Conservapedia - User contributions [en]

Feminism

2017-02-23T20:14:49Z

OneNation:

[[Image:Braque woman 400pix.jpg|thumb|200px|''Woman with a guitar'' by [[Georges Braque]], 1913.]]
'''Feminism''' is an ideology that causes an alienation in affection by women for men. Feminism denies or downplays differences between men and women, feminism opposes homemaking, child-rearing, and [[homeschooling]] by women, and feminism promotes participation by women in predominantly male activities. Most prominent modern feminists support [[abortion]].

Attributes common to many feminists include an entitlement mentality and a bit of an attitude, such as a "chip on one's shoulder" despite benefiting from a life of privilege.

On a personal level feminism can disrupt marriages, relationships, child-rearing, education and the workplace. The feminist ideology is particularly dominant in elite universities, many large corporations, and competitive women's team sports.

Feminism was originally an expression used by [[suffragettes]] - who were predominantly [[pro-life]]<ref>[http://www.godlessprolifers.org/library/wallace4.html ''Susan B. Anthony opposed abortion'']</ref><ref>''"There is no question that she deplored the practice of abortion, as did every one of her colleagues in the suffrage movement."'' [http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/13/opinion/13schiff.html?_r=1&oref=slogin ''Desperately Seeking Susan''] [[New York Times]] (13 October 2006)</ref><ref>[http://www.feministsforlife.org/history/foremoth.htm ''Voices of our Feminist Foremothers''] Feminists for Life</ref>- to obtain the right for women to vote in the early 1900s in the [[United States]] and the [[United Kingdom]]. By the 1970s, however, at the height of what was termed Second-wave feminism, [[liberals]] had changed the meaning to represent people who favored [[abortion]] and identical roles or quotas for women in the military and in society as a whole. Today in the midst of what is called Third-wave feminism, some feminists are enforcers of [[liberal censorship]] and [[political correctness]], at the expense of [[free speech]]. In fact, much of what drove Second-wave feminism and what now drives Third-wave feminism was derived from Communist doctrine and both have a great deal in common, including the shared goal of the destruction of the family and the promotion of homosexuality and promiscuity (via Goal 26 of the 1963 Communist goals for America).<ref>[https://fellowshipoftheminds.com/2014/09/04/feminism-is-communism/ Feminism is Communism]</ref><ref>[http://fathersforlife.org/feminism/hubbard1.htm Feminist family politics and their roots in Communist ideology]</ref>

Most modern feminists:

* prefer that women wear pants rather than dresses, presumably because men do<ref>"[T]he wearing of pantsuits is often a useful feminism signifier, depending on the culture of the law firm." [http://feministlawprofs.law.sc.edu/?p=2640]</ref><ref>"I was part of a growing tribe of pesky women called feminists by friends and enemies alike. We women stormed out the door in our imitation men's suits ...." [http://www.canada.com/ottawacitizen/news/arts/story.html?k=60432&id=3b3c71f6-0d7d-4e1a-b8fb-cf8d5b1af478]</ref>.
* do not want gender equality; they want power for the female Left<ref>[http://www.eagleforum.org/column/2011/feb11/11-02-11.html Phyllis Schlafly, "Feminism Has Become a Hot Topic"]</ref>.
* in movies and television, portray the men, in particular the white heterosexual men, as inherently evil, dumb or incompetent, and the women as inherently good, smart or competent (note that this conflicts with gender equality).
* conveniently pretend that there are no meaningful differences between men and women when that advances [[liberal]] causes (e.g., women and men equally in military combat, to weaken the U.S. military), but reject equality when that results in more money to women (e.g., [[VAWA]] funding of women's groups).
* oppose [[chivalry]] and even feign insult at harmless displays of it (see battle between the sexes).
* view traditional [[marriage]] as unacceptably "patriarchal".
* belittle and mock other women who desire to have children or raise a family<ref>[http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/clinton/etc/03261992.html Nightline Transcripts, "Making Hillary Clinton an Issue"], [[PBS]]</ref><ref>"Being a [[housewife]] is an illegitimate profession... The choice to serve and be protected and plan towards being a family-maker is a choice that shouldn't be. The heart of [[radical feminism]] is to change that." - Vivian Gornick, University of Illinois, "The Daily Illini," April 25, 1981. [http://www.ladiesagainstfeminism.com/artman/publish/LAF_Theme_Articles_13/You_Don_t_Know_Feminism_744100744.shtml "You Don't Know Feminism"]</ref>
* shirk traditional gender activities, like baking<ref>"But sometime between the Ides of March and Canada Day, I remembered that I'd given up baking cookies as a political act in 1975. ... No self-respecting feminist could be found in the company of cookie dough." [http://www.canada.com/ottawacitizen/news/arts/story.html?k=60432&id=3b3c71f6-0d7d-4e1a-b8fb-cf8d5b1af478]</ref>.
* support [[affirmative action]] for women.
* advocate for [[women in combat]] in the military just like men, and coed submarines.
* refuse to take her husband's last name when marrying<ref>[http://www.salon.com/2003/10/16/names_2/ Mrs. Feminist ]: "(Almost half the married women in the Harvard-Radcliffe class of 1990 kept or hyphenated their names.) If you read the New York Times wedding pages, and shut up, you do, the phrase 'the bride, who is keeping her name' seems like the norm, unless his name is Rockefeller.</ref>.
* believe marriage implies "female servitude" when it is in fact a mutual bond.
* distort historical focus onto female figures, often overshadowing important events (E.g.: Henry VIII's wives take precedence in common knowledge to his actual reign.)
* often condemn the God-given order of gender roles, as laid out in the Holy [[Bible]].
* object to being addressed as "ma'am," or feminine nicknames such as "sweetheart" or "honey";<ref>[http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2009-06-19/news/0906180620_1_sen-barbara-boxer-ma-am-state-condoleezza-rice Sen. Barbara Boxer: No ma'am references, please], [[Chicago Tribune]]</ref> object to other female-only names, such as "temptress".
* take offense at grammatical rules of the English language, like using the pronoun "he" when referring to a hypothetical/anonymous person, or phrases like 'fireman' and 'stewardess.'
* support the [[homosexual agenda]].
* push propaganda that implies that women weren't allowed to be granted an education until the 1960s, and all education beforehand was granted solely to "rich white males."

==History==
Roots of the movement in the United States and the United Kingdom include the [[suffrage|Women's Suffrage]] movement of the early 1900s and the Women's Liberation (or "Second Wave Feminist") movement of the 1960s and 1970s. Second Wave Feminism had its roots from [[Betty Friedan]] and [[Simone de Beauvoir]], who both advocated for the abolition of the career of housewife with the false implication that it was comparable to a Nazi concentration camp or a parasite.

The [[Equal Rights Amendment]], which proponents claimed would address the inadequacies of the [[Fourteenth Amendment]] concerning women and citizenship, was proposed in the US in 1923. The amendment passed Congress in 1972 but was ultimately defeated, falling just three states short of the required [[three-quarters majority]] on June 30, 1982. Some conservatives, particularly [[Phyllis Schlafly]], felt that its passage would entail adverse consequences, including making girls subject to the [[military draft]], requiring taxpayer-funded [[abortion]], the end of [[single-sex schools]] and classes, requiring the issuance of [[homosexual marriage]] licenses, and the revocation of laws that protect women in dangerous jobs, such as factory or mining work. Indeed, in states that passed their own versions of ERA, several of these results were subsequently ordered by courts.<ref>For example, the [[Hawaii]] and [[Massachusetts]] Supreme Courts illegally ordered the issuance of homosexual "marriage" licenses based in part on their on their state ERAs, and the [[New Mexico]] Supreme Court illegally ordered taxpayer-funded abortion based on its state ERA.</ref>

The feminist movement in the West evolved in the 1980s with the rise of so-called [[Post-Feminism]] (also called "[[Third-Wave]]" feminism), which stresses that women have many rights that go unrecognized, often by women themselves, in everyday life, and in the [[Critical legal studies|American legal structure]]. Most members of the feminist movement support reproductive rights currently guaranteed by American law, including the legal right to abortion. This stance is opposed by many conservatives.

Leading political commentator [[Rush Limbaugh]] to coin the term "Feminazis" to refer to extreme feminist activists.

One of the major features of feminism prior to the 1990s was opposition to women being treated as [[sex objects]]. However, feminists today support women being sex objects, viewing it as a means of empowerment over the traditional [[Judeo-Christian]] family structure and [[conservative values]]. Continuing this same promotion of [[liberalism]] and [[anti-Christian]] values, feminists today treat [[Women's rights and Islam|Islam's cruel treatment of women]] as a matter of "personal choice".

During the administration of [[Bill Clinton]], feminism made a partial resurgence, although feminist leadership was criticized{{who}} for largely failing to criticize President Clinton's [[sexist]] behavior toward female employees as both Arkansas Governor and U.S. President.<ref>Odone, Christina [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/columnists/guest_contributors/article528875.ece ''Left-wing misogyny is alive and well: The party’s feminist agenda allows Labour men to get away with sexist behaviour''] (2 June 2005) [[The Times]]</ref><ref>Jackson, Candice E. ''"Their Lives: The Women Targeted by the Clinton Machine"'' (World Ahead Publishing; 2005) ISBN 0-9746-7013-8</ref>

Dr. [[Martin Luther King, Jr.]], a staunch advocate of [[civil rights]] and [[non-violence]] said, "When a mother has to work she does violence to motherhood by depriving her children of her loving guidance and protection." <ref>''Stride Toward Freedom : The Montgomery Story'', Martin Luther King, Jr., Harper and Rowe, New York, 1958, p. 203.</ref>

Larrey Anderson, philosopher, writer and submissions editor for ''American Thinker'', links feminism to Marxism, and concludes, "Feminism by grounding itself in the philosophy of Hegel and [[Marxism|Marx]], is condemning women to a new servitude: slavery to the State."<ref>Larrey Anderson, ''The Feminine Mistake'', ''American Thinker'', November 29, 2009</ref>

==Critique==

[[Christine Hoff Sommers]] wrote:
:... The problem with feminism is not that it has fostered achievement for women. Rather it is feminism's attempts to demean the roles and achievements of men and "feminize" boys that are problematic. [https://www.amazon.com/WAR-AGAINST-BOYS-Misguided-Feminism/dp/0684849577]

==Feminism and reason==

''See also:'' [[Liberals and reason]]

{{quotebox|"Our culture, including all that we are taught in schools and universities, is so infused with patriarchal thinking that it must be torn up root and branch if genuine change is to occur. Everything must go - even the allegedly universal disciplines of logic, mathematics and science, and the intellectual values of objectivity, clarity and precision on which the former depend." — Daphne Patai and Noretta Koertge, Professing Feminism: Cautionary Tales from the Strange World of Women’s Studies, (New York Basic Books, 1994), p.116 [http://endofmen.wordpress.com/2007/11/08/why-feminism-is-a-fraud/] }}

Feminists in the [[Swedish]] government on Valentine's Day, February 14, 2017 were urged by the Iranian women’s right activist Masih Alinejad “to stand for their own dignity” and to refuse to wear the compulsory [[hijab]] while visiting Iran. The pleas were ignored. The Jihad Watch website reported,<ref>[https://www.jihadwatch.org/2017/02/swedens-first-feminist-government-dons-hijabs-in-iran </ref>
{{Quotebox|Sweden’s female leaders have not only betrayed all women who fight for equality globally, but they have also fully exposed how confused they are: they are so-called feminists who – for example — furiously insist on control over their own bodies to choose abortion, but they are willing to fully submit to male dominance at the demand of Muslim men to dictate their clothing. And they did so in front of a global audience to boot.}}

==Quotations==

See [[Quotations about Feminism]]

== Atheist feminism ==

''See also:'' [[Atheist feminism]]
[[File:Annie Laurie Gaylor.jpg|thumbnail|right|200px|Annie Laurie Gaylor is an atheist feminist. She is co-president of the [[Freedom From Religion Foundation]].

