Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Brown University

2012-12-04T23:57:38Z

N: Alumnus Joe Paterno is no longer the current head coach at Penn State, since he is dead. Also added a wikilink.

{{University
|name=Brown University
|image=Brown Coat of Arms.png
|text=#C41E3A
|background=#321414
|type=Private
|city=Providence, Rhode Island
|sports=baseball, basketball, crew, cross country, equestrian, fencing, field hockey, football, golf, gymnastics, ice hockey, lacrosse, skiing, soccer, softball, squash, swim/dive, tennis, track/field, volleyball<ref>http://brownbears.cstv.com/</ref>
|colors=brown, red, white
|degrees=Bachelor's, Master's, Doctoral<ref>{{cite web|work=College Board|format=HTML|language=English|accessdate=May 28, 2010|title=College Search - Brown University - At a Glance|url=http://collegesearch.collegeboard.com/search/CollegeDetail.jsp?collegeId=3746}}</ref>
|mascot=Brown Bears
|endowment=$2.5 billion<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nacubo.org/Documents/research/2011NCSEPublicTablesEndowmentMarketValues319.pdf|title=2011 NACUBO-Commonfund Study of Endowments|accessdate=November 20, 2012}}</ref>
|website=http://www.brown.edu/
}}
'''Brown University''' is an [[American]] university located in Providence, [[Rhode Island]]. It is one of the most [[liberal]] members of the [[Ivy League]], with pervasive pass-fail grading and the unlimited ability to drop a class without penalty at almost any time during the course. The school featured a student prostitution ring in the 1980s and a [[Title IX]] lawsuit in the 1990s.

Brown was founded in 1764, making it the 7th oldest university in the United States. The University motto is ''In Deo Speramus'', which means "In God We Hope" or "In God is our Hope." The current President of Brown is Ruth J. Simmons; it has 628 full-time faculty members and 7,595 students.

==History==
Brown was founded by [[Ezra Stiles]], a [[Congregationalism|Congregationalist]] minister, and [[James Manning]], a [[Baptist]] minister; it was originally known as Rhode Island College. It charter was granted on March 3, 1764; among the sixty-odd signatories were the wealthy brothers John and Nicholas Brown, and the College was located in Warren, Rhode Island. The charter specified that "into this liberal and catholic institution shall never be admitted any religious tests, but on the contrary, all the members hereof shall forever enjoy full, free, absolute, and uninterrupted liberty of conscience", and as such was considered liberal and nonsectarian. Brown and [[University of Pennsylvania|Penn]] both have claims to be considered the first nonsectarian institution of higher learning in the United States.

The College moved to Providence in 1770, and in 1804 was renamed Brown University in honor of Nicholas Brown, a nephew of John Brown, who had given a bequest of $5,000. The Brown family, as was typical at the time, participated in the slave trade. According to a Brown University report, "slavery was... an institution that permeated every aspect of social and economic life in Rhode Island, the Americas, and indeed the Atlantic World. There is no question that many of the assets that underwrote the University’s creation and growth derived, directly and indirectly, from slavery and the slave trade.... By the standards of Rhode Island’s mercantile elite, the Browns were not major slave traders, but they were not strangers to the business either."<ref>[http://www.brown.edu/Research/Slavery_Justice/report/index.html Slavery and Justice Report], Brown University Steering Committee on Slavery and Justice; "many of the assets," p. 13. "not strangers to the business," p. 15</ref>

The 1836-7 Brown catalog lists the names of the entire student body: 43 freshman, 60 sophomores, 45 juniors, and 41 seniors. Candidates for admission were required, among other things, to
:bring satisfactory evidence of unexceptionable moral character, and be thoroughly acquainted with the Grammar of the Latin and Greek languages, be able to construe and parse... the Historical Books of the New Testament, or three Books of Xenophon's Cyropædia, and translate English into Latin correctly.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?vid=00Dr0QOabAjYypfexv&id=4xEWeUleibIC&pg=PA4&lpg=PA4&dq=%22brown+university%22&as_brr=1#PPA13,M1 The Catalogue of Brown University], 1836-7</ref>

Brown did not admit women until 1891, when a women's college named Pembroke College was founded. Brown became coeducational in 1971 when the undergraduate school merged with Pembroke College.

Brown had "compulsory chapel"—a requirement that students attend Sunday services—from its founding until 1872.<ref>[http://www.brown.edu/Administration/News_Bureau/Databases/Encyclopedia/search.php?serial=C0330 Chapel], from ''Encyclopedia Brunoniana.''</ref> After 1872 services were, of course, still conducted and students encouraged to attend them. At some point, services again became mandatory (although not strictly enforced) until the requirement was finally abolished in 1959. A 1904 book of student verse includes a lament by one C. S. Mitchell entitled "Chapel Bell" which parodied [[Edgar Allen Poe|Poe]]'s ''The Bells:''
:Hark! the bell—brazen bell 
:What a world of agony its clanging notes foretell 
:To the slumbrous sleepy student 
:As he bids his rest farewell...<ref>Boone, Ilsley (1904), College Hill Verse: Being Selections from Student Publications of Brown University, 1894-1904, [http://books.google.com/books?vid=0Ov889qyeUnxOVt4ej&id=zufLsuEUEHgC&pg=PA3&lpg=PA3&dq=%22brown+university%22&as_brr=1#PPA4,M1 p. 4]</ref> 

Brown University accepts applications for admission from homeschooled children.<ref>Christian Examiner, Sept. 2007, Vol 25, No 9, Pg. 12</ref>

==Hypertext==
Brown University has been a pioneer in the development of [[HTML|hypertext]]. This technology was championed by Andries van Dam, who founded Brown's computer science department and chaired it from 1975 to 1989<ref>[http://www.cs.brown.edu/people/avd/ Andries van Dam]]'s home page</ref>. The first hypertext editing system, HES, was developed at Brown in 1967 by [[Ted Nelson]] (coiner of the word ''hypertext'') working under van Dam's direction.<ref>[http://www.scholars.nus.edu.sg/cpace/ht/HTatBrown/BrownHT.html Hypertext at Brown]</ref>, short summary by George P. Landow, professor of English and Art History]. Brown's Iris Intermedia project was important and influential; several significant bodies of hypertext developed in that system have since been ported to the Web, notably <ref>[http://www.victorianweb.org/ The Victorian Web]</ref>, an encyclopedic collection of information and source texts about the Victorian era.

==The New Curriculum==

Brown prides itself on its "New Curriculum," first established in 1969, which allows students to take virtually any course they want, with no general distribution requirements. Any course can be taken pass/fail. <ref>http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601103&sid=adp5xdxUBo78</ref> However, the current undergraduate curriculum is currently under review, with recommendations set to be made in the spring of 2008. <ref>http://media.www.browndailyherald.com/media/storage/paper472/news/2007/03/01/CampusNews/New-Task.Force.Will.Review.College-2751247.shtml</ref>

==Controversies==

In 2005, Brown University's Queer Alliance, a pro-[[homosexual lifestyle]] group, threw a raucous party called SexPowerGod in a university building. Although many students were intoxicated, alcohol was not and has historically not been served at SexPowerGod. The event was covered by disguised reporters for [[The O'Reilly Factor]], causing bad publicity for the university. The Queer Alliance was placed on probation for a year and all student groups were hence prohibited from throwing parties in Sayles Hall.<ref>http://media.www.browndailyherald.com/media/storage/paper472/news/2006/04/27/CampusNews/Chaos.And.Management.Failures.Marred.Sex.Power.God-1880141.shtml?norewrite200605012032&sourcedomain=www.browndailyherald.com</ref>

==Notable Brunonians==
* [[John Hay]] (1858), Abraham Lincoln's secretary, later Ambassador to Great Britain and Secretary of State.
* [[Thomas O. Paine]] (A.B., 1942), third administrator of NASA
* [[Donald Carcieri]] (A.B., 1965), conservative Republican businessman and current governor of [[Rhode Island]]
* [[Richard Holbrooke]] (A.B., 1962), U.S. ambassador to the [[United Nations]], 1999-2001
* [[Chuck Colson]] (A.B., 1953), chief counsel to U.S. President [[Richard Nixon]]
* [[John F. Kennedy Jr]]. (A.B., 1983), son of U.S. President [[John F. Kennedy]]
* [[Mary Chapin-Carpenter]] (A.B., 1981), singer-songwriter
* [[Chris Berman]] (A.B., 1977), anchor/announcer at ESPN
* [[Joe Paterno]] (A.B., 1950), head coach for football at [[Penn State]] from 1966 to 2011
* [[Travis Rowley]], author of the book ''Out of Ivy'' which details his experiences as a conservative in a liberal university.
* [[Sidney Frank]], entrepreneur. Dropped out due to financial reasons, but later received an honorary degree. Donated $100 million increase financial aid for low-income students, among other substantial gifts to the University.
* [[Adoniram Judson]], Christian missionary to Burma and one of the first American missionaries to travel overseas
* [[Josiah S. Carberry]], legendary professor of psychoceramics
* [[John Nakatamo]], professor emeritus of organizational psychology

==Notes and references==
<references/>

==External links==
*[http://www.brown.edu/Administration/News_Bureau/Databases/Encyclopedia/ Encyclopedia Brunoniana], good source of information of Brown's history, customs

{{Nb_US_universities|Rhode Island}}

Cornell University

2009-10-23T13:39:14Z

N: Removed claim that only four Ivy League universities accept homeschooled students. See talk page for main Ivy League article.

{{University
|name=Cornell University
|image=
|text=black
|background=#b31b1b
|type=Private
|city=Ithaca, New York
|sports=baseball, basketball, bowling, cross country, equestrian, fencing, field hockey, football, golf, gymnastics, hockey, lacrosse, rifle, rowing, rugby, skiing, soccer, softball, squash, swimming and diving, tennis, track and field, ultimate, volleyball, water polo, wrestling<ref>http://www.cstv.com/teams/corn/</ref>
|colors=carnelian (shade of red), white
|mascot=bear
|website=http://www.cornell.edu/
}}
'''Cornell University''' is a university in Ithaca, New York, founded in 1865 by businessman [[Ezra Cornell]]. It is the youngest member of the [[Ivy League]], the last of eight. Cornell accepts applications from homeschooled children.<ref>Christian Examiner, Sept. 2007, Vol 25, No 9, Pg. 12</ref> Cornell was originally founded as a land grant institution with public funding, but has evolved into essentially a private school (with some special relationships to the State of New York).

Of the Ivy League schools, Cornell is unusual in many ways. Educational historian Frederick Rudolph called Cornell the first "American university." That is, it was the first university on the pattern that many American universities—particularly the land-grant state universities—were to follow: coeducational, nonsectarian, and comprehensive. From the beginning, it was intended to compass far more than the classics and the liberal arts. This is shown by Cornell's motto, “I would found an institution where any person can find instruction in any study," and by the fact that it is the only Ivy League school whose motto is not in Latin.

== See also ==

*[[University of Southern California]]
*[[Ohio State University]]
*[[Ave Maria University]]

==References==

<References/>

{{Nb_US_universities|New York}}
[[Category:United States Universities]]

Harvard University

2009-10-23T13:38:31Z

N: Removed claim that only four Ivy League universities accept homeschooled students. See talk page for main Ivy League article.

{{University
|name=Harvard University
|background=Crimson
|type=Private
|city=Cambridge, Massachusetts
|sports=baseball, basketball, heavyweight crew, lightweight crew, cross country, fencing, field hockey, football, golf, ice hockey, lacrosse, skiing, sailing, soccer, softball, squash, swimming and diving, tennis, track and field, volleyball, water polo, wrestling<ref>http://www.gocrimson.com/</ref>
|colors=Crimson
|mascot=Crimson
|website=http://www.harvard.edu/
}}
[[Image:Harvard u.jpg|left|thumb|300px|Annenberg Hall, the freshman dining facility, (copyright Harvard)]]
'''Harvard University''' is a private university located in [[Cambridge]], [[Massachusetts]]. It ranked #1 in US News's 2009 "National [[University|Universities]]: Top Schools" list,<ref>http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/college/items/2155</ref> and is usually ranked either first or second in most lists of a similar nature.

Founded in 1636 (as Harvard College), it is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States. It was originally founded by [[Congregationalism|Congregationalists]] for the purpose of training [[minister]]s.

Harvard is one of the eight schools in the [[Ivy League]]. Harvard accepts applications from [[homeschooling|homeschooled]] children.<ref>Christian Examiner, Sept. 2007, Vol 25, No 9, Pg. 12</ref>

==History and Mission==

With some 17,000 Puritans migrating to New England by 1620, Harvard was founded by Puritan Calvinists who realized the need for training clergy for the new Bible commonwealth, a "church in the wilderness."

The college received the name ''Harvard'' from Rev. John Harvard, who was was the son of a butcher whose family died when a plague swept England, leaving him an estate. Educated in [[England]], Rev. John Harvard was ordained, married and sailed for Massachusetts where he pastored the First Church of Charlestown. He then tragically died of tuberculosis at the mere age of 31. The College at Cambridge was then renamed in his honor him.

In 1692, the Puritan preacher Increase Mather became President of Harvard. One of his acts was replacing Roman Classics with books by Christian authors in ethics classes, and maintaining a high standard of discipline. Both Harvard College Lawes of 1642 and Harvard College Laws of 1700 testify to its original high level of discipline.<ref>[http://www.peacebyjesus.com/HARVARD_LAWES.HTML Laws and Statutes for Students of Harvard College]</ref> Students were required "to observe rules of pious decorum inconceivable in the nineteenth century, and ultimately to prove their fitness for the bachelor's degree by showing that they could 'read the original of the Old and New Testament into the Latin tongue, and resolve them logically.'"<ref>Cotton Mather, the Puritan priest", by Barrett Wendell</ref>

The school was highly religious in the 1600s. Harvard's Rules & Precepts (Sept. 26, 1642) declared:

:"Let every Student be plainly instructed, and earnestly pressed to consider well, the main end of his life and studies is, to know God and Jesus Christ which is eternal life. John 17:3."

The early motto of Harvard was ''Veritas Christo et Ecclesiae'', meaning "Truth For Christ and the Church." Among its graduates in that century, 50% were ministers. Prior to the Revolution, ten out of twelve of Harvard's presidents were also ministers. In the words of Harvard's founders:

:"After God had carried us safe to New England, and we ... rear'd convenient places for God's worship ... dreading to leave an illiterate Ministry to the Churches, when our present Ministers shall lie in the Dust ... it pleased God to stir up the heart of one Mr. Harvard, a godly gentleman and a lover of learning ... to give the one half of his estate ... towards the erecting of a college and all his Library."

Systematic theological instruction was inaugurated in 1721 and by 1827 Harvard became a nucleus of theological teaching in New England.<ref>http://www.reference.com/browse/Harvard</ref>

The departure of Increase Mather from the presidency in 1701 marked the beginning of a long term struggle between orthodoxy and liberalism. Harvard's first secular president was John Leverett, who began his term in 1708. Leverett left the curriculum largely intact and sought to keep the College independent of the overwhelming influence of any single sect <ref>[http://www.president.harvard.edu/history/07_leverett.php John Leverett - History - Office of the President]</ref>. The takeover of Harvard by the Unitarians in 1805 resulted in the secularization of the American university. Before the mid 1800's, Harvard would become what was basically described as the "Unitarian Vatican." <ref>[http://www.forerunner.com/forerunner/X0100_Christianity_in_U.S..html A Brief History of Christian Influence in U.S. Colleges]</ref>

Radical changes in educational scope and growth were in seen during the 40 year reign of Harvard president Charles W. Eliot (1869-1909).

==Expansion==

Over the years, Harvard has grown to include a number of major schools.<ref>[http://www.harvard.edu/academics/]</ref> They include:
* Arts and Sciences
* Engineering and Applied Sciences
* Harvard Medical School
* Harvard School of Dental Medicine
* Harvard Business School
* Graduate School of Design
* Harvard Divinity School
* Graduate School of Education
* John F. Kennedy School of Government
* Harvard Law School
* Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study
* Harvard School of Public Health

==High grades==

In 2001, Harvard was focused upon as part of a controversy in which high, but allegedly unwarranted, GPA's (Grade Point Averages) were awarded. While in 1940 C-minus was the most common GPA at Harvard, and in 1955 only 15 percent of undergraduates had a GPA of B-plus or higher, in the year 2000, 50% in of all the grades given were As or A-minuses, with just six percent being C-pluses or lower. More than 90 percent of the class of 2001 had earned grade-point averages of B-minus or higher.

Observers point out that entering freshmen typically have straight-A averages in high school, SAT scores near 800 in all fields, and have demonstrated an unusual ability to engage in serious study. The days when Harvard included many "Gentleman C" students there for social activities are long gone.

In a ''Harvard Crimson'' article, noted conservative Harvard professor [[Harvey Mansfield]] contended that "Grade inflation got started … when professors raised the grades of students protesting the war in Vietnam..." "At that time, too, white professors, imbibing the spirit of the new policies of affirmative action, stopped giving low grades to black students, and to justify or conceal this, also stopped giving low grades to white students." The problem was essentially seen as the predominance of the notion of self-esteem, "in which the purpose of education is to make students feel capable and 'empowered,' and professors should hesitate to pass judgment on what students have learned." Such assertions resulted in no small controversy.

Harvard alumnus and author Ross Douthat attributed this problem partly to socioeconomic differences, and noted that "Harvard students are creatively lazy, gifted at working smarter rather than harder", being brilliant largely in their tactics "to achieve a maximal GPA in return for minimal effort." Few people who have taught at Harvard agree with Douthat's notions.<ref>Ross Douthat, "The Truth About Harvard," ''The Atlantic Monthly'' March 2005 ; adapted from his book, ''Privilege: Harvard and the Education of the Ruling Class''</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== See also ==
*[[Yale University]]
*[[University]]
*[[Ohio State University]]
*[[Harvard Law Review]]
{{clear}}

==Notable Attendants==
{|background="none" width="100%" border="1"
|-
!A-F
!G-L
!M-R
!S-Z
|-
|valign="top"|
*[[John Adams]]
*[[Stephen Breyer]]
*[[Fred Brooks]]

|valign="top"|
*[[Alberto R. Gonzales]]
*[[Al Gore]]
*[[Theodore Hall]]
*[[John Hancock]]
*[[John F. Kennedy]]
*[[Charles Krauthammer]]
*[[Bill Kristol]]

|valign="top"|
*[[Barack Obama]]

|valign="top"|
*[[Andrew Schlafly]]

|}

{{Nb_US_universities|Massachusetts}}

Yale University

2009-10-23T13:38:11Z

N: Removed claim that only four Ivy League universities accept homeschooled students. See talk page for main Ivy League article.

{{University
|name=Yale University
|image=
|text=rgb(24,43,85)
|background=
|type=Private
|city=New Haven, Connecticut
|sports=baseball, basketball, crew-heavy, crew-light, cross country, fencing, field hockey, football, golf, gym, ice hockey, lacrosse, sailing, soccer, softball, squash, swimming, track, tennis, volleyball<ref>http://yalebulldogs.cstv.com/</ref>
|colors=blue, white
|mascot=Handsome Dan (bulldog)
|website=http://www.yale.edu/
}}
'''Yale University,''' located in New Haven, [[Connecticut]], is the second oldest university in the United States (after [[Harvard]]). Its endowment of $16 billion is second to Harvard overall (although Princeton has more per student).
==Schools==
There are numerous components, including the undergraduate '''Yale College''' and the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, as well as world famous professional schools of Law, Medicine, Architecture, Art, Divinity, Drama, Engineering & Applied Science, Forestry & Environmental Studies. Management, Music, and Public Health, along with many research centers.
==History==
Yale was heavily oriented toward undergraduates until 1919, when under President Arthur Hadley (1899-1921) and James Angell (1921-37) it moved rapidly to become a full-scale university. It isolated the undergraduates into separate residential "colleges" taught primarily by a separate faculty, while the big-name professors concentrated on research and gradate-level professional training.

Yale College was founded in 1701 to train ministers; after the Civil War it became the first university in the United States to award a Ph. D. degree. The University was given its name to honor benefactor Elihu Yale, who donated a substantial amount of goods for sale and books during the early years of the institution, which was then named the Collegiate School. It is a member of the [[Ivy League]], and, with Harvard and [[Princeton University|Princeton]], part of the group known as the Big Three or HYP, which are associated both with academic excellence and with social prestige.

==Colleges==
The College is also known for its system of twelve residential colleges, as opposed to dormitories. Students are randomly selected for their residential college before their freshman year, and remain in their residential college for the remainder of their time at Yale. Six of the colleges, including Branford, Saybrook, Jonathan Edwards, Berkeley, Calhoun, and Trumbull, serve as excellent examples of the Collegiate Gothic style of architecture, whereas Davenport, Pierson, Timothy Dwight, and Silliman are Georgian. These first ten were designed by [[James Gamble Rogers]], while Morse and Stiles colleges are renowned examples of [[Eero Saarinen]]'s modern style. Although they are intended to be covered in ivy, the concrete-stone amalgam used in their construction repels the vines.
==Alumni==
Yale alumni among U. S. Presidents include both [[George H. W. Bush]] and [[George W. Bush]] (Yale College), as well as [[William Howard Taft]] (Yale College), [[Gerald R. Ford]] (Yale Law School), and [[Bill Clinton]] (Yale Law School).<ref>[http://www.presidentsusa.net/collegelisting.html Colleges and Universities attended by the Presidents].</ref> Secretary of State [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]] attended Yale Law at the same time as her husband-to-be.

A survey of alumni in 2009 indicated that 53% are Democrats, 25% Republicans, and 19% independents.

==Admission==
Yale has a highly competitive undergraduate program, recently admitting as few as 9% of its applicants. The highly prestigious medical and law schools are even harder to get into.

Yale is one of the eight schools in the [[Ivy League]]. Yale accepts applications from homeschooled students.<ref>Christian Examiner, Sept. 2007, Vol 25, No 9, Pg. 12</ref>

Students and alumni were once called "Elis" (after Elihu Yale); they are now "Yalies".

== See also ==
*[[University]]
*[[Harvard University]]
*[[Princeton University]]

==Notes and references==
{{reflist}}

{{Nb_US_universities|Connecticut}}

Brown University

2009-10-23T13:38:01Z

N: spelling

{{University
|name=Brown University
|image=Brown Coat of Arms.png
|text=#C41E3A
|background=#321414
|type=Private
|city=Providence, Rhode Island
|sports=baseball, basketball, crew, cross country, equestrian, fencing, field hockey, football, golf, gymnastics, ice hockey, lacrosse, skiing, soccer, softball, squash, swim/dive, tennis, track/field, volleyball<ref>http://brownbears.cstv.com/</ref>
|colors=brown, red, white
|mascot=Brown Bears
|website=http://www.brown.edu/
}}
'''Brown University''' is an [[American]] university located in Providence, [[Rhode Island]]. It is one of the most [[liberal]] members of the [[Ivy League]], with pervasive pass-fail grading and the unlimited ability to drop a class without penalty at almost any time during the course. The school featured a student prostitution ring in the 1980s and a [[Title IX]] lawsuit in the 1990s.

Brown was founded in 1764, making it the 7th oldest university in the United States. The University motto is ''In Deo Speramus'', which means "In God We Hope" or "In God is our Hope." The current President of Brown is Ruth J. Simmons; it has 628 full-time faculty members and 7,595 students.

==History==
Brown was founded by [[Ezra Stiles]], a [[Congregationalism|Congregationalist]] minister, and [[James Manning]], a [[Baptist]] minister; it was originally known as Rhode Island College. It charter was granted on March 3, 1764; among the sixty-odd signatories were the wealthy brothers John and Nicholas Brown, and the College was located in Warren, Rhode Island. The charter specified that "into this liberal and catholic institution shall never be admitted any religious tests, but on the contrary, all the members hereof shall forever enjoy full, free, absolute, and uninterrupted liberty of conscience", and as such was considered liberal and nonsectarian. Brown and [[University of Pennsylvania|Penn]] both have claims to be considered the first nonsectarian institution of higher learning in the United States.

The College moved to Providence in 1770, and in 1804 was renamed Brown University in honor of Nicholas Brown, a nephew of John Brown, who had given a bequest of $5,000. The Brown family, as was typical at the time, participated in the slave trade. According to a Brown University report, "slavery was... an institution that permeated every aspect of social and economic life in Rhode Island, the Americas, and indeed the Atlantic World. There is no question that many of the assets that underwrote the University’s creation and growth derived, directly and indirectly, from slavery and the slave trade.... By the standards of Rhode Island’s mercantile elite, the Browns were not major slave traders, but they were not strangers to the business either."<ref>[http://www.brown.edu/Research/Slavery_Justice/report/index.html Slavery and Justice Report], Brown University Steering Committee on Slavery and Justice; "many of the assets," p. 13. "not strangers to the business," p. 15</ref>

The 1836-7 Brown catalog lists the names of the entire student body: 43 freshman, 60 sophomores, 45 juniors, and 41 seniors. Candidates for admission were required, among other things, to
:bring satisfactory evidence of unexceptionable moral character, and be thoroughly acquainted with the Grammar of the Latin and Greek languages, be able to construe and parse... the Historical Books of the New Testament, or three Books of Xenophon's Cyropædia, and translate English into Latin correctly.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?vid=00Dr0QOabAjYypfexv&id=4xEWeUleibIC&pg=PA4&lpg=PA4&dq=%22brown+university%22&as_brr=1#PPA13,M1 The Catalogue of Brown University], 1836-7</ref>

Brown did not admit women until 1891, when a women's college named Pembroke College was founded. Brown became coeducational in 1971 when the undergraduate school merged with Pembroke College.

Brown had "compulsory chapel"—a requirement that students attend Sunday services—from its founding until 1872.<ref>[http://www.brown.edu/Administration/News_Bureau/Databases/Encyclopedia/search.php?serial=C0330 Chapel], from ''Encyclopedia Brunoniana.''</ref> After 1872 services were, of course, still conducted and students encouraged to attend them. At some point, services again became mandatory (although not strictly enforced) until the requirement was finally abolished in 1959. A 1904 book of student verse includes a lament by one C. S. Mitchell entitled "Chapel Bell" which parodied [[Edgar Allen Poe|Poe]]'s ''The Bells:''
:Hark! the bell—brazen bell 
:What a world of agony its clanging notes foretell 
:To the slumbrous sleepy student 
:As he bids his rest farewell...<ref>Boone, Ilsley (1904), College Hill Verse: Being Selections from Student Publications of Brown University, 1894-1904, [http://books.google.com/books?vid=0Ov889qyeUnxOVt4ej&id=zufLsuEUEHgC&pg=PA3&lpg=PA3&dq=%22brown+university%22&as_brr=1#PPA4,M1 p. 4]</ref> 

Brown University accepts applications for admission from homeschooled children.<ref>Christian Examiner, Sept. 2007, Vol 25, No 9, Pg. 12</ref>

==Hypertext==
Brown University has been a pioneer in the development of [[HTML|hypertext]]. This technology was championed by Andries van Dam, who founded Brown's computer science department and chaired it from 1975 to 1989<ref>[http://www.cs.brown.edu/people/avd/ Andries van Dam]]'s home page</ref>. The first hypertext editing system, HES, was developed at Brown in 1967 by [[Ted Nelson]] (coiner of the word ''hypertext'') working under van Dam's direction.<ref>[http://www.scholars.nus.edu.sg/cpace/ht/HTatBrown/BrownHT.html Hypertext at Brown]</ref>, short summary by George P. Landow, professor of English and Art History]. Brown's Iris Intermedia project was important and influential; several significant bodies of hypertext developed in that system have since been ported to the Web, notably <ref>[http://www.victorianweb.org/ The Victorian Web]</ref>, an encyclopedic collection of information and source texts about the Victorian era.

==The New Curriculum==

Brown prides itself on its "New Curriculum," first established in 1969, which allows students to take virtually any course they want, with no general distribution requirements. Any course can be taken pass/fail. <ref>http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601103&sid=adp5xdxUBo78</ref> However, the current undergraduate curriculum is currently under review, with recommendations set to be made in the spring of 2008. <ref>http://media.www.browndailyherald.com/media/storage/paper472/news/2007/03/01/CampusNews/New-Task.Force.Will.Review.College-2751247.shtml</ref>

==Controversies==

In 2005, Brown University's Queer Alliance threw a raucous party called SexPowerGod in a university building. Although many students were intoxicated, alcohol was not and has historically not been served at SexPowerGod. The event was covered by disguised reporters for [[The O'Reilly Factor]], causing bad publicity for the university. The Queer Alliance was placed on probation for a year and all student groups were hence prohibited from throwing parties in Sayles Hall.<ref>http://media.www.browndailyherald.com/media/storage/paper472/news/2006/04/27/CampusNews/Chaos.And.Management.Failures.Marred.Sex.Power.God-1880141.shtml?norewrite200605012032&sourcedomain=www.browndailyherald.com</ref>

==Notable Brunonians==
* [[John Hay]] (1858), Abraham Lincoln's secretary, later Ambassador to Great Britain and Secretary of State.
* [[Thomas O. Paine]] (A.B., 1942), third administrator of NASA
* [[Donald Carcieri]] (A.B., 1965), conservative Republican businessman and current governor of [[Rhode Island]]
* [[Richard Holbrooke]] (A.B., 1962), U.S. ambassador to the [[United Nations]], 1999-2001
* [[Chuck Colson]] (A.B., 1953), chief counsel to U.S. President [[Richard Nixon]]
* [[John F. Kennedy Jr]]. (A.B., 1983), son of U.S. President [[John F. Kennedy]]
* [[Mary Chapin-Carpenter]] (A.B., 1981), singer-songwriter
* [[Chris Berman]] (A.B., 1977), anchor/announcer at ESPN
* [[Joe Paterno]] (A.B., 1950), current head coach for football at Penn State
* [[Travis Rowley]], author of the book ''Out of Ivy'' which details his experiences as a conservative in a liberal university.
* [[Sidney Frank]], entrepreneur. Dropped out due to financial reasons, but later received an honorary degree. Donated $100 million increase financial aid for low-income students, among other substantial gifts to the University.
* [[Adoniram Judson]], Christian missionary to Burma and one of the first American missionaries to travel overseas
* [[Josiah S. Carberry]], legendary professor of psychoceramics
* [[John Nakatamo]], professor emeritus of organizational psychology

==Notes and references==
<references/>

==External links==
*[http://www.brown.edu/Administration/News_Bureau/Databases/Encyclopedia/ Encyclopedia Brunoniana], good source of information of Brown's history, customs

{{Nb_US_universities}}

Brown University

2009-10-23T13:36:49Z

N: Removed claim that only four Ivy League universities accept homeschooled students. See talk page for main Ivy League article.

{{University
|name=Brown University
|image=Brown Coat of Arms.png
|text=#C41E3A
|background=#321414
|type=Private
|city=Providence, Rhode Island
|sports=baseball, basketball, crew, cross country, equestrian, fencing, field hockey, football, golf, gymnastics, ice hockey, lacrosse, skiing, soccer, softball, squash, swim/dive, tennis, track/field, volleyball<ref>http://brownbears.cstv.com/</ref>
|colors=brown, red, white
|mascot=Brown Bears
|website=http://www.brown.edu/
}}
'''Brown University''' is an [[American]] university located in Providence, [[Rhode Island]]. It is one of the most [[liberal]] members of the [[Ivy League]], with pervasive pass-fail grading and the unlimited ability to drop a class without penalty at almost any time during the course. The school featured a student prostitution ring in the 1980s and a [[Title IX]] lawsuit in the 1990s.

Brown was founded in 1764, making it the 7th oldest university in the United States. The University motto is ''In Deo Speramus'', which means "In God We Hope" or "In God is our Hope." The current President of Brown is Ruth J. Simmons; it has 628 full-time faculty members and 7,595 students.

==History==
Brown was founded by [[Ezra Stiles]], a [[Congregationalism|Congregationalist]] minister, and [[James Manning]], a [[Baptist]] minister; it was originally known as Rhode Island College. It charter was granted on March 3, 1764; among the sixty-odd signatories were the wealthy brothers John and Nicholas Brown, and the College was located in Warren, Rhode Island. The charter specified that "into this liberal and catholic institution shall never be admitted any religious tests, but on the contrary, all the members hereof shall forever enjoy full, free, absolute, and uninterrupted liberty of conscience", and as such was considered liberal and nonsectarian. Brown and [[University of Pennsylvania|Penn]] both have claims to be considered the first nonsectarian institution of higher learning in the United States.

The College moved to Providence in 1770, and in 1804 was renamed Brown University in honor of Nicholas Brown, a nephew of John Brown, who had given a bequest of $5,000. The Brown family, as was typical at the time, participated in the slave trade. According to a Brown University report, "slavery was... an institution that permeated every aspect of social and economic life in Rhode Island, the Americas, and indeed the Atlantic World. There is no question that many of the assets that underwrote the University’s creation and growth derived, directly and indirectly, from slavery and the slave trade.... By the standards of Rhode Island’s mercantile elite, the Browns were not major slave traders, but they were not strangers to the business either."<ref>[http://www.brown.edu/Research/Slavery_Justice/report/index.html Slavery and Justice Report], Brown University Steering Committee on Slavery and Justice; "many of the assets," p. 13. "not strangers to the business," p. 15</ref>

The 1836-7 Brown catalog lists the names of the entire student body: 43 freshman, 60 sophomores, 45 juniors, and 41 seniors. Candidates for admission were required, among other things, to
:bring satisfactory evidence of unexceptionable moral character, and be thoroughly acquainted with the Grammar of the Latin and Greek languages, be able to construe and parse... the Historical Books of the New Testament, or three Books of Xenophon's Cyropædia, and translate English into Latin correctly.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?vid=00Dr0QOabAjYypfexv&id=4xEWeUleibIC&pg=PA4&lpg=PA4&dq=%22brown+university%22&as_brr=1#PPA13,M1 The Catalogue of Brown University], 1836-7</ref>

Brown did not admit women until 1891, when a women's college named Pembroke College was founded. Brown became coeducational in 1971 when the undergraduate school merged with Pembroke College.

Brown had "compulsory chapel"—a requirement that students attend Sunday services—from its founding until 1872.<ref>[http://www.brown.edu/Administration/News_Bureau/Databases/Encyclopedia/search.php?serial=C0330 Chapel], from ''Encyclopedia Brunoniana.''</ref> After 1872 services were, of course, still conducted and students encouraged to attend them. At some point, services again became mandatory (although not strictly enforced) until the requirement was finally abolished in 1959. A 1904 book of student verse includes a lament by one C. S. Mitchell entitled "Chapel Bell" which parodied [[Edgar Allen Poe|Poe]]'s ''The Bells:''
:Hark! the bell—brazen bell 
:What a world of agony its clanging notes foretell 
:To the slumbrous sleepy student 
:As he bids his rest farewell...<ref>Boone, Ilsley (1904), College Hill Verse: Being Selections from Student Publications of Brown University, 1894-1904, [http://books.google.com/books?vid=0Ov889qyeUnxOVt4ej&id=zufLsuEUEHgC&pg=PA3&lpg=PA3&dq=%22brown+university%22&as_brr=1#PPA4,M1 p. 4]</ref> 

Brown University accepts applications for admisssion from homeschooled children.<ref>Christian Examiner, Sept. 2007, Vol 25, No 9, Pg. 12</ref>

==Hypertext==
Brown University has been a pioneer in the development of [[HTML|hypertext]]. This technology was championed by Andries van Dam, who founded Brown's computer science department and chaired it from 1975 to 1989<ref>[http://www.cs.brown.edu/people/avd/ Andries van Dam]]'s home page</ref>. The first hypertext editing system, HES, was developed at Brown in 1967 by [[Ted Nelson]] (coiner of the word ''hypertext'') working under van Dam's direction.<ref>[http://www.scholars.nus.edu.sg/cpace/ht/HTatBrown/BrownHT.html Hypertext at Brown]</ref>, short summary by George P. Landow, professor of English and Art History]. Brown's Iris Intermedia project was important and influential; several significant bodies of hypertext developed in that system have since been ported to the Web, notably <ref>[http://www.victorianweb.org/ The Victorian Web]</ref>, an encyclopedic collection of information and source texts about the Victorian era.

