Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Essay:Quantifying Openmindedness

2011-08-17T02:02:10Z

JohnA7: /* Test Your Open-mindedness */ Added one

We quantify intelligence (IQ), academic performance (grades), body weight (pounds or kilograms), running speed, and all sorts of other personal characteristics. But perhaps more useful than any of those numbers would be a measure of open-mindedness.

By "open-mindedness" I mean a genuine willingness to consider the evidence before rejecting an idea. I do not mean tolerance, or a rejection of absolute truth, or [[skepticism]]. Open-mindedness means here what the dictionary says: "receptive to arguments or ideas."<ref>http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?va=open-mindedness</ref>

One way to measure open-mindedness is to test for close-mindedness, and then take the converse. A subject for our measurement can be asked if he views certain proposals as impossible. By impossible I do not mean mathematically impossible, but so unlikely as to be considered absurd. Belief in impossibility is a sign of close-mindedness, because it reflects the unwillingness of the subject to be "receptive" to the possibility.
__NOTOC__
== Test Your Open-mindedness ==

# Do you resist admitting the possibility that a conservative approach to education is far more effective for students than a [[liberal]] one?
# If it were proved to your satisfaction that some idea you've been using to bolster a political argument was false, would you keep using that idea in your argument?
# Do you resist admitting that something you accepted for over a decade is, in fact, completely false?
# Do you resist the possibility that [[Hollywood values]] result in significant harm for those who believe in them, and to innocent bystanders?
# Do you think it is impossible that increased gun ownership reduces the rate of crime?
# When President [[Ronald Reagan]] told Mr. [[Gorbachev]] to tear down the Berlin Wall, did you think that it was impossible for the Berlin Wall to be torn down?
# Did you think, or still think, that the [[Strategic Defense Initiative]] ("Star Wars") is impossible?
# Do you think that it is impossible that the [[Shroud of Turin]] is authentic?
# Do you think that there ''must'' be a purely material-based explanation (such as magnetism) for remarkable [[homing]] and [[migration]] behavior of birds and butterflies?
# Do you think that it is impossible for the speed of light to have been different in the past?
# Do you think that it is impossible to measure openmindedness?
# Do you think that evolution <ref>By "evolution" is meant the theory of evolution, especially universal common descent.</ref> ''must'' have occurred?
# Do you think that is impossible for the power of 2 in Newtonian gravity, whereby the gravitational force is proportional to 1/r2, to be more precise with an exponent that is slightly different from 2, such as a gravitational force proportional to 1/r2.00000001?
# Do you resist admitting that some things taught to you in school are completely false, and even known to be false by some responsible for the material?
# Do you deny that some widely required theories of science may actually impede the progress of science?
# Do you deny that the imposition of socialism and same-sex marriage on a nation could harm its competitiveness at international events like the Olympics?
# Do you refuse to consider the possibility that "experts" may not have all the answers, and that the [[best of the public]] may have valuable insights to which experts are blind?
# Do you think that if you read parts of the Bible years ago as a child, you can claim to "have read the Bible" and that you have no reason to read it regularly now?
# Do you think that it is impossible for an oppressing society (like [[Communism]] or [[theocracy]]) to become a [[democracy]]?
# Do you believe that because the Earth's orbit and rotation are what they are now, they are guaranteed to remain stable for billions of years?
# Do you think that solutions/resolutions to problems or conflicts (e.g. [[abortion]], [[prohibition]], [[capital punishment]], [[segregation]], [[vaccination]]) never do more harm than good?

The above questions can be asked, and one's closed-mindedness can be scored based on how often they answered "yes" above. Answering more than half as "yes" reflects acute closed-mindedness.

== Follow-Up Questions ==

For each topic, a short set of follow-up questions is appropriate:

'''Have you seriously considered the evidence for this idea?'''

:1a. If no, then is that because you have never heard of it?

::1aa. If if you have never heard of it, then will you seriously consider the evidence?

::1ab. If you have heard of it, but have never seriously considered the evidence, then on this question you lose a point for lack of open-mindedness.

:2b. If yes, then how much time have you spent reviewing the evidence? What evidence did you look at?

::2ba. If less than 1 hour, then you lose a point for lack of open-mindedness.

::2bb. If more than 1 hour, then ... [Optional question: When, where, what and how did you review the evidence? If the answers are consistent with your claim of spending more than an hour, then ...] ... you gain a point for open-mindedness.