Gaylor’s husband, [[Dan Barker]], who heads the organization along with her, is usually the person invited to speaking engagements, despite her longer tenure as the organization’s leader and her many books on atheism.<ref>Bekiempis, Victoria (Summer 2011). [http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/cifamerica/2011/sep/26/new-atheism-boys-club "Why the New Atheism is a boys' club"]. Bitch Magazine, no. 51. Retrieved from September 26, 2011 edition of The Guardian/CommentaryIsFree.</ref>]]

[[Atheist feminism]] is a type of feminism whose advocates are [[Atheism|atheists]].

Feminists who are [[theism|theists]] often belong to religious bodies which practice [[liberal]] theology. In addition, some feminists practice goddess worship. Since atheism rejects theism, atheistic feminism rejects/disbelieves in the existence of God or gods (see: [[Definition of atheism]]).

=== Atheism, women, men and atheist feminism ===

Since most atheists lean Left politically (see: [[Atheism and politics]]) most atheist women are feminists. However, this may not apply to atheist men or apply to a lesser degree, given that a significant majority of atheist are men and that the men's rights movement has many atheist men within it. [[Reddit]] is a popular place for atheists and a Reddit survey found that 94% of Men's Rights Movement supporters indicated that they had no religion (see also: [[Reddit atheism]]).<ref>[http://www.rawstory.com/2014/04/confirmed-mens-rights-activism-is-for-misogynists-without-god/ Confirmed: "Men’s Rights Activism" Is For Misogynists Without God], ''Raw Story''</ref> YouTube's most popular atheist is [[TheAmazingAtheist]] who is a men's rights activist. Another popular YouTube atheist [[Thunderf00t]] is very critical of feminism within atheism (See also: [[Atheism plus]]).

=== Atheist movement, feminism and dissension ===

Within the [[atheist movement]] post [[New Atheism]] and the [[Elevatorgate]] controversy, there has been a lot of conflict between [[Atheism|atheists]] concerning feminism. One of the results of the conflict was the new atheist [[Richard Dawkins]] losing a lot of public support and support among the irreligious (see: [[Richard Dawkins' loss of influence]]).

==See also==
*[[Anti-Feminism]]
*[[Feminism and housewives]]
*[[Feminist style]]
*[[Gender equality]]
*[[Gender police]]
*[[Feminists for Life]]
*[[Feminism and reason]]
*[[Feminist hypocrisy]]
*[[Battered woman syndrome]]
*[[Communism and feminism]]
*[[Feminist myths]]
*[[Feminist nitpicking]]
*[[Feminist quotes about Richard Dawkins]]
*[[Liberal totalitarianism]]

{{liberalism}}

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yi-ftIGVsCI Dana Loesch Rips Feminists] on [[Louder With Crowder]]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ee_ESpTudus #SJW Feminist Myths Destroyed by Karen Straughan] on Louder With Crowder
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QRj2qMLq8SY Feminism & Fat Pride: The Unholy Alliance] on Louder With Crowder with [[Paul Joseph Watson]]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fYo1ewgG94M The Truth About 'Rape Culture'] by Paul Joseph Watson
*[http://www.feministezine.com/feminist/ The Feminist eZine] Archive of articles about Feminist History.
*[http://www.cia-on-campus.org/surveil/steinem.html Gloria Steinem and the CIA], ''The New York Times'', February 21, 1967.
*[http://www.mail-archive.com/ctrl@listserv.aol.com/msg02217.html Inside the CIA with Gloria Steinem], Nancy Borman, ''The Village Voice''.
*[http://www.american.com/archive/2008/march-april-magazine-contents/why-can2019t-a-woman-be-more-like-a-man Why Can't a Woman Be More Like a Man?], Christina Hoff Sommers, ''The American'' March/April 2008.

[[Category:Liberalism]]
[[Category:Feminism]]
[[Category:Communism]]
[[Category:Anti Second Amendment]]

Angela Merkel

2017-01-21T23:18:54Z

OneNation:

[[File:Merkel.jpg|thumb|Merkel between the flags of Germany (left) and the European Union (EU)]]'''Angela Merkel''' (born 17 July 1954) was elected in December 2013 to her third term as the chancellor of Germany, the top position for a broad coalition government.<ref>http://www.cnn.com/2013/12/17/world/europe/germany-merkel/</ref> She is also the leader of the German [[Christian Democratic Party]] (CDU), historically Germany's conservative party. She has served as the chancellor of Germany since 2005, a position comparable to prime minister. She is a champion of the euro and of the mass migration of Middle Eastern and North African refugees to Europe.<ref>Milton Friedman detailed the disadvantages of the euro in "[https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/the-euro--monetary-unity-to-political-disunity The Euro: Monetary Unity To Political Disunity?]"</ref>

==Early life==
Angela Dorthea Kasner Merkel was born in [[Hamburg]] but three years later he family moved to Templin, Brandenburg in [[East Germany]]. Her father, Horst Kasner, was a Protestant pastor who had studied Theology at Heidelberg University. Her mother, Herlind, was an English and Latin teacher. The Kasner family was increased when Angela's brother Marcus was born in 1957 and her sister Irene in 1964.

==Career==
Merkel grew up in the Communist [[East Germany]] just outside Berlin. Merkel was educated in Templin and at the University of Leipzig, where she studied physics (1973-1978).

She worked and studied at the Central Institute for Physical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences (1978-1990). After graduating with a doctorate in physics working in quantum chemistry. In 1989 she became involved in the growing [[democracy]] movement and, after the fall of the [[Berlin Wall]], she got a job as government spokesperson following the first democratic elections. She joined the CDU two months before German reunification and within three months she was in [[Helmut Kohl]]'s cabinet as minister for women and youth. In 1994 she was made minister for the environment.

Her East German background has stood her in good stead. For the first 36 years of her life, she honed her skills at covering up or suppressing her feelings—essential in a society where practically every room contained a [[Stasi]] informer, especially if you were a pastor's daughter. Speaking near perfect English and remarking on her background as an Ossi she says, "Anyone who really has something to say doesn't need make-up".

==2005 victory==
[[File:Angela Merkel.jpg|200px|left]]
Merkel was first elected as chancellor of Germany in 2005. She ruled together with the left-center [[SPD]] until 2009.<ref>http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/germany/10518099/Germanys-Social-Democrats-vote-to-form-grand-coalition-with-Angela-Merkel.html</ref>

==2009 victory==
[[File:Germ-vote-2009.jpg|300px|thumb|Exit polls from Sept. 2009 election won by the conservative coalition CDU and FDP]]
The September 2009 elections were a major win for the conservative forces led by Chancellor Merkel, breaking a stalemate and opening the way for more conservative economic policies. Previously since an indecisive election in 2005 the center-right [[Christian Democratic Union|Christian Democrats]] formed a "grand coalition" with the center-left Social Democrats, headed by Frank-Walter Steinmeier. 2009 Merkel and her CDU formed a coalition with the libertarian, pro-business [[Free Democratic Party|Free Democrats]]. Left in the cold was the [[Alliance '90/The Greens|Greens]], and the ex-Communists who remain strong in the former East Germany under the name "[[The Left]]." Merkel moved forward on tax cuts, reform of the tax code, reduction of bureaucracy and an extension of the time that nuclear power plants can continue to operate.

The victory enhanced her reputation as Europe's top political power broker, as Merkel became the first leader of a major European country to win reelection since the [[Recession of 2008|global financial crisis]] struck last year. Voters generally approved of her response to the recession, even though it has hammered Germany's export-dependent economy and has resulted in a huge amount of public debt. She countered criticism by blaming the crisis on Wall Street, and engaging in a modest stimulus program.<ref>Craig Whitlock, "Germany's Merkel Reelected Easily, Will Form New Coalition," [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/09/27/AR2009092700631.html?nav=emailpage ''Washington Post'' Sept. 28, 2009]</ref>

==2013 Victory==
2013 the CDU was the strongest party again, but its ally the [[Free Democratic Party|FDP]] lost the election and left the parliament.<ref>http://bigstory.ap.org/article/merkel-bidding-3rd-term-german-election</ref> So the CDU created a "grand coalition" with the SPD again.<ref>http://www.foxnews.com/world/2013/11/27/merkel-conservatives-center-left-rivals-reach-deal-to-form-new-german/</ref> The vice chancellor is Sigmar Gabriel, the chairman of the [[SPD]].<ref>http://cnsnews.com/news/article/merkel-backs-plans-stem-energy-cost-rises</ref>

==Policies==
Merkel fears that the European Union ([[EU]]) has failed to define its common interests "for the (commercial) battles of the future" now Europe's cold war priorities of keeping "peace and freedom" have been achieved. "This is where I think Europe needs to learn a lot, not to concentrate too much on whether bicycle paths are built the same way in Portugal and north-west Germany."

Domestically, Merkel recognises the need for change in the country's consensual model. "In Germany, we are always facing the danger that we are a little bit too slow. We have to speed up our changes."