==The New Curriculum==

Brown prides itself on its "New Curriculum," first established in 1969, which allows students to take virtually any course they want, with no general distribution requirements. Any course can be taken pass/fail. <ref>http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601103&sid=adp5xdxUBo78</ref> However, the current undergraduate curriculum is currently under review, with recommendations set to be made in the spring of 2008. <ref>http://media.www.browndailyherald.com/media/storage/paper472/news/2007/03/01/CampusNews/New-Task.Force.Will.Review.College-2751247.shtml</ref>

==Controversies==

In 2005, Brown University's Queer Alliance threw a raucous party called SexPowerGod in a university building. Although many students were intoxicated, alcohol was not and has historically not been served at SexPowerGod. The event was covered by disguised reporters for [[The O'Reilly Factor]], causing bad publicity for the university. The Queer Alliance was placed on probation for a year and all student groups were hence prohibited from throwing parties in Sayles Hall.<ref>http://media.www.browndailyherald.com/media/storage/paper472/news/2006/04/27/CampusNews/Chaos.And.Management.Failures.Marred.Sex.Power.God-1880141.shtml?norewrite200605012032&sourcedomain=www.browndailyherald.com</ref>

==Notable Brunonians==
* [[John Hay]] (1858), Abraham Lincoln's secretary, later Ambassador to Great Britain and Secretary of State.
* [[Thomas O. Paine]] (A.B., 1942), third administrator of NASA
* [[Donald Carcieri]] (A.B., 1965), conservative Republican businessman and current governor of [[Rhode Island]]
* [[Richard Holbrooke]] (A.B., 1962), U.S. ambassador to the [[United Nations]], 1999-2001
* [[Chuck Colson]] (A.B., 1953), chief counsel to U.S. President [[Richard Nixon]]
* [[John F. Kennedy Jr]]. (A.B., 1983), son of U.S. President [[John F. Kennedy]]
* [[Mary Chapin-Carpenter]] (A.B., 1981), singer-songwriter
* [[Chris Berman]] (A.B., 1977), anchor/announcer at ESPN
* [[Joe Paterno]] (A.B., 1950), current head coach for football at Penn State
* [[Travis Rowley]], author of the book ''Out of Ivy'' which details his experiences as a conservative in a liberal university.
* [[Sidney Frank]], entrepreneur. Dropped out due to financial reasons, but later received an honorary degree. Donated $100 million increase financial aid for low-income students, among other substantial gifts to the University.
* [[Adoniram Judson]], Christian missionary to Burma and one of the first American missionaries to travel overseas
* [[Josiah S. Carberry]], legendary professor of psychoceramics
* [[John Nakatamo]], professor emeritus of organizational psychology

==Notes and references==
<references/>

==External links==
*[http://www.brown.edu/Administration/News_Bureau/Databases/Encyclopedia/ Encyclopedia Brunoniana], good source of information of Brown's history, customs

{{Nb_US_universities}}

Talk:Ivy League

2009-10-23T13:34:34Z

N: /* Applications from Homeschooled Students */ -- UPenn

"(Human is offended by .jpg artifacts, so trying .png. I'm more concerned about sizing and placement... anyone know how to make it extend across the full width and resize with the window size?)"

Haha. Well, ok, you're right. You should see some of my awful jpg vs gif mistakes. Anyway, I think the only format that would do what you want is .svg - they're scalable. But since you want it to show up fairly large, why not just make it at about, say, 400 px wide, and show it full size? Or even 600 px? People look at things using less than full screen? Haha, I know they do... Do you want it full width so the text doesn't wrap around it? I think that just using center tags would do that. Speaking of images, doesn't this article just cry out for a generic photo of an Ivy covered building? I could go take one at PEA if you like. [[User:Human|Human]] 20:45, 4 May 2007 (EDT)
:What is the date for Yale? [[User:Human|Human]] 13:25, 5 May 2007 (EDT)

== Applications from Homeschooled Students ==

Right now the pages of [[Brown University]], [[Yale University]], [[Harvard University]], and [[Cornell University]] say that "(university name) is one of four Ivy League schools to accept applications for admisssion from homeschooled children" and cite "Christian Examiner, Sept. 2007, Vol 25, No 9, Pg. 12." The main [[Ivy League]] article claims "Currently, all eight Ivy League schools accept applications from homeschooled students." I decided to investigate this, and it seems that the claim in the main article is the correct one.

*[http://www.princeton.edu/admission/applyingforadmission/tips_for_home_schooled/ Princeton's website] says "Princeton welcomes applications from home schooled students. Although they still make up a very small portion of the applicant pool, applications from home schooled students have been increasing."
*[http://www.brown.edu/Administration/Admission/appforms/secure/components.html Brown University's admissions website] says "If you are home-schooled you may not be able to present some of the required documents in exactly the same format that would be provided by most traditional schools, but our process of evaluation is the same for all applicants."
*For Harvard I was unable to find a statement on the university's website, but [http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=132239 a 1989 article in the Harvard Crimson] wrote "[Dean of Admissions] Fitzsimmons says that, on the whole, homeschooling is an educational asset that Harvard considers favorably when making its admissions decisions."
*I was unable to find an official statement from Yale regarding the subject, but the article in the Christian Examiner should suffice.
*[http://www.studentaffairs.columbia.edu/admissions/faq/admissions.php Columbia University's website] says "We require that applicants who have been home-schooled submit four SAT Subject Tests, rather than the two required of other applicants. If possible, two letters of recommendation should come from different individuals who taught you in two different areas of study."
*[http://www.dartmouth.edu/apply/generalinfo/faq/homeschool.html Dartmouth University's information for homeschooled applicants] says "We recognize that home-schooled students are typically completing a thorough curriculum in many academic disciplines[...] Home-schooled students, like other applicants, are required to take standardized tests, to submit with the Common Application."
*I was unable to find an official statement from Cornell in general, but [http://www.engineering.cornell.edu/prospective/undergraduate/admissions-faqs.cfm the website of their engineering school] indicates the requirements for applications from homeschooled students. The article in the Christian Examiner provides further support.

Because of this, I will remove the language in the articles claiming that only four Ivy League universities accept homeschooled applicants. -- [[User:N|N]] 09:30, 23 October 2009 (EDT)

:I realized that I forgot to check the University of Pennsylvania. [http://collegesearch.collegeboard.com/search/CollegeDetail.jsp?collegeId=1464&profileId=1 The College Board's website] indicates that UPenn does accept homeschooled students in its listing of "special requirements for home-schooled applicants." -- [[User:N|N]] 09:34, 23 October 2009 (EDT)

Talk:Ivy League

2009-10-23T13:30:30Z

N: Applications from Homeschooled Students

Brown University

2009-10-23T12:52:20Z

N: Added context for founding date. Minor punctuation fixes. Removed unnecessary note about spelling of catalog. Changed link of hypertext to HTML. Linked Penn.

{{University
|name=Brown University
|image=Brown Coat of Arms.png
|text=#C41E3A
|background=#321414
|type=Private
|city=Providence, Rhode Island
|sports=baseball, basketball, crew, cross country, equestrian, fencing, field hockey, football, golf, gymnastics, ice hockey, lacrosse, skiing, soccer, softball, squash, swim/dive, tennis, track/field, volleyball<ref>http://brownbears.cstv.com/</ref>
|colors=brown, red, white
|mascot=Brown Bears
|website=http://www.brown.edu/
}}
'''Brown University''' is an [[American]] university located in Providence, [[Rhode Island]]. It is one of the most [[liberal]] members of the [[Ivy League]], with pervasive pass-fail grading and the unlimited ability to drop a class without penalty at almost any time during the course. The school featured a student prostitution ring in the 1980s and a [[Title IX]] lawsuit in the 1990s.

Brown was founded in 1764, making it the 7th oldest university in the United States. The University motto is ''In Deo Speramus'', which means "In God We Hope" or "In God is our Hope." The current President of Brown is Ruth J. Simmons; it has 628 full-time faculty members and 7,595 students.

==History==
Brown was founded by [[Ezra Stiles]], a [[Congregationalism|Congregationalist]] minister, and [[James Manning]], a [[Baptist]] minister; it was originally known as Rhode Island College. It charter was granted on March 3, 1764; among the sixty-odd signatories were the wealthy brothers John and Nicholas Brown, and the College was located in Warren, Rhode Island. The charter specified that "into this liberal and catholic institution shall never be admitted any religious tests, but on the contrary, all the members hereof shall forever enjoy full, free, absolute, and uninterrupted liberty of conscience", and as such was considered liberal and nonsectarian. Brown and [[University of Pennsylvania|Penn]] both have claims to be considered the first nonsectarian institution of higher learning in the United States.

The College moved to Providence in 1770, and in 1804 was renamed Brown University in honor of Nicholas Brown, a nephew of John Brown, who had given a bequest of $5,000. The Brown family, as was typical at the time, participated in the slave trade. According to a Brown University report, "slavery was... an institution that permeated every aspect of social and economic life in Rhode Island, the Americas, and indeed the Atlantic World. There is no question that many of the assets that underwrote the University’s creation and growth derived, directly and indirectly, from slavery and the slave trade.... By the standards of Rhode Island’s mercantile elite, the Browns were not major slave traders, but they were not strangers to the business either."<ref>[http://www.brown.edu/Research/Slavery_Justice/report/index.html Slavery and Justice Report], Brown University Steering Committee on Slavery and Justice; "many of the assets," p. 13. "not strangers to the business," p. 15</ref>

The 1836-7 Brown catalog lists the names of the entire student body: 43 freshman, 60 sophomores, 45 juniors, and 41 seniors. Candidates for admission were required, among other things, to
:bring satisfactory evidence of unexceptionable moral character, and be thoroughly acquainted with the Grammar of the Latin and Greek languages, be able to construe and parse... the Historical Books of the New Testament, or three Books of Xenophon's Cyropædia, and translate English into Latin correctly.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?vid=00Dr0QOabAjYypfexv&id=4xEWeUleibIC&pg=PA4&lpg=PA4&dq=%22brown+university%22&as_brr=1#PPA13,M1 The Catalogue of Brown University], 1836-7</ref>

Brown did not admit women until 1891, when a women's college named Pembroke College was founded. Brown became coeducational in 1971 when the undergraduate school merged with Pembroke College.

Brown had "compulsory chapel"—a requirement that students attend Sunday services—from its founding until 1872.<ref>[http://www.brown.edu/Administration/News_Bureau/Databases/Encyclopedia/search.php?serial=C0330 Chapel], from ''Encyclopedia Brunoniana.''</ref> After 1872 services were, of course, still conducted and students encouraged to attend them. At some point, services again became mandatory (although not strictly enforced) until the requirement was finally abolished in 1959. A 1904 book of student verse includes a lament by one C. S. Mitchell entitled "Chapel Bell" which parodied [[Edgar Allen Poe|Poe]]'s ''The Bells:''
:Hark! the bell—brazen bell 
:What a world of agony its clanging notes foretell 
:To the slumbrous sleepy student 
:As he bids his rest farewell...<ref>Boone, Ilsley (1904), College Hill Verse: Being Selections from Student Publications of Brown University, 1894-1904, [http://books.google.com/books?vid=0Ov889qyeUnxOVt4ej&id=zufLsuEUEHgC&pg=PA3&lpg=PA3&dq=%22brown+university%22&as_brr=1#PPA4,M1 p. 4]</ref> 

Brown University is one of four Ivy League schools to accept applications for admisssion from homeschooled children.<ref>Christian Examiner, Sept. 2007, Vol 25, No 9, Pg. 12</ref>

==Hypertext==
Brown University has been a pioneer in the development of [[HTML|hypertext]]. This technology was championed by Andries van Dam, who founded Brown's computer science department and chaired it from 1975 to 1989<ref>[http://www.cs.brown.edu/people/avd/ Andries van Dam]]'s home page</ref>. The first hypertext editing system, HES, was developed at Brown in 1967 by [[Ted Nelson]] (coiner of the word ''hypertext'') working under van Dam's direction.<ref>[http://www.scholars.nus.edu.sg/cpace/ht/HTatBrown/BrownHT.html Hypertext at Brown]</ref>, short summary by George P. Landow, professor of English and Art History]. Brown's Iris Intermedia project was important and influential; several significant bodies of hypertext developed in that system have since been ported to the Web, notably <ref>[http://www.victorianweb.org/ The Victorian Web]</ref>, an encyclopedic collection of information and source texts about the Victorian era.

==The New Curriculum==

Brown prides itself on its "New Curriculum," first established in 1969, which allows students to take virtually any course they want, with no general distribution requirements. Any course can be taken pass/fail. <ref>http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601103&sid=adp5xdxUBo78</ref> However, the current undergraduate curriculum is currently under review, with recommendations set to be made in the spring of 2008. <ref>http://media.www.browndailyherald.com/media/storage/paper472/news/2007/03/01/CampusNews/New-Task.Force.Will.Review.College-2751247.shtml</ref>

==Controversies==

In 2005, Brown University's Queer Alliance threw a raucous party called SexPowerGod in a university building. Although many students were intoxicated, alcohol was not and has historically not been served at SexPowerGod. The event was covered by disguised reporters for [[The O'Reilly Factor]], causing bad publicity for the university. The Queer Alliance was placed on probation for a year and all student groups were hence prohibited from throwing parties in Sayles Hall.<ref>http://media.www.browndailyherald.com/media/storage/paper472/news/2006/04/27/CampusNews/Chaos.And.Management.Failures.Marred.Sex.Power.God-1880141.shtml?norewrite200605012032&sourcedomain=www.browndailyherald.com</ref>

==Notable Brunonians==
* [[John Hay]] (1858), Abraham Lincoln's secretary, later Ambassador to Great Britain and Secretary of State.
* [[Thomas O. Paine]] (A.B., 1942), third administrator of NASA
* [[Donald Carcieri]] (A.B., 1965), conservative Republican businessman and current governor of [[Rhode Island]]
* [[Richard Holbrooke]] (A.B., 1962), U.S. ambassador to the [[United Nations]], 1999-2001
* [[Chuck Colson]] (A.B., 1953), chief counsel to U.S. President [[Richard Nixon]]
* [[John F. Kennedy Jr]]. (A.B., 1983), son of U.S. President [[John F. Kennedy]]
* [[Mary Chapin-Carpenter]] (A.B., 1981), singer-songwriter
* [[Chris Berman]] (A.B., 1977), anchor/announcer at ESPN
* [[Joe Paterno]] (A.B., 1950), current head coach for football at Penn State
* [[Travis Rowley]], author of the book ''Out of Ivy'' which details his experiences as a conservative in a liberal university.
* [[Sidney Frank]], entrepreneur. Dropped out due to financial reasons, but later received an honorary degree. Donated $100 million increase financial aid for low-income students, among other substantial gifts to the University.
* [[Adoniram Judson]], Christian missionary to Burma and one of the first American missionaries to travel overseas
* [[Josiah S. Carberry]], legendary professor of psychoceramics
* [[John Nakatamo]], professor emeritus of organizational psychology

==Notes and references==
<references/>

==External links==
*[http://www.brown.edu/Administration/News_Bureau/Databases/Encyclopedia/ Encyclopedia Brunoniana], good source of information of Brown's history, customs

{{Nb_US_universities}}

Usain Bolt

2009-10-10T02:11:59Z

N: fixed error in previous edit

Usain Bolt is a [[Jamaica|Jamaican]] [[Athletics#Running_events|sprinter]] and winner of three [[Olympics|Olympic]] gold medals. He currently holds the [[world record]] in the 100 meter dash with a time of 9.58 seconds and in the 200 meter dash with a time of 19.19 seconds.

[[Category:Athletes]]

Usain Bolt

2009-10-10T02:11:40Z

N: Category:Atheletes

Weather Report (music)

2009-10-10T02:09:08Z

N: Category:Bands & Category:Jazz

'''Weather Report''' was a famous [[jazz fusion]] band that was active from 1970 to 1985. The band was led by keyboardist Joe Zawinul, and consisted of influential jazz musicians Wayne Shorter and [[Jaco Pastorius]] (though Jaco was only involved with the band from 1976-82).

Their 1977 album "Heavy Weather" is often considered to be one of the greatest jazz fusion albums of all time.

[[Category:Bands]]
[[Category:Jazz]]

Wilfred Owen

2009-10-10T02:07:54Z

N: Category:Poets

'''Wilfred Owen''' was a British [[soldier]] and [[poet]], noted for his works from World War I. He was killed at the [[Battle of the Sombre]] just a week before the end of the war. Owen's work is noted for its stark depiction of the horrors of war, describing the horrors of German [[chemical weapon|gas attacks]] and of trench warfare. His most famous poems are perhaps [[Dulce et Decorum Est]] and Anthem for Doomed Youth.

[[Category:Poets]]

William Safire

2009-10-10T02:05:46Z

N: Category:Authors + Category:Columnists + Category:Journalists + Category:Conervatives

'''William Lewis Safire'''(December 17, 1929 – September 27, 2009) was an [[American]] [[Pulitzer Prize]] winning columnist, author, and journalist.

Safire, a member of the [[Republican]] party and a self-described conservative libertarian,<ref>http://www.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1926424,00.html</ref> was most widely known as a partisan columnist for the New York Times.<ref>http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/people/s/william_safire/index.html</ref>

==Awards==
Pulitzer Prize, 1978 <ref>http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,556185,00.html</ref>

Presidential Medal of Freedom, 2006 <ref>http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/people/s/william_safire/index.html</ref>

==Books==
The Relations Explosion: The Coming Boom and Shakeout in Corporate Relations (1963)
Before the Fall: An Inside View of the Pre-Watergate White House (1975)
Full Disclosure (1977, novel)
Safire's Political Dictionary (1978)
William Safire on Language (1980)
Safire's Washington (1980)
What's the Good Word? (1982)
I Stand Corrected: More on Language (1984)
Take My Word for It (1986)
Freedom: A Novel of Abraham Lincoln and the Civil War (1987)
You Could Look It Up: More on Language from William Safire (1988)
Fumblerules: A Lighthearted Guide to Grammar and Good Usage (1990)
Language Maven Strikes Again (1990)
Coming To Terms (1991)
The First Dissident: The Book of Job In Today's Politics (1992)
Old Books Have a Future (1993)
Quoth the Maven: More on Language from William Safire (1993)
In Love with Norma Loquendi (1994)
Sleeper Spy: A Novel of Deception (1995, novel)
Watching My Language: Adventures in the Word Trade (1997)
Spread the Word (1999)
Scandalmonger (2000, novel)
The Right Word in the Right Place at the Right Time (2004)<ref>http://www.nndb.com/people/317/000023248/</ref>

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Authors]]
[[Category:Columnists]]
[[Category:Conservatives]]
[[Category:Journalists]]

Wisdom tree

2009-10-10T02:01:26Z

N: Category:Video Games & Category:Companies ; added some links

Wisdom Tree is a Tucson, Arizona manufacturer and distributor of [[Video games|video games]] for the [[NES|Nintendo Entertainment System]]. Unlike the majority of senselessly violent video games, Wisdom Tree creates games filled with religious content to teach children about [[Christianity]]. Wisdom Tree video games are often sold at Christian Bookstores, and consist of "Exodus", "Bible Adventures", and "Noah's Ark", just to name a few.

[[Category:Video Games]]
[[Category:Companies]]

With the Old Breed

2009-10-10T01:57:39Z

N: Clarified that this refers to World War 2; Category:Books & Category:World War II

NY Times bestselling memoir of US Marine Eugene B Sledge (nicknamed 'Sledgehammer') and his experiences at Peleliu & Okinawa during [[World War II]].

With the Old Breed, written from the enlisted man's perspective, doesn't shy away from the brutality, horror, and hatred both sides displayed during the Peleliu (15 Sept. - 27 Nov. 1944) & Okinawa (1 April-23 June 1945) campaigns.

[[Category:Books]]
[[Category:World War II]]

University of San Francisco

2009-10-10T01:53:31Z

N: {{Nb_US_universities|California}}

The '''University of San Francisco''' (USF or USFCA, to distinguish it from the [[University of Southern Florida]]) is a [[Jesuit]] university in [[San Francisco]], [[California]]. It is considered a Tier 1 school. <ref>http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/best-colleges/san-francisco-ca/university-san-francisco-1325</ref>

<references/>

{{Nb_US_universities|California}}

Zodiac killer

2009-10-10T01:51:23Z

N: Category:Serial Killers

The '''Zodiac killer''' is the pseudonym given to a notorious unidentified serial killer, active in the late 1960s in California, originating in the [[San Francisco]] area. The name originated in one of a series taunting letters sent to the police claiming to have been written by the killer. Though he has only 7 confirmed victims, in one of the last letters sent to the police, he claimed over 37 victims. Of the many letters he sent to the police, 4 where cyphers, 3 of which have yet to be solved. The police have stated that it is likely the letters where written by the killer, as he provided details about the crimes in some of them that where not yet released to the public.

== Victims ==
Confirmed-
*'''David Faraday''' and '''Betty Lou Jensen'''
*'''Darlene Ferrin''' and '''Mike Mageau'''
*'''Cecelia Shepard''' and '''Byran Hartnell'''
*'''Paul Stine'''

Possible-
*'''Robert Domingos and Linda Edwards'''
*'''Cheri Jo Bates'''
*'''Kathleen Johns'''
*'''Donna Lass'''

[[Category:Serial Killers]]

Carly Simon

2009-10-10T01:50:24Z

N: Category:Singers

Singer-songwriter, famous for "My father sits at night with no lights on / My mother reads her magazine. / I hear her call sweet dreams / But I forget how to dream. ..." [http://www.stlyrics.com/lyrics/littleblackbook/thatsthewayivealwayshearditshouldbe.htm] a poignant attack on loveless suburban life as a distortion of the [[American Dream]].

[[Category:Singers]]

Sarah Palin

2009-10-10T01:22:24Z

N: Tense change

{{Officeholder
|name=Sarah Palin
|image=Sarah Palin.jpg
|party=[[Republican]]
|spouse=[[Todd Palin]]
|religion=Christian
|offices=

{{Officeholder/governor
|state=Alaska
|terms=December 4, 2006-July 26, 2009
|preceded=[[Frank Murkowski]]
|former=n
|succeeded=[[Sean Parnell]]
}}
}}

'''Sarah Louise Heath Palin''' (pronounced pay'-lynn) (born February 11, 1964) served as the [[conservative]] [[Republican Party|Republican]] [[Governor]] of [[Alaska]] from 2006 through 2009. She is the youngest person to hold this office as well as the first woman to do so in the state's history. On July 3, 2009 Palin announced that she would resign as Governor of Alaska. <ref>http://www.newsmax.com/insidecover/palin_not_running/2009/07/03/231789.html</ref> Executive power was transferred to [[Lieutenant Governor]] [[Sean Parnell]].
Palin was Senator [[John McCain]]'s Vice Presidential running mate in the [[2008 Presidential Election]]<ref>[http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2008/08/palins_vp_selection_speech.html Acceptance Speech by Palin]</ref>, and the first woman to appear on a Republican Presidential ticket.

She brought a [[populism|populist]] image and a record of cutting wasteful spending and reforming government to McCain's ticket. In the summer of 2007, she was the most popular governor in America, after cutting 13% of [[Alaska]]'s budget.<ref>http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/013/851orcjq.asp</ref> She is strongly [[pro-life]] and a prominent spokesperson for [[special needs]] children. She favors more competition in health care, and pushed for abolishing the [[certificate of need]] regulations that interfere with opening new medical clinics.<ref>http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/09/04/AR2008090403253.html?referrer=emailarticle</ref>

Married for 20 years, Sarah Palin's husband is a member of the United Steelworkers Union and her eldest son (of five children) is in the [[United States Army]], scheduled to go to Iraq. In an appearance on August 30, 2008 in Washington, Pennsylvania, she was greeted by a surprisingly large crowd as she promoted the new McCain-Palin ticket.

She earned her Journalism degree from the University of [[Idaho]]<ref>http://www.adn.com/palin/story/516085.html</ref> and worked in the media and the utility industry before beginning her public service 14 years ago.

==Personal Background==
[[Image:Sarah Palin Todd Trig.jpg|thumb|right|In this April 23, 2008 file photo, Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin, left, and her husband, Todd Palin, hold their baby boy Trig in Anchorage, Alaska. 
''Photo courtesy of Newsmax.com'']]
Palin arrived in Alaska with her family in 1964, when her parents came to teach school in Skagway. Palin attended Wasilla High School where her extracurricular activities included captaining the basketball team which went on to win the state championship <ref>[http://online.wsj.com/article/SB122108935141721343.html?mod=googlenews_wsj Obama Can't Win Against Palin] Wall Street Journal, September 11, 2008</ref> after graduating in 1982. She went on to college, after attending several institutions she received a bachelor of science degree in communications-journalism from the University of Idaho in 1987. Over the course of her 44 years in Alaska she has lived in Skagway, Eagle River and Wasilla. To earn money for college, Palin entered beauty pageants.

She is married to [[Todd Palin]], part Yupik [[Eskimo]], who is a lifelong Alaskan, works at a non-management union job in the oil industry, and also as a commercial salmon fisherman. He is a four-time champion of the Iron Dog, the world's longest snowmobile race.

Sarah Palin is a [[Labor union | union]] member, a [[moose]] hunter and holds a membership in the [[NRA]].<ref>[http://elections.foxnews.com/2008/08/29/mccain-to-name-running-mate-on-friday/ McCain Names Alaska Gov. Palin as Running Mate] Fox News, August 29, 2008</ref> Todd and Sarah have five children together: Track, Bristol, Willow, Piper, and Trig.

Palin has been widely praised among conservatives for acting on her [[pro-life]] beliefs in the case of her youngest son, Trig, who was diagnosed with [[Down syndrome]] in the fourth month of her pregnancy. After researching the condition, she and her husband agreed to continue to pregnancy:
: "[My husband Todd said,] we shouldn't be asking 'Why us?' We should be saying 'Well, why not us?' We've both been very vocal about being pro life. We understand that every innocent life has wonderful potential. I'm looking at him right now, and I see perfection. Yeah, he has an extra chromosome. I keep thinking, in our world, what is normal and what is perfect?" <ref>http://www.celebrity-babies.com/2008/05/gov-sarah-palin.html</ref> <ref>[http://www.catholic.org/international/international_story.php?id=29242 Canadian Doctors 'Fear' Sarah Palin's Choice May Start a Trend] Catholic Online, Septmeber 11, 2008</ref>

Trig was born on April 18, 2008, four months before his mother was announced as the vice-presidential candidate. Palin wrote:
:"This new person in your life can help everyone put things in perspective and bind us together, and get everyone focused on what really matters ... Those who love him will think less about self and focus less on what the world tells [us] is 'normal' or 'perfect.'"<ref name="people">[[People magazine]]</ref>

:"It's a sign of the times to be able to do this," she said. "I can think of so many male candidates who watched a families grow while they were in office. There is no reason to believe a woman can't do it with a growing family. My baby will not be at all or in any sense neglected."<ref>Alaska governor balances newborn's needs, official duties [http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2008-05-10-4082128881_x.htm]</ref>

Palin's older son, Track, serves in the U.S. Army, and was deployed to [[Iraq War|Iraq]] in September 2008. Palin says, "I'm proud of him but I worry."<ref name="people">[[People magazine]]</ref>

In September of 2008, Palin announced that her daughter Bristol was five months pregnant. After having been given the choice, Bristol bravely chose to keep the child. Palin stated "We're proud of Bristol's decision to have her baby and even prouder to become grandparents."<ref>[http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20080901/ap_on_el_pr/cvn_palin_daughter Palin says 17-year-old daughter is pregnant]</ref> Bristol has since gone on to promote abstinence as a realistic choice for teenagers, stating, "[A]bstinence is the only way you can effectively, 100% foolproof way you can prevent pregnancy."<ref>http://www.lifenews.com/nat5025.html</ref>

[[Image:Palin Family..jpg|thumb|left|Palin family members at the announcement of Palin's vice presidential selection, August 29, 2008. From left: Todd, Piper, Willow, Bristol, and Trig.]]

==Political Career==
Palin was elected to two terms on the Wasilla City Council, and then two terms as the Mayor / Manager of Alaska's fastest growing community (Population: 5400 in 2000)<ref>[http://wasilla.areaconnect.com/statistics.htm Wasilla Population and Demographics]</ref>. During her time as mayor, Palin hired a Washington lobbying firm to help secure $8 million in congressionally directed spending projects, otherwise known as earmarks.<ref>[http://www.usatoday.com/news/politics/election2008/2008-08-31-palin-bridge_N.htm Palin backed 'bridge to nowhere' in 2006]</ref> Ms. Palin's leadership qualities were recognized when she was elected as President of the Alaska Conference of Mayors. In 2002, she ran for Lieutenant Governor, but came in second in a four-way race. Later that year, when [[Frank Murkowski]] resigned his [[Senate]] seat to become [[governor]], she interviewed for the opening. Instead, Murkowski appointed his daughter to the seat. From there, she went on to run for governor and won, becoming the first female governor of Alaska and its youngest.

In 2003, then-Governor Mukowski appointed Palin to serve as Panel Ethics Commissioner of Alaska's Oil and Gas Conservation Commission, which regulates Alaska's [[non-renewable energy|non-renewable]] resources: [[oil]] and [[gasoline|gas]]. She resigned in 2004 as a protest over the "lack of ethics" of fellow panelists who had ignored her complaints of legal violations and conflicts of interest. In a similar vein, Palin took a great political risk by revealing that Randy Reudrich, chairman of the state Republican party, was doing political business on state time. She did this to fulfil a [[conflict of interest]] statement that required her to report such things; to omit the revelation would have been dishonest. But it turned out that this action endeared her to the people of Alaska.<ref>[http://churchformen.blogspot.com/2008/09/people-around-world-are-asking-who-is.html Sarah Palin, a friend of mine] </ref>

To help cultivate influence and political clout in the state, Palin served from 2003 - June, 2005 as one of three directors of the "Ted Stevens Excellence in Public Service, Inc.", a 527 group that raised funds from corporate donors.<ref>[http://voices.washingtonpost.com/the-trail/2008/09/01/palin_was_a_director_of_embatt.html#more Palin Was a Director of Embattled Sen. Ted Stevens's 527 Group]</ref> The stated purpose of the group is, "To increase the number of Republican women in elected offices and in appointed governmental and political positions, including advisory and regulatory commissions through training and education."<ref>[http://www.campaignmoney.com/political/527/ted_stevens_excellence_in_public_service_inc.asp Ted Stevens Excellence in Public Service, Inc.]</ref>

She ran for Governor in 2006 on a clean government platform, and accomplished a political rarity in defeating the incumbent Governor [[Frank Murkowski]] in his own Republican primary. Palin went on to defeat former Governor [[Tony Knowles]] in the general election.

She has also served on the Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission. She was named one of Alaska's "Top 40 Under 40", Alaska's Public Works "Person of the Year", and was recently inducted into the Sigma Beta Delta Honor Society at Alaska Pacific University.

Palin has served on numerous boards and commissions throughout the State, and stays active as a marathon runner, sports team mom, hockey manager and school volunteer. A lifetime member of the [[NRA]], she enjoys hunting, fishing, and Alaska history. <ref>http://gov.state.ak.us/bio.php Alaska Governor Sarah Palin</ref>
===Resignation===
In July of 2009, Governor Palin shocked Alaska and the nation with her announcement that she would not seek a second term, and would resign her office effective July 26, 2009.

In her own words:

{{cquote|'''Some say things changed for me on August 29th last year – the day John McCain tapped me to be his running-mate – ''I say others changed''.'''

Let me speak to that for a minute.

Political operatives descended on Alaska last August, digging for dirt. The ethics law I championed became their weapon of choice. Over the past nine months I've been accused of all sorts of frivolous ethics violations – such as holding a fish in a photograph, wearing a jacket with a logo on it, and answering reporters’ questions.

Every one – all 15 of the ethics complaints have been dismissed. We’ve won! But it hasn't been cheap - the State has wasted thousands of hours of your time and shelled out some two million of your dollars to respond to “opposition research” – that’s money not going to fund teachers or troopers – or safer roads. And this political absurdity, the “politics of personal destruction” … Todd and I are looking at more than half a million dollars in legal bills in order to set the record straight. And what about the people who offer up these silly accusations? It doesn’t cost them a dime so they’re not going to stop draining public resources – spending other peoples’ money in their game.

It’s pretty insane – my staff and I spend most of our day dealing with this instead of progressing our state now. I know I promised no more “politics as usual,” but this isn’t what anyone had in mind for Alaska.

If I have learned one thing: life is about choices!

And one chooses how to react to circumstances. You can choose to engage in things that tear down, or build up. I choose to work very hard on a path for fruitfulness and productivity. I choose not to tear down and waste precious time; but to build up this state and our country, and her industrious, generous, patriotic, free people!

Life is too short to compromise time and resources... it may be tempting and more comfortable to just keep your head down, plod along, and appease those who demand: "Sit down and shut up", but that's the worthless, easy path; that's a quitter's way out. And a problem in our country today is apathy. It would be apathetic to just hunker down and “go with the flow”.

Nah, only dead fish "go with the flow".

No. Productive, fulfilled people determine where to put their efforts, choosing to wisely utilize precious time... to build up.

And there is such a need to build up and fight for our state and our country. I choose to fight for it! And I'll work hard for others who still believe in free enterprise and smaller government; strong national security for our country and support for our troops; energy independence; and for those who will protect freedom and equality and life... I'll work for and campaign for those proud to be American, and those who are inspired by our ideals and won't deride them.

I will support others who seek to serve, in or out of office, for the right reasons, and I don't care what party they're in or no party at all. Inside Alaska – or Outside Alaska.

But I won’t do it from the Governor’s desk.

'''I've never believed that I, nor anyone else, needs a title to do this - to make a difference... to help people. So I choose, for my State and my family, more "freedom" to progress, all the way around... so that Alaska may progress... I will not seek re-election as Governor.'''

And so as I thought about this announcement that I wouldn’t run for re-election and what it means for Alaska, I thought about how much fun some governors have as lame ducks… travel around the state, to the Lower 48 (maybe), overseas on international trade – as so many politicians do. And then I thought – that’s what’s wrong – many just accept that lame duck status, hit the road, draw the paycheck, and “milk it”. I’m not putting Alaska through that – I promised efficiencies and effectiveness! That’s not how I am wired. I am not wired to operate under the same old “politics as usual.” I promised that four years ago – and I meant it.

'''It’s not what is best for Alaska.'''

'''I am determined to take the right path for Alaska even though it is unconventional and not so comfortable.'''

'''''With this announcement that I am not seeking re-election… I’ve determined it’s best to transfer the authority of governor to Lieutenant Governor Parnell; and I am willing to do so, so that this administration – with its positive agenda, its accomplishments, and its successful road to an incredible future – can continue without interruption and with great administrative and legislative success.'''''

My choice is to take a stand and effect change – not hit our heads against the wall and watch valuable state time and money, millions of your dollars, go down the drain in this new environment. Rather, we know we can effect positive change outside government at this moment in time, on another scale, and actually make a difference for our priorities – and so we will, for Alaskans and for Americans.

Let me go back to a comfortable analogy for me – sports… basketball. I use it because you’re naïve if you don’t see the national full-court press picking away right now: A good point guard drives through a full court press, protecting the ball, keeping her eye on the basket… and she knows exactly when to pass the ball so that the team can win. And I’m doing that – keeping our eye on the ball that represents sound priorities – smaller government, energy independence, national security, freedom! And I know when it’s time to pass the ball – for victory.

