Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Hamburger

2008-11-30T12:52:47Z

MaryGeorgina:

A '''hamburger''' (or '''burger''') is a [[fast food]] sandwich invented in and identified with America. There are many variations, but the typical burger comprises with a bun containing a patty of ground, cooked beef. The burger is often typically served with some combination of relish, mustard, ketchup, cheese, lettuce, pickle and potato chips. The bun is usually toasted or warmed. It can be eaten with one hand while driving a car which can cause a car accident. Many hamburgers are [[Healthy eating|unhealthy]].

==Variations==
The hamburger is a convenience food or "fast food", often prepared for informal family and social events. Its meat can be grilled, fried, broiled, microwaved, or steamed. One of its most popular variations, a hamburger served with melted cheese on top, is called a cheeseburger.

Hamburgers are typically served on a [[bread roll|bun]] and may come with a number of toppings and condiments:
*[[Cheese]]
*[[Onion]]
*[[Pickle]]
*[[Lettuce]]
*[[Tomato]]
*[[Mayonnaise]] or ''Special Sauce''
*[[Ketchup]]
*[[Mustard]]
==Restaurant chains that specialize in hamburgers==
*[[McDonalds]]
*[[Burger King]]
*[[Wendy's]]
*[[Jack in the Box]]
*[[Whataburger]]
*[[In 'n' Out Burger]]
*[[Sonic]]
*[[White Castle]]

==Origins==
The word "hamburger" refers to the German city of Hamburg, which once enjoyed prosperous commerce with the Baltic Provinces in Russia, where shredded raw meat (now called "steak tartare") was popular. <ref>''The American Heritage Cookbook and Illustrated History of American Eating & Drinking'', Vol. 2, page 492</ref> Around 1900, a popular meal in the United States was "Salisbury steak," cooked, ground steak, which was promoted by a food faddist named Dr. J. H. Salisbury as a cure for innumerable ailments. At some point in the late 19th or early 20th century the modern hamburger, that is cooked patties within a roll, made their first appearance in the United States, although exactly where and when is still debated.

Many cultures over the centuries have cooked finely chopped or ground meats in shapes such as meatballs, patties, or steaks, often flavored with other ingredients. The ''Larousse Gastronomique'', for instance, gives a half-dozen Hungarian, German, and Austrian recipes for what it calls ''Keftedes'', all translated as variations on "hamburgers". <ref>''Larousse Gastronomique'', page 485</ref>

==Standardized fast food==
Tens of thousands of diners and restaurants in the U.S. serve their own version of the hamburger. Standardization was invented by Walter Anderson, who in 1916 in Wichita, Kansas, opened the first of a nationwide chain of White Castle fast food outlets. Anderson trained his staff to cook and serve in exactly the same way, cooking dozens of pre-weighed, pre-shaped burgers at once on a dedicated griddle, and serving them on specially designed buns; the customers paid 5 cents. Ray Kroc (1902-1984) in 1954 bought a California "drive-in burger bar" from Richard and Maurice McDonald. Kroc standardized his product, so that today the McDonald hamburger has meat that weighs 1.6 ounces (45 grams) and measures 3 and 5/8 inches (9.2cm) across; and is garnished with a quarter of an ounce of chopped onion, a teaspoon of mustard, a tablespoon of ketchup and a pickle slice one inch in diameter. The Big Mac is likewise standardized with two patties and a sauce. Customers have limited choices, but are typically served in less than 90 seconds. The local franchiser, who spent millions to buy the outlet, has little control over the menu, and must purchase supplies from the corporation, and pay it a royalty fee as a percent of sales.

In the 1960s the McDonald’s Corporation turned the burger into the Model T of fast food. The hamburger played an important role in America’s transformation into a mobile, suburban culture, and in the 21st century, despite strong competition from pizza and tacos, it remains America’s favorite sandwich. By 1985 McDonald's was selling 5 billion burgers a year (and stopped updating the count on its distinctive yellow arches.) Over 31,000 McDonald outlets operate in 118 countries, with slightly different menus according to local tastes.<ref> Catherine Schnaubelt, "Global Arches: A Cultural Look at McDonald’s Franchises in Central Europe" [http://murphylibrary.uwlax.edu/digital/jur/2002/schnaubelt.pdf online]</ref>