==See also==

==Further reading==
* Clifford W. Mills. ''Angela Merkel'' (2007), 120pp; for middle schools
# Wolfgang Stock: Angela Merkel: eine politische Biographie. Neuauflage. München 2005, ISBN 3-7892-8168-9

==References==
<references/>

{{DEFAULTSORT:Merkel, Angela}}
[[Category:Current Heads of government]]
[[Category:Christian Democrat Union politicians]]
[[Category:Children of Clergy]]
[[Category:Presidential Medal of Freedom award winners]]
[[Category:German Chancellors]]

{{German Chancellors}}

European migrant crisis

2017-01-21T23:16:48Z

OneNation:

The [[Libyan uprising|Libyan Civil War]] and [[Syrian Civil War]], the legacy of President [[Barack Hussein Obama]] and Secretary of State [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]]'s failed "[[Arab Spring]]" [[foreign policy]]<ref>http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2015/10/middle-east-egypt-us-policy/409537/ </ref> -- with the stated aim of overthrowing corrupt [[secular]] regimes and establishing [[democracies]] by arming anti-democratic [[terrorism|terror groups]] -- as well as disasterous "open borders" immigration policies of [[Angela Merkel]] resulted in a wave of 6 million refugees, asylum seekers, and migrants pouring into Europe, straining government budgets and challenging their established social and political order.

Due to the leftist and globalist utopian elitist policies of the [[European Union]], virtually unrestricted immigration to Europe has surged. Many immigrants have been unwilling to adapt to European culture and customs and have thus created much social upheaval as they demand that society change to accommodate them. Some refugees have committed major acts of terror, and the vast majority of terrorists in European countries immigrated from Islamic countries.

The EU's unified border patrol (FRONTEX) has been overwhelmed by the number of people attempting to enter. Border violence at entry points is increasing. To prevent organized 'push backs', FRONTEX picks up African boat refugees and brings them to Europe for processing. Even when an illegal migrant is caught and denied entry, the migrant typically will return another day and continue attempting illegal entry until they are successful. In 2016 the border guards caught 1.8 million attempts at illegal entry, six times more than the previous high in 2014.<ref>[https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://frontex.europa.eu/assets/Publications/Risk_Analysis/Annula_Risk_Analysis_2016.pdf&ved=0ahUKEwi6jJXXp7LRAhXEw1QKHRwcD_IQFggaMAA&usg=AFQjCNFF11QKPnBSA2SG8vGNBZvX7Dy-DA&sig2=rDvhuQQvVNmKZhRlhPIRdA Frontex Risk Analysis for 2016] </ref> There has been an organized clampdown in the spheres of [[mainstream news]] reporting, in police reports, and public statements of politicians to deny what many Europeans experience in everyday life. [[Hate speech]] legislation and [[political correctness]] are cited as the cause of [[censorship]], even when material facts are evident.

Despite the problems of unrestricted immigration, liberal elitist leaders have turned a blind eye to the problem and have proposed even more extreme unification policies.<ref>Hallett, Nick (June 29, 2016). [http://www.breitbart.com/london/2016/06/29/european-leaders-release-plan-eu-army-turkish-membership/ Just Days After Brexit, EU Releases Plan For Further Expansion, An EU Army, AND Turkish Membership]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved October 14, 2016.</ref>

==Modern Europe==
===Migrants, asylum seekers, and refugees===
:*A migrant typically is a person who leaves their home country and crosses borders, legally or illegally, in search of economic opportunity or betterment.

:*An asylum seeker is a special class of person who lived under a government the host country considers a human rights violator. The asylum seeker must claim a credible fear of political oppression and persecution from the government of his home country should he be returned. Ironically, the [[United Kingdom]] has been granting political asylum to Syrian [[jihad]]is and members of the [[Muslim Brotherhood]] for decades,<ref>[https://www.crisisgroup.org/middle-east-north-africa/eastern-mediterranean/syria/tentative-jihad-syria-s-fundamentalist-opposition Tentative Jihad: Syria’s Fundamentalist Opposition], International Crisis Group Report 131, October 12, 2012. crisisgroup.org </ref><ref>[https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/499aa06f2.pdf&ved=0ahUKEwjh1pf9g7HRAhVEyFQKHZ2XDYQFggaMAA&usg=AFQjCNE9sMqYJcjtkdd5KLNTAIibcgJkHg&sig2=Z6bj1EZgVhqLy-lifP5rXA SYRIA OGN v 4.0 Issued February 2009]. Home Office, UK Border Agency, Operation Guidance Note. See Section 3.8.8, for instance. </ref> groups that the governments of [[Russia]], [[Egypt]], and others have designated as [[terrorist]] organizations.<ref>[https://southfront.org/the-geopolitics-of-russia-egypt-relations/ THE GEOPOLITICS OF RUSSIA-EGYPT RELATIONS], J.Hawk, Daniel Deiss, Edwin Watson. October 27, 2916. southfront.org </ref>

:*Refugees generally are people forced from their homes due to the violence of war. Typically, as a humanitarian gesture, a host country may ease limitations and allow refugees to enter on either a temporary or permanent basis. Very many of the illegal migrants currently entering Europe are claiming refugee status from the [[Syrian Civil War|Syrian war]], although many come from North and Central Africa, throughout the Middle East region, and as far away as [[Pakistan]] and [[Afghanistan]]. Some 80% of migrants, asylum seekers, and refugees lack documentation of their country of origin.<ref>[http://www.express.co.uk/news/world/678083/Germany-migrant-crisis-80-per-cent-no-documents-passport-registration Migrant crisis: 80% of migrants in Germany have no documents], Rebecca Perring and Monika Pallenberg, ''Daily Express'', June 9, 2016 </ref>

===Points of entry===
There have been primarily four entry points most heavily used by migrants, although other peripheral points exist: (1) [[Morocco]] via [[Spain]]; (2) post-[[Gaddafi]] [[Libya]] to [[Italy]] and neighboring [[Mediterranean]] shores; (3) Western Balkan route through [[Greece]], [[Macedonia]], [[Albania]], [[Kosovo]], [[Serbia]], and [[Hungary]]; (4) Eastern Mediterranean through [[Turkey]]. Handbooks printed in [[Arabic]] have been found to help migrants shopping for the best social [[welfare state]] offerring the most benefits for them and their families needs.<ref>[http://news.sky.com/story/sky-finds-handbook-for-eu-bound-migrants-10346437 Sky Finds 'Handbook' For EU-Bound Migrants], Jonathan Samuels, ''Sky News'', 13 September 2015 </ref><ref>See interview beginning at 11:15. [https://youtu.be/cWSMURYM7bA Special Report: Inside Muslim majority neighborhoods of Malmo, Sweden], ''The Ezra Lavant Show'', 1 March 2016. youtube.com </ref>

===The Schengen Area===
The [[Schengen Area]] has its roots in the [[Schengen Agreement]], signed in 1985 in the town of Schengen in [[Luxembourg]].<ref name="Explained">[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-13194723 Schengen: Controversial EU free movement deal explained]. ''BBC''. April 24, 2016. Retrieved January 10, 2017.</ref> The agreement took effect in 1995.<ref name="Explained"/> The Area is not synonymous with the EU: some EU members are not part of the agreement and some non-EU members are part of the agreement.<ref name="Explained"/> The agreement removes all internal borders in the member states, so someone can travel across its member states with no passport or border security.<ref name="Explained"/> The Schengen Area is basically one country in this sense, even though its member states are nominally independent.<ref>Despite this, the EU and the Schengen Area have massively reduced the sovereignty of its member nations, so they cannot be truly considered independent or sovereign.</ref>

During the refugee crisis in 2015 and 2016, several Schengen Area states re-established border controls.<ref>Holehouse, Matthew; Orange, Richard (January 4, 2016). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/eu/12080906/Schengen-zone-in-danger-warns-Germany-after-Denmark-and-Sweden-introduce-border-controls.html Schengen zone in danger, warns Germany, after Denmark and Sweden introduce border controls]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved January 10, 2017.</ref><ref>Cendrowicz, Leo (January 4, 2016). [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/the-end-of-schengen-restrictions-by-denmark-and-sweden-are-threatening-europes-passport-free-zone-a6796696.html The end of Schengen? Restrictions by Denmark and Sweden are 'threatening Europe's passport-free zone']. ''The Independent''. Retrieved January 10, 2017.</ref>

=== Europe and illegal immigration ===

As far as [[illegal immigration]] to Europe, ''The American Interest'' website declares:
{{Cquote|Securing Europe’s vast land and sea borders—a task greater than that faced by the United States along its border with Mexico—is proving exceptionally challenging for the European Union (EU)....

Traffickers use small boats to reduce the chances of being picked up by patrol boats’ radars; migrants are often dropped off on stretches of inaccessible coastline, or left to drift ashore. In the case of illegal land crossings, small trucks are used to penetrate the most porous parts of eastern or southern Europe’s borders. Penalties for this are low or non-existent all around Europe, and traffickers are rarely caught anyway. Smuggling people across Europe has become easier and more profitable than anything other criminal activity, including drugs.<ref>[http://www.the-american-interest.com/2014/09/05/europes-immigration-crisis/ Europe’s Immigration Crisis]</ref>}}

===European immigration and desecularization===
Legal and illegal immigration of religious immigrants to European nations is a source of [[desecularization]] (see: [[European atheism and 21st century decline]] and [[Secular Europe]]).

In many irreligious European countries, there is a sub-replacement level of births which is expected to cause challenges to their pension systems and labor supplies (see: [[Atheism and fertility rates]]).
As irreligious populations rise in age, the fertility rates of these countries could drop further. The Rand Corporation indicates, "Nearly all European nations are experiencing long-term downtrends in fertility, and consequently, ageing of their populations. These demographic trends could have potentially damaging consequences for European economies."<ref>[http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG206.html Low Fertility and Population Ageing], Rand Corporation</ref>

==Germany==
From Reunification in 1990 until 2010 the German population stagnated at 78 million. There remains 11 deaths for every 9 live births. Growth forecasts have been dire.<ref>Jan Lahmeyer, [http://www.populstat.info/Europe/germanyc.htm GERMANY historical demographical data of the whole country], populstat.info </ref> [[Homosexuality]] and [[abortion]] are often cited as the underlying cause of a once strong nation, with a 2000 year history, not replacing itself and now fading into oblivion. But the Germans and German government policy have become thoroughly Americanized, adopting an open border policy in 2005 hoping to reverse the trend of a shrinking population. Germany has become the [[melting pot]] of Europe with 1 in 5 Germans today born elsewhere. Germany is the second target country, behind the [[United States]], of refugees, asylum seekers, and migrants. By far, the majority of immigrants to Germany come from other European countries. [[Kurds]] from [[Turkey]] count for 6 in 10 Muslim immigrants, with a few more coming from [[Kosovo]] and [[Albania]].