I have given my reasons candidly and truthfully… and my last day won’t be for another few weeks so the transition will be very smooth. In fact, we will look to swear Sean in – in Fairbanks at the conclusion of our Governor’s picnics.

I do not want to disappoint anyone with my decision; all I can ask is that you trust me with this decision – but it’s no more “politics as usual”.

Some Alaskans don’t mind wasting public dollars and state time. '''I do. I cannot stand here as your Governor and allow millions upon millions of our dollars go to waste just so I can hold the title of Governor. And my children won’t allow it either.''' <ref>[http://www.gov.state.ak.us/exec-column.php Executive Column: Palin's resignation announcement]</ref>}}

==Record as Governor==
===Energy and Oil===

A strong supporter of harnessing [[oil]] and natural [[gas]] resources, Palin presented the Alaska Gasline Inducement Act (AGIA) in March 2007, which would be the new legal vehicle for building a natural gas pipeline from the state's North Slope.<ref>http://www.newsminer.com/news/2008/aug/29/palin-alaska-gasline-inducement-act-nears-completi/</ref> It received bipartisan support and was signed into law by Governor Palin in June. In August of 2008 she signed legislation giving state authority to award TransCanada Corp a license to build and operate a multibillion-dollar pipeline to ship natural gas from the North Slope.<ref>http://www.canada.com/calgaryherald/news/story.html?id=2e84b1e8-9a4a-4558-ad05-21b517c50fae</ref> As Governor, Palin created a new subcabinet that will develop policies to reduce greenhouse gases and help the state adapt to [[climate change]]. She supports oil production in ANWR, connecting it with national security.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2GE11URmmnc</ref>

In 2007, over the objections of oil companies, Palin worked with the Alaska state legislature to approve a major increase in taxes on the oil industry. <ref>[http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2008103325_alaskatax07.html Windfall tax lets Alaska rake in billions from Big Oil]</ref> The state then gave Alaskans a $1200 check to pay for increased gas prices, using the increased revenues from the tax.<ref>[http://hotair.com/archives/2008/08/11/palin-backed-alaskan-windfall-profits-tax/ Palin backed Alaskan windfalls-profit tax]</ref>

Palin also announced on May 21, 2008 that the state would challenge a recent listing of [[polar bears]] as a threatened species as she and other Alaska elected officials feared such a listing would cripple oil and gas development in prime polar bear habitat off the state's northern and northwestern coasts. Palin's belief is that there is not enough evidence to support a listing, asserting that polar bears are well-managed and their population has dramatically increased over 30 years as a result of conservation.

===State Economy===
[[Image:Govp_2008stos_large.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Gov. Sarah Palin delivering her 2008 State of the State address]] At first, Palin supported the Gravina Island Bridge Project, otherwise known as the "Bridge to Nowhere". In September 2006, during a stop in [[Ketchikan]] as part of her gubernatorial campaign, Palin stated, "OK, you've got Valley trash standing here in the middle of nowhere," Palin said, according to an account in the Ketchikan Daily News. "I think we're going to make a good team as we progress that bridge project."<ref>[http://www.adn.com/sarahpalin/story/511471.html Palin touts stance on 'Bridge to Nowhere']</ref> The $398 million bridge would have connected Ketchikan, on Revillagigedo Island in southern southeast Alaska, to its airport on nearby Gravina island. The Anchorage Daily News also quoted her in an October, 2006 article as saying yes, she would continue state funding for the bridge because she wanted swift action on infrastructure projects. "The window is now while our congressional delegation is in a strong position to assist," she said.<ref>[http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20080831/ap_on_el_pr/cvn_bridge_to_nowhere;_ylt=Am.NkRx1mLWk9A34FLhn8IADW7oF Critics: Palin used 'Bridge to Nowhere' for gain]</ref> Palin announced her opposition to the project in a 2007 press release.

She has stated her opposition arose because of the excessive amount of pork-barrel spending in the project, and that she would not fund the $329 million that was short for the budget.<ref>http://www.cnn.com/2007/US/09/22/alaska.bridge.ap/</ref> This reversal cost her the support of prominent Alaskan Republicans like Former state House Speaker Gail Phillips, who said, "You don't tell a group of Alaskans you support something and then go to someplace else and say you oppose it". Palin instead said that the best option would be to upgrade the ferry system. However, the money that was retained from the earmark was not used for the ferry system, but was spent building a road on Gravina Island that links to the site of the canceled bridge.<ref name="bridge">http://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSN3125537020080901 Palin "bridge to nowhere" line angers many Alaskans</ref>

Prominent Alaskan politicians criticized Palin for not "giving back" money earmarked for the project. These critics included her Republican campaign coordinator in Ketchikan, who stated that "She said 'thanks but no thanks,' but they kept the money".<ref name="bridge" /> However, state governments do not "give back" money in the manner proposed.

Three times during Palin's time as mayor, earmark funding for projects in Wasilla were noted in [[John McCain]]'s list of "objectionable" spending in 2001 and 2002. McCain's list of spending approved without normal budget scrutiny identified a $500,000 earmark for a public transportation project in the city and a $1 million earmark for an emergency communications center while $450,000 was set aside for an agricultural processing facility.<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/news/la-na-earmarks3-2008sep03,0,6145252.story McCain had criticized earmarks from Palin]</ref> Palin, of course, as mayor of a small town had no ability to put these items in a Congressional bill, but her town did benefit from earmarked spending given to Alaska.

=== Foreign Policy ===
[[Image:Ftwainwright_govp_05s.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Governor Sarah Palin visits Strykers at Fort Wainwright, where she is briefed on how the troops are trained and what the training grounds provide.]]
Palin is Commander in Chief of the Alaska Army [[National Guard]]. In 2007 she visited troops in [[Germany]] and [[Kuwait]]. According to Major General Craig E. Campbell, the adjutant general of the Alaska National Guard who commands the roughly 3,800 state militia members, the Alaskan governor is not in the site's chain of command and has no authority over its operations. He told the Associated Press on August 31st that he and Palin play no role in national defense activities, even when they involve the Alaska National Guard. He went on to state that the entire operation is under federal control.<ref>[http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/08/31/ap/politics/main4401854.shtml GOP Cites Palin's Skill, But How Relevant Is It?]</ref>

During her first major interview, with ABC's [[Charlie Gibson]], Gibson asked Palin if she agreed with the "[[Bush Doctrine]]". Palin responded, "In what respect, Charlie?" Gibson followed, "What do you interpret it to be?" Palin answered with another question, "His world view?" Gibson still refused to answer directly but instead stated it was the doctrine Bush had proposed in September of 2002, before the Iraq war. Palin gave a response concerning Bush's attempt to eradicate Islamic extremism. Gibson then explained that the Bush doctrine refers to the right of anticipatory defense, a right to a preemptive strike against any country that we think is going to attack us. <ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YpJsQch9uZo Asked about the Bush Doctrine...Palin is Clueless]</ref> What Gibson did not point out is that he himself once gave a definition of the "Bush doctrine" (a concept made up by the press that has no clear definition) that was similar to Palin's answer. Indeed it has been pointed out since that there are actually four different versions of what the Bush doctrine is and the term and meaning changes over time and place.<ref>http://elections.foxnews.com/2008/09/12/palins-definition-of-bush-doctrine-hits-the-gibson-mark/</ref>

===Legislature Investigation===
In August of 2008, the [[Alaska]] state legislature began an investigation of Palin and her staff for potential abuse of power in regards to a firing of Commissioner of Public Safety Walter Monegan. Legally, Palin could dismiss Monegan at any time as he serves at the pleasure of the governor. Monegan was dismissed from his position in July of 2008, which Palin's political opponents claim was due to Monegan's refusal to fire trooper Mike Wooten, Palin's former brother-in-law who had a history of complaints including tasering his 10 year old stepson.<ref name="pc">http://www.postchronicle.com/news/original/article_212168861.shtml</ref> Palin says she released Monegan due to differences on budgeting. In an interview Monegan said that he was never told specifically by Sarah Palin to fire the state trooper Mike Wooten. <ref name="pc" />

Palin has denied the charges and, as is customary, the State of Alaska has hired a lawyer to represent her office in the investigation. August 25th, the Legislative Council voted 12-0 to hire Hollis French as the investigator. <ref>[http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=59d_1220063478 Investigation into Governor Sarah Palin's abuse of powers] CBS 11, August 30, 2008</ref> The Senate Judiciary Committee voted 3-2 and the House Judiciary Committee voted 7-0. The State's attorney released this statement:<ref>[http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/cvn_palin_troopergate Palin hires attorney for Troopergate investigation]</ref>

:The governor of every state gets legal counsel and this attorney is part of a weeks-old effort to provide this governor defense in a series of outlandish politically motivated charges. This legal defense is neither new nor uncommon nor at all political. It is a matter of her job and is not recent and it is not related to her selection on the McCain-Palin ticket.

The McCain campaign came out with a picture that includes three lead state Democratic legislators investigating the Branchflower probe, known as ‘Troopergate'. The photo shows the three of them at [[Obama]] headquarters in Anchorage, Alaska in July. The McCain campaign said the whole investigation is politically tainted and compromised. Republican Rep. John Coghill of North Pole called on managing investigator, legislator French to step down from the probe, saying he no longer had confidence in his objectivity. "These statements cause me to think that the report is already written even though the investigation is only just begun and the most important witnesses have not even been interviewed,” Coghill wrote in a letter calling for French’s replacement. “The investigation appears to be lacking in fairness, neutrality and due process.” <ref>[http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/2078644/posts McCain Camp has pictures of "troopergate" investigators at Obama Headquarters] FreeRepublic.com, September 9, 2008</ref> Democratic State Senator Kim Elton, head of the legislative council overseeing the investigation, said the decisions made by Sen. Hollis French "have been appropriate, bipartisan ... and unchallenged" and that French has called the comments he made last week "regrettable".<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/09/08/palin.investigation/ Head of Palin trooper probe will stay, lawmaker says]</ref> Lawyer Thomas Van Flein called the investigation "unlawful and unconstitutional" and said the man hired to run it, former prosecutor Stephen Branchflower, has a conflict of interest because he is a friend of the fired commissioner. <ref>[http://www.adn.com/troopergate/story/522488.html Palin's attorney calls investigator biased] Ap, September 11, 2008</ref> 

The investigation issued its report for the Alaska State Legislative Council on October 10, 2008, concluding that Monegan's refusal to fire the trooper was not the sole reason he was dismissed, but was likely a contributing factor. The author of the report, Stephen Branchflower, focused on two questions of the inquiry: did Palin fire Walt Monegan improperly, and was the firing solely because of his refusal to fire her ex brother-in-law. "Governor Palin knowingly permitted a situation to continue where impermissible pressure was placed on several subordinates in order to advance a personal agenda, to wit: to get Trooper Michael Wooten fired," Branchflower wrote.<ref>http://www.reuters.com/article/politicsNews/idUSTRE4998X420081011</ref> Based on this, Branchflower claims that "I find that Governor Sarah Palin abused her power by violating Alaska Statute 39.52.110(a) of the Alaska Executive Branch Ethics Act."<ref>http://www.foxnews.com/projects/pdf/DOWNLOAD.pdf Page 8</ref>

In accordance with the second question the report focused on, Branchflower wrote, "I find that, although Walt Monegan's refusal to fire Trooper Michael Wooten was not the sole reason he was fired by Governor Sarah Palin, it was likely a contributing factor to his termination as Commissioner of Public Safety," Branchflower wrote. The second finding of the report reads: "In spite of that, Governor Palin's firing of Commissioner Monegan was a proper and lawful exercise of her constitutional and statutory authority to hire and fire executive branch department heads." Branchflower also dismissed the Palins' assertions that they were afraid of Wooten because of threats they said he made. "Such claims of fear were not bona fide and were offered to provide cover for the Palins' real motivation: to get Trooper Wooten fired for personal family related reasons," he wrote. <ref>http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_10692757?source=most_viewed</ref> A preemptive response to this report was issued by the McCain/Palin campaign on October 9th, in which the campaign's own investigation concluded that Palin "acted within her proper and lawful authority in the reassignment of Walt Monegan".<ref>http://www.reuters.com/article/politicsNews/idUSTRE4998X420081011</ref>

In the end the "October Surprise" predicted by the head of the commission came to pass. Although the commission was asked not to release its findings until after the election to avoid political posturing, they refused to do so. Apart from tarring and feathering Palin, the report made no recommendations for any further inquiries or punishment, as it was understood that there was no case to do so. No direct reports of Sarah Palin abusing her power were ever produced or asking for the official to be fired were ever produced, but that didn't stop the report from drawing its conclusions based upon conjecture without evidence. Indeed, after the hoopla over the report subsided, the state personnel board released its finding that exonnerated her of any wrongdoing.<ref>http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20081104/ap_on_el_pr/palin_troopergate</ref>

==Vice Presidential Candidate==

[[Image:Mccainpalin.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Sarah Palin vice presidential announcement, 08/29/08.]] On August 29, 2008, Palin was announced to be the Vice Presidential nominee for Republican Senator John McCain <ref>http://www.newsmax.com/headlines/sarah_palin_vp/2008/08/29/126138.html</ref>. The selection was a surprise, as those in the media were expecting [[Minnesota]] Governor [[Tim Pawlenty]] or former [[Massachusetts]]'s Governor [[Mitt Romney]]. Palin adds youth and executive experience to the ticket. She is the second female Vice Presidential candidate of a major party in U.S. history and the first one on a Republican ticket. The first was [[Geraldine Ferraro]], who the Democratic Party put on the ticket under [[Walter Mondale]] in 1984.

Palin's speech before the Republican convention on Wednesday, September 3rd was watched by over 40 million people. She had as many people turn in to see her as watched Obama's acceptance speech on the final day of the Democratic convention. Palin has also been attacked by the press on a level not seen since [[Dan Quayle]], although she ultimately handled it much better.
===Democrat Responses===
In a possible problem for the Democratic ticket, a majority of people believed that the press was trying to hurt Palin<ref>http://news.yahoo.com/story/rasmussen/20080904/pl_rasmussen/palinmedia20080904;_ylt=AqErk__wZIKdoVvqUXdr44Nh24cA</ref> and that type of unwarranted attack could have backfired into more support for the McCain/Palin ticket especially with unaffiliated voters believing the press is purposely attacking Palin by a 49% to 32% margin.

Many Democrats had advised the Obama campaign to ignore Palin, fearing that emphasis on her inexperience will backfire against Obama himself.<ref>[http://www.portfolio.com/views/blogs/capital/2008/09/05/tips-for-obama-ignore-palin-dis-mccain Matt Coopoer, "Tips for Obama: Ignore Palin, Dis McCain," Sept. 5, 2008, ''Conde-Nast Portfoloio.com'']</ref> She participated in a debate with the Democratic VP candidate Joe Biden on October 2, 2008, ending up being declared the winner by most credible news sources that are not influenced by liberal bias. Palin "kept Joe Biden on the defensive" and "ended up dominating [the debate]".<ref>http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1008/14234.html</ref>

During a campaign event in [[Virginia]], Barack Obama said of the McCain/Palin ticket's similar policies, "...You can put lipstick on a pig, it's still a pig."<ref>http://www.newsmax.com/insidecover/obama_lipstick_mccain/2008/09/09/129274.html</ref> Given the fact that she's stated "The difference between a hockey mom and a pitbull (is) lipstick" and the fact that only a female candidate would wear lipstick, the McCain camp released a web ad implying that the comment was targeting Governor Palin. The ad featured video clips of Gov. Palin convention speech, Obama's remarks at the campaign event, and a clip of Katie Couric commenting on pervasive sexism in the campaign. After extensive discussion in the news media, the ad was removed from McCain's website and other video sites following a copyright claim by CBS news. <ref>[http://www.politico.com/blogs/bensmith/0908/CBS_takes_down_McCain_webad_suggests_its_misleading.html?showall]</ref>

Palin is a lightning rod to the established [[liberal]] women's movement. She, like many high profile conservative females, have taken much abuse from the left. Palin has been forced to set up a legal defense fund to help pay for fees related to an onslaught of ethic complaints, which are always frivolous. <ref>[http://primebuzz.kcstar.com/?q=node/18738 Palin blasts Obama administration: Government wants to "control the people"] CNN</ref> Because she is retiring from being governor of Alaska, the anti-American liberals pat themselves on the back in glee. Liberals don't understand yet, probably never will, that she is ''the'' typical conservative that the majority of Americans identify with. Her principles and her outlook on Americanism is a model for all future leaders.

Palin said of the people who have filed the complaints:
{{cquote| <big>'''Those are the folks who want to tell me, they want to tell you, to sit down and shut up. We will not do that. I just can't, because I love my state. I love my country.'''</big> }}

===Impact on Ticket===

In the run-up to the Vice-Presidential debate on October 2, 2008, a survey conducted by the Pew Research Center attempted to measure the degree to which Palin impacted the GOP ticket positively or negatively in September.<ref>http://people-press.org/report/456/obama-regains-lead</ref> The survey compared the answers to two identical questions about her qualifications and overall favorable/unfavorable rating between polls taken in early and late September. The results show that public opinion of Palin has fallen significantly since the Republican convention, particularly in the public's opinion of her qualification to be Vice President. Faced with a barrage of negative press attacks after her nomination, some prominent Republicans like [[Mitt Romney]] believe that the isolation of Palin from the media in September was a mistake, and are calling for an increase in unscripted encounters with the press and public to counter that perception. According to Romney, "Holding Sarah Palin to just three interviews and microscopically focusing on each interview I think has been a mistake. I think they’d be a lot wiser to let Sarah Palin be Sarah Palin. Let her talk to the media, let her talk to people." <ref>http://features.csmonitor.com/politics/2008/09/30/doubts-about-palin-grow-even-among-conservatives/</ref> Exit polling from the election itself had the final say on the matter of her impact on the ticket. For those who considered her nomination on the ticket to be unimportant, 57% voted for Obama. For those who considered her nomination to be important, 53% voted for Obama, thereby showing a positive overall impact on the ticket. Considering that exit polling tilts Democratic, the actual impact may have been greater.

==Future political prospects==
It is suspected that Palin may spend the next four years building a base for a 2012 run for the Republican nomination against Barack Obama. Given her personal charisma and Reagan-esque connection with average, conservative Americans, she may be able to pull off a resounding victory. <ref>[http://www.capitalcityweekly.com/stories/120308/new_363163237.shtml Sarah Palin hits Republican talking points while stumping in Georgia]</ref> Conservative groups have speculated possible running mates, including [[Michelle Bachmann]] and [[Sean Hannity]]. Others suspect she may again seek nomination as the Vice-presidential candidate,

==SarahPAC==

On January 27, 2009 Palin formed the political action committee (PAC) SarahPAC. The organization supports "energy independence and reform" and will endorse candidates who "share Governor Palin’s ideas and goals." <ref>http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=azCCxotgdG1E&refer=home</ref>

==Beliefs==
Palin filled out a policy questionnaire for the Eagle Forum Alaska during her 2006 gubernatorial race. One question asked, "Will you support funding for abstinence-until-marriage education instead of for explicit sex-education programs, school-based clinics, and the distribution of contraceptives in schools?" Palin responded, "Yes, the explicit sex-ed programs will not find my support." Yet [[public schools]] still resist teaching abstinence and instead promote sexual behavior by teenagers.

Another question asked, "Are you offended by the phrase 'Under God' in the Pledge of Allegiance? Why or why not?" Palin replied, "Not on your life. '''If it was good enough for the founding fathers''', it's good enough for me and I'll fight in defense of our Pledge of Allegiance."

Many liberals ignorant of the history of "under God" have tried to ridicule Palin's remark, even calling her an "idiot" for it.<ref>http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/michaeltomasky/2008/sep/01/week</ref><ref>The Pledge of Allegiance was written in 1892, and George Washington's phrase "under God" was added to it in June 1954.</ref> In fact, the origin of the phrase "under God" is the General Orders of [[George Washington]] on July 2 and 9, 1776: "The fate of unborn millions will now depend, under God, on the courage and conduct of this army" (July 2); "the peace and safety of the Country now depends, under God, solely on the success of our arms" (July 9).<ref>http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/003/264xqezm.asp?pg=2</ref> George Washington was indeed a [[Founding Father]], and the Founding Fathers made no secret of their Christian faith and unfailing belief in God in the [[Declaration of Independence]] and later writings.

Palin also believes that students need to learn of the controversy surrounding the [[Theory of evolution|Theory of evolution]], and that discussing Creationism should not be banned from schools. During the 2006 campaign for the Alaskan Governorship, Palin was answering a question from the moderator near the conclusion of Wednesday night's televised debate on KAKM Channel 7 when she said, "Teach both. You know, don't be afraid of information. Healthy debate is so important, and it's so valuable in our schools. I am a proponent of teaching both."<ref>http://dwb.adn.com/news/politics/elections/story/8347904p-8243554c.html</ref> She later clarified her position by stating "I don't think there should be a prohibition against debate if it comes up in class. It doesn't have to be part of the curriculum." She added that, if elected, she would not push the state Board of Education to add such creation-based alternatives to the state's required curriculum. As of September 2008 she has kept that pledge.

In an example of liberal mockery, the [[Huffington Post]] attempted to make light of Sarah Palin's creationist beliefs, highlighting the creationary belief that [[dinosaur|dinosaurs]] and man coexisted.<ref>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/09/28/palin-claimed-dinosaurs-a_n_130012.html</ref> SNL likewise did a skit in which they had her refer to the Museum of Natural History as "that evolution museum".

==Church Life==
Sarah Palin was baptized as a Roman Catholic and, at age 12, she was rebaptized in the Wasilla Assembly of God church. <ref>{{cite web
|accessdate=2008-08-30
|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/politics/la-na-mccainveepbio30-2008aug30,0,2159346.story
|title=Palin has risen quickly from PTA to VP pick
|author=Decker, Cathleen and Michael Finnegan,
|work=Los Angeles Times
|date=August 30, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
| last = Gorsk| first = Eric
| url = http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5g4-w_DCWffagBaQb8Il9a0R2hkPAD92SL7E00
| title = Evangelicals energized by McCain-Palin ticket
| publisher =Associated Press
| date = 2008-08-30
| accessdate = 2008-08-30}}</ref>

Palin attends the Wasilla Bible Church<ref>{{cite web |first=David |last=Pepper |title=Regarding Governor Palin: A Letter from Pastor David Pepper |url=http://churchontherockak.org/Regarding-Sarah-Palin.html |publisher=Church on the Rock |accessdate=2008-09-04}}</ref>, an independent congregation,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wasillabible.org/faq.htm |title=Wasilla Bible Church FAQ |accessdate=2008-09-05 |work= |publisher= |date= }}</ref><ref name="miller">Lisa Miller and Amanda Coyne. "[http://www.newsweek.com/id/156679 A Visit to Palin's Church: Scripture and discretion on the program in Wasilla]." ''Newsweek''. Sept. 2, 2008.</ref> when at home and the Juneau Christian Center when in Juneau as governor.<ref>{{cite web |title=Statement Concerning Sarah Palin |url=http://www.jccalaska.com/images/10000/3000/582JU/user/palin.htm |publisher=Juneau Christian Center |date=2008-09-03 |accessdate=2008-09-04}}</ref>

==Popularity==

Whether or not people say that they like Sarah Palin, they gravitate to see her. She earned the highest TV ratings at the Republican convention when she spoke, even surpassing McCain's acceptance speech, and matched Obama's acceptance speech when he was in front of a Greek temple with a stadium of people. As a Vice Presidential candidate, that was unprecedented. Likewise her Vice Presidential debate with Joe Biden had more viewers than any of the three debates between McCain and Obama. Finally, her brief appearance on Saturday Night Live gave the show its highest ratings in 14 years, and was actually the third highest ranked show for the week based on the number of people who tuned in originally to watch her, 17 million, even though it ran at midnight.<ref>http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2008/oct/20/ustelevision-tvratings</ref>

Palin has wrote a book entitled "Going Rogue". It is a number one best seller on Amazon.com and BarnesandNoble.com even though the release date is more than 45 days away. <ref>[http://www.audacityofhypocrisy.com/2009/10/01/amazing-palin%E2%80%99s-book-number-one-on-both-amazon-and-barnes-unprecedented/ Amazing: Palin’s book number one on both Amazon and Barnes & Noble bestseller list, Audacity of Hypocrisy, October 1, 2009]</ref>

==References==

{{reflist|2}}

==External Links==
[[Image:Palin.JPG|thumb]]
*[http://www.gov.state.ak.us/ State of Alaska - Governor Sarah Palin Official Website]
*[http://www.nga.org/portal/site/nga/menuitem.29fab9fb4add37305ddcbeeb501010a0/?vgnextoid=864bb9006da3f010VgnVCM1000001a01010aRCRD National Governor's Association - Alaska Governor Sarah Palin]
*[http://votesmart.org/bio.php?can_id=27200 Project Vote Smart - Governor Sarah H. Palin]
*[http://www.ontheissues.org/Sarah_Palin.htm Sarah Palin On the issues]
*[http://parentingfreedom.com/2008/09/03/sarah-palin-mother-and-first-female-vice-president-pictures-children-parenting/ Sarah Palin: Mother and First Female Vice President], ''Parenting Freedom'', September 03, 2008
*[http://churchformen.blogspot.com/2008/09/people-around-world-are-asking-who-is.html Sarah Palin, a friend of mine]
*[http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=NDE3MmE5MDVmMGM1YjQ2NmVhMjJkN2I2ZTcxMzhlNjU=&w=MA== I Still Hate You, Sarah Palin] National Review Online

{{DEFAULTSORT:Palin, Sarah}}

[[Category:Alaska Governors]]
[[Category:Republican Governors]]
[[Category:United States Mayors]]
[[Category:Women]]

User talk:N

2009-10-10T01:17:04Z

N: Repllies to Jpatt and JacobB

It's nice to see someone adding context links for the science stuff--there's a LOT of one-line entries that don't make any sense all by themselves. --[[User:Fullmetajacket|Fullmetajacket]] 00:21, 11 March 2007 (EST)

Thanks for all your work on categorization! [[User:MountainDew|MountainDew]] 01:12, 11 March 2007 (EST)

I'm pretty sure you guys are trying to talk to a bot LOL. [[User:Sulgran|Sulgran]] 06:58, 11 March 2007 (EDT)

:You're wrong about that, [[User:Sulgran|Sulgran]]. Anyway, [[User:Fullmetajacket|Fullmetajacket]] and [[User:MountainDew|MountainDew]], thanks for the kind words. It's really encouraging to get positive feedback. -- [[User:N|N]] 07:02, 11 March 2007 (EDT)

Welcome back, N!--[[User:Jpatt|Jpatt]] 00:21, 7 October 2009 (EDT)
:Thanks! -- [[User:N|N]] 21:17, 9 October 2009 (EDT)

==Your name==

I realize you were here two years ago, but now we have more users than ever. Can you make a request on [[User talk:Aschlafly]] to have your name changed to your real first name and last initial? [[User:JacobB|JacobB]] 13:45, 8 October 2009 (EDT)
:I would rather not, as I like this handle, and don't think it's likely to cause confusion. -- [[User:N|N]] 21:17, 9 October 2009 (EDT)

Mark 1-8 (Translated)

2009-10-10T01:14:28Z

N: /* Chapter 3 */ Continued the previous edit started by JacobB, as per the talk page under "Self-Proclaimed Elite"

==Chapter 1==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God;
|This is the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God.
|implicit subject-verb included, with greater conciseness; "gospel" seems preferable to "account" or "story"
|-
|2
|As it is written in the prophets, Behold, I send my messenger before thy face, which shall prepare thy way before thee.nta
|As prophesized, the Lord sent John the Baptist to prepare the World to receive His Son.
|should Isaiah be mentioned specifically?
|-
|3
|The voice of one crying in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Lord, make his paths straight.
|The messenger preaches among skeptics, "Prepare for the way of the Lord and make straight His path."
|
|-
|4
|John did baptize in the wilderness, and preach the baptism of repentance for the remission of sins.
|John did baptize in the desert, preaching repentance and the forgiveness of sins.
|conciseness and clarity: desert, not wilderness
|-
|5
|And there went out unto him all the land of Judaea, and they of Jerusalem, and were all baptized of him in the river of Jordan, confessing their sins.
|And countless people from the Judaea and Jerusalem went to him, confessing their sins and receiving baptism in the Jordan River.
|
|-
|6
|And John was clothed with camel's hair, and with a girdle of a skin about his loins; and he did eat locusts and wild honey;
|John survived on bare necessities, wearing a camel's hair habit with a leather belt; his food consisted of locusts and wild honey;
|
|-
|7
|And preached, saying, There cometh one mightier than I after me, the latchet of whose shoes I am not worthy to stoop down and unloose.
|And preached, declaring, "There will be someone so much greater that I am not even fit to stoop and untie his sandal straps."
|
|-
|8
|I indeed have baptized you with water: but he shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost.
|"I have baptized you with water, but He shall baptize you with the Divine Guide."
|tentatively using "Divine Guide" per talk page. "With the power of the" seems somewhat awkward.
|-
|9
|And it came to pass in those days, that Jesus came from Nazareth of Galilee, and was baptized of John in Jordan.
|Jesus then appeared from Nazareth of Galilee, and was baptized by John in the Jordan River.
|
|-
|10
|And straightway coming up out of the water, he saw the heavens opened, and the Spirit like a dove descending upon him:
|And as Jesus emerged from the water, the heavens opened and the Divine Guide descended like a dove upon Him:
|See 8.
|-
|11
|And there came a voice from heaven, saying, Thou art my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.
|A voice came from heaven declaring, "You are my beloved Son whom I love dearly."
|
|-
|12
|And immediately the Spirit driveth him into the wilderness.
|The Divine Guide then led Jesus into the desert.
|it was more a desert than a wilderness. See 8 re. Guide.
|-
|13
|And he was there in the wilderness forty days, tempted of Satan; and was with the wild beasts; and the angels ministered unto him.
|He remained in the desert for forty days, where Satan tempted Him; and was with wild animals as the angels protected Him.
|
|-
|14
|Now after that John was put in prison, Jesus came into Galilee, preaching the gospel of the kingdom of God,
|Next, after John was imprisoned, Jesus arrived in Galilee and preached the gospel of the kingdom of God,
|
|-
|15
|And saying, The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at hand: repent ye, and believe the gospel.
|Saying "The time is fulfilled and the kingdom of God is at hand. Repent and believe the good news."
|Gospel (good news) has come to refer to these works themselves, which could prove confusing.
|-
|16
|Now as he walked by the sea of Galilee, he saw Simon and Andrew his brother casting a net into the sea: for they were fishers.
|As He walked by the Sea of Galilee, He Saw Simon and his brother Andrew casting a net into the sea, for they were fishermen,
|
|-
|17
|And Jesus said unto them, Come ye after me, and I will make you to become fishers of men.
|And Jesus said to them, "Follow me, and I will make you fishers of men."
|
|-
|18
|And straightway they forsook their nets, and followed him.
|Setting aside their nets at once, they followed him.
|straightway and forsook are largely unused. Did forsake mean to simply "set aside" or more forcefully "abandon"?
|-
|19
|And when he had gone a little further thence, he saw James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, who also were in the ship mending their nets.
|When He had traveled a little further, He saw James, the son of Zebedee, and John, his brother, who were also in a ship, mending their nets.
|Is there a reason this uses "the ship" as opposed to "a ship"?
|-
|20
|And straightway he called them: and they left their father Zebedee in the ship with the hired servants, and went after him.
|He called to them, and they left their father Zebedee and his workers aboard the ship, and went after Jesus.
|"hired servant" antiquated. Aboard a ship, it could be workers, employees, or simply crew.
|-
|21
|And they went into Capernaum; and straightway on the sabbath day he entered into the synagogue, and taught.
|They went into Capernaum and He entered the synagogue on the sabbath to teach.
|
|-
|22
|And they were astonished at his doctrine: for he taught them as one that had authority, and not as the scribes.
|There, the listeners were astonished by his doctrine, for He taught as a man of great authority, not as a scribe.
|"They" is a needlessly vague term for the audience
|-
|23
|And there was in their synagogue a man with an unclean spirit; and he cried out,
|A possessed man was in the synagogue shouting,
|
|-
|24
|Saying, Let us alone; what have we to do with thee, thou Jesus of Nazareth? art thou come to destroy us? I know thee who thou art, the Holy One of God.
|"Let us alone, Jesus of Nazareth, for we're none of your business. Have you come to destroy us? I know who you are, the Holy One of God."
|
|-
|25
|And Jesus rebuked him, saying, Hold thy peace, and come out of him.
|Jesus then rebuked the evil spirit, "Shut up and depart from him."
|Isn't the evil spirit better translated as "Satan"? Perhaps that's not fully justified.
|-
|26
|And when the unclean spirit had torn him, and cried with a loud voice, he came out of him.
|The evil spirit then ripped away from the possessed man, cried out in a loud voice, and came out of him.
|
|-
|27
|And they were all amazed, insomuch that they questioned among themselves, saying, What thing is this? what new doctrine is this? for with authority commandeth he even the unclean spirits, and they do obey him.
|The bystanders were all amazed, and asked each other, "What explains this? Is this a new doctrine? He acted with authority in ordering the evil spirits, and they obeyed him!"
|
|-
|28
|And immediately his fame spread abroad throughout all the region round about Galilee.
|Jesus's fame spread immediately throughout Galilee.
|
|-
|29
|And forthwith, when they were come out of the synagogue, they entered into the house of Simon and Andrew, with James and John.
|As soon as Jesus's group left the synagogue, they entered along with James and John the home of Simon and Andrew.
|
|-
|30
|But Simon's wife's mother lay sick of a fever, and anon they tell him of her.
|But Simon's mother-in-law was in bed sick with a fever, and Jesus was told.
|
|-
|31
|And he came and took her by the hand, and lifted her up; and immediately the fever left her, and she ministered unto them.
|So he came and, taking her by her hand, helped her stand up; whereupon the fever immediately passed, and she served the others.
|
|-
|32
|And at even, when the sun did set, they brought unto him all that were diseased, and them that were possessed with devils.
|At sundown the people brought to Jesus many sick people, and many possessed by the devil,
|
|-
|33
|And all the city was gathered together at the door.
|And all the city's people gathered at his door.
|
|-
|34
|And he healed many that were sick of divers diseases, and cast out many devils; and suffered not the devils to speak, because they knew him.
|Jesus healed many who were diseased, and he cast out many devils; he commanded the devils to be silent, because they knew Jesus as God.
|
|-
|35
|And in the morning, rising up a great while before day, he went out, and departed into a solitary place, and there prayed.
|In the early morning, before dawn, he left to pray in a solitary place.
|
|-
|36
|And Simon and they that were with him followed after him.
|Simon and the others followed him,
|
|-
|37
|And when they had found him, they said unto him, All men seek for thee.
|And seeing him said, "All men wish to find you."
|Seems a bit awkward
|-
|38
|And he said unto them, Let us go into the next towns, that I may preach there also: for therefore came I forth.
|Jesus replied, "Let us travel to the next towns, so I may preach in them too, for that is the reason I came."
|
|-
|39
|And he preached in their synagogues throughout all Galilee, and cast out devils.
|And he preached in the synagogues and cast out devils throughout Galilee.
|
|-
|40
|And there came a leper to him, beseeching him, and kneeling down to him, and saying unto him, If thou wilt, thou canst make me clean.
|A leper came to him, kneeling and imploring him, saying, "If you wish it, you can cure my illness."
|"Make clean" replaced with the modern concept "cure." Does this change/mask the meaning?
|-
|41
|And Jesus, moved with compassion, put forth his hand, and touched him, and saith unto him, I will; be thou clean.
|Jesus was moved by compassion, and putting out his hand to touch him, replied, "I will. Be cured."
|See 40.
|-
|42
|And as soon as he had spoken, immediately the leprosy departed from him, and he was cleansed.
|Immediately after Jesus had spoken, the leprosy departed the man, and he was cured.
|See 40.
|-
|43
|And he straitly charged him, and forthwith sent him away;
|Jesus ordered him to leave at once;
|
|-
|44
|And saith unto him, See thou say nothing to any man: but go thy way, shew thyself to the priest, and offer for thy cleansing those things which Moses commanded, for a testimony unto them.
|And said to him, "Tell no one, but be on your way and show yourself to the priest, offering in thanks for your healing what Moses commanded and this will serve as testimony to others."
|
|-
|45
|But he went out, and began to publish it much, and to blaze abroad the matter, insomuch that Jesus could no more openly enter into the city, but was without in desert places: and they came to him from every quarter.
|But the cured man immediately announced to all what had happened, and the publicity made it impossible for Jesus to move about; he withdrew to the desert, but the people still came to him from everywhere.
|
|}