By 2008 sales reached $22 billion a year, with most corporate profits coming from overseas units. Revenue to the central corporation grew 3% in the U.S. to $1.9 billion in the first three months of 2008 (plus much more to local franchisers), while profit climbed 5% to $682.5 million. European revenue climbed 23% to nearly $2.4 billion while, quarterly revenue in Asia, the Middle East and Africa grew 24% to about $1 billion.<ref> McDonald's owns most of its overseas outlets, but franchisers own most of the American outlets, and the corporation only counts the revenue it receives from franchisers. Total sales are therefore much higher than $8 billion in the U.S.</ref>
==Cultural impact==
But Americans have mixed feelings about it: is it a robust, succulent spheroid of fresh ground beef, the birthright of red-blooded citizens, providing good jobs for teenagers and a boost to the national economy? or is the Big Mac, mass-produced to industrial specifications and served as junk food by wage slaves to an obese population? Is it cooking or commodity? An icon of freedom or the quintessence of conformity?<ref> Josh Ozersky, ''The Hamburger: A History'' (2008), </ref>

Along with [[Coca-Cola]], the hamburger was once disdainfully regarded by many Europeans as the epitome of low cultural taste. With the advent of mass marketing from imitators of McDonald's such as Burger King, however, hamburgers have now spread around the world and, with variations, are consumed in every culture. Indeed the ''Economist'' magazine uses the price of a Big Mac to compare the price levels of different economies because it is the single most nearly standardized product in most countries around the globe.

Ritzer (2000) argues that McDonald's has succeeded so well because it offers consumers, workers, and managers a maximum degree of efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control through non-human technology. These factors comprise a rational system, as first proposed by the German sociologist [[Max Weber]]. As with Weber's "iron cage of rationality," there is also a negative side to McDonaldization. Ritzer labels this "the irrationality of rationality", meaning that a rational system can produce a hail of irrational effects, from environmental damage to dehumanization of the workplace.<ref> (Ritzer, 2000, pp. 16-18</ref> Watson (2006) points out that East Asian patrons often transform their neighborhood McDonald's into a local institution similar to a leisure center or a youth club.

==Bibliography==
* Debres, Karen. "Burgers for Britain: A Cultural Geography of McDonald's UK," ''Journal of Cultural Geography,'' Vol. 22, 2005 [http://www.questia.com/read/5011334315?title=Burgers%20for%20Britain%3a%20A%20Cultural%20Geography%20of%20McDonald's%20UK online edition]
* Gross, Daniel. "Ray Kroc, McDonald's, and the Fast Food Industry," in ''Forbes Greatest Business Stories of All Time'' (1999) pp 177-92 [http://www.wiley.com/legacy/products/subject/business/forbes/kroc.pdf online version]
* Kroc, Ray. ''Grinding It Out: The Making Of McDonald's'' (1992) [http://www.amazon.com/Grinding-Out-Mcdonalds-Ray-Kroc/dp/0312929870/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1209378488&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Love, John F. ''McDonald's: Behind The Arches'' (1995) [http://www.amazon.com/McDonalds-Behind-John-F-Love/dp/0553347594/ref=sr_1_3?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1209378488&sr=8-3 excerpt and text search]
* Ozersky, Josh. ''The Hamburger: A History'' (Yale University Press: 2008), 160pp [http://www.amazon.com/Hamburger-History-Icons-America/dp/0300117582/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1226971694&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Ritzer, George. ''The McDonaldization of Society'' (2000), 278pp
* Ritzer, George. ''McDonaldization: The Reader'' (2006) [http://www.amazon.com/McDonaldization-Reader-George-Ritzer/dp/1412926009/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1209415819&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]
* Royle, Tony. ''Working for Mcdonald's in Europe: The Unequal Struggle?'' (2000) [http://www.questia.com/read/107936527?title=Working%20for%20Mcdonald's%20in%20Europe%3a%20%20The%20Unequal%20Struggle%3f online edition]
* Watson, James. ''Golden Arches East: McDonald's in East Asia,'' (2nd ed. 2006) [http://www.amazon.com/Golden-Arches-East-McDonalds-Second/dp/0804749892/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1209415922&sr=8-1 excerpt and text search]

====notes====
<references/>
[[Category:Meat]]
[[Category:Fast Foods]]

Healthy eating

2008-11-30T12:51:40Z

MaryGeorgina:

Sweet donuts are unhealthy because the sugar in them causes obesity as does the fat particularly in fried donuts. Savoury donuts are healthy in moderation but they can contain too much fat especially if they are fried. Other products like sweets and toffees are much more harmful. The body of a Christian is the temple of the Holy Spirit. (1 Cor. 6:19-20) We should strive to eat healthily. Any numbers of manufacturers produce tasty and unhealthy foods. They employ high pressure advertising to encourage adults and children to eat unhealthily. Christian Republicans are slow to condemn such sinful behavior because large manufacturers of unhealthy foods give generous donations to the Republican Party.