The disastrous [[foreign policy]] of [[Obama]] and [[Hillary Clinton]],<ref>[http://moderndiplomacy.eu/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=1416:the-libyan-failure-obama-and-clinton-s-forgotten-war&Itemid=139 The Libyan Failure: Obama and Clinton’s Forgotten War], Luis Durani, ''Modern Diplomacy'', May 13, 2016 </ref><ref>[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jeffrey-sachs/hillary-clinton-and-the-s_b_9231190.html Hillary Clinton and the Syrian Bloodbath], Jeffrey Sachs, ''Huffington Post'', Feb 15, 2016 </ref> fomenting strife and revolution in the Syrian and [[Libyan War]]s,<ref>[https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/wr2013_web.pdf&ved=0ahUKEwi4hbqN4rDRAhVIhlQKHZrbAhwQFgiCATAQ&usg=AFQjCNFF5AZwK7MO-fqSMIjdrDPXnZvlAA&sig2=2EFSlYfrCcdtd3wzFxw9yQ Human Rights Watch World Report 2013], pp. 580-587; 609-617. www.hrw.org </ref> has impacted German immigration in numbers more than any other European power since late 2014.<ref>[http://cco.ndu.edu/News/Article/835159/the-disintegration-of-european-security-lessons-from-the-refugee-crisis/ The Disintegration of European Security: Lessons from the Refugee Crisis], By Fabrizio Tassinari, Center for Complex Operations PRISM Volume 6, Number 2, July 18, 2016 </ref> More than 2.5 million refugees and migrants have flooded into Germany from outside Europe, migrants who do not share a common European heritage with their host country. In 2015 alone, Germany was invaded by nearly 1 million non-Western immigrants,<ref>[http://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2016/10/europe-immigration-muslim-refugees-portraits/ The New Europeans], Robert Kunzig, ''National Geographic'', October 2016 </ref> more than double the size of Germany's standing and reserve military force.

Some migrants from Islamic Republics have embraced Western [[secularism]] and the Western idea of a [[secular]] civil government and legal system; these migrants however, tend to be few,<ref>A study by the Univerity of Munster found that more than half of Turkish immigrants put Islam above German law. [http://www.dw.com/en/study-large-number-of-turks-in-germany-put-islam-above-the-law/a-19336757 Study: Large number of Turks in Germany put Islam above the law], Daniel Pelz, ''Deutsche Welle'', 16 June 2016 </ref> as it is unlawful for a Muslim to recognize any legal authority other than [[Allah]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=tk8IZ8MM9QsC&pg=PA81&lpg=PA81&dq=he+at+once+excludes+all+other+authority+except+that+God+sovereign&source=bl&ots=kkx0QPA4dU&sig=-b_ok1msaavsAA-gO826_CTW7uM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjCn5vQoa_RAhVKq1QKHc3cCVMQ6AEIIDAD#v=onepage&q=he%20at%20once%20excludes%20all%20other%20authority%20except%20that%20God%20sovereign&f=false Islamic Government], A.H. Qasmi, Gyan Publishing House, Jan 1, 2008, p. 81 </ref> To do so, under the laws of Islam, is a serious crime and is punishable by death.<ref>[http://www.loc.gov/law/help/apostasy/#summary Laws Criminalizing Apostasy]. Hanibal Goitom, Library of Congress Global Legal Research Center, MY 2024 </ref>

In recent decades [[Salafism]] has become the dominant mainstream thought among the [[Sunni]] Muslims of the [[Middle East]] and [[North Africa]].<ref>[https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://www.icanpeacework.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Women-Religious-Extremism.pdf&ved=0ahUKEwjKucW3grPRAhVN2WMKHazSAVgQFghgMA4&usg=AFQjCNEnVHXBmLSE6TuP32LaKC5X3HdXPw&sig2=jejyvnsVXWGKVLM0h5noFQ Extremism as Mainstream: Implications for Women, Development & Security in the MENA/Asia Region], Brief 11, Spring 2014. International Civil Society Action Network. icanpeacework.org </ref> These regions, along with Central Africa, are the countries of origin of most of the Muslims who have entered Europe and Germany since the [[Obama administration]]'s failed "[[Arab Spring]]" uprisings which have left in excess of 300,000 dead and at least 11 million homeless and displaced globally.<ref>[https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/campaigns/2016/01/arab-spring-five-years-on/ THE 'ARAB SPRING': FIVE YEARS ON]. [[Amnesty International]]. amnesty.org </ref><ref>[http://www.carnegiecouncil.org/en_US/studio/multimedia/20160322/index.html/_view/lang=en_US Blood Year: The Unraveling of Western Counterterrorism], DAVID KILCULLEN, DAVID SHIPLEY, JOANNE J. MYERS, Carnegie Council Global Ethics Forum, MARCH 22, 2016 </ref><ref>[http://www.onlinecolumnist.com/2016/11/29/obamas-failed-syrian-policy/ OBAMA’S FAILED SYRIAN POLICY], BY JOHN M. CURTIS, NOVEMBER 29, 2016. onlinecolmnist.com </ref><ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/26/magazine/is-this-the-end-of-christianity-in-the-middle-east.html Is this the End of Christianity in the Middle East?], Eliza Griswold, ''[[New York Times]]'', 22 July 2015 </ref><ref>[http://www.newsweek.com/middle-east-saudi-arabia-iran-nimr-execution-cleric-obama-king-salman-tehran-413680 THE LOSER OF THE COLD WAR BETWEEN IRAN AND SAUDI ARABIA MAY BE OBAMA], BY JONATHAN BRODER, ''[[Newsweek]]'', 1/11/16 </ref><ref>[https://socialistworker.org/2016/06/07/the-untold-toll-of-obamas-war-on-isis The untold toll of Obama's war on ISIS], Ashley Smith, June 7, 2016. socialistworker.org </ref><ref>While these horrors unfolded for five years by either design or incompetence, most American mainstream journalists cowered in sycophancy before Barack Obama for fear of being called [[racist]].</ref> Salafism rejects [[democracy]] as disobedient to Allah and [[idolatry|idolatrous]], and advocates a civil regime under [[shariah]] law.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=MLE68zW_7LUC&pg=PA170&lpg=PA170&dq=al+wala+wal+bara+democracy&source=bl&ots=aZTtjWVHiV&sig=-XSHBkJqJ3BiaTKzRc4UgvMO_nk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjd-965irPRAhXqiFQKHVo_CKAQ6AEISzAM#v=onepage&q=al%20wala%20wal%20bara%20democracy&f=false Fault Lines in Global Jihad: Organizational, Strategic, and Ideological Fissures], Assaf Moghadam & Brian Fishman, Taylor & Francis, May 10, 2011, pp. 170-171 </ref> A Muslim who migrates for [[economic]] opportunity or to escape [[tyranny]] (in the Western sense of the word) is a [[traitor]] to Islam. He is deemed a radical and worse than an [[infidel]] to Sunni-Salafi society; he has betrayed his nation and his people. Those bringing ''shariah'' law to non-Muslim lands - the dominant mainstream legal system among Sunnis - are on a "civilizing" mission to the "ignorant" (''jahiliyyah'') disbelieving infidels.<ref>[http://www.freedomhouse.org/report/special-reports/saudi-publications-hate-ideology-invade-american-mosques Saudi Publications on Hate Ideology] January 2006</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=5QE3AgAAQBAJ&pg=PT15&lpg=PT15&dq=qaradawi+austrian+text&source=bl&ots=CQddhGpFZ_&sig=XGcgu4Qo5_QlpzQUNIjcsQWYJOY&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiondPvxb7RAhXGslQKHc2BA_YQ6AEIQDAO#v=onepage&q=qaradawi%20austrian%20text&f=false Islamism and the West: From "Cultural Attack" to "Missionary Migrant"], Uriya Shavit, Routledge, Nov 26, 2013 </ref>

Once a devout Muslim finds a secure area to pray 5 times daily (the Second Pilar of Islam), that area encompassing a few cubic feet becomes part of the sacred realm of Islam (which does not recognize [[Nation state|national borders]]), under the law and teachings of Islam.<ref>The place of prayer is extremely important; prayers performed on usurped property are void, [https://www.al-islam.org/islamic-laws-ayatullah-ali-al-husayni-al-sistani/rules-salat-part-ii-iii] and there is no prohibition on the usurpation of property from infidels (Surahs 8:69 & 33:21-27 for examples). The place of prayer must also be clean, i.e., free of the uncleanness of infidels. In November 2016 Abdul Artan drove his car into pedestrian traffic at the University of Ohio-Columbus and began slashing 10 people with a butcher knife. Artan was upset because he could not find an unsullied place to have his prayers accepted by Allah, which was his religious duty 5 times daily. The mainstream media misreported Artan as being in fear of [[Islamophobia]]. [https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/29/us/ohio-state-university-abdul-artan-islamic-state.html?_r=0] </ref> It becomes territory held by "legal authority", to be defended against retaking by infidels.

===Alternative for Germany===
:''Main article: [[Alternative for Germany]]''
The Alternative for Germany (AfD), was founded in 2013 by economics professor Bernd Lucke.<ref name="Germany'sFarage">Zeronian, Sarkis (July 5, 2016). [http://www.breitbart.com/london/2015/07/05/germanys-farage-becomes-leader-of-eurosceptic-alternative-for-germany-party/ ‘Germany’s Farage’ Becomes Leader Of Eurosceptic Alternative For Germany Party]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved December 31, 2016.</ref> Although the party was relatively conservative and Eurosceptic (it mainly opposed the Eurozone<ref name="BBC"/>), it was a neo-liberal party that attracted middle class opponents of the [[Eurozone]].<ref name="Germany'sFarage"/> The party made several gains during this time, with seven AfD members being elected to the [[European Parliament]] in 2014.<ref name="BBC">[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-37274201 What does Alternative for Germany (AfD) want?]. ''BBC''. September 5, 2016. Retrieved December 31, 2016.</ref>

A power struggle within the party soon broke out, with Lucke, who wanted the party to focus on an anti-Euro policy, being opposed by Frauke Petry and her conservative, right-wing faction that emphasized law and order, immigration reductions, conservative social views, and [[Islam]].<ref name="Germany'sFarage"/> In the AfD party elections of July 2015, Petry won 68 percent of the vote, becoming the new leader of the party.<ref name="Germany'sFarage"/> The liberal Lucke subsequently left the party and formed his own.<ref name="BBC"/> Additionally, five of the party's seven MEP's left the party.<ref name="BBC"/> The AfD quickly adopted Petry's conservative, right-wing populist agenda, even though it still supported holding a referendum over the Eurozone.<ref name="BBC"/><ref name="Telegraph">Huggler, Justin (September 4, 2016). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/09/04/germanys-far-right-afd-unseats-angela-merkels-party-in-key-regio/ Germany's far-right AfD hands defeat to Angela Merkel's party in key regional vote]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved December 31, 2016.</ref>

Under Petry's leadership, the AfD continued to grow dramatically, winning numerous seats in state parliaments.<ref name="Telegraph"/><ref name="DW">[http://www.dw.com/en/what-is-the-alternative-for-germany/a-19527050 What is the Alternative for Germany?]. ''DW''. September 5, 2016. Retrieved December 31, 2016.</ref><ref name="Wa.T.">Moulson, Geir (September 4, 2016). [http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/sep/4/alternative-germany-party-wins-state-election/ Anger over Merkel’s Syria refugee policy drives win for Alternative for Germany party]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 31, 2016.</ref> The AfD formed an alliance with the [[Freedom Party of Austria]] in 2016 due to their shared Eurosceptic views.<ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36504307 Nationalist Austria-Germany summit held on Zugspitze summit]. ''BBC''. June 10, 2016. Retrieved December 31, 2016.</ref> Immigration is a very large issue in the party.