::2bc. If you have not reviewed the evidence due to lack of time or interest, have you formed an opinion about the idea anyway?

== Further Refinements ==

A more sophisticated approach would be to replace the time threshold (an hour in the above example) with an analog version or formula that converted time spent reviewing the evidence of a new idea into a a variable for openmindedness. For example, the open-mindedness variable O could be:

:<math>O = t/60</math>

where t is the time spent in minutes. O could then be summed over a series of topics, and normalized by dividing it by the number of topics.

== References ==

<references/>

[[Category:Essays]]

The Prisoner's Dilemma

2011-08-16T23:49:30Z

JohnA7: Redirected page to Prisoner's dilemma

#REDIRECT [[Prisoner's dilemma]]

Assume good faith

2011-08-16T23:48:16Z

JohnA7: I think this is what the author meant

"'''Assume good faith'''" is a motto oft used in collaborative work, suggesting that upon initial contact with another contributor it is best to assume that the other person is working in [[good faith]]. This initial working assumption may be changed by later events or experiences.

The principle is also the keystone of the [[Tit for Tat|leading strategy]] in a tournament of computer programs simulating [[The Prisoner's Dilemma]].

[[category:computers]]

Noah's Ark

2011-08-16T00:45:25Z

JohnA7: /* Searching for the Ark */

{{Ship
| image=Scale-model-of-noah-ark.jpg
| caption=The replica of Noah's ark shown above is 1/75 scale. For comparison purposes, both the railroad stockcar and model of the sailing ship Pinta (one of Columbus' ships) are also at the same 1/75 scale model size.<ref>[http://www.biblestudy.org/biblepic/arksize.html Scale model replica of Noah's ark - Biblestudy.org]</ref>
| owner=[[Noah]]
| authorized=1 Eitanim 1536 AM (4 October 2469 BC)
| keellaid=1 Abib 1536 AM (30 March 2468 BC)
| commissioned=10 Bul 1656 AM (5 November 2349 BC)
| launched=17 Bul 1656 AM (12 November 2349 BC)
| retired=27 Bul 1657 AM (11 December 2348 BC)
| status=Grounded; sightings disputed
| type=Barge, livestock
| displ=21,600 metric tons (est.)<ref>Calculated from length, beam, and estimated draft.</ref>
| length=300 long cubits (157.2 m)
| beam=50 long cubits (26.2 m)
| draft=10 long cubits (5.24 m, est.)<ref>The height of this vessel when in "drydock" was 30 long cubits.</ref>
| crew=8
}}'''Noah's Ark''' (or ''the Ark'') was a large seafaring vessel referred to in the [[Genesis|book of Genesis]]. It was built by [[Noah]] at the command and instruction of [[God]], in response to the [[Depravity of man|evil of man]] at the time. God told Noah that he would destroy the [[earth]] with a [[Great Flood|flood]], and only Noah, his family, and some animals would be saved in the ship.

== The Ark ==
{{cquote|'''Genesis 6:13-22''' (God's blueprints) Then God said to Noah, “The end of all flesh has come before Me; for the earth is filled with violence because of them; and behold, I am about to destroy them with the earth. Make for yourself an ark of gopher wood; you shall make the ark with rooms, and shall cover it inside and out with pitch. This is how you shall make it: the length of the ark three hundred cubits, its breadth fifty cubits, and its height thirty cubits. You shall make a window for the ark, and finish it to a cubit from the top; and set the door of the ark in the side of it; you shall make it with lower, second, and third decks. Behold, I, even I am bringing the flood of water upon the earth, to destroy all flesh in which is the breath of life, from under heaven; everything that is on the earth shall perish. But I will establish My covenant with you; and you shall enter the ark—you and your sons and your wife, and your sons’ wives with you. And of every living thing of all flesh, you shall bring two of every kind into the ark, to keep them alive with you; they shall be male and female. Of the birds after their kind, and of the animals after their kind, of every creeping thing of the ground after its kind, two of every kind will come to you to keep them alive. As for you, take for yourself some of all food which is edible, and gather it to yourself; and it shall be for food for you and for them.” Thus Noah did; according to all that God had commanded him, so he did.}}

