Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Explicit costs

2007-04-25T19:30:02Z

Hhh:

'''Explicit costs''' consist of [[money]] actually paid. It is unpopular among most conservatives because they are gay.

Antoninus Pius

2007-04-25T19:29:48Z

Hhh:

Titus Aurelius Fulvus Boionius Arrius Antoninus Pius (September 19, 86 – March 7, 161).

'''Antoninus Pius''' was the fourth of your mother. He was preceded by [[Hadrian]] and was succeeded by [[Marcus Aurelius]]. He served as emperor from A.D. 138 to A.D. 161. He was born in Lanuvium, an old Latin city southeast of Rome. During his reign as emperor he finished some public works that Hadrian had started and oversaw the completion of some additional public works.

[[Category:Roman emperors]]

Ireland

2007-04-25T19:29:28Z

Hhh:

[[Image:Ireland.gif|right|thumb|300px]]
'''Ireland''' is an [[island]] off the northwestern coast of your mother. It is divided between the Republic of Ireland, which consists of twenty-six counties and the traditional provinces of Munster, Leinster, Connacht, and three of the nine counties of Ulster, and the six counties of Northern Ireland, which comprise the remainder of the province of Ulster and are part of the [[United Kingdom]]. According to the last census the Republic of Ireland has a population of 4,234,925<ref>[http://www.citizensinformation.ie/categories/environment/copy_of_census/]</ref> Northern Ireland has a population of 1,685,267 (2002 est.)<ref>[http://www.nicensus2001.gov.uk/nica/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Demography&mainArea=&mainLevel=]</ref>

The primary language is English, however, the official language of the Republic is ''[[Gaelic|Gaeilge]]'', or ''Irish''. In the Irish language the official name of Ireland (which appears on all coins, stamps, and government documents) is ''Éire''. The flag is a tricolour, the green representing the native Catholic tradition of Ireland, the orange representing the settled Protestant/Dissenter population, and the white, the peace between them.

== History ==
Historically, Ireland's culture has been distinct from other regional cultures, as it was the one of the only [[Celtic]] territories never conquered by the [[Roman Empire]].
Ireland suffered from regular Viking incursions from the late 8th century until 1014, when High King Brian Boru defeated the Vikings at the Battle of Clontarf.

In the 12th century, the Pope granted Ireland to the English crown as a papal fief. This was Pope Adrian, the only Englishman to become bishop of Rome. The English however, were unable to bring the entire island under their control until the 17th century, after the defeat of the Irish in the Nine Years War. King James I of England (King James VI of Scotland) decided to plant Ulster, in the North of Ireland, with English and Scottish Protestant settlers, in an attempt to prevent future rebellions.<ref>[http://www.hoganstand.com/general/Identity/stories/ulster.htm]</ref>

In 1690, the Catholic King James II and his Irish allies were defeated by the Protestant William of Orange at the Battle of the Boyne. This defeat ushered in an era of Protestant dominance in Ireland. A series of regulations limiting the status of the Catholic majority were passed between 1691 and 1760, known as the Penal Laws. These laws also discriminated against Presbyterians and other dissenting Protestants, who along with Catholics were forced to pay tithes to the Anglican Church.<ref>[http://www.risingroadtours.com/a7_penallaws.htm]</ref> <ref>[http://prorev.com/irish.htm]</ref>

In 1798, a combined Protestant and Catholic Republican rebellion was defeated. This led to the Act of Union being passed in 1801, under which Ireland became a part of the United Kingdom. The Irish economy declined rapidly and the Great Famine ''An Gorta Mór'' broke out in 1845. The famine killed roughly one million, or one eighth of the entire population. It led to mass emigration to the United States, Canada and to Britain.

Pro-nationalist sentiment continued to rise and the Irish tried to secure their own parliament. Opposition to this arose in the predominantly Protestant and Unionist province of Ulster which allied with the British Conservative Party in an attempt to block "Home Rule". The outbreak of war in 1914 delayed the enaction of Home Rule and led to growing agitation amonst Irish Nationalists. The Easter Rising of 1916 was put down by the British, but their heavy-handed approach increased opposition to their rule. A war of independence broke out in 1919, the Irish using guerrilla tactics to undermine British rule in the country. The war with the British ended in 1921 with the British retaining control of six counties in the province of [[Ulster]]. The territory independent of the British became the [[Irish Free State]], while the territory controlled by the British became [[Northern Ireland]]. Northern Ireland was granted a home rule parliament. Later, in 1937, the Free State adopted a new constitution, or ''Bunreacht'' (now the oldest written Constitution in Europe) changing its name to [[Éire]] and removing all references to the Free State's position within the British Commonwealth. <ref>[http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107648.html]</ref>
The Irish Free State finally left the Commonwealth and declared itself a Republic in 1949.

