rest of America, even though these laws have never stopped criminals from getting guns."<ref>[https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2013/aug/26/miller-bloomberg-loses-stop-and-frisk-and-nra-gets/ Bloomberg loses stop and frisk, and NRA gets blamed: The mayor’s default disgust for gun owners tarnishes his life-saving program] - [[Emily Miller]]</ref>

Critics, such as Awr Hawkins of [[Breitbart.com]], have argued that background checks, a form of gun control, have done nothing to prevent gun crimes.<ref name="Hawkins"/>

Hawkins has also pointed out that despite [[France]] having very strict gun control laws, the nation has had many [[List of Islamist terrorist attacks|Islamic terrorist attacks]] that used a variety of weapons, including guns and rifes.<ref>Hawkins, Awr (April 21, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/london/2017/04/21/france-2015-to-present-strict-gun-control-a-paper-tiger/ France 2015 to Present: Strict Gun Control a Paper Tiger]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 22, 2017.</ref>

Since 1950, 97.8% of mass public shootings have occurred in [[gun-free zone]]s.<ref>[https://crimeresearch.org/2018/06/more-misleading-information-from-bloombergs-everytown-for-gun-safety-on-guns-analysis-of-recent-mass-shootings/ UPDATED: Mass Public Shootings keep occurring in Gun-Free Zones: 97.8% of attacks since 1950]. ''Crime Prevention Research Center''. June 15, 2018. Retrieved November 10, 2018.</ref><ref>Hawkins, Awr (November 20, 2018). [https://www.breitbart.com/politics/2018/11/20/study-97-8-percent-mass-shootings-since-1950-gun-free-zones/ Study: 97.8% of Mass Shootings Since 1950 Occurred in ‘Gun-Free Zones’]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved November 20, 2018.</ref> On the other hand, a 2018 analysis of FBI data by Jacob Paulsen found that 94% of all mass shootings [[Mass shootings prevented by armed citizens|were thwarted by law-abiding armed citizens]].<ref>Duke, Selwyn (November 28, 2018). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/crime/item/30766-guns-saving-lives-study-armed-citizens-thwart-active-shooters-94-of-the-time Guns Save Lives — Armed Citizens Thwart Active Shooters 94 Percent of the Time]. ''The New American''. Retrieved November 28, 2018.</ref> Additionally, the U.S. experiences a lower rate of mass shootings compared to the global average.<ref>Tapscott, Mark (June 2, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/data-call-into-question-demands-for-new-gun-control-laws_2947821.html Data May Call Into Question Demands for New Gun Control Laws]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved June 3, 2019.</ref> Student deaths by active-shooters are nine times more likely in gun-free zones.<ref>Duke, Selwyn (July 2, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/usnews/crime/item/32759-student-active-shooter-deaths-9-times-as-likely-with-gun-free-zone-status-quo Student Active-shooter Deaths 9 Times as Likely With "Gun-free Zone" Status Quo]. ''The New American''. Retrieved July 3, 2019.</ref>

==Constitutional debate==
The [[Second Amendment]] reads:

"A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the People to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed."

Most constitutional scholars agree that since the amendment refers to "the right of the People" instead of the right of the militia, it protects an individual right to own guns. The reason for this was the fact that the supplying of guns for the military and militas was already provided for in Article I Section 8 as a power of Congress. The extent of that right was something hotly debated for decades, until the Supreme Court ruling of 26 June 2008, Heller v District of Columbia.

The majority opinion, written by Justice [[Antonin Scalia]], held for the first time that the Constitution provides an individual right to bear arms, such as for self-defense, rather than a right that applies only to a state militia.

The decision upheld an appellate court ruling striking down Washington, D.C.'s 1976 handgun ban. The case marked the first time in more than 70 years that the Supreme Court had addressed the Second Amendment ''and the first time it spoke directly about the implication of an individual right''. The court struck down two of the District of Columbia's gun control laws: its handgun ban and its requirement that other firearms kept at home have a trigger lock or be disassembled.

Relying on the broader historical record, Justice Scalia wrote:
{{cquote|'''putting all of these textual elements together, we find that they guarantee the individual right to possess and carry weapons in case of confrontation.'''}}

Scalia noted that the ruling should not be interpreted to "cast doubt on long-standing prohibitions on the possession of firearms by felons or the mentally ill, or laws forbidding the carrying of firearms in sensitive places such as schools and government buildings." <ref>[http://www.scotusblog.com/wp/wp-content/uploads/2008/06/07-2901.pdf Supreme Court Opinion, District of Columbia v Heller]</ref>

==Racism of gun control==
In the [[United States of America]], gun control has a strong racist origin and reasoning. Before the Civil War ended, State "Slave Codes" prohibited slaves from owning guns. After President [[Abraham Lincoln]] issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, and after the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution abolishing slavery was adopted and the Civil War ended in 1865, States persisted in prohibiting blacks, now freemen, from owning guns under laws renamed "Black Codes." They did so on the basis that blacks were not citizens, and thus did not have the same rights, including the right to keep and bear arms protected in the Second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, as whites. This view was specifically articulated by the [[U.S. Supreme Court]] in its infamous 1857 decision in ''[[Dred Scott v. Sandford]]'' to uphold slavery.

The United States Congress overrode most portions of the Black Codes by passing the Civil Rights Act of 1866. The legislative histories of both the Civil Rights Act and the Fourteenth Amendment, as well as The Special Report of the Anti-Slavery Conference of 1867, are replete with denunciations of those particular statutes that denied blacks equal access to firearms. [Kates, "Handgun Prohibition and the Original Meaning of the Second Amendment," 82 Mich. L. Rev. 204, 256 (1983)] However, facially neutral disarming through economic means laws remain in effect.

After the adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution in 1878, most States turned to "facially neutral" business or transaction taxes on handgun purchases. However, the intention of these laws was not neutral. An article in Virginia's official university law review called for a "prohibitive tax...on the privilege" of selling handguns as a way of disarming "the son of Ham," whose "cowardly practice of 'toting' guns has been one of the most fruitful sources of crime.... Let a negro board a railroad train with a quart of mean whiskey and a pistol in his grip and the chances are that there will be a murder, or at least a row, before he alights."<ref>Comment, Carrying Concealed Weapons, 15 Va L. Reg. 391, 391-92 (1909); George Mason University Civil Rights Law Journal (GMU CR LJ), Vol. 2, No. 1, "Gun Control and Racism," Stefan Tahmassebi, 1991, p. 75.</ref> Thus, many Southern States imposed high taxes or banned inexpensive guns so as to price blacks and poor whites out of the gun market.

Today, "gun control" laws continue to be enacted so as to have a racist effect if not intent:

* Police-issued license and permit laws, unless drafted to require issuance to those not prohibited by law from owning guns, are routinely used to prevent lawful gun ownership among "unpopular" populations.
* Public housing residents, approximately 3 million Americans, are singled out for gun bans.
* "Gun sweeps" by police in "high crime neighborhoods" whereby vehicles and "pedestrians who meet a specific profile that might indicate they are carrying a weapon" are searched are becoming popular, and are being studied by the [[U.S. Department of Justice]] as "Operation Ceasefire."
* Some U.S. cities with high minority populations, such as Washington, D.C., are singled out for gun bans.
* "Project Exile" began in the U.S. city of Richmond, Virginia and mandated that people arrested for technical firearms violations (note: not for violent crimes committed with a firearm, but for technical violations of the law) be tried in federal court where they would be subject to lengthy mandatory minimum sentences rather than in state court under the more lenient Virginia laws. As with many other restrictions this was aimed primarily at the city's Black residents. It has since been copied in many other cities.

The [[Ku Klux Klan]] began also as a gun-control organization.<ref>http://www.examiner.com/article/kkk-began-as-gun-control-organization-confirms-racist-roots-of-gun-control</ref>

== Sexism of gun control ==
Firearms, especially lower recoiling ones such as many handguns, allow any person to wield enough power to stop another person from attacking them.<ref name="genderDiscrimination1">http://www.learnaboutguns.com/2008/03/19/firearms-rights-are-a-gender-equality-issue-too/</ref> Many women (quite reasonably) fear the threat of attack by a physically stronger man, and a firearm could prevent many of these attacks, but gun bans leave these women vulnerable. Take the case of the “North Side Rapist” in Chicago, a city where hand guns are banned, as an example: The rapist broke in to the women's homes, and at least one of the women heard him break in and then climb the stairs. Had this woman had a handgun, she almost certainly could have stopped the rapist before it was too late. This would have prevented her from enduring such a horrific crime, as well as preventing the rapist's future victims from experiencing the same thing. Instead, Chicago law prevented her from being able to defend herself, and gave the advantage to the rapist/home-invader. This is not an isolated incident, and similar events happen every day across the county.

== Elitism of gun control ==
Many of the most ardent American anti-gun politicians, such as Chicago's Mayor Daley, are protected by taxpayer-sponsored armed body guards, but deny law abiding citizens the right to defend themselves with a gun.<ref name="classDiscrimination1">http://www.learnaboutguns.com/2008/04/16/a-double-standard-anti-gun-politicians-and-their-gun-toting-bodyguards/</ref> These politicians seemingly believe themselves to be part of an elite group who deserve to be protected against violent criminals, while ordinary law-abiding citizens are left with less-effective means to defend themselves, and must instead rely on the police arriving in time.

== Gun control outside the United States ==
{{See also|Gun Control in Nazi Germany}}
Gun control advocates cite foreign countries to argue that gun control can reduce crime, but such comparison can be difficult due to the presence of other factors. For example, they cite [[Singapore]] as having gun control and a lower crime rate than the United States, but Singapore has a population of 5 million people and one of the highest literacy and average wealth in the world. It lacks many of the freedoms found in the United States and strictly imposes harsh physical punishment, such as caning and the [[death penalty]], for crimes that are not punished so harshly in the United States. The real issue of the security in Singapore is its tight criminal control, not the gun control itself.

Gun control supporters also cite [[Gun Control in Japan|Japan's gun control laws]], which severely restrict gun ownership and crime rates are relatively low. But [[Japan]] also lacks many freedoms and diversity which exist in the United States, and Japan has strong cultural deterrents to crime. Ironically, Japan is home to [[Tokyo Marui]], the world's largest airsoft gun manufacturer, which designs airsoft guns that are made to the same scale and with the same materials as the real counterpart and which have been mistaken by police for real guns.

In the [[European Union]], gun control is more strict than in the United States, but gun ownership differs widely between member states, from 36 per 100 people in [[Cyprus]] to one per 100 in [[Poland]]." In [[Switzerland]], on the other hand, gun ownership is quite widespread, which no doubt contributes to its reputation as a peaceful and neutral country.<ref>[http://archives.cnn.com/2001/WORLD/europe/09/27/switzerland.shooting Gun control in Switzerland]</ref> In November 2007, the [[European Parliament]] passed legislation to tighten and harmonize gun control across the EU, and oblige each member state to set up a computerized database of firearms, as it "hoped to prevent Europe from becoming a gun-friendly culture like the United States". Parliament wanted to limit cross-border trade from states with less control to those with tougher laws, such as from [[Lithuania]], where replica guns can cost as little as [[Euro|€]]100 (US$150), to the United Kingdom, where most replicas are outlawed.

In Australia, gun violence has always been significantly lower than other types of violence.<ref>http://www.gunsandcrime.org/aussiegc.html</ref> Australia has not experienced considerable violence problems with legally purchased guns. It has always had a much lower homicide rate than the more violent culture in the United States.<ref>In Australia the gun related homicide rate is 0.44 per 100,000 of population. In the US it is about 8 times as high at 3.72 per 100,000 of population.</ref> From 1979 to 1996, 11,110 Australians died by gunshot representing an annual average of 617. In the seven years after new gun laws were announced (1997 to 2003), the yearly average almost halved, to 331. In the decade up to and including Port Arthur There have been 11 mass shootings where 100 people were shot dead and another 52 wounded, while in In the 10 years since 1996 and the new gun laws, not one mass shooting (more than five victims) has occurred in Australia (although in 2002 a gunman killed two and wounded four at Monash University).<ref name="theage.com.au"/>

Gun control began in Australia in response to fears that guns would be used by home-grown Communist Revolutionaries.<ref>http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1083528 This study discusses the parallel policies of early-mid 20th century Britain and Australia.</ref> The most restrictive reforms were made in 1996 and 2002, following highly publicized shootings.<ref name="ReferenceA">http://www.theage.com.au/news/opinion/a-safer-place-after-howards-gun-buyback/2006/04/27/1145861484114.html</ref>

Both sets of reforms (1996 and 2002) were lead by Prime Minister [[John Howard]] of the Coalition (Australia's conservative government). Howard was well known as an anti-gun advocate.<ref name="ReferenceB">http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/anger-lingers-among-those-who-lost-their-firearms/2006/04/27/1145861489398.html</ref> The move offended gun supporters, many of whom had traditionally supported the Coalition.<ref name="ReferenceB"/> Despite the loss of this voting group, Howard won elections following both reforms (in 1998 and 2004).

There is controversy over the success of Australia's gun restrictions. Studies suggest overall gun violence has decreased since the 1996 and 2002 bans.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> However, Australia's bike and drug gangs, the main perpetrators of gun violence, still easily access illegal firearms.<ref>http://www.theage.com.au/news/in-depth/a-disarming-cause/2006/04/27/1145861489519.html</ref> Further, the overall homicide rate remains constant.<ref>http://www.theage.com.au/news/opinion/a-safer-place-after-howards-gun-buyback/2006/04
/27/1145861484114.html?page=2</ref>

[[Brazil]] enacted strict gun control laws in the early 20th century, and in the two subsequent decades saw a massive increase in violent crime.<ref>De Castro, Fernando (September 14, 2019). [https://www.theepochtimes.com/gun-control-and-crime-rise-in-brazil_3073802.html Gun Control and Crime Rise in Brazil]. ''The Epoch Times''. Retrieved September 15, 2019.</ref>

In [[Canada]], notably [[authoritarian]]<ref>https://troymedia.com/viewpoint/trudeau-canada-road-authoritarianism/</ref> Prime Minister "Jihadi Justin"<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUA1bgBM3SU</ref> Trudeau exploited the worst mass shooting event in that country's history to push for stricter gun control measures, including widespread assault-weapon bans.<ref>https://www.newsmax.com/t/newsmax/article/964025?section=newsfront&keywords=trudeau-guncontrol-canadashooting&year=2020&month=04&date=21&id=964025</ref> The shooter was not even a lawful gun owner.<ref>https://www.rebelnews.com/nova_scotia_shooter_was_not_a_legal_gun_owner_rcmp_confirm</ref>

== Gun control and genocide ==
Gun control "contributes to the probability of its government engaging" in [[genocide]], including the three worst instances in the 20th century:<ref>"[A] society's weapons policy might be one of the institutional arrangements that contributes to the probability of its government engaging in some of the more extreme varieties of outrage. ... [I]t is [] an arresting reality that not one of the principal genocides of the twentieth century, and there have been dozens, has been inflicted on a population that was armed." [http://ls.wustl.edu/WULQ/75-3/753-4.html Washington University Law Quarterly]</ref>

*The [[Ottoman Empire]] had gun control and then, from 1915 to 1918, killed 3.5 million out of 5 million Ottoman Christians, including 1.5 million out of 2 million Armenians, 750,000 out of 1 million Assyrian Christians, and 250,000 million out of 1 million Pontic Greeks.

*In 1917, one of the first things the Bolsheviks did upon taking power was to disarm the population, and because Czarist Russia was one the most heavily armed societies on earth, the crime rate was just as low as Switzerland, and it was easier to resist Napoleon than Adolf Hitler.<ref>http://www.pravdareport.com/opinion/columnists/28-12-2012/123335-americans_guns-0/</ref> The result of disarmament was a civil war followed by Stalin's purges, whose average estimate killed 20 million.

*In 1938, [[Nazi Germany]] under [[Adolf Hitler]] imposed gun control and then after sparking World War II, Europe under its control killed killed 6 million out of 9 million European Jews,<ref>https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10008193</ref> as well as 27 million Soviets (one in three were soldiers), 3 million Poles, and 2 million Serbs.<ref>http://www.self.gutenberg.org/articles/eng/World_War_II_casualties_of_the_Soviet_Union</ref> The American Gun Control Act of 1968 is modeled off the Nazi Gun Control Act of 1938, while the FOID (Firearms Owner's ID), adopted by Illinois in 1968, is modeled off Nazi gun licensing.<ref>http://mobile.wnd.com/2012/12/the-nazi-roots-of-u-s-gun-control-laws/</ref>

*In 1935, [[China]] under [[Chiang Kai-shek]] established gun control during the Warlord period, enabling the invading Imperial Japanese Army to easily kill 12 million Chinese during World War II, and then from 1966 to 1976, 20 million political dissidents were killed in [[Mao Zedong]]'s Cultural Revolution. In ''Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung'', Mao said, “Every Communist must grasp the truth; Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun."

*From 1975 to 1979, [[Pol Pot]] established gun control in [[Cambodia]] exterminating three million out of nine million Cambodians.

*In 1970, [[Uganda]] imposed gun control. Between 1971 and 1979 300,000 Christians and political oppositionals were killed.<ref>https://www.nationalreview.com/corner/66751/gun-control-amin/dave-kopel#</ref>

"The Nazis made only two important changes to the Weapons Law that was in place when they came to power. First, they forbade Jews from owning guns or any other weapon. Second, they exempted members of the Sturmabteilung (SA) and many Nazi party officials from the law's strictures."<ref name=polsby/> The German Firearms Act of 1937 stated "No civilian is to have a firearm without a permit and permits shall not be issued to persons suspected of acting against the state. ''For Jews, this permission will not be granted.'' Those people who do not require permission to carry weapons include the whole of the SS, and the SA - including the Deaths Head group, and the officers of the Hitler youth." <ref name="Volokh">[http://www.freerepublic.com/forum/a38d04d5c7c40.htm The Journalist's Guide to Gun Policy Scholars and Second Amendment Scholars], Professor Eugene Volokh, FreeRepublic.com, March 15, 2000</ref>

Adolf Hitler said, "The most foolish mistake we could possibly make would be to permit the conquered eastern peoples to have arms. History teaches that all conquerors who have allowed their subject races to carry arms have prepared their own downfall by doing so." <ref name="Volokh" />

[[Josef Stalin]], former dictator of the [[USSR]] and murderer of over 20 million people, infamously supported gun control in the fear that his evil regime might be torn down and so only soldiers could have firearms.

== Gun control and dictators ==
"One man with a gun can control 100 without one" - [[Vladimir Lenin]]

"This year will go down in history. For the first time, a civilized nation has full gun registration! Our streets will be safer, our police more efficient, and the world will follow our lead into the future." - [[Adolf Hitler]], 1935.

"A system of licensing and registration is the perfect device to deny gun ownership to the bourgeoisie." - [[Vladimir Lenin]]

"Ideas are more powerful than guns. We would not let our enemies have guns, why should we let them have ideas?” - [[Joseph Stalin]]

"All political power comes from the barrel of a gun. The communist party must command all the guns, that way, no guns can ever be used to command the party." [[Chairman Mao]]

"The most foolish mistake we could possibly make would be to allow the subject races to possess arms. History shows that all conquerors who have allowed their subject races to carry arms have prepared their own downfall by so doing." - quoted in [[Hitler]]'s ''Tischegesprache Im Fuhrerhauptquartier'' 1941–1942.

"If the opposition disarms, well and good. If it refuses to disarm, we shall disarm it ourselves." - [[Joseph Stalin]]

"Under no pretext should arms and ammunition be surrendered; any attempt to disarm the workers must be frustrated, by force if necessary"'' - [[Karl Marx]]<ref>https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/communist-league/1850-ad1.htm</ref>

== Gun control and young mass murderers ==
{{Main|Young mass murderers}}

Strict gun control failed and still fails to prevent mass murderers from starting killing sprees while the victims are unable to defend themselves.

Compare the cases of Pekka-Eric Auvinen ([[Finland]]) and Robert Steinhäuser ([[Germany]]) with the case of Matthew Murray. The latter was stopped by an armed citizen before he could harm more victims; Auvinen killed 8 people and Steinhäuser killed 16. Both Finland and Germany have gun control laws.

U.S. Senator from [[West Virginia]] [[Joe Manchin]] supported legislation to establish universal background checks across the nation. He pushed it after the [[Sandy Hook massacre]], despite the fact that even he admitted that the legislation would not have stopped the massacre, since the shooter stole the weapons he used.<ref name="Hawkins">Hawkins, Awr (April 21, 2017). [https://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/04/21/joe-manchin-trump-fortitude-make-senate-pass-gun-control/ Joe Manchin: Trump Has the ‘Fortitude’ to Make Senate Pass Gun Control]. ''Breitbart News''. Retrieved April 22, 2017.</ref> Background checks have been shown to be ineffective in preventing other shootings as well.<ref name="Hawkins"/>

==See also==
* [[List of state constitutions containing a RKBA provision]]
* [[Beto O'Rourke]]
* [[Arming America]]

==Further reading==
*Charles, Robert (March 28, 2018). [https://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2018/03/28/if-second-amendment-falls-our-entire-bill-rights-falls.html If the Second Amendment falls, our entire Bill of Rights falls]. ''Fox News''.
*Williams, Walter E. (July 17, 2019). [https://www.thenewamerican.com/reviews/opinion/item/32871-things-haven-t-always-been-this-way Things Haven’t Always Been This Way]. ''The New American''.

==External links==
=== Opposed to gun control ===
*[http://www.2asisters.org/ Second Amendment Sisters]
*[http://www.nra.org/ The National Rifle Association]
*[http://www.nrapublications.org/AC/index.asp Armed citizens defending themselves.]
*[http://www.a-human-right.com/ A Human Right] Discussion of the human right to self-defense with a firearm.
*[http://www.learnaboutguns.com/ Learn About Guns] Firearm information and politics.
*[http://www.gunowners.org/ Gun Owners of America] A no-compromise pro-gun lobby in Washington, D.C.
*[http://www.aim.org/wls/category/gun-control/ What Liberals Say - Category: Gun Control]
*[http://www.guncite.com/ GunCite: Gun Control and Second Amendment Issues]
*[http://jpfo.org/ Jews for the Preservation of Firearms Ownership]
*[http://nssf.org/ National Shooting Sports Foundation]
*[http://concealedcampus.org/ Students for Concealed Carry]
*[https://www.theblaze.com/contributions/the-long-racist-history-of-gun-control-in-america/ The Long, Racist History of Gun Control in America]

=== In favor of gun control ===
*[http://www.guninformation.org/ Gun Control and the Second Amendment]
*[http://www.huppi.com/kangaroo/L-switzerland.htm Myth: Switzerland proves that high gun-ownership doesn't increase murder]
*[http://www.bradycampaign.org/ Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence]
*[http://www.vpc.org/ Violence Policy Center]
*[http://www.lwv.org/ League of Women Voters]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

{{Second Amendment topics}}
{{communism}}
[[Category:Gun Free Zones]]
[[Category:Gun Control]]
[[Category:United States Political Terms]]
[[Category:Second Amendment]]

Resurrection

2021-06-16T18:10:57Z

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{{Bible}}
[[Image:Annibale Carracci 1585.jpg|right|300px]]

The '''resurrection''' is the single most important event in world history: [[Jesus]]'s victory over death and the grave. Through [[Christ]] and his victory over death, all can have victory through Him. Liberal Christians tend to interpret the Resurrection symbolically and doubt its historicity, while [[atheists]] deny it outright, which arguments are countered by [[Christian apologetics]]<ref>[http://www.tektonics.org/TK-J.html See under Jesus-Resurrection]</ref><ref>[http://www.ankerberg.com/Articles/_PDFArchives/theological-dictionary/TD1W0401.pdf Alternate Theories of the Resurrection of Jesus Christ— Part Two]</ref><ref>[http://www.leaderu.com/offices/billcraig/docs/bodily.html The Bodily Resurrection of Jesus Dr. William Lane Craig]</ref> and the transformational effects of faith in Christ.<ref>[http://www.cbn.com/700club/features/amazing]</ref>

Resurrection is the act of coming back from the dead. Jesus' body laid in his tomb until the 3rd day, when Jesus rose again. His body was not like it had been before, being now able to walk through walls and appear suddenly among His disciples. He could also keep Himself from being recognized however He wished. Jesus stayed on the earth after his resurrection until [[Ascension of Christ|His ascension]].

At the '''[[Last Judgment]]''' all of the dead will also be physically resurrected and judged according to their works. {{cquote|Wherefore we labour, that, whether present or absent, we may be accepted of him. For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ; that every one may receive the things ''done'' in ''his'' body, according to that he hath done, whether ''it be'' good or bad. — [http://biblehub.com/2_corinthians/5-10.htm 2 Corinthians 5:9-10]}}See [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Revelation+20%3A11-15&version=KJV Revelation 20:11-15] and [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+25%3A31-46&version=KJV Matthew 25:31-46]; [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Daniel+12%3A2-3&version=KJV Daniel 12:2-3] and [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Corinthians+15%3A12-58&version=KJV 1 Corinthians 15:12-58]. Compare [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+7%3A21-27&version=KJV Matthew 7:21-27] and [https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=James+2%3A14-28&version=KJV James 2:14-28].

== See also ==

* [[Resurrection Sunday]]
* [[Resurrection of Jesus Christ]]
* [[Easter]]
* [[Jewish Biblical way of interpretation: a solution for New Testament understanding]]
* [[Corporal and spiritual works of mercy]]
* [[Eternal security (salvation)]]

== External links ==

*[http://www.iclnet.org/pub/resources/text/cri/cri-jrnl/crj0056a.txt I Believe...in the Resurrection of the Flesh]
*[http://www.allaboutjesuschrist.org/resurrection-sunday-faq.htm Resurrection Sunday]
*[https://www.thenewamerican.com/culture/history/item/22849-christ-s-resurrection-the-historical-record Christ’s Resurrection: The Historical Record], by Steve Byas, ''[[The New American]]''
*[https://answersingenesis.org/jesus-christ/resurrection/resurrection-no-doubt-about-it/ Resurrection—No Doubt About It], by Tim Chaffey, ''Answers in Genesis''
*[https://answersingenesis.org/archaeology/even-caesar-confirmed-resurrection/ Even Caesar Confirmed the Resurrection], by Henry B. Smith, Jr., ''Answers in Genesis''

== References ==

<references/>
{{communism}}
[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:Christian Theology]]

Vestigial structures

2021-06-16T18:10:28Z

Hfhff:

'''Vestigial structures''' are structures or organs that have been claimed by evolutionists as [[theory of evolution|evolutionary]] "leftovers", that are no longer functional or have ceased to be used for their "original" function, and this has been used as evidence for evolution, as [[God]] would not have created useless structures and organs.<ref name="JB2000">Bergman, 2000</ref>

Vestigial structures do not exist, and constitute [[fake news]] by [[atheist]]s. The list of supposedly vestigial organs in humans has gone from 180 in 1890 to none in 1999,<ref name="JB2000" /> as functions have been found for such organs. Moreover, the claims of vestigial organs or structures are not a scientific argument, but a false [[theology|theological]] one.<ref>Doyle, 2008</ref>
*"Vestigial structures are entirely consistent with [[intelligent design]], suggesting structures that were initially designed but then lost their function through accident or disuse. Nevertheless, vestigial structures also provide evidence for a limited form of evolution. From both a design-theoretic and an evolutionary perspective, a vestigial structure is one that started out functional but then lost its function. Yet, in the case of [[evolution]], vestigiality explains only the loss of function and not its origination. Vestigiality at best documents a degenerative form of evolution in which preexisting functional structures change and lose their function." -- ''[[The Design of Life]]''

== Functional "vestigial" organs ==

Some of the organs previously thought to be vestigial have important functions. Jerry Bergman wrote:<ref name="JB2000" />
{{QuoteBox|Few examples of vestigial organs in humans are now offered, and the ones that are have been shown by more recent research to be completely functional (and in many cases critically so, see Bergman and Howe)...
 
One popular book on the human body which discussed vestigial organs stated that next to [[circumcision]]
<blockquote>‘… [[tonsillectomy]] is the most frequently performed piece of surgery. Doctors once thought [[tonsils]] were simply useless evolutionary leftovers and took them out thinking that it could do no harm. Today there is considerable evidence that there are more troubles in the upper respiratory tract ''after'' tonsil removal than before, and doctors generally agree that simple enlargement of tonsils is hardly an indication for [[surgery]]...’</blockquote>}}

== Loss of function does not prove evolution ==

Evolutionist claim that [[snake]]s have vestigial features.<ref>Zimmer, 1997</ref>
According to the science magazine ''[[New Scientist]]'':
{{QuoteBox|Scientists have found fossils of a legged snake with “hips” – a specimen that could be the most primitive snake ever unearthed. The find suggests early snakes were not creatures of the sea and has reignited the debate over how snakes evolved.

Sebastián Apesteguía at the Argentine Museum of Natural History and his team found the snake fossil in a terrestrial deposit in the Río Negro province of north Patagonia, Argentina, in 2003. Unlike a handful of legged fossils found in marine deposits and identified as snakes over the past decade, the new fossil, named Najash rionegrina, has a well-defined sacrum supporting a pelvis and functional hind legs outside of its ribcage.<ref>New Scientist, 2006</ref>}}

[[Creation Science|Creation scientists]] dispute that snakes with legs are evidence for the theory of evolution:
{{QuoteBox|Even assuming it could be established that the ancestor of snakes today had legs, creationists have no problem in principle with loss of features through natural processes. Development of leglessness is not evidence for molecules-to-man evolution, which requires addition of ''new'' genetic information. Loss of legs could be achieved through degeneration of the DNA information sequences that specify leg development.<ref>Anon, 2000 (emphasis in original)</ref>}}

== Different views ==

In the view of secular evolutionists, vestigial structures are some of the best evidence in favor of [[evolution]] and against [[intelligent design]] because the most parsimonious explanation for these structures' existence is that they were once functional in progenitor species, but were rendered useless by evolution. According to [[Occam's Razor]], all other things being equal, the solution that makes the fewest assumptions is the best.

However, this argument ignores the counter argument of [[the fall]], where it is understood that current conditions are not the way God originally designed, and that vestigial structures are, if anything, evidence for ''devolution'', not evolution.<ref>Batten and Sarfati</ref>

Furthermore, the fact that science has not determined the function of a particular structure does not mean that the structure has no function. Indeed, as stated earlier evolutionists have in the past proposed 180 human organs as being vestigial, but we now know that the vast majority of those organs have since been found to have definite functions,<ref name="JB2000" /> including the [[tonsils]], [[thymus]], and the [[pineal gland]]. The tonsils were found to help fight infection, and the thymus and pineal gland were both found to secrete important hormones.<ref>Darwinism Refuted.com</ref> In addition, a number of suggestions and claims have been made about the role of the human appendix.<ref>Glover, 1998; Ham and Wieland, 1997; Wilkinson, 2004; Anon., 2007; Wieland and Doyle, 2008, Associated Press, 2007.</ref>

The recent trend among evolutionists is to claim that supposedly vestigial organs, while serving purposes, actually have different functions than what they originally did in our alleged evolutionary ancestors. For example, they point to the human appendix and claim that while it has been proven to serve a purpose now, its original purpose in our ancestors was to help digest plant material. Of course, such arguments are pure conjecture that will never have any sort of evidence to back them up.

== Sources ==
* Anon., [http://creationontheweb.com/content/view/3649 Snakes with legs? A preliminary reply], 20 March 2000.
* Anon., [http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21153898/ Scientists may have found appendix’s purpose], MSNBC, 5 October 2007.
* Associated Press, [https://edition.cnn.com/2007/HEALTH/10/05/appendix.purpose.ap/index.html?iref=mpstoryview Purpose of appendix believed found], 2007.
* Batten, Don, and Sarfati, John, [http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/3863/ ‘Vestigial’ Organs: What do they prove?] (Creation Ministries International).
* Bergman, Jerry, "Do any vestigial organs exist in humans?", ''Journal of Creation'' 14(2):95–98, August 2000. [http://creationontheweb.com/content/view/1663 HTML], [http://www.creationontheweb.com/images/pdfs/tj/j14_2/j14_2_95-98.pdf PDF].
* Darwinism Refuted.com, [http://www.darwinismrefuted.com/embryology_02.html The Myth of Vestigial Organs].
* Doyle, Shaun, [http://creationontheweb.com/content/view/5811 Vestigial arguments: remnants of evolution], 11 June 2008 (Creation Ministries International)
* Glover, Warwick, [http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/1759 The human vermiform appendix] ''Journal of Creation'' 3(1):31–38, April 1988.
* Ham, Ken, and Wieland, Carl, [http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/709 Your appendix ... it’s there for a reason], ''Creation'' 20(1):41–42, December 1997.
* New Scientist [http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn9020.html Oldest snake fossil shows a bit of leg], 19 April 2006
* Wilkinson, Richard, [http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/559 Cutting out a useless vestigial argument], ''Creation'' 26(3):51, June 2004.
* Wieland, Carl, and Doyle, Shaun, [http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/5756 More musings on our ‘useless’ appendix], May 2008 (Creation Ministries International).
* Zimmer, Carl, [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1511/is_n7_v18/ai_19560108 How the snake lost its legs: Snakes, researchers once thought, descended from humble burrowing lizards. New evidence suggests a marine pedigree, and a family tree that includes 45-foot reptiles], Discover, July 1997.

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[http://www.angelfire.com/mi/dinosaurs/tailbone.html Do Humans really have a Vestigial Tailbone? If not then what is it?]

{{communism}}
[[Category:Biology]]
[[Category:Theory of Evolution and Cases of Fraud, Hoaxes and Speculation]]

Movement conservative

2021-06-16T18:10:05Z

Hfhff:

A '''movement conservative''' is one who recognizes and advocates across-the-board [[conservative]] principles, without exception. This is contrasted with [[Republican in name only|cafeteria, single-issue, or self-serving]] approaches. Movement conservatives, unlike cafeteria conservatives, understand that since conservative philosophy is a coherent whole, it is untenable to discard part of it without discarding all of it. '''Movement conservatives favor [[logic]] rather than self-centered behavior''' and therefore reject the teachings of [[Ayn Rand]], who considered [[selfishness]] to be logical.

Simply put, a movement conservative is a conservative who seeks to help others, and the nation, by explaining, advocating and defending the logical and beneficial conservative approach. A movement conservative is not primarily seeking political gain for him or herself, but advocates the insights and values of [[conservatism]] for the benefit of others.

Movement conservatives include:

*[[Irish]] Statesman [[Edmund Burke]], who sided with the [[American]] colonists while in the [[British]] [[Parliament]] at the time of the [[American Revolution]], and who opposed the [[atheist]]ic, [[anarchy|anarchist]] [[French Revolution]].
*Activist [[Phyllis Schlafly]], who invented [[grassroots]] activism to move the [[United States]] markedly more [[conservative]].
*Congressman [[John Ashbrook]], who challenge [[globalist]] [[Richard Nixon]] in his primary in 1972.
*Congressman [[Larry McDonald]], M.D., praised as "the most principled man in Congress" by [[Ron Paul]] but was shot down by the [[communism|communist]] [[Soviet Union]] while in flight on [[KAL 007]].
*Journalist [[Robert Novak]]
*Liberty University founder [[Jerry Falwell]]
*U.S. Senator [[Robert Taft]] of [[Ohio]]
*Political theorist [[Russell Kirk]]
*U.S. Senator [[Paul Fannin]] of [[Arizona]]<ref>[https://www.govtrack.us/congress/members/paul_fannin/403975 Sen. Paul Fannin]. ''GovTrack.us''. Retrieved May 15, 2021.</ref>
*[[Paul Weyrich]], founder of the Free Congress Foundation and co-founder of the Heritage Foundation and the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC).
*Congressman and [[Vice President]] nominee [[Jack Kemp]]
*Commentator [[Pat Buchanan]]
*Columnist and economist [[Thomas Sowell]]
*Former [[Alabama]] Supreme Court Chief Justice [[Roy Moore]]
*[[Saint Paul|St. Paul]], author of the largest number of letters in the [[New Testament]] and a [[conservative]] hardliner on many issues.