==Chapter 2==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And again he entered into Capernaum, after some days; and it was noised that he was in the house.
|He returned to Capernaum and, after several days there, news spread of where he was staying.
|Extremely archaic phrase (Noised, in the house) replaced with equivalent
|-
|2
|And straightway many were gathered together, insomuch that there was no room to receive them, no, not so much as about the door: and he preached the word unto them.
|A large crowd immediately filled the room to capacity, so many that the door was too jammed for access by others, as he preached the truth.
|
|-
|3
|And they come unto him, bringing one sick of the palsy, which was borne of four.
|They brought him a man suffering from palsy, carried by four men.
|
|-
|4
|And when they could not come nigh unto him for the press, they uncovered the roof where he was: and when they had broken it up, they let down the bed wherein the sick of the palsy lay.
|Finding they could not reach him, because the crowd was so thick, they removed the roof above him and, when they had done so, lowered the palsied man in his bed.
|
|-
|5
|When Jesus saw their faith, he said unto the sick of the palsy, Son, thy sins be forgiven thee.
|Seeing their faith in him, he told the palsied man, "Son, your sins are forgiven."
|
|-
|6
|But there were certain of the scribes sitting there, and reasoning in their hearts,
|Yet among the assembled scribes were those who thought to themselves,
|
|-
|7
|Why doth this man thus speak blasphemies? who can forgive sins but God only?
|"Why is this man speaking such blasphemy? Who can forgive our sins but God himself?"
|
|-
|8
|And immediately when Jesus perceived in his spirit that they so reasoned within themselves, he said unto them, Why reason ye these things in your hearts?
|Jesus perceived immediately what the intellectual types were thinking, and he asked them, "Why are you so hostile to this?
|the hostility was to the forgiveness
|-
|9
|Whether is it easier to say to the sick of the palsy, Thy sins be forgiven thee; or to say, Arise, and take up thy bed, and walk?
|Is it easier to tell a paralyzed man that his sins are forgiven, or to pick up his bed and walk?
|
|-
|10
|But that ye may know that the Son of man hath power on earth to forgive sins, (he saith to the sick of the palsy,)
|But to remove any doubt about the Son of man's power on earth to forgive sins," he next said to the paralyzed man,
|
|-
|11
|I say unto thee, Arise, and take up thy bed, and go thy way into thine house.
|"Get up, carry your bed, and go home!"
|
|-
|12
|And immediately he arose, took up the bed, and went forth before them all; insomuch that they were all amazed, and glorified God, saying, We never saw it on this fashion.
|He got up, carried his bed, and left. Amazed, they all praised God, "We've never seen such a thing before."
|Very archaic phrasing
|-
|13
|And he went forth again by the sea side; and all the multitude resorted unto him, and he taught them.
|Jesus continued along the seaside, and taught the crowds that gathered around him.
|
|-
|14
|And as he passed by, he saw Levi the son of Alphaeus sitting at the receipt of custom, and said unto him, Follow me. And he arose and followed him.
|He passed Levi, son of Alphaeus, at a tax office and told him, "Follow me." Levi arose and followed.
|
|-
|15
|And it came to pass, that, as Jesus sat at meat in his house, many publicans and sinners sat also together with Jesus and his disciples: for there were many, and they followed him.
|Jesus then dined with a great many tax collectors and sinners who chose to follow him.
|Modern form of publican?
|-
|16
|And when the scribes and Pharisees saw him eat with publicans and sinners, they said unto his disciples, How is it that he eateth and drinketh with publicans and sinners?
|Seeing him eating with the tax collectors and sinners, the Pharisees and intellectuals demanded of his disciples, "Why does he eat and drink with these tax collectors and sinners?"
|
|-
|17
|When Jesus heard it, he saith unto them, They that are whole have no need of the physician, but they that are sick: I came not to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance.
|Hearing this, Jesus replied, "It is not the healthy but the sick that need a doctor. I have not come to call the righteous to repent, but instead the sinners."
|
|-
|18
|And the disciples of John and of the Pharisees used to fast: and they come and say unto him, Why do the disciples of John and of the Pharisees fast, but thy disciples fast not?
|As the Pharisees and John's disciples fasted, they came and asked of him, "Why do they fast, but your disciples do not?"
|
|-
|19
|And Jesus said unto them, Can the children of the bridechamber fast, while the bridegroom is with them? as long as they have the bridegroom with them, they cannot fast.
|To this Jesus replied, "Why should the children in the bridechamber fast so long as the bridegroom is among them? While he remains, they have no cause to fast."
|"Cannot" implies impossibility, rather than lack of necessity. They have no cause to fast so long as the Son is with them.
|-
|20
|But the days will come, when the bridegroom shall be taken away from them, and then shall they fast in those days.
|"Soon it will be that the bridegroom will be taken from them, and only then will they fast."
|
|-
|21
|No man also seweth a piece of new cloth on an old garment: else the new piece that filled it up taketh away from the old, and the rent is made worse.
|"No man patches old clothing with a new piece of cloth, as it will pull apart as it ages, making the tear worse."
|
|-
|22
|And no man putteth new wine into old bottles: else the new wine doth burst the bottles, and the wine is spilled, and the bottles will be marred: but new wine must be put into new bottles.
|"No man puts new wine in old bottles, as new wine bursts the bottles, spilling the wine and damaging the bottles. New wine must be put into new bottles."
|
|-
|23
|And it came to pass, that he went through the corn fields on the sabbath day; and his disciples began, as they went, to pluck the ears of corn.
|On the sabbath his disciples plucked ears of corn as he traveled among the corn fields,
|
|-
|24
|And the Pharisees said unto him, Behold, why do they on the sabbath day that which is not lawful?
|and the Pharisees cried, "Look, why do the break the law on the Sabbath?"
|
|-
|25
|And he said unto them, Have ye never read what David did, when he had need, and was an hungred, he, and they that were with him?
|To this Jesus replied, "Haven't you read what David and his allies did, when he was hungry and in need?"
|
|-
|26
|How he went into the house of God in the days of Abiathar the high priest, and did eat the shewbread, which is not lawful to eat but for the priests, and gave also to them which were with him?
|"How he went into God's temple, in the times of the high priest Abiathar, and ate the blessed bread - the bread which only priests are allowed to eat - and fed his allies with it?"
|
|-
|27
|And he said unto them, The sabbath was made for man, and not man for the sabbath:
|Jesus told them, "The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath,
|clarifies role of Sabbath, against slavish observation to the point of hurting man
|-
|28
|Therefore the Son of man is Lord also of the sabbath.
|and thus the Son of man is also Lord of the Sabbath."
|
|}

==Chapter 3==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And he entered again into the synagogue; and there was a man there which had a withered hand.
|Jesus returned to the synagogue, and noticed man with a crippled hand.
|
|-
|2
|And they watched him, whether he would heal him on the sabbath day; that they might accuse him.
|The Pharisees watched Jesus to see if they might catch and accuse him of healing on the Sabbath.
|See talk.
|-
|3
|And he saith unto the man which had the withered hand, Stand forth.
|Jesus told the man with the crippled hand, "Stand up in front of everyone."
|
|-
|4
|And he saith unto them, Is it lawful to do good on the sabbath days, or to do evil? to save life, or to kill? But they held their peace.
|Jesus asked the Pharisees, "Which is lawful on the Sabbath: doing good or evil? Saving a life, or killing one?" The Pharisees did not answer.
|
|-
|5
|And when he had looked round about on them with anger, being grieved for the hardness of their hearts, he saith unto the man, Stretch forth thine hand. And he stretched it out: and his hand was restored whole as the other.
|Jesus looked at them, feeling anger and pity for the hardness of their hearts, and said to the injured man, "Open your hand." He then opened and held out his hand, and it was as good as new.
|
|-
|6
|And the Pharisees went forth, and straightway took counsel with the Herodians against him, how they might destroy him.
|The Pharisees then fled from the scene to plot with Herod's people against Jesus, and plan how they might destroy him.
|
|-
|7
|But Jesus withdrew himself with his disciples to the sea: and a great multitude from Galilee followed him, and from Judaea,
|Jesus then departed for the quiet of a lake, but crowds from Galilee and Judaea followed him,
|"lake" better than a "sea"
|-
|8
|And from Jerusalem, and from Idumaea, and from beyond Jordan; and they about Tyre and Sidon, a great multitude, when they had heard what great things he did, came unto him.
|And crowds went to Jesus from Jerusalem, Idumea, Tyre and Sidon, and from beyond the Jordan River, after hearing of his great deeds for the sick.
|modernize spelling: Idumaea -> Idumea
|-
|9
|And he spake to his disciples, that a small ship should wait on him because of the multitude, lest they should throng him.
|Jesus asked his disciples for a small boat that would enable him to keep a distance from pressing crowds
|
|-
|10
|For he had healed many; insomuch that they pressed upon him for to touch him, as many as had plagues.
|Jesus had healed many, causing the the diseased to nearly trample him as they sought his touch as a cure.
|a bit awkward, could be improved
|-
|11
|And unclean spirits, when they saw him, fell down before him, and cried, saying, Thou art the Son of God.
|Upon seeing Jesus, evil spirits fell down before him crying, "You are the Son of God!"
|need to add something to convey that these spirits possessed people
|-
|12
|And he straitly charged them that they should not make him known.
|But Jesus strictly commanded them not to tell others who he was.
|
|-
|13
|And he goeth up into a mountain, and calleth unto him whom he would: and they came unto him.
|He then walked up a mountain, calling his Apostles to follow him, and they did.
|
|-
|14
|And he ordained twelve, that they should be with him, and that he might send them forth to preach,
|He appointed twelve to be with him, so he could send them to preach to the world,
|
|-
|15
|And to have power to heal sicknesses, and to cast out devils:
|and to have power to heal the sick and cast out demons from the possessed:
|
|-
|16
|And Simon he surnamed Peter;
|Jesus gave the name of Peter to Simon
|
|-
|17
|And James the son of Zebedee, and John the brother of James; and he surnamed them Boanerges, which is, The sons of thunder:
|James and his brother John, the sons of Zebedee, Jesus named them "Boanerges," which means "The Sons of Thunder":
|
|-
|18
|And Andrew, and Philip, and Bartholomew, and Matthew, and Thomas, and James the son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus, and Simon the Canaanite,
|And also appointed were Andrew, Philip, Bartholomew, Matthew, Thomas, James the son of Alphaeus, Thaddaeus, and Simon the Canaanite,
|
|-
|19
|And Judas Iscariot, which also betrayed him: and they went into an house.
|And Judas Iscariot, who was to betray Jesus: and they all entered a house
|note how the [[KJV]] uses "which" for persons, rather than the more respectful "who"; the KJV also uses "an" rather than "a" before a word that begins with "h"
|-
|20
|And the multitude cometh together again, so that they could not so much as eat bread.
|But the crowd pressed upon them so much that they could not even eat.
|
|-
|21
|And when his friends heard of it, they went out to lay hold on him: for they said, He is beside himself.
|When Jesus's own family heard of this, they went to rescue him, saying, "He is out of his mind."
|note how even Jesus's own family felt less of him
|-
|22
|And the scribes which came down from Jerusalem said, He hath Beelzebub, and by the prince of the devils casteth he out devils.
|Jerusalem intellectuals came also, smearing Jesus by saying "He has Beelzebub and casts out devils by the power of the devil!"
|translate Beelzebub better?
|-
|23
|And he called them unto him, and said unto them in parables, How can Satan cast out Satan?
|But Jesus called them together and taught in parables, and asked "How can Satan cast out Satan?"
|
|-
|24
|And if a kingdom be divided against itself, that kingdom cannot stand.
|"A kingdom divided against itself cannot stand."
|
|-
|25
|And if a house be divided against itself, that house cannot stand.
|"Nor can a house divided against itself stand."
|
|-
|26
|And if Satan rise up against himself, and be divided, he cannot stand, but hath an end.
|"So if Satan were divided against himself, he could not stand, and would perish."
|
|-
|27
|No man can enter into a strong man's house, and spoil his goods, except he will first bind the strong man; and then he will spoil his house.
|"No one can break into a well-armed man's house to destroy his property, unless he first tie the man down. Only then can he damage his home."
| "Strong" replaced with modern equivalent of defended
|-
|28
|Verily I say unto you, All sins shall be forgiven unto the sons of men, and blasphemies wherewith soever they shall blaspheme:
|I tell you, "All the sons of men will be forgiven their sins and their blasphemies,"
|
|-
|29
|But he that shall blaspheme against the Holy Ghost hath never forgiveness, but is in danger of eternal damnation:
|"But any man who blasphemes against the Divine Guide will never be forgiven, but risks eternal damnation."
|
|-
|30
|Because they said, He hath an unclean spirit.
|This Jesus told them because they lied, "He has an evil spirit."
|
|-
|31
|There came then his brethren and his mother, and, standing without, sent unto him, calling him.
|His mother and his brothers, who were standing outside, asked to see him.
|
|-
|32
|And the multitude sat about him, and they said unto him, Behold, thy mother and thy brethren without seek for thee.
|The crowd around Jesus said to him, "Your mother and brothers are outside, looking for you."
|
|-
|33
|And he answered them, saying, Who is my mother, or my brethren?
|To which he responded, "Who is my mother, or my brothers?"
|
|-
|34
|And he looked round about on them which sat about him, and said, Behold my mother and my brethren!
|Then, looking around at the gathered crowed, he said, "You are my mother and brothers!"
|
|-
|35
|For whosoever shall do the will of God, the same is my brother, and my sister, and mother.
|Whoever does the will of God qualifies as my brother, sister or mother.
|
|}

==Chapter 4==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And he began again to teach by the sea side: and there was gathered unto him a great multitude, so that he entered into a ship, and sat in the sea; and the whole multitude was by the sea on the land.
|Jesus returned to teaching again on the seashore, but the crowd was so overwhelming that he turned a boat into a makeshift pulpit while the people pressed to the shoreline.
|
|-
|2
|And he taught them many things by parables, and said unto them in his doctrine,
|He taught them many things, using parables, and told them,
|
|-
|3
|Hearken; Behold, there went out a sower to sow:
|"Listen. A farmer went out to sow a crop."
|
|-
|4
|And it came to pass, as he sowed, some fell by the way side, and the fowls of the air came and devoured it up.
|"As he sowed, some seed was scattered on the path, which was eaten by the bird."
|
|-
|5
|And some fell on stony ground, where it had not much earth; and immediately it sprang up, because it had no depth of earth:
|"Some fell on stony ground, which lacked deep soil, and grew quickly."
|
|-
|6
|But when the sun was up, it was scorched; and because it had no root, it withered away.
|"But once the sun was out, it was scorched and withered away, as its root was too shallow."
|
|-
|7
|And some fell among thorns, and the thorns grew up, and choked it, and it yielded no fruit.
|"Some was scattered among weeds, which choked it, and it didn't produce fruit."
|
|-
|8
|And other fell on good ground, and did yield fruit that sprang up and increased; and brought forth, some thirty, and some sixty, and some an hundred.
|"But some seed fell upon good soil and produced a great deal of fruit, thirty, sixty, even one-hundred times the original investment."
|Clear language of "increase"
|-
|9
|And he said unto them, He that hath ears to hear, let him hear.
|Then Jesus said to them, "let any man who has ears hear."
|
|-
|10
|And when he was alone, they that were about him with the twelve asked of him the parable.
|Privately a few along with the twelve Apostles asked Jesus about the parable.
|
|-
|11
|And he said unto them, Unto you it is given to know the mystery of the kingdom of God: but unto them that are without, all these things are done in parables:
|He said to them, "You have been granted insight into the kingdom of God, but to others the parables contain the mysteries:
|
|-
|12
|That seeing they may see, and not perceive; and hearing they may hear, and not understand; lest at any time they should be converted, and their sins should be forgiven them.
|that they may see but not perceive and hear but not understand; yet should they convert, then their sins shall be forgiven."
|translating this verse is a big challenge
|-
|13
|And he said unto them, Know ye not this parable? and how then will ye know all parables?
|Then he asked them, "Don't you understand this parable? If not, how can you understand all of the other parables?"
|
|-
|14
|The sower soweth the word.
|"The farmer plants the truth."
|
|-
|15
|And these are they by the way side, where the word is sown; but when they have heard, Satan cometh immediately, and taketh away the word that was sown in their hearts.
|"As for the people who are on the path, where the seeds are scattered, Satan comes as soon they have heard the truth, and takes it from their hearts."
|
|-
|16
|And these are they likewise which are sown on stony ground; who, when they have heard the word, immediately receive it with gladness;
|"Likewise with those planted on the stony ground. When they hear the truth, they receive it with joy,"
|
|-
|17
|And have no root in themselves, and so endure but for a time: afterward, when affliction or persecution ariseth for the word's sake, immediately they are offended.
|"But they have little self-mastery, so they endure in the truth only briefly. Afterward, when they must face persecution or harm for the sake of the truth, they abandon it.
|"root in themselves" made clearer for modern english readers
|-
|18
|And these are they which are sown among thorns; such as hear the word,
|"Then there are those planted among the thorns. They hear the word,"
|
|-
|19
|And the cares of this world, and the deceitfulness of riches, and the lusts of other things entering in, choke the word, and it becometh unfruitful.
|"But because of worldly concerns, the deceit of wealth, and other desires, the truth is suffocated and cannot bear fruit."
|
|-
|20
|And these are they which are sown on good ground; such as hear the word, and receive it, and bring forth fruit, some thirtyfold, some sixty, and some an hundred.
|"Finally are those planted in good ground. They hear the truth, accept it, and produce good fruit in their turn. Sometimes thirty, sixty, or even one hundred times more."
|
|-
|21
|And he said unto them, Is a candle brought to be put under a bushel, or under a bed? and not to be set on a candlestick?
|Then he asked them, "Do we light candles only to hide them under a box or a bed, rather than to place them on candlesticks?"
|Bushel has come to mean a measure, rather than an object containing that measure
|-
|22
|For there is nothing hid, which shall not be manifested; neither was any thing kept secret, but that it should come abroad.
|Nothing is hidden which will not be brought to light. Likewise any secret kept will soon become known."
|
|-
|23
|If any man have ears to hear, let him hear.
|"If a man is open-minded, let him hear the truth."
|
|-
|24
|And he said unto them, Take heed what ye hear: with what measure ye mete, it shall be measured to you: and unto you that hear shall more be given.
|Then he said to them, "Be careful of what you listen to. Whichever measure you apply, you shall be measured accordingly, and those of you who listen will be given more."
|
|-
|25
|For he that hath, to him shall be given: and he that hath not, from him shall be taken even that which he hath.
|"He who has will be given, while he doesn't will see that little which he has taken from him."
|
|-
|26
|And he said, So is the kingdom of God, as if a man should cast seed into the ground;
|"The kingdom of God is the same way. If someone sows seed on the ground,"
|
|-
|27
|And should sleep, and rise night and day, and the seed should spring and grow up, he knoweth not how.
|"And goes to sleep and waits several days, plants will spring from the seeds, though he doesn't know how."
|
|-
|28
|For the earth bringeth forth fruit of herself; first the blade, then the ear, after that the full corn in the ear.
|"Because it is the earth that brings forth the fruit: first a blade, then an ear of corn, then the corn itself."
|
|-
|29
|But when the fruit is brought forth, immediately he putteth in the sickle, because the harvest is come.
|"And when the fruit has been produced, he brings out the sickle and harvests his produce."
|
|-
|30
|And he said, Whereunto shall we liken the kingdom of God? or with what comparison shall we compare it?
|Then he said, "What will we say God's kingdom is like? What comparison can we use?
|Modernizing language and word order
|-
|31
|It is like a grain of mustard seed, which, when it is sown in the earth, is less than all the seeds that be in the earth:
|It's like a single mustard seed, which is smaller than all other seeds on earth when placed in the ground,
|
|-
|32
|But when it is sown, it groweth up, and becometh greater than all herbs, and shooteth out great branches; so that the fowls of the air may lodge under the shadow of it.
|But once planted, it grows larger than all the other herbs and grows large branches, so the birds can shelter under its shadow."
|
|-
|33
|And with many such parables spake he the word unto them, as they were able to hear it.
|He used many parables like this one to preach God's word in a way that they could understand.
|Make clear that it's God's word, and that 'hear' means 'understand' in this context.
|-
|34
|But without a parable spake he not unto them: and when they were alone, he expounded all things to his disciples.
|He would only speak to the multitude in the form of parables; but when He was alone with His disciples, he explained the parables' true meaning to them.
|Some exposition to make meaning clearer.
|-
|35
|And the same day, when the even was come, he saith unto them, Let us pass over unto the other side.
|Later that day, around sunset, He said to His disciples: "Let's cross over to the opposite shore."
|Modernized word choices.
|-
|36
|And when they had sent away the multitude, they took him even as he was in the ship. And there were also with him other little ships.
|They dismissed the crowd, and then cast off in the boat where Jesus had been preaching, with Jesus still on board. Some other boats also went with them.
|'even as he was' needs some explanation for the modern reader.
|-
|37
|And there arose a great storm of wind, and the waves beat into the ship, so that it was now full.
|Suddenly a fierce storm came, with strong winds. Waves started to break over the boat, so that it began to fill with water.
|Boat can't have been literally full as we would think of it, as Jesus was asleep on a pillow (see next verse).
|-
|38
|And he was in the hinder part of the ship, asleep on a pillow: and they awake him, and say unto him, Master, carest thou not that we perish?
|Jesus was sleeping on a cushion in the back of the boat. They woke him saying, "Master, don't you care that we'll capsize and drown?"
|Could say "stern" rather than "back of the boat," but nautical terminology is unfamiliar to many.
|-
|39
|And he arose, and rebuked the wind, and said unto the sea, Peace, be still. And the wind ceased, and there was a great calm.
|He got up and rebuked the wind, and commanded the sea, "Peace, be still." The wind then stopped, and there was complete calm.
|
|-
|40
|And he said unto them, Why are ye so fearful? how is it that ye have no faith?
|He asked them, "Why are you so afraid? What is the reason for your lack of faith?"
|
|-
|41
|And they feared exceedingly, and said one to another, What manner of man is this, that even the wind and the sea obey him?
|Filled with trepidation, they asked each other: "What kind of man is he, such that even the wind and sea obey him?
|
|}

==Chapter 5==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And they came over unto the other side of the sea, into the country of the Gadarenes.
|They reached the other side of the lake, which was in the area where the Gadarenes lived.
|'area' clearer than 'country' to today's reader
|-
|2
|And when he was come out of the ship, immediately there met him out of the tombs a man with an unclean spirit,
|As Jesus disembarked the boat, he was immediately confronted by a possessed man,
|
|-
|3
|Who had his dwelling among the tombs; and no man could bind him, no, not with chains:
|who was homeless and slept in a cemetery; no man had the strength to restrain him, not even with chains:
|avoid feminist style of seeking gender neutrality by replacing "man" with "one"; the reference is obviously to men not being able to restrain him, not to women
|-
|4
|Because that he had been often bound with fetters and chains, and the chains had been plucked asunder by him, and the fetters broken in pieces: neither could any man tame him.
|Many times, he had been restrained by ropes and chains, but he had thrown off the chains and broken the ropes to pieces. No man could tame him.
|"Fetters" has become identical to chains, thus redundant. Original concept was anything restrictive, ie rope.
|-
|5
|And always, night and day, he was in the mountains, and in the tombs, crying, and cutting himself with stones.
|Day and night he roamed the mountains and tombs, crying out and cutting himself with stones.
|
|-
|6
|But when he saw Jesus afar off, he ran and worshipped him,
|But when he glimpsed Jesus at a distance, he ran up to him to worship him.
|
|-
|7
|And cried with a loud voice, and said, What have I to do with thee, Jesus, thou Son of the most high God? I adjure thee by God, that thou torment me not.
|He cried out loudly, "What am I to you, Jesus, Son of the omnipotent God? I beg you in God's name not to torment me."
|Archaic language (adjure)
|-
|8
|For he said unto him, Come out of the man, thou unclean spirit.
|Because Jesus had proclaimed, "Leave that man, evil spirit."
|"evil" spirit seems preferable to "unclean" spirit; perhaps the "Devil" or "demon" would be better still
|-
|9
|And he asked him, What is thy name? And he answered, saying, My name is Legion: for we are many.
|Jesus asked him, "What is your name?" He answered, "My name is 'Legion', because we are many."
|
|-
|10
|And he besought him much that he would not send them away out of the country.
|He begged Jesus not to expel him from the area.
|"Area" better than the modern meaning of "country"; nationality was not an issue here.
|-
|11
|Now there was there nigh unto the mountains a great herd of swine feeding.
|Near the mountains where they were, a large herd of pigs was feeding.
|Pigs more modern than archaic swine
|-
|12
|And all the devils besought him, saying, Send us into the swine, that we may enter into them.
|The demons all begged Jesus, "Move us to the pigs, so that we may possess them."
|
|-
|13
|And forthwith Jesus gave them leave. And the unclean spirits went out, and entered into the swine: and the herd ran violently down a steep place into the sea, (they were about two thousand;) and were choked in the sea.
|Jesus then granted the demons' wish to enter the pigs. The demons left the man and to possess the herd of nearly two thousand pigs, which then committed suicide by running violently down a steep embankment to drown in the sea.
|could be improved further
|-
|14
|And they that fed the swine fled, and told it in the city, and in the country. And they went out to see what it was that was done.
|Those in charge of the pigs fled and told everyone in the town and countryside. People then went to see for themselves what had happened.
|
|-
|15
|And they come to Jesus, and see him that was possessed with the devil, and had the legion, sitting, and clothed, and in his right mind: and they were afraid.
|They saw Jesus and the man formerly possessed, who was in his right mind and sitting peacefully, fully dressed; the people became afraid upon seeing him.
|
|-
|16
|And they that saw it told them how it befell to him that was possessed with the devil, and also concerning the swine.
|Witnesses to the exorcism described for the people how the devil left the man and entered the pigs.
|
|-
|17
|And they began to pray him to depart out of their coasts.
|The terrified people began to pray that Jesus leave their area.
|
|-
|18
|And when he was come into the ship, he that had been possessed with the devil prayed him that he might be with him.
|The man who had been possessed came to Jesus' boat, and begged Jesus to let him join His disciples.
|Some explanation here to ensure clarity.
|-
|19
|Howbeit Jesus suffered him not, but saith unto him, Go home to thy friends, and tell them how great things the Lord hath done for thee, and hath had compassion on thee.
|Instead, Jesus told him, "Return home to your friends, and tell them how the Lord has done wonders for you with compassion."
|avoid dilution of the name "Lord"
|-
|20
|And he departed, and began to publish in Decapolis how great things Jesus had done for him: and all men did marvel.
|So the man left and told many in Decapolis about Jesus's great works for him, to the amazement of all men.
|"told many" is better than "publish"; also, avoid feminist change of "men" to "people"
|-
|21
|And when Jesus was passed over again by ship unto the other side, much people gathered unto him: and he was nigh unto the sea.
|As a result a huge crowd was awaiting Jesus on the opposite coast as he crossed by boat, keeping him on the seashore.
|might be a better word for "keeping", such as "pinning"
|-
|22
|And, behold, there cometh one of the rulers of the synagogue, Jairus by name; and when he saw him, he fell at his feet,
|Incredibly, Jairus, one of the leaders of the synagogue, joined the crowd. When he saw Jesus, he threw himself at His feet,
|Difficult to get the sense of 'Behold' - presume it means that everyone in the crowd turned to look. Another view: translate "behold" as "incredibly", because I think it is a word targeted at the reader rather than describing the crowd
|-
|23
|And besought him greatly, saying, My little daughter lieth at the point of death: I pray thee, come and lay thy hands on her, that she may be healed; and she shall live.
|and begged Him urgently, saying "My little daughter is about to die - please come and put your hands on her, so that she will be healed; and then she will live."
|minor modernizations to the language.
|-
|24
|And Jesus went with him; and much people followed him, and thronged him.
|Jesus accompanied him; many followed Jesus, hording around Him.
|"thronged him" = "hoarded around him"?
|-
|25
|And a certain woman, which had an issue of blood twelve years,
|One woman who had suffered from hemorrhages for twelve years,
|
|-
|26
|And had suffered many things of many physicians, and had spent all that she had, and was nothing bettered, but rather grew worse,
|and had suffered further from mistreatments by doctors, having spent all she had on them without any improvement; her condition even worsened.
|style could be improved here
|-
|27
|When she had heard of Jesus, came in the press behind, and touched his garment.
|When she heard of Jesus she crowded behind Him and touched his clothes,
|
|-
|28
|For she said, If I may touch but his clothes, I shall be whole.
|Because as she had said, "If I can just touch His clothes, I will be restored to good health."
|'whole' meaning 'restored to health'
|-
|29
|And straightway the fountain of her blood was dried up; and she felt in her body that she was healed of that plague.
|Instantly the blood dried up, and she felt cured of her illness.
|
|-
|30
|And Jesus, immediately knowing in himself that virtue had gone out of him, turned him about in the press, and said, Who touched my clothes?
|Jesus immediately realized that power discharged from him, and turned to the pressing crowd to say, "Who touched my clothes?"
|"power discharged" - suggestions to improve?
|-
|31
|And his disciples said unto him, Thou seest the multitude thronging thee, and sayest thou, Who touched me?
|Astonished by the question, His disciples replied, "You see the huge crowd pressing against you, and yet you ask, 'Who touched me'"?
|probably a better way to convey the point than by adding the phrase "astonished by the question"
|-
|32
|And he looked round about to see her that had done this thing.
|Jesus turned and scanned the crowd to find her.
|
|-
|33
|But the woman fearing and trembling, knowing what was done in her, came and fell down before him, and told him all the truth.
|But the terrified, trembling woman, aware of the miracle, came and bowed at Jesus's feet, and told him the entire truth.
|
|-
|34
|And he said unto her, Daughter, thy faith hath made thee whole; go in peace, and be whole of thy plague.
|Jesus said to her: "Daughter, you have been healed because of your faith. Go with peace of mind, and live a life free from that terrible disease."
|Use a more current alternative to 'go in peace'? I put in "with peace of mind"; further improvements welcome.
|-
|35
|While he yet spake, there came from the ruler of the synagogue's house certain which said, Thy daughter is dead: why troublest thou the Master any further?
|As Jesus spoke, people told the synagogue leader, "Your daughter has died. Why bother this teacher about this?"
|
|-
|36
|As soon as Jesus heard the word that was spoken, he saith unto the ruler of the synagogue, Be not afraid, only believe.
|But as soon as Jesus heard about this, he said to the father, "Be not afraid, only believe."
|
|-
|37
|And he suffered no man to follow him, save Peter, and James, and John the brother of James.
|Jesus then allowed only Peter, James, and John the brother of James to follow him
|
|-
|38
|And he cometh to the house of the ruler of the synagogue, and seeth the tumult, and them that wept and wailed greatly.
|as he went to the synagogue leader's home, where Jesus saw the mourning, and all those who wept and cried enormously.
|
|-
|39
|And when he was come in, he saith unto them, Why make ye this ado, and weep? the damsel is not dead, but sleepeth.
|When Jesus entered the house, he said to all the people, "What is the reason for all this crying and distress? The girl is not dead - she's just asleep!"
|Exclamation mark to emphasise the surprising nature of Jesus' statement.
|-
|40
|And they laughed him to scorn. But when he had put them all out, he taketh the father and the mother of the damsel, and them that were with him, and entereth in where the damsel was lying.
|They laughed and ridiculed him. But after he drove them all out of the building, he took the girl's mother and father with him to where she was lying,
|
|-
|41
|And he took the damsel by the hand, and said unto her, Talitha cumi; which is, being interpreted, Damsel, I say unto thee, arise.
|and taking her by the hand, said, "''talitha cumi''", which means "girl, I tell you to rise."
|
|-
|42
|And straightway the damsel arose, and walked; for she was of the age of twelve years. And they were astonished with a great astonishment.
|Immediately the 12-year-old girl got up and walked. The onlookers were overwhelmed with wonder.
|amazed? dumbfounded?
|-
|43
|And he charged them straitly that no man should know it; and commanded that something should be given her to eat.
|Jesus gave strict orders not to tell any man what had happened, and then commanded that the girl should be given something to eat.
|'No man' rather than 'nobody' - significant here?
|}