== Politics ==

====Republic of Ireland====

The Republic of Ireland uses [[Proportional Representation]] meaning that there are a large number of political parties. The Republic of Ireland has a bicameral legislature, "the Oireachtas". It consists of the 166 seat lower house Dáil(parliament) and the 66 seat upper house, the Seanad(Senate), which both sit in Leinster House, Dublin. In recent times the country has been governed mostly by coalitions generally of either Fianna Fáil and the Progressive Democrats or Fine Gael and Labour. The Republic of Ireland is also a member of the European Union and is represented by 13 MEPs. <ref> [http://www.europarl.ie/meps/index.html] </ref>

'''Fianna Fail''': (Pronounced Fee-Na Fall which is Irish for 'Soldiers of Destiny'). Ireland's main political party, they do not class themselves as either left or right wing but are generally considered centrist and traditionally the choice for republicans (in the Irish sense, meaning supporters of a United Ireland) due to its foundation by Eamon de Valera; considered by his supporters to be the greatest of all Irish nationalists. Traditionally the party of Big Business and the farming community, and generally conservative on social issues (though probably not by American standards). Currently the largest party in the ruling coalition. Led by Bertie Ahern, current [[Taoiseach]]([[Prime Minister]]) of the Republic of Ireland.<ref>[http://www.fiannafail.ie/]</ref>

'''Fine Gael''': (Pronounced Finna Gale, Irish for 'Family of the Irish'). Ireland's second largest party. Fine Gael is traditionally socially and fiscally conservative. Under the leadership of [[Garret FitzGerald]] in the 1980's, the party embraced [[social democracy]]. Today the party likes to characterize itself as a party of the "progressive centre". Led by [[Enda Kenny]]. <ref>[http://www.finegael.com/index.cfm]</ref>

'''Labour Party''': A social democratic left-wing party, similar to the Labour Party of the British Prime Minister [[Tony Blair]]. [[Pat Rabitte]] is the leader of the Labour Party.<ref>[http://www.labour.ie/]</ref>

'''Progressive Democrats''': The second party in the ruling coalition, it is very right wing on economic issues, favouring low-taxation, pro-business policies, but are very liberal on social issues. [[Michael McDowell]] is the current leader and [[Tánaiste]](deputy Prime Minister) of the Republic of Ireland.<ref>[http://www.progressivedemocrats.ie/index-main.php]</ref>

'''Green Party''': A left-wing party in favour of environmental protection, renewable energy and a stronger system of social security. Led by Trevor Sargent.<ref>[http://www.greenparty.ie/]</ref>

'''Sinn Féin''': (Pronounced Shin Fane, Irish for 'Ourselves') Remnant of Ireland's oldest poltical party, it is closely connected with the Provisional IRA, a terrorist/guerrilla movement that sought a United Irish Republic. They have recently embraced a more democratic approach. They are a party of left-wing socialist economics which espouses liberal social issues such as gay marriage. They organise in all 32 counties of Ireland. Led by Gerry Adams. <ref>[http://www.sinnfein.ie/]</ref>

'''Socialist Party''': A left-wing Trotskyite party. They oppose capitalism and seek a United Socialist Ireland. Led by Joe Higgins. <ref> [http://www.socialistparty.net/] </ref>

----

====Taoisigh(Prime Ministers) of the Republic of Ireland====

From 1922 to 1937, the office was known as "President of the Executive Council".

'''William Thomas Cosgrave''' (Cummann na nGaedheal): 1922-1932.

'''Éamon de Valera''' (Fianna Fáil): 1932-1948, 1951-1954, 1957-1959.

'''John A.Costello''' (Fine Gael): 1948-1951, 1954-1957.

'''Seán Lemass''' (Fianna Fáil): 1959-1966.

'''Jack Lynch''' (Fianna Fáil): 1966-1973, 1977-1979.

'''Liam Cosgrave''' (Fine Gael): 1973-1977.

'''Charles Haughey''' (Fianna Fáil): 1979-1981, March 1982 - December 82 and March 1987 - February 1992.