=== Materials ===
The vessel was constructed with gopher wood, which was covered with a layer of pitch (a kind of [[tar]]). Scholars, although not sure, posit a number of possibilities for what gopher wood represents, including [[mahogany]], [[zebra wood]], [[cambriatic wood]], [[cypress]], and [[ebony]].<ref>[http://www.christiananswers.net/q-eden/gopherwood.html What is “Gopher Wood”? ChristianAnswers.net]</ref>

=== Tools used in construction ===
[[Image:Approx level of technology in Noah's time.png|thumb|300px|Technology used by Noah was most probably comparable to technology used by ancient [[Egypt]]ians.]]
{{cquote|'''Did Noah cut out the ark with an adze?''' Some illustrations show an old bearded Noah chipping away at a log with an adze. Some portray Noah belonging to a 'primitive' culture of nomadic herdsmen, who never made anything more advanced than a tent-pole and a clay bowl. The evidence disputes this. From the 'dawn' of civilization (which is really the 2nd dawn - after the flood), man's ingenuity and technical achievements are astounding. So much so that they are considered ancient 'mysteries', or even 'evidence' of high-tech alien visitations. The evolutionary mindset implies a gradually increasing level of technology which suddenly boomed a few centuries ago. Not so in the diggings. Some of the most ancient Egyptian artefacts defy a simple explanation for their manufacture - from the precisely machined granite vase to the huge accurate pyramids and buildings. And these are the bits that survived some 4000 years!<ref>[http://www.worldwideflood.com/ark/technology/ancient_technology.htm WWF: Ancient Technology]</ref>}}

=== Interior design and dimensions ===
There were three stories which were divided into multiple rooms. There is only a single window and door recorded for the whole ark, but possibly because these were the most important ones. The dimensions were three hundred [[cubit]]s long by fifty cubits wide by thirty cubits high (Gen. 6:15), which equates to approximately 450 feet long, by 75 feet wide, by 45 feet high.

=== Construction time ===
[[Image:Ark construction.jpg|thumb|300px|Ark construction: Photo of a scaled model at the [[Creation Museum]]. This was taken by Conservapedia user [[User:TerryH|TerryH]].]]
The Bible does not really tell us an exact number of years for the amount of time it took to construct this monstrous vessel. However, the first mention of Noah in Genesis 5:32 says, "Noah was five hundred years old," and then in 7:6 it says, "Now Noah was six hundred years old when the flood of water came upon the earth." But concerning God's relationship with man, the Bible says this:{{Bible quote|Then the LORD said, "My Spirit shall not strive with man forever, because he also is flesh; nevertheless his days shall be one hundred and twenty years."|book=Genesis|chap=6|verses=3|version=NASB}}

Though some suggest that this was a reference to [[human longevity|human life expectancy]] post-Flood, others point out that the life expectancy of man did not decline abruptly, but gradually, over at least fifteen generations. So the 120 years might also refer to a prophetic warning given 120 years in advance of the [[Great Flood]]. So it can really only be said that it took a maximum of 120 years to construct the ark, from the time God had given him the command to when he actually finished and was in the ship.

We are told later that Noah was a "preacher of righteousness", so presumably did not work full time on the construction of the ark, but also spent time preaching.
We also don't know whether or not he employed hired labour in its construction.
The ark may have been constructed in a much shorter time than the maximum 120 years.

=== Seaworthiness ===
{{cquote|To endure several months in the open sea, the wooden hull of Noah's ark must have a certain minimum strength. Factors such as uneven cargo distribution, increased length or a more "block shaped" hull (block coefficient) accentuate the need for a strong hull. Another factor is the severity of the sea state.<ref>[http://www.worldwideflood.com/ark/hull_calcs/wave_bm1.htm WWF: Wave Bending Moment]</ref>}}
<gallery>
Image:Hogging and sagging 1.png|Hogging
Image:Hogging and sagging 2.png|Sagging
</gallery>
Research by staff members of the Korea Research Institute of Ships and Engineering, Taejon, showed that the ark "could have navigated sea conditions with waves higher than 30 metres".<ref>Hong, S.W., Na, S.S., Hyun, B.S., Hong, S.Y., Gong, D.S., Kang, K.J., Suh, S.H., Lee, K.H., and Je, Y.G., [http://creationontheweb.com/content/view/1773/ Safety investigation of Noah’s Ark in a seaway], ''Journal of Creation'' 8(1):26–36, April 1994.</ref>

=== Occupants ===
[[Image:Noah's Ark - Rod Walsh.jpg|center]]
Noah was instructed, by God, to take aboard the Ark his wife, his three sons and their wives, male and female pairs of all the "unclean" kinds of creatures, seven (or seven pairs) each of the "clean" kinds, and enough food and supplies for everyone (Gen. 6:18-7:3; 7:6, 11).