There are problems with [[Hamburger]]s and other products as well.

Table sugar

2008-11-30T12:50:41Z

MaryGeorgina:

'''Sugar''' is a sweet ingredient added to foods such as cookies, cakes, and pastries. Sugar comes from beets or sugarcane and is generally grown in tropical environments. Sugar plays an important role in the commerce of many countries, including [[Jamaica]], [[Guatemala]], and [[Bolivia]].

Sugar is sweet because it contains sucrose, which is a [[solid]] white saccharide that alters the [[flavor]] of foods. Sucrose is a [[carbohydrate]]<ref>[http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/what-should-you-eat/carbohydrates-full-story/index.html Carbohydrates]</ref>. When digested, sugar provides approximately 4 calories per gram.<ref>[http://whatscookingamerica.net/Sugar.htm Sugar, The Natural Sweetener]</ref>

When consumed in large quantities, sugar is [[Healthy eating|unhealthy]], may lead to [[tooth decay]], [[obesity]], or [[diabetes]]. Many processed food products such as [[Twinkies]], children's breakfast cereals, and candy bars contain large amounts of sugar.

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Food and Drink]]

Table sugar

2008-11-30T12:50:26Z

MaryGeorgina:

'''Sugar''' is a sweet ingredient added to foods such as cookies, cakes, and pastries. Sugar comes from beets or sugarcane and is generally grown in tropical environments. Sugar plays an important role in the commerce of many countries, including [[Jamaica]], [[Guatemala]], and [[Bolivia]].

Sugar is sweet because it contains sucrose, which is a [[solid]] white saccharide that alters the [[flavor]] of foods. Sucrose is a [[carbohydrate]]<ref>[http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/what-should-you-eat/carbohydrates-full-story/index.html Carbohydrates]</ref>. When digested, sugar provides approximately 4 calories per gram.<ref>[http://whatscookingamerica.net/Sugar.htm Sugar, The Natural Sweetener]</ref>

When consumed in large quantities, sugar is [[Healthy eating|unmhealthy]], may lead to [[tooth decay]], [[obesity]], or [[diabetes]]. Many processed food products such as [[Twinkies]], children's breakfast cereals, and candy bars contain large amounts of sugar.

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Food and Drink]]

Bagel

2008-11-30T12:49:32Z

MaryGeorgina: /* healthy eating */

==History==
'''Bagels''' are a type of [[yeast]]-risen roll originating in [[Europe]]. They are most closely associated with [[European Jewish]] cuisine. There are many stories regarding the origin of bagels, but they probably originated in the late 17th century in [[Poland]] or [[Austria]], and spread to other parts of Eastern Europe. As [[Ashkenazi Jews]] immigrated to the [[U.S.]], they brought many food items with them, including the bagel. It has since become a very popular American food item.

==Definition==
A bagel is always round, with a hole in the middle. The dough is risen, then boiled, then baked, giving its unique texture. In [[New York]], bagel stores were originally strictly unionized, and a bagel was very specifically defined as to weight and content. Since that time, the definition of bagel has [[liberal]]ized significantly.
There are large regional differences in American bagels, despite the proliferation of chain stores.

==Uses==
In the U.S., the bagel is most typically a breakfast food, but is eaten at any time of day. It is classically served with [[cream cheese]], and various types of smoked [[fish]] are often added.
Common types of bagel include:
*Plain
*[[Poppyseed]]
*[[Sesame Seed]]
*[[Salt]]
*[[Raisin]]

==healthy eating==
Bagels are [[Healthy eating|healthy]] in moderation but they can contain too much fat especially if they are fried. Other products like sweets and toffees and sweet [[donut]]s are much more harmful.

[[Category:Baked Goods]]

Healthy eating

2008-11-30T12:48:29Z

MaryGeorgina: I don't know whhy TK whoever he is reverted that. It's consistent with Christian teaching.