{{TOC left}}{{clear}}

== Honorable Mention ==

* [[Stephen Miller]], top advisor to President [[Donald Trump]]
*U.S. Senator [[Jesse Helms]] of [[North Carolina]]
* Supreme Court Justice [[Clarence Thomas]]
* President [[Ronald Reagan]]
* Attorney General and Alabama U.S. Senator [[Jeff Sessions]]
* Former Governor of [[Alaska]] [[Sarah Palin]]
* [[Ken Cuccinelli]], [[Attorney General]] of [[Virginia]]
* U.S. Senator [[Rand Paul]] of [[Kentucky]]
* U.S. Senator [[Ted Cruz]] of [[Texas]]
* U.S. Senator [[Joni Ernst]] of [[Iowa]]
* Former U.S. Representative for [[Minnesota]]'s 6th District, [[Michele Bachmann]]
* U.S. Representative for [[Iowa]]'s 4th District, [[Steve King]]
* U.S. Representative for [[Ohio]]'s 4th District, [[Jim Jordan]]
* Heritage President and former Senator [[Jim DeMint]] of [[South Carolina]]
* Talk-radio host [[Rush Limbaugh]]
* Activist [[Alan Keyes]]
* Columnist [[Ann Coulter]]
* Columnist and blogger [[Michelle Malkin]]
* Commentator and TV anchor [[Sean Hannity]]
* Commentator and TV anchor [[Tucker Carlson]]
* U.S. Representative for [[Georgia]]'s 9th District, [[Doug Collins]]
* U.S. Senator [[Marsha Blackburn]] of [[Tennessee]]
* Activist and executive [[Steve Bannon]]
*Supreme Court Justice [[Antonin Scalia]]
*[[Howard Phillips]]
*Author [[William F. Buckley]]

==America First Agenda Movement Conservatives==
===Trump Administration===
*[[Donald Trump]]
*[[Michael Flynn]]
*[[Steve Bannon]]
*[[Sebastian Gorka]]
*[[Mark Meadows]] (Resigned from the House to join the Trump Administration)
*[[Ben Carson]]
===Senate===
*[[Marsha Blackburn]]
*[[Ted Cruz]]
*[[Josh Hawley]]
*[[Cindy Hyde-Smith]]
*[[John Neely Kennedy]]
*[[Cynthia Lummis]]
*[[Roger Marshall]]
*[[Rand Paul]]
*[[Tommy Tuberville]]
===Former Representatives===
*[[Doug Collins]]
*[[Steve King]]
*[[Ron Wright]]

===House of Representatives===
*[[Barry Moore]]
*[[Mo Brooks]] - Will run for Senator of Alabama
*[[Andy Biggs]]
*[[Paul Gosar]]
*[[Debbie Lesko]]
*[[Tom McClintock]]
*[[Lauren Boebert]]
*[[Matt Gaetz]]
*[[Kat Cammack]]
*[[Greg Steube]]
*[[Byron Donalds]]
*[[Andrew Clyde]]
*[[Jody Hice]] - Retiring to unseat RINO [[Brad Raffensberger]] as Georgia Secretary of State
*[[Marjorie Taylor Greene]]
*[[Mary Miller]]
*[[Jim Banks]]
*[[Thomas Massie]]
*[[James Comer]]
*[[Andy Harris]]
*[[Matt Rosendale]]
*[[Yvette Herrell]]
*[[Dan Bishop]]
*[[Ted Budd]] - Will run for Senator of North Carolina
*[[Jim Jordan]]
*[[Warren Davidson]]
*[[Scott Perry]]
*[[Jeff Duncan]]
*[[Diana Harshbarger]]
*[[John Rose]]
*[[Mark E. Green]]
*[[Louie Gohmert]]
*[[Lance Gooden]]
*[[Ronny Jackson]]
*[[Randy Weber]]
*[[Chip Roy]]
*[[Bob Good]]
*[[Alex Mooney]]

===Others===
*[[Ron DeSantis]] - Incumbent Governor of Florida
*[[Eric Greitens]] - Former Missouri Governor running to replace Retiring RINO [[Roy Blunt]]
*[[Tucker Carlson]]
*[[Kelly Tshibaka]] - Challenging RINO Senator [[Lisa Murkowski]]
*[[J.D. Vance]] - Likely Republican to replace outgoing RINO incumbent [[Rob Portman]], Vance is a story of success. He lived with his drug abusing and physically abusive parents. Then he credits his grandparents for rescuing him and turning his life around. Vance then joined the Marine Corps then he got into Yale Law School and then he pinned his famous book, Hillbilly Elegy.
*[[Sean Parnell (Pennsylvania Politician)]] - Running for nomination to replace retiring RINO incumbent [[Pat Toomey]]
*[[Kelli Ward]]
*[[Joe Kent]] - Primary Challenger to RINO [[Jaime Herrera Beutler]]
*[[Martin Hyde]] - Challenger to RINO [[Vern Buchanan]]
*[[Chuck Gray]] - member of the Wyoming House of Representatives, running against [[Liz Cheney]]

==See also==
*[[Conservative Movement]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{communism}}
{{Conservatism}}
[[Category:Conservative]]
[[Category:Movement Conservatives]]

Essay:Worst Liberal Movies

2021-06-16T18:09:37Z

Hfhff:

[[File:Trump-tweet-hollywood-and-hunt-movie (1).jpg|right|359px|]]
NOTE: We at Conservapedia do not care if a movie is considered a "classic" or that it's a famous movie that many people have nostalgia for. If it has liberal elements and/or the creators of a certain movie had some liberal agenda in mind when they crafted the story's narrative, we will call it out. Just because people love movies doesn't mean that Hollywood isn't trying to push a liberal agenda with them.

While a good amount of [[Essay:Greatest Conservative Movies|great conservative films]] are produced every year, [[Hollywood values|Hollywood]] continues to produce films that attempt to normalize and aggrandize amoral lifestyles and liberal bias. Below is a list of some of the more outrageous examples:

==Politically liberal live-action films==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Film
!Year
!Rating
!Comments
!Gross (Domestic)
|-
|''The 5th Wave''
|2016
|PG-13
|The military consists of evil aliens in what was overall a failed franchise that couldn't get on the recent young adult book-to-film bandwagon.
|$34,912,982
|-
|''Alien'' Franchise
|1979-2017
|R
|This pro-feminist, anti-capitalist film franchise was originated by atheist Ridley Scott. The first film was proven to be alarmingly similar to the 1965 film ''Planet of the Vampires'',<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IzToy-Tjz5g</ref> but since it fitted the left's agenda, they didn't care and gave it biased reviews anyway. The second film, ''Aliens'', is an anti-Vietnam statement<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T543J2L-gXU</ref> and, just like its predecessor, copies another previous feature (in this case, the 1954 film ''Them!''<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SVoX-C9J4Zk</ref>).
|$515,930,723 (all together)
|-
|''All the Way''
|2016
|TV-14
|The 2016 HBO film based on the presidency of Democrat [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] is a good example of a historical revisionist film, palatable for liberals' regressive dominion of the media. Liberals seized the opportunity with the film to distort history in order to hold Johnson in high regard and also ignored many of the President's faults, including his racism, the War on Poverty and how it created a welfare state which, by design, destroyed untold numbers of African American families.
|
|-
|''American Psycho''
|2000
|R
|Don't be fooled by the false patriotic title. It's the most [[Anti-American]] film you'll ever see because it attempts to pass an Investment Banker off as a secret serial killer.<ref>https://www.dailyscript.com/scripts/American_Psycho_Harron_Turner.html</ref><ref>https://www.wallstreetoasis.com/finance-dictionary/what-is-mergers-acquisitions</ref>
|$15,070,285
|-
|''Assault on Wall Street''
|2013
|R
|Uwe Boll (often referred to as the worst director of this generation and known for his furious, vulgar, and spiteful responses to negative reception)<ref>https://www.quora.com/Why-is-Uwe-Boll-considered-one-of-the-worst-film-directors-in-history</ref><ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-BvLQb2uwW4</ref> makes one of the most historically inaccurate modern films that blames capitalism for the [[Recession of 2008|Great Recession]] and the downfall of the everyday man's life. The film plays out like an angry middle school boy's fan fiction revenge story, in which all the bankers are summarily executed (as in the [[Russian Revolution]]). Boll has said how "We need to ****ing kill the rich", which only shows how uneducated he is.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qQJwEAqzFs4</ref>
|
|-
|''Apocalypse Now''
|1979
|R
|This overindulgent, anti-war diatribe portrays the American military as corrupt, incompetent [[drug addiction|drug-users]].
|$78,784,010
|-
|''Battleship Potemkin''
|1925
|NR
|This silent Communist film heralds the Soviet Revolt on the Tsarist Russian battleship ''Potemkin''. When mutinying, the sailors murder a Christian chaplain aboard, which is shown as an act of "heroism".
|N/A
|-
|''The Big Green''
|1995
|PG
|The movie had one of the characters blame "Reaganomics" for the lack of job opportunities in the town and also one of the team's players was an anchor baby. In the end, one of the coaches, who was a sheriff in Texas, was able to get the player and his illegal mother a way to stay. So it was also favorable toward illegal immigration.
|$17,736,619
|-
|''The Birth of a Nation''
|1915
|N/A
|This infamously racist film, the longest feature ever made at the time, begins by documenting the [[American Civil War]], then depicts the [[Ku Klux Klan]] as "heroes" who vanquish people of color, who are black racial stereotypes, from political positions and from their lawful right to vote (the KKK was founded by the Democrat Party, even though the Left has repeatedly tried denying the connection between the two). It was the first ever film to be shown at the White House under Democrat President [[Woodrow Wilson]], and it significantly influenced his already-racist core to segregate the White House and various departments.
|
|-
|''Blue State''
|2007
|R
|What looks like a romantic comedy actually encourages the false idea that [[liberalism]] must be established and conservatism abolished in America, as the main character follows up on his absurd vow to move to Canada if [[George W. Bush]] is re-elected president.
|
|-
|''Bob Roberts''
|1992
|R
|This anti-conservative propaganda piece, directed by leftist Tim Robbins and released during the 1992 election, has a similar premise to that of ''The Candidate'' and denigrates conservatives.
|$4,479,470
|-
|''Borat''
|2006
|R
|Liberal shock jock Sacha Baron Cohen falsely portrays American conservatives as uneducated racists.
|$67,800,000
|-
|''Borat 2''
|2020
|R
|Sacha Baron Cohen goes a step further making a pro-Biden propaganda film. He tries to blame [[COVID-19]] on [[Donald Trump]] and falsely accuses him of being a [[fascist]]. He makes matters worse when he harasses patriots like [[Mike Pence]] and [[Rudy Giuliani]] and falsely portrays them as pedophiles.
|
|-
|''Born on the Fourth of July''
|1989
|R
|This radically anti-[[Vietnam War]] biographical film was produced and directed by Communist sympathizer and twice wounded Vietnam War veteran Oliver Stone, starring Tom Cruise as paralyzed Vietnam War vet-turned-anti-Vietnam War leftist protester and Communist sympathizer [[Ron Kovic]].
|$70,001,698
|-
|''Bushwick''
|2017
|TV-MA
|The dystopian thriller features Red State dwellers (depicted as racist) declaring war on Hipster Brooklyn.
|N./A
|-
|''The Butler''
|2013
|PG-13
|[[Ronald Reagan]] is falsely portrayed as indifferent toward apartheid in South Africa; Nancy Reagan is played by anti-American traitor Jane Fonda, and staunch feminist Oprah Winfrey plays Cecil's wife.
|$116,632,095
|-
|''The Candidate''
|1972
|PG
|This "comedy" fails to be a political satire as it fails to lampoon both sides of the coin and supports [[George McGovern]] at every turn. It was released during the 1972 election year as a smear campaign against [[Richard Nixon]] and his conservative colleagues. Conservative star [[James Stewart]] refused to star in it for that reason.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0068334/trivia?ref_=tt_trv_trv</ref>
|
|-
|''[[Capitalism: A Love Story]]''
|2009
|PG-13
|Michael Moore, staying true to his propaganda film format, relentlessly attacks America's [[capitalist]] [[economy]] with claims of alleged financial inequality.
|$14,363,397
|-
|''Casualties of War''
|1989
|R
|This anti-Vietnam war statement film starring Sean Penn involves a gang of American soldiers raping a Vietnamese woman. This paints America soldiers as the bad guys while failing to acknowledge how the Viet Cong, Khmer Rouge, and other Communist Insurgents did the same thing to a far larger scale.
|$18,671,317
|-
|''Che''
|2008; 2009
|NR
|As implied by the name, the film is a two-part biopic for the Argentine Marxist terrorist and mass murderer [[Che Guevara]], who is treated sympathetically as a "martyr" for Communism.
|US$40.9 million
|-
|''The China Syndrome''
|1979
|PG
|A fictional [[nuclear power]] plant melts down. The film greatly over-hypes this risk of a [[nuclear accident]] (or meltdown) and the resultant damage. This film, along with the [[Three Mile Island]] incident (which occurred shortly after the film's release), are both credited for killing the nuclear power industry in America.
|$51,718,367
|-
|''A Clockwork Orange''
|1972
|X
|Revels in sex and violence and mocks Christian prison education. Depicts police as thugs recruited from street gangs.
|
|-
|''The Contender''
|2000
|R
|This film about the 2000 presidential election is little more than a pro-[[Al Gore]] propaganda piece by liberal studio executives and [[Hollywood values]]. Conservative star Gary Oldman also told IGN that the film was to supposed to be apolitical, but it was edited to vilify Republicans.<ref>http://www.ign.com/articles/2001/02/26/interview-with-gary-oldman</ref>
|$17,872,723
|-
|''Das Boot''
|1981
|R
|This anti-American war film looks at [[World War II]] from the Nazi perspective.
|$11,487,676
|-
|''Day of the Dead''
|1985
|R
|Liberal scientists who plan to tame zombies are the "heroes", while the common sense conservative soldiers (whose plan is to euthanize them all) are the "villains".
|$5,000,000
|-
|''Dawn of the Dead''
|1978
|R
|Besides containing outbursts of graphic violence, this stand-alone sequel to George A. Romero's ''Night of the Living Dead'' is against capitalism because the consumers are zombies.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9487PyyblpQ</ref> The 2004 Zack Snyder-directed remake abandoned this.
|$55 million
|-
|''Dead Man Walking''
|1995
|R
|It senselessly criticizes [[capital punishment]] with an ending that left some liberal viewers even more confused.
|$39,363,635
|-
|''The Devil's Backbone''
|2001
|R
|Promotes the Communistic Spanish Loyalists in the Spanish Civil War as "good guys" while demonizing [[Francisco Franco]]'s forces. These themes, promoted by Marxist director Guillermo del Toro, were later expanded upon in ''Pan's Labyrinth''.
|US$6.5 million
|-
|''[[The Dictator]]''
|2012
|R
|A Middle Easterner takes over America in this raunchy, vulgar "comedy" straining for controversy.
|$59,650,222
|-
|''Dogville''
|2003
|R
|An [[Anti-American]] propaganda film.
|$16,680,836
|-
|''Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb''
|1964
|NR
|Loosely based on Peter George's 1958 thriller novel ''Red Alert'', this black comedy is against war, the military, and nuclear weaponry and tries to downplay the seriousness of Cold War-era fears of a nuclear apocalypse.
|$9.4 million in North America
|-
|''The East is Red''
|1964
|NR
|A Communist Chinese dance epic made during the Cultural Revolution. This was made with direct input of Mao Zedong himself. The film depicts Mao as the "savior" of China, and has many typical pro-Communist messages one would expect.
|Unknown
|-
|''The Eternal Jew''
|1940
|NR
|This anti-Semitic Nazi propaganda film was made with direct input from Adolf Hitler, who made sure the anti-Semitism was as blunt and direct as possible. Most audiences were shocked at the crudity of the messages.
|Unknown
|-
|''Fahrenheit 9/11''
|2004
|R
|A [[Michael Moore]] movie, which distorts the tangential link between the [[Bush]] family and the [[Bin Laden]] family. The title was also taken from ''[[Fahrenheit 451]]'', a book that warned people about book burnings, proving that not only do liberals steal titles from other works, but aren't even creative on how to have the titles directly connect to their works.
|$119,194,771
|-
|''Fair Game''
|2010
|PG-13
|Another Bush bash flick starring [[Communist]] Sean Penn. 2010 film rehashes the lead up to the [[Iraq War|war in Iraq]] and [[Valerie Plame]]'s role. It's a typical un-American Hollywood film with "The narrative that [[Karl Rove]] and [[Dick Cheney]]'s Chief of Staff [[Scooter Libby]] were nefarious behind-the-scenes players intent on destroying innocent reputations while pushing the nation into war on false pretenses." There's also no mention of Iraq Liberation Act which was signed by [[Bill Clinton]] five years before the war in Iraq.
|$9,540,691
|-
|''Fire Down Below''
|1997
|R
|Steven Seagal plays a Gary Stu-like role in this environmentalist feature.
|$16,228,448
|-
|''[[Frost/Nixon]]''
|2008
|R
|As implied by the title, it attempts to further tarnish the reputation of [[Richard Nixon]].
|$18,622,031
|-
|''Game Change''
|2012
|Not Rated
|[[Liberal]] haters play [[conservative]]s in an [[HBO]] film about [[Sarah Palin]]. Many debunked controversies are highlighted in the plot. Both [[John McCain|McCain]] and Palin denounced the film and called it fiction.
|NA - TV
|-
|''God Bless America''
|2011
|R
|Despite its name the movie is a rip-off of the conservative film ''Falling Down'', this "comedy" has a miserable man and his foul-mouthed [[nihilist]] girl sidekick summary executes [[Tea Party]] members, a Fox News like-host, Christians, and other conservative stereotypes.
|$123,000
|-
|''The Good Shepherd''
|2006
|R
|Despite covering the founding of the CIA, the film was extremely anti-CIA in its messaging, where it doubles down on making the CIA look as bad as possible and overemphasizes on CIA failures such as the Bay of Pigs invasion and their experimenting with LSD, while conveniently ignoring the crimes the KGB and similar intelligence agencies within the Soviet bloc.<ref>https://pjmedia.com/lifestyle/2013/8/9/the-5-most-destructive-political-ideas-in-matt-damons-movies/</ref>
|$99.5 million
|-
|''Green Zone''
|2010
|R
|Is extremely anti-War on Terror to such an extent that it comes across as blatantly anti-American, as it repeats the falsehood that Pentagon officials lied about there being WMDs in Iraq simply so they could gin up a war in the Middle East (completely ignoring that various other intelligence agencies, including even France, a country that didn't even want a War with Iraq, acknowledging that Saddam had WMDs), and even had the main villain, who was modeled after Donald Rumsfeld, sending assassination teams against those in the know about the conspiracy. The film even went as far as to portray Iraqi terrorists as the "good guys". The film was also notorious as being Universal Studios' biggest box office bomb as a result.<ref>https://pjmedia.com/lifestyle/2013/8/9/the-5-most-destructive-political-ideas-in-matt-damons-movies/3/</ref>
|$94.9 million
|-
|''Heaven's Gate''
|1980
|R
|This notorious box office bomb comes from Marxist filmmaker Michael Cimino portrays America as the villain in the Johnson County War and has an anti-capitalist rhetoric and features a pro-illegal immigration message. Furthermore, it glamorizes prostitution and adultery.
|
|-
|''Hidden Agenda''
|1990
|R
|Depicts the [[IRA]] oppressed freedom fighters while painting the Unionists as monsters. The film also doesn't speak highly of [[Margaret Thatcher]] either.
|
|-
|''The Hunt''
|2020
|TBA
|Upcoming thriller film, based in part on the 1924 short story ''The Most Dangerous Game'' but given a modern political twist, focusing on conservatives from different walks of life being rounded up and hunted for sport by rich elitist liberals. Wikipedia claims in its article about the movie that it is "satire" and, in the article, stated that the movie drew criticism from members of the conservative media as an "alleged" portrayal of liberals hunting supporters of Donald Trump (with the term "alleged" inserted in the article in an attempt to brush off and dismiss said criticism), but it is simply Hollywood elites engaging in thinking out loud about what they wish to do to those who don't agree with or support their leftist political/social groupthink. The movie drew high-profile criticism from none other than President Trump, who used it to criticize Hollywood for its racism, hatred and promotion of violence in the media, which it then uses inflammatorily to blame others and create chaos,<ref>[https://www.breitbart.com/entertainment/2019/08/09/donald-trump-thunders-against-racist-hollywood-they-create-violence-then-try-to-blame-others/ Donald Trump Thunders Against Racist Hollywood: "They Create Violence, Then Try to Blame Others"] at Breitbart News Network</ref> while conservative author [[David Horowitz]] called for the movie not to be released, stating that it may serve only to incite easily-influenced leftists to commit violence.<ref>[https://www.newsmax.com/newsmax-tv/david-horowitz-racism-the-hunt-liberal/2019/08/08/id/927939/ David Horowitz to Newsmax TV: Left Seeks to 'Exterminate'] at Newsmax</ref> The movie was subsequently withdrawn from release by distributor Universal Pictures in the wake of the recent mass shootings in [[El Paso Walmart shooting|El Paso]] and [[Dayton nightclub shooting|Dayton]].<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XcJGfYiUDDE Universal Studios pulls the movie ''The Hunt''] at Fox News YouTube channel</ref> It was eventually recut, with the trailers making clear that the rich elitist liberals are intended to be the villains.<ref>https://www.oneangrygamer.net/2020/02/the-hunt-returns-with-a-trailer-making-it-known-liberal-elites-are-the-bad-guys/102988/</ref>
|TBA
|-
|''I, Tonya''
|2017
|R
|History revisionist film that paints criminal Tonya Harding as a victim, reframing the narrative around her implication in the crime of attacking Nancy Kerrigan as justfied.<ref>https://amp.usatoday.com/amp/971183001</ref><ref>https://www.oregonlive.com/trending/2018/01/i_nauseated_the_oregonians_for.html</ref> There's also an anti-family theme as well as Harding's mother is protarayed as psycholically abusive, despite the fact that she was nothing like that in real life.<ref>https://people.com/movies/tonya-harding-mother-monster-friend/</ref>
|$53 million
|-
|''Independence Day: Resurgence''
|2016
|R
|Although it is the sequel to the patriotic and to a certain extent conservative film ''Independence Day'', it does not at all reference the concepts of patriotism, American exceptionalism, or even national sovereignty. Instead, most of the movie seems to support globalism, and Doctor Okun is revealed to be a homosexual despite such never being implied in the original film. Forced multicultural elements are present as well.
|$389.7 million
|-
|''JFK''
|1991
|R
|This historically inaccurate account on President John F. Kennedy's assassination serves liberal filmmaker Oliver Stone's insanely fanatic conspiracy theories. For example, the filmmaker pinpoints the blame to the "real murder" of Kennedy: the conservative politicians, the U.S. Military, and then-Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson, all of whom want America to go to war in Vietnam because Kennedy rejected the American involvement. Stone described the film as a "counter-myth" to the Warren Commission's "fictional myth."
|$70,405,498
|-
|''Lolita'' (1997 film)
|1997
|R
|The second film to be based on Vladimir Nabokov's infamous novel, the first being by Stanley Kubrick. However, in contrast to the very tame Kubrick version (limited only by the censorship of it's day), this version indulges with the gratuitous sexuality that made the book so controversial. The story portrays the relationship of Lolita and Humbert as a beautiful romance. Also, as implied by the tagline of the film's poster, the main message is that "Age is Just a Number".
|$1.1 million
|-
|''The Lone Ranger''
|2013
|PG-13
|This attack on [[capitalist]]s and the [[military]] portrays the former as ruthless, greedy railroad executives and the latter as "thugs" who support their actions. It distorts the messages of its source material by displaying the [[Lone Ranger]], shown to be a smart intellectual character in the original TV and radio serials, as dumbfounded and unintelligent, instead featuring his sidekick [[Tonto]] (played by [[liberal]] [[marijuana|pot]]-smoker [[Johnny Depp]]) not only as the "star" of the film but as the Lone Ranger's "voice of reason", too.
|$89,302,115
|-
|''Love, Simon''
|2018
|PG-13
|This coming-of-age film is an attempt by Hollywood to create a "family friendly", pseudo-conservative take on the gay romance genre. While in theory this sounds less objectionable than most offerings of this kind, it could also be considered more deceptive and dangerous. This is because it obscures the uglier, raunchier aspects of the gay lifestyle in order to create a very misleading, "heartwarming" fantasy of gay life and relationships.
|$66.3 million
|-
|''The Magnificent Seven'' (2016 film)
|2016
|PG-13
|This remake of a Western about seven [[vigilante]] gunfighters out to save a peaceful Mexican farming village from marauders (itself an adaptation of the Japanese cinematic classic ''Seven Samurai'') suits the left agenda, as capitalists are the "villains".<ref>http://missliberty.com/magnificent-seven-remake-is-angry-radical-fantasy/</ref>
|$93,145,387
|-
|''Manderlay''
|2003
|R
|[[James Caan]] refused to star in this anti-American sequel to ''Dogville'', describing director Lars von Trier as anti-American and stated that he himself is an "ultra-conservative".
|$674,918
|-
|''The Matrix'' series
|1999 (''[[The Matrix]]''); 2003 (''The Matrix Reloaded'' and ''The Matrix Revolutions''); 2021 (Matrix 4)
|R
|A hacker discovers his world is a replica of the world as it was before a cataclysmic future event in which intelligent machines took over humanity, so he joins a resistance to end the machines' reign. Despite this salvation narrative, the whole trilogy glorifies anarchism and [[nihilism]] (even including a brief nod to [[Jean Baudrillard]]'s "On Nihilism" chapter from Simulacra and Simulation), hinting several times towards a pro-Communist, anti-American (with one scene in the first film, when Thomas Anderson meets Agent Smith, having Anderson's dossier listing Anderson as hailing from "FU, USA" which not-so-subtly is meant to say "[Censored] You, USA"), [[anti-Christian]] view. The second film's Architect scene tries to give a "devastating critique/twist" to salvation myths, with the Architect as a malevolent allegorical substitute for the Christian [[God]]. In this same scene, a panel of screens implicitly compares [[George W. Bush]] to Hitler during a discussion of evil in the world, and it features wars and conflicts specifically involving America. In fact, far-[[leftist|Left]] [[race-baiting]] scholar Cornel West was hired to play a role in the film specifically because the [[The Wachowskis|Wachowski Brothers]] (as they were known at the time) were influenced by his pro-socialist/Communist and anti-American rhetoric. The first film's throwaway dialogue between the main villain Agent Smith and the treasonous freedom fighter Cipher is a shallow attempt at insulting [[Ronald Reagan]] because Smith implies that Cipher will become the next Ronald Reagan should he succeed in betraying his allies to the agents. The trilogy's overall depiction of religion is closer to Gnosticism, even with Neo, the main protagonist, presented as a savior-figure. The Wachowskis openly admitted in an interview that they deliberately modeled the entire story after Friedrich Nietzche's writings.<ref>http://www.equip.org/article/the-matrix-unloaded-revelations/</ref><ref>Peter Bart, “Cracking the Wachowski’s Code,” Variety.com, May 25, 2003.</ref> The trilogy has been cited as the cause for various murders, ultimately leading to a variant of the [[insanity defense]] known as the Matrix Defense<ref>https://www.cnn.com/2003/LAW/05/21/ctv.matrix.insanity/</ref>, and it shares similar themes to the [[Worst Liberal Video Games|Worst Liberal Video Game]] ''Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty'' because Hideo Kojima confessed that he intended to use the same themes for the game.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130328062143/http://www.gamespot.com/news/hideo-kojima-speaks-about-the-matrix-2448486</ref> A fourth movie was announced to be in the works.<ref>https://www.oneangrygamer.net/2019/08/the-wachowskis-announce-the-matrix-4-is-in-the-works/91350/</ref> The movies overall had several hints at a Marxist (and even Maoist) outlook,<ref>http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/bloggers/1408419/posts?page=1</ref> which was later confirmed by Larry Wachowski, or rather, Lilly Wachowski, who stated that "she" created the trilogy "out of a lot of anger and a lot of rage, and it's rage at capitalism and corporatized structure and forms of oppression.", as well as overall as an extension of "her" angst at the "oppression" of [[Gender confusion|being born male instead of female]].<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/lilly-wachowski-shares-how-matrix-franchise-was-inspired-by-rage-oppression-before-transition-1296914</ref>
| $592,370,339 (all together)
|-
|''Midnight in Paris''
|2011
|PG-13
|The main character, a liberal author, is open-minded and intellectual. He has an unsuccessful relationship with a woman whose family is Republican and are depicted as being "materialistic", "selfish", "narrow-minded" and "hateful" towards any country that is not the United States.
|$56,816,662
|-
|''Milk''
|2008
|R
|Sean Penn portrays openly homosexual politician [[Harvey Milk]] in this biography.
|$31,841,299
|-
|''The Motorcycle Diaries''
|2004
|R
|Walter Salles directs this fawning monument to [[Communist]] terrorist and mass murderer [[Che Guevara]].
|$16,781,387
|-
|''Mulan''
|2020
|PG
|The live action remake of the animated film of the same name. It ends up doubling down on the feminist rhetoric from the original, implies big government is good, and is particularly infamous for being a blatant example of Disney's current management's hypocrisy where they refuse to do business over Georgia, yet not only worked with China to develop the film (including censorships), but also went as far as to specifically cooperate with various departments of the Xijiping province that held authority over concentration camps. The lead actress for the film even sang praises for the Communist Party during the latter's crackdowns on Democracy demonstrators in Hong Kong during filming.
|
|-
|''The Naked Gun 2½: The Smell of Fear''
|1991
|15
|The more openly liberal sequel to the apolitical ''The Naked Gun: From the Files of Police Squad!'' pushes environmentalism and attacks productive businesses, especially the oil industry.
|$86,930,411
|-
|''[[Night of the Living Dead]]''
|1968
|R
|This independent horror abomination by George A. Romero vilifies [[nuclear energy]], as nuclear fallout from an exploding space probe in Earth's atmosphere is said to be the cause of the recently deceased becoming reanimated. In addition, it negatively portrays police officers as racist: a group of officers kills Ben, the African American protagonist, when they mistake him for one of the dead, which Romero intentionally chose to have happen to accuse the police of being behind racial lynchings. Had two [[sequel]]s , ''Dawn of the Dead'' (1978 Italian) and ''Day of the Dead'' (1985).
|
|-
|''Nixon''
|1995
|R
|This historically inaccurate biography of [[Richard Nixon]] is directed by liberal filmmaker [[Oliver Stone]].
|$13,681,765
|-
|''Okja''
|2017
|N/A
|This environmentalist propaganda piece vilifies capitalists and essentially plagiarizes the Buster Keaton classic ''Go West''.
|
|-
|''On Deadly Ground''
|1994
|R
|The film demonizes the oil industry as greedy and unsympathetic while praising the [[EPA]].
|$38,590,458
|-
|''Pan's Labyrinth''
|2006
|R
|Aside from it promoting paganism and the occult, it also demonized [[Francisco Franco]]'s Spain and promoted the Spanish Republicans from the Spanish Civil War due to it being made by Marxist director [[Guillermo del Toro]].<ref>https://www.richardsilverstein.com/2007/01/19/pans-labyrinth-allegory-of-spanish-civil-war/</ref>
|$83.3 million
|-
|''Platoon''
|1986
|R
|Anti-Vietnam War and anti-American war film which depicts most of the American soldiers as psychopathic war criminals, while the "good" soldiers smoke marijuana, and also depicts the NVA as sympathetic. Was also made by the far-left filmmaker Oliver Stone, who in an especially shameful element of irony and hypocrisy was himself a Vietnam veteran.
|$6 million
|-
|''The Post''
|2017
|R
|An obvious promotion of the leaking of the ''[[Pentagon Papers]]''. It treats the liberal journalists who committed the leaking in a positive light, while depicting Nixon in a negative light (despite Nixon never being responsible for the Pentagon Papers in the first place, and it being done under the auspices of Democrats JFK and LBJ).
|$179.8 million
|-
| ''The Purge (series)
|2013, 2014, 2016, 2018
|R
|Movie featuring gratuitous graphic violence, and normalization of violent degenerate behavior. It is based on a political movement called the "New Found Fathers of America, which is a reformation of the Republican party. This can be based on the fact that a majority of the people that played roles for characters of the "NFFA" are white and old, which is what Liberals see as the Republican party. The protagonists are what would generally be considered by the Democrats to be people who would vote for them (black, hispanic, asian, women, etc.)
|$446.8 million
|-
|''Recount''
|2008
|Not Rated
|The 2008 [[HBO]] movie on the [[United States presidential election, 2000|2000 Presidential election]] and its aftermath in [[Florida]], presented from a [[Liberal bias|liberal-biased]] viewpoint. A look into how [[Democrats]] and their [[Mainstream media|liberal media]] supporters claim the [[Republicans]] "stole" the [[election]] and the alleged role of its party members that the Democrats claim "made it happen" (although in reality, it was the Democrats themselves who tried to steal the election for their candidate [[Al Gore]] [[United States presidential election, 2000#Recount|by attempting to commit vote fraud in Florida through ordering selective recounts in Democrat-friendly areas while ignoring Republican-strong areas]], only to be stopped when the US Supreme Court ruled the Democrats' end-run attempt around election rules to be illegal). Republicans are portrayed as ghoulish and cited as manufacturing demonstrations. Both the real [[Warren Christopher]] and [[James Baker]] contend the film's portrayal of the former is hopelessly untrue.
|NA - TV
|-
|''Redacted''
|2007
|R
|Brian De Palma’s 2007 fictional anti-Iraq War film funded by Mark Cuban. The film is credited with inspiring a [[terrorist]] attack that killed two U.S. servicemen in [[Germany]].
|$65,388
|-
|''Red Joan''
|2019
|PG-13
|Based on the life of Communist traitor Melita Norwood, who gave up schematics on the British nuclear weapons program to the KGB. The film may be vaguely anti-Stalinist, but is pro-Communist, anti-Cold War, and anti-Western. Near the end of the movie, when the woman's son accuses her of betraying her country, she insists that somehow she is the real patriot. It's also pro-feminist, as male characters are portrayed as supposedly belittling her, encouraging her to serve tea and do laundry, and rather than leaving these insignificances out of the story, the movie portrays it as integral to the plot when she supposedly tricked the British police into thinking she was stupid and asking them if they wanted tea, though that part of the story is in all likelihood inaccurate and never even happened. Also, the decision by United States President Harry Truman to drop two atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in order to end the Second World War is strongly condemned, and to an extent, is demonized. At the end of the movie, she arrogantly says ''twice'', "I was right." "Right" to give Joseph Stalin, the most evil man in history, instructions to build nuclear weapons? She refers to the fact that sharing the nuclear weapons secrets prevented the Cold War from turning hot, and while the situation of M.A.D. (Mutually Assured Destruction) prevented such an occurrence, there never even would have been a Cold War if Stalin had never acquired nuclear weapons, or otherwise the U.S. would have won a lot sooner. The movie also implied that the tactics of the British police and MI5 were similar to the KGB. Imagine a film had been released portraying Jakiw Palij, the last ex-Nazi in the United States, who was deported by President Donald Trump to Germany, in such a sympathetic fashion. Just more communist propaganda from Hollywood.
|$9,800,000
|-
|''Reds''
|1981
|PG
|As a biographical film on the life of notorious American [[Communist]] journalist John Reed, ''Reds'' is a sentimental and overly romanticized portrait of [[Communism]], [[humanism]], and [[anarchism]].
|$40,382,659
|-
|''Red State''
|2011
|R
|Some of the most disgusting hate-filled liberal propaganda ever filmed, at least in the Obama era when America supposedly became a "center-left" nation. Starring John Goodman and a cast of nobodies. The film is premised on the idea that Red States are populated by the likes of anti-gay followers of an allegorical preacher in the vein of [[Fred Phelps]] of the [[Westboro Baptist Church]] who performs ritual murder on gays ''ala'' [[Matthew Shepard]]. John Goodman of the [[ATF]] leads the federal government cavalry to the rescue evoking the glorious image of the Clinton era [[Waco massacre]]. Critics called it one of the director's "Twitter rants fleshed out into film with equal portions of bile sprayed at both church and state"; "Messy, overwritten, ...kind of a bore....it's not a horror movie by any usual definition. More like teen horror movie morphs into Waco disaster"; "fails onscreen and off at its world premiere ... A shoddy film and a bait-and-switch event fail to satisfy on any level"; "it's clear that the smart alec writer still has some things to learn about making a great film." Red State won the Best Motion Picture award at the 2011 Sitges Film Festival, while Michael Parks was named Best Actor.
|$1.1 million domestically (- $2.2 million loss over its $4 million budget)
|-
|''The Return of the Living Dead''
|1985
|R
|In another stand-alone sequel to ''Night of the Living Dead'', the military is supposedly responsible for the release of a toxin that turns people into zombies. The military is also shown to be inconstant, as they "fix" this by nuking the city of zombies. An anti-[[Ronald Reagan|Reagan]] statement some may say (the Left feared that Reagan would create nuclear holocaust, which is present in this film).
|$14,237,880
|-
|''Robocop''
|1987
|R
|Left-wing smut-peddler Paul Verhoeven's failed attempt to depict all police forces and corporations as evil. It also contains an [[environmentalism|environmentalist]] message with the "6000 SUX," a car that pollutes and guzzles gas for no other reason than to be environmentally unfriendly. Verhoeven is also a member of the Liberal [[Jesus Seminar]], which also inspired him to make the movie a grotesque parody of Christ's resurrection.
|
|-
|''Sacco e Vanzetti''
|1971
|UR
|As implied by the title, the film acts as a biopic of the anarchist murderers [[Sacco and Vanzetti]], with them being portrayed in a sympathetic light. In addition, the [[Essay:Worst Liberal Song|Worst Liberal Song]] "Here's to You", also dealing with the two anarchists in a similar light, was released with this movie as part of its soundtrack.
|N/A
|-
|''Shoot 'Em Up''
|2007
|R
|An anti-second amendment film, the so-called "hero" is a [[nihilist]] and the "villains" are trying to defend gun rights and the Second Amendment.
|$12,807,139
|-
|''Short Circuit''
|1986
|PG (Should be PG-13)
|On top of just being an blatant ''E.T.'' rip-off, ''Short Circuit'' also downgrades the military (or the Reagan Administration in general).
|$40,697,761
|-
|''[[SiCKO]]''
|2007
|PG-13
|Another Michael Moore film which spread many falsehoods about American [[healthcare]] while unduly glorifying the so-called benefits of [[socialized medicine]] such as now found in [[Obamacare]]. Memorably referred to [[Cuba]]n healthcare as being "better" than American healthcare.
|$24,540,079
|-
|''The Siege''
|1998
|R
|Don't be fooled by the fact that Bruce Willis is in it. Willis plays the antagonist, an Army general who institutes martial law in New York City after a wave of terrorist attacks. Portrays Muslims as the "victims" while demonizing the military.
|$40,932,372
|-
|''Star Trek: Into Darkness''
|2013
|PG-13
|Aside from it being a blatant ripoff on ''Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan'' in terms of plotline, the film also has several anti-War on Terror messages, as indicated by both Benedict Cumberbatch and Simon Pegg.<ref>https://pjmedia.com/lifestyle/2014/2/22/4-ways-star-trek-into-darkness-shills-for-surrender-in-the-war-on-terror/</ref>
|$467.4 million
|-
|''Süss the Jew''
|1940
|NR
|Anti-Semitic Nazi propaganda film, that was notorious for it successfully pushing the anti-Semitic agenda throughout Nazi Germany via a subtle method.
|Unknown.
|-
|''Syriana''
|2005
|R
|Is anti-War on Terror, with the film heavily implying that Saudi Arabia was in the middle of liberal reforms that America interfered with due to oil businessmen (despite the exact opposite being true).<ref>https://pjmedia.com/lifestyle/2013/8/9/the-5-most-destructive-political-ideas-in-matt-damons-movies/4/</ref>
|$94 million
|-
|''They Live''
|1988
|R
|Capitalists are portrayed as evil aliens planning to rule the world. The director John Carpenter also claimed in interviews that the film was anti-[[Ronald Reagan]]<ref>http://herocomplex.latimes.com/movies/john-carpenter-they-live-was-about-giving-the-finger-to-reagan/#/0</ref>
|$13,008,928
|-
|''The Thomas Crown Affair''
|1968
|R
|Supports the claim that capitalism causes crime.
| $14 million
|-
|''Tomorrowland''
|2015
|PG
|Don't let the fact that the film had basis on the theme park proposed by [[Walt Disney]] fool you. The film was anti-capitalist and pro-liberal/progressive values propaganda with it pushing the exact opposite messages that Disney himself wanted to impart. Bill Whittle, when reviewing the film, even mentioned that had he still been alive and saw the film, Disney would most likely have torn up his proposal for [[Disneyland]] and proceeded to drink himself to death in despair of what the film claimed his idea was.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gmxeoh69G4o</ref>
|$209.2 million
|-
|''Tout va Bien''
|1972
|NR
|[[Jane Fonda]] "art film" directed by [[Jean-Luc Godard]], who was notoriously anti-American and idolized [[Karl Marx]], is nothing more than a propaganda film for Communism, as it sympathizes with the youths who partook in the [[May 1968 riots|May 1968 Communist uprisings]] in [[France]] and features blunt anti-American imagery.
|
|-
|''Triumph of the Will''
|1935
|N/A
|The world's most infamous Nazi propaganda film (even though the Left denies it, the Nazis were in truth left wing National Socialists).
|
|-
|''Trumbo''
|2015
|R
|Dalton Trumbo, one of the Hollywood Ten who was jailed for his Communist beliefs, is portrayed as a free-speech martyr, and a "champion" of the First Amendment. All of his controversial beliefs are whitewashed, including his support of Lenin, Hitler (until the Nazi-Soviet Pact fell), Kim Il-Sung, and, of course, Stalin. Conversely, anti-Communists such as John Wayne, Hedda Hopper, Robert Taylor, Roy Brewer, the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), and the Motion Picture Alliance for the Preservation of American Ideals (MPA) are falsely portrayed as "hateful", "oppressive", and anti-free-speech.
|$7,857,741
|-
|''Truth''
|2015
|R
|Highly fictionalized political docudrama about the Killian documents controversy meant to further tarnish the reputation of [[George W. Bush]]. The film was not approved by then-current CBS President and CEO Leslie Moonves and CBS refused to air advertisements for the film due to its, as the network stated, "inaccuracies and distortions".
|$2,541,854
|-
|''V for Vendetta''
|2005
|R
|Blatantly glorifies [[anarchism]], [[socialism]], [[Communism]] and [[homosexuality]].
|$70,511,035
|-
|''Vice''
|2018
|R
|Made by Socialist filmmaker Adam McKay, this movie exists solely to ridicule American patriot [[Dick Cheney]] and lies about his legacy, portraying him as an unlikable sociopath without morals.
|$75,500,000
|-
|''[[W.]]''
|2008
|PG-13
|A movie designed to denigrate the role of [[Christianity]] in U.S. [[politics]] and particularly in the life of [[George W. Bush]].
|$25,534,493
|-
|''White House Down''
|2013
|PG-13
|Mocks conservatives with a liberal plot twist that makes the [[TEA Party]] out to be "terrorists". This movie was made by uber-liberals to counter great conservative film; ''Olympus Has Fallen'', which depicts North Korean terrorists as the bad guys.
|$73,103,784
|-
|''Winchester''
|2018
|PG-13
|Based loosely on the Winchester Mystery House in San Jose, California. The film focuses more on its anti-gun message than the actual paranormal events.<ref>https://www.newyorker.com/culture/richard-brody/winchester-confronts-the-american-curse-of-firearms</ref>
|
|-
|''Z''
|1969
|R
|Liberal propaganda that blames the [[military]] for liberal wrongdoing.
|$14,283,305
|-
|''Battle for Haditha''
|2007
|R
|Film criticize American war against Islamic terrorism in Iraq. and showing American soldiers as monsters.
|$245,521
|-
|}