=== Maiden Voyage ===
The ark was afloat for about a year, and finally came to rest somewhere in the mountains of [[Ararat]]. This is believed by many to be the mountains in modern Turkey which bear that name (Gen. 8:4).

== Searching for the Ark ==
If the Mount Ararat in present-day Turkey is indeed the Mount Ararat on which the ark came to rest, then the ark must have been covered, rotted away, moved or disassembled since then because it is not visible on the surface. <ref>http://maps.google.com/maps?q=mount+ararat&hl=en&ll=39.733594,44.288635&spn=0.63788,1.352692&sll=39.97712,39.770508&sspn=20.306998,43.286133&vpsrc=6&t=h&z=10</ref>

=== Durupinar site ===
In 1977, Ron Wyatt promoted a site on the lower slopes of Mount Ararat which he claimed was the remnants of Noah's Ark.<ref>http://www.wyattmuseum.com/noahs-ark-04.htm</ref> However, his findings have since been discredited by a variety of sources including mainstream archaeologists and other Young Earth Creationists<ref>Snelling, Andrew, [http://creationontheweb.com/content/view/1945/ Special report: Amazing ‘Ark’ exposé], ''Creation'' 14(4):26–38
September 1992.</ref> prompting [[Creation Ministries International]] and [[Answers in Genesis]], two of the world's largest creationist ministries, to make a general statement that Young Earth Creationists should not use Wyatt's claims since they are at best highly dubious.<ref>http://www2.andrews.edu/~merling/</ref><ref>[http://creationontheweb.com/content/view/2996/84/#Wyatt Arguments we think creationists should NOT use] (Creation Ministries International)</ref><ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/home/area/faq/dont_use.asp</ref>

==Ark story "hidden" in Chinese characters==
It has been noted by several researchers<ref>http://creation.com/images/pdfs/tj/j19_2/j19_2_96-108.pdf</ref><ref>''The Discovery of Genesis: How the Truths of Genesis Were Found Hidden in the Chinese Language'', C. H. Kang and Ethel R. Nelson, Concordia College (publisher), 1979</ref> that the Chinese character for a "large ship/boat/vessel"<ref>http://www.chinalanguage.com/dictionaries/ccdict/?action=view&query=8239&encoding=text&mode=english</ref> is a combination of the characters for "boat,"<ref>http://www.chinalanguage.com/dictionaries/ccdict/?action=view&query=821F&encoding=text&mode=english</ref> "eight"<ref>http://www.chinalanguage.com/dictionaries/ccdict/?action=view&query=516B&encoding=text&mode=english</ref> and "mouth/person."<ref>http://www.chinalanguage.com/dictionaries/ccdict/?action=view&query=53E3&encoding=text&mode=english</ref> Noah, his wife, his three sons and their wives totaled eight mouths/people.

== Criticisms ==
Supporters of Noah's ark contend that such a craft was entirely possible for ancients to build and would have been very seaworthy whereas the [[Epic of Gilgamesh]]'s ark was not seaworthy. <ref>http://www.worldwideflood.com/objections/ancients_incapable.htm</ref><ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/home/area/faq/noah.asp</ref><ref>http://www.users.bigpond.com/rdoolan/arksize.html</ref><ref>http://christian-thinktank.com/bigark.html</ref> The nautical engineering firm Shearer and Associates wrote regarding the ark that it would have been structurally sound and would have had sufficient stability and buoyancy for the cargo carried. <ref>http://www.asknoah.org/html/arkdesign.html</ref>

Objections to Noah's Ark include the following:
* a lack of room for all the animals, usually on the basis of the biblical reference to ''kinds'' being the same as ''species''. Supporters of the account reject that ''kinds'' is to be equated with ''species'', so use a much lower number.
* The difficulty of the eight humans on board to care for all the creatures on board.
* The difficulty some animals would have getting unaided to or from the ark, especially those adapted to a specific habitat.