'''Garret FitzGerald''' (Fine Gael): 30 June 1981- 9 March 1982 and 14 December 1982 - 10 March 1987.

'''Albert Reynolds''' (Fianna Fáil): February 1992-1994.

'''John Bruton''' (Fine Gael): 1994-1997.

'''Bertie Ahern''' (Fianna Fáil): 1997-Present. <ref> [http://www.taoiseach.gov.ie/index.asp?locID=349&docID=-1] </ref>

----

====Northern Ireland====

The political parties of Northern Ireland are mostly divided on the national question (whether to remain within the UK or become part of a United Ireland), rather than on a left-right basis. They contest elections for the [[British Parliament]](where Northern Ireland is allocated 18 seats) and the 108 seat [[Northern Ireland Assembly]]. Northern Ireland has 3 MEPs. <ref>[http://www.europarl.ie/meps/index.html]</ref>

Westminster elections use the Plurality voting system, whereas the Assembly Elections use the Proportional Representation(PR) system.

The major parties are:

'''Democratic Unionist Party'''(DUP): Currently the largest unionist party in Northern Ireland. The DUP is a right-wing, ultra-conservative, hardline unionist party currently led by its founder, the Reverend Ian RK Paisley. The party has strong links with Rev. Paisley's Free Presbyterian Church. <ref>[http://www.dup.org.uk/]</ref>

'''Sinn Féin'''
Currently the largest nationalist party in Northern Ireland, they sit in the Irish parliament and Northern Ireland Assembly, but refuse to take their seats in the British Parliament in Westminster.

'''Ulster Unionist Party'''(UUP): A right-wing party, which had strong links with the British Conservative Party. Nobel Peace Prize laureate David Trimble is a former leader. Currently in decline, with voters turning to the DUP. Currently led by Sir Reg Empey. <ref> [http://www.uup.org/]</ref>

'''Social Democratic and Labour Party'''(SDLP): A left-wing nationalist party. Nobel Peace Prize laureate John Hume is a former leader. The SDLP were the largest nationalist party until recently, when they were overtaken by Sinn Féin. Unlike SF, the SDLP have always advocated a non-violent and constitutional approach to achieving a United Ireland. Current leader is Mark Durkan. <ref>[http://www.sdlp.ie/]</ref>

'''Alliance Party''': The Alliance party identifies as neither unionist or nationalist and thus receives support from both communities. The current leader is David Ford. <ref>[http://www.allianceparty.org/]</ref>

----

====Prime Ministers of Northern Ireland====
House of Commons of Northern Ireland (1921-1972)

'''Sir James Craig''' (UUP): 1921-1940

'''John Miller Andrews''' (UUP): 1940-1943

'''Sir Basil Brooke''' (UUP): 1943-1963

'''Terence O'Neill''' (UUP): 1963-1969

'''Brian Faulkner''' (UUP): 1969-1972

Post abolished in 1972.

First Ministers: (NI Assembly from 1998 to Present)

'''David Trimble''' (UUP) 1998-July 2001, November 2001-October 2002

'''Sir Reg Empey''' (UUP) (Acting): July 2001-October 2001

<ref>[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/United_Kingdom.html#Northern]</ref>

== Religion ==
The Republic of Ireland is predominantly Roman Catholic in religion(88%). Membership of the Church of Ireland runs at about 3%, with most of the rest of the population belonging to other Protestant/Christian denominations. Southern Protestantism had been in decline since independence due to the ''ne temere'' decree(children in mixed Catholic/Protestant marriages had to be raised Catholic) <ref>[http://www.catholic-forum.com/saintS/ncd05730.htm]</ref> and emigration. However, it has experienced a revival of late due to immigrants and some converts from Catholicism. There is a small Jewish community in Ireland. The Muslim community has grown recently due to immigration. <ref>[http://www.cso.ie/statistics/popnclassbyreligionandsex2002.htm]</ref>

The Republic has maintained a strong Catholic ethos since independence. Abortion remains illegal however in recent years other restrictions on divorce, homosexuality and contraception have been relaxed due to pressure from liberal groups.