==Socially liberal live-action films==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Film
!Year
!Rating
!Comments
!Gross (Domestic)
|-
|''4 Months, 3 Weeks, and 2 Days''
|2007
|NR
|This Romanian film baselessly supports [[abortion]]. Liberals praised it when it won the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival.
|$1,198,208
|-
|''A Fish Called Wanda''
|1988
|R
|The protagonists are criminals, thieves and liars. One character even tires to kill an elderly lady, her being the only witness to the robbery. Also promotes infidelity, with the lawyer having an affair with one of the criminals, and ends up leaving his wife and daughter.
|$62,493,712
|-
|''The Abyss''
|1989
|PG-13
|From liberal atheist James Cameron, this film pushes the absurd claim that global warming is real and that the military is evil.
|$90,000,000
|-
|''Alita: Battle Angel''
|2019
|PG-13
|From producer James Cameron and director Robert Rodriguez, this film supports feminism, environmentalism, and illegal immigration and anti-capitalist, as the villains of the film are depicted as wealthy slavers who live above the poor ghettos, whereas the heroes are violent street thugs who hate money.
|$404,800,000
|-
|''American Pie''
|1999
|R
|The first installment of a long-running film franchise primarily dealing with teenage sex and alcohol relies on jokes about sex and bodily functions, even treating date rape as "funny".
|$102,561,004
|-
|''And Then We Danced''
|2019
|R
|This Swedish-[[Republic of Georgia|Georgian]] co-production pushes the homosexual agenda as it presents the story of a dancer who leaves his girlfriend and longtime dance partner to begin a homosexual affair with another male dancer. Controversy erupted and protests occurred when the movie was shown in its native Georgia due to the film's homosexual theme. On account of that theme, it did very poorly at the box office.
|$281,159
|-
|''Animal House''
|1978, full title ''National Lampoon's Animal House''
|R
|This college "comedy" glorifies [[alcohol abuse]], debauchery, [[nihilism]], extramarital sex, and all varieties of youthful rebellion. The dean, played by John Vernon, suggests that being "Fat, drunk and stupid, son, is no way to go through life" to one of the rebellious youth representing the rowdy Delta Tau Chi fraternity, but he's depicted as the villain because of that. After the Delta boys are finally punished by being collectively expelled from college, they exact their revenge by sabotaging a homecoming parade and do not face punishment for such a great misdeed. Even so, the film's "hero", portrayed by one of Hollywood's most amoral actors ever, John Belushi, goes on to become a U.S. Senator, which is passed off as humorous.
|$141,600,000
|-
|''Atomic Blonde''
|2017
|R
|This Cold War film's major themes are feminism, the LGBT agenda, and racism against those with dark hair and eyes.
|$51,573,925
|-
|''[[Avatar (film)|Avatar]]''
|2009
|PG-13
|The second highest-grossing feature in history, directed by liberal James Cameron, enforces many destructive messages, including [[environmentalism]], [[feminism]], and the absurd claim that nature is God. It also ridicules the military and large businesses. To make matters worse, the protagonist forms a rather creepy romance with the native princess, who is of another species, perhaps a symbol for bestiality. The overall plotline hints at endorsing environmental terrorism, which Cameron indicated that he himself supported.
|$760,507,625
|-
|''Bad Santa''
|2003
|R
|This insult to the sacred holiday of Christmas features gratuitous coarse language, sexual escapades, drunkenness, and the main plot involving a con man posing as a Mall Santa so he and his dwarf accomplice can rob the mall's safe. It was bad enough that critics panned Disney for allowing the trashing of a cultural icon like Santa Claus as well as even then-Disney CEO, Michael Eisner, to be disgusted with the resulting film, acting as one of the main reasons for Miramax being cut loose from Disney alongside ''Kill Bill''.
|$60 million
|-
|''Bad Santa 2''
|2016
|R
|This sequel follows the already revolting ''Bad Santa''. Miramax, which distributed this movie as well as its predecessor, was acquired in 2016 by beIN Media Group, which is owned by Islamic propaganda channel [[Al Jazeera]].
|$23.2 million
|-
|''Bad Teacher''
| 2011
|R
|Cameron Diaz stars as an awful high school teacher, who is always getting high and drunk, tries to get breast-implant surgery, and encourages cheating and stealing from her students. The movie contains no [[morals]] and is filled with offensive sexual content.
| $100,292,856
|-
|''Beginners''
|2011
|R
|Promotes homosexuality and "[[coming out of the closet]]".
|$5,790,894
|-
|''Being John Malkovich''
|1999
|R
|This biopic celebrates homosexuality and includes a large amount of vulgar humor.
|$637,721
|-
|''Ben & Arthur''
|2002
|
|As the title suggests, this is a pro-homosexual propaganda movie which also portrays Christians as "hateful bigots". The film has the reputation of being one of the most hated homosexual movies by critics and audiences alike, even among homosexuals. Wikipedia also acknowledges this, as this movie is on the page "List of movies considered the worst". Was a major box-office bomb.
|$40,000
|-
|''[[The Big Lebowski]]''
|1998
|R
|Glorifies [[drug abuse]], laziness, and [[nihilism]].
|$17,451,873
|-
|''[[Billy Elliot]]''
|2000
|R
|This British film stars a boy who represents the homosexual agenda by wanting to be a ballet dancer rather than play sports. There are very poor family values as the family is constantly cursing at one another.
|$21,995,263
|-
|''Bio-Dome''
|1996
|PG-13
|It's a stoner film with an environmentalist theme.
|$13,427,615
|-
|''The Birdcage''
|1996
|R
|Yet another pro-[[homosexual agenda]] and conservative bashing film.
|$124,060,553
|-
|''Blow''
|2001
|R
|Glorifies the life of drug dealer, and suspected murderer, George Jung.
|$52,990,775
|-
|''Blue is the Warmest Color''
|2013
|NC-17
|This French film supports the [[homosexual agenda]] by graphically showing lesbian sex and falsely idealizing the concept that homosexuals can be sound mentors to young children. At the Cannes Film Festival, which was headed by liberal [[Steven Spielberg]] and had a board that included ''[[Brokeback Mountain]]'' director, Ang Lee, it was unanimously awarded the top prize. t is widely believed that this victory was due to France's legalization of [[same-sex marriage|same-sex "marriage"]] eight days prior. At least one of the stars of the film admitted that she felt disgusted by her role in it.
|$2,199,787
|-
|''Boat Trip''
|2002
|R
|This film about two men who accidentally aboard a gay cruise shamelessly promotes the homosexual agenda and presents the attempted sexual assault of a man by a woman as "humorous".
|$15,020,293<ref>https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=boattrip.htm</ref>
|-
|''Boogie Nights''
|1997
|R
|A young man journeys through the pornography industry in the 1970s and 1980s and glorifies the exploitation of women.
|$26,400,640
|-
|''Boyhood''
|2014
|R
|Centered on a family raised by a single mother, it downplays the importance a father has on a child's growth and development, mocks conservative Christians, and promotes underage drinking and pot smoking.
|$44,400,000
|-
|''Boys Don't Cry''
|1999
|R
|It glorifies the choice of a young girl to embrace homosexual and transgender life choices, dishonesty, and pre-marital relations. Furthermore, it caricatures and exaggerates natural reactions to her perversion, all in aid of promoting the [[homosexual agenda]]. On that note, JoAnn Brandon, the real life mother of Teena Brandon (the aforementioned woman who entered those lifestyles), condemned the movie and especially the star Hilary Swank's acceptance speech (in particular, the former failing to specifically state the reason why Teena cross-dressed was due to mental and emotional trauma from her earlier being molested by a man while she was very young, and the latter for claiming that "Teena" was in fact male when thanking Teena).<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/film/2000/mar/29/oscars2000.oscars</ref>
|$11,533,945
|-
|''[[The Breakfast Club]]''
|1985
|R
|What masquerades as a drama comparing the similar personalities of five seemingly very different teenagers in school detention really promotes the use of drugs, smoking, and extramarital sex. Although it does contain the conservative quote "You ought to spend a little more time trying to make something of yourself and a little less time trying to impress people", it is said by the main villain of the movie, the high school principal.
|$51,525,171
|-
|''[[Brokeback Mountain]]''
|2005
|R
|This nauseating "romance" film proves that [[liberals]] will [[shoehorning|shoehorn]] the homosexual agenda into anything, even Westerns. It was also an early example of production companies dictating film distribution services of what they should distribute to the local level, often against the distributor's own decisions.
|$83,043,761
|-
|''The Brothers Grimsby''
|2016
|R
|This vulgar film is loaded with sex jokes, sex scenes, nudity, one graphic elephant sex scene, and a joke about Donald Trump getting AIDS. Luckly it was a box office bomb.<ref>https://www.forbes.com/sites/scottmendelson/2016/03/14/box-office-brothers-grimsby-flopped-because-it-didnt-look-good/#4a36b6f749d7</ref>
|$6,874,837
|-
|''But I'm a Cheerleader''
|1999
|R
|A lesbian [[public school]] [[cheerleading|cheerleader]] is attracted to other cheerleaders, portraying [[homosexuality]] as a legitimate lifestyle. The film attacks and ridicules [[reparative therapy]] and religious people, and it normalizes lesbians by depicting the star as a girly cheerleader, obviously a forced subversion of the lesbian archetype.
|$2,205,627
|-
|''Call Me By Your Name''
|2017
|R
|The ''[[Brokeback Mountain]]'' of 2017, only this time pedophilia, in addition to homosexuality, is endorsed and displayed as "normal" and "intellectual".
|
|-
|''Caligula''
|1979
|UR (should be NC-17)
|This historical drama about infamous Roman emperor of the same name has been considered the most pornographic movie ever made, which led to it being a critical failure. It has unsimulated scenes of oral and anal sex, incest, and close-ups of the genitalia of both sexes, along with brutal violence. Upon release, several U.S. cities tried to prevent the movie from being played, though liberal courts repeatedly affirmed that it passed the Miller test (claiming that it was not obscene enough to be banned). Some lawyers defending it even lamented that it helped to form a conservative morality, which may have helped Ronald Reagan win the 1980 election.
|$23 million
|-
|''Captain Marvel''
|2019
|PG-13
|Based on the eponymous Marvel Comics superheroine and set in 1995, the twenty-first installment in the Marvel Cinematic Universe follows Carol Danvers as she becomes Captain Marvel after Earth is caught in the center of a galactic conflict between two alien civilizations. In contrast to the rest of the film series up to this point, ''Captain Marvel'' is explicitly feministic, one example showing a deleted scene with Captain Marvel threatening a man for mild flirts including "Smile for me" and stealing his belongings. During an interview, Captain Marvel's actress Brie Larson shows some sexism and self-loathing racism by saying that she won't accept reviews about the movie from white men (even though she is herself white). The film was also notorious for Disney and Marvel going to extremes to ensure it had any chance at a box office success, including forcing theaters to make it the single showing for a week<ref>https://www.oneangrygamer.net/2019/03/some-reports-indicate-captain-marvel-is-the-only-movie-playing-at-some-theaters-during-premiere-week/78446/</ref> as well as having Rotten Tomatoes remove its negative reviews of the film.<ref>https://www.oneangrygamer.net/2019/03/rotten-tomatoes-removes-thousands-of-negative-captain-marvel-user-ratings/79348/</ref><ref>https://www.oneangrygamer.net/2019/02/captain-marvel-rotten-tomatoes-censorship-circumvented-thanks-to-dissenter-extension/78084/</ref>
|$1.128 billion
|-
|''The Cat in the Hat''
|2003
|PG (Should be PG-13)
|This bastardization of an instantly recognizable children's classic, filled with adult humor and pandered to focus groups, is the reason why Dr. Seuss's widow has banned any live-action adaptations of Seuss's works. It won a one-time Golden Raspberry (or "Razzie") Award for "Worst Excuse for an Actual Movie (All Concept/No Content)" and was nominated for eight other Razzies.
|$134 million
|-
|''Chuck & Buck''
|2000
|R
|Debauched independent film about a man who revisits another man he traumatized through sexual grooming as a child. The message is that in some instances, groomers are the real victims and greatly misunderstood because of their need for casual sex. Also, if their victims weren't "brainwashed" by moralistic views about sex, most of them would consent to it and see it as a good thing, and no trauma would ever happen. In the film, when he meets the man he seduced in their youth, he encourages him to cheat on his wife, who is "holding him back", and have sex with him in order to desensitize him to hedonism and see monogamy as a perversion. The director and writer of the film is openly bisexual, and plays the role of the groomer who initiates the encounter. He admits it is based on his experiences and fantasies.
|N/A
|-
|''The Cider House Rules''
|1999
|PG-13
|Glorifies [[abortion]] and advocates "[[pro-choice]]" values to a fault.
|$57,545,092
|-
|''Chappie''
|2015
|PG-13
|Another "social" science fiction film that just abuses our [[First Amendment|first amendment right]] to bash capitalism. Neill Blomkamp also directed liberal films District 9 and Elysium too. On an optimistic note, the film got bad reviews (even from liberal critics)<ref>https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/chappie/</ref> and the film did poorly in America (70% of its gross came from overseas).<ref>http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=chappie.htm</ref>
|$31,569,268
|-
|''[[City of Ember]]''
|2008
|PG-13
|Currently the once-in-a-lifetime adaptation.
|
|-
|''[[Clerks]]''
|1994
|R
|Filled with constant vulgar [[profanity]]. Previously rated NC-17 before being appealed for an R rating.
|$3,151,130
|-
|''Clerks 2''
|2006
|R
|Sequel to the liberal comedy, filled with more profanity and even more disgusting acts that could not be in the budget of the original film.
|$24,148,068
|-
|''[[The Cosmic Slop]]''
|1994
|NR
|HBO trilogy focusing on minority science fiction. The main claim to fame was an adaptation of ''[[The Space Traders]]'', a race-baiting short story that was written by the infamous race-baiting leftist professor Derrick Bell.
|
|-
|''Cuck''
|2019
|NR
|As implied by the title, it mocks conservative values and paints conservatives and alt-right people as lunatics. Is also notorious for being released to a box office of $0.<ref>https://www.oneangrygamer.net/2020/04/cuck-movie-gets-woke-goes-broke-at-box-office/106756/</ref>
|$0
|-
|''Cuties''
|2020
|
|This depraved French movie shamelessly sexualizes pre-pubescent girls and has them dancing in sexually suggestive ways that no respectable '''adult woman''' would be seen doing. When asked if they supported pedophilia, producers at Netflix responded that they respected all religions, as if they really believed that pedophilia is actually a religion.
|
|-
|''Dallas Buyers Club''
|2013
|R
|Egregiously supports the homosexual agenda during its deadly-years [[AIDS]] epidemic..
|$27,298,285
|-
|''The Danish Girl''
|2015
|R
|One of the definitive pro-homosexual/gender confusion propaganda films. Eddie Redmayne portrays Einar Wegener, a landscape artist who stands in for a female model who no-showed for a planned painting made by Wegener's wife, Gerda. Einar, who has undergone gender confusion for years, snaps as a result of the modeling sessions where he stands in as "female" and he begins claiming to be a "woman" calling himself "Lili Elbe", which nearly leads to him being committed to an asylum. Einar later undergoes surgical mutilation to accommodate his delusion, but he dies of infection due to the mutilation.
|$11,114,018
|-
|''The Day After''
|1983
|Not Rated
|Attacks the military and conservative politicians, and encourages negotiation with Communists.
|NA - TV
|-
|''The Day After Tomorrow''
|2004
|PG-13
|Overdramatic, nonsensical portrayal of the consequences of fictional "[[climate change]]".
|$186,740,799
|-
|''Day of the Animals''
|1977
|PG
|Environmentalist propaganda that states "global warming" turns woodland animals into psychotic human-hunters. It also claims that humans must get what they deserve (which they do not).
|$2 million
|-
|''Dazed and Confused''
|1993
|R
|This coming of age film circa 1976, attempts to normalize [[promiscuity]] and [[drug abuse]] among teenagers and young adults.
|$7,993,039
|-
|''District 9''
|2009
|R
|Alien invaders are shown sympathetically, but the military, corporations, and humans in general are not.
|$115,646,235
|-
|''Django Unchained
|2012
|R
|Quentin Tarantino's Western gratuitously uses graphic violence and the n-word.
|$425,368,238
|-
|''Don’t Breathe''
|2016
|R
|The movie's protagonists are three burglars who break into homes (secured by one of their father’s security company) to steal items to sell. The "villain" of the movie is a blind army veteran, and the homeowner of the house they are breaking into. Although they do find he has kidnapped the girl who killed his daughter in a car accident. Also feminism is present with the the leader of the thieves being a girl.
|$89,217,875
|-
|''Doom''
|2005
|R
|Based on the video game that influenced the [[Columbine High School massacre|Columbine High School massacre]]<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20060223025846/columbine.free2host.net/quotes.html</ref>, ll the military characters (except one) are corrupt. Fans of the game criticized it for not including much monster-themed action.
|$28,212,337
|-
|''Drag Me to Hell''
|2009
|R
|Despite being made by known Republican<ref>http://whatculture.com/offbeat/10-celebs-you-wouldnt-expect-to-be-republicans?page=4</ref> Sam Raimi, the film's premise dealt with a woman being condemned simply for doing what her job required her to do at the bank, with Raimi also implicitly stating that the gypsy who cursed her had sympathetic reasons for cursing the main protagonist despite the fact that she herself had explicitly foresaked paying mortgage three times. In addition, the means to counteract the Lamia (the creature responsible for sending people to Hell when cursed) were more explicitly Pagan than Christian.
|$90.8 million
|-
|''Easy Rider''
|1969
|R
|This slice-of-life drama follows two drug-addicted motorcyclists who glorify every aspect of the hippie lifestyle. Conservatives incorrectly portrayed as racist rednecks.
|$60 million
|-
|''Elysium''
|2013
|R
|This propaganda piece criticizes big business and supports [[illegal immigration]].
|$93,050,117
|-
|''Fantastic Four''
|2015
|PG-13
|Based very loosely on the comics of the same name and deprived of the source material's humor, the film portrays the military in a negative manner. Here, they only want to use superpowered teens as weapons. On top of that, they also changed the race of the Human Torch for political correctness/cultural Marxism reasons. The film was also infamous for its controversial behind-the-scenes history. The studio executives mandated reshoots without the director's knowledge of this and the final cut was gutted in the editing room. Director Josh Trank was so angered by this that he completely disowned the film.<ref>http://www.joblo.com/movie-news/josh-trank-disowns-fantastic-four-via-twitter-claims-studio-interference-322</ref>
|$56,117,548
|-
|''Fast Food Nation''
|2006
|R
|Despite its title and that fact that Bruce Willis is in it, the film is attacks fast food and capitalism while pushing [[environmentalism]], veganism, [[illegal immigration]], and extramarital sex.
|$1,005,539
|-
|''Fast Times at Ridgemont High''
|1982
|R
|Film glorifies [[drug abuse]], premarital sex, and [[abortion]]. It was also one of [[Sean Penn]]'s early film roles as he would go on to star in more liberal propaganda films.
|$27,092,880
|-
|''Female Trouble''
|1974
|NC-17
|This atrocious movie is made from the same director of ''Pink Flamingos'', starring an overweight delinquent student named Dawn Davenport (played by transvestite Divine) who abandons her family and starts a life of crime. Crime is glorified and embraced, for Dawn decides to start causing crime as a way to get famous, and she even shows no remorse for her actions while she is electrocuted at the end of the movie, thanking her fans for helping her gain infamy. Abuse is also glorified, from Dawn's contempt for her parents to refusing to let her daughter Taffy be a normal girl, beating her harshly and even threatening to kill her for joining Hare Krishna (and eventually does). When Taffy later meets her father who abandoned the family, he sexually harasses her, pushing an incest vibe as well. The movie also pushes the homosexual agenda, where one woman urges a man to become gay because she thinks of heterosexuality as boring, and it shows two close-up shots of male genitalia as well. Like with ''Pink Flamingos'', this movie got a positive reception from a rather morality-deprived audience.
|$25,000
|-
|''The Forest''
|2016
|PG-13
|Depicts the Aokigahara Forest in [[Japan]] as a scary place filled with vengeful ghosts. In reality, it is a sad place where people go to commit suicide.
|$37.6 million
|-
|''The Fourth Kind''
|2009
|PG-13
|Uses the real-life tragedies of deceased and missing citizens of Nome, Alaska to make money with a fictitious story about alien abductions.
|$47,709,193
|-
|''Freddy Got Fingered''
|2001
|R
|Contains a lot of crude and revolting gross-out sexual humor, including a scene where the main character actually makes a horse [censored]. Uses shock tactics in much the same way that ''[[Family Guy]]'' does. Won five Razzie awards, including Worst Picture and four awards (Worst Actor, Worst Director, Worst Screenplay and Worst Screen Couple) for star and director, Canadian "comedian" Tom Green.
|$14.3 million
|-
|''Get Out''
|2017
|R
|This racist horror comedy-drama follows an African American man who discovers to his shock that his white American girlfriend's parents transplant the brains of white Americans into the bodies of African Americans as if to strip their victims of African American cultural identity. It presents a false dichotomy between black and white culture and discourages American ideals such as interracial and intercultural integration, all while accusing white Americans of wanting to eliminate instead of integrate all racial subcultures in the nation.
|
|-
|''Ghostbusters'' (2016 remake)
|2016
|PG-13
|This staunchly feminist remake of the conservative horror comedy classic replaces all the original male heroes with women who appear to have only vaguely different personalities, and every male character is either unintelligent or mean-spirited. Racism and sexual innuendoes are present as well.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D7ikR-6uSMYz</ref> Also the remake also replaces the [[EPA]] with [[United States Department of Homeland Security|Homeland Security]] as the bad guys. Luckily, no one other than the world's most biased liberal critics liked it, as its trailer was known for being the most hated of its kind on YouTube.<ref>http://screencrush.com/ghostbusters-trailer-most-disliked-movie-trailer-in-history/</ref> Sony was caught making fake reviews<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HXv3w59raZ4</ref> and the film flopped at the box office <ref>https://www.imdb.com/news/ni60138331?fb_comment_id=1146766692061206_1146942958710246&comment_id=1146942958710246</ref> so tremendously that Sony Pictures Entertainment lost over $70 million.
|$120,049,002
|-
|''Glen or Glenda''
|1953
|Not rated
|Created by Ed Wood and widely regarded as one of the worst directors of all time, it celebrates cross-dressing and transsexualism.
|N/A
|-
|''Godzilla'' (1998 film)
|1998
|PG-13
|Liberal and homosexual director Roland Emmerich turns Godzilla into a girl and enforces the idea military does more damage than Godzilla. The film even fails to address the original message of the original 1954 Japanese film (the first ''Godzilla'' was created in response to fears of the aftermath of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the end of World War II), with the resulting film likewise being hated by Godzilla fans and by Toho Films, to the extent that the "Godzilla" in this film when later appearing in the mainline films was given a separate identity to the mainstream Godzilla and beaten easily. Liberals also panned the film, in particular a running gag which had the Mayor of New York doing a "thumbs up and thumbs down" vote in an unsubtle jab at Siskel and Ebert.
|$136,314,294
|-
|''[[Good Will Hunting]]''
|1997
|R
|Left-wing actors/writers [[Matt Damon]] and [[Ben Affleck]] created this coming of age film that is the main reason why [[Howard Zinn]]'s anti-American revisionist textbook ''A People's History of the United States'' became both public knowledge and provided in all universities and high schools across America. Matt Damon's character, Will Hunting, tells [[Robin William]]'s character in a pivotal scene, "You wanna read a ''real'' history book? Read Howard Zinn’s ''People’s History of the United States''. That book’ll f*****’ knock you on your a**.”<ref>https://pjmedia.com/lifestyle/2013/8/9/the-5-most-destructive-political-ideas-in-matt-damons-movies/5/</ref>
|$225,933,435
|-
|''Gringo''
|2018
|R
|Not only is the title of this movie a racial slur against white people, but this movie also egregiously promotes pot smoking. In addition, the main male character is extremely feminine, which suits Hollywood's stance on the traditional gender roles. This movie didn't even make the Top 10 its opening weekend, despite heavy marketing.
|
|-
|''Hair''
|1979
|PG (Should be R)
|Based on the Broadway musical, the film's profanity, its depiction of the use of illegal drugs, its treatment of sexuality, its irreverence for the American flag, and its gratuitous nudity caused much comment and controversy as it did when the stage musical first premiered in 1967. A product of the hippie counterculture and sexual revolution of the 1960s, several of its songs became anthems of the anti-Vietnam War peace movement.
|$15,284,643
|-
|''Hairspray''
|2007
|PG
|Poor [[moral]]s shown, encourages homosexual agenda, bad behavior, such as smoking, drinking, cursing. Many sexual comments are shown. It portrays conservatives and those with high expectations in a negative viewpoint.
|$118,871,849
|-
|''Harold and Kumar Go to White Castle''
|2004
|R
|The adventures of two pot-smokers who play up ethnic stereotypes.
|$18,250,550
|-
|''Horrible Bosses''
|2011
|R
|Three men try to kill their bosses. Two of the three bosses are wealthy businessmen. The film is also filled with offensive language and many sexual references. Was followed by a sequel that however supported the American Dream and capitalism.
|$117,538,559
|-
|''The Hottie and the Nottie''
|2008
|PG-13 (should be R)
|Ultra-liberal actress [[Paris Hilton]] stars in this movie that glorifies every aspect of the "bimbo", "dumb blonde" and "valley girl" lifestyles (all of which Hilton herself has embraced over time as part of her public persona) and contains demeaning depictions against those with dark hair and dark eyes, calling them "unattractive".
|$27,696
|-
|''The House That Jack Built''
|2018
|R (should be NC-17)
|According to director Lars von Trier, this ultra violent and sadistic serial killer film is meant to be seen as an analogy for [[Donald Trump]] (or as von Trier insultingly refers to him "Homo Trumpus") and his administration. This is a gruesome and vicious movie that glamorizes the murder of women and children - calling it a form of art. It relies heavily on Satanic imagery and Nazi iconography purely to shock and offend. Even most liberals were turned off by this movie!
|
|-
|''Howl''
|2010
|R
|Film about homosexual poet and [[beatnik]]-turned-[[hippie]], [[Allen Ginsberg]]. Promotes the [[homosexual agenda]] and the idea that writing about [[pornography]] is "protected" under the [[First Amendment]] and has "literary value".
|$617,334
|-
|''I Love You Phillip Morris''
|2010
|R
|A homosexuality-themed comedy-drama film about a homosexual inmate who escapes to reunite with his lover.
|$2,037,459
|-
|''[[Jackass]]: The Movie''
|2002
|R
|Essentially a montage of ridiculous stunts and pranks with no coherent story.
|$64,255,312
|-
|''Jennifer's Body''
|2009
|R
|This film starring Megan Fox promotes feminism and glorifies [[Satanism]], and contains a lesbian kiss and them making out.
|$16,204,793.
|-
|''Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom''
|2018
|PG-13
|Unfortunately, Christian movie star, Chris Pratt, cannot save this film from being a liberal disaster. This film, like its predecessor, "Jurassic World," is also very supportive of feminism. In fact, that is even more apparent, as Chris Pratt's character - Owen Grady - is depicted as heartless for not wanting to save the dinosaurs and preferring to be left alone; on the flip side, the more feminist Claire Dearing is now a dinosaur rights activist, using Owen's ''Velociraptor'' Blue to get Owen to save the dinosaurs with her. At the end of the film, the dinosaurs are released into the wild, putting billions of human lives in danger, clearly giving an environmental message. Also, one of the younger characters clearly looks like an SJW, with her character acting as such. Not only that, but one of the main antagonists calls her a "nasty woman" which is clearly a jab at Donald Trump. According to one of the actresses, Daniella Pineda, there was intended to be a scene (that was fortunately cut) that revealed that her character, Zia Rodriguez, was a lesbian when admitting she was fond of Chris Pratt's character.<ref>https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/jurassic-world-fallen-kingdom-star-daniella-pinedas-lesbian-reveal-cut-film-183618705.html</ref>
|$417,719,760
|-
|''Kids''
|1995
|NC-17
|Pornographic film concerning five rebellious underage teenagers in [[New York City]] engaging in graphic sex, violent acts, [[drug]]/[[alcohol]] use, and spreading [[HIV]].
|$7,412,216
|-
|''The Kids Are All Right''
|2010
|R
|Portrays homosexuality and homosexual parenting as a "normal" lifestyle.
|$20,811,365
|-
|''[[The Laramie Project]]''
|2002
|Unrated
|An adaptation of the play of the same name made by HBO to promote the homosexual agenda, including giving a one-sided, extremely biased perspective on the murder of Matthew Shepherd implying that his murderers had "homophobia" as a motive. It also has a significant anti-religious bent in it, where two of the documentarists (implied to be homosexual) tried to talk to a priest specifically to "piss him off," and also had one of the members breaking down from a priest being "hateful" simply because he implied the possibility that Matthew Shepherd will go to hell if he didn't repent for his homosexual activities.
|
|-
|''Legally Blonde''
|2001
|PG-13
|A pro-feminist musical that also promotes every aspect of the "valley girl" lifestyle. Smart people (such as those who go to law school) are described as "boring, ugly, serious people" by the father of Elle Woods (the film's protagonist). It also contains hidden demeaning remarks about dark-haired people. Spawned a sequel that, despite the patriotic-sounding title ("Red, White, and Blonde"), ultimately wasn't much better, which included a homosexual joke involving Elle Woods' pet chihuahua (despite the original film implying that said dog, who was male, was infatuated by the Taco Bell chihuahua mascot, a female).
|$96,520,674
|-
|''The Lost World: Jurassic Park''
|1997
|PG-13
|The film is pro-environmentalist, and features John Hammond, the original head of Jurassic Park, hiring environmentalist hippies to sabotage his own company in the name of releasing the dinosaurs back into the wild, with the protagonists being depicted as being in the right despite causing explicit destruction and death via their actions, as well as demonizing the corporation for trying to stop them. Also has an anti-hunting message due to one of the main antagonists explicitly being a hunter; adding to that is one of the "heroes" removing bullets from the hunter's gun, putting everyone in even more danger from the dinosaurs, though no one calls him out for it. It is to be noted that such a message not only was not present in the book it was adapted from, but it if anything was the complete antithesis to the anti-cloning message from both the original book by Michael Crichton and the 1993 film that adapted it and that ''Lost World'' acted as a sequel to.
|$618.6 million
|-
|''Léon: The Professional''
|1994
|R
|Disgusting film the features an assassin taking an orphan under his wing (even worse her family shows poor values and are nasty to each other). He then trains her to be an assassin herself to kill the corrupt [[DEA]] responsible for her parents murder, but also the assassin who's much older than her seems to be [[Pedophilia|romanticized by her]] (in a deleted scene they even have sex).
|$19,501,238
|-
|''Lethal Weapon 3''
|1992
|R
|Pro-gun control propaganda disguised as a buddy cop action film.
|$144,731,527
|-
|''Lethal Weapon 4''
|1998
|R
|The sequel now has a pro-illegal immigration message.
|$130,444,603
|-
|''Machete''
|2010
|R
|Open borders propaganda about illegals crossing the southern border. Southerners are portrayed as slack-jawed racists. Robert De Niro plays a corrupt Texas senator and Don Johnson plays the racist leader of a vigilante border group.
|$26,593,646
|-
|''Mad Max: Fury Road''
|2015
|R
|Feminist propaganda that endorses and celebrates anarchy. Also, it bears some "[[Plagiarism|similarities]]" to the John Wayne classic ''Stagecoach''. Fourth movie in the ''Mad Max'' film series first made famous by Mel Gibson in the title role between 1979 and 1985.
|$153,636,354
|-
|''Maleficent''
|2014
|PG
|Apparently represents the idea of revising the ''Sleeping Beauty'' story to focus on a lesbian relationship; although Aurora clearly loves Maleficent as a mother figure, Maleficent takes over the role of the prince and is revealed to be the person whose kiss of "true love" (given on the forehead) really saved Aurora. Revisionist piece which unabashedly promotes the feminist agenda to the extent that most of the males are either villains or useless, even going so far as to heavily hint at a transgender philosophy; promotes hard-core environmentalism, moral relativism and even Marxism; pretty much ruins the morality tale for ''Sleeping Beauty''. ''The Federalist'' also had a field day with the film stating how it promoted the leftist agenda and citing point by point its agenda.<ref>https://thefederalist.com/2014/06/06/maleficent-once-upon-a-screed/</ref> In particular, King Stefan, far from being depicted as a good father who gave up Aurora to the three fairies to protect her from the curse, was shown to not care for Aurora at all and was willing to let her die from the curse.
|$241,410,378
|-
|''Marat/Sade''
|1967
|R
|Inmates in a French insane asylum in 1808 put on a play about [[French Revolution]] figure [[Jean-Paul Marat]], directed by the [[Marquis de Sade]], that devolves into a violent orgy of destruction at the end of the movie. Basically nothing more than a celebration of violence and nihilism, yet it is lauded by liberal movie critics.
|-
|''Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil''
|1997
|R
|Don't be fooled by the fact that Hollywood conservative, Clint Eastwood directed this film or that it both takes place and was filmed in the overall conservative city of Savannah, Georgia. It is based on the equally bad nonfiction novel of the same name, and has LGBT, environmentalist, witchcraft, and anti-capitalist themes.
|$25,105,255
|-
|''Moonlight''
|2016
|R
|A coming-of-age film that glorifies drug use and [[homosexuality]].
|$27,557,396 <ref>http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=moonlight2016.htm</ref>
|-
|''[[Mortal Engines (film)|Mortal Engines]]''
|2018
|PG-13
|This USA-New Zealand co-production pushes the feminist propaganda that endorses and celebrates anarchy. Also, it bears some "[[Plagiarism|similarities]]" to many classics, including ''[[Star Wars]]'' and ''[[Total Recall (2012 film)|Total Recall]]''. It presents some message underlying "[[climate change]]". Currently the once-in-a-lifetime adaptation of the [[Mortal Engines Quartet|novel series]] of the same name by [[Philip Reeve]] due to leftist narratives painting the film in a positive light.
|
|-
|''Movie 43''
|2013
|R
|Anthology of short "comedy" films which glamorize virtually every form of deviant sexuality imaginable. Much of the "humor" is scatological, including a scene with a character who enjoys being defecated upon. Aside from that, ''Movie 43'' is literally one of the worst motion pictures ever made in history, as it has nothing that would make it good, imaginative, funny, charming, or understandable of its existence at all. Won three Razzie awards: Worst Picture, Worst Director (all directors) and Worst Screenplay (all screenwriters).
|$32.4 million
|-
|''Mulholland Drive''
|2001
|R
|The makers of this nonsensical art film think homosexuality and fornication in general are "sexy" societal norms.
|$7,220,243
|-
|''My Own Private Idaho''
|1991
|R
|Two homosexual street hustlers begin having an affair while seeking adventure en route to Idaho and then Italy. One of the more infamous cinematic examples of the homosexual agenda.
|$6,401,336
|-
|''Natural Born Killers''
|1994
|R
|Riddled with violence, drug abuse and sexual references, this movie's main characters are brutal serial killers who are viewed as "heroes". Infamously known for influencing Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold for committing the massacre at [[Columbine High School massacre]]<ref>https://www.cbsnews.com/news/the-columbine-shooters/</ref>
|$50,282,766
|-
|''The Normal Heart''
|2014
|TV MA
|Another [[homosexual agenda|homosexual propaganda]] film that criticizes the [[Reagan Administration]] and general Conservative ideology. The LGBT community was a strong promoter of this film and insists it is "artful", when really it is decadent.
|N/A
|-
|''Nymphomaniac''
|2014
|NR
|This two-part movie features four hours of non-stop sex and glamorizes the lifestyle of the titular sex addict. It portrays other [[San Francisco values]], such as homosexuality and S&M, in a positive light. In general, this film was labeled as NSFW. Director, Lars von Trier, is known for being anti-American and slightly hints at this throughout the film.
|$17,584,083
|-
|''The Odd Life of Timothy Green''
|2012
|PG
|Despite an overly schmaltzy pro-family sentiment, this film showcases terrible parenting.
|$55.3 million
|-
|''One Sings, The Other Doesn't''
|1977
|Not Rated
|A disgusting French film that exists solely to promote abortion and normalize it as an essential part of being female.
|
|-
|''The Organizer''
|1963
|Not Rated
|This Italian film supports [[trade union]]s and [[infidelity]].
|
|-
|''Orgazmo''
|1997
|NC-17
|This pornographic nightmare celebrates the porn industry and criticizes [[Mormon]]s, if not all the world's religiously devout.
|$602,302
|-
|''Parasite''
|2019
|R
|This Korean film inexplicably won Best Picture at the Academy Awards even though it has a highly anti-capitalist message and portrays wealth as evil.
|$167,600,000
|-
|''Paul''
|2011
|R
|This extraterrestrial rescue mission could have been a harmless comedic tribute to the science fiction film genre if it didn't portray Christians and the military as close-minded idiots while depicting atheists (played by godless writers and co-stars Simon Pegg and Nick Frost) who support extramarital sex, homosexuality, and mind-altering drug use as the only "sensible" people. Pegg and Frost have explicitly stated that one of the movie's main messages is that "there is no God" and anyone who believes in Him is "an ignorant boob".
|$37,412,945
|-
|''The Perks of Being a Wallflower''
|2012
|PG-13
|Promotes homosexuality and also demonizes those opposed to a homosexual lifestyle.
|$17,738,570
|-
|''The People vs. Larry Flynt''
|1996
|R
|Idealizes [[pornography]] mogul [[Larry Flynt]] and claims that pornography is "protected" by the [[First Amendment]].
|$20,300,385
|-
|''Philadelphia''
|1993
|PG-13
|Homosexual agenda setting drama.
|$77,446,440
|-
|''Pineapple Express''
|2008
|R
|Shows [[drug abuse]] to be "cool".
|$87,341,380
|-
|''Pink Flamingos''
|1972
|NC-17
|Embraces horrifying people, who engage in such acts as [[incest]] and [[bestiality]], as well as promoting the homosexual agenda, since it stars transvestite Divine and shows homosexuals in a positive light. This film has toilet humor, finding it funny when a character (Divine) literally eats poo, and extremely offensive language, one character is even named after a racial slur against white people. Characters promote anarchy and violence as an everyday thing. A very graphic film, even for most liberals, showing close-ups of genitalia unlike any non-porno film. Liberals call it a "comedy", but it is revoltingly horrid and more like an act of [[Satan]].
|$7,000,000
|-
|''The Prom''
|2020
|PG-13
|Based off of a 2018 Broadway show, the movie stars a bunch of celebrities from cities like Los Angeles arriving at a rural Indiana town, looking down on the locals for their "backwards" ways. The movie is definitely pro-homosexuality, for the main character is seen as right in wanting to attend a dance with a female date while the townsfolk are painted as bigoted against her because of this. Christianity is also wrongly ragged against, for a group of Christians at the local mall are labeled as unempathetic due to wanting to follow the Bible and going to church. Middle America - as well as its [[small town values]] that it represents - is also mocked as being stupid and unprogressive while the urban celebrities coming to the town to spread their far-left activism are seen as the right way to live; the main character even sings about how superior living in San Francisco is compared to rural Indiana.
|
|-
|''Project X''
|2012
|R
|Shows teen drinking, [[drug]] use, sex, vulgar profanity and anarchic behavior to be "cool".
|$54,731,865
|-
|''The Quick and the Dead''
|1995
|R
|A feminist western.
|$18,636,537
|-
|''Quills''
|2000
|R
|Portrays the Marquis de Sade as the protagonist, in addition to the prevalence of extremely violent acts.
|$11,732,088
|-
|''Resident Evil'' franchise
|2002-2017
|R
|Feminist film franchise with anti-capitalistic messages. Based on a video game franchise on the same name. The worst offender is ''Resident Evil: The Final Chapter'', where the villain is a [[Christian]] who releases a deadly virus (called the T-virus) which will destroy the human race and have him and rich colleagues rebuild the world in their image (a.k.a playing [[God]]).
|$244,443,938 (all together)
|-
|''Rise of the Planet of the Apes''
|2011
|PG-13
|Anti-business (the company the main character works for is painted in an extremely negative light), a lot of environmentalism throughout (including a more anti-human agenda being pushed), and the actor who played Caesar, Andy Serkis, as well as director Rupert Wyatt, both compared Caesar positively to the Marxist Argentinian revolutionary terrorist and mass murderer [[Che Guevara]].
|$481,801,049
|-
|''Rent''
|2005
|PG-13
|Promotes [[homosexuality]] and cross-dressing as "normal" lifestyles.
|$29,077,547
|-
|''Rock of Ages''
|2012
|PG-13 (Director's Cut is rated R)
|Based on the highly unoriginal and unimaginative Broadway musical, ''Rock of Ages'' features poor [[moral]]s, promotes homosexual agenda, prostitution, drug use, and drinking, and portrays conservatives in a negative, offensively bigoted viewpoint. Many gratuitous sex scenes and sexual references are prominently shown.
|$38,518,613
|-
|''Rocketman''
|2019
|R
|A biopic on [[Elton John]]. Mostly because of his influence, it has a gratuitous promotion of homosexuality and drug usage, and was particularly infamous for including an explicit sodomy scene.
|$195.2 million
|-
|''Salo: Or the 120 Days of Sodom''
|1975
|NR
|Adaptation of the [[sadist]] and [[Libertine]] and atheistic text by [[Marquis de Sade]] from Communist homosexual filmmaker Pier Paolo Pasolini, who was killed shortly after completing this movie.
|
|-
|''Sex and the City''
|2008
|R
|Very disturbing film, much like its TV series counterpart, promoting the use of sex everywhere.
|$152,647,258.
|-
|''Sex Tape''
|2014
|R
|Anti-family. The main premise of the film was two nymphomaniacs trying to create a sex tape of themselves after getting kids killed their sex drive, and then recovering iPods that accidentally uploaded their tape online for everyone to see. The ending also has brief yet graphic sex scene showing what exactly was on the sex tape.
|$38,543,473
|-
|''Showgirls''
|1995
|NC-17
|Filled with explicit nudity, and promotes homosexuality as well as hollywood values, as it glamorizes the Las Vegas showgirl and stripper lifestyle. MGM also, in an attempt to make it the next ''Rocky Horror Picture Show'', did a massive marketing campaign, including an audience participation script despite its rating. The film had notoriously terrible production as well, as despite MGM's efforts, the Razzie Awards gave it the "award" of worst film for the year 1995.
|$37.8 million
|-
|[[The Shack]]
|2017
|PG-13
|Based on the novel of the same name, this film promotes the ancient heresy of Patripassionism, presents God the Father contrarily to how he truly is according to scripture, and promotes the dangerous idea that God does not punish sin.<ref>https://www.gotquestions.org/The-Shack-review.html</ref>
|$96,942,115
|-
|''Shakespeare in Love''
|1998
|R
|Liberals changing history in order to suit feminists. The film also suggests that a woman was responsible for William Shakespeare's work (even though there's no record of this at all). Although it won the Academy Award for Best Picture of 1998 (thanks to the aggressive campaign tactics of the egotistical producer Harvey Weinstein), the film has aged poorly and, to this day, the overwhelming majority of critics and film viewers believe that the conservative film and Steven Spielberg's masterpiece ''Saving Private Ryan'' should have won instead.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3SrNphaLsDs</ref>
|$100,317,794 
|-
|''The Shape of Water''
|2017
|R
|Disgusting pro-Bestiality and Feminist movie directed by Marxist film director Guillermo del Toro. Also encourages homosexuality and has hints of promoting illegal immigration.
|$54,185,844
|-
|''She Hate Me''
|2004
|R
|Taking jabs at capitalism and supporting the [[homosexual agenda]], this film has a very over the top plot were a man who's laid off from his job for exposing corrupt business practices, turns to impregnating wealthy lesbians for profit. (This really is the plot).
|$366,037
|-
|''Sixteen Candles''
|1984
|PG (Would be PG-13 today).
|Glorfies teenage sex, underage drinking, and cigarette smoking
|$23,686,027
|-
|''Small Soldiers''
|1998
|PG-13
|Anti-military (due to the Commando Elite being depicted in a negative manner, and to a certain extent GloboTech, the ones responsible for the bad events in the film, being stated to be a Defense Contractor) and also anti-Capitalist (due to GloboTech being the ones responsible for the events of the film, including buying out the Heartland Toy Company.).
|$71.1 million
|-
|''The Social Network''
|2010
|PG-13
|Glorifies the [[gossip]] website [[Facebook]], which feeds [[narcissism]] and destroys marriages. The film also portrays drug use and [[misogyny]] in a positive light.
|$96,962,694
|-
|''Spring Breakers''
|2012
|R
|From the creator of ''Kids'', this film is similar in its pornographic nature and glamorization of drug abuse, only this film takes it to a new extreme. Furthermore, this film promotes [[feminism]] and glamorizes the gangster/[[ghetto]] [[rap music]] lifestyle, while condemning Christians, labeling them as "weak" and "insecure". Also, the film contains a full-on sex scene in the pool, and show nudity, in not only that scene but several others.
|$31,724,284
|-
|''Star Trek Beyond''
|2016
|PG-13
|The film has [[Sulu|Hikaru Sulu]] as a "married" homosexual with an adopted daughter, which was a decision that even [[George Takei]] (Sulu's original actor and a prominent homosexual activist) took issue with.<ref>http://time.com/4398071/george-takei-simon-pegg-sulu-gay-star-trek-beyond/</ref>
|$343.5 million
|-
|''The Stepford Wives''
|1975
|R
|[[Feminist]] [[polemic]]. Ends with the protagonist beating her husband with an iron fireplace poker. The film's release coincided with the height of the [[ERA]] movement.
|$4 million
|-
|''Stonewall''
|2015
|R
|Based on the 1969 Stonewall Riots, this film is a pro-homosexual film that pushes the homosexual agenda. It's rather ironic to note that the film, itself, is a victim of historical revisionism, offensive racial stereotypes, and exclusion of the representation of minorities. While the filmmakers tried to defend their artistic decisions, the film was overwhelmingly criticized by critics and audiences (even liberals, not surprisingly, hated the film) and failed to make its play for awards consideration during the 2015 Oscar season.
|$187,674
|-
|''Straight Outta Compton''
|2015
|R
|Glorifies the gangster lifestyle and gangster rap, and portrays the police as racist, along with other anti-police aspects.
|$161,197,785
|-
|''Superbad''
|2007
|R
|Promotes the teenage use of drugs, smoking, alcohol and sex. The whole point of the movie is for a couple of guys to lose their virginity. The movie contains many uses of profanity, underage drinking, and drug use.
|$121,463,226
|-
|''Super Mario in real life''
|2015
|R
|This "Comedy" Made by noted Marxist Leah Hillman Promotes drug use and the Homosexual agenda.
|$550
|-
|''Taking Woodstock''
|2009
|R
|Glorifies the anarchistic and chaotic Woodstock festival in 1969 as well as the Hippie Movement, painting their various lewd actions, including homosexuality, in a positive light. Also has some elements of anti-Semitism due to the main character's parents who acted as Holocaust survivors being portrayed in an unsympathetic light.<ref>https://www.breitbart.com/big-hollywood/2009/08/28/taking-woodstock-mythologizing-the-worst-generation/</ref>
|$10 million
|-
|''Tammy''
|2014
|R
|Movie about a lazy unemployed woman who after losing her job, basically turns to a life of crime. As the film is about her and her grandma hitting the road, committing robberies, doing illegal prescription drugs, and buying beers for teenagers. They have a Fourth of July party with no typical festivities, and is more like a drunken sex party, as the grandma reveals her breasts to the guest (the audience does not see them though).
|$84,525,432
|-
|''Tank Girl''
|1995
|R
|Based on the left-wing comic, this film glorifies feminism and debauchery while making the capitalists the bad guys.
|$4,064,495
|-
|''Thank You For Smoking''
|2006
|R
|The title is self-exploratory, depicts cigarette endorsers as heroes.
|$24,793,509
|-
|''That's My Boy''
|2012
|R (originally NC-17)
|Depsite staring conservative actor Adams Sandler this films depicts pedophilia, statutory rape, gerontophilia, child neglect, incest, and other forms of aberrant sexuality as "funny".
|$57.7 million
|-
|''There's Something About Mary''
|1998
|R
|Contains gratuitous sex and jokes about bodily functions.
|$176,484,651
|-
|''To Find a Man''
|1972
|
|Pretty much a 90-minute abortion propaganda film.
|
|-
|''Trash H*****s''
|2010
|NR
|Shows decadent behavior in a positive light and glamorizes sexual deviancy. Also the film is riddled with profanity, even the title has a naughty word (which was censored here).
|
|-
|''Uncle Sam''
|1996
|R
|Depicts the heroes as a jaded amputated war veteran and a draft dodger, and the main villain as an extremely sociopathic soldier who joined the Army to kill as many people as he wanted, and the latter is depicted as being hyper-patriotic.
|$2,000,000
|-
|''Under the Same Moon (La Misma Luna)''
|2007
|PG-13
|Baselessly supports illegal immigration despite a pro-family sentiment.
|$23,311,391
|-
|''Up In Smoke''
|1978
|R
|Stoner film that just promotes the use of smoking marijuana.
|$44,364,244
|-
|''Waterworld''
|1995
|PG-13
|Suggests that "[[global warming]]" was real, and the Earth has now become a flooded post-apocalyptic wasteland.
|$88,246,220
|-
|''The Wolf of Wall Street''
|2013
|R
|Blatantly promotes excessive, endless drug use, portraying it in a positive light, and claiming that illegal drugs such as [[heroin]] give people the will to keep working hard and stay focused and positive, as well as various forms of graphic and illicit sexual activity and voyeurism, (both heterosexual and in one scene, homosexual) and non-stop use of the f-word and hundreds of other profanities throughout. Portrays capitalists on [[Wall Street]] as greedy self-absorbed criminals obsessed with sex, drugs and violence in the form of the protagonist Jordan Belfort. Many audiences were shocked that this did not receive an NC-17 rating upon its release, especially since morality-deprived director [[Martin Scorsese]] broke the ''[[South Park]]'' movie's record for most uses of the F-word with his film. Christina McDowell, the daughter of Tom Prousalis, one of the people involved in Belfort's crimes, wrote a memoir on the subject specifically to call out Scorsese and DiCaprio for failing to recognize the victims of Belfort in the film, something even the most praiseworthy critics of the film admitted was a flaw.
|$116,900,694
|-
|''A Wrinkle in Time''
|2018
|PG
|A live action adaptation of the book of the same name by Disney, the film managed to completely cut out many references to Jesus Christ and biblical verses, as well as completely altered the joyous singing to remove any reference to God.<ref>https://pjmedia.com/faith/disneys-wrinkle-time-erases-books-bible-quotes-cuts-jesus-christian-figures-history/</ref> Needless to say, it opened to a box office bomb.<ref>https://movieweb.com/a-wrinkle-in-time-movie-review-2018/</ref>
|$132.6 million
|-
|''W.R.: Mystery of the Organism''
|1971
|NR
|Essentially a plotless film riddled with disgusting orgies.
|
|-
|''Whatever Works''
|2009
|PG-13
|A promotion of liberal values including homosexuality, nihilism, and various forms of sexual deviancy such as May-December Romances, misanthropy, and promiscuity, and also implies that even those with the strongest faith in Christianity and conservative have it vanish in an instant upon setting foot in New York City.<ref>https://www.breitbart.com/entertainment/2009/07/16/whatever-works-doesnt/</ref> Also notable as Woody Allen overtly pushing nihilism and complete selfishness as an absolute positive, in stark contrast to past films where he at least depicted some negative consequences to selfish behavior.<ref>https://www.breitbart.com/entertainment/2009/07/03/Review--Whatever-Works/</ref>
|$35.1 million<ref>http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=main&id=whateverworks.htm</ref>
|-
|''X-Men'' franchise
|2000-2019
|PG-13 (R for Deadpool & Deadpool 2)
|Unlike the comics they're based on (which were about civil rights)<ref>https://www.nuskool.com/learn/lesson/mlk-and-malcolm-x-the-civil-rights-movement-and-the-x-men-origins/</ref> liberals used this movie franchise to further the [[homosexual agenda]]<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T543J2L-gXU</ref><ref>http://www.cracked.com/article_20497_5-great-movies-with-mind-blowing-symbolism-you-didnt-notice.html</ref> Bryan Singer director of four of the films (whom is also homosexual) was also cited for sexual assault of a minor.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/18/business/media/in-lawsuit-director-of-new-x-men-film-is-accused-of-sexual-assault.html?rref=homepage&_r=0</ref> And the sexual abuse has continued to this day especially with the various similar scandals that came out in Hollywood starting with Harvey Weinstein.<ref>https://www.breitbart.com/big-hollywood/2017/11/08/usc-taking-student-petition-remove-bryan-singers-name-cinema-school-seriously/</ref> Likewise, it was noted that Singer during filming for the first movie did not allow for the comics to be on the set, despite the film being based on them.<ref>http://fourcolormedmon.blogspot.com/2017/11/3-filmmakers-working-on-comics-projects.html</ref> It was also anti-Military, especially in the second film and to some extent X-Men Origins: Wolverine, as the main villain, William Stryker, was the head of a para-military group and depicted as very genocidal against mutants, and was also implied to be a Vietnam War veteran. This had been added in by screenwriter David Hayter, due to his experiences with the ''[[Metal Gear Solid]]'' series.
|$1,817,894,919 (all together)
|-
|''The To Do List''
|2013
|
|Promoting sexual promiscuity and feminist sexual thoughts to teenage girls.
|$3.9 million
|-
|''Vicky Cristina Barcelona''
|2008
|
|Promoting sexual promiscuity, threesome relationships, adultery and prostitution.
|$96.4 million
|}