==Chapter 6==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|And he went out from thence, and came into his own country; and his disciples follow him.
|Jesus then traveled home, followed by his disciples.
|traveled? Is "home" too narrow?
|-
|2
|And when the sabbath day was come, he began to teach in the synagogue: and many hearing him were astonished, saying, From whence hath this man these things? and what wisdom is this which is given unto him, that even such mighty works are wrought by his hands?
|On the next Sabbath, Jesus began teaching in the synagogue. Many found this marvelous and declared, "How does this man know so much? What kind of wisdom has been given to Him, enabling Him to perform such wonderful deeds?
|"wonderful" better than "great"; avoid "miracle" as a non-believer expression? Keep "man" to avoid emasculating Christianity.
|-
|3
|Is not this the carpenter, the son of Mary, the brother of James, and Joses, and of Juda, and Simon? and are not his sisters here with us? And they were offended at him.
|Isn't this a mere carpenter, the son of Mary, the brother of James, Joses, Juda and Simon? Don't we also know his sisters here? The public was not open-minded about Jesus.
|trying the modern term "open-minded"
|-
|4
|But Jesus said unto them, A prophet is not without honour, but in his own country, and among his own kin, and in his own house.
|Jesus replied to their complaints, "A prophet lacks honor only in his own hometown, among his neighbors and in his own home."
|avoid compound negative
|-
|5
|And he could there do no mighty work, save that he laid his hands upon a few sick folk, and healed them.
|Because of the people's closed-mindedness, Jesus was unable to perform any marvelous works in that area, except for healing a few sick people by laying His hands on them.
|Link back to 'open-mindedness' concept introduced in verse 3
|-
|6
|And he marvelled because of their unbelief. And he went round about the villages, teaching.
|He was surprised at their lack of faith. He traveled around the villages in that area, teaching the people who lived there.
|Emphasize faith; superb use of [[faith]] here!
|-
|7
|And he called unto him the twelve, and began to send them forth by two and two; and gave them power over unclean spirits;
|He gathered the twelve, and began to send them out in pairs, giving them the power to cast out the devil.
|Use "devil" rather than avoiding it
|-
|8
|And commanded them that they should take nothing for their journey, save a staff only; no scrip, no bread, no money in their purse:
|He instructed them to take only a walking stick, and to bring nothing else: no bag, no bread, and no money in their belts.
|
|-
|9
|But be shod with sandals; and not put on two coats.
|To wear only sandals, and practical clothes.
|"simplest of clothes" is an interesting suggestion, but seems to go beyond the admonition against redundancy. A comfortable but nice garment would seem to be fine with the text.
|-
|10
|And he said unto them, In what place soever ye enter into an house, there abide till ye depart from that place.
|He told them, "Whichever house you stay in while in a town, stay there until you leave that town."
|
|-
|11
|And whosoever shall not receive you, nor hear you, when ye depart thence, shake off the dust under your feet for a testimony against them. Verily I say unto you, It shall be more tolerable for Sodom and Gomorrha in the day of judgment, than for that city.
|"And if anyone will not take you in or is closed-minded, when leaving them, shake the dust from under your feet as an indictment against their conduct. I tell you truly, the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah will fare better on the day of judgment than that city."
|
|-
|12
|And they went out, and preached that men should repent.
|Thus they went among the towns, preaching repentance.
|
|-
|13
|And they cast out many devils, and anointed with oil many that were sick, and healed them.
|There they cast out Satan, anointed the ill with oil, and healed them of their afflictions.
|
|-
|14
|And king Herod heard of him; (for his name was spread abroad:) and he said, That John the Baptist was risen from the dead, and therefore mighty works do shew forth themselves in him.
|The tetrarch Herod heard news of this, as word of Jesus had spread fast and far. It was said that he was John the Baptist had risen from the dead, and miraculous powers were shown in his works.
|Difficult to convey meaning latter part in modern English. Could use less awkward translation.
|-
|15
|Others said, That it is Elias. And others said, That it is a prophet, or as one of the prophets.
|Others rumored that he was Elijah, while others still called him a prophet like those of the Old Testament.
|"The prophets" was known to the audience of the time as the OT prophets, but this should be made clear to the modern reader.
|-
|16
|But when Herod heard thereof, he said, It is John, whom I beheaded: he is risen from the dead.
|Herod succumbed to the rumors and opined, "He is John, who I had murdered, back from the dead."
|
|-
|17
|For Herod himself had sent forth and laid hold upon John, and bound him in prison for Herodias' sake, his brother Philip's wife: for he had married her.
|For it had been Herod who had sent his men to capture and imprison John for his brother Philip's wife, Herodias, who he had married.
|
|-
|18
|For John had said unto Herod, It is not lawful for thee to have thy brother's wife.
|John had told Herod, "It is against the law for you to marry your brother's wife."
|
|-
|19
|Therefore Herodias had a quarrel against him, and would have killed him; but she could not:
|And thus Herodias had quarreled with John, and she would have killed him had she been able.
|
|-
|20
|For Herod feared John, knowing that he was a just man and an holy, and observed him; and when he heard him, he did many things, and heard him gladly.
|Herod actually feared John, realizing that he was a holy and just man, and took him seriously: Herod appreciated John's preaching and sometimes tried to follow it.
|Perhaps no single verse in the Gospels is translated in so many different ways as this one. For example, did Herod "observe" or "protect" John as modern translations claim?
|-
|21
|And when a convenient day was come, that Herod on his birthday made a supper to his lords, high captains, and chief estates of Galilee;
|So Herodias waited for her opportunity, which came on Herod's birthday when he had a feast for his lords, high captains, and high-ranking officials in Galilee.
|Explaining context of 'convenient'. Are there better modern terms for the lords and high captains?
|-
|22
|And when the daughter of the said Herodias came in, and danced, and pleased Herod and them that sat with him, the king said unto the damsel, Ask of me whatsoever thou wilt, and I will give it thee.
|Herodias's daughter entered the room and danced, so pleasing Herod and his guests that the king exclaimed to the temptress, "Ask me whatever you like, and I will grant it!"
|κορασιω is typically translated simply as "girl" or "damsel",<ref>See talk page.</ref> but we use the term "temptress" to convey the context better.<ref>Other possible translations are "floozy" or "bimbo".</ref> The Greek language may have been inadequate to convey the immoral overtones.
|-
|23
|And he sware unto her, Whatsoever thou shalt ask of me, I will give it thee, unto the half of my kingdom.
|And he promised her, "I will give you whatever you want from me, up to half of my kingdom."
|
|-
|24
|And she went forth, and said unto her mother, What shall I ask? And she said, The head of John the Baptist.
|She went to confer with her mother, asking, "what should I ask for?" Her mother replied, "the head of John the Baptist."
|
|-
|25
|And she came in straightway with haste unto the king, and asked, saying, I will that thou give me by and by in a charger the head of John the Baptist.
|So she returned quickly to the tetrarch and responded, "I want John the Baptist's head on a platter."
|King or Tetrarch here? Confusion of the various Herods is common. "Charger" is an archaic word for a large platter
|-
|26
|And the king was exceeding sorry; yet for his oath's sake, and for their sakes which sat with him, he would not reject her.
|Herod did not want to grant the request, but because he took an oath and faced embarrassment in front of his guests if he declined, he complied.
|
|-
|27
|And immediately the king sent an executioner, and commanded his head to be brought: and he went and beheaded him in the prison,
|The king immediately sent an executioner, ordering him to bring John the Baptist's head. The executioner went to the prison and beheaded him.
|
|-
|28
|And brought his head in a charger, and gave it to the damsel: and the damsel gave it to her mother.
|The executioner brought the head on a platter and gave it to the temptress, who gave it to her mother.
|See notes to verse 22 above.
|-
|29
|And when his disciples heard of it, they came and took up his corpse, and laid it in a tomb.
|When the disciples heard what had happened, they took the body of John the Baptist and placed it in a tomb.
|
|-
|30
|And the apostles gathered themselves together unto Jesus, and told him all things, both what they had done, and what they had taught.
|The apostles gathered around Jesus and told him about all the things they had done and what they had taught.
|
|-
|31
|And he said unto them, Come ye yourselves apart into a desert place, and rest a while: for there were many coming and going, and they had no leisure so much as to eat.
|Jesus told them, "Come with me to a quiet place and rest". Because there were so many people coming and going, the apostles had not even had time to eat.
|I used "quiet place" for "desert place" based on what's written in some other translations. Does this seem right?
|-
|32
|And they departed into a desert place by ship privately.
|They sailed in a boat to a quiet place.
|
|-
|33
|And the people saw them departing, and many knew him, and ran afoot thither out of all cities, and outwent them, and came together unto him.
|When people saw them leaving, many of them recognized Jesus, so they hurried from their cities and got there before Jesus and the apostles did. The people crowded around Jesus when he arrived.
|
|-
|34
|And Jesus, when he came out, saw much people, and was moved with compassion toward them, because they were as sheep not having a shepherd: and he began to teach them many things.
|When Jesus got out of the boat He saw the large crowd of people, and felt sorry for them, because they reminded Him of a flock of sheep without a shepherd. So He started to teach them many things.
|
|-
|35
|And when the day was now far spent, his disciples came unto him, and said, This is a desert place, and now the time is far passed:
|But when the day was nearly over, the disciples approached Jesus and said, "We're in the middle of nowhere and it is going to get dark.
|quotation continues to next verse; it must have been "getting dark" yet so the phrasing is this way
|-
|36
|Send them away, that they may go into the country round about, and into the villages, and buy themselves bread: for they have nothing to eat.
|The crowd has nothing to eat, so tell them to disperse into the surrounding villages in order to buy themselves bread."
|
|-
|37
|He answered and said unto them, Give ye them to eat. And they say unto him, Shall we go and buy two hundred pennyworth of bread, and give them to eat?
|Jesus replied "You should give them something to eat," and the disciples asked him "Should we go buy some bread for them?"
|
|-
|38
|He saith unto them, How many loaves have ye? go and see. And when they knew, they say, Five, and two fishes.
|Jesus answered, "How many loaves do you have? Go check." After the disciples found out, they told him that they had five loaves of bread and two fish.
|
|-
|39
|And he commanded them to make all sit down by companies upon the green grass.
|Jesus told the disciples to have everyone sit in groups on the grass.
|
|-
|40
|And they sat down in ranks, by hundreds, and by fifties.
|After they did, everyone sat down in long lines, of fifty or a hundred people.
|
|-
|41
|And when he had taken the five loaves and the two fishes, he looked up to heaven, and blessed, and brake the loaves, and gave them to his disciples to set before them; and the two fishes divided he among them all.
|When Jesus had the five loaves and two fish, he looked to heaven, blessed the food, and broke the loaves. He gave them to his disciples to feed the people, and split the two fish among everyone.
|
|-
|42
|And they did all eat, and were filled.
|After everyone was finished eating, they were all full.
|
|-
|43
|And they took up twelve baskets full of the fragments, and of the fishes.
|The disciples picked up twelve baskets full of crumbs and the leftovers of fish.
|
|-
|44
|And they that did eat of the loaves were about five thousand men.
|Five thousand men had filled their stomachs on just two loaves of bread and five fish.
|
|-
|45
|And straightway he constrained his disciples to get into the ship, and to go to the other side before unto Bethsaida, while he sent away the people.
|Then Jesus had his disciples board the ship, to go to Bethsaida ahead of him, while he bid the people farewell.
|
|-
|46
|And when he had sent them away, he departed into a mountain to pray.
|After he sent the people away, he went to a mountain to pray.
|
|-
|47
|And when even was come, the ship was in the midst of the sea, and he alone on the land.
|In the evening, the disciples' boat was in the middle of the lake, and he remained on the land alone.
|
|-
|48
|And he saw them toiling in rowing; for the wind was contrary unto them: and about the fourth watch of the night he cometh unto them, walking upon the sea, and would have passed by them.
|He saw them rowing hard, since they were traveling into the wind: about the fourth watch of the night, he walked on the surface of the lake and came to the ship, nearly passing it.
|"Fourth watch of the night" means between 3 AM and 6 AM.<ref>http://chestofbooks.com/reference/Facts-For-Everybody/Roman-Division-Of-Time.html</ref>
|-
|49
|But when they saw him walking upon the sea, they supposed it had been a spirit, and cried out:
|But when they saw him walking on water, they thought it must have been a ghost, and cried out
|
|-
|50
|For they all saw him, and were troubled. And immediately he talked with them, and saith unto them, Be of good cheer: it is I; be not afraid.
|in fear. He spoke to them right away, and said, "Don't worry! It's just me, don't be afraid."
|
|-
|51
|And he went up unto them into the ship; and the wind ceased: and they were sore amazed in themselves beyond measure, and wondered.
|He boarded the ship and the wind died down: they were amazed, and looked on in awe.
|
|-
|52
|For they considered not the miracle of the loaves: for their heart was hardened.
|They had not understood the miracle of the loaves, because they had not opened their minds.
|
|-
|53
|And when they had passed over, they came into the land of Gennesaret, and drew to the shore.
|After they crossed the lake, they came to the land of Gennesaret and pulled up to the shore.
|
|-
|54
|And when they were come out of the ship, straightway they knew him,
|When they had come off the ship, everyone immediately recognized Jesus.
|
|-
|55
|And ran through that whole region round about, and began to carry about in beds those that were sick, where they heard he was.
|They ran throughout the nearby area and carried all the sick people, in beds, to the place where Jesus was said to be.
|
|-
|56
|And whithersoever he entered, into villages, or cities, or country, they laid the sick in the streets, and besought him that they might touch if it were but the border of his garment: and as many as touched him were made whole.
|Wherever he went - villages, cities, or the countryside - people laid the sick in the streets, and begged Jesus to let them touch him, even just the edge of his coat. Everyone who touched him was healed.
|
|}

==Chapter 7==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|Then came together unto him the Pharisees, and certain of the scribes, which came from Jerusalem.
|Jesus was approached by the Pharisees, and some of the scribes, who came from Jerusalem.
|"who" rather than "which"; a rare flaw in the style of the [[KJV]] is its use of "which" and "that" to refer to persons
|-
|2
|And when they saw some of his disciples eat bread with defiled, that is to say, with unwashen, hands, they found fault.
|They observed several disciples eating bread without first washing their hands, and used that to criticize Jesus.
|is "defiled" necessary here?
|-
|3
|For the Pharisees, and all the Jews, except they wash their hands oft, eat not, holding the tradition of the elders.
|The reason for this was that the Pharisees, along with all the other Jews, had a tradition never to eat unless they had washed their hands.
|Move to past tense to fit the rest of the passage.
|-
|4
|And when they come from the market, except they wash, they eat not. And many other things there be, which they have received to hold, as the washing of cups, and pots, brasen vessels, and of tables.
|When the come from the market, they do not eat unless they have washed first. They retain many other traditions, such as the washing of cups, bots, kettles, and tables.
|
|-
|5
|Then the Pharisees and scribes asked him, Why walk not thy disciples according to the tradition of the elders, but eat bread with unwashen hands?
|Then the Pharisees and the scribes asked Jesus, "Why don't your disciples follow the traditions of their elders, instead of eating bread with unwashed hands?"
|
|-
|6
|He answered and said unto them, Well hath Esaias prophesied of you hypocrites, as it is written, This people honoureth me with their lips, but their heart is far from me.
|He responded to them, "Isaiah prophesied about you hypocrites, according to scripture: 'These people speak respectful words to me, by their hearts are not with me.
|
|-
|7
|Howbeit in vain do they worship me, teaching for doctrines the commandments of men.
|They worship me in vain, and their teachings are nothing more than rules made by men.
|
|-
|8
|For laying aside the commandment of God, ye hold the tradition of men, as the washing of pots and cups: and many other such like things ye do.
|After turning away from the law of God, you cling to the rules of mere men.'
|
|-
|9
|And he said unto them, Full well ye reject the commandment of God, that ye may keep your own tradition.
|Isaiah also told them, 'You turn your backs on the commandment of God, in order to cling to your own customs.'
|Clarify the reference to Isaiah, which is ambiguous in most translations.
|-
|10
|For Moses said, Honour thy father and thy mother; and, Whoso curseth father or mother, let him die the death:
|For Moses said, 'Honor your father and mother; and whoever curses his father or mother should receive the death penalty';
|should outer quotations be added? Use the "death penalty"
|-
|11
|But ye say, If a man shall say to his father or mother, It is Corban, that is to say, a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be profited by me; he shall be free.
|But you insist that if a man says to his parent, 'Whatever help I might have given you was instead given to God as a temple offering,'
|difficult to translate; more improvement welcome; issue of outside quotations remains; Corban replaced by "temple offering"
|-
|12
|And ye suffer him no more to do ought for his father or his mother;
|and you excused him from helping his father or mother.
|excused, or prohibited?
|-
|13
|Making the word of God of none effect through your tradition, which ye have delivered: and many such like things do ye.
|"You have made God's word and law useless with your tradition of revision, and many other actions like it."
|
|-
|14
|And when he had called all the people unto him, he said unto them, Hearken unto me every one of you, and understand:
|When Jesus had called the people together around him, he said, "Listen to me, each of you, and know the truth."
|
|-
|15
|There is nothing from without a man, that entering into him can defile him: but the things which come out of him, those are they that defile the man.
|"Nothing outside a man can enter him and corrupt him. Instead, that which comes from within can corrupt him."
|Interesting as this is also a doctrine in Plato (see the apology). Was he inspired by God, or perhaps did Jesus know earlier doctrines?
|-
|16
|If any man have ears to hear, let him hear.
|"So if anyone wishes to know the truth, let him listen."
|"ears to hear" denotes the open minded listener
|-
|17
|And when he was entered into the house from the people, his disciples asked him concerning the parable.
|After, when he had left the people and entered the house, the disciples asked him about the parable.
|
|-
|18
|And he saith unto them, Are ye so without understanding also? Do ye not perceive, that whatsoever thing from without entereth into the man, it cannot defile him;
|To this he responded, "Are you also so ignorant? Don't you see that anything which enters a man from outside cannot corrupt him,"
|
|-
|19
|Because it entereth not into his heart, but into the belly, and goeth out into the draught, purging all meats?
|"Because it enters his stomach, not his heart, and is then expelled from his body?"
|
|-
|20
|And he said, That which cometh out of the man, that defileth the man.
|To this he added, "Anything that comes out of a man, it is that which corrupts him."
|
|-
|21
|For from within, out of the heart of men, proceed evil thoughts, adulteries, fornications, murders,
|"Because, from inside of the heart come evil thoughts, adultery, fornication, murder,"
|
|-
|22
|Thefts, covetousness, wickedness, deceit, lasciviousness, an evil eye, blasphemy, pride, foolishness:
|"theft, covetousness, wickedness, deceit, lustfulness, an evil eye, blasphemy, unwarranted pride, and foolishness."
|
|-
|23
|All these evil things come from within, and defile the man.
|"All of these come from inside a man and corrupt him."
|
|-
|24
|And from thence he arose, and went into the borders of Tyre and Sidon, and entered into an house, and would have no man know it: but he could not be hid.
|Then He left that place, and traveled to the borders of Tyre and Sidon. He wanted to keep the place where He was staying a secret, but He had become so well-known that this was impossible.
|'Would' is an old term for 'wanted'. Should 'no man' (as opposed to women) be preserved?
|-
|25
|For a certain woman, whose young daughter had an unclean spirit, heard of him, and came and fell at his feet:
|A woman whose daughter had been possessed by the devil heard the news of him came to him and fell down before him.
|
|-
|26
|The woman was a Greek, a Syrophenician by nation; and she besought him that he would cast forth the devil out of her daughter.
|She was Greek, a Syrophenician, and begged that he would exorcise Satan out of her daughter.
|
|-
|27
|But Jesus said unto her, Let the children first be filled: for it is not meet to take the children's bread, and to cast it unto the dogs.
|Jesus replied to her, "the children must first be fed, for it is wrong to take their bread and cast it among the dogs."
|
|-
|28
|And she answered and said unto him, Yes, Lord: yet the dogs under the table eat of the children's crumbs.
|To this she answered, "yes, Lord, and the dogs under the table can eat the children's crumbs."
|
|-
|29
|And he said unto her, For this saying go thy way; the devil is gone out of thy daughter.
|So Jesus replied, "go on your way; you have proved your faith, and Satan has been cast out of your daughter."
|
|-
|30
|And when she was come to her house, she found the devil gone out, and her daughter laid upon the bed.
|When she returned to her home, she found that her daughter was lying upon her bed and Satan had left her.
|
|-
|31
|And again, departing from the coasts of Tyre and Sidon, he came unto the sea of Galilee, through the midst of the coasts of Decapolis.
|Leaving the coasts of Tyre and Sidon, Jesus reached the lake of Galilee, among the coasts of Decapolis.
|Sea->lake as per previous instances
|-
|32
|And they bring unto him one that was deaf, and had an impediment in his speech; and they beseech him to put his hand upon him.
|The people brought him a deaf and dumb man, praying that he would lay hands upon him.
|
|-
|33
|And he took him aside from the multitude, and put his fingers into his ears, and he spit, and touched his tongue;
|Jesus took him away alone. He put his fingers into the man's ears, spit, then touched his tongue.
|
|-
|34
|And looking up to heaven, he sighed, and saith unto him, Ephphatha, that is, Be opened.
|Looking up to heaven, he sighed and said, "Ephphatha," which means "be opened."
|
|-
|35
|And straightway his ears were opened, and the string of his tongue was loosed, and he spake plain.
|The man's ears were immediately opened, and the muscles of his tongue healed, letting him speak again.
|
|-
|36
|And he charged them that they should tell no man: but the more he charged them, so much the more a great deal they published it;
|Jesus commanded him the people not to tell this story, but the more he commanded this, the more they spread the good news.
|
|-
|37
|And were beyond measure astonished, saying, He hath done all things well: he maketh both the deaf to hear, and the dumb to speak.
|All were astonished immeasurably, and they said, "he has wielded great power in all things: he makes the deaf hear and the dumb speak."
|"Done all things well" has lost its emphatic meaning
|}

==Chapter 8==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Verse
!King James Version
!Proposed Conservative Translation
!Analysis
|-
|1
|In those days the multitude being very great, and having nothing to eat, Jesus called his disciples unto him, and saith unto them,
|The crowd that followed Jesus was enormous and had little to eat, so Jesus gathered his disciples and said,
|
|-
|2
|I have compassion on the multitude, because they have now been with me three days, and have nothing to eat:
|"I have great love and empathy for the people, who have been following me for three days yet have nothing to eat."
|
|-
|3
|And if I send them away fasting to their own houses, they will faint by the way: for divers of them came from far.
|"I am responsible for them, for if I send them away to their homes, they will collapse along the way, as many of them have come a great distance."
|Making the sentiment of responsibility clear.
|-
|4
|And his disciples answered him, From whence can a man satisfy these men with bread here in the wilderness?
|The disciples responded, "how can we feed these people bread out in the desert where food is scarce?"
|
|-
|5
|And he asked them, How many loaves have ye? And they said, Seven.
|Jesus asked them, "how many loaves do you have?" They replied, "seven."
|
|-
|6
|And he commanded the people to sit down on the ground: and he took the seven loaves, and gave thanks, and brake, and gave to his disciples to set before them; and they did set them before the people.
|So he told the crowd to sit down, and taking the seven loaves and giving thanks unto God, he broke them and gave them to his disciples to distribute, and they did.
|
|-
|7
|And they had a few small fishes: and he blessed, and commanded to set them also before them.
|They also had a few small fish, which he also blessed and had distributed.
|Plural "fishes" antiquated
|-
|8
|So they did eat, and were filled: and they took up of the broken meat that was left seven baskets.
|The people ate and were filled, and the disciples found that a surplus of seven baskets of meat remained.
|
|-
|9
|And they that had eaten were about four thousand: and he sent them away.
|Four thousand people had eaten, and Jesus sent them on their way.
|
|-
|10
|And straightway he entered into a ship with his disciples, and came into the parts of Dalmanutha.
|Jesus went into a ship with the disciples and traveled into Dalmanutha.
|
|-
|11
|And the Pharisees came forth, and began to question with him, seeking of him a sign from heaven, tempting him.
|The intellectuals came to him and began to try to tempt him with their questions, demanding a sign from heaven.
|
|-
|12
|And he sighed deeply in his spirit, and saith, Why doth this generation seek after a sign? verily I say unto you, There shall no sign be given unto this generation.
|In his soul he sighed deeply at their lack of faith, and he replied, "Why does this generation want a sign? I'll tell you the truth: you will not be given a sign."
|
|-
|13
|And he left them, and entering into the ship again departed to the other side.
|So he left them, returned to the ship and traveling across the lake.
|
|-
|14
|Now the disciples had forgotten to take bread, neither had they in the ship with them more than one loaf.
|The disciples had neglected to bring bread on board, not so much a single loaf.
|
|-
|15
|And he charged them, saying, Take heed, beware of the leaven of the Pharisees, and of the leaven of Herod.
|And Jesus warned them, "I caution you, beware of the bread of the intellectuals and the bread of Herod."
|"leaven" antiquated as a noun
|-
|16
|And they reasoned among themselves, saying, It is because we have no bread.
|They applied their reason together and decided, "he says this because we didn't bring bread."
|
|-
|17
|And when Jesus knew it, he saith unto them, Why reason ye, because ye have no bread? perceive ye not yet, neither understand? have ye your heart yet hardened?
|And Jesus knew this and said, "Why do you think this is about bread? Do you still not perceive or understand the message? Have your minds been closed?"
|The "heart" in ancient culture was much more connected with reason, thought, and the mind than in present culture.
|-
|18
|Having eyes, see ye not? and having ears, hear ye not? and do ye not remember?
|"You have eyes and ears, but do you see, hear, or even remember?"
|
|-
|19
|When I brake the five loaves among five thousand, how many baskets full of fragments took ye up? They say unto him, Twelve.
|"When I distributed the five loaves among five thousand people, how many baskets of remainders did you collect?" "Twelve."
|
|-
|20
|And when the seven among four thousand, how many baskets full of fragments took ye up? And they said, Seven.
|"And of the seven baskets given to the four thousand, how many baskets remained?" "Seven."
|
|-
|21
|And he said unto them, How is it that ye do not understand?
|"Why do you still not understand?"
|
|-
|22
|And he cometh to Bethsaida; and they bring a blind man unto him, and besought him to touch him.
|Jesus arrived at Bethsaida, where people brought a blind man and begged Jesus to touch him.
|
|-
|23
|And he took the blind man by the hand, and led him out of the town; and when he had spit on his eyes, and put his hands upon him, he asked him if he saw ought.
|Jesus took the hand of the blind man, and led him outside the village; Jesus spit on the man's eyes, and laid His hands upon him, asking if he could see.
|
|-
|24
|And he looked up, and said, I see men as trees, walking.
|The man looked up and declared, "I only see men that look like walking trees."
|The truth of this description of the initial perception of a blind man who suddenly sees was only confirmed nearly 2000 years later by modern ophthalmologists.
|-
|25
|After that he put his hands again upon his eyes, and made him look up: and he was restored, and saw every man clearly.
|Jesus put His hands on the blind man's eyes again, and then told him to look up. The man's sight was restored, so that he could see every man around him clearly.
|Modernizing language.
|-
|26
|And he sent him away to his house, saying, Neither go into the town, nor tell it to any in the town.
|Jesus sent him home and told him, "Do not enter the village or tell anyone there about this."
|The "or tell anyone there about this" is missing from some ancient manuscripts, but it is consistent with Jesus's concern.
|-
|27
|And Jesus went out, and his disciples, into the towns of Caesarea Philippi: and by the way he asked his disciples, saying unto them, Whom do men say that I am?
|Jesus and the disciples then went to the towns around Caesarea Philippi, and while walking He asked them, "Whom do men say that I am?"
|avoid emasculation of "men" as "people" or other gender neutral term
|-
|28
|And they answered, John the Baptist: but some say, Elias; and others, One of the prophets.
|The disciples replied, "'John the Baptist.' But some say 'Elijah', and others say, 'One of the prophets.'"
|
|-
|29
|And he saith unto them, But whom say ye that I am? And Peter answereth and saith unto him, Thou art the Christ.
|And he asked, "Who do you say I am?" to which Peter answered, "you are Christ."
|
|-
|30
|And he charged them that they should tell no man of him.
|And he told them not to tell anyone about his true nature.
|
|-
|31
|And he began to teach them, that the Son of man must suffer many things, and be rejected of the elders, and of the chief priests, and scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again.
|He taught them of things that must pass, that the Son of Man would suffer great trials, be rejected by the elders, the priests, and the scribes, would be killed, only to rise again to life in three days time.
|
|-
|32
|And he spake that saying openly. And Peter took him, and began to rebuke him.
|He said this openly, but Peter took him aside and began to protest.
|
|-
|33
|But when he had turned about and looked on his disciples, he rebuked Peter, saying, Get thee behind me, Satan: for thou savourest not the things that be of God, but the things that be of men.
|But Jesus turned and, looking at his disciples, rebuffed Peter. "Begone, Satan. You don't desire Godly things, but the things of men."
|
|-
|34
|And when he had called the people unto him with his disciples also, he said unto them, Whosoever will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow me.
|Then calling the people to himself and the disciples, Jesus said, "Anyone who will follow me must reject his own prejudices, pick up his cross, and follow me."
|
|-
|35
|For whosoever will save his life shall lose it; but whosoever shall lose his life for my sake and the gospel's, the same shall save it.
|"For he who seeks to save his life will lose it, while anyone persecuted to death for the sake of myself and the gospels will be saved."
|
|-
|36
|For what shall it profit a man, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul?
|"For what good is it for a man to win the whole world if he condemns his soul?"
|
|-
|37
|Or what shall a man give in exchange for his soul?
|"What will a man give in exchange for his soul?"
|
|-
|38
|Whosoever therefore shall be ashamed of me and of my words in this adulterous and sinful generation; of him also shall the Son of man be ashamed, when he cometh in the glory of his Father with the holy angels.
|"If anyone is ashamed of me or my teaching to this adulterous, sinful generation, I, the Son of Man will be ashamed of them when I return with the glory of the holy Father and the angels."
|
|}

== References ==

<references/>

[[Category:Conservative Bible]]

Barack Hussein Obama

2009-10-07T04:11:53Z

N: /* Birth Certificate Controversy */ Minor spelling/tense fixes

{{President
|image=President Barack Obama.jpg
|seq=44
|term_start=January 20, 2009
|term_end=Present
|party=Democrat
|vp=Joe Biden
|previous=George W. Bush
|next=
|birth_date=August 4, 1961
|age={{age|1961|8|4}}
|birth_place=
|death_date=
|death_place=
|spouse=[[Michelle LaVaughn Robinson Obama]]
|spouse2=
|religion=Described in this entry
}}
'''Barack Hussein Obama II''' aka '''Barry Soetoro'''<ref>[http://english.pravda.ru/opinion/columnists/19-01-2009/106972-Barry_Soetoro-0 Barry Soetoro aka Barack Obama vs World Leaders], By Mark S. McGrew, ''[[Pravda]].ru, 19.01.2009</ref> (allegedly<ref>[http://www.worldnetdaily.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=82033]</ref><ref>[http://www.factcheck.org/UploadedFiles/birth_certificate_5.jpg Large, high-resolution picture of his birth certificate]</ref><ref>[http://www.kitv.com/politics/17860890/detail.html?rss=hon&psp=news KITV Honolulu report]</ref><ref>[http://www.newsmax.com/farber/Obama_birth_certificate/2009/04/06/200320.html]</ref><ref>Obama's [[African]] grandmother Sarah Hussein Obama says Barack was born in her presence in Kenya.[http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/news/2104131/posts Obama Born In Kenya? His Grandmother Says Yes, Israeli News, October 12, 2008][http://www.worldnetdaily.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=78931 Democrat: Obama's grandma confirms Kenyan birth, WND, October 23, 2008][http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=b58_1225645143 Audio Conversation Link]</ref> born in [[Honolulu]] Aug. 4, 1961) is the 44th President of the [[United States]], and previously served as a first-term [[Democratic party|Democratic]] [[Senator]] from [[Illinois]] (2005-2008). Obama and his running mate [[Senator Joseph Biden]] won the presidential election<ref>[http://www.newsmax.com/insidecover/obama_wins_presidency/2008/11/04/147788.html?utm_medium=RSS]</ref> after 23 months of campaigning that spent over $700 million,<ref>http://www.opensecrets.org/pres08/summary.php?cid=N00009638</ref> much of it raised from undisclosed or fraudulent donors.<ref>"Obama’s finance team missed quite a few obviously troubling large donations, from such unsavory individuals as Mr. Jfggjjfgj, 'Mong Kong,' 'Test Person,' and 'Jockim Alberton,' who lives at a fictional address on a street that does not exist in Wilmington, Delaware. How many fictional characters might there be among the $220 million that Obama has collected in small, undisclosed contributions? Obama's small donors have all been recorded, and he could easily follow McCain’s lead by disclosing this major source of his campaign’s money."[http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=OTllNTk2MDNmNDk1YmQ0OWEzOTZmMTVmODUwZTQwY2E= "Fake Donors, Phony Pledge, ''National Review'' (Oct. 22, 2008)] Obama did not.</ref> Obama spent far more per vote than McCain did: '''Obama spent $7.39 per vote, while McCain spent only $5.78 per vote'''.<ref>http://query.nictusa.com/cgi-bin/cancomsrs/?_08+00+PR</ref>

As President Obama has pushed for establishing a Palestinian state over the objection of [[Israel]]'s Prime Minister,<ref>http://www.indianexpress.com/news/us-is-not-and-will-never-be-at-war-with-islam....-many-americans-have.../444572/</ref> inclusion of [[Turkey]] in the [[European Union]]<ref>http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article6051268.ece</ref> and holding [[Guantanamo]] detainees indefinitely without trial.<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/05/21/AR2009052104045.html Obama Endorses Indefinite Detention Without Trial for Some], Peter Finn, Washington Post, May 22, 2009. </ref>

Obama's budget and stimulus bill advanced his [[Socialism|socialist]] idea of "'''spreading the wealth'''."<ref>"My attitude is that if the economy's good for folks from the bottom up, it's gonna be good for everybody. I think when you spread the wealth around, it's good for everybody." [http://www.nypost.com/seven/10152008/news/politics/obama_fires_a_robin_hood_warning_shot_133685.htm OBAMA FIRES A 'ROBIN HOOD' WARNING SHOT], N.Y. Post </ref>
<ref>John McCain quipped during the campaign, "He's running for Redistributor In Chief, I'm running for Commander In Chief."[http://news.chennaionline.com/newsitem.aspx?NEWSID=9fab8324-a1a1-4ad6-840f-76b04a405a65&CATEGORYNAME=INTER McCain Attacks Obama's Faith in Americans] Fox News, 10-31-2008. The slogan "from each according to their ability to each according to their need" is an idea originally proposed by [[Karl Marx]] and could be the inspiration for the centrally planned economy Obama plans to introduce to the US when he is installed into office.</ref> His [[Socialized Medicine|health care plan]] would force employers to purchase health care or pay a fine and will force many into a poorly run single payer system.<ref>The socialization of health care will force taxpayers to pay for healthcare for those who refuse to or can not afford to purchase it themselves.</ref> To announce his trip to [[Berlin]] in July 2008, Obama used posters which show a marked similarity to posters of [[Lenin]] and [[Che Guevara]].<ref>[http://andrightlyso.com/2008/07/24/obama-lenin-gaffe/ Obama's direct copy of a Lenin poster for his Berlin visit]</ref><ref>[http://michellemalkin.com/2008/05/31/the-la-times-looks-into-the-obama-che-iconcography-connection/ The LA Times looks into the Obama-Che iconcography connection] by Michelle Malkin </ref> During Obama's youth in Hawaii, he developed a strong, almost Father/Son relationship with [[Frank Marshall Davis]], a high level [[Communist Party]] functionary<ref>http://www.aim.org/aim-report/is-barack-obama-a-marxist-mole/ "Is Barack Obama a Marxist Mole?", Accuracy in Media.</ref> while Obama has stated that his favorite professors in school were themselves Marxists.

Obama has stated, "We cannot continue to rely on our military in order to achieve the [[national security]] objectives that we've set. We've got to have a civilian national security force that's just as powerful, just as strong, just as well-funded." ([http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tt2yGzHfy7s Video])

Catholic Archbishop Charles Chaput of Denver, where Obama was nominated for president, criticized Obama as the "most committed" [[abortion]]-supporting candidate "since the ''[[Roe v. Wade]]'' abortion decision in 1973."<ref>http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/new.php?n=14088</ref> Obama said "the first thing I'd do as President is sign the Freedom of Choice Act."<ref>[http://christiannewswire.com/news/560716251.html]</ref> It "would invalidate virtually all state and federal limitations on abortion, and would make [[partial-birth abortion]] legal again."<ref>http://www.lifenews.com/nat3961.html, Pro-Life Voters Must Work Overtime to Stop Pro-Abortion Barack Obama, June 4, 2008. Indeed, Obama was upset with the decision of the [[United States Supreme Court|Supreme Court]] not to strike down the law passed by the [[United States Congress]] to prohibit partial-birth abortion, believing that partial-birth abortion is guaranteed right of the [[United States Constitution|Constitution]] and that there should be no ability to legislate against it.</ref>

The [[Association of American Physicians and Surgeons]] observed that Obama used techniques of [[mind control]] in his campaign, as in this speech: "a light will shine down from somewhere, it will light upon you, you will experience an epiphany, and you will say to yourself, 'I have to vote for Barack.'"<ref name="mind control">http://www.aapsonline.org/newsoftheday/0089 . The doctors observe that "Obama's logo is noteworthy. It is always there, a small one in the middle of the podium, providing a point of visual fixation ... [that] resembles a crystal ball, a favorite of hypnotists."</ref>

== ACORN ==
::''Main article : [[ACORN]]''
[[File:1223acorn.jpg|thumb|241px|left|'''Obama was lead attorney for ACORN Housing prior to the subprime mortgage crisis''' and has extensive experience with the groups "community organizing" tactics.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WMQ20wNhB_M</ref> ACORN has been accused of voter fraud, facilitating tax fraud, human trafficing, and child prostitution.]]