Donut

2008-11-30T12:47:35Z

MaryGeorgina:

[[Image:Mmmsprinkles.jpg|right|100px|thumb|A [[toroid]]al donut, with a [[chocolate]] frosting.]]
'''Donuts''' (or doughnuts) are [[pastry|pastries]] (usually fried), sometimes coated with sugar, glaze, or frosting. Their shape is either [[toroid]]al (doughnut-shaped), rounded (a 'filled doughnut') or elongated (a cruller). Today they typically have a hole in the center of them, which ensures even cooking, however originally, donuts did ''not'' have holes.<ref>http://www.takeourword.com/TOW158/page2.html</ref>

==Raised donuts==
A raised donut is one made from a yeast dough. Once the dough is rolled and cut , the donuts are placed in a proofer, which helps the yeast dough rise in a high humidity and temperature of around 110 degrees farenheight. Once the dough has risen, the donuts must be fried fairly quickly. The hole in the center of the donut allows for more even cooking when fried. The hole also causes the donut to aborb more fat so it becomes even more [[Healthy eating|unhealthy]].
Raised donuts can be baked but it takes much longer.

==Cake donuts==
A cake donut is made from a batter, and dropped into the hot fryer from a dispenser which has a shaped form to make the required shape. The shape of the nozzle determines if the donut is a donut ball, ring donut, french donut or crueller. The dough can also be used from a pastry bag or even a small pitcher for making sticks or cakes.

Cake donuts are sugared when warm , or frosted after they have cooled slightly. The slight amount of hot oil on the surface helps the sugar stick.

==Frying==
Donuts are fried at a temperature of around 325 F and it typically takes less than a minute per side. The dough or batter will absorb very little oil during the frying process. Too low a temperature and the dough doesn't seal and the donut will absorb oil like a sponge.

Frying of raised donuts is done on a mesh screen which is placed into the fryer and used to remove them when done. The donuts are turned manually with a small wooden stick, somewhat like a drumstick.

Fully automatic lines are available for frying very large uantities of donuts. There is also a small machine for making cake donuts , often seen at county fairs.

==Types==
Donuts are grouped into four different categories, depending on their composition and the manner in which they are cooked. These are a few examples of how donuts are properly categorized.<ref>http://www.timhortons.com/en/menu/menu_info.html</ref> Tim-Bits, or donut holes, are categorized in much the same way as the standard donut. Donuts can be unadorned, or coated with unbelievably delicious and delectable [[chocolate]] frosting. Other frosting choices include [[maple]], powdered [[sugar]], and [[sprinkles]].
;'''Yeast Donuts'''
:ring donut
:bismark (the classic filled donut)
:longjohn (can be filled or simply frosted)
:Apple Fritter (A Tim Horton's Original)
:Dutchie
:Chocolate Dip
:Honey Dip
:French Cruller (Though the rising agent is egg.)
;'''Cake Donuts'''
:Old Fashion
:Chocolate
:[[Sour Cream Doughnut|Sour Cream]]
;'''Filled Donuts'''
:[[Berliner Pfannkuchen]]
:Blueberry
:Strawberry
:Boston Creme
:Canadian Maple
;'''Other'''
:Honey Cruller
:Walnut Crunch

==See also==
*[[Bagel]]s
*[[Pastry]]

==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Baked Goods]]

Donut

2008-11-29T13:51:52Z

MaryGeorgina: /* Healthy eating */

[[Image:Mmmsprinkles.jpg|right|100px|thumb|A [[toroid]]al donut, with a [[chocolate]] frosting.]]
'''Donuts''' (or doughnuts) are pastries (usually fried), sometimes coated with sugar, glaze, or frosting. Their shape is either [[toroid]]al (doughnut-shaped), rounded (a 'filled doughnut') or elongated (a cruller). Today they typically have a hole in the center of them, however originally, donuts did ''not'' have holes.<ref>http://www.takeourword.com/TOW158/page2.html</ref>

==Raised donuts==
A raised donut is one made from a yeast dough. Once the dough is rolled and cut , the donuts are placed in a proofer, which helps the yeast dough rise in a high humidity and temperature of around 110 degrees farenheight. Once the dough has risen , the donuts must be fried fairly quickly. The hole in the center of the donut allows for more even cooking when fried. Raised donuts can be baked but it takes much longer.

==Cake donuts==
A cake donut is made from a batter, and dropped into the hot fryer from a dispenser which has a shaped form to make the required shape. The shape of the nozzle determines if the donut is a donut ball, ring donut, french donut or crueller. The dough can also be used from a pastry bag or even a small pitcher for making sticks or cakes.

Cake donuts are sugared when warm , or frosted after they have cooled slightly. The slight amount of hot oil on the surface helps the sugar stick.