==Animated films==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Film
!Year
!Rating
!Comments
!Gross (Domestic)
|-
|''Alpha and Omega''
|2010
|PG
|This animated film about wolves promotes disorderly conduct based on the zany antics of an omega wolf named Humphrey. It can be seen as pro-environmentalist as well because some members of the wolf pack try to start eating berries as opposed to caribou, despite wolves being natural carnivores. Alpha wolves are painted in an elitist light for being determined and hard workers. One female wolf named Kate can be described as a modern feminist. Similarly to the other liberal film, ''Open Season'', it spawned multiple unneeded direct-to-video sequels. It is also somewhat comparable to the other liberal film called ''Barnyard: The Original Party Animals'', only in that movie's case, it had a subsequent television series called ''Back at the Barnyard'' as opposed to film sequels.
|$25,107,267
|-
|''Alpha and Omega'' sequels
|2013-2017
|PG
|These direct-to-video sequels follow the characters from the first ''Alpha and Omega'' movie, along with showing themes from that film. The sequels encourage disobedient behavior, for the pups of Kate and Humphrey often ignore their parents telling them to stay at home; they even try justifying this by telling their parents in the sixth movie that they get into "situations" by being told to be kind and caring. An instance of racism is shown in the fifth film by three porcupines being told to be friends because they look alike.
|N/A (Direct to Video)
|-
|''Animals United'' (Konferenz der Tiere in German)
|2010
|PG
|A goofy meerkat and a pacifistic lion journey with other animals from around the world (a polar bear, two tortoises, a kangaroo, a Tasmanian devil, and a rooster) to take down a dam built by humans, which had caused the Okavango Delta to dry up. This movie based on a children's book promotes a heavy environmentalist message, with the animals saying that all humans are causing bad things to happen all around the world (like causing a polar bear's snowy home to melt and letting the Outback catch on fire). The ending of the movie amps the environmental message up to eleven with many animals storming the cities, news reporters saying that the animals are going to make the humans pay for ruining the world.
|£2,133,051
|-
|''The Ant Bully''
|2006
|PG
|This pro-Communist film's main message of the power of the individual to be more powerful than one another is a bad thing. The exterminator, apparently the main antagonist, is vilified for simply doing his job, thus giving the animation an environmentalist message.
|$28,142,535
|-
|''Astro Boy''
|2009
|PG
|Based loosely on the 1952 manga and 1963 anime, liberal producers and writers twisted the cartoon to fit their [[Communist]] agenda.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y4Jqlxd7ufM</ref> This strategy backfired, however, and the film was a critical failure.<ref>http://www.cartoonbrew.com/feature-film/astro-boys-abysmal-opening-and-imagis-sinking-ship-17586.html</ref>
|$19,551,067
|-
|''Barnyard: The Original Party Animals''
|2006
|PG
|Set on a barnyard where animals speak and behave like humans in the absence of real humans, this ''Lion King'' clone stars a bull who witnesses his father die after being wounded by coyotes, then gradually accepts the responsibilities that come with being the leader of his animal community. Nevertheless, ''Barnyard'' accepts disorderly conduct because the animals still party recklessly, even with a serious, dedicated bull in charge. Plus, it portrays humans as either ignorant or stupid and persecutes coyotes for being carnivores. The neurotic ferret Freddy goes to liberal lengths to avoid temptation to eat his rooster friend by becoming a [[vegetarianism|vegetarian]]. Not only that, but the bulls lack horns and have female udders, and there are brief scenes referencing alcohol and gambling.
|$116,500,000
|-
|''Battle for Terra''
|2007
|PG
|This animation has environmentalist overtones and portrays a Bible-quoting, American-esque military general as the main antagonist.
|$1,647,083
|-
|''Brave''
|2012
|PG
|One of Pixar's less memorable animations stars Merida, a feminist Medieval Scottish princess who refuses to marry, believing it will cause her to lose her life of archery and adventure, thus demonstrating poor family values throughout. Of course, because this is a feminist propaganda piece, the men in the film are oafish compared to the women, too. Egregiously, Merida was added to the Disney Princess lineup regardless of the poor morals she demonstrates throughout the film and being created by Pixar, not by Disney directly. Also has a similar setting to Great Conservative Film; How to Train Your Dragon which was released two year before.
|$540.4 million
|-
|''Cars 2''
|2011
|G
|This Pixar sequel demonizes oil companies while aggrandizing ethanol (mentioned as Allinall). On the film's political agenda, director John Lasseter commented: "Why isn't alternative fuel more... Why isn't everybody jumping on that bandwagon? It makes so much sense: Electricity, solar, whatever. There's ethanol. There's all this stuff you could be doing. And so I thought, well, that could be really cool in that you could have big oil versus alternative fuel. That's when we kind of crafted the bad guy's story."
|$191,450,875
|-
|''Chicken Little''
|2005
|G
|This painfully unoriginal animation, which was adapted from a 1943 World War II propaganda short by conservative filmmaker Walt Disney (which was itself adapted from one of Aesop's fables), ridicules family values, especially when the title chicken's widower father, Buck "Ace" Cluck, is shown to be willing to disown his son. Later on, when the aliens proceed to attempt to invade and detonate Earth, it is simply because they thought it is a living organism that kidnapped one of their children. The film is borderline nihilistic because the townspeople are mean-spirited and frequently bully Chicken Little, and a brief gag implies that warping someone's mind against their will is acceptable. As one of the worst theatrical productions ever made by the Walt Disney Company under [[Michael Eisner]], the film's mean-spirited and deeply cynical plot line is suspected to have been done to compete with [[DreamWorks]] animated films helmed by [[Jeffrey Katzenberg]].
|$135,386,665
|-
|''Delhi Safari''
|2012
|PG
|A leopard cub and his mother in India join a gang of animals (a bear, a monkey, and a pet parrot) in their journey to Delhi to make the humans stop destroying their homes. This movie is very environmentalist, examples being the parrot Alex pleading with the humans to "share the world" with the animals, which results in laws of environmentalism being passed and apartment buildings being cancelled.
|$3.10 million
|-
|''Delgo''
|2008
|PG
|This pagan film has horrible scenes of violence, war, and mass murder. It performed so horribly at the box office that it was criticized for potentially traumatizing young children and was pulled from theaters after a week. It is currently the lowest-grossing computer animated film of all time.
|$694,782
|-
|''The Emoji Movie''
|2017
|PG (Should be PG-13 for multiple references to the dreaded S-word in profanity)
|Not only is this film clearly an infomercial for various smartphone applications and features thinly disguised as an unoriginal take on the "hero's journey" story archetype, but it appears to devalue human language: the main teenager Alex can only win over his crush by communicating via text messages comprised exclusively of emojis, and a background teenager even says, "Words aren't cool". Openly homosexual writer and director Anthony "Tony" Leondis considers the movie a deeply personal project for him: the main character is a sentient emoji who is different from his friends with his ability to show multiple expressions, which reflects Leondis' laughable belief that he is an outcast when, in reality, Hollywood praises that sort of sinful sexuality. The film briefly glorifies [[Facebook]], the world's largest social network and a hotbed for narcissism and relationship destruction; gives minor lip service to feminism in the form of Jailbreak, a computer hacker girl emoji who refuses to be the princess emoji she was created to be; and has been unfavorably compared to ''Wreck-It Ralph'' and ''Inside Out'', two great conservative animations, plus the ambiguously conservative ''LEGO Movie''.<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ydvQB-4bBfQ</ref> Worst of all, TJ Miller, who voices the lead emoji, once said the film is a subtle protest against [[Donald Trump]] based on allegations that Trump wants to censor Hollywood and other liberally biased media.
|$25,650,000
|-
|''FernGully: The Last Rainforest''
|1992
|G
|Environmental [[propaganda]], with an anti-industry message, is indoctrinated into children.
|$24,650,296
|-
|''Food Fight''
|2012
|PG
|Aside from being considered one of the worst computer animated films, the film vilifies capitalism and leading companies.
|N/A
|-
|''Free Birds''
|2013
|PG
|This animated film's main premise is about taking turkey off of the Thanksgiving menu.
|$55,750,480
|-
|''Gnomeo and Juliet''
|2011
|PG
|This disturbing love story contains a joke that could be interpreted as passing off bestiality (in this case, with a garden gnome, which is normally an ''inanimate object'') as funny.
|$194 million
|-
|''Happy Feet''
|2006
|PG
|This environmentalist film pushes the envelope to some extent with sexual humor and implied persecution against Christians.<ref name="6 Kids Films Filled with Green Propaganda">https://pjmedia.com/lifestyle/2014/3/22/6-kids-films-filled-with-green-propaganda/2/</ref>
|$198,000,317
|-
|''Happy Feet 2''
|2011
|PG
|Like the first ''Happy Feet'', it does not push the envelope too much as far as sexual humor goes, but it goes even further with themes of environmentalism as it pushes the global warming agenda. Staunch liberal actors Matt Damon and Brad Pitt voice two krill who are implied to be homosexual.<ref name="6 Kids Films Filled with Green Propaganda" />
|$64,006,466
|-
|''Home''
|2015
|PG
|Contains environmental, illegal immigration messages, and somewhat supports the homosexual agenda as well.
|$177,397,510
|-
|''The Hunchback of Notre Dame''
|1996
|G
|Released during liberal maniac [[Michael Eisner]]'s reign of terror at Disney, the film does everything in its power to persecute Christians. The original source material was not intended for children, yet the Disney film was marketed as such to young audiences. In some cases, the film actually manages to be even darker than the original book by Victor Hugo: originally, Quasimodo's vicious punishment at the hands of the Parisians during the Feast of Fools ceremony was out of corporal punishment; while in the Disney film, it had been done at the whim of the Parisians just for the sake of it. To make the film even darker, a gypsy genocide plot is introduced, and Paris was also the victim of arson late into the film. This is a stark contrast to most other Disney film adaptations, which have a history of toning down the original works (as in ''The Jungle Book'', in which Disney advised the writers to ignore the book specifically because its contents were unsuitable for children). Even worse, the DVD commentary for the film boasted that they deliberately had the villain, Judge Claude Frollo, when symbolically falling to hell in "Hellfire", assuming the pose of the crucifix.<ref>DVD Commentary: "Here's some more of our ham-fisted symbolism--Frollo falls down in the shape of a crucifix!"</ref> Some mild language is present, too (namely the word "damnation" and "eternal damnation"). Worst of all, one of the male gargoyles falls in love with Djali, who is explicitly male, which means that liberals will subtly shoehorn the homosexual agenda into anything, even the gargoyles of Notre Dame. There is also a bit of forced diversity in the movie as well, as Esmerelda is altered to be a full Gypsy by birth (in the original book, she was in fact ethnically French, the daughter of a French anchoress, and had been abducted by gypsies and raised by them).
|$100,138,851
|-
|The Legend of Frosty the Snowman
|2005
|Not Rated
|This film is a bastardization of the original [[Frosty the Snowman]] special in which it retcons almost everything to push an anti-comformity message and presents youth rebellion in a positive light.
|
|-
|''The Legend of the Titanic''
|1999
|Not Rated
|This animation bastardizes a horrific, tragic historical event in the name of making a statement against the whaling industry. It even has a sequel in 2004, which is not only horrific but is also flat-out bizarre.
|
|-
|''Mars Needs Moms''
|2011
|PG
|A 9-year-old boy named Milo defies his mother, behaves in disorderly conduct, and is somewhat [[Nihilist|nihilistic]]. Family values are poked fun at. It also has a brief scene poking fun at the great conservative leader, [[Ronald Reagan]].
|$39 million
|-
|''My Little Pony: The Movie''
|2017
|G
|Based on the bad [[anime]]-influenced liberal television series ''My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic'', this unnecessary film has the same liberal messages, relating to witchcraft, feminism, socialism, and environmentalism.
|$21,885,107
|-
|''Norm of the North''
|2016
|PG
|This poorly-received animation makes an environmentalist polar bear the hero and vilifies major businesses in the form of a greedy real estate mogul in a possible jab at Donald Trump. Three sequels promoting the same environmental message have been released since 2019.
|$24.8 million
|-
|''The Nut Job''
|2014
|PG
|An incorrigibly self-serving exiled squirrel finds himself helping his former park creatures survive by raiding a nut store, which celebrates disorderly conduct, nonconformity, and environmentalism. One of the antagonists is a head businessman because he does not comply with environmentalism.
|$64,251,541
|-
|''The Nut Job 2: Nutty by Nature''
|2017
|PG
|In the sequel to ''The Nut Job'', the businessman villain returns to try to build an amusement park, again persecuted for not being an environmentalist.
|$26,989,904 (Still in Theaters)
|-
|''Open Season''
|2006
|PG
|Although conservative star Gary Sinise appears, environmentalism and hate speech against hunters runs rampant.
|$85,105,259
|-
|''Over the Hedge''
|2006
|PG
|Based upon the comic strip of the same name, animals who are struggling to steal food from trash for the winter are the heroes, while humans are painted as ignorant, uncaring towards animals (clearly an environmentalist message), and obsessed with food. Plus, a businesswoman is the main antagonist, and an exterminator is scorned for simply doing his job. In addition, one of the other main antagonists of the film (and the only animal main antagonist), Vincent the Bear, is villainized for forcing RJ the Raccoon to replace the food he had after the latter in a botched attempt to steal food that Vincent had hoarded for the winter ended up accidentally destroying the food stash, with an ad-libbed scene in the climax having Vincent admit that he got where he was by "backstabbing, betraying, and murdering" those that placed trust in him, which can be interpreted as a dig against Capitalism and the concept of private property.
|$155,019,340
|-
|''ParaNorman''
|2012
|PG
|The very ending of the film pulls a swerve and reveals that one of the characters, Mitch Downe, as being homosexual, ignoring the fact that he was not even implied to be that earlier. This decision had been made by the director Chris Butler.
|$107.1 million
|-
|''Peter Rabbit''
|2018
|G
|The movie was a complete trashing of the popular British children's book series of the same name, promoting environmentalism by having the rightful owner of the farm, Thomas MacGregor, be vilified simply for trying to farm the vegetable garden that legally belonged to him, and the various farm animals being portrayed positively in interfering with his business, with one of their plans against MacGregor even going so far as to have Peter Rabbit murder him by exploiting a food allergy that he had and it is treated in a positive manner. It was such that even the liberal website [[TV Tropes]] grudgingly acknowledged under the articles "Unintentionally Sympathetic" and "Unintentionally Unsympathetic" that Thomas was closer to being in the right than Peter and his friends were. A sequel titled ''Peter Rabbit 2: The Runaway'' is set to be released in 2021.
|$146,983,492
|-
|''Pocahontas''
|1995
|G
|This feminist story follows a highly fictionalized account of the life of [[Native American]] [[Pocahontas]] with an environmental message; and the Native American’s view against English settlers is similar to Howard Zinn's revisionist history textbook ''A People's History of the United States'', which would entered public knowledge and provided to universities, colleges, and high schools across America two years later (see ''Good Will Hunting''). The titular character enters what is implied to be an unfaithful relationship with John Smith over fellow Native American Kokoum, and her decision is treated in a comparatively positive light; while the English settlers are vilified simply for establishing the early American colonies to find Jamestown, and John Ratcliffe in particular was demonized as having the motive of trying to establish a gold mine and being greedy, despite gold never being the motive for Ratcliffe, which could be interpreted as a dig against capitalism. Following the Best Picture nomination of ''Beauty and the Beast'' at the 64th Academy Awards and its subsequent loss in March 1992, then-studio chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg opted to produce another animated sweeping romantic epic in hopes of achieving a cinematic masterpiece status and replicating another Best Picture nomination, even if he intended to distort history and add both a love story and environmental themes. In fact, many people at Disney had high hopes for ''Pocahontas'', while deeming the concept of another film in production, ''The Lion King'' as experimental. To their surprise, ''The Lion King'' became one of the greatest animated motion pictures of all time, while ''Pocahontas'' received mixed critical reviews and below-than-expected box office receipts.
|$141,579,773
|-
|''Pokémon: Zoroark - Master of Illusions''
|2010 (Japan); 2011 (America)
|G
|The anime film's villain is a successful businessman, which is a statement against capitalism, and one of the main protagonists of the film, Karl (perhaps named for [[Karl Marx]]), is based on the radical left-wing schlockumentarian Michael Moore.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20130122121711/http://www.gamefreak.co.jp/blog/art/wp-content/images/1008/kuruto.jpg</ref>
|
|-
|''Princess Mononoke''
|1997
|PG-13
|Environmentalist, feminist anime film on on steroids, where the forest gods are at war with a mining colony (whom are portrayed as the "bad guys").
|$2,375,308
|-
|''Quest for Camelot''
|1998
|G
|This revisionist take on Arthurian legend throws everything that makes the source material great (Christianity, heroism, bravery, etc.) out the window for the sake of advocating feminism and wanting to be as worthy a Disney animated musical film (Its from Warner Bros), only to be panned by critics in the end. Even though it's suppose to a G-rated family comedy, an incest joke appears as well.<ref>https://www.imdb.com/character/ch0100869/quotes</ref>
|$22,510,798
|-
|''Sausage Party''
|2016
|R
|As the first R-rated American animated film to be released by a major film studio in the United States following 1999's ''South Park: Bigger, Longer, and Uncut'', ''Sausage Party'' blatantly criticizes religion and deceives audiences into think that, without religion and the existence of God, everyone can enjoy the most selfish, crude, and debauched activities (e.g. humanism, homosexuality, obscenity, and non-stop sexual intercourse) without guilt or a sense of a "religious obligation". Made by Nitrogen Studios. A typical offensive and raunchy comedy film by modern Hollywood standards, directors Conrad Vernon and Greg Tiernan, producer Megan Ellison, producer/writer Evan Goldberg, and producer/writer/actor Seth Rogen (all of them fiercely liberal and some, ironically, of Jewish origin) made this film to bastardize the animation genre, as well as to push the liberal Hollywood agenda on politics and religion. Animated feature films, for the past century, have enthralled and enhanced audiences around the world, as the best ones tell timely stories that children, teenagers, and adults alike can relate to and enjoy. The makers of ''Sausage Party'' seemed to not care about any of this, as they made this untimely film strictly for adults, as they believed that there aren't and should be any animated films for adults only to enjoy. Their warped belief is made very clear by the film's criticism and parody of many other animated films (namely Disney animations) as well as the presence of regular Disney collaborator Alan Menken as the film's songwriter. Altogether, ''Sausage Party'' is painfully unfunny and has virtually no plot or philosophical merit. Upon release, only liberally biased film critics praised the film, while general audiences were repulsed by it.