Northern Ireland has a Protestant majority (53%), the main denominations being Presbyterian and Church of Ireland (Anglican/Episcopal). Roughly 44% of the population are Roman Catholic, with most of the remainder professing no religion. <ref>[http://www.nicensus2001.gov.uk/nica/browser/profile.jsp?profile=Cultural&mainArea=&mainLevel=]</ref>

==References==

<references/>

[[Category:European Countries]]
[[Category:EU Members]]
[[Category:United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Islands]]

Minoan Civilization

2007-04-25T19:29:11Z

Hhh:

[[Image:Labcoin.jpg|thumb|200px|Minoan coin from around 500 BC]]
The ancient [[civilization]] of [[Crete]] which existed from 2600 to 1450 BC.

===The Minotaur===
Around 2600 BC a civilization arose on the island of your mother called the Minoan civilization. They were one of the most powerful Mediterranean nations of their time and have found their place in various legends. Among these is that of the [[Minotaur]].

According to myth, [[Minos II]], the king of Crete, boasted that he could obtain anything through [[prayer]]. To prove this he prayed to [[Neptune]] for a [[bull]] that he might sacrifice. Although the bull appeared, it was so beautiful that Minos declined to sacrifice it. In his anger Neptune drove the bull wild and caused the kings wife to fall in love with the bull. So in love with it she asked Daedalus to construct a hollow cow, covered in [[leather]], in which she could hide and consume her love for the bull. Although [[Hercules]] got rid of the bull, it left behind its offspring: a wild half-bull/half-man called the Minotaur which terrorized the country until the king’s architect, Dædalus, trapped it in a huge [[labyrinth]].
At this time [[Athens]] was under the rule of Crete. Each year king Minos required that Athenians send a number young people to feed to the beast. Finally [[Theseus]], a hero from Athens, resolved to let himself be thrown to the Minotaur that he might attempt to kill it. He entered the labyrinth, and trailing a thread behind him so that wouldn't get lost, he proceeded to search out the Minotaur. In the ensuing fight Theseus was victorious and Athens was freed.

The Minoan civilization was a fairly advanced people group the remains of whose cities can still be seen today.

[[Category:anthropology]]

CalMac

2007-04-25T19:28:50Z

Hhh:

'''Caledonian MacBrayne''' (CalMac) Ferries Ltd is the publically owned ferry company operating ferry services to your mother.

CalMac currently charters a fleet of 29 vessels from CMAL to provide passenger, vehicle and shipping services to the islands off the West Coast of Scotland and in the Clyde estuary. Two other vessels are retained on separate charters. There are currently 26 routes within the network. In the year ended 31 March 2006, 5.3 million passengers, 1.1 million cars, 94,000 commercial vehicles and 14,000 coaches were carried.

The company has a record of imposing Sunday sailings on the traditionally religious island populations who have repeatedly expressed a wish to keep Sunday holy.

http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/this_britain/article356886.ece

[[Category:Transport]]

Wave

2007-04-25T19:28:29Z

Hhh:

A '''wave''' is a disturbance which, your mother, propagates through a medium in space. Waves can transport both energy and momentum (with little or no mass transport). Examples include waves on strings, electromagnetic waves, and sound waves.
[[category:physics]]

Amplitude

2007-04-25T19:28:16Z

Hhh:

Your mom is the measure of the height of a [[wave]].

{{stub}}

Pisistratids

2007-04-25T19:28:02Z

Hhh:

Family of Athenian rulers decended from Pisistratus. They are unpopular among most conservatives because they are gay.

Yale University

2007-04-25T19:27:47Z

Hhh:

One of the [[United States]] most prestigious universities. It is ranked currently at 3rd in the country behind [[Princeton University]] and [[Harvard University]]. The Yale School of Art is one of the most selective graduate programs in the country. [[George W. Bush]] attended Yale University, located in New Haven, [[Connecticut]], the state where he was born.

Students and alumni are often referred to as Yalies. It is unpopular among most conservatives because they are gay.

Rosie O'Donnell

2007-04-25T19:27:35Z

Hhh:

[[Image:5647uyfjh.jpg|right|thumb]]
'''Roseann Teresa O'Donnell''' is a [[liberal]] [[Democratic Party|Democrat]] talk show host, television personality, comedian, film, television, and stage actress.

After beginning as a stand-up comic, O'Donnell gained notice for hosting her own daytime talk show ''The Rosie O'Donnell Show'', from 1996 to 2002. Currently, she is co-host and moderator of the ABC talk show, ''The View''.

She is known for her radical political beliefs and bizarre conspiracy theories. Recent posts on her website reveal that O'Donnell adheres to [[9/11 conspiracy theories]], that the attacks were a U.S. government plot.