==Frying==
Donuts are fried at a temperature of around 325 F and it typically takes less than a minute per side. The dough or batter will absorb very little oil during the frying process. Too low a temperature and the dough doesn't seal and the donut will absorb oil like a sponge.

Frying of raised donuts is done on a mesh screen which is placed into the fryer and used to remove them when done. The donuts are turned manually with a small wooden stick, somewhat like a drumstick.

Fully automatic lines are available for frying very large uantities of donuts. There is also a small machine for making cake donuts , often seen at county fairs.

==Types==
Donuts are grouped into four different categories, depending on their composition and the manner in which they are cooked. These are a few examples of how donuts are properly categorized.<ref>http://www.timhortons.com/en/menu/menu_info.html</ref> Tim-Bits, or donut holes, are categorized in much the same way as the standard donut. Donuts can be unadorned, or coated with unbelievably delicious and delectable [[chocolate]] frosting. Other frosting choices include [[maple]], powdered [[sugar]], and [[sprinkles]].
;'''Yeast Donuts'''
:ring donut
:bismark (the classic filled donut)
:longjohn (can be filled or simply frosted)
:Apple Fritter (A Tim Horton's Original)
:Dutchie
:Chocolate Dip
:Honey Dip
:French Cruller (Though the rising agent is egg.)
;'''Cake Donuts'''
:Old Fashion
:Chocolate
:[[Sour Cream Doughnut|Sour Cream]]
;'''Filled Donuts'''
:[[Berliner Pfannkuchen]]
:Blueberry
:Strawberry
:Boston Creme
:Canadian Maple
;'''Other'''
:Honey Cruller
:Walnut Crunch

==Healthy eating==
Sweet donuts are unhealthy because the sugar in them causes obesity as does the fat particularly in fried donuts. Savoury donuts are healthy in moderation but they can contain too much fat especially if they are fried. Other products like sweets and toffees are much more harmful. The body of a Christian is the temple of the Holy Spirit. (1 Cor. 6:19-20) We should strive to eat healthily. Any numbers of manufacturers produce tasty and unhealthy foods. They employ high pressure advertising to encourage adults and children to eat unhealthily. Christian Republicans are slow to condemn such sinful behavior because large manufacturers of unhealthy foods give generous donations to the Republican Party.

==See also==
*[[Bagel]]s
*[[Pastry]]

==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Baked Goods]]

User:MaryGeorgina

2008-11-29T12:16:36Z

MaryGeorgina: New page: This could be a good wiki.

This could be a good wiki.

Donut

2008-11-29T12:15:17Z

MaryGeorgina: /* Healthy eating */

[[Image:Mmmsprinkles.jpg|right|100px|thumb|A [[toroid]]al donut, with a [[chocolate]] frosting.]]
'''Donuts''' (or doughnuts) are pastries (usually fried), sometimes coated with sugar, glaze, or frosting. Their shape is either [[toroid]]al (doughnut-shaped), rounded (a 'filled doughnut') or elongated (a cruller). Today they typically have a hole in the center of them, however originally, donuts did ''not'' have holes.<ref>http://www.takeourword.com/TOW158/page2.html</ref>

==Raised donuts==
A raised donut is one made from a yeast dough. Once the dough is rolled and cut , the donuts are placed in a proofer, which helps the yeast dough rise in a high humidity and temperature of around 110 degrees farenheight. Once the dough has risen , the donuts must be fried fairly quickly. The hole in the center of the donut allows for more even cooking when fried. Raised donuts can be baked but it takes much longer.

==Cake donuts==
A cake donut is made from a batter, and dropped into the hot fryer from a dispenser which has a shaped form to make the required shape. The shape of the nozzle determines if the donut is a donut ball, ring donut, french donut or crueller. The dough can also be used from a pastry bag or even a small pitcher for making sticks or cakes.

Cake donuts are sugared when warm , or frosted after they have cooled slightly. The slight amount of hot oil on the surface helps the sugar stick.

==Frying==
Donuts are fried at a temperature of around 325 F and it typically takes less than a minute per side. The dough or batter will absorb very little oil during the frying process. Too low a temperature and the dough doesn't seal and the donut will absorb oil like a sponge.

Frying of raised donuts is done on a mesh screen which is placed into the fryer and used to remove them when done. The donuts are turned manually with a small wooden stick, somewhat like a drumstick.

Fully automatic lines are available for frying very large uantities of donuts. There is also a small machine for making cake donuts , often seen at county fairs.