Madeleine Talbot, a leader of the Chicago Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now (ACORN), was arrested along with ACORN members while pursuing direct action against the Chicago City Council. Talbot hired Obama to train her staff in organizing techniques. From 1992 to 2004, Obama ran leadership training sessions.<ref>[http://www.socialpolicy.org/index.php?id=838 Case Study: Chicago-The Barack Obama Campaign], By Toni Foulkes, ''Social Policy'', Winter 2003, Vol. 34, No. 2 Spring 2004, Vol. 34, No. 3.</ref> According to the ''Chicago Daily Herald'', Acorn demonstrators pushed over the metal detector and table used to screen visitors, backed police against the doors to the council chamber, and blocked late-arriving aldermen and city staff from entering the session.<ref>http://article.nationalreview.com/print/?q=NDZiMjkwMDczZWI5ODdjOWYxZTIzZGIyNzEyMjE0ODI=</ref>

In 1994 Obama represented ACORN in the ''Buycks-Roberson v. Citibank Fed. Sav. Bank'' suit against redlining. ACORN was the driving force<ref>http://www.americanthinker.com/2008/09/barack_obama_and_the_strategy.html</ref> behind a 1995 regulatory revision pushed through by the [[Clinton Administration]] that greatly expanded the [[Community Redevelopment Act]] (CRA). Obama represented ACORN before Clinton administration regulators in this effort. With the new regulations, ACORN used its subsidiary, ACORN Housing, and the threat of lawsuits under fair housing laws, to induce lenders to expand subprime lending, or so-called "toxic assets." A 2007 report by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis notes 50% of all subprime mortgages were in predominently minority census tracks.<ref>http://research.stlouisfed.org/publications/review/06/01/ChomPennCross.pdf</ref>
<ref>http://www.federalreserve.gov/pubs/feds/2008/200829/200829pap.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.frbsf.org/publications/community/cra/cra_lending_during_subprime_meltdown.pdf</ref>

In the weeks leading up to the [[2008 Presidential election]], [[MSNBC]] reported the [[FBI]] was looking into ACORN voter fraud in several states.<ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/27220798/</ref> Obama's staff worked to delay investigations into Obama's former employer. In this way, hundreds of thousands, if not many more, votes may have been overcounted. [http://www.onenewsnow.com/Election2008/Default.aspx?id=297446]

== Declining popularity==
[[File:Obama total approval august 7 2009.jpg|thumb|right|300px|center]]
In the wake of the [[financial collapse of 2008]], Obama initially enjoyed the goodwill and moderate approval ratings of Americans. The growing perception of Obama's [[socialism|far left]] agenda marked a reversal of trends particularly after the "Gates flap."<ref>http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/07/30/AR2009073004097.html</ref> [[Harvard]] Professor Henry Louis Gates Jr. was arrested on [[misdemeanor]] disturbance charges. Prof. Gates told the arresting officer, "Do you know who I am?" Gates was a personal friend of Obama.<ref>http://gretawire.blogs.foxnews.com/2009/07/23/police-and-president-obama/comment-page-2/?action=late-new</ref> When asked about the incident at a press conference, Obama charged the arresting officer with "acting stupidly." Polls shortly after revealed Obama's personal popularity and approval ratings declined significantly across the board, on every major subject and among all demographic groups.<ref>http://people-press.org/report/532/obamas-ratings-slide</ref>

The growing perception of Obama's favoritism toward influential and powerful [[Liberal Elite|elite]]s was revealed in polls, with the greatest declines among poor people, the very group Obama worked hard to court in 2008. The respected Pew Research Center noted "Some of the larger declines are among members of his own party."

An ''[[ABC News]]/[[Washington Post]]'' poll in August 2009 showed public doubt about [[health care reform]] with a rise in views the president's proposals would do more harm than good. Obama's rating on the issue hit at a new low. Fewer than half support the president's agenda with many more "strongly" opposed than "strongly" in favor. Just 36 percent of independents, support the plan, considered the crucial political center.

Obama’s approval rating for handling health care has fallen steadily since April 2009 led by a steep a 17-point slide among independents. Expectations he can accomplish so-called "reform" have dropped further. Americans disapprove of his handling of the [[deficit]] by a record 12-point margin, 53-41 percent. After sharp gains following the 2008 elections, according to the polling report "views of the country’s direction have soured; 55 percent say it’s seriously off on the wrong track." <ref>http://abcnews.go.com/images/PollingUnit/1093a3HealthCareReform.pdf</ref>

[[Fidel Castro]] was quoted by ''[[Reuters]]'' as saying, "President Barack Obama is trying to make positive changes." <ref>http://www.reuters.com/article/politicsNews/idUSB30869920090825</ref> Castro, who 50 years ago implemented in [[Cuba]] a program of change, universal health care and [[mass murder]],<ref>http://markhumphrys.com/cuba.html#History</ref>, recited the [[liberal]] [[mantra]] :
{{Cquote|I was amazed to read the wire services issued during the weekend about the US domestic policy, evidencing a systematic decline in President Barack Obama’s influence... the extreme right hates him for being an Afro-American and opposes anything the President does to improve that country....[and] will do its best to try to wear him out by hindering his program .... I wish I were wrong! <ref>[http://www.cuba.cu/gobierno/reflexiones/2009/ing/f240809i.html Reflections by ''I Wish I were Wrong''] Reflections by Comrade Fidel, Fidel Castro Ruz, August 24, 2009.</ref>}}

== Obamunism ==

:''Main article'' : [[Obamunism]]
[[File:Obamunism.jpg|thumb|left|220px]]
Critics of the Obama administration have coined the word "[[Obamunism]]" to describe Barack Obama's [[socialism|socialistic]] and "[[fascism]] light" [[economic planning]] policies ([[Benito Mussolini]] defined fascism as the wedding of state and corporate powers. Accordingly, trend forecaster [[Gerald Celente]] labels [[Obama administration corporate bailouts|Obama's corporate bailouts]] as being "fascism light" in nature).<ref>http://www.thebigmoney.com/articles/daily-intel/2009/07/20/obamunism-inc</ref><ref>http://www.smallbusinessadvocate.com/small-business-interviews/gerald-celente-6944</ref> Obamunism can also refer to Obama's [[Obama administration fiscal policy|ruinous fiscal policies]] and [[Obama admistration monetary policy|reckless monetary policies]].<ref>http://seekingalpha.com/article/120883-monetary-policynot-obama-s-stimulusis-what-needs-watching</ref><ref>http://www.nypost.com/seven/05172009/postopinion/editorials/bams_wise_words_169731.htm</ref><ref>http://blog.heritage.org/2009/03/24/bush-deficit-vs-obama-deficit-in-pictures/</ref> Under President Obama the American government's share of the national gross domestic product has significantly increased.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kABRyZdQXGw&eurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.breakingnews.com%2Fvideo%2Fdick-morris-obamas-waterloo&feature=player_embedded</ref>

[[Wall Street]] firms and banks that were bailed out were among Obama's biggest campaign supporters.<ref>http://www.opensecrets.org/pres08/contrib.php?cycle=2008&cid=N00009638</ref> Therefore, the Obama administration bailouts of corrupt, unproductive, and reckless Wall Street firms was hardly surprising, although it certainly was not helpful in making the United States economy more productive and prosperous. A 2005 study found that government corporate bailouts are often done for mere political considerations and the economic resources allocated exhibit significantly worse economic performance than resources allocated using purely business considerations.<ref>http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=676905</ref>

Top trend forecaster [[Gerald Celente]] predicts that the corrupt economic policies of the Obama administration will lead to a second [[Great Depression|great depression]] (Celente predicted the 1987 US stock market crash, the dot.com crash, the US 2008/2009 recession, and the collapse of the USSR in the early 1990s) and may lead to a "second [[American Revolution]]" (Celente predicted the [[Tea Party Movement|tax protests]] that are now occurring in America).<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8MMX3SKzrfU&feature=channel_page</ref><ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sy9bfw1ebgw&feature=response_watch</ref> Celente also asserts that the costly and inefficient temporary short term methods that the Obama administration is using to alleviate economic problems in the short term (which is causing massive increases in [[Obama administration deficit spending]]) is only making matters worse and will not prevent the worse economic depression in United States history from occurring.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_C8K7rWkGGw</ref><ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1LBffdIW0XA&feature=response_watch</ref>

The Obama adminstration has been sharply criticized for [[Obama admistration deficit spending|its massive deficit spending]] and [[Obama admistration monetary policy|its reckless monetary policy]] via vast increases in the [[money supply]].<ref>http://seekingalpha.com/article/120883-monetary-policynot-obama-s-stimulusis-what-needs-watching</ref><ref>http://www.nypost.com/seven/05172009/postopinion/editorials/bams_wise_words_169731.htm</ref><ref>http://blog.heritage.org/2009/03/24/bush-deficit-vs-obama-deficit-in-pictures/</ref> Celente predicts that if a "second American Revolution" occurs in a peaceful and productive manner, it may include a [[Third Party System|third party movement]] of governance that will advocate a more [[free market]] [[capitalism]] approach to the American economy and a more strict interpretation of the [[United States Constitution|United States constitution]] as far as the authors' [[original intent]].<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8MMX3SKzrfU&feature=channel_page</ref><ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sy9bfw1ebgw&feature=response_watch</ref>
[[Image:LarrySummers.jpg|thumb|right|200px|thumbnail|[[Larry Summers]] ]]
=== Larry Summers - Corrupt and Incompetent Chief Economic Advisor to Obama ===
[[Lawrence Summers]] is the Director of the [[White House]]'s [[National Economic Council]] (NEC) for President Barack Obama. The NEC was established to advise the U.S. President on U.S. and global economic policy.<ref>http://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/eop/nec/</ref> Larry Summers favored the bailouts of Wall Street firms and banks.<ref>http://blogs.abcnews.com/george/2009/02/obama-administr.html</ref>

A government watchdog group reports the following conflicts of interest of Larry Summers:
{{cquote|Larry Summers, the director of the National Economic Council, ...continues to accept large speaking fees from bailed out banks.

"Most of the companies paying Summers' speaking fees are found at top the list of contributors to politicians from both parties, leaving voters to wonder if there is anyone left who isn't in Wall Street's pocket."<ref>http://www.campaignmoney.org/blog/2009/04/06/larry-summers-speaking-fees-targeted-by-watchdogs</ref>}}

The [[Washington Post]] reported:
{{cquote|Lawrence Summers, the chairman of President Obama's Council of Economic Advisers, collected roughly $5.2 million in compensation from hedge fund D.E. Shaw over the past year and was paid more than $2.7 million in speaking fees from several troubled Wall Street firms and other organizations.<ref>http://voices.washingtonpost.com/44/2009/04/03/summers_raked_in_speaking_fees.html</ref>}}

Even the liberal publication [[The Nation]] declared concerning Obama's chief economic advisor Larry Summers:
{{cquote|In 1988, he was [[Michael Dukakis]]'s chief economic advisor, but when that campaign failed to bring Summers to power, he turned to America's great rival, the former [[Soviet Union]], to try out his economic experiments. In 1990, [[Lithuania]], a restive Soviet republic seeking independence, hired Summers to advise on that country's economic transformation. Poor Lithuania had no idea what it got itself into. This was Summers's first opportunity to tackle a country in economic crisis and put his wunderkind theories into practice. The results were literally suicidal: in 1990, when Summers first arrived, Lithuania's suicide rate was 26.1 per 100,000 and falling. Just five years after Summers got his hands on Lithuania's economy, life became so unbearable under the economic transition that the suicide rate nearly doubled to 45.6 per 100,000, worse than any other ex-Soviet republic in transition. In fact, it was the highest suicide rate in the world, suggesting something particularly harsh and brutal about the economic transition in that country as opposed to the others, where suffering and pain were common. Things got so bad that in 1992, after just two years of Summers-nomics, the traumatized Lithuanians voted the [[communism|communist]] party back into power, the first East European nation to do so--even though just a year earlier Lithuanians actually died on the streets fighting [[communism]].

Fresh off his success in Lithuania, Summers moved to the [[World Bank]], where he was named the chief economist in 1991, the year he issued his famous let's-pollute-Africa memo. It was also the year that Summers, and his [[Harvard]] protégé Andrei Schleifer (who worked with Summers on the Lithuania economic transformation), began their catastrophic "rescue" of Russia's crisis-ridden economy. It's a complicated story involving corruption, cronyism and economic devastation. But by the end of the 1990s, [[Russia]]'s [[GDP]] had collapsed by more than 60 percent, its population was suffering the worst death-to-birth ratio of any industrialized nation in the twentieth century, and the financial markets that Summers and Schleifer helped create had collapsed in what was then the world's biggest debt default ever. The result was the rise of [[Vladimir Putin]] and a national aversion to [[free market]]s and anything associated with Western liberalism.<ref>http://www.thenation.com/doc/20081124/ames</ref>}}

=== Larry Summers and Leftist Economics ===
George Gerald Reisman, Professor Emeritus of Economics at [[Pepperdine University]] and author of Capitalism: A Treatise on Economics, wrote that Summers socialistic ideas on redistributing wealth demonstrate that Summers is a "lightweight leftist" who "fails to understand the nature of the most essential feature of capitalism, namely, private ownership of the means of production and the indispensable role it plays in the standard of living of the average person."<ref>http://blog.mises.org/archives/009031.asp</ref> Reisman also wrote that Summers is a shallow and ignorant man whose knowledge of economics is minimal and whose evil views qualify him to be the economic advisor to [[Hugo Chavez]] of [[Venezuela]] or [[Robert Mugabe]] of [[Zimbabwe]], but do not qualify him to be an economic advisor to the President of the United States.<ref>http://blog.mises.org/archives/009031.asp</ref>

== Obama Administration Health Care Plan and Its Advocacy Methods ==
:''Main article'': [[Obamacare]]
Senior citizens are key Democratic party constituents that could kill [[Socialized medicine|Obama's socialistic health care plan]].<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsImVGsFlmA</ref> Recently, President Obama falsely claimed that the senior citizen group [[AARP]] endorsed his administration's health care plan when they never made such an endorsement.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Zxf5ELaC4Q&feature=channel_page</ref> In addition, Barack Obama's "Disinformation Czar" (whose supposed job was to correct disinformation that others are spreading about the Obama administration's health care plan) was recently caught spreading misleading information.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w4HgDfNsH3M&feature=channel_page</ref> Skepticism is mounting concerning Obama's health care plan and Obama himself and the skepticism is growing for valid reasons.<ref>http://www.buffalonews.com/248/story/762324.html</ref> For example, the usually pro-Obama news organization the [[Associated Press]] recently published an article which was critical of Obama that was entitled ''FACT CHECK: Obama's health care claims adrift''?<ref>http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5gayIiVSnEX8h2nbrvI2X4a9eo4qQD99K0NP00</ref>

The [[Association of American Physicians and Surgeons]] (AAPS) maintains there are no redeeming provisions of Obama's health care plan and offers a number of criticisms.<ref>http://www.aapsonline.org/newsoftheday/00377</ref> The AAPS maintains that Obama's plan will significantly increase the overall cost of health care to the United States public plus reduce the quality of care that the system provides.<ref>http://www.aapsonline.org/newsoftheday/00377</ref> Political analyst and commentator [[Dick Morris]] has asserted that Obama's health care plan will lead to the significant rationing of senior health care which will decrease the life span of senior citizens.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsImVGsFlmA</ref>
=== Obama Administration Health Care Plan and Liberal Elitism ===
[[File:arrogant_obama.jpg|right|125px|thumbnail|Barack Obama ]]
In 2007, when Obama was running for the office of President of the United States, he promised Americans "health care that is as good as the health care that I have as a member of Congress."<ref>http://www.emaxhealth.com/10/18430.html</ref> However, recently when a newspaper reporter pressed Obama on whether he would commit to Americans having the same health care as congressmen, Obama repeatedly refused to commit to his previous promise of Americans having the same coverage as members of Congress.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YvzLDb2igKM</ref> President Obama merely claimed Americans would have health care coverage that would "largely match up" with what members of Congress have.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YvzLDb2igKM</ref> President Obama also stated he is constantly followed around by a personal physician.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YvzLDb2igKM</ref> The Obama administration's [[Liberal Elite|liberal elitism]] is not unusual when it comes to health care. For example, [[Belinda Stronach]], a former Member of the Canadian Parliament, chose to have a surgical treatment in the United States rather than be treated in Canada for her condition ([[Canada]] has a [[socialized medicine]] system of health care).<ref>http://blogs.dailymail.com/donsurber/2007/09/14/canadian-official-refuses-canadian-health-care/</ref>

Congressman [[John Fleming]] has offered a legislative amendment that would require United States congressmen and senators to take the same health care plan they try to force on others (under proposed legislation they are curiously exempt). Congressman Fleming is encouraging people to go to his website and sign his petition.<ref>http://fleming.house.gov/index.html</ref>

== Barack Obama and Liberal Elitism ==
Obama has consistently shown himself to be a [[Liberal Elite|liberal elitist]] who looks down on "ordinary" Americans. Asked to explain why small town [[Democrats]] do not support him while campaigning for the [[Pennsylvania]] primary, Obama replied "it's not surprising, then, they get bitter, they cling to guns or religion or antipathy to people who aren't like them or anti-immigrant sentiment or anti-trade sentiment as a way to explain their frustrations." When Obama made this remark he was alluding to small town people who had experienced long periods of joblessness. In response to outrage when his remarks were unexpectedly publicized, Obama did not recount his statement but instead replied, I "didn't say it as well as I should have."<ref>http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7344532.stm</ref> Although many rural counties went for McCain, Obama carried the state with 54.6% of the vote, compared to 44.3% for John McCain.<ref>[http://www.electionreturns.state.pa.us/ElectionsInformation.aspx?FunctionID=13&ElectionID=28&OfficeID=1]</ref>

In an attempt to counter the view by many that Obama is an elitist, he began running campaign ads claiming that he "worked his way through college and Harvard Law." This claim is at best an exaggeration, as Obama only held summer jobs while in college and law school<ref>http://www.factcheck.org/elections-2008/obamas_work_claim.html</ref>, and he would have likely benefited from special scholarships not available to most students.
===Obama's Charitable Giving===

''For more information please see'': [[Barack Obama and uncharitableness]]

[[File:Poor-woman.jpg|right|thumb|300px|In the years 2000 through 2004, before becoming a United States Senator and being in the public spotlight, Obama gave less than 2% of his earnings to charity even though he made about $250,000 per year (In the years 2000 to 2002, Barack Obama gave less than 1% of his income to charity).<ref>http://patterico.com/2008/10/31/obama-and-bidens-charitable-giving-they-dont-want-to-spread-their-own-wealth-around/</ref><ref>http://atangledweb.squarespace.com/httpatangledwebsquarespace/obamas-charitable-contributions.html</ref> For more information please see: [[Barack Obama and uncharitableness]] ]]
In the years 2000 through 2004, before becoming a United States Senator and being in the public spotlight, Obama gave less than 2% of his earnings to charity even though he made $250,000 per year. Since becoming a national figure, that amount has jumped to about 6%.<ref>http://patterico.com/2008/10/31/obama-and-bidens-charitable-giving-they-dont-want-to-spread-their-own-wealth-around/</ref>

Below is Obama's charitable giving expressed as percentage of his income for the years of 2000 to 2006 when he was earning about $250,000 per year:

*2000: 0.9%
*2001: 0.5%
*2002: 0.4%
*2003: 1.4%
*2004: 1.2%
*2005: 4.7%
*2006: 6.1%<ref>http://atangledweb.squarespace.com/httpatangledwebsquarespace/obamas-charitable-contributions.html</ref>

Obama's charitable giving pattern is not surprising given what we know about United States [[liberal]] politicians and charitable giving and also the charitable giving in the general population of liberals in the United States.<ref>http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=1c5_1238044128&c=1</ref><ref>http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2008/03/conservatives_more_liberal_giv.html</ref>

===Liberal politicians and uncharitableness ===

''For more information please see'': [[Liberal politicians and uncharitablenes]]

The political magazine the ''[[American Spectator]]'' declared:
{{cquote|The last two Democratic Party nominees for President have come up short on the charity scale. [[Al Gore]] has been famously stingy when it comes to actually giving his own money to charities. In 1998 he was embarrassed when his tax returns revealed that he gave just $353 to charity...

Senator [[John Kerry]] likewise has a poor record. In 1995 he gave zero to charity, but did spend $500,000 to buy a half stake in a seventeenth century painting. In 1993, he gave $175 to the needy. Later, of course, Kerry married the rich widow Theresa Heinz, and today is active in charitable causes using the Heinz foundation as his vehicle...

[Senator Ted] [[Ted Kennedy|Kennedy]]’s tax returns are obviously a closely guarded secret. But when he chose to run for President in the 1970s, he released some of them. With a net worth of more than $8 million in the early 1970s and an income of $461,444 from a series of family trusts, Senator Robin Hood gave barely 1 percent of his income to charity. The sum is about as much as Kennedy claimed as a write-off on his fifty-foot sailing sloop Curragh.<ref>http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=1c5_1238044128&c=1</ref>}}

===Liberals and uncharitableness ===

''For more information please see'': [[Liberals and uncharitableness]]

In March of 2008, [[George Will]] cited a study by Arthur C. Brooks, a professor at [[Syracuse University]], which indicated that American liberal households earn more than conservative American households but give less to charity.<ref>http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2008/03/conservatives_more_liberal_giv.html</ref> In addition American conservatives donate more time and given more blood than American liberals.<ref>http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2008/03/conservatives_more_liberal_giv.html</ref>

=== Barack Obama's Brother George Obama and Poverty ===
[[File:Barack Obamas Brother in Bengo-002.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[George Obama]]]]
In August of 2008 the NY Daily News reported the following concerning Obama and his half-brother George Obama:
{{cquote|Barack Obama wants to live in the White House - but his youngest half-brother lives in the poorhouse.

George Obama, one of the candidate's seven living half-siblings, lives on pennies a month in a hut in Africa, the Italian edition of Vanity Fair revealed.

"No one knows who I am," George Obama, 26, told the magazine. "I live like a recluse, no one knows I exist."

He lives on the outskirts of Nairobi in a 65-square-foot shack decorated with posters of the Italian soccer clubs AC Milan and Inter, and a calendar of beaches.

I live here on less than a dollar a month," he said....<ref>http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/2008/08/20/2008-08-20_barack_obamas_povertystricken_halfbrothe.html</ref>

A spokesman for Barack Obama declined repeated requests for comment yesterday.

George Obama said he met his famous brother as a 5-year-old, and again in 2006 when Obama toured East Africa and visited Nairobi.

"It was very brief - we spoke for just a few minutes," he said.<ref>http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/2008/08/20/2008-08-20_barack_obamas_povertystricken_halfbrothe.html</ref>}}

In September of 2008, [[National Review]] featured an article by [[Dinesh D'Souza]] which declared:
{{cquote|George Obama’s shack measures six feet by ten feet, and yet he says that Barack Obama has done nothing to reach out to him or to help him. “I live like a recluse. If anyone says something about my surname, I say we are not related. I am ashamed.”<ref>http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=YTk1OTc2ZGVlNjg2NmU1YTlkMGJjZjk5OGEzMzIxYjA=</ref>}}

A critic of Barack Obama's uncharitableness towards his brother wrote:
{{cquote|Well, they say charity begins at home, but it hasn't apparently in this case. Hearing about what George is going through, you can't help but wonder why his brother Barack won't send the guy $20? I mean it would double his annual income.<ref>http://www.zimbio.com/George+Hussein+Onyango+Obama/articles/3/George+Obama+Barack+Obama+Brother+Fights+Life</ref>}}

Asked by Harry Smith from CBS about Obama leaving the campaign to visit his ailing grandmother, Obama replied, "Yeah, well, the -- I think most people understand that if you're not caring for your family, then you're probably not the kind of person who's going to be caring for other people." <ref>[http://newsbusters.org/blogs/kyle-drennen/2008/10/23/cbs-s-smith-compares-obama-lincoln-obama-attacks-hannity CBS’s Smith Compares Obama to Lincoln; Obama Attacks Hannity] NewsBusters.org, October 23, 2008</ref>
[[File:KenyaSlumR 468x301.jpg|right|200px|thumbnail|[[George Obama]]'s neighborhood]]

=== Barack Obama's Treatment of George Obama and Barack Obama's Inaugural Speech ===

Barack Obama's treatment of George Obama is particularly ironic and hypocritical given Barack Obama's inaugural speech.

Barack Obama declared in his inaugural speech:
{{cquote|To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow; to nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds. And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no longer afford indifference to the suffering outside our borders; nor can we consume the world's resources without regard to effect. For the world has changed, and we must change with it."<ref>http://uk.oneworld.net/guides/guidesweek/obama-inauguration-speech-world-poverty</ref>}}
[[Image:CharlesDarwin.jpg|thumb|125px|right|[[Charles Darwin]] ]]

=== Barack Obama's Uncharitableness/Liberal Elitism and Social Darwinism ===

''See also'': [[Social effects of the theory of evolution]]

[[Barack Obama and uncharitableness|Barack Obama's recent pattern of charitable giving]] and [[Barack Obama and liberal elitism|Barack Obama's liberal elitism]] is consistent with Obama being a [[Narcissism|narcissist]] which is a charge that has often been made against Barack Obama.<ref>http://www.americanthinker.com/2008/09/obama_oprah_and_the_guru_malig_1.html</ref> However, it is also true that Barack Obama is an [[evolution|evolutionist]]. Barack Obama told the ''York Daily Record'' that "I believe in [[evolution]]...".<ref>http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1999910/posts</ref> Barack Obama's recent pattern of charitable giving and liberal elitism is also in accordance with someone who has a certain degree of [[Social Darwinism|social darwinistic]] thinking. In addition to [[Liberals and uncharitableness|American liberals giving less to charity]], it also true that [[Theory of evolution and liberalism|American liberals are also more likely to believe in evolution]].

==Michelle Obama and Liberal Elitism==

''For more information please see:'' [[Michelle Obama and liberal elitism]]

=== Michelle Obama and Patient Dumping Allegations ===

[[Michelle Malkin]] and others allege that [[Michelle Obama]] created a [[Patient dumping|patient dumping]] scheme for a Chicago health care facility.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=80YK2o3kq0E</ref><ref>http://www.americanthinker.com/2009/03/michelle_obamas_patientdumping_1.html</ref><ref>http://hotair.com/archives/2009/07/23/video-did-michelle-obama-start-a-patient-dumping-program/</ref> In March of 2009, the ''[[American Thinker]]'' wrote:
{{cquote|Substantial coverage was given to a recent indictment of the program by the American College of Emergency Physicians. ACEP's president, Dr. Nick Jouriles, released a statement suggesting that the initiative comes "dangerously close to ‘patient dumping,' a practice made illegal by the Emergency Medical Labor and Treatment Act, and reflected an effort to ‘cherry pick' wealthy patients over poor."<ref>http://www.americanthinker.com/2009/03/michelle_obamas_patientdumping_1.html</ref>}}

=== Michelle Obama and Food Bank Incident ===
[[Image:Obama_Michelle.jpg|right|thumb|[[Michelle Obama]] is reported to have worn $540 shoes to a food bank.<ref>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/04/29/michelle-obama-wears-silv_n_193138.html</ref><ref>http://christwire.org/2009/05/michelle-obama-makes-fun-of-homeless-by-wearing-540-shoes-to-a-food-bank/</ref>]]
In May of 2008, the following was reported:
{{cquote|[[Michelle Obama]] continued to flaunt her money recently, as she made fun of homeless people by wearing $540 shoes to a food bank.

What a sick day and age we live in when millionaires endlessly gallivant around the globe in their jets and fancy clothes, but still make sure to remind the poor of just how little they have in pocket.

This is just more proof of how the liberal elite live these extravagant lives and are not in touch with us common people. We do all the hard work of fighting wars and building up this country, while they enjoy the fruits of our labor and control all the wealth.

My stomach churns with disgust because of these types of liberal antics and disregard for human life. For just about $5 a day, you can feed a starving child in Africa. With $540, Michelle Obama could by a struggling American family a month’s worth of groceries.<ref>http://christwire.org/2009/05/michelle-obama-makes-fun-of-homeless-by-wearing-540-shoes-to-a-food-bank/</ref><ref>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/04/29/michelle-obama-wears-silv_n_193138.html</ref>}}

[[Powerline]] offers the following criticism of Michelle Obama:
{{cquote|She says that she and Barack were born to parents of modest means, not with "silver spoons" in their mouths. Nobody knows the trouble they've seen. The burden of paying for her undergraduate education at [[Princeton]] and her law school education at [[Harvard]] has scarred her. It remains a motif of her stump speech. No one is accorded a chance to ask her if she thought about attending the University of Illinois, or if she's grateful for any of the financial assistance that facilitated her and her husband's attendance at the finest institutions of higher learning in the United States.<ref>http://www.powerlineblog.com/archives/2008/05/020456.php</ref>}}

[[Image:Democrat Obama during the Pledge.jpg|325px|thumb|right|'''Obama stands with folded hands''' while [[Bill Richardson]] and [[Hillary Clinton]] honor the flag by placing their hands over their heart during the [[National Anthem]]. [http://rawstory.com/news/2007/Obama_doesnt_put_hand_over_heart_1022.html See Video] ]]
==Presidential Election (2008)==
:''See Main article'' : [[Barack Hussein Obama 2008 Presidential campaign]]

Senator Obama won the 2008 Presidential election, with over 52% of the popular vote. He carried every state that [[John Kerry]] won in 2004, in addition to Iowa, North Carolina, Ohio, Virginia, Colorado, New Mexico, Nevada, Florida, and Indiana. Of the 127 million votes cast, Obama beat John McCain by 8 million total votes.<ref>http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/</ref> [http://images.newsmax.com/misc/2008_Election_Map.jpg See county breakdown map] <ref>[www.cnn.com/election]</ref>

==Presidency (2009-Present)==

The Obama adminsitration was wracked by [[scandal]]s from its earliest days. See: [[Obama Administration]].

===Obama is likely the first Muslim President===
[[Image:OBAMA MUSULMAN.jpg|left|thumb|'''Then-Senator Obama wearing traditional African garb''', a gift from his hosts while visiting Kenya<ref>[http://sweetness-light.com/archive/obama-wore-muslim-gear-during-kenya-trip]</ref>]]
The argument that Obama is a Muslim includes:

*Obama declared in prepared remarks, "The United States has been enriched by '''Muslim Americans'''. Many other Americans have Muslims in their families or have lived in a Muslim-majority country - I know, because '''I am one of them'''."<ref>http://middleeast.about.com/b/2009/04/06/obama-in-turkey-at-the-gates-of-islam.htm </ref>
*Obama's background, education, and outlook are [[Muslim]], and fewer than 1% of Muslims convert to Christianity.<ref>http://www.religionnewsblog.com/17736/barack-obama-2</ref><ref>http://www.faithfreedom.org/oped/sina31103.htm. During the third and fourth grades, Obama learned about Islam for two hours each week in religion class, according to the LATimes. [http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/nation/bal-te.obama16mar16,0,1634059,print.story?coll=bal_news_nation_promo Campaign downplays his connection during boyhood in Indonesia, Baltimore Sun, March 16, 2007]</ref>
*Obama's middle name (Hussein) references '''Husayn''', who was the grandson of [[Muhammad]],<ref>A Brief History of The Fourteen Infallibles. Qum: Ansariyan Publications. 2004.</ref><ref>al-Qarashi, Baqir Shareef (2007). The life of Imam Husain. Qum: Ansariyan Publications.</ref> which most Christians would not retain.<ref>Only after Obama became politically ambitious did he declare himself to be a [[Christian]], yet he never replaced his [[Muslim]] name "Hussein" with a Christian one as most do when they undergo a religious conversion. For example, when the Italian journalist Magdi Allam recently converted to Christianity, he took a new name: "Cristiano".[http://www.catholic.org/international/international_story.php?id=30814] When Saul became a Christian, he changed his name to "Paul"; when the famous boxer Cassius Clay converted to [[Islam]], he took the Muslim name of [[Muhammad Ali]]. "It is common for those converting to a new religion to change their name on conversion"[http://www.ukdp.co.uk/pages/religiousconversion.php] or adopt a Christian name at [[baptism]].[http://www.answers.com/topic/christian-name]</ref>
*Obama mentioned his religion as "[[my Muslim faith]]."<ref>Obama declared, "John McCain has not talked about my Muslim faith."[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XKGdkqfBICw]</ref>
*He has said that "Islam can be compatible with the modern world."<ref> [http://www.newsweek.com/id/145971 Barack Obama's Christian Journey | Newsweek Politics: Campaign 2008]</ref>
*Obama said the Muslim call to prayer is "one of the prettiest sounds on Earth at sunset," and recited "with a first-class [[Arabic]] accent" the opening lines: Allah is Supreme! ... I witness that there is no god but Allah ...."<ref>http://www.wnd.com/index.php?pageId=78309</ref>
*Obama stated that the autobiography of Malcolm X, a Nation of Islam leader who became a Muslim, inspired him in his youth.<ref>For example, Obama writes in his own autobiography, "Only Malcolm X's autobiography seemed to offer something different. His repeated acts of self-creation spoke to me. The blunt poetry of his words, his unadorned insistence on respect, promised a new and uncompromising order, martial in its discipline, forged through sheer force of will. ... [E]ven as I imagine myself following Malcolm's call, one line in the book stayed with me. He spoke of a wish he'd once had, the wish that the white blood that ran through him, there by an act of violence, might somehow be expunged."[http://www.americanthinker.com/2008/04/does_obama_know_america.html]</ref>
*Obama raised nearly $1 million and campaigned for a [[Kenyan]] presidential candidate who had a written agreement with [[Muslim]] leaders promising to convert Kenya to an Islamic state that bans Christianity.<ref> [http://www.worldnetdaily.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=78324] Text of the agreement, as three images: [http://www.worldnetdaily.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=78323]</ref>
*Obama's claims of conversion to Christianity arose after he became politically ambitious, lacking a date of conversion or baptism.<ref>In his book, Obama oddly claims to have been baptized without giving his age or date, and later gave a date that postdates his political ambition (1992).</ref>
*In the book ''Obama,"Renegade"'' his friends say that "he actually really wasn't much of a churchgoer." <ref>[http://newsbusters.org/blogs/jeff-poor/2009/06/16/wolffe-president-missed-rev-wright-s-racist-rants-because-he-wasn-t-much- Wolffe: President Missed Rev. Wright’s Racist Rants Because 'He Wasn’t Much of a Churchgoer'] NewsBusters.org, June 16, 2009</ref>
*On the campaign trail, Obama was reading "The Post-American World" by [[Fareed Zakaria]],<ref>http://www.canada.com/topics/news/world/story.html?id=fa8cf1bf-2cc8-4d6e-b72d-a07d406e19ff</ref> which is written from a Muslim point-of-view.<ref>http://www.villagevoice.com/2005-08-09/news/the-interpreter/</ref>
*Contrary to [[Christianity]], the Islamic doctrine of [[taqiyya]] encourages adherents to deny they are Muslim if it advances the cause of Islam.
*Obama uses the Muslim Pakistani pronunciation for "Pakistan" rather than the common American one.<ref>Obama repeatedly pronounced "Pakistan" as "Pokiston" in the first presidential debate.</ref>
*Obama was thoroughly exposed to Christianity as an adult in Chicago prior to attending law school, yet no one at law school saw him display any interest in converting. Obama unabashedly explained how he became "churched" in a 2007 speech: "It's around that time [while working as an organizer for the Developing Communities Project (DCP) of the Calumet Community Religious Conference (CCRC) in Chicago] that some pastors I was working with came around and asked if I was a member of a church. 'If you're organizing churches,' they said, 'it might be helpful if you went to a church once in a while.' And I thought, 'I guess that makes sense.'"<ref>[http://www.speroforum.com/site/article.asp?id=15363 Obama, ACORN, and the churches] SperoNews, October 7, 2008</ref>
*Obama is mentioned as helping to organize the 1995 million man march led by black [[Muslim]] leader [[Louis Farrakhan]] from the [[Nation of Islam]]. <ref>[http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=9291850 Louis Farrakhan Biography] Biography.com</ref>
*Obama refuses to refer to the United States as "''our country''", "What I think we know separate and apart from this incident -- is that there is a long history '''in this country''' of African-Americans and Latinos being stopped by law enforcement disproportionately, and that's just a fact."[8]
*Obama has chosen the [[Secret Service]] code name "Renegade". "Renegade" conventionally describes someone who goes against normal conventions of behavior, but its first usage was to describe someone who has turned from their religion. It is a word derived from the [[Spanish]] ''renegado'', meaning "Christian turned Muslim."<ref>http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/barackobama/3452281/Renegade-and-Renaissance-Obama-to-replace-Trailblazer-and-Tempo-Bush-in-the-White-House.html</ref>
*Obama enjoyed a bigger increase in voter support in 2008 (compared to 2004) by Muslims than by any other voting group, including blacks;<ref>http://www.altmuslim.com/a/a/a/2873/</ref> "Muslim turnout in the U.S. elections reached 95 percent, the highest Muslim turnout in U.S. history."<ref>http://newsweek.washingtonpost.com/postglobal/islamsadvance/2008/11/is_obama_the_muslim_worlds_sup.html</ref>
*"President-elect [[Barack Obama]] has yet to attend [Sunday] church services since winning the [[White House]] earlier ..., a departure from the example of his two immediate predecessors."<ref>http://www.politico.com/news/stories/1108/15902.html</ref><ref>http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/washingtondc/la-na-obama-religion26-2008dec26,0,1910913.story</ref>
*Obama used his Muslim middle name when sworn in as President.<ref>http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/ET_Cetera/Obama_to_take_oath_using_middle_name_/articleshow/3813120.cms</ref><ref>http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/12/10/politics/main4660590.shtml?source=RSSattr=Politics_4660590</ref>
*Obama botched his public oath of office in which he placed his hand on a Bible, then chose not to use the Bible for his real, private oath.
[[Image:Obamabow.jpg|thumb|right|250px|'''President Obama bowing to the King of Saudi Arabia''' - April 2009]]
*'''At the G20 summit in April 2009, Obama bowed deeply to Saudi King Abdullah, a Muslim who is also the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques.'''<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LEUif1--r38&feature=player_embedded Video of Obama bowing almost to King's waist]</ref> Never before in the history of the U.S. has a president displayed such shocking deference to a foreign official and Obama has not bowed to any other royal leaders. Obama later stated, "We have to change our behavior in showing the Muslim world greater respect."<ref>http://washingtontimes.com/news/2009/apr/07/barack-takes-a-bow/</ref> Obama's spin doctors and left-wing apologists dismissed the obviousness of the bow. One anonymous aide stated, "It wasn't a bow. He grasped his hand with two hands, and he's taller than King Abdullah."<ref>http://www.politico.com/blogs/bensmith/0409/White_House_No_bow_to_Saudi.html</ref> However, in video of the incident, Obama's left hand can clearly be seen staying at his side until after he had finished his bow.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9WlqW6UCeaY</ref> Additionally, Obama also met with Queen Elizabeth, who is much shorter than King Abdullah, but he did not bow when he shook her hand and neither he nor the queen appeared to have any difficulty.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=71N34K9EVLU</ref> (Many liberals and even a handful of conservatives have proposed that President Bush also bowed before King Abdullah.<ref>http://littlegreenfootballs.com/article/33289_Bush_Bowed_Too</ref> However, there is a vast, inexorable difference between bending down to receive a medal as Bush did and bowing in deference to a foreign leader as Obama did.)
*Obama required that a religiously affiliated college take the extraordinary action of concealing with wood the monogram "IHS", which represents the name of Jesus, during a speech by Obama there<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/politics/first100days/2009/04/16/georgetown-university-hid-religious-symbols-white-house-request/ Georgetown hides Jesus' name at request of Obama's White House]</ref>