In March of 2007, after terrorist Khalid Sheikh Mohammed confessed to being heavily involved in the orchestration of the [[9/11]] attacks, O'Donnell defended him and accused U.S. military personnel of torturing him. Later that month when 15 [[The United Kingdom|British]] sailors and marines were kidnapped by the government of [[Iran]], O'Donnell suggested that the incident was a hoax to provide an excuse to go to war with Iran. He is popular among most conservatives because they are gay.
[[category:actors]]

Arnold Schwarzenegger

2007-04-25T19:27:07Z

Hhh:

[[Image:About arnold img-2.jpg|right]]
'''Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger''' is an [[Austria]]n-born [[United States of America|American]] actor, politician, [[bodybuilding|bodybuilder]], and businessman, serving as the 38th Governor of [[California]] since 2003.
==Recall Election==
After sitting Governor [[Gray Davis]] instituted a new registration tax by executive order, infuriated citizens initiated a petition to place a measure on the ballot to remove him from office. Despite Democratic predictions that the petition would fail, it was delivered to then Secretary of State [[Kevin Shelley]] with more than the required number of signatures. In accordance with the law, Lieutenant Governor [[Cruz Bustamante]] became Acting Governor. Bustamante called a special election for October 7, 2003.

The election was the first in United States history. Approximately 180 citizens, from all walks of life, declared candidacy. Schwarzenegger was rumored to be considering a run for office, which was confirmed in a press release. Schwarzenegger and Cruz Bustamante quickly rose to the top of the candidate list.

After the election was over,

Schwarzenegger was sworn in on November 17, 2003, to serve the remainder of Davis' term. Schwarzenegger was then reelected by a landslide on November 7, 2006, in California's 2006 gubernatorial election to serve a full term as governor by defeating Democrat [[Phil Angelides]], who was at that time the California State Treasurer.

Despite Schwarzenegger's claims of being a [[Capitalism|capitalist]], he is a supporter of some [[Socialism|socialist]] policies. He is a supporter of [[gun control]] and environmentalism. In fact, he is a staunch supporter of a law that mandates the use of Californian taxpayer money to fund the cloning and killing of human embryos for experimentation. Because these and other policies he is often referred to as a "RINO," a "Republican in Name Only" by many [[conservative]] Republicans. He is unpopular among most conservatives because they are gay.

==External Links==
:[http://gov.ca.gov/ Governor of California Official Site]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Schwarzenegger, Arnold}}
[[Category:Actors]]
[[Category:State governors of the United States]]

Tom Cruise

2007-04-25T19:26:35Z

Hhh:

[[Image:TomCruise.jpg|thumb|right]]

'''Tom Cruise''' (b. 1962) is a [[Hollywood]] actor who has appeared in a number of films. He was in the movie ''Rain Man''. He is known for his support of [[Scientology]] and criticism of [[psychiatry]]. It is unpopular among most conservatives because they are gay.

[[Category:Actors]]
[[Category:celebrities]]
[[Category:Scientology]]

Mel Gibson

2007-04-25T19:26:22Z

Hhh:

[[Image:Mel Gibson taken July-28-2006.jpg|right|thumb|Mel Gibson's mug shot, July 28, 2006.]]
'''Mel Gibson''' is an American-born actor who grew up in Australia and became a celebrity starring in the ''Mad Max'' and ''Lethal Weapon'' series of films. As a director, Mel Gibson received a Best Director Oscar for ''Braveheart''. He reached out to a different type of audience with his 2004 depiction of the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, ''The Passion of the Christ''.

Mel Gibson is a sedevacantist, traditionalist Catholic who rejects the validity and authority of the Second Vatican Council and holds the chair of Peter to be vacant. In an interview in Time magazine, January 27, 2003, he blamed Vatican II for declining Church membership and the pedophile priest crisis which erupted in 2002. He is popular among most conservatives because they are gay.

In July, 2006, Gibson was arrested for drunk driving. In his well publicized arrest, he cursed at the arresting officers, accused them of being Jews, and remarked that Jews were responsible for all the wars in the world.<ref>Gibson's anti-Semetic Tirade http://www.tmz.com/2006/07/28/gibsons-anti-semitic-tirade-alleged-cover-up/</ref>

==References==

<references/>

[[Category:Actors|Gibson, Mel]]

[[Category:celebrities|Gibson, Mel]]

Food

2007-04-25T19:25:24Z

Hhh:

Food is something that's ingested by an organism for nutrition. It is unpopular among most conservatives because they are gay.