==Types==
Donuts are grouped into four different categories, depending on their composition and the manner in which they are cooked. These are a few examples of how donuts are properly categorized.<ref>http://www.timhortons.com/en/menu/menu_info.html</ref> Tim-Bits, or donut holes, are categorized in much the same way as the standard donut. Donuts can be unadorned, or coated with unbelievably delicious and delectable [[chocolate]] frosting. Other frosting choices include [[maple]], powdered [[sugar]], and [[sprinkles]].
;'''Yeast Donuts'''
:ring donut
:bismark (the classic filled donut)
:longjohn (can be filled or simply frosted)
:Apple Fritter (A Tim Horton's Original)
:Dutchie
:Chocolate Dip
:Honey Dip
:French Cruller (Though the rising agent is egg.)
;'''Cake Donuts'''
:Old Fashion
:Chocolate
:[[Sour Cream Doughnut|Sour Cream]]
;'''Filled Donuts'''
:[[Berliner Pfannkuchen]]
:Blueberry
:Strawberry
:Boston Creme
:Canadian Maple
;'''Other'''
:Honey Cruller
:Walnut Crunch

==Healthy eating==
Sweet donuts are unhealthy because the sugar in them causes [[obesity]] as does the fat particularly in fried donuts. Savoury donuts are healthy in moderation but they can contain too much fat especially if they are fried. Other products like sweets and toffees are much more harmful. The body of a Christian is the temple of the Holy Spirit. (1 Cor. 6:19-20) We should strive to eat healthily.

==See also==
*[[Bagel]]s
*[[Pastry]]

==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Baked Goods]]

Bagel

2008-11-29T12:14:24Z

MaryGeorgina:

==History==
'''Bagels''' are a type of [[yeast]]-risen roll originating in [[Europe]]. They are most closely associated with [[European Jewish]] cuisine. There are many stories regarding the origin of bagels, but they probably originated in the late 17th century in [[Poland]] or [[Austria]], and spread to other parts of Eastern Europe. As [[Ashkenazi Jews]] immigrated to the [[U.S.]], they brought many food items with them, including the bagel. It has since become a very popular American food item.

==Definition==
A bagel is always round, with a hole in the middle. The dough is risen, then boiled, then baked, giving its unique texture. In [[New York]], bagel stores were originally strictly unionized, and a bagel was very specifically defined as to weight and content. Since that time, the definition of bagel has [[liberal]]ized significantly.
There are large regional differences in American bagels, despite the proliferation of chain stores.

==Uses==
In the U.S., the bagel is most typically a breakfast food, but is eaten at any time of day. It is classically served with [[cream cheese]], and various types of smoked [[fish]] are often added.
Common types of bagel include:
*Plain
*[[Poppyseed]]
*[[Sesame Seed]]
*[[Salt]]
*[[Raisin]]

==healthy eating==
Bagels are healthy in moderation but they can contain too much fat especially if they are fried. Other products like sweets and toffees and sweet [[donut]]s are much more harmful.

[[Category:Baked Goods]]

Donut

2008-11-29T12:12:00Z

MaryGeorgina: /* See also */

[[Image:Mmmsprinkles.jpg|right|100px|thumb|A [[toroid]]al donut, with a [[chocolate]] frosting.]]
'''Donuts''' (or doughnuts) are pastries (usually fried), sometimes coated with sugar, glaze, or frosting. Their shape is either [[toroid]]al (doughnut-shaped), rounded (a 'filled doughnut') or elongated (a cruller). Today they typically have a hole in the center of them, however originally, donuts did ''not'' have holes.<ref>http://www.takeourword.com/TOW158/page2.html</ref>

==Raised donuts==
A raised donut is one made from a yeast dough. Once the dough is rolled and cut , the donuts are placed in a proofer, which helps the yeast dough rise in a high humidity and temperature of around 110 degrees farenheight. Once the dough has risen , the donuts must be fried fairly quickly. The hole in the center of the donut allows for more even cooking when fried. Raised donuts can be baked but it takes much longer.

==Cake donuts==
A cake donut is made from a batter, and dropped into the hot fryer from a dispenser which has a shaped form to make the required shape. The shape of the nozzle determines if the donut is a donut ball, ring donut, french donut or crueller. The dough can also be used from a pastry bag or even a small pitcher for making sticks or cakes.

Cake donuts are sugared when warm , or frosted after they have cooled slightly. The slight amount of hot oil on the surface helps the sugar stick.