On a side note, ''Sausage Party'' has attracted a great deal of criticism on two additional issues. First, the animators worked under poor, cruel conditions and were forced by the directors to work overtime without pay. Thirty-six of the 83 animators were blacklisted and went uncredited in the film, believed to be due to their complaints; comments made in anonymous interviews of some of the animators involved in the project by ''Variety'', ''The Washington Post'', and ''The Hollywood Reporter'' alleged that the comments were accurate. All the animators in the film were told outright that they would be blacklisted if they did not work overtime without pay. Second, a red-band trailer for the film was accidentally played before a showing of the Walt Disney Pictures/Pixar Animation Studios' PG-rated and family-oriented ''Finding Dory'', at a Concord, California multiplex in mid-June 2016.<ref>http://ew.com/article/2016/06/29/theater-plays-sausage-party-trailer-before-finding-dory-apologizes/</ref> The theater staff had forgotten to switch out an adult-audience trailer roll for one meant for G and PG-rated films, when adding additional screens to carry ''Finding Dory'' to meet audience demand. The incident occurred only once, and the theater apologized, while Rogen [[Twitter|tweeted]] that the story "made his day".
|$89,645,124
|-
|''The Secret World of Arrietty''
|2010
|G
|Japanese anime film is about a tiny homeless family that steals from regular people. Demonizes capitalism and promotes redistribution of wealth.
|$19,202,743
|-
|''[[Shark Tale]]''
|2004
|PG
|Promotes multiculturalism and the deuteragonist of the film is a great white shark who is a vegetarian. Besides for being pro-vegan it is also a metaphor for being homosexual.<ref>http://gaylife.about.com/od/moviestheatre/a/sharktale.htm</ref>
|$160,861,908
|-
|''Tax the Rich: An Animated Fairytale''
|2012
|N/A
|An animated film written by [[Fred Glass]], narrated by [[Ed Asner]], and made for the California Federation of Teachers. It repeated rhetoric made by the [[Occupy Wall Street]] group about taxing the rich to have "their fair share" and demonized Capitalism in various ways, including blaming it on Asian sweatshops as well as the housing bubble bursting in 2008. [[Kirsten Powers]], a member of [[The Daily Beast]], and herself no stranger to liberal politics, acknowledged alongside conservative economist for ''The Daily Caller'' Tucker Carson on the Sean Hannity show that the cartoon was simply inexcusable and disgusting, with Sean Hannity also explicitly referring to it as a "disgusting hit piece".<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/sean-hannity-slams-ed-asner-398102</ref><ref>http://reagancoalition.com/articles/2012/20121206006-ca-union-class.html</ref> The film was particularly infamous for a scene where, in a segment covering the trickle-down effect, a corpulent rich man representing the 1% of wealthy Americans, after having the scales literally stacked up in his favor regarding money, upon being asked why the 1% needed so much money, he responded "Don't worry, this is good for you too, it will trickle down from us to you", with the latter statement being accompanied with a graphic of the rich man proceeding to urinate on the other ordinary people as they yell in protest. Although later versions freeze the footage just before the man pees on the crowd in response to the complaints about the scene, it was still implied by residual audio of the urine stream. Sean Hannety and Michelle Malkin of the Sean Hannety Show both expressed disgust with the video when covering it, and when one of the producers confronted Ed Asner as the latter was about to attend one of his roles at a play, the latter falsely claimed he didn't remember what he said on it, and also claimed that the bit about rich people peeing on poor people was disgusting only because it should have been in reverse, and then asked the producer if he had any money, and if so, if he should "p*** on [the producer]."<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gr1ZzsAzq_M</ref>
|N/A
|-
|''Tentacolino'' (AKA ''In Search of the Titanic'')
|2004
|Not Rated
|The notorious sequel to ''The Legend of the Titanic'' stars the characters of the first movie trying to find the sunken [[RMS Titanic]] only to be taken to the mythical city of Atlantis. This North Korean film paints being held prisoner in a positive light, for the king of Atlantis forces the main characters to stay in Atlantis forever, and Don Juan even willingly submits to being taken prisoner. It also shows disrespect towards the tragedy of the Titanic by referring to the Titanic as "mythical". Family values are even tossed aside where the main characters are more concerned about seeing Atlantis again than their families back home. A sequel TV series was released in 2011 with the same bad values and strange nature.
|€4,000,000
|-
|''A Troll in Central Park''
|1994
|G
|Considered by many to be Don Bluth's worst film, the movie stars a troll named Stanley exiled from the Land of Trolls and ends up in Central Park, meeting two children. He also ends up being a little ''too'' happy with a little girl kissing him on the cheek. The end of the movie has an environmental message when Stanley causes plants to grow all over the city, potentially causing trouble for people in New York City.
|$71,368
|-
|}

==Schlockumentaries==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Film
!Year
!Rating
!Comments
!Gross (Domestic)
|-
|''[[The 11th Hour]]''
|2007
|PG
|This environmental schlockumentary produced and narrated by actor [[Leonardo DiCaprio]] endorses the theory of [[Anthropogenic global warming]].
|$707,343
|-
|Almost any film directed by [[Michael Moore]]
|
|
|All of his "documentaries" are composed of left-wing propaganda, promoting concepts such as universal health care, socialism, anti-Capitalist views, and gun control, and if that's not enough, he blatantly skews facts to push his agenda.
|
|-
|''American Factory''
|2019
|
|Don't let the title fool you into thinking it is patriotic. It covers the Chinese takeover of a GM plant as well as socialism in a positive light, and was made by the production company that the Obamas formed. The documentary gained additional notoriety when one of the producers of the film, Julia Reichert, quoted Karl Marx during her acceptance speech.<ref>https://us24news.com/blog/2020/02/10/oscars-go-communist-winning-producer-quotes-karl-marx-and-obama-praises-her/</ref>
|
|-
|''[[An Inconvenient Truth]]''
|2006
|PG
|[[Al Gore]]'s [[global warming]] alarmist [[schlockumentary]].
|$24,146,161
|-
|''An Inconvenient Sequel: Truth to Power''
|2017
|PG
|Unanswered sequel to Al Gore's 2006 schlockumentary, ''An Inconvenient Truth''.
|
|-
|''Arctic Tale''
|2007
|G
|A documentary film geared towards children that pushes the false narrative of global warming and polar bears going extinct from melting ice caps.
|$1,858,064
|-
|''Better This World''
|2011
|Not Rated
|2011 documentary "feature length lie" is a [[PBS]] film regarding the thwarted domestic terrorist attack at the 2008 [[Republican National Convention]] and liberals attempt to re-write history.
|NA-TV
|-
|''Blackfish''
|2013
|PG-13
|A [[CNN]] documentary film about the captivity of Tilikum, an orca involved in the deaths of three individuals, and the consequences of keeping orcas in captivity, that is nothing but a propaganda film full of so many lies.<ref>https://seaworldcares.com/the-facts/truth-about-blackfish/</ref> The film gained high ratings on movie review websites, making it seem the film brainwashes critics.
|$2,073,582
|-
|''[[Bowling for Columbine]]''
|2002
|R
|A 2002 schlockumentary directed by and starring [[leftist]] propagandist Michael Moore. It is a pro-[[gun control]] film and distorts facts in favor of gun-grabbing. Also included a "Brief history of the USA" segment using animation mirroring that of [[South Park]], that distorted historical facts to make it seem as though guns were implemented by racists, which actually led to the South Park [[libertarian]] creators to condemn him, enough to give Moore a cameo in Team America as a suicide bomber and make his death especially graphic.
|$21,576,018
|-
|Cosmos: A SpaceTime Odyssey
|2014
|TV-PG
|Darwinism and global warming alarmism are disguised as science.
|N/A
|-
|''Fahrenheit 11/9''
|2018
|R
| [[Donald Trump]] hit piece by none other than Michael Moore. Trump got the last laugh as it ended up flopping at the box office <ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C2HyTh_6iyA</ref>
|-
|''The God Who Wasn't There'
|2005
|NR
|This documentary by noted skeptic [[Brian Flemming]] attempts to reinforce the massive wave of atheist propaganda from the internet.
|
|-
|''[[Jesus Camp]]''
|2006
|PG-13
|This baseless attack on conservative Christianity later incited [[liberal vandalism]] of the Bible camp shown in the film.
|$902,544
|-
|''Hail Satan''
|2019
|R
|Attempts to "humanize" followers of [[The Satanic Temple]] and literal [[satanism]], specifically depicting them as they try to get their monuments to [[Satan]] on government property and push their evil ideology on children, all while vilifying Christian values and portraying Conservative activists like Jason Rapert, an Arkansas State Senator who successfully got a monument of the [[10 Commandments]] erected in front of the Arkansas State Capitol building, as un-patriotic bigots.
|
|-
|''Hearts and Minds''
|1974
|Not Rated
|A documentary about the Vietnam War that was inherently anti-American in its nature. Also, depicts [[Catholic]]s as bigots. It also had a brief clip at the beginning which had the rolling crew having one of the higher officers forced to talk to them with the false promise that they'd burn the tape once he is finished with it. It also has several moments of graphic sex between soldiers and Vietnamese prostitutes. It also implies throughout the film that several atrocities conducted by the North Vietnamese communists were done by Americans, including the footage where a girl ends up burned by [[napalm]] and running out naked. Noteworthy for being almost single-handedly responsible for forcing America out of Vietnam (even having the NVA mailing the producers thanking them for "ensuring peace" in Vietnam) as well as it being an influence for far-left schlockumentarist/propagandist Michael Moore, with some of its filming techniques even being reused for ''Farenheit 9/11''.
|Unknown
|-
|''Inside Job''
|2010
|PG-13
|Democrat donor Charles Ferguson blames the Great Recession of 2008 on Wall Street, unspecified deregulations, the Bush Administration, and so on. He whitewashes [[Fannie Mae]] and [[Freddie Mac]]'s role and virtually eschews any mention of the Community Reinvestment Act. While advertised as nonpartisan, it contains various interviews with Democratic politicians but none with Republican politicians. Finally, Ferguson blames the financial system for corrupting American politics.
|$4,312,735
|-
|''[[Loose Change 9/11: An American Coup]]''
|2009
|
|[[Truthers]] Dylan Avery and Korey Rowe blame America for [[9/11]]. Conspiracy Theorist [[Alex Jones]] worked as Executive Producer (and don't let his paleoconservative/libertarian views fool you into thinking it is in any way a conservative documentary).
|Unknown
|-
|''Lost in Tel Aviv''
|2008
|Not Rated
|A couple strives to make a filthy, [[South Park]]-esque animated series.
|Unknown
|-
|''Makers: Women who Make America''
|2013-2014
|Unrated
|A documentary glorifying [[Feminism]], in particular, the faction that started with [[Betty Friedan]]'s ''The Second Sex''. Also features as examples of role models and pioneers of feminism such degenerates as [[Lena Dunham]] (creator of the liberal TV series ''Girls''), Linda Woolverton, [[Hillary Clinton]], [[Ellen DeGeneres]], [[Jane Fonda]], and [[Gloria Allred]]. On top of that, there's no mention of conservatives [[Margaret Thatcher]], [[Sarah Palin]], [[Phyllis Schlafly]], [[Michele Bachman]] or [[Carly Fiorina]]. Only showing more of their bias.
|N/A
|-
|''McLibel''
|1997 (TV version)
2005 (Extended version)
|
|The fast food industry is blamed for environmental issues in a manner similar to ''Super Size Me'' and the liberal book ''Fast Food Nation''. Unsurprisingly, Morgan Spurlock, the director of ''Super Size Me'', and Eric Schlosser, author of ''Fast Food Nation'', are present.
|
|-
|''Mea Maxima Culpa: Silence in the House of God''
|2012
|NR
|Liberal Alex Gibney attacks Christianity.
|
|-
|''Religulous''
|2008
|R
|[[Militant atheism|Militant atheist]] "Comedian" [[Bill Maher]] tries to convince the audience of what he perceives to be the folly of all religion, with a special focus on Christianity.
|$13,011,160
|-
|''[[The Road We’ve Traveled]]''
|2012
|Not rated
|[[Tom Hanks]] directs & narrates Barack Obama's supposed achievements
|NA
|-
|''Roger & Me''
|1989
|R
|[[Michael Moore]] blames capitalism for the downfall of Flint, Michigan instead of the [[trade unions]] that bullied businesses & forced them to ship jobs overseas (due to excessive taxation) or the fact that Flint has been under [[Democratic]] leadership since 1973. Later on, Moore would also admit that he never interviewed Roger Smith.<ref>http://callcenterinfo.tmcnet.com/news/2007/06/16/2717913.htm</ref>
|$6,706,368
|-
|''The Selling of the Pentagon''
|1971
|NR
|CBS pushed this anti-American/anti-Vietnam War propaganda. The producers refused to divulge their sources to the Pentagon, and at least one of the officials involved entered a minor lawsuit against CBS.<ref name="Dan Rather's Day of Reckoning">https://www.weeklystandard.com/print/dan-rathers-day-of-reckoning/article/5895</ref>
|
|-
|''She's Beautiful When She's Angry''
|2014
|NR
|Nothing more than feminist propaganda being passed off as truth.
|$421,573<ref>http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=beautifulwhenangry.htm</ref>
|-
|''Super Size Me''
|2004
|PG-13
|Morgan Spurlock eats nothing but food from McDonald's for a month to show the negative effects of doing so and tries using this experiment that no sane person would attempt to blame [[obesity]] on great capitalist paragons like [[McDonald's]] and [[Sodexo]].
|$11,536,423
|-
|''The Tillman Story''
|2010
|R
|A liberals view of the circumstances surrounding the death of football star and [[Army Ranger]] [[Pat Tillman]]. The film portrays each and every fact as sinister. Plus, each and every fact is evidence of a conspiracy. Typical Hollywood [[George W. Bush]] bashing flick. The [[liberal bias]] was clear, make Tillman a liberal [[atheist]] anti-war hero that was cannon-fodder for the government. Tillman's actions speak louder than any twisted accusations presented in this documentary.
|$802,535
|-
|''Under the Gun''
|2016
|R
|Anti-second amendment, the film was criticized for its inaccuracies.
|
|-
|''The Uncounted Enemy: A Vietnam Deception''
|1982
|NR
|Anti-American/Anti-Vietnam War propaganda that infamously accused General [[William Westmoreland]] of deliberately understating the force strength of the [[Vietcong]] during the Tet Offensive. This resulted in a libel suit made by Westmoreland against CBS that promptly went to court after an internal investigation was issued due to ''TV Guide'' finding damning evidence of similar journalistic malpractice that was practiced in the earlier documentary/propaganda ''The Selling of the Pentagon'', which ultimately resulted in CBS losing its libel insurance, as well as the documentary unit being scrapped when [[Larry Tisch]] took over in 1987.<ref name="Dan Rather's Day of Reckoning" />
|
|-
|''The Wall Within''
|June 2, 1988
|Unrated
|A documentary helmed by extremely liberal "journalist" [[Dan Rather]] that reinforced the false image of Vietnam War veterans being anti-social degenerates suffering from PTSD and drug abuse. Was also particularly infamous in that all six of the "veterans" that were interviewed were later confirmed by various documents to have never even served during the events they mentioned, and even the one who actually DID serve did not do so with boots on the ground and was a repairman.<ref>http://loonybird.com/media_dan_rather.htm</ref>
|N/A
|-
|''Wal-Mart: The High Cost of Low Price''
|2005
|
|This anti-capitalist schlock vilifies [[Wal-Mart]] and other discount stores. Created by the far-left Communist studio Brave New Films.
|$1.5 million
|-
|''Winter Soldier''
|1972
|Not Rated
|The 1972 film about U.S. troops from [[Vietnam]] put on record as baby killers, [[human rights]] violators, and general disservice to America. This myth was propagated by a few anti-war activist liberal actors that never did see combat in Vietnam and some were never in the country. The initial result was to hold hearings in [[Congress]] over the matter. All allegations were proven fabrications, falsehoods, and lies.
|Unknown
|-
|''Years of Living Dangerously''
|2014
|N/A
|Environmental schlockumentary spearheaded by ultra-liberal, [[James Cameron]], and featuring several proponents of [[Hollywood Values]] trying to preach the false idea of [[climate change]].
|
|}

==Anti-Christian and Sacrilegious films==

''See also:'' [[Atheist films]]

IMDb (Internet Movie Database) is an internet based database of information related to films, television programs, home videos, video games, and streaming content and these works rated in terms of their quality.

The IMDb list of [[Atheism|atheist]]/[[agnosticism|agnostic]] themed movies indicates in terms of its ratings that there were many that were poorly done and there were many that were certainly not cinematic masterpieces.<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/list/ls076551036/ Atheism themed movies - IMDb]</ref>