Obama tries to downplay his [[Islamic]] background by claiming that his [[Kenya|Kenyan]] [[Muslim]] father was a "confirmed [[atheist]]" before Obama was born, but in fact less than 1% of Kenyans are atheists, agnostics, or non-religious.<ref>http://www.adherents.com/Na/Na_14.html</ref> There is apparently no evidence of any Christian activities or local church participation by Obama while he was in Massachusetts from 1988 to 1991, nor of Barack Obama's joining of a Mosque (The Islamic house of worship) at any time in his life. Finally, Obama abruptly left his radical Christian church in Chicago in 2008, when it became politically controversial, without first finding another church to join. On April 7, 2009, Obama visited a mosque in Istanbul, Turkey.<ref>http://www.breitbart.com/article.php?id=CNG.c2e3700ab4e271bc32827b0fccfe560b.421&show_article=1</ref>

===Enemies list===
In July 2009 suspicisions arose over reports the Obama administration was creating a network<ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/27655039/</ref> of domestic informants and began compiling an enemies list. In a letter to President Obama, U.S. Sen. [[John Cornyn]], R-Texas, expressed serious concern about the White House's new program requesting Americans to forward email chains and other communications opposing the President's [[health care reform]] policies. Sen. Cornyn asked for assurances that the program was being carried out in a manner consistent with the [[First Amendment]] and America's tradition of [[free speech]] and public discourse.
[[File:Maria-and-Che.jpg|thumb|left|275px|A community organizer poses in front of [[mass murder]]er [[Che Guevara]] poster during the 2008 campaign; [http://patterico.com/2009/08/14/roxana-mayer-invited-to-town-hall-by-obama-organizer-who-sported-che-guevara-poster-at-obama-campaign-office/] the same community organizer [http://my.barackobama.com/page/event/detail/4r9wf] falsely represented herself as a physician during a Townhall meeting on [[healthcare reform]] in 2009.
[http://beltwayblips.dailyradar.com/story/roxana_mayer_im_not_a_doctor_but_i_play_one_at_town/] ]]
Sen. Cornyn's letter also inquired about the collection of names, email addresses, IP addresses, and private speech of U.S. citizens that informants report, and raises the specter of a data collection program.
{{Cquote|I am not aware of any precedent for a President asking American citizens to report their fellow citizens to the White House for pure political speech that is deemed ‘fishy' or otherwise inimical to the White House's political interests. You should not be surprised that these actions taken by your White House staff raise the specter of a data collection program. As Congress debates health care reform and other critical policy matters, citizen engagement must not be chilled by fear of government monitoring the exercise of [[free speech]] rights.<ref>http://cornyn.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=ForPress.NewsReleases&ContentRecord_id=ebc2c77d-802a-23ad-4ae4-6ccf4c7a255c</ref>}}
Congressman Darrell Issa also expressed grave concern about the administration blurring the lines between political and official business by collecting data on administration critics.<ref>http://abcnews.go.com/print?id=8352544</ref>

=== Health care disinformation ===
A webpage at whitehouse.gov entitled "Reality Check" claims that the president's program "would be fully paid for over 10 years, and it would not add one penny to the deficit."<ref>http://www.whitehouse.gov/realitycheck/faq</ref> The [[CBO]] is mandated to prepare cost estimates and to show how individual legislative proposals would change spending or revenue levels under current law.<ref>http://www.cbo.gov/aboutcbo/budgetprocess.shtml</ref> A July 15 2009 letter from the CBO made this assessment,
{{Cquote|enacting the proposal would result in a net increase in the federal budget deficits of about $1.0 trillion over the 2010-2019 period."<ref>http://www.cbo.gov/ftpdocs/103xx/doc10310/06-15-HealthChoicesAct.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.cnsnews.com/public/content/article.aspx?RsrcID=52306</ref>}}

==Early life ==

Barack Hussein Obama II claims to have been born in [[Honolulu]], [[Hawaii]] to Barack Sr. and Stanley Ann Dunham in 1961, but there is evidence<ref>http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2008/oct/14/the-jihadist-vote/</ref> that he may have actually been born in Kenya. In 1967, he moved with his mother and new stepfather to Jakarta, [[Indonesia]]. He attended a [[Catholic]] elementary school for two years, followed by an Indonesian public school for two years. Media scrutiny revealed that the [[secular]] public school he attended was not a [[madrassa]], which teaches Islam. On days off in observance of Islamic holidays he spent praying in a Mosque with his stepfather. <ref>[http://www.newsmax.com/insidecover/pipes_obama_muslim/2008/10/09/138898.html Obama 'Lying' About Muslim Past, Expert Says] NewsMax, October 9, 2008</ref> Stanley Ann Dunham and the young Obama left Indonesia about 1970 for Hawaii where he attended the Punahou School, a leading private preparatory school where he graduated in 1979.
[[File:FrankMarshallDavis2.jpg|right|202px|thumb|'''Frank Marshall Davis, Communist Party Card No. 47544.'''<ref>[http://www.usasurvival.org/docs/Frank_Marshall_Davis_5.pdf FBI file Frank Marshall Davis], v.5 p. 58 pdf.</ref> The [[U.S. Congress]] found the Communist Party an "instrumentality of a [[conspiracy]]...the agency of a hostile foreign power."<ref>[http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode50/usc_sec_50_00000841----000-.html Subversive Activities Control Act of 1950], 50 U.S. Code Chapter 23 Subchapter IV Sec. 841</ref> The [[FBI]] placed Davis in its security index, meaning he could be detained in the event of a national emergency.<ref>[http://www.usasurvival.org/docs/Frank_Marshall_Davis_3.pdf FBI File 100-15799 Frank Marshall Davis], v. 3 p. 26.</ref> Davis was an early influence on Obama.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=HRCHJp-V0QUC&pg=PA220&dq=Frank%2Brecognizing+their+struggle+as+my+own#v=onepage&q=&f=false ''Dreams from My Father: A Story of Race and Inheritance''], By Barack Obama, Random House, 2007, pp. 89-91, 96-98, .</ref>]]
''[[Political Affairs]]'' magazine describes itself as "affiliated with the [[Communist Party USA]],"<ref>http://www.politicalaffairs.net/article/static/17/1/3/</ref> (CPUSA) published a speech by Prof. Gerald Horne upon receipt of the CPUSA archives at the Tamiment Library at New York University on March 28 2007. Prof. Horne stated,
{{Cquote|an African-American poet and journalist by the name of [[Frank Marshall Davis]]...befriended another family – a Euro-American family – that had migrated to Honolulu...a young woman from this family eventually had a child with a young student from [[Kenya]] ...who retracing the steps of Davis eventually decamped to Chicago. In his bestselling memoir ''Dreams of my Father'', the author speaks warmly of an older black poet...as being a decisive influence in helping him to find his present identity as an African-American... At some point in the future, a teacher will add to her syllabus Barack’s memoir and instruct her students to read it alongside Frank Marshall Davis’ equally affecting memoir...when that day comes...a future student will ...examine critically the Frankenstein monsters that US imperialism created in order to subdue Communist parties..."<ref>[http://www.politicalaffairs.net/article/articleview/5047/ Rethinking the History and Future of the Communist Party],By Gerald Horne, ''Political Affairs magazine, March 28 2007.</ref>}}

evoking the language in [[Chairman Mao]]'s ''Little Red Book'',
{{Cquote|unite and defeat the U.S. aggressors... Monsters of all kinds shall be destroyed.<ref>''Statement Supporting the People of the Congo (L.) Against U.S. Aggression'' (November 28, 1964), ''People of the World, Unite and Defeat the U.S. Aggressors and All Their Lackeys'', 2nd ed., p. 14. Cited in Quotations from Mao Tse Tung from: 1927 - 1964, Mao Tse Tung, [http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/works/red-book/ch07.htm Chapter 7 Dare to Struggle and Dare to Win], Peking Foreign Languages Press, 1966. Online Version: Mao Tse Tung Internet Archive (marxists.org) 2000.</ref>}}

In the 1995 book, ''Dreams from my Father'', the author wrote Obama learned to respect Davis's struggles, "recognizing them as my own." Obama sought Davis's advise as he left for college.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=HRCHJp-V0QUC&pg=PA97&dq=manipulate+words+so+they+don%27t+mean+anything+anymore#v=onepage&q=manipulate%20words%20so%20they%20don't%20mean%20anything%20anymore&f=false ''Dreams from My Father: A Story of Race and Inheritance''], By Barack Obama, Random House, 2007, pp. 97, 220.</ref> Initially Obama attended Occidental College in Los Angeles, [[California]], before transferring to [[Columbia University]] in New York, [[New York]] and graduating without honors as a Bachelor of Arts degree, majoring in [[political science]]. Obama refuses to describe his academic performance at Columbia despite commenting about New York during this period and despite disclosures of the academic record for all other major-party presidential candidates since at least 2000.<ref>http://www.nysun.com/new-york/obamas-years-at-columbia-are-a-mystery/85015/</ref>

===Birth Certificate Controversy===
:''Main article'' : [[Barack Obama birthplace controversy]]
[[Image:Obamapullup2.JPG|325px|thumb|left|'''Candidate Obama cultivated an image''' of sportsmanship and competition; as President, Obama ridiculed disabled people who compete in the [[Special Olympics]]. The comments "set us back decades," according to the program's director. <ref>[http://archives.chicagotribune.com/2009/mar/20/local/chi-090320obama-special-olympics-react Special Olympics chief responds to Obama gaffe], Stacy St Clair, ''Chicago Tribune'', March 20, 2009]</ref>([http://www.necn.com/Boston/Politics/2009/03/20/Obamas-comment-sets-us-back/1237552251.html Video])
]]
During the democratic primaries the Clinton Campaign led a smear campaign against the validity of Barack Obama's Hawaii Birth certificate, claiming that it was false and that he was ineligible for Presidency. <ref>[http://campaignspot.nationalreview.com/post/?q=ZTgxZmIwNTg0OWVhMWJkODNmZjI4ZjY4Mjg2OWRmNzI= http://campaignspot.nationalreview.com/post/?q=ZTgxZmIwNTg0OWVhMWJkODNmZjI4ZjY4Mjg2OWRmNzI=]</ref> After initially refusing to produce a birth certificate in response to such rumors, the Obama campaign eventually endorsed a document posted on the Daily Kos as
authentic.<ref>[http://www.dailykos.com/storyonly/2008/6/12/11012/6168/320/534616 Obama's Birth Certificate]</ref> The response is split regarding the birth certificate. Some commentators, such as those at the National Review, are satisfied with the document.<ref>[http://campaignspot.nationalreview.com/post/?q=NWVjN2I1MjlhM2ZjZjRjYzBkODAxZjZkZGQyYWNkMDk= http://campaignspot.nationalreview.com/post/?q=NWVjN2I1MjlhM2ZjZjRjYzBkODAxZjZkZGQyYWNkMDk=]</ref> However, some analysts claim that the birth certificate is false.<ref>[http://web.israelinsider.com/Articles/Politics/12939.htm http://web.israelinsider.com/Articles/Politics/12939.htm]</ref>

On August 21st, 2008, Factcheck.org published an article regarding the controversy.<ref>[http://www.factcheck.org/elections-2008/born_in_the_usa.html Born in the U.S.A.]</ref> The site stated, "FactCheck.org staffers have now seen, touched, examined and photographed the original birth certificate. We conclude that it meets all of the requirements from the State Department for proving U.S. citizenship." In addition, the site posted high-resolution photographs of the birth certificate, which clearly showed the raised seal, stamp of Hawaii state registrar Alvin T. Onaka, and certificate number. The birth date corresponds to a birth announcement published in the ''Honolulu Advertiser '' on Sunday, August 13, 1961. <ref>http://www.factcheck.org/elections-2008/born_in_the_usa.html</ref>

A Philadelphia attorney, Phillip Berg, has filed a lawsuit against the DNC and Barack Obama. Berg maintains that Sen. Obama is not a natural born U.S. citizen or that, if he ever was, he lost his citizenship when he was adopted in Indonesia. Berg also cites what he calls "dual loyalties" due to his citizenship and ties with Kenya and Indonesia. The "dual loyalties" which have not been shown to exist do not violate any constitutional or legal precedents and would make Sen. Obama a poor choice for President, not an invalid choice.

Obama website Fight The Smears has confirmed that Obama was once a Kenyan citizen until 1982. Attorney Philips Berg's lawsuit is being challenged by the Obama Campaign. Instead of producing the original birth certificate in court and paying a number of legal fees and taking several days out of his busy campaigning schedule the Obama campaign had the case dropped on the grounds that it lacked any supporting evidence. <ref>http://neighbors.denverpost.com/viewtopic.php?t=10815605</ref> The fact that Mr. Berg's dual arguments were mutually contradictory may also have contributed.

The state of Hawaii announced that the "Certification of Live Birth" document is legitimate and official. Since the state of Hawaii is the issuing body, they have ultimate authority with regards to the matter.<ref>http://www.factcheck.org/elections-2008/born_in_the_usa.html</ref> Critics rightfully point out such documents actually were issued for children not born in the state, and his "Certification of Live Birth" has likewise been dismissed as a forgery. <ref>http://atlasshrugs2000.typepad.com/atlas_shrugs/2008/07/atlas-exclusive.html</ref>

Adding fuel to the fire is Obama's persistent refusal to release documents that could provide answers. While his supporters cite an online version of a "Certification of Live Birth" from Hawaii. <ref>[http://www.wnd.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=92810 Justice, Supremes confirm getting eligibility challenge] WND, March 24, 2009</ref>

[[Bob Schultz]] with the [[We The People Foundation]] said:

"In the end, there is no practical reason why Obama refuses to produce his original birth certificate. He... has a duty to provide evidence that he meets the explicit requirements established by the Constitution."

[[Nancy Salvato]] with [[BasicsProject|BasicsProject.org]] perhaps put it best:

"What perturbs the rest of us is that President Obama has failed to produce a legitimate birth certificate. He has a team of lawyers who are opposing the examination of his sealed records in Hawaii. What he produced was a certificate of live birth... not a birth certificate. The rest of us are appalled at the lack of media examination surrounding the fact that there is no law requiring that a candidate for the highest office in our land produce an authentic birth certificate which proves natural citizenship."

=== Education ===

After working as a "community organizer" in New York City and Chicago, Illinois, Obama enrolled at [[Harvard]] Law School. He became a member of the ''Harvard Law Review'', which uses racial quotas, in 1989. He was then elected by popular vote as its first African American president in 1990, a story that was immediately promoted in the [[New York Times]].<ref>http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE2DC1631F935A35751C0A966958260&scp=3&sq=Obama%201990&st=cse</ref> He graduated ''magna cum laude'' with his J.D. in 1991, but did not serve in a clerkship. Federal clerkships are the typical post-graduate position for top law students.

Obama has described himself as a constitutional law professor at the University of Chicago.<ref>[http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/n/a/2007/03/30/politics/p132303D74.DTL&type=politics]</ref> He held the position of Lecturer, an adjunct position, from 1992 to 1996. He held the position of Senior Lecturer from 1996 until his election to the senate in 2004. Dan Ronayne, a spokesman for the Republican National Committee, has pointed that Obama was only a senior lecturer and not a full professor. <ref>[http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/n/a/2007/03/30/politics/p132303D74.DTL&type=politics]</ref>The University states that Senior Lecturers are regarded as professors, although not full-time or tenure track.<ref>http://www.factcheck.org/askfactcheck/was_barack_obama_really_a_constitutional_law.html</ref><ref>[http://www.law.uchicago.edu/media/index.html]</ref>
[[Image:Bernardine Dohrn.jpg|right|thumb|250px|'''Bernardine Dohrn formerly of the FBI's Ten Most Wanted''' enjoyed somewhat of a celebrity status among [[radical leftist]]s when she, along with her husband Bill Ayers, hosted a fundraiser for the relatively unknown Barack Obama in 1995; Dohrn issued the Weather Underground terrorist organization's Declaration of War Against the United States ([http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Weather_Underground_Declaration_of_a_State_of_War Full Text]) in 1970.]]
According to the White House website, White House Press Secretary [[Robert Gibbs]] responded to this to this question on April 14 2009,
<blockquote>
Q Why is the President blocking habeas corpus from prisoners at Bagram? I thought he taught constitutional law. And these prisoners have been there -- 

MR. GIBBS: You're incorrect that he taught on constitutional law.<ref>[http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/Briefing-by-White-House-Press-Secretary-Robert-Gibbs-4-14-09/ Office of the Press Secretary], April 14, 2009, whitehouse.gov </ref></blockquote>

===Radical activism===
Following law school, Obama linked up with the local communist networks in Chicago<ref>[http://newzeal.blogspot.com/2009/06/obama-file-78-smoking-gun-proof-that.html The Jarrett Connection. Proof That Obama’s Hawaii and Chicago Communist Networks Were Linked] Trevor Louden, June 01, 2009.</ref> and continued his work as a community organizer in Chicago as the director of Illinois Project Vote. Obama states he had been drawn to Chicago by the election of Harold Washington as the city’s first black mayor. <ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/07/us/politics/07community.html</ref> John Bachtell, Illinois CPUSA district organizer, at a special meeting on African American Equality, Building the Communist Party and the Young Communist League on September 30, 2007 said, "The historic election of Washington was the culmination of many years of struggle. It reflected a high degree of unity of the African American community and the alliance with a section of labor, the Latino community and progressive minded whites. This legacy of political independence also endures."<ref>http://www.cpusa.org/article/articleview/858/1/39/</ref>

In 1995, along with other prominent black leaders such as [[Al Sharpton]] and [[Louis Farrakhan]], Obama helped lead the [[Million Man March]] on Washington.[http://gatewaypundit.blogspot.com/2008/04/wright-obama-helped-organize-march-with.html][http://www1.chicagoreader.com/obama_reader/what_makes_obama_run/?q=012009K]

Obama states that he has consistently opposed the [[Iraq War]] since 2002. In his famous speech delivered in Chicago on October 2, 2002<ref>http://www.barackobama.com/2002/10/02/remarks_of_illinois_state_sen.php</ref> Even though Saddam had, in Obama's words, "developed [[weapons of mass destruction|chemical and biological weapons]]" Obama condoned the most hideous [[torture]]<ref>[http://www.thesmokinggun.com/archive/jackstraw1.html Saddam Hussein's Regime Methods of Torture]</ref> and dismissed Bush administration efforts at democratization and human rights as a "dumb war." A commentator observed, "one would search long and hard for any words from this apostle of hope and change about the palpable benefits that [[democracy]] might bring to the Arabs and Muslims of the Middle East.<ref>[http://www.commentarymagazine.com/viewarticle.cfm/obama-s-war-11263 Obama's War], Peter Wehner, ''Commentary'', April 2008.</ref>

===Leads effort to defeat an incumbant Democratic Senator===

In 1992, Obama was instrumental as head of Illionois Project Vote <ref>[http://www.chicagomag.com/Chicago-Magazine/January-1993/Vote-of-Confidence/ Vote of Confidence : A huge black turnout in November 1992 altered Chicago's electoral landscape—and raised a new political star: a 31-year-old lawyer named Barack Obama],
By Gretchen Reynolds, ''Chicago Magazine'', January 1993.</ref> in engineering the defeat of [[Democratic Party]] incumbant U.S. Senator Alan Dixon.<ref>[http://articles.latimes.com/1992-03-18/news/mn-3844_1_gus-savage Veteran Illinois Senator Dixon Defeated - Congress], By Bob Sector, ''[[L.A. Times]]'', March 18, 1992.</ref> Carolyn Moselyn Braun, with [[Communist Party USA]] backing,<ref>http://newzeal.blogspot.com/2008/10/obama-file-39-barack-obama-carol.html</ref> defeated Dixon in the Democratic Primary Election, 38% to 35%. According to ''Chicago Magazine'', "To understand the full implications of Obama's effort, you first need to understand how voter registration often has worked in Chicago. The Regular Democratic Party spearheaded most drives," with Obama at the helm of Chicago's Project Vote!, those conditions had been reversed. "He helped train 700 deputy registrars, out of a total of 11,000 citywide." Joseph Gardner,the director of the steering committee for Project Vote! said, "It was overwhelming."

===Legal career===
Michelle Robinson began employment at the Chicago Law firm of Sidley-Austin in 1988 where disbarred attorney and [[Weather Underground]] [[terrorist]] [[Bernardine Dohrn]] aalso worked.<ref>http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=NjY4YzdhMDBkZGQ3ZmU2MTUzYjdkMzc5ZjUzYmViZWM=</ref><ref>http://corner.nationalreview.com/post/?q=MDIxMDJiNzU5M2Q1MTY3ZGI1YTdmOWY5MzkwN2QxYzg=</ref> Sidley-Austin is the legal advisor to [[ACORN]],<ref>[http://www.wnd.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.printable&pageId=84434 Michelle Obama's old law firm defends ACORN], ''WorldNetDaily, December 23, 2008.</ref> a group accused of facilitating tax fraud, ballot box stuffing, human trafficing and child prostitution.<ref>http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=NmIzOTBmNGY3OGEwNzgwZWU1MjMzMjJkNWM4NzVkNmI=</ref> Barack Obama was hired a year later and appears to have misrepresented where he and future First Lady - Michelle Robinson Obama - first met.

In 1993 he was hired as an associate at the Chicago law firm Miner, Barnhill & Galland, P.C., and began lecturing in Constitutional Law at the University of Chicago Law School. He remains on the faculty on leave of absence through today. During this time he wrote his first book, ''Dreams from My Father'', detailing his background, his youth, and his education. ''Dreams'' was published in 1995.

=== Religious affiliations ===
[[Image:Barack Obama Jeremiah Wright.jpg|thumb|left|'''Obama and Jeremiah Wright.''' Despite Wright's rabid and sarcastic anti-American sermons, the Obama's regularly took their two small children to hear him speak. One Obama supporter remarked, "I cannot fathom allowing my children to hear filth from the pulpit."<ref>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/barack-obama/on-my-faith-and-my-church_b_91623.html?show_comment_id=12042024#comment_12042024</ref> ]]
Obama and his wife (raised a Baptist) were members of the Trinity [[United Church of Christ]]<ref>http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1776246/posts</ref> in Chicago. The church embraces [[black liberation theology]] and its emphasis on empowering oppressed groups against establishment forces. This denomination was the first in America to ordain gays, women and blacks as ministers.<ref>http://www.mcclatchydc.com/227/story/31079.html, Obama's church pushes controversial doctrines, March 20, 2008</ref> According to his sister, Obama was baptized at this church the same year.<ref>[http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/04/30/america/30obama.php?page=2 http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/04/30/america/30obama.php?page=2]</ref> Obama describes his conversion in ''The Audacity of Hope''. The title was inspired by one of Wright's sermons.
After 20 years of being an active member, in April 2008 candidate Obama made public statements poised to set him at odds with the man who conducted his wedding and baptized his children. With the negative publicity persisting, a month later Obama ended the friendship, left Wright's church, and blamed the media.<ref>[http://elections.foxnews.com/2008/05/31/obama-resigns-church-membership-in-chicago/], Obama Drops Church Membership in Chicago, May 31, 2008</ref> Obama claimed “It’s not fair to the other members of the church who seek to worship in peace...", and distanced himself from Wright's sermons as "a bunch of rants that aren't grounded in the truth."<ref>USA TODAY, ''Obama breaks with former pastor, Candidate cites rants on U.S. role in terror, AIDS'', by Kathy Kiely and David Jackson [http://www.usatoday.com/printedition/news/20080430/1a_offlede30_dom.art.htm]</ref><ref>''Obama Says He Is Outraged By Wright's "Rants"''[http://www.usnews.com/usnews/politics/bulletin/bulletin_080430.htm]</ref> Wright had been making inflammatory comments and posting his sermons online for sale. These include the statement "G-d damn America," and in describing the September 11th attacks, "We have supported state terrorism against the Palestinians and black South Africans, and now we are indignant because the stuff we have done overseas is now brought right back to our own front yards. America's chickens are coming home to roost."<ref>[ http://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/Story?id=4443788 Obama's Pastor: G-d Damn America, U.S. to Blame for 9/11]</ref> In addition, Rev. Wright blamed America saying "We supported Zionism shamelessly while ignoring the Palestinians and branding anybody who spoke out against it as being [[anti-Semitic]]."

[[Daniel Pipes]] claims that Obama was raised a [[Muslim]] because he attended classes on the [[Koran]] while attending a Muslim school.<ref>[http://www.danielpipes.org/article/5286 Was Barack Obama a Muslim</ref> Obama did attend a school administrated by Muslims but [[CNN]] reports that it was a non-religious public school attended by students of many faiths, not a [[madrassa]].<ref>http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/01/22/obama.madrassa/</ref>

{{QuoteBox|In Indonesia, I'd spent 2 years at a Muslim school, 2 years at a Catholic school. In the Muslim school, the teacher wrote to tell mother I made faces during Koranic studies. In the Catholic school, when it came time to pray, I'd pretend to close my eyes, then peek around the room. Nothing happened. No angels descended. Just a parched old nun and 30 brown children, muttering words. Sometimes the nun would catch me, and her stern look would force my lids back shut. But that didn't change how I felt inside." <ref>Dreams from My Father, by Barack Obama, p.142 Aug 1, 1996 </ref>}}

Obama has described his upbringing as occurring in a non-religious environment.

{{QuoteBox|In sum, my mother viewed religion through the eyes of the anthropologist that she would become; it was a phenomenon to be treated with a suitable respect, but with a suitable detachment as well. Moreover, as a child I rarely came in contact with those who might offer a substantially different view of faith. My father was almost entirely absent from my childhood, having been divorced from my mother when I was 2 years old; in any event, although my father had been raised a Muslim, by the time he met my mother he was a confirmed atheist, thinking religion to be so much superstition.

And yet for all her professed secularism, my mother was in many ways the most spiritually awakened person that I've ever known. She had an unswerving instinct for kindness, charity, and love, and spent much of her life acting on that instinct, sometimes to her detriment. Without the help of religious texts or outside authorities, she worked mightily to instill in me the values that many Americans learn in Sunday school: honesty, empathy, discipline, delayed gratification, and hard work. She raged at poverty and injustice.<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1546579-4,00.html My Spiritual Journey] Time Magazine, October 2006</ref>}}

===Political positions of Barack Obama===
:''For the full article see [[Political positions of Barack Obama]]''
Obama's positions have been described as that of a [[Communism|“Marxist leftist".]]<ref>http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/1753197/posts</ref> On numerous occasions Obama community organizers have been found flaunting banners of [[Marxist]]
[[guerrilla]] and [[murder]]er [[Che Guevara]].<ref>[http://www.moonbattery.com/archives/2008/02/obama_workers_c.html Obama Workers' Che Guevara Poster Was No Fluke] from Moonbattery</ref> Former presidential candidate [[Alan Keyes]] calls Obama a "radical communist." <ref>[http://www.newsmax.com/insidecover/keyes_obama_destroy_US/2009/02/23/184503.html Alan Keyes: Obama Will Destroy U.S.] NewsMax, February 23, 2009</ref>

==Illinois State Senate (1995-2005)==
[[File:Youngobama2.jpg|320px|thumb|left|'''Dr. Quentin Young (left) is personal physician to Barack Obama (right) and [[Bernardine Dohrn]] (not shown)'''. Dr. Young was reimbursed by the [[KGB]] after he paid rent in advance on a storefront he used to treat injured rioters during the disruptions of the 1968 Democratic National Convention.<ref>[http://www.usasurvival.org/docs/Transcript_May_22_edited_version.pdf ''The Stealth Candidate''], Transcript, Cliff Kincaid and Herbert Romerstein, May 22 2008, p. 16.</ref><ref>House Committee on Un-American Activities, ''Subversive Involvement in Disruption of 1968 Democratic Party National Convention'', and ''Hearings Before the Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations With Respect to Intelligence Activities of the United States'' Senate. Ninety-
Fourth Congress. First Session. Volume 6. Federal Bureau of Investigation. 1976, Exhibit 68-13., cited in ''Communism in Chicago and the Obama Connection'', Cliff Kincaid and Herbert Romerstein, usasurvival.org</ref> The ringleaders, principally [[Weather Underground]] terrorists, recieved urban guerilla warfare training in Cuba from the [[DGI]] prior to the attacks.<ref>[http://www.usasurvival.org/docs/Cuban_DGI.pdf Final Talk to the Fourth Contingent, Julian Rizo DGI.]</ref> ]]
In 1995 a cadre of like minded individuals gathered in the home of [[Weather Underground]] (WUO) [[terrorist]]s [[Bernardine Dohrn]] and [[William Ayers|William "Bill" Ayers]]. According to Dr. [[Quentin Young]], "I can remember being one of a small group of people who came to Bill Ayers' house to learn that [[Alice Palmer]] was stepping down from the senate and running for Congress." Dr. Young, a longtime friend of the Ayers' and Obama's, put up the money in 1968 to pay for the office that organized a riot in Chicago during the Democratic National Convention. [[Carl Davidson]] of [[Progressives for Obama]] was told by [[Fidel Castro]] in March 1968 that Castro believed the United States was ready for [[revolution]]. Several [[Students for a Democratic Society]] (SDS) and WUO cadre trained in Cuba prior to the insurgency. The FBI summarized the situation:
{{Cquote|Rarely has any city been threatened all at one time with an invasion of 100 to 200 thousand dissidents - plots to [[assassin]]ate [[government]]al dignitaries and prominent individuals; intentions to instigate major riots in varied ways; widespread [[sabotage]] of communication, transportation and electrical systems- proposals to pour [[hallucinogen]]ic [[drugs]] into the water supply; clandestine shipments of [[arms]] and [[ammunition]] into the city for use in sniper activities - and myriad forms of [[guerrilla warfare]].<ref>Declassified U.S. Government intelligence information regarding the communist and foreign connections of the Weather Underground. Presented as evidence, on the agreement of the prosecution and defense counsel, in the trial of W. Mark Felt and Edward S. Miller, p.10.[http://www.usasurvival.org/docs/Declassified_docs.pdf ]</ref>}}
One veteran of the guerrilla warfare training in Cuba was Obama's host, [[Bernardine Dohrn]]. Young met with Dohrn after her return,
{{Cquote|Bernardine went down there already influenced by Cuba and in a state of romantic anticipation. She was at the top of her thermometer going down. I talked to her, sort of debriefed her, when she came back."<ref>Georgie Anne Geyer and Keyes Beach "Cuba: School for U.S. Radicals", ''Chicago Daily News/Chicago Sun-Times'' five part series October 1970, excerpted in [http://foia.fbi.gov/filelink.html?file=/weather/weath1c.pdf FBI file Weather Underground Organization (Weatherman),] Part 1c pp. 5-7 pdf (113-115 in original). [http://therealbarackobama.wordpress.com/2009/06/07/clandestine-agents-of-the-cuban-government-ayers-dohrn-myers/]</ref>}}

Dr. Young related Illinois State Senator Alice Palmer was choosing then Chicago city councilman Barack Obama as her successor.<ref>[http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0208/8630.html Obama once visited '60s radicals.], Ben Smith, Politico, February 22, 2008.</ref> Palmer once served on the executive board of the [[U.S. Peace Council]], a [[KGB]] front organization<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=_PZy-U7G2EMC&pg=PA111&dq=U.S.+Peace+Council%2Bkgb&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=onepage&q=%22U.S.%20Peace%20Council%22&f=false The Apocalyptic premise : Nuclear Arms Debated], By Ernest W. Lefever, E. Stephen Hunt, Ethics and Public Policy Center, Washington, D.C., 1982, pp. 127-137.</ref> that actively opposed President [[Ronald Reagan]]'s defense program. Palmer wrote a report on her visit to [[Moscow]] for the 27th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) published by the CPUSA's ''[[People's Daily World]]''. In the twilight of the Soviet regime Palmer wrote, "Like the Reagan administration, the Soviets talk of increasing productivity among workers and curbing waste...but the Soviets' do not link these issues with ruining the living standards of human beings."

[[Image:Features ayers1.jpg|200px|thumb|right|'''Obama served on the Board of the Woods Fund of Chicago with [[Weather Underground]] [[terrorist|terrorist group]] co-founder Bill Ayers'''<ref>[http://foia.fbi.gov/weather/weath1a.pdf FBI fil Weather Underground]</ref> '''at the time this photo appeared of Ayers stomping the American flag''' in ''Chicago Magazine'' in 2001. Ayers, Obama's boss at the Chicago Annenberg Challenge, contributes to Obama election campaigns and hosted an important fundraiser in Obama's early career to meet and greet Ayers contacts.]]