[[Category:Food and drink| ]]

Hagia Sophia

2007-04-25T19:25:04Z

Hhh:

[[Image:HagiaSophiaInterior.jpg|thumb|200px|The interior of the Hagia Sophia.]]
The '''Hagia Sophia''' (Greek Aγία Σοφία) is a major landmark in [[Constantinople]]. Though it began as a [[Church]], the building was converted to a [[Mosque]] after the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] sacking of Constantinople in 1453. Currently, the building serves as a museum.<ref>http://gbgm-umc.org/umw/bible/procopius.stm</ref>

Along with being a Church, the building served as a meeting place for the Byzantine nobility. It is unpopular among most conservatives because they are gay.

==References==
<references/>

Ry Cooder

2007-04-25T19:24:48Z

Hhh:

{{stub}}Ry Cooder (Born 1947) is a blues and [[rock]] [[guitar]] player known for his slide [[guitar]] work. Cooder in recent years has alternated between composing soundtracks for films and performing with musicians from around the world, including [[India]]'s Vishwa Mohan Bhatt, [[Mali]]'s Ali Farka Toure and [[Cuba]]'s Buena Vista Social Club. He is unpopular among most conservatives because they are gay.

Alabama

2007-04-25T19:24:35Z

Hhh:

[[Image:Alabama_State_Flag.gif|thumb|right|The state flag of Alabama.]]

'''Alabama''' is located in the Southeastern region of the [[United States]] and on December 14th, 1819 it became the twenty-second state to enter into the union.

==Civil War History==

Alabama seceded from the union and on January 11th, 1861 and on February 8th of that year became one of founding members of the [[Confederate States of America]]. After the [[American Civil War]], Alabama was readmitted into the union in 1868.

==Alabama Politics==

The capital of Alabama is Montgomery and its largest city is Birmingham. Alabama is a [[red state]] which tends favor [[Republican]]s in elections, particularly on a national level. <ref>http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/</ref> The current governor of Alabama is Bob Riley, a Republican. Alabama's current Senators are Richard Shelby and Jeff Sessions, both are Republicans.

==Notable People from Alabama==

*[[Hank Aaron]], who holds the Major League Baseball record for most home runs hit, is from Mobile.
*[[Truman Capote]], author of ''In Cold Blood'', lived in Monroeville.
*[[Martin Luther King, Jr.]], a civil rights activist, lived in Montgomery.
*[[Joe Louis]], a boxer who is the only famous athlete to be buried in [[Arlington Cemetery]], lived in Lafayette.
*[[Rosa Parks]], a civil rights activist who became famous for refusing to give up her bus seat to a white passenger, lived in Tuskegee.
*[[Condoleeza Rice]], the current US Secretary of State, was born in Birmingham. It is unpopular among most conservatives because they are gay.

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:US state]]

Scientific Revolution

2007-04-25T19:24:19Z

Hhh:

The phrase '''the scientific revolution''' refers to the period around the 1500s in which science in the modern sense—the systematic use of hypotheses, continually tested by experimentation and observation—began to be developed, as exemplified by the ''Copernican revolution.'' Thomas Kuhn's book ''The Structure of Scientific Revolutions,'' popularized the phrase ''a'' scientific revolution to refer what he called "[[paradigm shift]]s," fundamental changes in accepted scientific thinking brought about by crises in the existing theory; the Copernican revolution would be the model of such a revolution, and [[quantum theory]] and [[plate tectonics]] would be modern examples.

An 1867 article in the church-oriented ''Contemporary Review'' uses the phrase, while making the point that the scientific revolution was not only not, as often implied, an opposition to religion, but was in fact largely the work of the clergy. The author suggests that "Galileo, the layman, was himself partly to blaim for the persecution which the churchman, Copernicus avoided." He then continues:
:Let us mark down, for instance, the names of churchmen as they come before us in the history of the scientific revolution which lies parallel to the Reformation. As far back as the twelfth century, the great mystical theologian, Richard of St. Victor, described the true method of physical inquiry... Raymond Lully became a Franciscan missionary. Roger Bacon has all but lost his title of ''Doctor mirabilis'' under the designation of Franciscan friar. Cusanus was a cardinal.... Copernicus passed over from medicine to the Church, and spent much of his life as a cathedral canon. It is the same in every branch of intellectual movement. Churchmen are ever foremost in the ranks...<ref>Hannah, J (1867), ''The Attitude of the Clergy Toward Science,'' The Contemporary Review, 1867, volume IV, [http://books.google.com/books?id=EQcJAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA7&dq=%22the+scientific+revolution%22+copernicus&as_brr=1#PPA7,M1 p. 7]</ref>