While the AfD was unable to gain any seats in the German national parliament in the 2013 election, it is in a strong position for the 2017 elections.

==France==
===National Front===
:''Main articles: [[French National Front]] and [[Marine Le Pen]]''
The French National Front, which although sharing characteristics with conservative parties is not a real conservative party, nonetheless strongly opposes membership in the socialist and globalist EU.

In recent years, the party has seen much success. One of its more notable victories was its exceptional performance in the 2014 [[European Parliament]] elections, where it became the largest party in the parliament that represented France.<ref>John, Mark; Abboud, Leila (May 25, 2014). [http://www.reuters.com/article/us-eu-election-france-idUSBREA4O0CP20140525 Far-right National Front stuns French elite with EU 'earthquake']. ''Reuters''. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref><ref>Meichtry, Stacy (May 26, 2014). [http://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304587704579585501067038362 France Shaken by National Front 'Earthquake']. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref>

National Front leader [[Marine Le Pen]] is currently the frontrunner for the 2017 French presidential election.

==United Kingdom==
:''For more information on how the EU is affecting Britain, see [[Examples of EU regulations on Britain]]''
Immigration to the [[United Kingdom]] rose to 333,000 in 2015, which was the second highest recorded number in history.<ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-eu-referendum-36382199 Net migration to UK rises to 333,000 - second highest on record]. ''BBC''. May 26, 2016. Retrieved January 7, 2017.</ref> According to 2014 data, over half of all immigrants came from outside the EU.<ref>Doughty, Steve (February 26, 2015). [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2970032/Humiliation-Cameron-net-migration-hits-298-000-despite-promise-cut-tens-thousands.html 300,000! That was the overall number of migrants last year - and 190,000 were from OUTSIDE the EU. So much for the PM's target of tens of thousands]. ''Daily Mail''. Retrieved January 7, 2017.</ref>

UK Prime Minister [[David Cameron]], who, despite being a member of the [[Conservative Party]], holds several leftist positions, pledged to reduce immigration to under 100,000 annually. Despite this pledge, immigration soared during his tenure to even higher levels than when he first took office.<ref>Whitehead, Tom (February 26, 2015). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/immigration/11436403/David-Cameron-immigration-pledge-in-tatters-as-net-immigration-stands-at-298000.html David Cameron immigration pledge in tatters as net immigration stands at 298,000]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved January 7, 2017.</ref>

Immigration played a very influential role in the successful [[Brexit]] referendum on June 23, 2016,<ref>Bennett, Asa (June 29, 2016). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/06/29/did-britain-really-vote-brexit-to-cut-immigration/ Did Britain really vote Brexit to cut immigration?]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved January 7, 2017.</ref><ref>Siegel, Josh (June 23, 2016). [http://dailysignal.com/2016/06/23/how-immigration-fueled-the-brexit-result/ How Immigration Fueled the Brexit Result]. ''The Daily Signal''. Retrieved January 7, 2017.</ref> along with other very important and related factors such as sovereignty and backlash against the leftist [[establishment]] elites who support large levels of immigration.<ref>Friedman, George; Mauldin, John (July 5, 2016). [http://www.forbes.com/sites/johnmauldin/2016/07/05/3-reasons-brits-voted-for-brexit/#6f7d841d78c1 3 Reasons Brits Voted For Brexit]. ''Forbes''. Retrieved January 7, 2017.</ref>

===UK Independence Party===
:''Main articles: [[United Kingdom Independence Party]], [[Nigel Farage]], and [[Brexit]]''
The United Kingdom Independence Party, founded in 1993, supports [[Brexit|leaving the EU]] as its main goal. However, the party and its former leader Nigel Farage, also are strong opponents of mass migration.<ref>Edmunds, Donna Rachel (January 21, 2016). [http://www.breitbart.com/london/2016/01/21/the-ukip-trump-gerard-batten-mep-calls-for-end-to-muslim-mass-immigration-to-britain/ Britain’s Trump? UKIP MEP Calls for End to Muslim Mass Immigration To Britain]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref>

The party has performed very well in recent elections for a third party. In the 2014 [[European Parliament]] elections, UKIP, like Eurosceptic parties across Europe, won a massive victory, becoming the largest UK party in the European Parliament and receiving more seats than the two main parties.<ref>Hallett, Nick (May 25, 2014). [http://www.breitbart.com/london/2014/05/25/earthquake-in-uk-politics/ Earthquake: UK Independence Party Makes History with EU Election Victory]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref><ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-27567744 Farage: UKIP has 'momentum' and is targeting more victories]. ''BBC''. May 26, 2014. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref><ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/events/vote2014/eu-uk-results UK European election results - Vote 2014]. ''BBC''. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref>

Former UKIP leader Nigel Farage is arguably the most successful British politician of the modern age for successfully advocating and then winning a referendum for leaving the EU.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2016/06/24/buzzfeed-nigel-farage-britains-successful-politician-generation/ BuzzFeed: Nigel Farage ‘Britain’s Most Successful Politician in a Generation’]. ''Breitbart''. June 24, 2016. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref>

==Netherlands==
Dutch Moroccans have been migrating to the Netherlands since the 1960s and have effectively taken over the [[illegal drug]] and human trafficing business.<ref>[http://www.ad.nl/binnenland/marokkanen-vormen-nieuwe-generatie-topcriminelen~a69ee61f/ Moroccans form new generation of top criminals], AD, 18 February 2016. (Original in Dutch). www.ad.nl </ref> While it is important to note most Dutch Moroccans have integrated seemlessly into society and are respected economic contributors, the recent influx of non-European migrants have increased pressures among the public and politicians to do something about the [[criminal]] enterprizes operating in their midst.

The Moroccan street thugs are known for their anti-black and anti-Semitic racism.<ref>[http://www.parool.nl/parool/nl/224/BINNENLAND/article/detail/3251206/2012/05/05/Baby-na-straatruzie-overleden.dhtml Baby Dies After Street Brawl], ''Het Parool'', 5 May 2012. (Original in Dutch). www.parool.nl </ref><ref>[http://www.eo.nl/magazines/visie/artikel-detail/antisemitisme-is-nog-nooit-zo-hard-geweest/ Anti-Semitism has never been so hard], Dutch Public Broadcasting. www.eo.nl </ref> Moroccan street gangbangers have also been known to stalk, harass, or assault non-Muslim girls caught alone in public areas.<ref>https://youtu.be/oH8-Wjx4bXk </ref> According to the Netherlands Institute for Social Research, a government agency which conducts research into social aspects of government policy, 65% of all Moroccan male youths between 12-23 years of age have been detained by [[police]] at least once, one third of this group has been detained five or more times, and Moroccan criminals are convicted four times more than Dutch suspects.<ref>The Netherlands Institute for Social Research has since relocated and hidden its findings on its webserver since the high profile trial of Geert Wilders citing these facts.</ref> Because a disproportionate share of Moroccan youth feel alienated from Dutch society and turn to crime, local [[imam]]s suggest young people must be caught early and turned to the Islamic faith.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150221205747/http://www.gelderlander.nl/algemeen/binnenland/vandaag-imam-tijd-voor-debat-over-opvoeding-1.4296144 Today: Imam 'time for debate on education'], ''Die Gelderlander'', 2 Aprl 2014. (Original in Dutch). www.gelderlander.nl </ref> Such is the nature of the debate raging today about immigration and integration of migrants in the Netherlands.

As in Sweden, the ruling faction has taken to violating basic human rights and guarantees of free speech for [[Members of Parliament]] and their constituents and the misapplication of hate speech laws for persons who advocate immigration reform.<ref>[http://www.nationalreview.com/article/395269/new-european-assault-free-speech-ian-tuttle A New European Assault on Free Speech], by IAN TUTTLE, ''[[National Review]]'', December 23, 2014 </ref>

===Party for Freedom===
:''Main articles: [[Party for Freedom]] and [[Geert Wilders]]''
The Party for Freedom (''Partij voor de Vrijheid'' or PVV) is a conservative political party. It currently occupies 15 seats in the Lower House (''Tweede Kamer'') of the [[Netherlands|Dutch]] Parliament.

The leader of the PVV is [[Geert Wilders]]. The other members are Fleur Agema, Raymond de Roon, Hero Brinkman, Martin Bosma, Barry Madlener, Teun van Dijck, Sietse Fritsma, Dion Graus<ref>http://www.pvv.nl/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogcategory&id=15&Itemid=5 PVV Fractie</ref>

The party aims to stop immigration, lower taxes, create stricter laws against criminals and terrorists and create basic laws for animal rights.<ref>http://www.pvv.nl/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=788&Itemid=139 PVV Visie</ref>

Because of his outspoken views on radical Islam, PVV leader Wilders is under 24-7 police protection:
* In November 2004, "a Muslim fanatic murdered Dutch filmmaker Theo van Gogh for making a movie about the abuse of women under Islam".<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2012/may/4/resisting-threat-of-fanatical-islam/ Resisting threat of fanatical Islam: West must not surrender permanent liberty for temporary tolerance] - [[Geert Wilders]], ''The Washington Times''</ref>

==Belgium==
===Vlaams Belang===
:''Main article: [[Vlaams Belang]]''
Vlaams Belang (English: ''Flemish Interest'') is a [[conservative]] Flemish nationalist political party in [[Flanders]] and [[Brussels]] ([[Belgium]]). The party also aims to stop immigration and create stricter laws against criminals and terrorists. Tom Van Grieken is since 2014 the leader (president) of Vlaams Belang.

==Sweden==
===Social innovation of the ecosystem===
As comical, conspiratorial, and insane as it seems, Sweden's elite rulers have made the decision, and taken concrete steps as the model social democratic state, to reduce the nation's [[carbon footprint]] by turning their country into a [[Third World]] hellhole. The technical term for this project is "social ecological transformation", which is part of the anti-consumption "degrowth" movement to promote "sustainability" and limit "resource depletion". Swedish leaders and experts have been in a panic since the World Wildlife Fund issued a report claiming that since 1987, at the current rate of consumption, 1.3 planets would be necessary for sustainability, and recommended Sweden adopt an immediate 3% annual reduction in carbon emissions. In 2008 the World Wildlife Fund experts reported we would need 2.0 planets to sustain lifestyles if everyone lived as Swedes do. A "one planet economy" is the goal. The projections are based on a [[zero sum]] paradigm with no allowance for future unknown inventions, technological improvement, or innovation in economic and energy efficiency.