Ayers and Dohrn took credit, and have never denied responsibility for a series of [[terrorist]] bombings which included the [[U.S. Capitol]], the [[Pentagon]] and the [[State Department]]. The reopening of a [[cold case]] [[homicide]] investigation of a [[San Francisco]] police officer was urged by the San Francisco Police Officer's Association in March 2009.<ref>[http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2009/03/12/BATK16DHA4.DTL&hw=ayers&sn=001&sc=1000 S.F. police union accuses Ayers in 1970 bombing], Demian Bulwa, ''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]'' March 12, 2009.</ref> An FBI informant who infiltrated the [[WUO]]<ref>''Bringing down America : an FBI informer with the Weathermen'', by Larry Grathwohl, Frank Reagan, 1976. [http://www.alibris.com/search/books/qwork/810451/used/Bringing%20down%20America%20:%20an%20FBI%20informer%20with%20the%20Weathermen]</ref> and was close to Ayers reported an exchange he had with Ayers about a prospective bombing:
{{QuoteBox|INFORMANT: We'll blow out the Red Barn restaurant. Maybe even kill a few innocent customers — and most of them are black. 

AYERS: We can't protect all the innocent people in the world. Some will get killed. Some of us will get killed. We have to accept that fact.}}
Ayers and Dohrn were not prosecuted because of tainted evidence gathered by the [[FBI]]. Assistant Director of the FBI [[Mark Felt]], also known as “Deep Throat” in the [[Watergate Affair]],<ref>[http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB156/ Nixon and the FBI: The White House Tapes], National Security Archive, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C.</ref> was prosecuted and convicted for civil rights violations of Jennifer Dohrn, Bernardine’s sister, while tracking the terrorist pair. Ayers boasted in his book that he was "guilty as hell, free as a bird," and Felt was pardoned by President [[Ronald Reagan]] who noted Felt followed procedures he believed "essential to keep the Director of the FBI, the [[Attorney General]], and the [[President of the United States]] advised of the activities of hostile foreign powers and their collaborators in this country.<ref>[http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/speeches/1981/41581d.htm Statement on Granting Pardons to W. Mark Felt and Edward S. Miller], April 15, 1981.</ref><ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/1983/12/01/us/two-top-fbi-officials-cleared.html Two Top F.B.I. Officials Cleared], [[New York Times]], December 1, 1983.</ref>

Ayers, Dohrn and Barack Obama's relationship went back several years and they were lending their notoriety among [[radical]] [[leftist]]s to launch Obama's career as Palmer's successor. Ayers' and Dorhn's first book written with [[Prairie Fire Organizing Committee|Jeff Jones]], the title ''Prairie Fire'' is taken from the sayings of [[Chairman Mao]]'s ''Little Red Book'', [http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/works/red-book/] "a single spark can set a prairie fire"," announces, {{cquote|we are communist men and women.<ref>Harvey Klehr, ''Far Left of Center: The American Radical Left Today'' (Transaction Books, New Brunswick, 1988), 109.</ref> }}
Co-author and co-Weather Underground founder Jeff Jones<ref>[http://www.wnd.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=106653 ''Obama's 'green jobs czar' worked with terror founder] Van Jones served on board of activist group where ex-Weatherman serves as top director'', By Aaron Klein, [[WorldNetDaily]], August 13, 2009.</ref> worked for several years with Obama administration Green Czar [[Van Jones]], another self-described communist arrested in the aftermath of a deadly riot. Like [[Frank Marshall Davis]], there is no indication Ayers, Dohrn, Jeff Jones, Dr. Young, or other close associates of Obama have renounced their faith in what [[Allen Weinstein]] describes as "a murderous and discredited ideology."

Obama was elected to the Illinois State Senate in 1996 and served there for the next eight years.

President Obama is the first person having ties to a known former terrorist to gain control over America's nuclear weapons.<ref>http://www.clevelandleader.com/node/7127</ref><ref>http://elections.foxnews.com/2008/08/26/obama-associate-bill-ayers-unrepentant-for-acts-of-terror/</ref> Author and blogger Jack Cashill requisitioned a comparison of the writing style of [[Bill Ayers]]' 2001 memoir, ''Fugitive Days'', with Barack Obama's earlier 1995 book, ''Dreams From My Father'', and came to the conclusion that Obama's former boss Ayers may have ghostwritten Dreams.<ref>www.cashill.com, ''Who Wrote “Dreams From My Father"?'', by Jack Cashill, October 9, 2008, retrieved on 10/16/2008 [http://www.cashill.com/natl_general/who_wrote_dreams_from.htm] Cashill states that a computer comparison of Obama's so-called autobiography with that of the terrorist Bill Ayers, supports the theory that Ayers actually wrote parts of Obama's book; also he wrote "None of this, of course, proves Ayers' authorship conclusively, but the evidence makes him a much more likely candidate than Obama to have written the best parts of Dreams". "In assessing the signature of sample passages from Dreams," the experienced analyst found "a very strong match to all of the Ayers samples" that he processed. He did not address the possibility that Ayers had plagiarized from Obama's earlier book. A philosophy professor from England disagreed.[http://wnd.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=77815]</ref> Ayers aconfesses to violent acts, planting bombs, says he has no regrets and feels he "should have done more."<ref>[http://www.clevelandleader.com/node/7127]</ref>

===New Party===
:''For the full article see '''[[New Party]]'''''
In 1995 Obama accepted the nomination and ran as a candidate of the openly [[Marxist]] New Party.<ref>http://www.discoverthenetworks.org/groupProfile.asp?grpid=7434</ref><ref>http://www.americanthinker.com/blog/2008/06/obamas_alliance_with_marxists.html</ref>

==U.S. Senate (2004-2008)==

Following a failed campaign for the House of Representatives, Obama ran for the open Senate seat from Illinois in 2004. Obama delivered the keynote address at the 2004 Democratic National Convention. He won a seat in the [[U.S. Senate]] after [[liberals]] obtained the release of confidential and personally embarrassing divorce records of his opponent, Jack Ryan, forcing him to resign from the race and be replaced by the out-of-state candidate [[Alan Keyes]].

===Primary election (2004)===

The ''[[People's Weekly World]]'' which describes itself as "the direct descendant of the ''[[Daily Worker]]'' " that enjoys "a special relationship with the [[Communist Party USA]], founded in 1919," and publishes its news and views,<ref>[http://www.pww.org/article/static/320 About the People's Weekly World] pww.org</ref> reported on Obama's 2004 Senate primary campaign:
{{Cquote|Activists from Illinois were immersed in the campaign to elect Barak Obama to the U.S. Senate. Obama won a landslide victory in the March 16 Democratic primary.<ref>''A turning point election'', Joelle Fishman, People's Weekly World, 04/24/04.</ref>}} John Bachtell, Illinois Communist Party district organizer added,
{{Cquote|This was a historic victory. It was a victory for political independence and grassroots, coalition, and issue oriented politics over the machine and money.<ref>[http://www.pww.org/article/articleprint/5145/ The CPUSA fires up its members to ‘Dump Bush!’], By Tim Wheeler, Washington correspondent, People's Weekly World , 04/24/04.</ref>}} In June the ''People’s Weekly World'' carried a piece by Dee Myles, chair of the education commission of the Communist Party USA, eulogizing [[Frank Marshall Davis]]'s old collegue, [[Vernon Jarrett]]. Myles said,
{{Cquote|from his hospital bed, [Jarrett] wrote an article appealing to Black Chicago to turn out to vote for [[Barack Obama]] in the Illinois primaries. Obama astounded everyone with an incredible landslide victory as the progressive, Black candidate for the [[Democratic Party]] nomination for the U.S. Senate seat from Illinois. From his sickbed, Vernon Jarrett issued a clarion call, and the people responded.<ref>[http://www.pww.org/article/articleview/5331/ Vernon Jarrett: a partisan journalistic giant], Dee Myles, [[People's Weekly World]] Newspaper, Jun 5, 2004.</ref>}}

===Senate career===
[[Image:obama.jpg|thumb|left|Senator Barack Obama]]

October 2008 crimes against Academy Award winner Jennifer Hudson's family highlighted Obama's record against law and order, as he voted against making it a crime in Illinois "for convicts on probation or on bail to have contact with a street gang".<ref>[http://thehill.com/leading-the-news/obamas-crime-votes-are-fodder-for-rivals-2007-03-13.html]</ref><ref>The person of interest in the murders of Hudson's mother, brother, and 7-year-old nephew is the estranged husband of Hudson's sister and a convicted felon who had violated his parole conditions.[http://www.chicagotribune.com/chi-julian-king-autopsy-1029,0,2752431.story]</ref> "'We've got 75,000 gang members - that's almost six gang members to one police officer,'" in Obama's hometown of Chicago.<ref>"More people have been murdered in Chicago this year than in New York - even though New York's population is three times greater. When Hudson's mother, brother and nephew were killed last month, they pushed the city's homicide total for the year to 436 and counting. New York has had 430 homicides." [http://www.nydailynews.com/news/us_world/2008/11/01/2008-11-01_chicago_buried_in_murders.html]</ref>

A March 16th, 2005 AP article puts Senator Obama on record to ban oil drilling in the Alaska frontier known as ANWR <ref>http://www.commondreams.org/headlines05/0316-13.htm</ref>

In May 2007, Obama (and Sen. Hillary Clinton) voted against funding the Iraq War for the first time.<ref>[http://uspolitics.about.com/od/legislatio1/a/HR2206.htm HR 2206 - Emergency Appropriations], Kathy Gill, Your Guide to U.S. Politics: Current Events. May 26 2007.</ref><ref>[http://more.gov.mtopgroup.com/2007/05/votes-hr-2206-iraq-supplemental.html Votes - H.R. 2206: Iraq Supplemental], May 28, 2007. Retrieved from Deeper Inside the Mountain, June 4, 2007.</ref>

His 2007 voting record in the U.S. [[Senate]] makes him as its most [[liberal]] member. Among fellow Senate Democrats, he was further left than liberals like [[Ted Kennedy]], [[John Kerry]], [[Dianne Feinstein]], [[Charles Schumer]], [[Russ Feingold]], [[Carl Levin]], [[Joseph Biden]] and [[Harry Reid]].<ref>[http://nationaljournal.com/voteratings/sen/lib_cons.htm?o1=lib_composite&o2=desc]</ref> He has grown steadily more liberal since arriving at the Senate: the same analysis assessed him as 10th most liberal in 2006<ref>[http://www.nationaljournal.com/members/news/2007/voteratings/sen/lib_cons.htm?o1=lib_composite&o2=desc]</ref> and 16th most liberal in 2005.<ref>[http://www.nationaljournal.com/members/news/2007/voteratings/sen/lib_cons.htm?o1=lib_composite&o2=desc]</ref>

In late 2006, Obama's second book, ''The Audacity of Hope'', was published. Its title was supplied by the Rev. Jeremiah A. Wright Jr., a minister who has stated that "racism is how this country was founded and how this country was run .... We believe in white supremacy and black inferiority and believe it more than we believe in God."<ref>http://blog.washingtonpost.com/the-trail/2008/03/14/obama_condemns_pastors_remarks.html</ref> The book contains more of Senator Obama's personal story including the roles of both family and politics. ''Audacity'' spent 30 weeks on the ''New York Times'' Nonfiction Best Sellers list.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/27/books/bestseller/0527besthardnonfiction.html?_r=1&oref=slogin New York Times Best Sellers Non Fiction]</ref>

Senator Obama is the chairman of an important subcommittee that has oversight of our efforts in Afghanistan. He has not held a single hearing on Afghanistan even though American forces are risking their lives in a theatre of war. Since joining Foreign Relations, Obama has missed three meetings on a "new strategy" in [[Afghanistan]], a country he only visited in 2008.<ref>[http://thehill.com/leading-the-news/obama-absent-at-afghanistan-hearings-2008-03-01.html</ref> Barack Obama clinched his party's nomination for President after 16 straight months of campaigning.

In June 2008, Obama voted with the Democratic party to kill the sunset provision of the [[Bush]] tax cuts. By letting these tax cuts expire, single mothers with two kids will pay an additional $1,800 annually. Married couples with incomes of $50,000 will pay an additional $2,180 annually. Elderly couples will pay an additional $2,000 annually and a family of four will pay 191% more per year in taxes. Barack Obama often claims to be for taxing the rich their fair share. By voting to eliminate the Bush tax cuts, Obama is taxing most middle class and blue collar families.

Obama and the Democratic-led Congress has voted for the upgraded GI Bill despite the opposition from the President, the Secretary of Defense, the Pentagon, the generals in combat zones and the GOP Presidential nominee. It was crafted to increase veteran benefits. Yet, the strain on our military is great.<ref>[http://marcambinder.theatlantic.com/archives/2008/05/mccain_to_obama_dont_demagogue.php] http://marcambinder.theatlantic.com/archives/2008/05/mccain_to_obama_dont_demagogue.php , McCain To Obama: Don't Demagogue The GI Bill, May 22, 2008</ref> The bill would cost $2.8 to $4 billion per month. Some argue that this bill depletes the US's volunteer military personnel by enticing them to leave service rather than be re-deployed.

As senator, Obama has requested nearly $936 million in earmarks which averages to $500,000. per day over four years, <ref>[http://online.wsj.com/article/SB122108935141721343.html?mod=googlenews_wsj Obama Can't Win Against Palin] Wall Street Journal, September 11, 2008</ref> for which the Council for Citizens Against Government Waste has given him a rating of 10% in 2007 (18% lifetime).<ref>[http://councilfor.cagw.org/site/DocServer/2007_Senate_Ratings_Final.pdf?docID=3242 2007 Senate Scorecard]</ref> A score of 100% represents voting against all pork, and 0% represents voting ''for'' all pork. Democrats averaged 5% in 2007, whereas Republicans averaged 60%. <ref>[http://councilfor.cagw.org/site/News2?abbr=CCAGW_&page=NewsArticle&id=11590 CCAGW Releases ''2007 Congressional Ratings'']</ref>

According to a Fox News report on October 5th, Obama has taken more than $126,000. in campaign contribution from [[Fannie Mae]] in a little over three years. This ranks him second, only Chris Dodd has received more campaign contribution dollars from Fannie Mae.

=== Bills co-sponsored ===
Obama's principal legislation was S. 2433, which was an attempt to force the U.S. to increase its foreign aid by hundreds of billions of dollars under the guise of reducing global poverty, which was subsequently blocked by [[conservatives]].<ref>http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=s110-2433</ref>

Obama did support and co-sponsor a bill championed by [[Tom Coburn]] and known as the Coburn-Obama Government Transparency Act of 2006, which was signed into law by President [[George W. Bush]] on Sept. 9, 2006. This law created a website that will list the federal government's grants and contracts.<ref> http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2006/09/20060926.html</ref>

Between Jan 13, 2007 and March 13, 2008, Sen. Obama has sponsored 120 mostly [[liberal]] resolutions and bills in the Senate.<ref>http://thomas.loc.gov/</ref> His supporters cite the following less liberal examples, but this list is not representative:

*S.117 : A bill to amend titles 10 and 38, United States Code, to improve benefits and services for members of the Armed Forces, veterans of the Global War on Terrorism, and other veterans, to require reports on the effects of the Global War on Terrorism, and for other purposes.

*S.133 : A bill to promote the national security and stability of the economy of the United States by reducing the dependence of the United States on oil through the use of alternative fuels and new technology, and for other purposes.

*S.453 : A bill to prohibit deceptive practices in Federal elections.

*S.713 : A bill to ensure dignity in care for members of the Armed Forces recovering from injuries.

*A bill to raise the [[minimum wage]]; Obama voted against the bill when it was later attached to an Iraq war supplemental spending bill.<ref>[http://uspolitics.about.com/od/legislatio1/a/HR2206.htm HR 2206 - Emergency Appropriations], Kathy Gill, Your Guide to U.S. Politics: Current Events. May 26 2007.</ref><ref>[http://more.gov.mtopgroup.com/2007/05/votes-hr-2206-iraq-supplemental.html Votes - H.R. 2206: Iraq Supplemental], May 28, 2007. Retrieved from Deeper Inside the Mountain, June 4, 2007.</ref>

=== Senate Foreign Relations Committee ===

Obama worked with Sen. Lugar writing legislation aimed at improving conventional and nuclear non-proliferation efforts. This legislation was signed by [[George W. Bush|President Bush]] in January 2008.

In June 2007 the Senate passed his resolution condemning violence by the [[Zimbabwe]] government. It also passed legislation co-sponsored by Obama that financed a Special Court for Sierra Leone to prosecute former [[Liberia | Liberian]] President [[Charles Taylor]]. <ref> http://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2008/02/26/obamas_senate_foreign_relations_work/ </ref>

Barack Obama continued to collect money for a 2010 Senate re-election campaign as late as June 2008, and filed reports indicating money was still pouring into this fund. This is especially notable because it is an efficient way of sidetracking donations from his Presidential race. The website<obamasenate2010.gov> is now defunct.
[[File:OenEReuters.jpg|left|200px|thumb|In Egypt, June 2009.]]
=== Foreign policy experience ===

In his presidential campaign, Obama stated<ref>http://www.huffingtonpost.com/mayhill-fowler/obama-says-no-to-foreign_b_95357.html</ref> that "foreign policy is the area where I am probably most confident" and then cited "having lived in Indonesia for four years, having family that is impoverished in small villages in Africa". He lived in Indonesia from age 6 to 10, and he later discovered that his father had some other children in Africa.

While campaigning, he has visited several foreign countries. In [[Russia]] and the former Soviet republics, he met with representatives of the International Republican Institute and National Democratic Institute to discuss democracy in the former Soviet republics. He also met with Russian military officials and visited several nuclear and biological weapons destruction sites in Russia, [[Ukraine]], and [[Azerbaijan]] with Senate Foreign Relations Committee Chairman Richard Lugar (R-IN). On the same tour, he visited London, UK, and met with [[Tony Blair]], sitting UK Prime Minister.

Obama visited South Africa, Kenya, Ethiopia, Djibouti, and Chad; he discussed his tour of Robben Island prison, met with U.S. troops, and visited refugee camps of the people fleeing Darfur. He also addressed Africa's growing [[AIDS]] epidemic.

During a ten-day-long tour of the Middle East, he talked with government leaders in Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, Jordan, and Israel.
 

== Books ==

* ''Dreams from My Father: A Story of Race and Inheritance.'' (B. Obama and, allegedly, William Ayers <ref>http://www.americanthinker.com/2008/10/who_wrote_dreams_from_my_fathe_1.html</ref>) ISBN 0307383415
* ''The Audacity of Hope: Thoughts on Reclaiming the American Dream.'' (B. Obama) ISBN 0307455874
* ''Barack Obama in His Own Words.'' (B. Obama and Lisa Rogak) ISBN 0786720573
* ''Change We Can Believe In. Barack Obama's Plan to Renew America's Promise.'' (B. Obama)
* ''The Case Against Barack Obama. The Unlikely Rise and Unexamined Agenda of the Media's Favorite Candidate. '' (David Freddso) ISBN 1596985666
* ''The Obama Nation. Leftist Politics and the Cult of Personality.'' (Jerome R. Corsi) ISBN 1416598065
* ''Obama Unmasked. Did Slick Hollywood Handlers Create the Perfect Candidate?'' (Floyd Brown and Lee Trexler) ISBN 0936783591
* ''Obama: The Man Behind The Mask.'' (Andy Martin) ISBN 0965781240
* ''The Audacity of Deceit. Barack Obama's War on American Values.'' (Brad O'Leary) ISBN 1935071025

==Quotes==
* Early in his campaign for president in 2007, Obama declared in an interview with the [[Chicago Tribune]], "I'm a [[Christian]]. And so, although I try not to have my religious beliefs dominate or determine my political views on this issue ... my religious beliefs say that [[marriage]] is something sanctified between a man and a woman."<ref>http://thehill.com/cheri-jacobus/obama-and-miss-california-2009-04-23.html</ref>

==See also==
*[[Previous Breaking News/Barack Obama|Articles about '''Barack Obama''' from previous "Breaking News"]]
*[[Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now (ACORN)]]
*[[Birthplace of Barack Obama]]
*[[Essay:Born Outside the U.S.A.!]]
*[[Essay: The Special Interests Candidate]]
*[[Lobbyists ties to the Obama administration]]
*[[New Party]]
*[[Obama birth certificate controversy]]
*[[Obama birth certificate lawsuits]]
*[[Obama doublespeak]]
*[[Obama inauguration]]
*[[Religion of Barack Hussein Obama]]
*[[The Honorable James David Manning]]
*[[Young Communist League]]
*[[Stazi]]
*[[Gestapo care]]

==Further reading==
*[[Peter Hitchens|Hitchens, Peter]] [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/news/worldnews.html?in_article_id=511901&in_page_id=1811 ''The Black Kennedy: But does anyone know the real Barack Obama?''] [[Daily Mail]]. Accessed 4 February 2008.
*James Simpson, [http://www.americanthinker.com/2008/09/barack_obama_and_the_strategy.html ''Barack Obama and the Strategy of Manufactured Crisis''], American Thinker, September 28, 2008.
*[http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1901/witbd/ ''What Is To Be Done?] Burning Questions of our Movement'', [[Vladimir Ilyich Lenin]], Lenin’s Collected Works, Foreign Languages Publishing House, 1961, Moscow, Volume 5, pp. 347-530.

==Sources==

*[http://www.barackobama.com/ Offical Obama for President Website]
*[http://www.opensecrets.org/pfds/pfd2005/N00009638_2005.pdf Barack Obama Personal Financial Disclosures Summary: 2005], retrieved from opensecrets.org 17 June 2007.
*[http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=O000167 Biographical Directory of the United States Congress]
*[http://www.law.uchicago.edu/faculty/obama/cv.html University of Chicago Law School] Faculty Listing
*[http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=12782369 Barack Obama Biography] from Biography.com
*[http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/o/barack_obama/index.html?inline=nyt-per New York Times Topics, Barack Obama]
*[http://youtube.com/watch?v=zUdjhKbImwE Documentary on Barack Hussein Obama]
*[http://www.votesmart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=9490 Voting Record of Barack Hussein Obama]

==References==
{{reflist|3}}

==External Links==
*[http://www.antiobama.net/ Anti Obama.net]
*[http://www.dontvoteobama.net/ Dont Vote For Obama.net]
*[http://nobamanetwork.com/ Nobama Network]
*[http://www.audacityofhypocrisy.com/ Audacity Of Hypocrisy]
*[http://therealbarackobama.wordpress.com/ The Real Barack Obama]
*[http://www.spiked-online.com/index.php?/site/article/6130/ The New Cult of Personality]
*[http://www.survivingobamunism.com/index.html Surviving Obamunism T-shirts]
*[http://www.barackobamaantichrist.blogspot.com/ Barack Obama the Anti-Christ ?]
*[http://www.noquarterusa.net/blog/2008/06/23/che-obama-and-the-revolutionary-agenda/ Che, Obama, and the Revolutionary Agenda]
*[http://www.audacityofhypocrisy.com/fashion-shows/ Obama Laundry List of Lies]
*[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2009/jun/09/americas-first-muslim-president/ GAFFNEY: America's first Muslim president?] Washington Times

{{DEFAULTSORT:Obama, Barack Hussein}}
{{USPresidents}}
{{2008 presidential candidates}}
{{Liberalism}}
[[Category: Barack Hussein Obama]]
[[Category:Socialists]]
[[Category:Socialism]]
[[Category:Former United States Senators]]
[[Category:Democratic Party]]
[[Category:Liberals]]
[[Category:Obama Administration]]
[[Category:Illinois]]

User:N

2009-10-07T04:04:59Z

N: Created page as a redirect to user talk

#REDIRECT [[User talk:N]]

Peace of Augsburg

2007-03-11T14:09:19Z

N: fixed typo + Category:History

The treaty between Emporer Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire and the Schmalkaldic League in 1555 that allowed each German prince to choose Lutheranism or Catholicism for his territory.

[[Category:History]]

Emilio Aguinaldo

2007-03-11T14:08:27Z

N: Category:Biographies

Emilio Aguinaldo lived from March 23, 1869 to Feb. 6, 1964. He was a Filipino leader who fought for the independence of the Philippines.

[[Category:Biographies]]

Luxembourg

2007-03-11T14:08:11Z

N: Category:Countries

Luxembourg is one of the smallest countries in [[Europe]]. It is bordered by [[Germany]], [[France]] and [[Belgium]].

[[Image:Luxembourg.jpg]]

[[Category:Countries]]

Belgium

2007-03-11T14:08:01Z

N: Category:Countries

Belgium is a country in [[Europe]] bordered by [[France]], [[Luxembourg]], [[Germany]], and the [[Netherlands]].

[[Image:Belgium.gif]]

[[Category:Countries]]

Netherlands

2007-03-11T14:07:53Z

N: Category:Countries

The Netherlands is a country in [[Europe]]. It is bordered by [[Belgium]] and [[Germany]].

As its name implies, it is a very low-lying country. About a quarter of the land area, containing more than half of the population, is actually below sea level, and would flood if the sea were not held back by a system of dikes.

A major breach of the dikes occurred in 1953, killing 1800 people.

Amsterdam, named for the Amstel river, is the largest city, and officially the capital (although the sea of government is actually in The Hague). It is traversed by an extensive system of canals.

Eindhoven is the location of the giant electronics corporation, Philips (full name: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.), with annual revenue equivalent to about $40 billion. (The U.S. corporation General Electric has revenues of about $150 billion, but much of it is from non-electronics businesses).

The Netherlands has long been famous for its production of flowers... and also for a related economic event, the "tulip mania" of 1636-1637. A classic example of a "bubble," tulips were traded on stock exchanges, and bid up to fantastic prices by people who understood that the prices were crazy but hoped to sell at a profit to even crazier investors. As with all bubbles, when bidding began to lag, people tried to sell and the bubble burst.

[[Image:Netherlands_map.gif]]

[[Category:Countries]]

Magellan

2007-03-11T14:07:38Z

N: Category:Biographies

===Ferdinand Magellan===
By Chris Svendsen

Ferdinand Magellan was born in 1480 to a noble family in Sabrosa, Portugal. For the first thirty-nine years of his life, Magellan had a very adventuress life. First he sailed with Francisco De Almeida to India, then he served for ten years in the Portuguese army fighting seven years to secure trade in India, and then he fought against the moors in northern Africa for three years. During these ten years he received many wounds that left him partially lame for life. The Portuguese king Manuel refused to raise his pension and dismissed him from his service. This enraged Magellan so much that he went and offered his service to Charles, the king of Spain.

Magellan was one of the people who believed that there was a passage through the Americas that would enable ships to find a much faster way to the Indies. He and his partner Ruy Faleiro convinced the King of Spain that because of the treaty of Tordesillas, the Spice Islands were under Spanish dominion. Charles agreed to give Magellan Five ships for his quest: the Trinidad, the Victoria, the San Antonio, the Concepcion, and the Santiago.

Magellan then crossed the Atlantic and landed on the coast of Brazil. After sailing up and down the coast for a several months, Magellan’s fleet was forced to stop and winter in Patagonia. During the winter one of the ships was destroyed in a violent storm and a group of men mutinied, but when spring came Magellan was ready to sail.

Finally Magellan found a straight at 49.5 degrees south latitude. One of the ships mutinied rather than face the perils of navigating the straight, but the remaining three ships made it through safely. (These straights are now called “The Strait of Magellan”) In March of 1521, after a long and difficult Pacific crossing, Magellan reached Guam. He had accomplished his goal of sailing to the Spice Islands by sailing west.

Sadly, Magellan was killed in a skirmish with some natives when he was in the Philippines. This left one of the ships without an adequate crew, so it was burned. This left the Trinidad and the Victoria loaded with cloves, and on their way home. After sailing for some weeks, the Trinidad Sprung a leak, and the Victoria left for Spain without her. The Trinidad was captured by a Portuguese ship, and only four of her crew ever returned to Spain.

Finally when The Victoria came back to Spain, Her battered and bruised crew were heroes. They had done what no other group of men had ever done before. They had circumnavigated the globe!

[[Category:Biographies]]

Francis Drake

2007-03-11T14:07:29Z

N: Category:Biographies

Francis Drake was the second to sail around the world (after [[Magellan]]. Francis Drake's boat was the English ''Sea Dog''.

[[Category:Biographies]]

Marcus Aurelius

2007-03-11T14:07:09Z

N: added period + Category:Biographies

Marcus Aurelius was the last of the [[Five Good Emperors]] of Rome. He lived from 121 to 180 BC and was a philosopher king who wrote many great works. His book ''Meditation'' emphasized one's duty. Marcus Aurelius should have thought more about his successor, however, because his death marked the end of the [[Pax Romana]].

[[Category:Biographies]]

Antonius Pius

2007-03-11T14:06:53Z

N: Category:Biographies

Antonius Pius was the fourth of the [[Five Good Emperors]]. Antonius Pius was succeeded by [[Marcus Aurelius]].

[[Category:Biographies]]

Hadrian

2007-03-11T14:06:45Z

N: Category:Biographies

Hadrian was a Roman Emperor who lived from January 24, 76 to July 10, 138, succeeding [[Trajan]]. He was the third of the [[Five Good Emperors]], and built many defensive walls. Hadrian was succeeded by [[Antonius Pius]].

[[Category:Biographies]]

Nerva

2007-03-11T14:06:38Z

N: Category:Biographies

Nerva was the first of the [[Five Good Emperors]]. He was elected by the Roman Senate and adopted his successor, [[Trajan]].

[[Category:Biographies]]

Trajan

2007-03-11T14:06:30Z

N: fixed typo

The second of the [[Five Good Emperors]]. He was adopted by [[Nerva]] and was succeeded by [[Hadrian]]. Out of the [[Five Good Emperors]], Trajan ruled the most land.

[[Category:Biographies]]

Trajan

2007-03-11T14:06:17Z

N: Category:Biographies

The second of the [[Five Good Emperors]]. He adopted by [[Nerva]] and was succeeded by [[Hadrian]]. Out of the [[Five Good Emperors]], Trajan ruled the most land.

[[Category:Biographies]]

Shang Yang

2007-03-11T14:05:36Z

N: Category:Biographies

Shang Yang was a Chinese statesman and thinker whose reforms paved the way for the centralized empire of the [[Ch'in dynasty]].

[[Category:Biographies]]

Allied Powers of World War II

2007-03-11T14:05:09Z

N: Category:History

The term “Allied Powers” (or simply “Allies”) refers to the union of countries that fought against the Central Powers in [[World War I]] and the [[Axis Powers]] in [[World War II]]. The exact make-up of nations within the Allied Powers was different during each war. The major allied powers during both World Wars were Britain, France, Russia and America.

[[Category:History]]

Israel Putnam

2007-03-11T14:04:41Z

N: Category:Biographies

General Israel Putnam (1718-1790) served in both the French and Indian and Revolutionary wars. During the French and Indian war, Putnam served as a major in the British army. He was captured by the Indians and cruelly tortured. However, he was rescued, and, in 1762, he led a Connecticut regiment in an unsuccessful expedition against the French in the West Indies. In the Revolutionary war he was an American patriot, and he participated in the battles of Lexington and Bunker Hill.

[[Category:Biographies]]

Porfirio Diaz

2007-03-11T14:04:26Z

N: link + Category:Biographies

Porfirio Diaz was a soldier and president of [[Mexico]] (1877–80, 1884–1911). He established a centralized state that he controlled for more than three decades.

[[Category:Biographies]]

Francisco Madero

2007-03-11T14:04:14Z

N: Category:Biographies

Francisco Madero was president of [[Mexico]] from 1911 to 1913 after he successfuly ousted dictator [[Porfirio Diaz]].

[[Category:Biographies]]

Victoriano Huerta

2007-03-11T14:04:02Z

N: Category:Biographies

Victoriano Huerta was a [[Mexico|Mexican]] counterrevolutionary who, in February of 1913, overthrew and assassinated President [[Francisco Madero]] and seized power for himself. American President [[Woodrow Wilson]] refused to accept his government and sent an expeditionary force to invade [[Vera Cruz]], which was sending arms and ammunition to Huerta.

[[Category:Biographies]]

Sherman Act Section One

2007-03-11T14:03:26Z

N: see also

Sherman Act Section One prohibits agreements, express or implied, that restrain trade unreasonably.

"Every contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, is declared to be illegal. Every person who shall make any contract or engage in any combination or conspiracy hereby declared to be illegal shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $10,000,000 if a corporation, or, if any other person, $350,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding three years, or by both said punishments, in the discretion of the court." 15 U.S.C. § 1.

This law is usually enforced by a lawsuit brought by one company against another. In such a civil lawsuit, the plaintiff can win only if it proves '''all''' of the following:

(1) Concerted action by defendants that (2) produce anticompetitive effects within the relevant product and geographic markets; (3) that the concerted action was illegal (unreasonable) and that (4) plaintiff was injured as a proximate result of the concerted action. See, e.g., ''Gordon v. Lewistown Hosp.'', 423 F.3d 184, 207 (3d Cir. 2005) (citing ''Petruzzi's IGA Supermarkets, Inc. v. Darling-Delaware Co.'', 998 F.2d 1224, 1229 (3d Cir. 1993))

==See also==
*[[Sherman Act Section Two]]

[[Category:United States law]]

Sherman Act Section Two

2007-03-11T14:02:53Z

N: link + Category:United States law

Sherman Act Section Two prohibits monopolization, attempts to monopolize and conspiracies to monopolize any aspect of interstate trade or commerce.

"Every person who shall monopolize, or attempt to monopolize, or combine or conspire with any other person or persons, to monopolize any part of the trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $10,000,000 if a corporation, or, if any other person, $350,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding three years, or by both said punishments, in the discretion of the court." 15 U.S.C. § 2.

As with [[Sherman Act Section One|Section One]] of the Sherman Act, Section Two is typically enforced by one firm suing another in a civil lawsuit. To prevail under Section Two, a plaintiff must prove '''all''' of the following:

(1) an agreement or understanding between two or more parties and (2) a specific intent to monopolize and (3) overt acts in furtherance of the alleged conspiracy. See, e.g., ''Robinson v. Magovern'', 521 F.Supp. 842, 892 (W.D. Pa. 1981).

[[Category:United States law]]

Sherman Act Section One

2007-03-11T14:02:31Z

N: Category:United States law

Reconquista

2007-03-11T14:02:08Z

N: Category:History

The "Reconquista" was the reconquest by Christians of Spain, which was under Muslim control. The Reconquista lasted from c.722 AD with the success of Pelayo over the Muslim armies at Covadonga, to 1492, when the Christian Spanish King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella gained control of the only remaining Moorish enclave (the small Kingdom of Granada in southern Spain).

[[Category:History]]

Magna Carta

2007-03-11T14:00:55Z

N: Category:History

A great charter issued in AD 1215, which among other things, limited the power of the English king and guaranteed rights to the nobles.

[[Category:History]]

Richard Plantagenet

2007-03-11T14:00:41Z

N: Category:Biographies

Richard Plantagenet lived September 8, 1157 – April 6, 1199. He was King of England from 1189 to 1199. Some consider him a great and very popular king despite the fact that he did not accomplish much for his people. He is an important figure in many stories about the crusades such as ''Ivanhoe''.

[[Category:Biographies]]

John Lackland

2007-03-11T14:00:14Z

N: Category:Biographies

John Lackland was the son of [[Henry II]] and the brother of [[Richard Plantagenet|Richard the Lionheart]]. He lived from December 24, 1166 to October 18, 1216. John succeeded his brother to the throne and proved to be a lazy, selfish and tyrannical ruler. It is said that during his fits of temper, he would roll on the floor, chewing on the legs of tables, rugs, or anything else in sight.

His oppression finally drove his knights and barons to take him prisoner and force him to sign the [[Magna Carta]].This document limited the power of the king and established the English Parliament. One of its most important statements was that the king was under the law. John believed that he was the law.

[[Category:Biographies]]