Young Earth Creationists have written a number of responses to such criticisms, such as John Woodmorappe's ''Noah's Ark: A Feasibility Study''<ref>http://www.rae.org/noah.html</ref> which argues that ''kinds'' is not to be equated with ''species'', and that there would therefore be a much smaller number of creatures on the ark, and that there are ways that the humans on board could have cared for all the creatures on board. Creationary geologists have also pointed out that much of the Earth's geology is sedimentary (water-laid) rocks, as one would expect from a global flood.

== See also ==
* [[Post-Diluvian Diasporas]]

== External links ==
* [http://creationontheweb.com/content/view/204 Modeling the size of Noah’s Ark] ''Creation'' 21(1):6, December 1998.

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

[[Category:Bible]]
[[Category:Ships]]

Thine Eyes: A Witness to the March for Life

2011-08-16T00:29:31Z

JohnA7: Wikify

"'''Thine Eyes: A Witness to the March for Life'''" is a [[documentary]] film about the [[March for Life]], created during the 2008 [[event]]. It was created by [[Steve Sanborn]] because the [[lamestream media]]'s coverage of the event was lacking, and excessive news coverage was being given to [[anti-life]] counter-rallies.

==Website==
[http://www.thineeyes.org/ http://www.thineeyes.org/]

Thine Eyes

2011-08-16T00:28:13Z

JohnA7: Redirected page to Thine Eyes: A Witness to the March for Life

#REDIRECT [[Thine Eyes: A Witness to the March for Life]]

March for Life

2011-08-16T00:27:20Z

JohnA7: See Also

[[File:March for Life 2010 Mall Capitol.jpg|right|300px]]
The '''March for Life''' is the largest and longest annual gathering in the history of the [[United States]]. About 400,000 (and growing) gather annually in [[Washington, D.C.]] in support of life and against [[abortion]].<ref>http://www.marchforlife.org/</ref> The March for Life began in 1974, on the first anniversary of ''[[Roe v. Wade]]'' (1973).<ref>If the anniversary falls on a weekend, then the next day that Congress is in session is used instead.</ref> In addition, over 100,000 gather around the nation in various cities. '''''The next March for Life will be on January 23, 2012'''''. (The March is on May 12th in Canada each year.)

Founded by Miss [[Nellie Gray]], who has led it ever since, she also has a non-profit organization by the same name which provides educational workshops typically the day before the [[March]]. Many organizations and groups from across the nation attend the March for Life. For example, [[Conservapedia]] has led increasing numbers to the March for Life each year beginning in 2009, and led more than a hundred participants on the very cold day of Jan. 24, 2011.

The influence of the March for Life is approximately 20 times its attendance, as the average person who attends communicates his participation to 20 others.<ref>Some, such as clergyman, obviously influence far more.</ref> An attendance of 400,000 thereby influences perhaps 8 million persons annually, and during a period of a decade the cumulative overall influence reaches perhaps 40 million persons in a personal way.

The March for Life has grown to participation by about 1 in every 400 Americans from East of the [[Mississippi River]].<ref>The population East of the Mississippi River is estimated to be about 178 million.</ref> Additional people from across the nation and out West also travel to attend the March for Life:

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Year
!Estimated Attendance
|-
|1974
|20,000<ref name="Estimates1">http://www.catholic.org/politics/story.php?id=31298</ref>
|-
|1975
|50,000<ref name="Estimates2">http://www.marchforlife.org/content/view/13/26/</ref>
|-
|1976
|65,000<ref name="Estimates2">http://www.marchforlife.org/content/view/13/26/</ref>
|-
|2000
|100,000<ref name="Estimates2"/>
|-
|2005
|200,000<ref name="Estimates2"/>
|-
|2008
|225,000<ref name="Estimates1"/>
|-
|2009
|300,000
|-
|2010
|400,000
|-
|2010
|400,000<ref>http://www.lifesitenews.com/news/Corrected-400000-march-for-life-in-dc-with-great-joy . The cold weather -- 10 degrees below normal in D.C. and even colder at many points of departure -- caused some to postpone their attendance until 2012.</ref>
|-
|}
[[File:Marchforlife.jpg|center]]