===Population replacement===
The [[United Nations]] has advocated a scheme known as "replacement migration" or "population replacement" as a theoretical means to avoid declining government revenues for member states with aging and shrinking populations, and consequent budget cuts. Statistical variations in employment and unemployment rates can also be manipulated.<ref>[http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/migration/migration.htm Replacement Migration: Is It a Solution to Declining and Ageing Populations?], Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division </ref> When the dominant population is educated under shariah law (projected in 2045) and "overshoots" in consumption and the "ecological debt" are reigned in, these concerns become moot, except for the problem of an educated workforce maintaining sustainable government revenues and social welfare programs.

Prior to 2015, Sweden refered to itself as the world's 'humanitarian [[superpower]]'. With the migrant wave [[public school]]s have been burnt down.<ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/10276738 Immigrant youths riot in Sweden, burning down school], [[BBC]], 9 June 2010 </ref> Refugee volunteer workers have been [[rape]]d and [[murder]]ed.<ref>[http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/migrant-crisis-young-female-refugee-centre-worker-stabbed-death-by-migrant-sweden-1540020 Migrant crisis: Young female refugee centre worker stabbed to death by migrant in Sweden], Mark Piggott By Mark Piggott, International Business Times, January 25, 2016 </ref><ref>[http://www.wnd.com/2016/05/woman-welcomes-muslim-refugee-into-home-gets-raped/ WOMAN WELCOMES MUSLIM 'REFUGEE' INTO HOME, GETS RAPED], Leo Hohmann, ''[[World Net Daily]]'', 05/31/2016 </ref> Police have been unable to enter refugee centers to assist children who have been raped by refugees.<ref>[https://www.jihadwatch.org/2016/01/sweden-muslim-migrants-force-police-to-flee-refugee-center Sweden: Muslim migrants force police to flee refugee center], [[Robert Spencer]], Jihad Watch, JANUARY 26, 201u6 </ref> Citizens have torched refugee centers, angered at the lawlessness of both migrants and the government, and the government's unconcern for the safety of Swedes. Members of Parliament who cite statistics on the immigrant crime wave have been prosecuted and convicted for [[hate speech]] - even when their statistics are strictly factual.<ref>[http://conservative-headlines.com/2014/05/swedish-politician-convicted-of-a-crime-for-posting-statistics-about-rape-on-facebook/ Swedish politician convicted of a crime for posting statistics about rape on Facebook]. conservative-headlines.com </ref> In late 2014 the Swedish Parliament passed a law [[censoring]] any criticism of the government's immigration policy, including internet speech, or the politicians who voted for it, as "[[hate speech]]".<ref>[http://investmentwatchblog.com/sweden-passes-law-to-criminalize-any-criticism-of-immigration/ Sweden Passes A New Law to Criminalize Any Criticism of Immigration Or Politician’s Unwillingness To Tackle The Issue], ''Ivestment Watch'', DECEMBER 8, 2014. investmentwatchblog.com </ref> Mainstream media outlets cannot report on crimes committed by immigrants, and the [[police]] cannot write down a description of an offender in a police report. The police have participated in horrendous cover ups. At an anti-racist rock concert Swedish girls were raped by migrants and the police and media colluded to keep the facts from the public.<ref>[http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/01/its-not-only-germany-that-covers-up-mass-sex-attacks-by-migrant-men-swedens-record-is-shameful/ Sweden’s record is shameful Stockholm police were warned not to give descriptions of the perpetrators lest they were accused of being racist], Ivar Arpi, ''The Spectator'', 16 January 2016. www.spectator.co.uk </ref> Reporters and cameramen for the [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]'s ''60 Minutes'' were beat up, stoned, and run over (never reported by the American ''60 Minutes'') while attempting to do a report from an Islamic [[ghetto]].<ref>https://youtu.be/l-pG4oiih3A </ref> Even [[Pope Francis]], whose been very liberal on the subject of Muslim immigration, moderated his stance after visiting the Muslim enclave of Malmo.<ref>[https://cruxnow.com/commentary/2016/11/04/sweden-pope-francis-becomes-immigration-realist/ After Sweden, Pope Francis becomes an immigration ‘realist’],
Thomas D. Williams, ''The Crux'', November 4, 2016. cruxnow.com </ref> American media outlets have turned a blind eye to the disintegration of what was once considered the most generous nation on earth.<ref>[http://foreignpolicy.com/2016/02/10/the-death-of-the-most-generous-nation-on-earth-sweden-syria-refugee-europe/ The Death of the Most Generous Nation on Earth], BY JAMES TRAUB, ''Foreign Policy'', FEBRUARY 10, 2016 </ref>

Tiny Sweden, roughly smaller in population than [[North Carolina]], has taken on more migrants ''per capita'' than any EU member.<ref>[https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://dspace.mah.se/handle/2043/18345&ved=0ahUKEwik69K-9MrRAhUBV2MKHWFbA34QFggkMAI&usg=AFQjCNF9pGU56iFzioB6PAB06nApP00vcg&sig2=OtNteBonRyrsOQhQTV_M1g An Ecosystem for Social Innovation in Sweden], F. Bjork, ''et al'', Eds., Lund University, November 2014 </ref> Swedes today speak of what was their country as a lessen for the world about unchecked, unregulated immigration,<ref>[https://youtu.be/vZ-nw0ijTpQ Sweden has died. Do not allow your country to be next...], 16 June 2016. youtube.com </ref> open borders, and [[political correctness]].<ref>https://youtu.be/ykbJOXxyGho </ref> Rape has skyrocketed 1500%,<ref>[http://www.israelvideonetwork.com/video-swedens-migrant-rape-epidemic/ Sweden’s Migrant Rape Epidemic Revealed]. www.israelvideonetwork.com </ref> with 77% of the crimes committed by 2% of its 'foreign' minority,<ref>[https://muslimstatistics.wordpress.com/2015/03/19/sweden-77-6-percent-of-all-rapes-in-the-country-committed-by-muslim-males-making-up-2-percent-of-population/comment-page-2/ Sweden: est 77% of rapes committed by 2% Muslim male population – Crime statistics], March 19, 2015. Google translate from Affes.wordpress.com. muslimstatistics.wordpress.com </ref> a fact which cannot be reported or openly discussed because of [[hate crime]] legislation.<ref>[http://conservative-headlines.com/2011/02/immigration-turns-sweden-into-rape-capitol-of-europe/ Immigration turns Sweden into rape capitol of Europe.]. conservative-headlines.com </ref> Nowhere is the dysfunctionalism of the [[left]] more apparent than among so-called 'Women's Rights' groups and activists. They have been silent on the rape crisis, pretending [[gay rights]] and 'the glass ceiling' are still the vital issues of concern to most women and girls, and continue advocating for the imporation of more people who want take away women's rights. In small villages of 400 where people never locked their doors, the government places another 400 non-European migrants side by side with natives. As in Germany and larger cities elsewhere, women and girls are fearful of going out at night or being unescorted in daylight.

The imported rape culture has permanently transformed Sweden's leftist [[utopia]]. Migrants, for the most part, have no interest in integrating into Swedish society. They are there for one reason: to exploit the welfare state benefits now, and replace the aging population, who have an unsustainable birthrate, later. The homogeneous liberal utopia of Sweden is now dead,<ref>By 2030, Sweden is projected to have an HDI, or Human Development Index below [[Mexico]], Libya, and [[Bulgaria]]. The HDI takes in the “capabilities” of a country intended to reflect the health, [[education]], and income of a country’s population. [http://ww.rrojasdatabank.info/HDRP_2010_40.pdf A Hypothetical Cohort Model of Human Development], Jana Asher and Beth Osborne Daponte, United Nations Development Programme Human Development Reports, September 2010, Table 10. What goes unnoticed by many is, this is a policy by design. It is a course governing coalitions over many years have set Sweden on, theoretically, to reduce Sweden's [[carbon footprint]].</ref> and population scientists say the decline of the Swedish population and high birthrates among migrants are irreversible. All these facts are known to Swedes and migrants, of all ages, alike. The government of Sweden has offered returning [[ISIS]] fighters housing and driver licenses, Swedish courts have ruled flying the Islamic State flag is legal, and the [[Caliph]] has already ordered [[Christian]]s living in Sweden to convert or face beheading.

Neighboring Norway has closed its border with Sweden.

===Social Democrats===
The '''Social Democrats''' head up Swedens current governing coalition and have shown themselves out of step with the growing concern over immigration reform, are hostile to basic [[human rights]] such as [[free speech]], and [[tolerance|intolerant]] of criticism.

===Moderaterna and Christian Democrats===
'''Moderaterna''' (Moderates) is the center-right party that headed the coalition government along with '''Christisn Democrats''' that are blamed by many Swedes for exacerbating Sweden's immigration crisis. Moderaterna was tossed out of the leadership role in the 2014 elections.

Sweden alone among European and Western powers never had a native [[fascist]] movement or party. The fear of being labeled racist runs very deep among whatever political persuasion one is affiliated with, and because of its neutral stance during [[World War II]], Swedes still feel a collective sense of guilt that they as a nation didn't do enough to oppose [[Hitler]], and have been compensating for it through humanitarianism ever since.

The "mainstream" conservatives in Sweden consist of a [[business]] class and evangelical charismatic Christians. These are the two groups which have traditionally been the strongest proponents of open borders, the business class using cheap foreign laborers as union busters, and the Christians as a show of compassion. From 2006 until 2014 the center-right Moderaterna party led a governing coalition with the '''Christian Democrats''' which welcomed throngs of migrants. It is the relative conservatives (conservative by leftist European standards) who are blamed for allowing large numbers in.<ref>[http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/427465/sweden-and-belgium-silencing-and-denial Sweden and Belgium: Silencing and Denial], ANDREW STUTTAFORD, ''[[National Review]]'', November 21, 2015 </ref>

===Sweden Democrats===
The Sweden Democrats are considered a [[nationalist]] party founded in 1988. The party has gained populist sentiment in recent years in a country that has traditionally been suspicious of nationalist sentiment. In 2015, the party cut ties with its youth organization, Young Sweden Democrats, who were impatient of the slow pace of reform and for alleged [[skinhead]] associations.

==Norway==
===Progress Party===

==Finland==
===Centre Party===
===Finns Party===

==Denmark==
[[Denmark]], which processed 7,000 asylum seekers in 2013, 14,000 in 2014, and 21,000 in 2015, has taken steps to dissuade migrants from showing up. Situated between two of the migrants most popular destinations, Germany and Sweden, Denmark started efforts to stem the flow in 2016. When dozens of migrants began arriving with child brides as low as 14 years old to enjoy Denmark's social welfare benefits, Danes began saying enough was enough. One man had 3 wives and 20 children.