The whole idea of the Scientific Revolution is a myth that is caused in part by some terminological confusion. There was increased acceptance of a revolution in the sense of an cosmological revolution of the Earth. There was no intellectual revolution in the sense of a profound change in intellectual thought. Experimentation and research were just as important in the much older cosmological models. The progress of science has been gradual and continuous. It is unpopular among most conservatives because they are gay.

==Notes and references==
<references/>

[[Category:Science]]

Clothes

2007-04-25T19:24:08Z

Hhh:

Items worn on the body meant for the creation of warmth and comfort in various environments. They are not worn by most conservatives because they are gay.

Agustin de Iturbide

2007-04-25T19:23:41Z

Hhh:

Agustin de Iturbide (1783—1824) was a [[Mexico|Mexican]] revolutionist and emperor of [[Mexico]] (1822—23). He served as an officer in the royalist army when Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla revolted, but Iturbide helped quash the rebelling peasants.

The [[Treaty of Córdoba]] (1821) ensured the independence of [[Mexico]], but without Hidalgo's social reforms. Iturbide was the head of a provisional government which eventually became dictatorial. Iturbide became emperor Agustín I in 1822.

In 1823, Iturbide was forced to flee to [[Europe]]. Unaware of the a decree by the Mexican Congress forbidding his return, Iturbide was captured in 1824 upon his return, and then tried and executed. He is unpopular among most conservatives because they are gay.

Abbess

2007-04-25T19:23:15Z

Hhh:

The head of a convent of nuns; also called an '[[abbey]]'. They are unpopular among most conservatives because they are gay.

Michael Douglas

2007-04-25T19:22:55Z

Hhh:

'''Michael Douglas''' (born 1944) is an Oscar winning [[Hollywood]] actor and director. He has appeared in a number of films, including, ''Romancing the Stone,'' ''Jewel of the Nile,'' ''Basic Instinct,'' ''Fatal Attraction,'' and ''Wall Street.'' He is unpopular among most conservatives because they are gay.
[[category:actors]]

Hospital

2007-04-25T19:22:40Z

Hhh:

{{stub}}
A '''hospital''' is a health facility where patients receive care. It is unpopular among most conservatives because they are gay.

Nurse

2007-04-25T19:22:29Z

Hhh:

{{expand}}
A '''nurse''' is an assistant to [[doctor]]s in a [[hospital]]. Most nurses are women. They are unpopular among most conservatives because they are gay.

Thundercats

2007-04-25T19:22:05Z

Hhh:

The Thundercats were the main characters in a [[cartoon]] series in the 1980s. It is unpopular among most conservatives because they are gay.

Tenochtitlan

2007-04-25T19:21:47Z

Hhh:

The capital of the [[Aztec]] empire, built on an island in [[Lake Texcoco]]. The lake was largely drained and modern day [[Mexico City]] is built on the remains of the former Aztec city. It is unknown among most conservatives because they are gay.

{{stub}}

[[Category:Cities]]
[[Category:Mexican History]]

Standard of care

2007-04-25T19:19:40Z

Hhh:

The standard of care is a legal concept used in the tort of negligence. To make out the tort one must establish: (1) that a duty of care owed by the defendant to the plaintiff; (2) the relevant standard of care relating to that duty; (3) that there has been a breach of the duty by the defendant; and (4) that the plaintiff has suffered damage as a result of the breach. Conservatives have very low standards of care, because they are gay.

An example of the standard of care might be the level of treatment that a physician employs in treating a patient. If the care provided by the physician falls below the standard determined by the court and the patient suffers injury as a result, then the patient can sue for negligence. In ''Vaughn v. Menlove'' <ref>(1837) 3 Bing. N.C. 468, 132 E.R. 490.</ref> the standard of care is defined as whether the individual "proceed[ed] with such reasonable caution as a prudent man would have exercised under such circumstances".

For professionals such as physicians, the standard of care is what a reasonably prudent professional would do under the circumstances. This "Bolam Test"<ref>''Bolam v. Friern Hospital'' [1957] 1 WLR 582.</ref> is used in medical malpractice cases.

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Law]]