== Photos from 2011 March for Life by ''Conservapedia'' ==

[[File:PhpMGlmDfPM.jpg|200px]] [[File:PhpUImy4EPM.jpg|200px]][[File:Php3sfokfPM.jpg|200px]] [[File:Php9T6BjXPM.jpg|200px]]
 [[File:PhpeokG1ZPM.jpg|200px]] [[File:PhpzD3YBWPM.jpg|200px]] [[File:PhpUrImgrPM.jpg|200px]] [[File:PhpFvUL9cPM.jpg|200px]]

== Photos from 2010 March for Life by ''Conservapedia'' ==

[[File:March for Life 2010 Along Route.JPG|left|300px]]
[[File:March for Life 2010 Mall.jpg|right|300px]]
{{clear}}

== Photos from 2009 March for Life by ''Conservapedia'' ==

[[File:March for Life 2009 Sup Ct.JPG|right|thumb|March for Life 2009 outside [[U.S. Supreme Court]]]]

[[File:March for Life 2009 Mall.JPG|left|300px]]

{{clear}}

==See Also==
*[[Thine Eyes]]

== References ==

<references/>
[[category:United States Politics]]
[[category:abortion]]

Thine Eyes: A Witness to the March for Life

2011-08-16T00:25:51Z

JohnA7: Created page with ""'''Thine Eyes: A Witness to the March for Life'''" is a documentary film about the March for Life, created during the 2008 event. It was created by Steve Sanborn bec..."

"'''Thine Eyes: A Witness to the March for Life'''" is a [[documentary]] film about the [[March for Life]], created during the 2008 event. It was created by [[Steve Sanborn]] because the [[lamestream media]]'s coverage of the event was lacking, and excessive news coverage was being given to [[anti-life]] counter-rallies.

==Website==
[http://www.thineeyes.org/ http://www.thineeyes.org/]

Wash for Life

2011-08-16T00:15:01Z

JohnA7: Created page with "'''Wash for Life''' is a pro-life fundraising event started in 2006 by a group of college students and recent graduates in California. It has grown into a national mo..."

'''Wash for Life''' is a [[pro-life]] fundraising event started in 2006 by a group of [[college]] students and recent graduates in [[California]]. It has grown into a national movement where people all around the nation hold [[car]] washes to raise money for local [[pregnancy]] centers and raise pro-life awareness.

==Website==
[http://www.washforlife.org/ http://www.washforlife.org/]

Collegiate Cultural Foundation

2011-08-14T19:00:08Z

JohnA7: Created page with "The '''Collegiate Cultural Foundation''' is a tax-exempt corporation dedicated to promoting pro-family and pro-life education and activities on college campuses. Thei..."

The '''Collegiate Cultural Foundation''' is a tax-exempt corporation dedicated to promoting pro-[[family]] and [[pro-life]] education and activities on [[college]] campuses. Their principal program is the [[Love and Fidelity Network]], helping college students with marriage, family, and faithful love.

==External Links==
*[http://www.collegiatecultural.org/ Collegiate Cultural Foundation, Inc.]
*[http://www.loveandfidelity.org/ Love and Fidelity Network]

LifeTree

2011-08-14T18:48:35Z

JohnA7: Created page with "'''LifeTree, Inc.''' is a pro-life Christian educational ministry and charitable organization. Their main initiative is a physical LifeTree, a 23 foot tall st..."

'''LifeTree, Inc.''' is a [[pro-life]] [[Christian]] educational ministry and [[charity|charitable organization]]. Their main initiative is a physical LifeTree, a 23 foot tall structure that holds over 4,000 pairs of baby booties, representing the almost 4,000 lives lost to [[abortion]] each day. The LifeTree was dedicated during a 1998 [[March for Life]] in Raleigh, NC, and has since traveled around the region to help spread the pro-life message.

==Website==
[http://www.lifetree.org/index.html http://www.lifetree.org/index.html]

Heartbeat International

2011-08-14T18:27:51Z

JohnA7: Created page with "'''Heartbeat International''' is an anti-abortion and pregnancy help group, as well as a charitable organization. It was founded in 1971 based on Christian pr..."

'''Heartbeat International''' is an [[anti-abortion]] and pregnancy help group, as well as a [[charity|charitable organization]]. It was founded in 1971 based on [[Christian]] principles and ideals.

==Website==
[http://www.heartbeatinternational.org http://www.heartbeatinternational.org]