[[Wikipedia]], an online encyclopedia founded by an atheist and [[Agnosticism|agnostic]], has not "Atheist films" or "List of atheist films" articles, but it does have a "List of [[Christianity|Christian]] films" article.<ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Christian_films List of Christian films - Wikipedia]</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Film
!Year
!Rating
!Comments
!Gross (Domestic)
|-
|''2001: A Space Odyssey''
|1968
|G
|Stanley Kubrick's most notable film was controversial upon its release for its atheistic themes, particularly its support of the [[Theory of evolution]].
|$56,954,992
|-
|''After Earth''
|2013
|PG-13
|This box office failure contains a peculiar mix of both evolutionist and [[Scientology|Scientologist]] themes, and it further tarnished M. Night Shyamalan's directorial career.
|$60,522,097
|-
||Almost any film directed by Luis Buñuel
|
|
|Luis Buñuel was an atheist bigoted against Christians. He unjustly ridiculed Christians throughout his filmography and was a pioneer in making this schlock being considered "art" when it is really just offensive, vulgar and grotesque liberal smut.
|
|-
|''Antichrist''
|2009
|NR
|This gruesome film's title says it all: it's full of horrifying imagery juxtaposed to Christian symbols.
|$791,867
|-
|''Battlefield Earth''
|2000
|PG-13
|This Scientologist propaganda piece failed at the box-office and is largely considered to be one of the worst movies ever made. It "won" in nine categories at the Golden Raspberry Awards (aka, the Razzie Awards), making it the most awarded film at the Razzies until ''Jack and Jill'' took its place. Furthermore, it won one-time awards for "Worst Drama of our first 25 Years" during the 2005 awards, as well as "Worst Picture of the Decade" in 2010. Lastly, the film plays into the liberal notion of personal characteristics mattering more than true merits: John Travolta is the star because of his affiliation with the "church" of Scientology.
|$21 million
|-
|''Book of Mormon''
|2011
|R
|Written by atheists Trey Parker and Matt Stone as what they sarcastically call "an atheist's love letter to religion", this musical insults every aspect of the Mormon religion as two of the church's elders embark on a mission to Africa. There are several Biblical inaccuracies, which reflects the writers' insane, misguided belief that Christians will believe anything word-for-word if it's written in the Bible. In one song, a group of tribal Ugandans swears against God in the Ugandan language.
|
|-
|''The Boondock Saints''
|1999
|R
|The characters are supposed to be Christians (or "saints" as the title suggests), but they show themselves as anything but. They dispense their own form of vigilante justice (summary execution) and say the F-word in every sentence they can. The FBI agent who chases them is hinted throughout the film to be [[homosexual]]. Overall, the film is just a vulgar ''[[Death Wish]]'' rip-off.
|
|-
|''Breaking the Waves''
|1996
|R
|It wrongly claims that God rewards and endorses adulterers and prostitution while vilifying devout Christians.
|$3,803,298
|-
|''The Canterbury Tales''
|1972 (Italy and West Germany) 1980 (USA)
|NC-17
|Directed by communist homosexual Italian director Pier Paolo Pasolini, the film is an utter butchering of the seminal work by Geoffery Chaucer, even including movie-exclusive scenes proving that its viewpoint is inherently left-wing and anti-Christian. Among the most infamous additions include two priests engaging in sodomy (only one is punished via execution due to being poor and thus unable to bribe his way out) and Satan defecating out screaming friars.
|N/A
|-
|''Cloud Atlas''
|2012
|R
|Supports the idea of reincarnation and features anti-Christian undertones. Additionally, supports the idea of homosexuality and [[transvestitism]], as many of the characters are resurrected as the opposite sex, while still played by the same actor. This idea of supporting homosexuality is further brought to the forefront as one of the movie's directors recently came out as having had a sex change operation as a way to promote the movie.
|$27,108,272
|-
|''The Craft''
|1996
|R
|As the title implies, it depicts witchcraft in a positive light.
|$24,819,936
|-
|''The Crucible''
|1996
|PG-13
|Based upon the Broadway play by communist sympathizer Arthur Miller, this historical revisionist drama is an allegory intentionally written to compare the Christians of the Salem Witch Trials to the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) and comparing those accused of witchcraft to the communists HUAC hunted, ultimately spreading the idea that American communists of the Cold War era were helpless "victims" of HUAC. In real history, John Proctor, one of the accused, was reported as living a “Christian life in his family and was ever ready to help such as they stood in need”, but in the film, he confesses to being a witch and publicly denounces God.
|$7,343,114
|-
|''[[The Da Vinci Code]]''
|2006
|PG-13
|Based on the book of the same name, this mystery film supports the false theory that [[Jesus]] Christ married [[Mary Magdalene]], pushing feminism and attacking Christianity along the way.
|$217,536,138
|-
|''Dead Poets Society''
|1989
|PG
|A worldly literature professor, John Keating (Robin Williams) is shown as inspiring and "open-minded". This contrasts with the conservative Christian boarding school where he teaches, apparently portrayed as conformist, oppressive, and materialistic. The film also appears to promote teen suicide, as one of the main characters is able to commit suicide without a negative word ever being uttered against his actions by any positive character.
|$95,860,116
|-
|''Dogma''
|1999
|R
|This attack on religion, particularly [[Catholic]]ism, contains cheap smutty jokes and incorrectly makes [[God]] female.
|$30,652,890
|-
|''Exodus: Gods and Kings''
|2014
|PG-13
|The prophet Moses is radically changed into an atheist and a terrorist. Glenn Beck said it essentially turns Moses into "an al-Qaeda member" who "doesn't want to rely on God anymore".
|$65,014,513
|-
|''Forty Days and Forty Nights''
|2002
|R
|In this vulgar sex comedy, the main character has to give up sex for Lent, and his ex-girlfriend tries tempting him to break his commitment throughout. Interestingly, it was released ''during'' the Lent season, so William Donnahue, President of the Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights, requested to both then-[[Disney]] CEO [[Michael Eisner]] and [[Harvey Weinstein]] that they reschedule the airing of the film, citing that "To show a film that parodies Lent in a most vulgar way is bad enough, but to show it during Lent is outrageous."<ref>http://www.catholicleague.org/appeal-to-michael-eisner-and-harvey-weinstein-reschedule-40-days-and-40-nights/</ref> In addition, despite the inflammatory material in the movie, the [[Anti-Defamation League]] head Foxman did not call out the film.<ref>http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1083014/posts</ref>
|$37,950,822
|-
|''The Golden Compass''
|2007
|PG-13
|Based on the atheistic ''His Dark Materials'' series.
|$70,107,728
|-
|''Hail Mary''
|1985
|NR
|Marxist filmmaker Jean-Luc Godard retells the story of Mary and Joseph in the modern day. As per his business casual, it was controversial upon its release. [[Pope John Paul II]] condemned it, claiming it was likely to offend the deeply religious because of its explicit nudity. Additionally, it depicts Joseph as a womanizing man [censored] and Mary in a similar light, as there is a montage where she is completely in the nude for no apparent reason. The film was banned in deeply religious countries such as [[Brazil]] and [[Argentina]].
|
|-
|''The Haunting of Molly Hartley''
|2008
|PG-13
|Christians are either starry-eyed kooks or homicidal maniacs, while those implied to be Satanists live a happy lifestyle.
|$15,418,749
|-
|''Hercules''
|2014
|PG-13
|This film seems to take a more atheistic turn on the Greek hero as opposed to the mythology behind Hercules.
|$72,688,614
|-
|''Inherit the Wind''
|1960
|Not Rated
|This historical revisionist drama contains a series of Hollywood-perpetuated lies about the [[Scopes Trial]] to smear Christianity, including: portraying [[William Jennings Bryan]] as ignorant, harsh, and punitive, based on an incorrect of his actions and testimony; falsely claiming that, at the end, Bryan, in a senseless fit of madness, died in the courtroom amid "caring" and "reasonable" [[Darwin]]ists; and wrongfully depicting Darwinists in a positive light and Christians as "deceitful". In real life, Bryan and the Christians won the trial and were charitable to the end, while the Darwinist Darrow was deceitful in reneging on his deal to take the witness stand after Bryan did.
|
|-
|''The Invention of Lying''
|2009
|PG-13
|Written and directed by British atheist [[Ricky Gervais]], the movie takes place in an alternate reality where the concept of lying does not exist until Gervais' character invents it. As a consequence of lying not previously existing, religion hasn't existed either, so, behind the facade of a romantic comedy, the main message of the film is that all religion is based in lies.
|
|-
|''Kingdom of Heaven'' (theatrical version)
|2005
|R
|Atheist Ridley Scott directs this revisionist historical piece that portrays Muslims as the "victims" of the Crusades. In truth, the Muslims of the day won every Crusade except the first (in which Christians briefly prevailed), the third and the sixth.
|$47.4 million
|-
|''[[The Last Temptation of Christ]]''
|1988
|R
|The film's eponymous final sequence depicts the crucified Jesus—tempted by what turns out to be Satan in the form of a beautiful, androgynous child—experiencing a dream or alternative reality where he comes down from the cross, marries Mary Magdalene (and later Mary and Martha), and lives out his life as a full mortal man. He learns on his deathbed that he was deceived by [[Satan]] and begs God to let him "be [God's] son," at which point he finds himself once again on the cross. At other points in the film, Jesus is depicted as building crosses for the Romans, being tormented by the voice of God, and lamenting the many sins he believes he has committed.
Because of these departures from the gospel narratives—and especially a brief scene wherein Jesus and Mary Magdalene consummate their marriage—several Christian groups organized vocal protests and boycotts of the film prior to and upon its release. One protest, organized by a religious Californian radio station, gathered 600 protesters to picket the headquarters of Universal Studios' then-parent company MCA. One of the protestors dressed up as MCA's Chairman Lew Wasserman and pretended to drive nails through Jesus' hands into a wooden cross. Evangelist Bill Bright offered to buy the film's negative from Universal in order to destroy it. The protests were effective in convincing several theater chains not to screen the film. One of those chains, General Cinemas, later apologized to Scorsese for doing so.
Mother Angelica, a Catholic nun and foundress of Eternal Word Television Network, described ''Last Temptation'' as "the most blasphemous ridicule of the Eucharist that's ever been perpetrated in this world" and "a holocaust movie that has the power to destroy souls eternally."
In some countries, including Greece, Turkey, Mexico, Chile, and Argentina, the film was banned or censored for several years. As of July 2010, the film continues to be banned in the Philippines and Singapore.
|$8,373,585
|-
|''Legion''
|2010
|R
|In this blasphemous film, God uses an army of angels to wipe out humanity, ignoring Psalm 91:11's promise that He sends angels to protect humanity.
|$40,168,080
|-
|''The Ledge''
|2011
|Not Rated
|Atheist screenplay writer Matthew Chapman confirmed that the main character is the first openly atheist hero in American cinema. Likewise, his work misleadingly depicts Christianity, via the character Jon, as being "bigoted", abusive, and domineering. Because of this, ''The Ledge'' failed at the box office flop and received generally negative reviews, with the liberal site [[TV Tropes]], similar to the issue with Thomas in the later liberal animated film adaptation ''Peter Rabbit'', even admitting under the articles "Unintentionally Sympathetic" and "Unintentionally Unsympathetic" that Jon was ultimately closer to being in the right than the main protagonist, Gavin.
|$610,986
|-
|''The Messenger: The Story of Joan of Arc''
|1999
|R
|The prominent historical figure Joan of Arc is psychologically and emotionally unstable, impulsive, and prone to mood swings, so she leads the French army to victory purely out of selfishness, cruelty, and vengeance. However, historical evidence proves the contrary. Evidently, this film was made to criticize Roman Catholicism.
|$66,976,317
|-
|''Monty Python's Life of Brian''
|1979
|R
|A man is born on the same day as Christ Jesus and is mistaken for the Messiah. Expect an hour and a half of rampant sacrilege to follow suit.
|$19,398,164
|-
|''[[Monty Python's The Meaning of Life]]''
|1983
|R
|It's ninety minutes of absurdist, godless existentialism with a sacrilegious person's view of [[Heaven]] at the end by the staunchly nonreligious British troupe Monty Python. Need we say more?
|$14,929,552
|-
|''The Most Hated Woman in America''
|2017
|R
|This biographical drama sympathizes with [[Madalyn Murray O'Hair]], who is responsible for ending official Bible-reading in American public schools in 1963 ([[Atheism and Mass Murder|and disastrous results that liberals refuse to talk about]]), and not surprisingly turns her into a martyr (even though she and her family were robbed and murdered by people working for her own atheist organization).
|
|-
|''Missionary''
|2013
|R
|Copying the deranged lover plot device from other films (ex. Fatal Attraction), this film makes the maniac a Mormon.
|
|-
|''Noah''
|2014
|PG-13
|In a liberal take on the classic story from the [[Book of Genesis]], liberals, going along with their usual ''modus operandi'', shoehorn in harmful messages that had nothing to do with the original story, such as [[environmentalism]], living on a vegan diet, and most notably, insisting that the [[Theory of Evolution]] is "fact". In addition, many traits of the "antagonists" appeared to be more Biblical than those of the "protagonists".<ref>Patterson, Roger & Chaffey, Tim (March 29, 2014). [https://answersingenesis.org/noahs-ark/noah-movie-detailed-review/ The ''Noah'' Movie: Our Detailed Review]. ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved August 9, 2016.</ref>
|$101,200,044
|-
|''Oh! Heavenly Dog''
|1980
|PG
|Don't let the title fool you. The movie is anything but heavenly, as it smears Christianity and presents a false depiction of reincarnation.
|N/A
|-
|''Practical Magic''
|1998
|PG-13
|Yet another film glorifying witchcraft and attempting to mix romantic comedy into it (which even puzzled liberal critics).<ref>https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/practical_magic/</ref> This was one of the many wiccan movies released during the late 90's.
|$46,683,377
|-
|''Priest''
|1994
|R
|Blatantly anti-Catholic and pro-homosexual.
|$4,165,845
|-
|''Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves''
|1991
|PG-13
|In this storm of political correctness for the sake of political correctness, the Christianity of Robin Hood and his Merry Men is heavily downplayed, save for Friar Tuck's initial bigotry toward the Muslim character Azeem. Azeem, who is not present in the original Robin Hood legends but was created for this version of the Robin Hood saga, is depicted as a wise, open-minded, tolerant mystic. Robin Hood and Azeem are portrayed by liberals Kevin Costner and Morgan Freeman, respectively.
|$390.5 million
|-
|''September Dawn''
|2007
|R
|This anti-Mormon propaganda piece blatantly distorts history. The Mountain Meadows Massacre was perpetrated by a group of Mormons, but, despite what this movie says, Church authority did not authorize such an act, and they still condemn it to this day. This movie was strategically released in order to muddy the waters of Mitt Romney's 2008 presidential campaign. Fortunately, the filmmakers did not get away with their heinous crimes, as ''September Dawn'' received extremely negative reviews from film critics, very weak box office receipts, and a Golden Raspberry Award nomination.
|$1,066,555
|-
|''Silent Hill''
|2006
|R
|Based on the horror-themed video game series with the same name (go figure), the Christians are the cult-like antagonists.
|$46,982,632
|-
|''Silent Night, Deadly Night''
|1984
|R
|A man becomes a serial killer after abuse from the Christian orphanage wherein he grew up. Conservative Christians successfully protested being vilified, and the film was pulled from theaters within one week of its release.
|$2,491,460
|-
|''Spotlight''
|2015
|R
|Another film bashing Christianity. The "heroes" uncover a scandal of child molestation in the Catholic Church. The film portrays them as "brave" (because Hollywood hasn't bashed Christianity enough) but ignores the fact that homosexual infiltrators within the Church, seeking to discredit and damage the Church, were responsible for the atrocities and their subsequent coverup. Strangely, the same unspeakable acts have been happening legally in Islamic nations but they are conveniently ignored by the liberal media (if the journalists uncovered that, then that would be an example of bravery). It also downplays the effect homosexuality had by having several characters specifically deny that homosexuality was a factor in their victimization and subsequent turns to homosexuality.
|$45,055,776
|-
|''Star Trek V: The Final Frontier''
|1989
|PG
|Secular humanists are kind, but the religiously devout as violent and ruthless. Even liberally biased critics didn't like it, as it won three Golden Raspberry Awards (Razzie Awards), including Worst Picture of 1989, and was nominated for three more Razzies.
|$63 million
|-
|''Sunshine''
|2007
|R
|This vehemently nonreligious, apocalyptic film is full of scientific inaccuracy. Christianity is embodied in a homicidal psychopath, who believes that it is the will of God for the world to end. This Christian is willing to kill anyone who gets in the way of what he believes is the will of God. The personified atheism, in contrast, is "sympathetic", "kind", and "pro-humanity".
|$32 million
|-
|''The Truman Show''
|1998
|PG
|An atheism and humanism propaganda piece about liberal president Harry Truman. Truman doesn't realize his seemingly ordinary life is a reality TV show, overseen by Christof, the show's heartless and manipulative creator. Christof lives in the fake sky above Truman, watching over him, controlling everything from the weather to Truman's destiny. He is an allegorical substitute for the Christian God. (Notice "Christ" in his name.) Truman must escape from the false world of the show (Christianity) and triumph over Christof. As Truman appears to walk on water in the ending, the film is displaying the false, human-worshipping sentiment that man can replace God and be Lord of his own life.
|$31,542,121
|-
|''Victor Frankenstein''
|2015
|PG-13
|The protagonist of the classic conservative novel warning against the consequences of playing God is now one of the most openly atheist protagonists in cinema.
|$34.2 million
|-
|''Elena Undone''
|2010
|PG-13
|Normalize mother and wife of pastor to cheat on him with lesbian. normalize also Lesbian in vitro fertilization.
|
|-
|''mother!''
|2017
|PG-13
|leading by atheist actor Javier Bardem. The film mocking Christianity and Bible by making god as poet.
|$14.5
|-
|''EuroTrip''
|2004
|PG-13
|Normalize drugs and sexual promiscuity to teenagers from prostitution to BDSM and incest. then desecration of the campus of the Vatican Church by having premartial sex inside Sacrament of Penance Confessional.
|$20.8 million
|-
|}

==Debatable Whether Liberal==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Film
!Year
!Rating
!Comments
!Gross (Domestic)
|-
|''21 Jump Street''
|2011
|R
|Two police officers try to take down a drug ring in high school where the villains are environmentalists and drug dealers. But contains many sexual references, full profanity, and many religious insults. A parodic comedy remake of the 1987–91 [[Fox Network]] police drama of the same name.
|$201,585,328
|-
|''The 40-Year-Old Virgin''
|2005
|R
|A bawdy sex comedy about a man who is ridiculed by his peers for his indifference to sex as an adult. His friends, feeling that he isn't "normal", try to encourage him to lose his virginity, starting with pornography, sex toys, and even prostitution. However, their personal attitudes towards women ruin their own relationships, and the man remains steadfast in his abstinence. Later, he meets a woman who connects with him, but is no longer a virgin, as she has a teenage daughter. At one point, her daughter confesses only to him that she is also a virgin and encourages him not to feel bad about it. However, her mother, who has been on multiple dates with him, is still unaware of his virginity. After their proposed deadline by which the two agreed to eventually have sex, he tells her of his virginity and stays reluctant about giving in. There is some drama and confusion between them, but she eventually comes to accept him and the two are happily married at the end before having sex.
|$177.4 million
|-
|''Accepted''
|2006
|PG-13
|It criticizes the [[Department of Education]] (or colleges and universities in general) and our protagonist lives the America dream by starting his own college, but then the juvenile humor, gross-out humor and drug abuse steps in.
|$36,323,505
|-
|''Aeon Flux''
|2005
|PG-13
|Anti-cloning film, but also pro-feminism as well.
|$25,874,337
|-
|''Antz''
|1998
|PG
|It's produced by [[Jeffrey Katzenberg]], downplays the military, and possesses an implicit promotion of Communism via the main character, but also has an Anti-Eugenics message too.
|$90,757,863
|-
|''Army of Darkness''
|1993
|R
|Despite its unrealistic depictions of demons, it's a pretty gun-centric pro-Second Amendment film.
|$11,502,976
|-
|''Atlantis: The Lost Empire''
|2001
|PG
|Released during the [[Michael Eisner]] era of [[Disney]]. On the one hand, the main villain is a military commander who would endanger the lost city of Atlantis just to be rich, and it is implied that he would commit treason by selling the power source to the Kaiser during World War I for the same motivation. The theft of the crystal to become rich could be seen as a condemnation of capitalism. That being said, however, capitalism has also been promoted in a more positive light in the form of Preston B. Whitmore, an eccentric but ultimately good-hearted billionaire who funded the expedition in the first place, and in addition, most of the principal cast was shown to have dreams of getting a better lot in society, with it being heavily implied in the ending that they ultimately succeeded in achieving those dreams after selflessly trying to save Atlantis, which acts as an implicit promotion of both capitalism and the American Dream.
|$84,056,472
|-
|''Beauty and the Beast''
|1991
|G
|A young woman overcomes a shallow society and finds true love. Although by comparison a powerful and immensely popular antidote to [[feminism]] to the [[liberal]] movies churned out by [[Disney]] since, as well as overall promoting redemption (as seen with the Beast's transformation), and also promoting some family values (such as Belle being loyal to her father), there were a few hints at feminist propaganda at the beginning of the film, such as Belle being different from the villagers because she can read, which is implied to not be supported by the villagers at all (feminist propaganda often falsely claims that women couldn't get an education until the 1960s), as well as Belle being unwilling to hold the role of housewife for Gaston or raising children, and later her blaming the titular Beast for her fleeing the castle despite most of the events leading up to and after that event being largely her fault and the story framing that as being a good thing she did. On a related note, a scene that had Belle baking a cake for her father when he got home ended up cut at the order of Linda Woolverton, with her reason specifically being because "a liberated woman [like Belle] wouldn't know how to bake," essentially implying that baking would have been the activity of non-liberated women, a typical statement by feminists.<ref name="Woolverton and Belle">https://www.mouseplanet.com/8500/Linda_Woolverton_and_Belle</ref><ref>https://www.yahoo.com/news/belle-beauty-beast-became-disneys-155053182.html</ref> In addition, the opening song and the reprise has Belle having a similar "smarter-than-thou" personality that is all too common among liberals, having her refer to the villagers derogatorily as "little people" in the beginning of the opening song, repeatedly stressing the "provincial" elements of the village when expressing her desire to leave the village, complaining about Gaston due to considering him "boorish and brainless" shortly after his failed proposal, and also dismissing the villagers as "they" when mentioning her goals ("I want so much more than what ''they've'' got planned"). On that note, due to Beast being unwilling to even defend himself, let alone the castle servants, when the mob arrived to kill him until Belle had arrived at the last second, which had been the result of Belle's attempts at civilizing Beast, it gives the implication that the ideal male in the film is not allowed to get angry or act violently even in self-defense unless a woman was physically present. Then-Disney Chairman Jeffrey Katzenberg also mentioned that he wanted "a feminist twist" on the original fairy tale by creating a heroine who is "a departure from typical Disney female characters",<ref>http://articles.mcall.com/1991-11-22/features/2825583_1_beast-s-castle-fairy-tale-madame-gabrielle</ref> which had partly been done in response to negative criticisms towards Ariel in the Conservative film ''The Little Mermaid'' (which had been the immediate preceding film) by liberal critics,<ref name="Woolverton and Belle" /> and the feminist writer [[Linda Woolverton]] made clear that she made Belle a feminist and based her on the women's liberation movement from the 1970s in order to avoid creating another insipid princess.<ref name="Beauty and Maleficent">{{Cite web|url = http://time.com/2798136/maleficent-beauty-beast-writer/|title = The Same Woman Wrote Maleficent and Beauty and the Beast—Here’s How They’re Linked|date = May 30, 2014|accessdate = January 16, 2014|website = Time|publisher = |last = Rothman|first = Lily}}</ref><ref>http://www.ew.com/article/2016/05/26/linda-woolverton-alice-belle-disney-heroines?xid=entertainment-weekly_socialflow_twitter</ref><ref>https://www.bustle.com/articles/163686-the-one-thing-beauty-and-the-beast-fans-probably-dont-know-about-the-creation-of-belle</ref><ref>http://www.mouseplanet.com/8500/Linda_Woolverton_and_Belle</ref><ref>http://articles.latimes.com/1992-01-19/entertainment/ca-544_1_disney-film</ref> On that note, this made it the first ''Disney'' animated adaptation of a fairy tale to radically alter the story specifically to promote a left-wing socio-political agenda onto the audience regardless of whether such was actually appropriate for the audience or an actual good message (as prior Disney films generally made alterations specifically to tone down anything that was otherwise inappropriate for the age group for the audience).

Gaston is a conservative and hardworking hunter who is considered by the villagers to be their town hero, but is shown to be the main villain of the movie (it should also be noted that in the original screenplay for the film, Gaston was intended to be a Marquess [French nobleman], meaning the decision to make him a conservative and hardworking hunter was made after a rewrite). In addition, although not to the same degree as other Disney films that came after it (i.e., ''The Hunchback of Notre Dame'' and ''The Princess and the Frog''), the film also has a slight anti-Christian bent, as the villagers (strongly implied by various verses in the opening song and the mob song, as well as a failed wedding, to be practicing and devout Christians) were later briefly seen supporting a plan that went against God's teachings, as well as overall depicted as being idiots, while Belle, the character framed as an intellectual and a moral figure, is not even seen or even implied to believe in God at all. In addition, Belle's love for Beast (where it is implied that she was largely unaware of the Beast being formerly a human prince) could be seen as promoting bestiality. Also, it is the first Disney movie to neither show nor hint at the two love interests getting married, and in fact, the only "wedding" in the film was the one Belle ruined, creating negative implications about marriage as a result, as well as starting a string of movies that don't paint marriage in a positive light.

Similarly, the only three females in the film who are implicitly supportive of marriage and Christianity are demeaned, depicted as dumb blondes with the script and credits explicitly referring to them derogatorily as "the bimbettes." There was also a slight anti-hunting sentiment in the film, due to the main villain, as aforementioned, explicitly being labelled as a hunter. According to Don Hahn, there were also several overtones of a pro-homosexual agenda within the film, including choice lyrics of the mob song late into the film, largely because of the executive producer, Howard Ashman, being homosexual and dying from AIDS at the time the film was made and wanting to push the idea of being "ostracized" for his suffering from AIDS.<ref>https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/03/beauty-and-the-beast-gay-lefou-howard-ashman</ref><ref>https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/16583/don-Hahn-interview-beauty-and-the-beast-howard-Ashman-the-lion-king-south-park-and-frankenweenie</ref> One of the protagonistic characters, Lumiere, is briefly seen making out with a featherduster and was implied that the two weren't married, with some hints at Lumiere being an unrepentant womanizer (with the implication being further increased in the Special Edition-exclusive song "Human Again" where Lumiere mentioned he had a "mademoiselle in each arm", would be "courting again, chic and sporting again", and Mrs. Potts interjecting "Which should cause several husbands alarm." with Lumiere laughing at this, heavily implying that Lumiere was an adulterer to married women). In addition, Maurice is depicted as slightly addled and eccentric, as well as being naïve (such as thinking Gaston was a good match for Belle despite the story making clear he wasn't), and while he does try to go out of his way to save Belle in the midway point of the film, he ultimately needs saving twice and is unable to save Belle at all, which makes it debatable as to just how pro-family the narrative actually was. In addition, some elements of the film were later reused in the [[Essay:Worst Liberal Movies#Social|definitely liberal]] ''Maleficent'' movie.<ref name="Beauty and Maleficent" />
|$$218,967,620
|-
|''Beauty and the Beast'' (2017 remake)
|2017
|PG
|On the one hand, the 2017 film version of ''Beauty and the Beast'' is the latest in the film trend of needlessly and shamelessly remaking animated films or children's stories for the sake of earning easy revenue and capitalizing on current film trends in the modern, soulless Hollywood studio system. Liberals also seized the opportunity with the remake to exploit diversity and promote some liberal values within the ''Beauty and the Beast'' universe. The final result of the diversity inclusion in the cast of characters is that it feels self-congratulatory in the sense of putting it all in for the sake of having it, rather than having it be just a part of the story and the film. One notable example is the filmmakers' decision to make LeFou, Gaston's diminutive and bumbling sidekick, a homosexual who is conflicted with his feelings for Gaston (although it should be noted that in the actual script, it was never actually specified that LeFou was homosexual.<ref>https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/entertainthis/2017/03/03/josh-gad-lefou-beauty-and-the-beast/98679284/</ref>). At the end of the film, LeFou is shown taking a romantic interest in a musketeer who is now a transgender woman after being transformed into one during Gaston's siege of the Beast's castle.

Not only is it an atrocious and needless artistic decision of the filmmakers to needlessly incorporate diversity simply for the sake of it, but the 2017 film version of ''Beauty and the Beast'' also serves as an example that liberals can legitimately shoehorn the [[homosexual agenda]] into Disney films. Adding salt to the wound, the filmmakers also further changed history to suit their feminist agenda, similar to previous Disney films like ''Mulan'' (1998), ''Pocahontas'' (1995) and ''The Princess and the Frog'' (2009) (most infamously, the villagers are shown to be explicitly intolerant of Belle learning how to read and teaching girls to do the same, smashing her washing machine in the process, despite the fact that the namesake for the village in this film, Mdm. Gabrielle-Suzanne Barbot de Villeneuve, the original author for the fairy tale, was herself a woman). The 2017 film version of ''Beauty and the Beast'' is now even more of a feminist propaganda film than the 1991 animated film version ever was. There were also hints at an anti-war message due to Gaston being turned into a war veteran.

On the other hand, there were also several surprisingly Conservative messages in the film, significantly more than in the 1991 version. Namely, Christianity is treated in a far more positive light in this film than in the 1991 version as one of the few friends Belle has in this version is the village Chaplain named Pere Robert who is shown to be sympathetic to her bibliophilic nature and also attempts to prevent Maurice from being sent to the Asylum, and later is shown to be horrified at the formation of the mob against the Beast (it is to be noted that in the original 1991 film, the character in question was merely a bookseller, not a priest, and most of the villagers, implied to be devout Christians, were demonized in the film), which was also surprisingly accurate to history despite the aforementioned changing of history in the film (in real history, Christianity, especially the Catholic Church, actively encouraged literacy, writing, and arithmetic among both genders, with girls being taught in convents or at the home.). In addition, Maurice actually is shown to be more proactive in this film, such as directly refusing Gaston's attempt at marrying Belle and even attempting to expose Gaston as an attempted murderer and psychopath, and also plays a direct role in saving Belle and himself from the paddywagon after she exposes Beast to the villagers (in the original film, although he does set out to try and find Belle and save her after trying to get the villagers to help failed, he ultimately required saving by her due to catching an illness during his trek, and ultimately needed saving alongside Belle via Chip).

In addition, Lumiere as well as the featherduster (named Plumette in this version) are shown to be an actual loving couple (in the original film, it is heavily implied that Lumiere was a frequent womanizer and that the featherduster was also sexually loose), and the remake also doesn't demonize traditional marriage nearly as much as in the 1991 version (notably, the remake cut out Gaston's wedding proposal as well as Belle shoving Gaston into mud in front of attendees). The forgiveness and redemption theme was also significantly more emphasized in the remake, due to Beast ultimately forgiving Maurice after learning why he had tried to steal the rose and even allowing Belle to save Maurice specifically to make up for his past behavior, with Maurice also forgiving Beast upon Belle showing him the baby rattle (originally, Maurice was a bit more hesitant to forgive the Beast). It is also shown to be significantly more pro-family as well, as not only is Belle shown to be loyal to her father like in the 1991 original, but as noted above, Maurice himself took measures to protect Belle and notably agreed with Belle that Gaston would not have worked out for her (originally, Maurice also thought Gaston was alright for her), and he also was shown to be very protective of Belle after his wife had died from the plague, with Belle's mom specifically sacrificing herself by telling them to leave her behind to allow Belle a healthy life.

In addition, the triplets (renamed to "Village Lasses") in the remake were depicted as having haughtiness, arrogance, being jealous of Belle, as well as overall being nasty people, including briefly smirking at Belle when she was locked up in the paddywagon as well as being actively involved in the arrest of Maurice as well as the later attack on Beast's castle (in the original film, the triplets were not shown to have any negative behavior to them besides their crushing on Gaston [not participating in the later arrest of Maurice, let alone the attack on Beast's castle shortly afterward during the climax, and also implying at one point that they were willing to give their blessing to Gaston marrying Belle when Belle refused him in the beginning of the film, and while they were present during the final lyrics for the Gaston reprise where Gaston explicitly divulged key details for his blackmail plan, the way it was framed could easily be interpreted as the triplets genuinely not knowing about the plan due to their absence from Maurice's arrival up to the scene where Gaston whispers the plan to LeFou.], and it is also heavily implied that they supported traditional marriage and were demeaned in the film by being referred to in the script as The Bimbettes and treated as dumb blondes for this reason). In addition, according to the film's director Bill Condon as well as one of the triplets' actresses, Rafaelle Cohen, the reason the triplets were intensely jealous and spiteful of Belle was because their mother neglected them while doting on Belle, showcasing the dangers of parental neglect.
|
|-
|''Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas''
|1998
|G
|Paints Christmas in a positive light, and has Beast learning the meaning behind it, as well as putting aside the past relating to it being the reason he was cursed. Also significantly tones down the more feminist messaging from the original film. The manner in which Christmas was depicted, however, was closer to the secular view of Christmas than the actual intended meaning of the holiday being a celebration of the birth of [[Jesus Christ]].
|N/A (Direct to video movie)
|-
|''The Bee Movie''
|2007
|PG
|Its debatable whether or not its environmentalist or against it. It does show the destructiveness of environmentalism (i.e. butting into nature's problems in the name of helping her). The anti-human human sentiments in the movie turned out to be wrong, however, the humans are taking the honey made by the bees, similar to the welfare program of taking from those who worked for it. Others believe the movie promotes [[bestiality]], and is just disguised as a family movie.
|$287,600,000
|-
|''Bohemian Rhapsody''
|2018
|PG-13
|A biopic of [[Freddie Mercury]], the lead singer of the band Queen. While it does show elements of the practice of homosexuality and hedonism, at the same time, the film largely condemned the practice since it was made clear that Mercury's embracing of these things was what ultimately ruined Queen and his personal relationships, and is what ultimately killed him via AIDS. In addition, Paul Prenter, the only other major character to embrace homosexuality in the movie, was depicted in a very negative light, as he was one of the reasons Mercury went down a bad path, with it being made clear later on that Paul largely was using Mercury for his own gratification, blamed others for his bad ideas, and even hid vital information from Mercury deliberately such as the Live Aid concert plans as well as Mary Austin calling him. It also had a promotion of redemption, as Mercury, inspired largely by his former girlfriend/wife, Mary Austin nearing the end of the film, attempts to reconnect with his band and family and make amends in the time he had left before dying from AIDS. That all being said, however, it's debatable whether the film intended to paint his homosexual escapades in a negative light, as several members of the production company, including Freddie Mercury's actor Rami Malek, indicated that it was a "regrettable" decision as a result of not having enough time to give a "more balanced" view of (ie, promoting) his bisexual lifestyle.
|
|-
|''The Campaign''
|2012
|R
|Political comedy depicts the Democrat candidate (Will Ferrell) as an obnoxious, drunken womanizer and satire of [[John Edwards]], although the Republican candidate (Zach Galifianakis) is portrayed just as negatively as a corrupt capitalist.
|$33,165,738
|-
|''Chicken Run''
|2000
|G
|Produced by [[Jeffrey Katzenberg]], this vegan propaganda film compares a chicken farm to the [[Holocaust]].<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ynn_A73hcfs</ref> The main villain of the movie is a capitalist who wants to make chicken pies. The film also promotes elements of feminism and anti-Americanism. On other hand the main villain of the movie is also a feminist as well as she called her husband's ancestors "poor worthless nothings"
|$106,834,564
|-
|''The Crow''
|1994
|R
|The tagline claims that our hero is an angel, but he doesn't display any Christian values. However, there is an anti-drug scene were Eric Draven (the hero) makes a drug addict mother realize that her daughter needs her & gets her off drugs. On top of that the film's villains are nihilist anarchists. The film is notable for being Brandon Lee's last film, as an accident on the set killed him during production.
|$50,693,129
|-
|''Ed Wood''
|1994
|R
|Although it does glorify cross dressing and the [[homosexual agenda]]. It still is pro-capitalism and the film also glorifies the American dream. As despite the obstacles Wood faces, he still continues doing what he loves in making movies.
|$5,887,457
|-
|''Edward Scissorhands''
|1990
|PG-13
|Endorsed by the Christian website ChristianAnswers.net with a 4 out of 5 star rating. Conversely however, a prominently featured Christian character - the only character in the movie ever identified as Christian - is portrayed as fanatical and bigoted against people with scissors for hands.
|$56,362,352
|-
|''Falling Down''
|1993
|R
|Film takes jabs at many [[liberal values]], [[illegal immigration]], union workers, multiculturalism, (one scene where Bill tells his ex-wife that the ice cream shop him and his family used to go to is now a Mexican store) and foreign aid (in one scene Bill asks an illegal Korean immigrate a rhetorical question on how much America has given his country and yells at him after he refuses to learn the language).<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4tC4qfv92Q</ref> It's also one of the very few films to be truthful in the "Nazis were right wingers" myth perpetrated by liberals, in which Bill informs a Neo-Nazi that he's an American and the Nazi is a sick a-hole. As well as many shots where the America flag is trashed upon (which could symbolize how liberalism has trashed everything America has stood for).<ref>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=piPzExBdfIg</ref> But at the same time it also takes jabs at capitalism, where Bill believes he's no longer commercially valuable. And although the plot is about man trying to reach his daughter's birthday party, the film seems to toy with its audience in suggesting whether he's mentally ill or not, as opposed to a pro-family message.
|$40,903,593
|-
|''[[Fargo]]''
|1996
|R
|A pregnant sheriff with traditional American family values solves an elaborate criminal embezzlement, kidnapping, and murder scheme. It remains debatable whether she is a feminist or feminine protagonist.
|$24,611,975
|-
|''Furry Vengeance''
|2010
|PG
|This film is environmentalism and anti-[[Capitalist|capitalist]] on steroids. A wealthy businessman and his employees are the antagonists for doing their job. One of them gets attacked by a raccoon. In the end, the main character, a real estate developer, is forced to change his job after "learning the animals' stories" and he even puts up a poster saying that anyone who violates the forest preservation will be fined at $1,000,000.00. However, the film is also pro-family, as well as taking a jab at LGBT, with a joke of the protagonist being forced to wear his wife's clothes after the animals steal his, this is played for laughs and is clearly anti-[[cross dressing]]. (Though they are wearing again in the end credits).
|$35,000,000
|-
|''Ghost''
|1990
|PG-13
|The [[Bible]] claims ghosts don't exist. Still this film toys with idea that they do, also it has liberal actress Whoopi Goldberg as a psychic medium. Nevertheless, the film does show Christian values, as ghost Sam Wheat tries to uncover a bank fraud case, when he does convinces Goldberg to give the money to a Christian charity. It also has an anti-infidelity message, as despite being widowed, Sam's wife Molly still refuses to be with anyone else, even when his false friend Carl tries to hit on her. Also it isn't PC on [[Eternal damnation|damnation]], as the villains are seen being cared away helplessly by evil spirits after they die.
|$217,631,306
|-
|''Good Kill''
|2014
|R
|Ethan Hawke plays a man who questions the ethics of his job as a drone pilot, while it is taking a jab at the [[Barack Obama]] regime (Obama has droned more people in the Middle East than George W. Bush, most of whom were innocent bystanders and the left has ignored it or claimed it was a "Fox News conspiracy"). It could also be against the War on Terror too.
|$316,472
|-
|''Grave of the Fireflies''
|1988
|UR
|While the film has been labeled anti-war, the director Isao Takahata stated the actual meaning was about growing up. The film's message is still debatable to this day.
|
|-
|''Halloween III: Season of the Witch''
|1982
|R
|Unlike the two films before it (which has mass murder Michael Myers) this film's villain is a pagan who plans on sacrificing children via witchcraft to bring back the original celebration of Halloween. However he does this by selling masks to them which many critics pointed out may have been an anti-capitalism message.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/1982/10/22/movies/haloween-iii-plotting-a-joke.html</ref> The film's "hero" is also an adulterer.
|$14,400,000
|-
|''Hansel & Gretel: Witch Hunters''
|2013
|R
|Western fairy tale characters Hansel and Gretel are now adults and have their own private bounty hunting organization in hunting witches. Portrays witchcraft in a negative manner, and guns in good light. But the gore, graphic violence and brief nudity is rather unnecessary.
|$55,703,475
|-
|''Harry and the Hendersons''
|1987
|PG
|Should be PG-13 for multiple uses of the dreaded S-word in profanity.
|$49 million
|-
|''High Noon''
|1952
|UR
|A favorite of both Presidents [[Dwight Eisenhower]] and [[Bill Clinton]]; [[John Wayne]] said it was "the most un-American thing I've ever seen in my whole life";<ref>http://www.brightlightsfilm.com/47/highnoon.php</ref> though susceptible of various interpretations, most of all it seems to scare people into wanting more government.
|$3,750,000
|-
|''Hoot''
|2006
|PG
|Environmentalist movie about a bunch of kids who stand up to a CEO company that is trying to put one of its restaurants on a burrowing owl habitat. However, despite a businessman being the main villain, it doesn't condemn capitalism as a whole, as it does not portray the company in negative light. The protagonists clearly have nothing against the business itself; even the main character states "A pancake house would be great." It also shows a police officer in positive light. Overall, the movie contains many morals, including friendship, and it does give kids the great inspiration to stand up for what they believe is right.
|$8,117,637
|-
|''Horrible Bosses 2''
|2014
|R
|Sequel to Horrible Bosses. Though this film could be argued to actually support the American Dream and capitalism, which its processor clearly did not.
|$54,445,357
|-
|''[[The Hunger Games]]''
|2012
|PG-13
|Futuristic totalitarians plan titular annual televised "games" as punishment on the descendants of failed revolutionaries from a past uprising. Although technically a message against totalitarianism and for individualism, Leftist actor Donald Sutherland, who played President Snow, implied that the struggles of the films' protagonists were supposed to be derived from the Occupy Wall Street movement, and the book's author also indicated that the events of the book were based on the George W. Bush administration.
|$406,267,858
|-
|''Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull''
|2008
|PG-13
|Although the film does depict the Communists as bad guys (to such an extent that the Russian Communist Party in Moscow was angered by the decision), and implies that Indiana Jones is a Republican or at the very least an [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] fan, the film also depicts McCarthyism in a negative light, with one character implying that the American Government was simply being paranoid and denies there being a sizeable Communist infiltration in America, and also seems to promote paganism in the form of the Crystal Skull.
|$786.6 million
|-
|''The Iron Giant''
|1999
|PG
|This animation espouses anti-war themes and also brief but strong anti-hunting sentiments. Firearms in general are shown in a negative light, with the phrase "guns kill" being repeated a total of three times. The titular giant is referred to as a "big gun that walks." From a conservative viewpoint, he is a poor metaphor for a real gun; unlike a law-abiding citizen who is a gun owner, the giant has no choice in his actions because he is a war machine programmed with the inability to use his weapons for good, but only to use them thoughtlessly and senselessly. The story involves him learning to hide his weapons and "not be a gun". The conclusion is that, in order to protect the public from an incoming missile, he must fly into it and kill himself rather than use his guns against it. As it is explained, "It's bad to kill, but it isn't bad to die." In addition, despite being set during the Cold War, it largely downplays the Soviet menace that was occurring during that time, as the main antagonist, Kent Mansley, is a government agent (implied to be part of the NSA) investigating the titular Iron Giant who at one point while launching a tirade against Hogarth Hughes alludes to the possibility that the Communists may have been responsible for the Giant's creation as a means to destroy America and that they must destroy it before "it destroys us" and is treated negatively for it. Also features some foul language.