The first step to get the message out was seizing any property over $1400 in value to offset government costs. Then the monthly stipend was cut 45% because of the overwhelming number of people arriving. Citizens who drove migrants accross the country between Germany and Sweden were fined. The government took out ads in Arabic language newspapers apprising visitors of the new [[regulation]]s. Finally, [[pork]] became a mainstay on the menu in public schools.

Slamming the door on migrants seems out of character for a nation noted for empathy toward people unwelcome elsewhere.<ref>For example, when the Nazis imposed a regulation requiring Jews to identify themselves in public by wearing the [[Star of David]], the following day the King appeared in public wearing the Star of David, inspiring multitudes to don the Star and assist hiding Jews by confusing the [[gestapo]].</ref> Danes like the society they've built and inherited, and hard-headed pragmatism causes them to step back from the self-destruction their neighbors are intent on. Denmark maybe next to follow Brexit.
===Danish Peoples Party===

==Switzerland==
Switzerland has one of the largest immigrant populations in Europe. As of about 2014, 27.7% of the Swiss population was born in another country, the second highest in Europe.<ref name="Highest">[http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/migration-outlook_switzerland-has-highest-number-of-immigrants/41145410 Switzerland has highest number of immigrants]. ''Swissinfo''. December 1, 2014. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref> Additionally, for the year 2012, 1.6% of the Swiss population were foreigners who decided to permanently settle in Switzerland in that year alone, the highest of any European Country.<ref name="Highest"/> Additionally, in the year 2013, over 35% of adults in Switzerland were either first of second generation immigrants.<ref name="Swell">[http://www.thelocal.ch/20150122/immigrants-rise-to-more-thank-third-of Immigrants swell to third of Swiss population]. ''The Local''. January 22, 2015.</ref> 2.4 million of the 6.8 million adults in Switzerland were in this group, up from 1.7 million just 10 years prior.<ref name="Swell"/> Fortunately for non-immigrants, Switzerland has strict citizenship laws, so relatively few immigrants and their distant descendants can become citizens (if they are not related to a non-immigrant, they must prove that they are well-integrated into Swiss society and can only apply after 10 years in the country).<ref name="Swell"/>

Residents of Switzerland can see the changes due to immigration. Even in rural, conservative areas, it is becoming more and more common to see people who clearly are not Swiss. Actually, one could actually consider Switzerland's reaction to the massive immigration problem to be very mild, as other countries with even less immigration to the country are reacting just as strongly.

Although the Swiss people have supported several referendums restricting immigration standards, the Swiss government watered down the implementation of those referendums to appease the European Union and their own globalist and "humanitarian" interests.<ref>Raaflaub, Christian (January 6, 2016). [http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/-initiative_literal-implementation-causes-controversy/41863564 Deportation initiative back before voters]. ''Swissinfo''. Retrieved December 17, 2016.</ref><ref>[http://www.thelocal.ch/20161216/svp-bern-capitulates-with-final-immigration-vote It's official: Switzerland defies referendum and won't impose EU immigration controls]. ''The Local''. December 16, 2016. Retrieved December 17, 2016.</ref>

===Swiss People's Party===
[[File:National Council of Switzerland 2015 election winner by canton.svg.png|thumb|300px|Results of the 2015 Swiss federal election in October 2015. Each canton is shaded according to the party that won the most votes for the National Council (lower house). The SVP is shaded in dark green, and it won the largest popular victory for a Swiss political party in at least a century.<ref name="SlideToRight"/>]]
:''Main article: [[Swiss People's Party]]''
Unlike most other European right-wing parties, the Swiss People's Party has been well established for decades, and it became the largest party in Switzerland during the 1990s, long before other European countries.

The SVP and its predecessors had "showed remarkable stability" in "electoral support" until the 1990s.<ref>Skenderovic, pp. 127.</ref> However, the SVP grew dramatically in size, becoming the largest party by 1999 with 22.5 percent of the vote.<ref>[http://www.politik-stat.ch/nrw1999CH_de.html 1999 federal election results]. ''politik-stat.ch''. Retrieved October 12, 2016.</ref> This growth directly coincided with the victory of the conservative, right-wing faction of the party—led by businessman [[Christoph Blocher]]—over the moderate establishment faction.<ref>Skenderovic, pp. 129, 132-135, 141.</ref>

Arguably the most important action of the SVP was its successful opposition of Swiss entry into the European Economic Area (EEA) in 1992. As a strong conservative, Blocher strongly opposed Swiss integration with, and thus a loss of sovereignty to, outside powers, and he was able to convince the national party to adopt his position.<ref name="pp.135">Skenderovic, pp. 135.</ref> The SVP was one of only two major parties to oppose membership, the other being the [[leftist]] Greens.<ref name="Trampusch">Trampusch, Christine and André Mach (2011). [https://books.google.com/books?id=5nOrAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT63&lpg=PT63&dq=Swiss+People's+Party+%2B+EEA+1992&source=bl&ots=6ykAlPUxDf&sig=KnL0LwEuLNklUYfTL_lQWFuobHI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj56sX01NvPAhVI7SYKHdgJC-0Q6AEIPjAG#v=onepage&q=Swiss%20People's%20Party%20%2B%20EEA%201992&f=false Switzerland in Europe: Continuity and Change in the Swiss Political Economy]. Routledge. ISBN: 978-0-415-58051-9.</ref> The referendum to join the EEA failed, a major success for Blocher and the SVP, and a majority of SVP members voted with Blocher, strengthening his position in the party.<ref name="pp.135"/> The vote has been considered "a turning point" for the SVP and Swiss politics in general.<ref>Skenderovic, Damir (January 21, 2013). [http://policy-network.net/pno_detail.aspx?ID=4317 The SVP: A success story of right-wing populism]. ''policy-network.net''. Retrieved October 14, 2016.</ref> Since then, opposition to European integration and loss of national sovereignty has been "a main issue" for the SVP, and in the coming years it sponsored several other conservative national initiatives, which usually were not successful.<ref>Skenderovic, pp. 135-138.</ref>

The SVP continued to grow dramatically, and in the 2015 federal election the party received 29.4 percent of the vote and 65 seats in the 200-seat National Council, a record amount for the party.<ref name="SlideToRight">[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/switzerland/11939953/Anti-immigration-party-wins-Swiss-election-in-slide-to-the-Right.html Anti-immigration party wins Swiss election in 'slide to the Right']. ''The Telegraph'' (originally by ''Reuters''). October 19, 2015. Retrieved October 12, 2016.</ref> No Swiss political party had exceeded the SVP's share of the vote in at least a century, and no party received more seats in the National Council since 1963, when the number of seats was established at 200.<ref name="SlideToRight"/> In the same election, [[leftist]] parties lost a large number of seats.<ref name="SlideToRight"/><ref name="BreitbartCH">[http://www.breitbart.com/london/2015/10/19/swiss-parliament-shifts-to-right-in-vote-dominated-by-migrant-surge/ Swiss Parliament Shifts To Right In Vote Dominated By Migrant Surge]. ''Breitbart'' (by ''AFP''). October 19, 2015. Retrieved October 12, 2016.</ref> Immigration was a major reason for the party's historic and record-breaking 2015 victory.<ref name="BreitbartCH"/><ref>[http://www.economist.com/news/europe/21676703-fear-immigrations-swings-switzerland-even-farther-right-switzerland-scarcely-touched-europes-new Fear of immigration swings Switzerland even farther right]. ''The Economist''. October 20, 2015. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref>

Successful referendums that the SVP has sponsored include a 2009 initiative to ban the construction of any new minarets,<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/europe/11/29/switzerland.minaret.referendum/index.html?iref=24hours Swiss vote to ban minaret construction]. ''CNN''. November 29, 2009. Retrieved October 14, 2016.</ref> a 2010 initiative to expel foreigners who commit crimes,<ref>[http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/2010-initiative_foreign-criminal-expulsion-law-set-for-october/42001678 Foreign criminal expulsion law set for October]. ''Swissinfo''. March 4, 2016. Retrieved October 14, 2016.</ref> and a 2014 initiative to limit immigration by instituting quotas on it.<ref>[http://www.dw.com/en/swiss-voters-narrowly-back-referendum-curbing-immigration/a-17420367 Swiss voters narrowly back referendum curbing immigration]. ''Deutsche Welle''. February 9, 2014. Retrieved October 14, 2016.</ref> The 2010 and 2014 referendums, however, were watered down by the liberal Swiss government.

==Austria==
On September 11, 1683, the two day Siege of Vienna commenced. The Holy League turned back the Muslim Turks' encroachment on Europe. [[John III Sobieski|John Sobieski]], King of [[Poland]], who was credited with saving [[Christendom]], said, "We came. We saw. God conquered." 330 years later, Muslims have occupied the city. Muslim students now outnumber [[Roman Catholic]] students at middle and secondary schools.<ref>[http://de.radiovaticana.va/storico/2014/03/21/österreich_mehr_muslime_als_katholiken_an_wiens_hauptschulen/ted-783480 Austria: More Muslims than Catholics at Vienna's main schools], 21/03/2014 (Original in German) </ref> Minister for Foreign Affairs and Integration Sebastian Kurz in 2016 called for the immediate closure of many Islamic kindergartens after discovering an isolation of children from the host culture, and teaching of radical [[Islamist]] ideology in the schools which recieve €30 million ($32 million USD) in state funding annually.<ref>[http://www.thelocal.at/20160229/muslim-preschools-linked-to-islamist-organisations Muslim preschools 'linked to Islamist groups'], ''The Local AT'' Austria's news in English, 29 February 2016. www.thelocal.at </ref>

Austria is in the process of introducing new taxpayer funded textbooks for the teaching of Islam. Previously, the main textbook used in [[public school]]s was authored by Yusuf al-Qaradawi entitled, ''The Lawful and the Prohibited in Islam'', translated into German (''Erlaubtes und Verbotenes im Islam'').<ref>Immediately after the fall of [[Mubarak]] in [[Egypt]] during the "Arab Spring", Qaradawi returned to Egypt for the first time in 30 years to lead Friday prayers in Tahir Square before a crowd estimated at 2 million. Qaradawi has long been recognized as the spiritual leader of the Muslim Brotherhood. After this event Qaradawi issued a ''[[fatwa]]'' calling for the murder of [[Muamar Ghaddafi]]. </ref> Qaradawi teaches that killing of apostates (''[[takfir]]is'') is essential for the survival of Islam,<ref>https://youtu.be/huMu8ihDlVA </ref> shariah law takes precedence over civil law, and Islam will conquer and rule Europe.<ref>https://youtu.be/eDtSqqciar0 </ref> Additionally, Qaradawi teaches women have fewer rights than men, praises Hitler and the [[holocaust]],<ref>https://youtu.be/VcB_DZ4YQYQ </ref> and has offered Friday prayers for the destruction of America. Although his books have been withdrawn from public schools, the textbooks are still widely available in [[Vienna]].