==Frying==
Donuts are fried at a temperature of around 325 F and it typically takes less than a minute per side. The dough or batter will absorb very little oil during the frying process. Too low a temperature and the dough doesn't seal and the donut will absorb oil like a sponge.

Frying of raised donuts is done on a mesh screen which is placed into the fryer and used to remove them when done. The donuts are turned manually with a small wooden stick, somewhat like a drumstick.

Fully automatic lines are available for frying very large uantities of donuts. There is also a small machine for making cake donuts , often seen at county fairs.

==Types==
Donuts are grouped into four different categories, depending on their composition and the manner in which they are cooked. These are a few examples of how donuts are properly categorized.<ref>http://www.timhortons.com/en/menu/menu_info.html</ref> Tim-Bits, or donut holes, are categorized in much the same way as the standard donut. Donuts can be unadorned, or coated with unbelievably delicious and delectable [[chocolate]] frosting. Other frosting choices include [[maple]], powdered [[sugar]], and [[sprinkles]].
;'''Yeast Donuts'''
:ring donut
:bismark (the classic filled donut)
:longjohn (can be filled or simply frosted)
:Apple Fritter (A Tim Horton's Original)
:Dutchie
:Chocolate Dip
:Honey Dip
:French Cruller (Though the rising agent is egg.)
;'''Cake Donuts'''
:Old Fashion
:Chocolate
:[[Sour Cream Doughnut|Sour Cream]]
;'''Filled Donuts'''
:[[Berliner Pfannkuchen]]
:Blueberry
:Strawberry
:Boston Creme
:Canadian Maple
;'''Other'''
:Honey Cruller
:Walnut Crunch

==Healthy eating==
Sweet donuts are unhealthy because the sugar in them causes obesity as does the fat particularly in fried donuts. Savoury donuts are healthy in moderation but they can contain too much fat especially if they are fried. Other products like sweets and toffees are much more harmful. The body of a Christian is the temple of the Holy Spirit. (1 Cor. 6:19-20) We should strive to eat healthily.

==See also==
*[[Bagel]]s
*[[Pastry]]

==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Baked Goods]]

Donut

2008-11-29T12:11:37Z

MaryGeorgina: /* Healthy eating */

[[Image:Mmmsprinkles.jpg|right|100px|thumb|A [[toroid]]al donut, with a [[chocolate]] frosting.]]
'''Donuts''' (or doughnuts) are pastries (usually fried), sometimes coated with sugar, glaze, or frosting. Their shape is either [[toroid]]al (doughnut-shaped), rounded (a 'filled doughnut') or elongated (a cruller). Today they typically have a hole in the center of them, however originally, donuts did ''not'' have holes.<ref>http://www.takeourword.com/TOW158/page2.html</ref>

==Raised donuts==
A raised donut is one made from a yeast dough. Once the dough is rolled and cut , the donuts are placed in a proofer, which helps the yeast dough rise in a high humidity and temperature of around 110 degrees farenheight. Once the dough has risen , the donuts must be fried fairly quickly. The hole in the center of the donut allows for more even cooking when fried. Raised donuts can be baked but it takes much longer.

==Cake donuts==
A cake donut is made from a batter, and dropped into the hot fryer from a dispenser which has a shaped form to make the required shape. The shape of the nozzle determines if the donut is a donut ball, ring donut, french donut or crueller. The dough can also be used from a pastry bag or even a small pitcher for making sticks or cakes.

Cake donuts are sugared when warm , or frosted after they have cooled slightly. The slight amount of hot oil on the surface helps the sugar stick.

==Frying==
Donuts are fried at a temperature of around 325 F and it typically takes less than a minute per side. The dough or batter will absorb very little oil during the frying process. Too low a temperature and the dough doesn't seal and the donut will absorb oil like a sponge.

Frying of raised donuts is done on a mesh screen which is placed into the fryer and used to remove them when done. The donuts are turned manually with a small wooden stick, somewhat like a drumstick.

Fully automatic lines are available for frying very large uantities of donuts. There is also a small machine for making cake donuts , often seen at county fairs.