That all being said, however, despite the definite anti-gun and anti-hunting themes, the film does portray the military in a fairly positive light, as General Rogarth was shown to be even-headed and only willing to use military force if confronted with evidence requiring for it, also making clear that he was not happy about bringing out an implied large military force for what was apparently a hoax, and while the military does try to attack the Iron Giant late into the film, it was only because they had been manipulated into doing so by Kent Mansley by the latter lying about the giant killing Hogarth Hughes, and only when confronted with evidence that Hogarth had in fact been alive did the military stand down. In addition, when Hogarth left to investigate the evidence of a "martian" taking out an antenna, he proceeded to salute a photograph of his father, who was implied to have died during World War II. Also has a positive portrayal of the American icon Superman in it. There's also an anti-materialist message in it as well as an implicitly Christian message, as Hogarth talks to the Giant about how humans and other forms of life possess souls that live on even after their mortal bodies die.
|$5,732,614
|-
|''The Iron Lady''
|2011
|PG-13
|The British biopic of [[Conservative Party]] leader and 1979-90 [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|British Prime Minister]], Margaret Thatcher, showing the effects of conservative economic policy on Britain, helping to lift the country out of its recession. However, it also showed Margaret Thatcher in a somewhat negative light, depicting her during her late years as becoming slightly addled.
|$80,554,188 (international including UK), $27,081,674 (US - domestic)
|-
|''[[It's a Wonderful Life]]''
|1946
|UR
|It promotes the concept of self-worth and individualism ultimately, and that choices do in fact matter and have consequences, and ultimately promotes faith to a certain extent. However, it also falsely teaches that humanism is what makes life worthwhile; marginalizes [[faith]] with a cartoonish depiction and demonizes capitalism as sadistic and greedy.
|$3,300,000
|-
|''Jaws''
|1975
|PG
|Anti-environmentalism film, the heroes are police chief Brody, WWII vet Quint and Marine Biologist Hooper who team up to take on a monstrous, man-eating great white shark. However, there is a part where (despite the warning) the Mayor keeps the beaches open for the sake of money, which some may say is an anti-capitalism statement. Notable for being one of the first summer blockbusters. It was followed by three sequels in 1978, 1983 and 1987.
|$260,000,000<ref>http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=jaws.htm</ref>
|-
|''Juno''
|2007
|PG-13
|A pregnant teenage woman rejects [[abortion]] and decides for an adoptive birth instead. This movie pushes [[feminism]] and marginalizes the essential role of fatherhood.
|$143,492,840
|-
|''Jurassic World''
|2015
|PG-13
|Jurassic Park is now functioning and open for business and the new boss is a woman, an obvious feminist message. Also the military is downgraded as they plan to weaponize dinosaurs. Despite all this feminists weren't impressed and labeled it sexist<ref>https://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/06/10/jurassic-world-a-big-dumb-sexist-mess.html</ref> and even liberal critics called the weaponizing dinosaurs plot asinine.<ref>http://thoughtcatalog.com/olos-nah/2015/06/ill-just-say-what-everyone-is-thinking-jurassic-world-is-terrible/</ref>
|$652,270,625
|-
|''Kiki's Delivery Service''
|1989
|G
|The film does show the value of hard work and is pro-capitalism (Kiki owns her own delivery business), but at the same time depicts feminism and witchcraft in a positive light.
|$18 million
|-
|''Kingdom of Heaven'' (director's cut)
|2005
|R
|A story set in the Crusades period about a young knight. While the theatrical version was a pure liberal media, the director's cut promotes fighting, honor, duty, and portrays the noble Knights Hospitallers in a positive light. That being said, the movie still portrays Knights Templars in a negative light.
|$47,398,413
|-
|''Kingsman: The Secret Service''
|2015
|R
|Anti-environmentalist, the villain attempts to eradicate the human race because of his belief in man-made global warming. Though the film is full of language and violence as well as a brief nudity scene. There's also one scene were one of the characters gets into a bloody fight with a group of Christians whom are portrayed as "racists".
|$128,261,724
|-
|''Knocked Up''
|2007
|R
|Unemployed, immature and childish 23-year old Ben Stone (Seth Rogen) has a one-night stand with serious career woman Alison Scott (Katherine Heigl), with the unintended consequence of pregnancy. Alison's mother (Joanna Kerns) says she should get the pregnancy "[[abortion|taken care of]]", while Ben's best friend Jonah (Jonah Hill) suggests that "I won't say the A-word, but it rhymes with abortion." Alison decides to keep the child, while Ben decides to find a real job, grow up, and become a father.
|$148,768,917
|-
|''The LEGO Movie''
|2014
|PG
|Anti-Large Government, with a message that anyone has the potential to be extraordinary. However is also anti-capitalist, and the main villain is Lord Business.
|$257,760,692
|-
|''Lincoln''
|2012
|PG-13
|Bio film on conservative icon [[Abraham Lincoln]], played wonderfully by Daniel Day-Lewis. Although overall very positive towards Lincoln and the Republican Party, it nonetheless downplays the role the Democrat Party played in the institution of slavery during the Civil War.
|$182,207,973
|-
|''Lionheart''
|1990
|R
|Pro-family as Jean-Claude Van Damme plays Lyon Gaultier (nicknamed Lionheart) who becomes a street fighter to help pay his sister-in-law's expenses after her husband is killed. During this time he also tries to reconnect with his estranged family. However he gets into the country illegally, which some could point out is a pro-illegal immigration statement.
|$24,078,196
|-
|''The Lorax''
|2012
|PG
|Although it has an environmentalist agenda, it also states that monopolies are wrong.
|$214,030,500
|-
|''Mulan''
|1998
|G
|The film has Liberals changing history to suit their feminist agenda similar to what they did in Pocahontas as well as some historical revisionism (In the film the Huns are at war with China, even though this never happened, although that said, the name of the villain, Shan Yu, hints at them being Xiongyu). However, the central theme of [[Filial piety]] from work it was based on, [[The Ballad of Mulan]], is still present ultimately, as the main reason Mulan joined the military was because her father suffered a severe injury that made him unfit for combat, and the film is pro-Military.
|$120,620,254
|-
|''P.C.U.''
|1994
|PG-13
|College students fight back against a campus where the administration promotes official [[diversity]] awareness weekends and radical [[feminism]], [[vegan]]ism, and [[political correctness]] run amok, but a conservative group on campus is also portrayed just as negatively as the P.C. groups.
|$4,350,774
|-
|''[[The Passion of the Christ]]''
|2004
|R
|Downplays the [[Resurrection]]<ref>The original version of the film had no references at all to the Resurrection.</ref> and strength of Christianity and omits powerful angels; instead exaggerates triumph of evil; film had little lasting effect on public or its producer; portrayed nails as through the hands rather than through the wrists as depicted by the [[Shroud of Turin]] and confirmed by modern science.
|$370,782,930
|-
|''Pillow Talk''
|1959
|UR
|A classic starring Rock Hudson and Doris Day in which conservative values triumph over liberal ones. There are no distortions by feminist ideology. Indeed, in one scene a leading man slaps the leading lady, but then is beaten up by dimwitted bystanders for it!
|$18,750,000
|-
|''The Princess and the Frog''
|2009
|G
|Liberals praised this film for featuring Disney's first African American princess but ignored the fact that it insults Christianity with Louisiana Voodoo, even replacing the traditional role of the fairy godmother with a blind voodoo priestess. On top of that, ''The Princess and the Frog'' is said to have stolen much of its plot from great conservative film ''The Little Mermaid'' <ref>http://crowdofstars.livejournal.com/14186.html</ref> That being said, however, it does depict traditional femininity in a positive light in the form of the side character Charlotte LeBoeuf, and is the first Disney animated feature film to have a positive depiction of traditional marriage since ''The Little Mermaid'' two decades prior. It's also debatable as to whether it promotes feminism, as aside from Charlotte LeBoeuf being depicted in a positive light overall as noted above, it implies at one point that Tiana achieving her dreams of being a CEO is ultimately a negative due to the main villain Dr. Facilier using that to tempt her into aiding him.
|$104,400,899
|-
|''Pulp Fiction''
|1994
|R
|Despite saying the F-word in almost every sentence, the film (surprisingly) has a pro-Christian message as after being shot at, every bullet misses mob hit men Jules Winnfield and Vincent Vega. Winnfield believes it was a divine intervention and message from God to stop his life of crime. His partner doesn't believe this but it's later proven to be true as he perished later on in the movie. Also has sadomasochistic homosexuals as the bad guys. And (sort of) has an anti-drug message as mob boss's girlfriend Mia Wallace is seen also overdosing (a negative side to drugs) on heroin.
|$107,928,762
|-
|''The Rescuers''
|1977
|G
|The villain in this movie is a capitalist pawn shop owner, who wants a rare diamond to make her rich, to add insult to injury they're Southerners. Also paints the United Nations in a positive light. On the other hand, the main villain is also a feminist, and the main human protagonist is shown praying for not only herself (even she has been kidnapped) but for all the kids in the orphanage (who have not been kidnapped). This is one of the rare Disney films feature a [[Christian]] character that's treated in a positive light.
|$29 million

|-
|''Robin Hood''
|1973
|G
|Animated Disney adaptation of the iconic story, depicting all of the characters as anthropomorphic animals. Although the story itself was based on [[Joseph Ritson]]'s revised version of the character that was in support of the Jacobin cause and thus was a liberal icon (steals from the rich, gives to the poor), the villain is Prince John who makes his money from taxes, suggesting Robin Hood is only giving money the government demanded back to people who actually worked for it. It also features a condemnation of government encroachment of the church, as a pivotal scene featured the Sheriff of Nottingham explicitly stealing a coin from the poor box and his later arresting Friar Tuck for trying to stop him, and the Sheriff's actions were clearly being framed in a horrible light.
|$32 million
|-
|''[[Rogue One: A Star Wars Story]]''
|2016
|PG-13
|A group of freedom fighters undertake a dangerous mission in an attempt to steal the plans for the Galactic Empire's ultimate weapon, the Death Star. Unlike the previous Star Wars films, the focus of this one is on soldiers on the battlefield, their goal to restore liberty to the Galaxy. This gives the movie a strong feeling of American patriotism, and could also be argued to show respect to the U.S. military. However, the screenwriters Chris Weitz and Gary Whitta made tweets that implied that they were trying to push the leftist Diversity agenda just after Trump won the presidency, as well as used a customized version of the Rebel Starbird logo with a safety pin attached, and one of the main characters, Saw Gerrera, was stated to be based on Marxist revolutionary [[Che Guevara]] and was treated in a (comparably) positive light.
|$1,043,133,586
|-
|''Saw''
|2004-2010, 2017
|R (Director's Cuts are NC-17)
|The franchise contains an anti-nihilist message, with the antagonist, John Kramer, also known as "the Jigsaw Killer," wishing for his victims to survive the "games" in which he places them, ultimately emerging with a better appreciation for their lives. For example, ''Saw'' condemns the adultery committed by Dr. Lawrence Gordon. ''Saw III'' focuses on the value of forgiveness, John having Jeff Denlon complete three tests involving the three people whom he blamed for the death of his young son. ''Saw IV'' contains a very strong message of letting go and letting people find salvation and redemption for themselves, an allusion to biblical passages about the subject. However, it could also be argued that Jigsaw is playing God with the value of human life, by bringing his test subjects to the very edge of death, forcing them to gravely hurt themselves, in order to survive. Furthermore, in ''Saw III'', one of his apprentices, Amanda Young, is revealed to have rigged traps to kill her victims, even if they successfully complete their games, as she no longer believes in Jigsaw's philosophy. However, John is shown clearly shown to be disgusted by Amanda's actions, though nevertheless trying to guide her to redemption, or at least his version of it. Other condemnations of nihilism include the clearly sociopathic depiction of corrupt Detective Mark Hoffman, the most important of Jigsaw's apprentices, as he, like Amanda, strays from John's philosophy and simply rigs traps to murder his victims, while also carrying out the games that John had planned before his death at the end of ''Saw III.''
|$953,421,276
|-
|''Shame''
|2011
|NC-17
|While the movie shows [[Hollywood Values]], such as sex addiction, in a negative light and is clearly anti-[[homosexual agenda]], as the main character reaches his lowest point by partaking in such acts, the film is graphic in its nature leaving one to question how conservative it really is.
|$3,909,002
|-
|''[[The Simpsons]] Movie''
|2007
|PG-13
|This feature based upon the long-running animated sitcom portrays the liberal [[Environmental Protection Agency|EPA]] as a villainous and devious agency and the government in general as intrusive and corrupt. On the other hand, it celebrates [[environmentalism]] in the beginning.
|$183,135,014
|-
|''Soul Man''
|1986
|PG-13
|A white student cheats the [[affirmative action]] system, by pretending to be black in order to get the scholarship he needs for to pay for Harvard. Towards the end, it is revealed he took the scholarship away from someone who needed it as well (and is really black) because she has a son and is divorced at such a young age. The movie portyals the police as racist, and blames racism on many things, and seems to support the need for affirmative action. But on a conservative note, the film teaches the importance of hard work, and is also politically incorrect.
|$27,820,000
|-
|''[[Star Wars]]''
|1977-1983 (Original Trilogy); 1999-2005 (Prequel Trilogy); 2015-2019 (Sequel Trilogy)
|PG, PG-13 (Episode III & Episodes VII-IX)
|The well-known space opera series is mostly composed of simple truths about the triumph of good over evil, and in the case of ''Episode VI: Return of the Jedi'', redemption. However, ''Episode VI'' also contained some implied pro-[[Vietcong]] propaganda at George Lucas' behest via the Ewoks, as well as his later claiming that the entirety of the ''Star Wars'' saga from ''Episodes IV''-''VI'' was meant to be his means of protesting Vietnam (which is supported by a memo dating back to 1973 where he claimed the film was about "A large technological empire going after a small group of freedom fighters." It is also to be noted that this was not the first time he voiced support for the Vietcong as well as used film to push an anti-American/anti-War agenda, as he also initially played a role in the filming of ''Apocalypse Now''<ref>http://nypost.com/2014/09/21/how-star-wars-was-secretly-george-lucas-protest-of-vietnam/</ref>), and the re-release for ''Episode IV: A New Hope'' also had an infamous edit where it made it seem as though Greedo shot at Han first, with George Lucas later revealing he did the edit (or rather, falsely claimed it was always that way) as a means to promote gun control. Regarding the pro-Vietcong sentiment being pushed in ''Return of the Jedi'', former president [[Richard Nixon]] in his 1985 book ''No More Vietnams'' cited ''Return of the Jedi'' as ultimately one reason why America, at least by that time, had initially felt so guilty of their strength that they were unwilling to use it even to defend their freedom and that of others.<ref>''No More Vietnams'' by Richard Nixon, 1985 Chapter 1: The assertion that our very bigness is badness has infested our culture to a surprising degree. The creator of the phenomenally successful Star Wars series recently explained that the climactic scene in one of his moves - in which the evil “Empire’s” giant war machines are destroyed by fuzzy little good guys with wooden bows and arrows - was inspired by the Vietnam experience. No matter that in Vietnam the Communist “good guys” packed Soviet automatic rifles and, in 1975, rode state-of-the-art Russian tanks across the South Vietnamese border. The propaganda of disproportionate forces in Vietnam, the myth of small/good versus big/bad, did enough damage to help lose the war for the United States and the people of South Vietnam. Today it is one symptom of the Vietnam syndrome to the extent that it makes Americans ashamed of their power, guilty about being strong, and forgetful about the need to be willing to use their power to protect their freedom and the freedom of others.</ref>

The prequel trilogy also had some implied pot-shots at then-president George W. Bush and his War on Terror, and there was also an implied promotion of moral relativity in ''Revenge of the Sith'' (where Obi-Wan, when confronting Anakin Skywalker/Darth Vader in the climax, stated in reply to Anakin's declaration that Obi-Wan is his enemy if he's not with him that "only a Sith deals in absolutes."). A similar promotion of moral relativity and postmodernism was shown in ''Return of the Jedi'' where Obi-Wan admitted that his claim that Vader killed Anakin Skywalker was "true from a certain point of view," as well as further elaborating his claim by stating that "[[Subjectivism|a great many of the truths we cling to depend greatly on our point of view.]]" The same movie's ending also carries an implicit promotion of cannibalism. In addition, the Trade Federation and its motives in ''The Phantom Menace'' was crafted by George Lucas to be a negative response to the Republican Revolution of 1994, and in particular Newt Gingrich's Contract with America (with Gingrich himself being a partial namesake of the main villain, Viceroy Nute Gunray). ''Attack of the Clones'' and to a lesser extent ''Revenge of the Sith'' also had very blatant anti-war themes and a very negative portrayal of the military, as a large part of the plot involved creating a military for the republic (and in the case of ''Revenge of the Sith'', the near end of the Clone Wars), with the narrative strongly implying that even forming a military at all was somehow a threat to freedom. To a lesser extent, the Prequel trilogy also has a negative depiction of family values, since it's implied that even holding attachments to family or trying to start a family leads directly to turning to the Dark Side, with Yoda even stating that such acted as "the shadow of greed." Lucas, in an interview with Time Magazine, also made similar jabs on family when explaining Anakin's character arc and his eventually becoming Darth Vader, where he said "Because he [Anakin Skywalker] gets attached to things...He can't let go of his mother...his girlfriend...things. It makes you greedy. And when you're greedy, you are on the path to the dark side because you fear that you're going to lose things. You fear you're not going to have the power you need."<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20020923140712/http://cgi.theforce.net/theforce/tfn.cgi?storyID=15712</ref>

In addition, the director for ''Episode VII: The Force Awakens'', [[J.J. Abrams]], admitted in a press release that he deliberately made Finn black in order to ensure diversity among the characters, hinting at it pushing the leftist [[diversity]] agenda.<ref>https://www.cnet.com/news/director-j-j-abrams-weighs-in-on-diversity-in-the-star-wars-universe/?_escaped_fragment_=#! Two audience members jointly asked Abrams whether -- given his track record of helping build a diverse cast as director of the "Star Trek" reboot films -- he could confirm if there will be more Asian characters in the Star Wars universe. Asian characters are few and far between in the Star Wars franchise -- one appears in the original trilogy's last film, ''Return of the Jedi'', but for only four seconds before dying in a fiery explosion. Abrams said that while he won't be casting future films in the franchise, because he's directing only ''Episode VII'', he did include Asian characters in ''The Force Awakens'', which opened December 18. "I think it's important people see themselves represented in film," Abrams said. "I think it's not a small thing."</ref> Also, the film also hints at a militant [[feminist]] agenda by having Leia act as general and Rey not allowing anyone to save her, something that conservative commentator John Nolte mentioned was a [[detraction]] for the film.<ref>https://www.breitbart.com/big-hollywood/2015/12/17/star-wars-the-force-awakens-review-j-j-abrams-repents-for-the-sins-of-george-lucas/</ref> In addition, the ending award ceremony in ''A New Hope'' was deliberately modeled after the stadium scene from the infamous Nazi movie propaganda ''The Triumph of the Will''. Ian McDiarmid, the actor who played the saga's main villain [[Emperor Palpatine]], had also implied in an interview with ''The Guardian'' around the time ''Revenge of the Sith'' was released that George Lucas had deliberately made the films for primarily eight-year olds specifically to indoctrinate them into Lucas' leftist view of the world.<ref>https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2005/nov/07/theatre1 He [McDiarmid] also bristles at the notion that the Star Wars films are totally hollow entertainments. "I remember when I sat there in the Evil Emperor's swivel chair and George [Lucas] said things like 'does it remind you of the Oval office?' And I realised that at that time Richard Nixon was in his mind. 

"And I see that in the Guardian's review of the DVD - not favourable, of course - mention is made of the fact that there are lines that sound really contemporary. But the reviewer decided that was by chance: no, no, no, no. Entirely by design. 

"George knew that eight-year-olds, for whom these films are primarily intended, are very impressionable, and he wanted to make the right impression. So the whole film is about the unnecessary rise of fascism. In other words: watch out, they're all after your freedom, particularly when they're talking about defending freedom. Without getting over-extended about it, that is at the heart of these movies."</ref>

[[Star Wars Episode VIII: The Last Jedi]] also received strong criticism for its apparent 'SJW' bias<ref>Toto, Christian (December 19, 2017). [https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2017/dec/19/last-jedi-critics-mostly-conservative/ As ‘Star Wars’ fans cheer, conservative film critics point out problems with ‘Last Jedi’]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 20, 2017.</ref> It is also speculated that the leftist POV pushing caused fans to boycott the 2018 film [[Solo: A Star Wars Story]].<ref>https://www.express.co.uk/entertainment/films/967205/Star-Wars-Han-Solo-FLOP-Last-Jedi-fan-BACKLASH-boycott-box-office-cast-sequel-cameo</ref> J.J. Abrams also heavily implied that the then-in-development final episode ''The Rise of Skywalker'' will feature homosexuals as part of "representation",<ref>https://variety.com/2019/film/news/star-wars-finn-poe-not-boyfriends-lgbtq-representation-1203423286/</ref> which was ultimately confirmed in pre-release screenings, where two members of the Resistance, both female, engaged in an on-screen kiss while celebrating a major victory against the First Order.<ref>https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/star-wars-rise-skywalker-features-franchise-s-first-same-sex-kiss-1263256</ref>
|$460,998,007
|-
|''Starship Troopers''
|1997
|R
|Although it overall depicts the Military in a protagonistic light and arguably is pro-war and pro-military, the director of the film, Paul Verhoeven, implied it was actually supposed to push an anti-military, anti-war message where it implied that America during the Cold War were automatically fascists simply because they are entering war, and specifically stated it was "a natural evolution for post-World War II America." In addition, to reinforce Verhoeven's message, he deliberately modeled various scenes after ''Triumph of the Will'' and other pro-Nazi propaganda scenes, as well as modeled the protagonists' uniforms after the uniforms utilized by the Nazis (i.e., the character Carl, played by Neil Patrick Harris, wearing a uniform that was modeled after the [[SS]]). When asked by Michael Ironside, who was one of the people who had a role in the movie and had read the original book, about why he made the movie despite Verhoeven's leftist politics, he answered "If I tell the world that a right-wing, fascist way of doing things doesn't work, no one will listen to me. So I'm going to make a perfect fascist world: everyone is beautiful, everything is shiny, everything has big guns and fancy ships, but it's only good for killing ******* bugs!" (note that fascism is not "right wing", it is left wing, so Verhoeven's incorrect regarding which wing the Nazis/fascists were part of).
|$54,814,377
|-
|''Sudden Death''
|1995
|R
|Disgraced fire fighter now becomes a laughingstock fire marshal uncovers an terrorist plot at a Hockey game plans to redeem himself and protect his children and the Vice President from said terrorists. However they're not Islamic, which may have been because the film was trying to be politically correct.
|$20,350,171
|-
|''Super''
|2010
|R
|A short-order cook becomes a superhero after a vision from God. He frequently turns to prayer and a Christian television show for guidance. Even though his wife leaves him for a drug dealer, he remains loyal to her for the whole picture. At the same time, foul language, violence, and brief nudity scenes are included.
|$327,716
|-
|''Team America: World Police''
|2004
|R
|While it is clearly pro-military, pro-America, and anti-Hollywood, the movie is riddled with liberal values, including toilet humor and vulgar language throughout. The movie's foul-mouthed theme song favors abortion, slavery, pornography, and Democrats, while having no positive reaction to Republicans, which makes sense because the screenplay was written by the creators of ''[[South Park]]'' and ''The Book of Mormon''.
|$32,786,074
|-
|''The Terminator''
|1984
|R
|Takes the side of humanity in this man vs machine battle. However, it is anti-war, anti-Capitalist and comes from liberal atheist James Cameron, in which he imagines the military being the cause of the downfall of man.
|$78.3 million
|-
|''Terminator 2: Judgement Day''
|1991
|R
|The second film in the Terminator Franchise by Liberal director James Cameron. While it does have anti-war and anti-capitalist themes, and also dabbles in pro-feminist views via Sarah Connor's change in overall character, it is also pro-family. John Connor reconnects with his mother and the Terminator who serves as his protector becomes like a father to him, so much so that John cries when the Terminator chooses to sacrifice himself to ensure that Skynet would never be built.
|$523.7 million
|-
|''[[Titanic]]''
|1997
|PG-13
|Every life has value, and the most powerful men give up their seats on lifeboats to women and children first, while the media and a young [[RINO]] are rightly criticized. The film broke the record in movie revenues before the environmentalist nightmare that was ''Avatar''. However, ''Titanic'' gives some hints at a pro-socialist view, and a key scene involving Rose being drawn in the nude is evocative of pornography.
|$600,779,824
|-
|''[[Trainspotting]]''
|1996
|R
|It's been debatable if the film is anti-drug.
|$16,491,080
|-
|''U-571''
|2000
|PG-13
|Had a plot which was based on the first capture of a [[German]] [[Enigma machine]] in [[World War Two]]. Despite the film being patriotic to America, the facts are wrong as the Enigma machine was captured by the [[British]] in 1941 prior to the Americans entering the war.
|$77,122,415
|-
|''The Twilight Saga''
|2008-2012
|PG-13
|Starred by anti-military liberal [[Kristen Stewart]] and glorifies [[vampire|vampires]], but it also makes fun of [[public school culture]] and [[modernism]] while promoting [[abstinence]] until marriage, traditional courtship and marriage, and the [[pro-life]] movement. It was written by a [[Mormon]].
|$1,365,922,346
|-
|''Van Helsing''
|2004
|PG-13
|Thanks to [[Hollywood values]], Van Helsing isn't portrayed as the Christian character he should be, but the film still gets its good vs. evil message across. As well as portraying the Catholic church in a positive light. The director Stephen Sommers has made conservative films ''The Mummy Returns'' and ''G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra'' though.
|$120,177,084<ref>http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=vanhelsing.htm</ref>
|-
|''Wall-E''
|2008
|G
|The movie shows the dangers of big government (BNL), however it is also anti-capitalist and pro-environmentalism as BNL is a corporation.
|$223,808,164
|-
|''The Way We Were''
|1973
|PG
|Unique in the way that it appears liberal to liberals while unintentionally sending a [[conservative]] message to young women. Stars uber-liberal [[Barbra Streisand]].
|$49,919,870
|-
|''We're the Millers''
|2013
|R
|A drug dealer, stripper, runaway, and average loser pretend to be a family to sneak marijuana out of Mexico. However they learn the value and importance of family. The villains of the movie are all drug gang men, the film also features a stripper scene, and whether or not the film is anti-drug in the end is debatable.
|$150,394,119
|-
|''Yours Mine and Ours''
|2005
|PG
|The widower father of a conservative family marries a widowed mother of a liberal family. Their two difference lifestyles contradict with each other, and the film does not really decide whose lifestyle is better. On the one hand, at one point, the liberal children fool the conservative children into thinking there is a house fire, so they can have the bathrooms for themselves. On the other hand, the children work together in another scene and use conservative tactics to end bullying without the help of an authority figure. In the end, the children learn to put their differences aside and realize that family is what matters more.
|$53,412,862
|}

Please add more!

==References==
{{reflist}}

==See also==
* [[Essay:Greatest Conservative Movies]]
* [[Essay:Worst Liberal TV Shows]]

{{communism}}
[[Category:Essays about Liberals]]
[[Category:Cinema]]
[[Category:Hollywood]]
[[Category:Worst Liberal Movies]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Worst Liberal Movies}}

Rattlesnake (American symbol)

2021-06-16T18:09:08Z

Hfhff:

[[Image:Join-die.jpg|thumb|300px|right|thumb|Benjamin Franklin's "Join or Die" cartoon, first published in the Pennsylvania ''Gazette'' on May 9, 1754.]]
The '''[[Rattlesnake]]''', a reptile found only in the [[America]]s, was the earliest use of an [[animal]] to symbolize the early [[Thirteen Colonies|colonies]] prior to the creation of the [[United States]]. First appearing in newspaper prints with the motto "Join or Die," by the time of the [[American Revolution]] the rattlesnake was frequently used in conjunction with the motto "Don't Tread on Me," becoming a common symbol for America, its independent spirit, and its resistance to [[tyranny]].

==First Use As Satire==
In the mid-1700s, Britain had laws on its books which allowed for persons convicted of felonies to be transported across the Atlantic to her American colonies; from there these convicts were allowed to serve the remainder of their time or set loose. In a commentary published in the Pennsylvania ''Gazette'' on May 9, 1751, [[Benjamin Franklin]] used his sense of humor to prod at how bad an idea this was:
:''"It has been said, that these Thieves and Villains introduc’d among us, spoil the Morals of Youth in the Neighbourhoods that entertain them, and perpetrate many horrid Crimes; But let not private Interests obstruct publick Utility. Our Mother knows what is best for us. What is a little Housebreaking, Shoplifting, or Highway Robbing; what is a Son now and then corrupted and hang’d, a Daughter debauch’d and pox’d, a Wife stabb’d, a Husband’s Throat cut, or a Child’s Brains beat out with an Axe, compar’d with this 'Improvement and well peopling of the Colonies!'"''
Franklin's suggestion was to let the mother country know how the colonists felt about this, and a large amount of rattlesnakes sent in return and released in public parks would make an even trade:
:''"In the Spring of the Year, when they first creep out of their Holes, they are feeble, heavy, slow, and easily taken; and if a small Bounty were allow’d per Head, some Thousands might be collected annually, and transported to Britain. There I would propose to have them carefully distributed in St. James’s Park, in the Spring-Gardens and other Places of Pleasure about London; in the Gardens of all the Nobility and Gentry throughout the Nation; but particularly in the Gardens of the Prime Ministers, the Lords of Trade and Members of Parliament; for to them we are most particularly obliged...I would only add, That this Exporting of Felons to the Colonies, may be consider’d as a Trade, as well as in the Light of a Favour. Now all Commerce implies Returns: Justice requires them: There can be no Trade without them. And Rattle-Snakes seem the most suitable Returns for the Human Serpents sent us by our Mother Country. In this, however, as in every other Branch of Trade, she will have the Advantage of us. She will reap equal Benefits without equal Risque of the Inconveniencies and Dangers. For the RattleSnake gives Warning before he attempts his Mischief; which the Convict does not."''

=="Join or Die"==
The famous cartoon entitled "Join, or Die," printed on 9 May 1754, again by Franklin in the Pennsylvania ''Gazette'', shows a sliced up rattlesnake that forms a map of the colonies. The cartoon alludes to an old myth that a snake that had been cut into pieces would come back to life if the sections were reassembled before sunset, with Frankin intending that his cartoon was an allegory for the need of all the colonies to be united against [[France]] during the [[French and Indian War]] then being fought. Franklin based his cartoon on a 17th-century French emblem book by Nicolas Verrien which includes a snake divided into two parts with the motto: ''Se rejoindre ou mourir'' ('Join or die').

While the idea behind the illustration was Franklin's, historians have not discovered who did the actual engraving. In form the illustration follows the plan of an emblem book illustration, with a motto, a symbolic picture, and an explanatory text; Franklin even referred to it in correspondence as an "emblem." Franklin was responsible for many visual creations, such as cartoons, designs for flags and paper money,
emblems and devices. He possessed an extraordinary knowledge of symbols and heraldry. The snake image may be a composite of those found in Mark Catesby's ''The Natural History of Carolina, Florida, and the Bahama Islands'' (1731–43). The iconic image of national unity became widespread in political illustrations concerning the [[Stamp Act]] of 1765, the American Revolution, and years later during the [[American Civil War]].<ref>Karen Severud Cook, "Benjamin Franklin and the Snake that would not Die," ''British Library Journal'' 1996 22 (1): 88-112. 0305-5167; Mark Bryant, "The First American Political Cartoon," ''History Today'' v. 57#12 (December 2007) pp 58+. [http://www.questia.com/read/5024806593?title=The%20First%20American%20Political%20Cartoon online edition]</ref>

==American Revolution==
[[File:Massachusetts Spy.png|right|200px|thumb|The ''Massachusetts Spy'' on July 7, 1774, with Franklin's rattlesnake updated by Paul Revere, attacking the British dragon.]]
After the French and Indian War had ended, Britain decided that the American colonists should bear the bulk of the burden for paying it, and the [[Stamp Act]] of 1765 caught the colonists by surprise, who felt that they were just as British as the mother country and should not be taxed without their consent. In response to the demand for taxation Colonel Isaac Barre, a member of the British parliament and a champion of colonists' rights, stated "They nourished up by your indulgence! They grew up by your neglect of them. As soon as you begin to care about them, that care was exercised in sending persons to rule them in one department and another, . . . men whose behavior on many occasions has caused the blood of those Sons of Liberty to recoil within them." [http://www.connecticutsar.org/articles/scarlet_no6.htm] Taking their name from his speech, the [[Sons of Liberty]] would show increasing resentment and hostility toward British rule in the years following up to the [[American Revolution]]; among them was silversmith and engraver [[Paul Revere]], who had published in the Massachusetts ''Spy'' newspaper a cartoon of a dragon (symbolizing Britain) being attacked by a rattlesnake in 1774. By then, Franklin's earlier "Join or Die" cartoon took on new meaning as a united colonist front against Great Britain herself.