==Types==
Donuts are grouped into four different categories, depending on their composition and the manner in which they are cooked. These are a few examples of how donuts are properly categorized.<ref>http://www.timhortons.com/en/menu/menu_info.html</ref> Tim-Bits, or donut holes, are categorized in much the same way as the standard donut. Donuts can be unadorned, or coated with unbelievably delicious and delectable [[chocolate]] frosting. Other frosting choices include [[maple]], powdered [[sugar]], and [[sprinkles]].
;'''Yeast Donuts'''
:ring donut
:bismark (the classic filled donut)
:longjohn (can be filled or simply frosted)
:Apple Fritter (A Tim Horton's Original)
:Dutchie
:Chocolate Dip
:Honey Dip
:French Cruller (Though the rising agent is egg.)
;'''Cake Donuts'''
:Old Fashion
:Chocolate
:[[Sour Cream Doughnut|Sour Cream]]
;'''Filled Donuts'''
:[[Berliner Pfannkuchen]]
:Blueberry
:Strawberry
:Boston Creme
:Canadian Maple
;'''Other'''
:Honey Cruller
:Walnut Crunch

==See also==
*[[Bagel]]s
*[[Pastry]]

==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Baked Goods]]

Donut

2008-11-29T12:11:14Z

MaryGeorgina: /* Frying */ I’ve lost a stone and a half in weight. I need to lose still more to get into the healthy range. Tempting products like donuts don’t help.

[[Image:Mmmsprinkles.jpg|right|100px|thumb|A [[toroid]]al donut, with a [[chocolate]] frosting.]]
'''Donuts''' (or doughnuts) are pastries (usually fried), sometimes coated with sugar, glaze, or frosting. Their shape is either [[toroid]]al (doughnut-shaped), rounded (a 'filled doughnut') or elongated (a cruller). Today they typically have a hole in the center of them, however originally, donuts did ''not'' have holes.<ref>http://www.takeourword.com/TOW158/page2.html</ref>

==Raised donuts==
A raised donut is one made from a yeast dough. Once the dough is rolled and cut , the donuts are placed in a proofer, which helps the yeast dough rise in a high humidity and temperature of around 110 degrees farenheight. Once the dough has risen , the donuts must be fried fairly quickly. The hole in the center of the donut allows for more even cooking when fried. Raised donuts can be baked but it takes much longer.

==Cake donuts==
A cake donut is made from a batter, and dropped into the hot fryer from a dispenser which has a shaped form to make the required shape. The shape of the nozzle determines if the donut is a donut ball, ring donut, french donut or crueller. The dough can also be used from a pastry bag or even a small pitcher for making sticks or cakes.

Cake donuts are sugared when warm , or frosted after they have cooled slightly. The slight amount of hot oil on the surface helps the sugar stick.

==Frying==
Donuts are fried at a temperature of around 325 F and it typically takes less than a minute per side. The dough or batter will absorb very little oil during the frying process. Too low a temperature and the dough doesn't seal and the donut will absorb oil like a sponge.

Frying of raised donuts is done on a mesh screen which is placed into the fryer and used to remove them when done. The donuts are turned manually with a small wooden stick, somewhat like a drumstick.

Fully automatic lines are available for frying very large uantities of donuts. There is also a small machine for making cake donuts , often seen at county fairs.

==Healthy eating==
Sweet donuts are unhealthy because the sugar in them causes obesity as does the fat particularly in fried donuts. Savoury donuts are healthy in moderation but they can contain too much fat especially if they are fried. Other products like sweets and toffees are much more harmful. The body of a Christian is the temple of the Holy Spirit. (1 Cor. 6:19-20) We should strive to eat healthily.

==Types==
Donuts are grouped into four different categories, depending on their composition and the manner in which they are cooked. These are a few examples of how donuts are properly categorized.<ref>http://www.timhortons.com/en/menu/menu_info.html</ref> Tim-Bits, or donut holes, are categorized in much the same way as the standard donut. Donuts can be unadorned, or coated with unbelievably delicious and delectable [[chocolate]] frosting. Other frosting choices include [[maple]], powdered [[sugar]], and [[sprinkles]].
;'''Yeast Donuts'''
:ring donut
:bismark (the classic filled donut)
:longjohn (can be filled or simply frosted)
:Apple Fritter (A Tim Horton's Original)
:Dutchie
:Chocolate Dip
:Honey Dip
:French Cruller (Though the rising agent is egg.)
;'''Cake Donuts'''
:Old Fashion
:Chocolate
:[[Sour Cream Doughnut|Sour Cream]]
;'''Filled Donuts'''
:[[Berliner Pfannkuchen]]
:Blueberry
:Strawberry
:Boston Creme
:Canadian Maple
;'''Other'''
:Honey Cruller
:Walnut Crunch

==See also==
*[[Bagel]]s
*[[Pastry]]

==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Baked Goods]]