After the [[Battle of Bunker Hill]] in the fall of 1775, several British merchant ships were captured, along with their stores of badly-needed gunpowder. The Continental Congress also decided that the ships captured would form the nucleus of a new navy, and authorised the mustering of marines to accompany the ships. One company of marines in Philadelphia marched beating drums bearing the image of a coiled rattlesnake on a yellow background, above the motto "Don't tread on me" [http://www.foundingfathers.info/stories/gadsden.html]. In Pennsylvania ''Journal'' on December 27, 1775 a letter by a man who signed it "The American Guesser" (and possibly determined to have been Franklin) mentioned this image:
:''"I observed on one of the drums belonging to the marines now raising, there was painted a Rattle-Snake, with this modest motto under it, "Don't tread on me." As I know it is the custom to have some device on the arms of every country, I supposed this may have been intended for the arms of America; and as I have nothing to do with public affairs, and as my time is perfectly my own, in order to divert an idle hour, I sat down to guess what could have been intended by this uncommon device — I took care, however, to consult on this occasion a person who is acquainted with heraldry, from whom I learned, that it is a rule among the learned of that science "That the worthy properties of the animal, in the crest-born, shall be considered," and, "That the base ones cannot have been intended;" he likewise informed me that the ancients considered the serpent as an emblem of wisdom, and in a certain attitude of endless duration — both which circumstances I suppose may have been had in view. Having gained this intelligence, and recollecting that countries are sometimes represented by animals peculiar to them, it occurred to me that the Rattle-Snake is found in no other quarter of the world besides America, and may therefore have been chosen, on that account, to represent her."'' [http://sln.fi.edu/qa99/musing3/index.html]

====Culpeper Minute Men====
[[File:CulpeperMinuteMen.jpg|right|200px|thumb|Flag of the Culpeper Minute Men]]
[[File:Gadsden flag.png|right|200px|thumb|Gadsden Flag]]
[[File:Hopkinsfig1.jpg|left|thumb|200px|Commodore Esek Hopkins, from an engraving in 1776; behind him are warships flying the "[[Pine Tree Flag]]" of George Washington's navy (right), and the flag which would become the First Navy Jack (left)]]
[[File:1st Navy Jack.JPG|right|200px|thumb|First Navy Jack]]
[[File:Snake1777.jpg|left|thumb|200px|American rattlesnake captures British army at Saratoga, 1777. Published when peace negotiations had begun, this British cartoon warns of the futility of further efforts to defeat the Americans. The rattlesnake boasts: "Two British Armies I have thus Burgoyn'd, And room for more I've got behind." A sign is posted over a vacant third coil:"An Apartment to Lett for Military Gentlemen." Rattlesnakes symbolized American fierce determination to fight for their liberty.]]
Mustering in Virginia were men who formed the First Virginia Regiment, a militia of three hundred men under the command of Colonel [[Patrick Henry]], who had just delivered a fiery speech in the colonial legislature proclaiming "give me liberty, or give me death!" Approximately one hundred of these men were from the town of Culpeper, which struck a fearful pose as they marched, wearing the dress of marauders in buckskin with Henry's words printed on their chests, tomahawks and knives in their belts, and a white flag flying above them with the image of a coiled rattlesnake above the now-familiar "Don't tread on me" motto. Culpeper County historian Eugene Scheel wrote of them:
:''"Their flag was special. Philip Slaughter described its central symbol as a coiled rattlesnake about to strike, and below it the words 'Don't tread on me!' At each side was the inscription 'Liberty of Death!' - those words of Patrick Henry, spoken that March at the second Virginia revolutionary convention. At the flag's top was the inscription 'The Culpeper Minute Men.' Benjamin Franklin had used the snake, cut into pieces, in his 1754 'Join, or Die' cartoon, and continued use of the serpent in newspapers in the post-1765 period undoubtedly prompted the Culpeper banner. The flag appears to predate the more famous Rhode Island rattlesnake banner presented by Col. Christopher Gadsden to the South Carolina Provincial Congress in February, 1776, and is contemporaneous with the Fifth Pennsylvania Regiment rattlesnake flag. Both these banners also bore the words 'Don't tread on me.'"'' (Scheel, pg. 55)

====Gadsden Flag====
{{main|Gadsden Flag}}
:''"Col. Gadsden presented to the Congress an elegant standard, such as is to be used by the commander in chief of the American navy; being a yellow field, with a lively representation of a rattle-snake in the middle, in the attitude of going to strike, and these words underneath, "DON'T TREAD ON ME!"'' (Journal of the South Carolina Provincial Congress, 9 February 1776)

Colonel Christopher Gadsden was a member of the Continental Congress who represented South Carolina, a member of the Sons of Liberty in that colony, and on the Marine Committee during the outfitting of the new Continental Navy. During the Age of Sail a squadron commander flew three flags from his ship: the "jack" (a flag placed at the bow); the "standard" (a personal flag flown from the main masthead); and the "ensign" (the national flag, flown from the stern). There is some debate as to whether of not a striped flag bearing the image of a rattlesnake was ever flown from an American warship during the Revolution; period engravings suggest that such a flag did exist and was used. [[Commodore Esek Hopkins]], the first and only commander of the Continental Navy and chosen for that position by Colonel Gadsden, flew as his personal standard Gadsden's flag; the Grand Union Flag, a thirteen-striped flag with the colors of the British Union in the canton, served as the national ensign.

The only written description of the Continental Navy jack contemporary with the American Revolution appears in Commodore Hopkins's "Signals for the American Fleet," January 1776, where it is described as "the strip'd jack." No document says that the jack had a rattlesnake or motto on it. Elsewhere, Hopkins mentions using a "striped flag" as a signal. Since American merchant ships often displayed a simple red and white striped flag, there is a good chance that the striped jack to which Hopkins refers was the plain, striped flag used by American merchant ships.

====First Navy Jack====
But engravings also show Hopkins standing before one of his ships, and on the stern post is a large, striped flag bearing a rattlesnake uncoiled diagonally across. This fact seems to have been confirmed by Benjamin Franklin, who wrote a description of the early American fleet to the Ambassador to Naples, describing that ''"Some of the States have Vessels of War, distinct from those of the United States. For Example, the Vessels of War of the State of Massachusetts Bay have Sometimes a Pine Tree, and South Carolina a Rattlesnake in the Middle of the thirteen Stripes."''

The normal jack flown from U.S. Navy warships is essentially the canton of the national ensign. The First Navy Jack was revived in 1980: an instruction from the Secretary of the Navy (SECNAV Instruction 10520.4) directed that the commissioned ship having the longest continuous period of commissioned active duty would have the honor of flying that flag until decommissioned, whereby the jack would be transferred to the next such vessel. This was changed during the Global War on Terrorism in 2002 (SECNAV Instruction 10520.6), when the Secretary directed that all ships fly the First Navy Jack. The First Navy Jack was discontinued in 2019.<ref>Read, Russ (July 20, 2019). [https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/policy/defense-national-security/dont-tread-on-me-flag-has-long-history-of-navy-use 'Don't Tread On Me' flag has long history of Navy use]. ''Washington Examiner''. Retrieved July 20, 2019.</ref>

==Use Today==
During the American revolutionary period, persons who protested heavy taxation or other abuses committed by the Crown were subject to arbitrary arrest and imprisonment, often without trial; these abuses were written down in the [[Declaration of Independence]], and prevented by the [[Bill of Rights]] in the [[United States Constitution]]. However, today's American government has saw fit to label tax protestors - along with Christians, pro-life people, and [[Second Amendment]] supporters - as "right wing terrorists" [https://www.wnd.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=95244]. Among those targeted are those who fly the image of the rattlesnake; in one incident a man was stopped on a Louisiana road and investigated for "extremist activities" simply for having the Gadsden flag as part of his bumper sticker [http://www.worldnetdaily.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=97374].

[[File:Buffalo Tea Party.jpg|right|200px|thumb|First Navy Jack and Gadsden flags flown during the Tea Party protest in Buffalo, New York, on April 15, 2009 (Derek Gee/Buffalo News).]]

All three flags were among those flown at the [[Tax Day Tea Party]] across the country on April 15, 2009, in protest of President [[Barack Obama]]'s massive $1.3 trillion stimulus bill. They have since appeared, as well, at other events connected with the [[Tea Party Movement]] and other similar movements such as [[Texit]].

== See also ==
* [[Flag of the United States of America]]
* [[Confederate States of America]]
* [[American historical flags]]
* [[Gadsden Flag]]

==References==
<references/>

===Notes===
*Franklin, Benjamin. "Felons and Rattlesnakes", commentary printed in The Pennsylvania ''Gazette'', May 9, 1751.
*Franklin, Benjamin. "The American Commissioners to [Domenico Caracciolo]" (personal letter), dated October 9, 1778
*Scheel, Eugene M, and Culpeper Historical Society, Inc. ''Culpeper: A Virginia County's History Through 1920''; Green Publishers, Inc., Orange, Virginia (1982)

{{Building Toward Independence}}

{{communism}}
[[Category:United States of America]]
[[Category:Flags]]

Genesis

2021-06-16T18:08:39Z

Hfhff:

[[Image:Creation of the sun.JPG|right|thumb|250px|''Creation of the Sun'', by [[Michelangelo]]]]
'''Genesis''' [Hebrew: '''בראשית'''] ([[Greek language|Greek]]: "birth", "origin"), is the "book of beginnings," and the first book of both the [[Bible]] and the [[Judaism|Jewish]] [[Torah]]. The Book of Genesis recounts the beginning of the [[universe]], living things including [[homo sapiens|mankind]], and mankind's [[Society|social]] and [[Culture|cultural]] formations. It stands as the introduction of the entire body of the Bible, of the creation of the original nation of [[Israel]], and of the earliest promises of the coming [[Jesus Christ|Redeemer]]. It provides explanations for modern scientific phenomena, such as [[quantum mechanics]], and is a wellspring of [[Biblical scientific foreknowledge]].

There are many dozens of references to Genesis in the [[New Testament]], including direct quotations of Genesis by [[Jesus]].

The Hebrew word for God is plural, and the creation of man was by a plural form of God (Genesis 1:26: "And God said, Let '''us''' make man in '''our''' image, after '''our''' likeness"). The meaning of the plural form was not fully understood until the emergence of Christianity and the acceptance of the [[Holy Trinity]].<ref>http://www.bible.ca/trinity/trinity-oneness-unity-plural-nouns-pronouns-verbs-adverbs.htm</ref> The Book of Genesis also contains a wonderful Theophany of the Three Divine Persons appearing to men in visible forms, that of the Three Persons in Genesis 18. It is said the Lord God appeared to Abraham, then that he perceived The Three Persons of the Holy Trinity as Three Men. Finally, that he adored Them And yet spoke to Three Persons as to One Lord God, and thus the Holy Bible here clearly demonstrates that the Holy Trinity is One Lord God.

Gen 18:1 "And the LORD appeared unto him in the plains of Mamre: and he sat in the tent door in the heat of the day; 2 And he lift up his eyes and looked, and, lo, three men stood by him: and when he saw them, he ran to meet them from the tent door, and bowed himself toward the ground,3 And said, My LORD, if now I have found favour in thy sight, pass not away, I pray thee, from thy servant:"

In the Eastern Liturgies, it is commonly taken for granted that this was a Theophany (a visible manifestation of the invisible God). For e.g "God in Three Persons appeared to Abraham at the oak of Mambre, and through mercy he was given as reward for his hospitality Isaac. That God we now glorify him as God of our Fathers."<ref>Octoechos, Sunday, Tone 3, Midnight Office, Ode 7.</ref><ref>https://www.academia.edu/13190369/The_Early_Christian_Reception_of_Genesis_18_From_Theophany_to_Trinitarian_Symbolism</ref>

Genesis is intended to be interpreted as plain historical narrative rather than poetry or in a figurative sense.<ref>Multiple references:
*Johnson, James J.S. (2011). [https://www.icr.org/article/genesis-history-poetry-exposing-hidden/ Genesis Is History, Not Poetry: Exposing Hidden Assumptions about What Hebrew Poetry Is and Is Not]. ''Institute for Creation Research'' (from ''Acts & Facts''. 40 (6): 8-9). Retrieved January 18, 2018.
*Sarfati, Jonathan (April 2015). [https://creation.com/genesis-is-history Genesis is history!]. ''Creation Ministries International'' (from ''Creation'' 37(2):50–52). Retrieved January 18, 2018.
*Batten, Don; Catchpoole, David; Sarfati, Jonathan D.; Wieland, Carl (November 30, 2007). [https://creation.com/is-genesis-poetry-figurative-a-theological-argument-polemic-and-thus-not-history Is Genesis poetry / figurative, a theological argument (polemic) and thus not history?] ''Creation Ministries International''. Retrieved January 18, 2018.
*Turpin, Simon (May 2, 2016). [https://answersingenesis.org/hermeneutics/is-genesis-1-literal-literalism-or-literalistic/ Is Genesis 1 Literal, Literalism, or Literalistic?] ''Answers in Genesis''. Retrieved January 18, 2018.</ref>

==Name==
The [[Hebrews]] had called the first book of [[Moses]] by the name of ''bereisheet'', meaning "in the beginning", based on the three words which start Genesis. The [[Septuagint]], the ancient Greek-language translation of the [[Old Testament]], rendered this title under the name ''he biblos geneseos'', from which came the current title of ''Genesis'', meaning "origin".<ref>Unger, 1966, p.396</ref>

==Overview==
The fifty chapters of the book of Genesis can be divided into two parts: the early, primeval history of man from the [[Creation]] to the fall of the [[Tower of Babel]] (Genesis 1-11), and the [[Patriarchs|Patriarchal History of Israel]] from [[Abraham]] and his son [[Isaac]], grandson [[Jacob]], and Jacob's sons, primarily [[Joseph]] (Genesis 12-50), although there is a continuous genealogy connecting both parts.

===The Creation===
''For more detailed treatments, see [[creation week]], [[creation story]], and [[Biblical creation account]].''

''In the beginning, God [[creation|created]] the [[heaven]]s and earth''. This is one of the most famous statements in the Bible, and it starts the account of God's creation. Genesis 1:1 through 2:3 involved the first seven days in history:<ref>Not all Christians accept that the days were literal days. See also [[Creation Week]], [[Gap theory]], and [[Old Earth Creationism]].</ref>
*The first day, the creation of the heavens and the Earth, and light ({{bible ref|Genesis|1|1-5}}).
*The second day, the creation of a "firmament" or ''expanse'', separating the waters ({{bible ref|Genesis|1|6-8}}).
*The third day, the creation of dry earth and plant life ({{Bible ref|Genesis|1|9-13}}).
*The fourth day, the creation of the Sun, the moon, and the stars, to mark the seasons ({{bible ref|Genesis|1|14-19}}).
*The fifth day, the creation of the creatures of the sea and the fowl of the air ({{bible ref|Genesis|1|20-23}}).
*The sixth day, the creation of the animals of the land, and the creation of Man ({{bible ref|Genesis|1|24-31}}).
*The seventh day, on which God rested from his task of creating ({{bible ref|Genesis|2|1-3}}).

The rest of chapter 2 through to the end of chapter 4 tell the story of Adam and Eve, the [[Garden of Eden]], and Adam and Steve's sons [[Cain]], [[Abel]], and [[Seth]].

The fall of mankind into [[sin]] began when the serpent questioned one of God's commands, namely not to eat of the [[tree of knowledge of good and evil]], and convinced Eve to eat the fruit, followed by [[Adam]]. The result of disobeying this command resulted in the driving away of Adam and Eve from the Garden to live a life of subsistence farming, and eventually dying. Eve was additionally cursed with painful childbearing, and to be subservient to Adam. All of these curses were also applied to Adam and Eve's descendants. {{bible ref|Genesis|3|15}} is cited as being the first reference to the coming [[Messiah]].

Chapter 5 is a [[chronogenealogy]] from Adam to [[Noah]] and his sons.

===The Flood===
Chapters 6 to 9 tell the story of the [[great flood]].

The wickedness of mankind becomes so great that God 'repents' of His creation and decides to destroy it all through a [[flood]]. Only Noah is righteous before God, and He instruct Noah to build an [[Noah's Ark|ark]] to carry himself, his family, and pairs of every creature on earth and in the air. God then destroys the earth with [[water]], the ark riding the waves until the waters abate and it comes to rest at the mountains of [[Ararat]]. God makes a promise never to destroy the earth by flood again, and shows Noah the sign of that covenant, a [[rainbow]].

Noah is also the first planter of a [[vineyard]], and during a drunken sleep one of his sons ([[Ham (son of Noah)|Ham]]) sees him naked. Noah awakes with the knowledge as to what he had done, and places a curse upon Ham's son Canaan, declaring that Canaan and his descendants would be slaves to the his brothers [[Shem]] and [[Japheth]]. All three sons would have their names and their descendants listed on the [[Table of Nations]], which is contained in chapter 10.

Some people argue that the flood account was taken from ancient Babylonian legends. This claim, however popular, is anachronistic. There are two proposed dates for the time Genesis was written, around 1440 BC and somewhere from 539 to 424 BC. The reason the claim that the Genesis flood narrative was taken from Babylonian legends is anachronistic are as follows:

If the older date is correct, this means that Genesis was written over eight centuries before the Hebrews made any contact with Babylon that had the potential for Babylonian influence on Hebrew writings. Since Genesis was written too early to have been affected by any Babylonian influence on Hebrew writings, it could not have taken from Babylonian legends, and the claim that it did is an anachronism.

If, however, the newer date is correct, this means that Genesis was written after Babylon had been conquered by Persia. Any Babylonian culture and influence would be uprooted and replaced with the Achaemenid Persian culture and influence. Since Genesis was written after the Babylonian culture and influence had been replaced with Achaemenid Persian culture and influence, it was written too late to have been affected by any Babylonian influence on Hebrew writings. Since Genesis was written too late to have been affected by any Babylonian influence on Hebrew writings, it could not have taken from Babylonian legends, and the claim that it did is an anachronism.

Therefore, if the earlier date is correct, than Genesis was written before any contact with Babylon and too early to have been affected by Babylonian influence on Hebrew writings. This means that it could not have taken from Babylonian legends, and the claim that it did is an anachronism. If the later date is correct, than Genesis was written after the Babylonian culture and influence had been replaced by Persian culture and influence and too late to have been affected by Babylonian influence on Hebrew writings. This means that it could not have taken from Babylonian legends, and the claim that it did is an anachronism. Either way, the claim that the Genesis flood account was taken from Babylonian legends is an anachronism. Since a statement cannot be both true and anachronistic at the same time, and the claim that the Genesis flood story was taken from Babylonian legends is anachronistic, it therefore cannot be true.

===Abraham===
Chapters 11 to 23 and the start of chapter 25 tells the story of Abram

Abram leaves the city of [[Ur]] with his wife, Sarai, on a journey towards [[Canaan]], where God has shown him what He was going to do: ''I will make of you a great nation, and I will bless you, and make your name great, so that you will be a blessing. I will bless those who bless you, and him who curses you I will curse; and by you all the families of the earth shall bless themselves.''

Sarai, being unable to have children, tells Abram to take [[Hagar]], his [[Egypt]]ian maid, as his [[wife]]. Hagar becomes pregnant with [[Ishmael]], and God makes a promise that the child will be "a wild ass of a man, his hand against every man and every man's hand against him," with descendants beyond number.

God also makes a covenant with Abram: Abram will have many descendants as well as possession of the land of Canaan. Abram's name is changed to "[[Abraham]]”, and Sarai becomes "[[Sarah]]." A sign of the new covenant is the [[circumcision]] of all males. Abraham is also told that Sarah will bear a son who will be named [[Isaac]], and it is through Isaac and his descendants that the covenant will be established; although Ishmael is to be a great nation, he is left out of God’s covenant.

Two [[angel]]s appeared to Abraham and told him that Sarah, barren for years, will bear a son. They also tell him that the wickedness of the cities of [[Sodom]] and [[Gomorrah]] is very great, and God will shortly punish them.
Abraham asks if the cities can be spared if so much as ten righteous men are found inside.

The two angels are received by Abraham's nephew [[Lot]], much to the consternation of the townspeople who surround the house and demand sexual acts with the strangers.
The townspeople are blinded, and the angels warn Lot and his family to flee immediately for the mountains and never look back. Both Sodom and Gomorrah are consumed by [[fire]] and [[brimstone]].
Lot’s wife turns back to look and is turned to a pillar of salt.

Sarah gives birth to Isaac, and at her insistence demands that Hagar and Ishmael are driven into the wilderness. While Ishmael is near dying, an angel speaks to Hagar and promises that God will not forget them, and will make the descendants of Ishmael a great nation.

God puts Abraham to the test by demanding the sacrifice of Isaac. Abraham sets out to obey God by carrying out is request.
But just as he is about to thrust the knife into Isaac, God restrains him, and promises descendants beyond numbering. Abraham dies later, "full of years", and is laid to rest in the Tomb of Machpelah in [[Hebron]], which he had purchased shortly before as a place of rest for Sarah.

===Isaac and Jacob===
Isaac had prayed to God that He would give his wife [[Rebekah]] a child, even though Rebekah was unable to get [[pregnancy|pregnant]]. God grants Isaac's request, and Rebekah gives birth to the twins [[Esau]] and [[Jacob]]
However, prior to the birth God predicted division between the two, with the elder serving the younger. Esau, the elder, despised his own birthright and sold it to Jacob for a bowl of red porridge, allowing Jacob to enter his father’s tent and deceitfully take the blessing intended for Esau. He flees to [[Haran]], the home of his uncle [[Laban]]. Along the way he has a dream of a ladder to Heaven, where God tells him of prosperity for himself and his descendants. Jacob names the spot [[Bethel]] in commemoration.

Jacob had two wives, [[Leah]] and [[Rachel]], and two [[concubine]]s, [[Zilpah]] (Leah's handmaid), and [[Bilhah]] (Rachel's handmaid). Together they bore Jacob twelve sons:
*From Leah: [[Reuben]], [[Simeon]], [[Levi]], [[Judah]], [[Issachar]], [[Zebulun]].
*From Rachel: [[Joseph]], [[Benjamin]].
*From Zilpah: [[Gad]], [[Asher]].
*From Bilhah: [[Dan]], [[Naphtali]].

===Joseph===
Joseph was Jacob's favorite son and was given a special colorful [[coat]], which provoked jealousy in his brothers, who were also angered by Joseph's dreams indicating his brothers would bow down before him.
So his brothers took the opportunity one day to sell him into [[slavery]] and claim to a distraught Jacob that Joseph was killed by a wild animal.

His ability to explain [[dream]]s while a slave in Egypt came to the attention of [[Pharaoh]], who was troubled by a dream of seven skinny [[cattle|cows]] and withered stalks of [[corn]] which ate seven fat cows and healthy stalks of corn. Joseph interpreted the dream as that of Egypt going through seven years of plentiful [[harvest]]s, followed by seven years of severe [[famine]], and followed it up by recommending that Pharaoh appoint a wise man over Egypt to ensure enough is collected and stored during the plentiful years to act as a hedge against the years of famine. Pharaoh responds by appointing Joseph himself to this position.
During the famine "all the earth came to Egypt to Joseph to buy grain, because the famine was severe over all the earth."

Jacob, not knowing Joseph was still alive, sent his sons to buy [[grain]] in Egypt. The brothers appeared before Joseph, but did not recognize him.
Joseph however, recognized them, and after a series of tests which convinced Joseph their characters had changed, revealed himself to them, convinces them that what happened in the past was God’s plan, and told them to bring Jacob and their families to live in Egypt.

Genesis ends with the blessing of Jacob’s children, his death, and the death of Joseph, who exhorts his brothers to carry his bones to the [[Promised Land]] when they eventually reach there.

==Authorship==
Biblical tradition within and without the [[Old Testament]], [[Jesus]] in the [[New Testament]], as well as extra-Biblical writers such as [[Josephus]], [[Origen]], the early church fathers and many others, have claimed [[Moses]] as the author of Genesis, written during the time of the [[Hebrew]] wanderings in the Wilderness, between 1440-1400 B.C. Certainly, Moses was well able to have written Genesis in Hebrew, [[Akkadian]], or Egyptian. He was well educated and trained in the Egyptian court. [[Archaeology]] demonstrates that such a man would have the education necessary to accomplish this during that time in history.<ref>Unger, pp. 35-35</ref>

The higher critical view is that Moses did not write Genesis. Some biblical scholars identified five separate authors of the five 'books of Moses'.<ref>[http://www.religioustolerance.org/chr_tora.htm Who Wrote The Pentateuch, The Five Books of Moses?]</ref><ref>[http://lectionary.org/EXEG-English/OT/EOT01-Gen/Authorship-Genesis%20&%20Pentateuch.html Introduction to Genesis & the Pentateuch]</ref> This idea is called the ''Documentary Hypothesis''. Although unidentified, each of these authors has been given the name of a letter:
* J who calls God ''YHWH'' (the ''Jehovist'' account), and who possibly wrote in the south of [[Kingdom of Judah|Judah]], written c. 850 B.C.
* E who uses ''Elohim'' ('the gods', 'the spirits') as God's name, and possibly wrote in [[Ephraim]], written c. 750 B.C.
* D who wrote the book of [[Deuteronomy]], about 650 B.C.
* P who wrote an alternate history in what was called the ''Priestly Code'', about 550 B.C.
* R who joined the writings of J, E, D and P to form a single work.
**(Though recent Scholarship has moved toward a four source hypothesis, with the Priestly writer functioning as final contributor and editor.)
Under this hypothesis, looking at the Creation story
* Genesis 1:1 through 2:3 were written by P.
* Genesis 2:4 was written by R
* Genesis 2:5 through 4:26 were written by J.
This idea has gained in popularity among critics since it was first proposed in the late 19th century. However, it is inevitably a product of modern rationalistic research and the application of literary criteria. Opponents of this research point to the fact that it is difficult to reconcile with the historical, miraculous, and prophetic elements which they claim to be basic to the first five books of the Bible.<ref>Unger, p. 397; Young, pp. 183-276</ref>

== See also ==

*[[Sistine Chapel]]
*[[Dead Sea Scrolls]]
*[[Midrash]] for the treatment in Jewish literature of the offering by Abraham of his son Isaac.
*For the rock band Genesis, please see [[Genesis (band)]]
*[[Genesis (Translated)]]

==References==

<references/>

==Sources==
*Holy Bible, King James Version (''Thompson Chain Reference''), B.B. Kirkbride Bible Co. Indianapolis, IN 1982.
*Unger, Merril F. ''Unger's Bible Dictionary'', Moody Press, Chicago, IL 1966.
*Unger, Merril F. ''Unger's Bible Handbook'', Moody Press, Chicago, IL 1967.
*Young, Edward J. ''Introduction to the Old Testament'', W.B. Eardmans Pub. Co. Grand Rapids, MI 1949.

==Links==
*[http://www.creationapologetics.org/table.html Table of Nations chart]
*[http://www.creationapologetics.org/creation.html Creation timeline]

{{Old Testament Books}}

{{communism}}
[[Category:Old Testament Books| 1]]
[[Category:Book of Genesis| ]]
[[Category:Featured articles]]

Rainbow

2021-06-16T18:08:16Z

Hfhff:

[[Image:Rainbow.jpg|thumb|400px|right|A rainbow, seen from the island of Curaçao. Note: the bright spot is a clearing in the clouds; the sun is ''behind'' the photographer.]]
A '''rainbow''' is an artistic circular [[color]] [[spectrum]] appearing in the [[sky]], predicted by the [[Bible]] as a sign from [[God]] after the [[Great Flood]]. As explained in [[Genesis 9-16 (Translated)#Chapter 9|Genesis 9:13]], [[God]] told [[Noah]] that the rainbow would remind God and Mankind of God's promise never to flood the [[Earth]] again: "I am setting My rainbow in the cloud, and it shall serve as a banner of a binding agreement between Me and the earth."

== Physical aspects ==
Physicists describe rainbows based on the [[refraction]] and multiple [[reflection]]s of sunlight in droplets of [[water]]. Though appearing semicircular from the ground, rainbows are actually circular. Rainbows appear when water droplets are lit by direct sunlight, a condition that rarely occurs ''during'' a [[storm]], because the [[cloud]]s block the [[sun]]. Rainbows are frequently seen ''after'' a storm, when the falling rain has moved into the distance and the sun is roughly behind the observer when the observer is facing the patch of rain.

[[Physics]] cannot explain the feelings of [[awe]] and [[spirituality]] rainbows inspire, as they did in [[William Wordsworth]] when he wrote:

  ''My heart leaps up when I behold'' 
    ''A rainbow in the sky:'' 
  ''So was it when my life began; 
  ''So is it now I am a man;'' 
  ''So be it when I shall grow old,'' 
    ''Or let me die!'' 
  ''The Child is father of the Man;'' 
    ''I could wish my days to be'' 
  ''Bound each to each by natural piety.''<ref>William Wordsworth, [http://www.bartleby.com/145/ww194.html "My Heart Leaps Up When I Behold] (1802)</ref>

Complete circular rainbows can be seen under the right conditions; in particular, when viewing the mists over [[Niagara Falls]] early or late in the day. Circular rainbows can sometimes be seen from an [[airplane]] when it flies over clouds, the rainbow actually encircling the airplane's shadow on the clouds. One way to think about the rainbow is that the mist or rain is like a projection screen, and the rainbow can only be seen where the projection screen is. When the projection screen is large enough, you see the entire circular rainbow.

The rainbow is often depicted inaccurately in pictures. For example, it may be depicted as a three-dimensional object, with perspective,<ref>[http://www.porterfieldsfineart.com/josephholodook/images/leprechaun72.jpg Leprechaun] A typical, but utterly unrealistic depiction of a rainbow. This picture also shows the rainbow as if it had separated, sharp-edged bands of color, in the order yellow, orange, red, green, blue.</ref> real rainbows never have this appearance. Real rainbows show an extremely subtle blending of color. It is hard to pick out separate colors in a rainbow, but of course to the extent that one can, they appear in the "[[RoyGBiv|Roy G. Biv]]" order, [[red]] outermost, then [[Orange (color)|orange]], [[yellow]], [[green]], and a range of [[blue|bluish]] shades which, in a real rainbow, are hard to distinguish and name. (RoyGBiv stands for "Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet".)

It is extremely difficult to reproduce the subtle, faint [[pastel]] colors of a rainbow on a printed page, or even in a color photograph, partly because a rainbow contains colors that are not within the range that can be produced by mixing three primaries, and partly because rainbows are faint; printed depictions of them almost invariably have been enhanced to make them look brighter and more intensely colored than they really are.

== Liberal redefinitions ==

Historically, the white banner emblazoned with a rainbow was used by the 16th century [[German]] [[heretical]] movement of [[revolution]]ary Thomas Münzer who preferred the illuminism of an interior revelation to the written [[Revelation]] and combined a streak of madness and considerable pride with real knowledge.<ref>{{cite book |title=A History of Protestantism: I.The Reformation |author=Émile G. Léonard |publisher=Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd. |year=1965 |pages=100, 101 |url=https://books.google.com/books?ei=v7DvVIOSHIP8UqiwgsAN&id=ozEsAQAAMAAJ&q=rainbow&hl=no&redir_esc=y}}</ref> When [[East Germany]] was still [[Communist]], Münzer was perceived by [[Marxist]] history as a hero, kind of secular saint who led the poor to class revolution and was a martyr to the cause of the working classes on their longer move towards the eventual [[proletarian]] state.<ref>{{cite web |author=Paul Boyer |title=Who was Thomas Muentzer? |publisher=https://www.pbs.org |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/apocalypse/explanation/muentzer.html |quote=Muentzer's flag had a rainbow on it, harkening back to the rainbow that Noah was given, the covenant with God. |accessdate= February 27, 2015}}</ref> In his 1926 essay ''“The Next Heresy”'', [[Gilbert Keith Chesterton]] expressed his opinion that the "madness of tomorrow" will have to do with an attack on sexual morality.<ref>{{cite web
|title=Chesterton and Friends
|author=
|date= FEBRUARY 22, 2007
|publisher=
|url=http://chestertonandfriends.blogspot.no/2007/02/heresys-kiss.html
|accessdate=2012-10-20
|quote=For the next great heresy is going to be simply an attack on morality; and especially on sexual morality. And it is coming, not from a few Socialists surviving from the [[Fabian Society]], but from the living exultant energy of the rich resolved to enjoy themselves at last, with neither Popery nor [[Puritans|Puritanism]] nor [[Socialism]] to hold them back … The madness of tomorrow is not in Moscow, but much more in Manhattan.
}}</ref> 

=== Rainbow flag ===
Over the last few decades, a rainbow has also been used as a symbol of [[homosexuality]], specifically the display of a "rainbow flag" showing several color bands. It is a prime example of the corrupting influence of homosexuality on language. The policy of [[LGBT]]I [[gleichschaltung]] attacking the genuine [[Christian]] [[faith]] included also an effort to rewrite the [[Bible]] in the [[Gnosticism#Gnostic traits in LGBT Ideology|gnostic]] spirit that has resulted in the so-called '''Queen James Bible''', which is emblazoned with a large rainbow cross on the front cover.<ref>{{cite web|title=Queen James Bible Claims To Be First-Ever 'Gay Bible,' But Some Say It Rewrites Scripture|author=Meredith Bennett-Smith|publisher=msnNOW.com|date=12/18/2012|accessdate=24/02/2013|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/12/18/queen-james-bible-claims-first-ever-gay-bible_n_2324962.html|quote=}}</ref> [[Scott Lively]] and Kevin Abrams argue in their book ''The Pink Swastika: Homosexuality in Nazi Party'' that the homosexual movement changed their symbol to the rainbow flag from the pink triangle when they tried to invest in a campaign to equate homosexuals with [[Jew]]s as [[Nazi]] victims in order to exploit the [[Holocaust]] for their political advantage but were challenged with research suggesting that the Nazi Party was conceived, organized and controlled throughout its short history by masculine-oriented male homosexuals who hid their sexual proclivities from the public. After this disclosure of Nazi history, homosexual community stopped talking about the Nazis almost entirely.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Pink Swastika: Homosexuality in Nazi Party |author=Scott Lively and Kevin Abrams |edition=The 5th Edition for Internet |url=http://www.thepinkswastika.com |quote=If The Pink Swastika were the "pack of lies" the homosexual movement claims it is, the book would not have influenced their "Gay Holocaust" strategy in the smallest degree. It would have been easy to discredit and disregard. Instead, how did the "gay" leaders respond to its challenge? They stopped talking about the Nazis almost entirely and changed their symbol from the pink triangle to the rainbow flag.}}</ref>
The [[homo-fascism|homo-fascist]] organization ''Equality Forum'' attributes the design of rainbow flag as a symbol of so-called "gay liberation movement" to Gilbert Baker.<ref>{{cite web |title=2018 Icons: Gilbert Baker |publisher=Equality forum |url=https://lgbthistorymonth.com/gilbert-baker |accessdate=4 Nov 2018 |quote=Gilbert Baker designed the iconic rainbow flag representing the lgbt community. "I love going to cities around the world and seeing the rainbow flag." Gilbert Baker}}</ref>

The term "rainbow" has also been used by left-wing political pressure groups to refer to their agenda of [[multiculturalism]], specifically the groups led by [[Jesse Jackson]] (the "Rainbow Coalition"), and [[Lenora Fulani]] (the "Rainbow Lobby").

In both of the above contexts, the "rainbow" is misused by [[liberal]]s as an alleged symbol of "[[diversity]]".
[[Christian]] authors refuse the rainbow as symbol of [[gay pride|pride]], remind that it is a promise of God,<ref>{{cite web |title=The Strange Death of Robert Eric Wone |author=clairethinker |date=November 20, 2012 |url=https://victimsofgaybullying.wordpress.com/tag/joseph-price/ |quote=The Rainbow: a promise of God ... NOT a symbol of pride |accessdate= February 27, 2015}}</ref> and call for redeeming the rainbow.<ref>{{cite book |title=Redeeming the Rainbow: A Christian Response to the "Gay" Agenda |author=Scott Lively |url=http://www.massresistance.org/docs/gen/09b/Redeeming_rainbow/Redeeming%20the%20Rainbow%20smaller%20file%20for%20e-mail.pdf }}</ref>

==References==
<references/>

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[[Category:Meteorology]]
[[Category:Colors]]