===Freedom Party of Austria===
[[File:Austrian presidential election 2016 round 1.png|thumb|300|Results of the first round of the 2016 Austrian presidential election, where the FPÖ (blue) received its best election result at the time (although it was surpassed in the two runoff elections).]]
:''Main article: [[Freedom Party of Austria]]''
The FPÖ, founded in 1956, started growing dramatically in the 1990s under the leadership of [[Jörg Haider]], becoming the second largest party in the country by 2000. Despite some setbacks, such as a party split in 2005, the party continued to grow.

In the first round of the 2016 Austrian presidential election, FPÖ candidate [[Norbert Hofer]] received 35.1 percent of the vote, which at the time was the party's best result in a national election in history.<ref>Troianovski, Anton (April 25, 2016). [http://www.wsj.com/articles/european-right-gets-boost-from-austrian-freedom-party-victory-1461598555 European Right Gets Boost From Austrian Freedom Party Victory]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved December 17, 2016.</ref> Although Hofer lost the run-off election by less than one percentage point, Austria’s Constitutional Court ordered a re-run of the election due to irregularities in mail-in ballots.<ref>Troianovski, Anton (June 1, 2016). [http://www.wsj.com/articles/austrian-court-orders-rerun-of-presidential-vote-1467369788 Austrian Court Orders Rerun of Presidential Vote]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrievd December 17, 2016.</ref> The election was eventually postponed until December 4, 2016.<ref>Connolly, Kate (September 12, 2016). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/sep/12/austria-presidential-election-rerun-to-be-postponed-faulty-glue-ballot-papers Austrian presidential election postponed due to faulty glue]. ''The Guardian''. Retrieved December 17, 2016.</ref><ref>Tomlinson, Chris (September 13, 2016). [http://www.breitbart.com/london/2016/09/13/fpo-austrian-election-delay-embarrassment/ Freedom Party Calls Austrian Election Delay An ‘Embarrassment’]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved December 17, 2016.</ref> Although Hofer lost the election, being defeated by leftist Green Party candidate [[Alexander Van der Bellen]], the party vowed to fight on.<ref>Oliphant, Roland; Cseko, Balazs (December 4, 2016). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/12/05/time-comes-says-defiant-austrian-far-right-freedom-party-claims/ Austrian far-right defiant as Freedom Party claims 'pole position' for general election: 'Our time comes']. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved December 17, 2016.</ref>

==Hungary==
===Fidesz and Viktor Orbán===
In 2010 '''Fidesz''' (Hungarian Civic Alliance) won a supermajority in Hungary's [[parliament]] and control of all 19 of Hungary's county legislatures. The supermajority was retained in 2014 elections. A supermajority gives the party the power to make changes to Hungary's constitution. Party leader, [[Prime Minister]] Victor Orbán, has been in a very public fight with another Hungarian born son, [[George Soros]], a one percenter who manages money for other one percenters in the world. Soros survived the holocaust in [[Budapest]] by collaborating with [[Adolf Eichmann]] and the [[gestapo]], identifying Jews for [[deportation]] to [[Auschwitz]], after which Soros was allowed to loot their property for food and valuables while the victims were shipped off to gas chambers for extermination.

Soros' Open Society Institute has been in the forefront of promoting [[globalization]], [[multiculturalism]], unrestricted illegal immigration,<ref>[http://www.cnbc.com/2016/09/20/george-soros-to-invest-500-million-in-help-for-refugees-through-his-open-society-foundations.html George Soros to invest $500 million in help for refugees], Nyshka Chandran, [[CNBC]], 20 Sep 2016 </ref> and eliminating national borders. In Soros' dispute with Orbán, Soros has said,
{{quotebox|His plan treats the protection of national borders as the objective and the refugees as an obstacle. Our plan treats the protection of refugees as the objective and national borders as the obstacle.}}
As viewed by some, Muslim refugees are Soros' revenge on Christian Europe.<ref>[https://www.rt.com/op-edge/332387-soros-putin-russia-threat-migrants/ Soros: A psychopath’s psychopath], Sam Gerrans, [[RT]], 13 Feb, 2016 </ref>
===Jobbik===

==Bibliography==

{{cite book |ref=harv |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wP7-a7NC0mkC&dq|title=The radical right in Switzerland: continuity and change, 1945-2000 |first=Damir |last=Skenderovic |year=2009 |publisher=Berghahn Books |isbn=978-1-84545-580-4}}

==See also==
*[[Rape jihad]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:European Politics]]
[[Category:European Countries]]
[[Category:Immigration]]
[[Category:Liberal Denial]]

European migrant crisis

2017-01-21T23:15:56Z

OneNation:

The [[Libyan uprising|Libyan Civil War]] and [[Syrian Civil War]], the legacy of President [[Barack Hussein Obama]] and Secretary of State [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]]'s failed "[[Arab Spring]]" [[foreign policy]]<ref>http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2015/10/middle-east-egypt-us-policy/409537/ </ref> -- with the stated aim of overthrowing corrupt [[secular]] regimes and establishing [[democracies]] by arming anti-democratic [[terrorism|terror groups]] -- as well as disaserous open borders immigration policies of [[Angela Merkel]] resulted in a wave of 6 million refugees, asylum seekers, and migrants pouring into Europe, straining government budgets and challenging their established social and political order.

Due to the leftist and globalist utopian elitist policies of the [[European Union]], virtually unrestricted immigration to Europe has surged. Many immigrants have been unwilling to adapt to European culture and customs and have thus created much social upheaval as they demand that society change to accommodate them. Some refugees have committed major acts of terror, and the vast majority of terrorists in European countries immigrated from Islamic countries.

The EU's unified border patrol (FRONTEX) has been overwhelmed by the number of people attempting to enter. Border violence at entry points is increasing. To prevent organized 'push backs', FRONTEX picks up African boat refugees and brings them to Europe for processing. Even when an illegal migrant is caught and denied entry, the migrant typically will return another day and continue attempting illegal entry until they are successful. In 2016 the border guards caught 1.8 million attempts at illegal entry, six times more than the previous high in 2014.<ref>[https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://frontex.europa.eu/assets/Publications/Risk_Analysis/Annula_Risk_Analysis_2016.pdf&ved=0ahUKEwi6jJXXp7LRAhXEw1QKHRwcD_IQFggaMAA&usg=AFQjCNFF11QKPnBSA2SG8vGNBZvX7Dy-DA&sig2=rDvhuQQvVNmKZhRlhPIRdA Frontex Risk Analysis for 2016] </ref> There has been an organized clampdown in the spheres of [[mainstream news]] reporting, in police reports, and public statements of politicians to deny what many Europeans experience in everyday life. [[Hate speech]] legislation and [[political correctness]] are cited as the cause of [[censorship]], even when material facts are evident.

Despite the problems of unrestricted immigration, liberal elitist leaders have turned a blind eye to the problem and have proposed even more extreme unification policies.<ref>Hallett, Nick (June 29, 2016). [http://www.breitbart.com/london/2016/06/29/european-leaders-release-plan-eu-army-turkish-membership/ Just Days After Brexit, EU Releases Plan For Further Expansion, An EU Army, AND Turkish Membership]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved October 14, 2016.</ref>

==Modern Europe==
===Migrants, asylum seekers, and refugees===
:*A migrant typically is a person who leaves their home country and crosses borders, legally or illegally, in search of economic opportunity or betterment.

:*An asylum seeker is a special class of person who lived under a government the host country considers a human rights violator. The asylum seeker must claim a credible fear of political oppression and persecution from the government of his home country should he be returned. Ironically, the [[United Kingdom]] has been granting political asylum to Syrian [[jihad]]is and members of the [[Muslim Brotherhood]] for decades,<ref>[https://www.crisisgroup.org/middle-east-north-africa/eastern-mediterranean/syria/tentative-jihad-syria-s-fundamentalist-opposition Tentative Jihad: Syria’s Fundamentalist Opposition], International Crisis Group Report 131, October 12, 2012. crisisgroup.org </ref><ref>[https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/499aa06f2.pdf&ved=0ahUKEwjh1pf9g7HRAhVEyFQKHZ2XDYQFggaMAA&usg=AFQjCNE9sMqYJcjtkdd5KLNTAIibcgJkHg&sig2=Z6bj1EZgVhqLy-lifP5rXA SYRIA OGN v 4.0 Issued February 2009]. Home Office, UK Border Agency, Operation Guidance Note. See Section 3.8.8, for instance. </ref> groups that the governments of [[Russia]], [[Egypt]], and others have designated as [[terrorist]] organizations.<ref>[https://southfront.org/the-geopolitics-of-russia-egypt-relations/ THE GEOPOLITICS OF RUSSIA-EGYPT RELATIONS], J.Hawk, Daniel Deiss, Edwin Watson. October 27, 2916. southfront.org </ref>

:*Refugees generally are people forced from their homes due to the violence of war. Typically, as a humanitarian gesture, a host country may ease limitations and allow refugees to enter on either a temporary or permanent basis. Very many of the illegal migrants currently entering Europe are claiming refugee status from the [[Syrian Civil War|Syrian war]], although many come from North and Central Africa, throughout the Middle East region, and as far away as [[Pakistan]] and [[Afghanistan]]. Some 80% of migrants, asylum seekers, and refugees lack documentation of their country of origin.<ref>[http://www.express.co.uk/news/world/678083/Germany-migrant-crisis-80-per-cent-no-documents-passport-registration Migrant crisis: 80% of migrants in Germany have no documents], Rebecca Perring and Monika Pallenberg, ''Daily Express'', June 9, 2016 </ref>

===Points of entry===
There have been primarily four entry points most heavily used by migrants, although other peripheral points exist: (1) [[Morocco]] via [[Spain]]; (2) post-[[Gaddafi]] [[Libya]] to [[Italy]] and neighboring [[Mediterranean]] shores; (3) Western Balkan route through [[Greece]], [[Macedonia]], [[Albania]], [[Kosovo]], [[Serbia]], and [[Hungary]]; (4) Eastern Mediterranean through [[Turkey]]. Handbooks printed in [[Arabic]] have been found to help migrants shopping for the best social [[welfare state]] offerring the most benefits for them and their families needs.<ref>[http://news.sky.com/story/sky-finds-handbook-for-eu-bound-migrants-10346437 Sky Finds 'Handbook' For EU-Bound Migrants], Jonathan Samuels, ''Sky News'', 13 September 2015 </ref><ref>See interview beginning at 11:15. [https://youtu.be/cWSMURYM7bA Special Report: Inside Muslim majority neighborhoods of Malmo, Sweden], ''The Ezra Lavant Show'', 1 March 2016. youtube.com </ref>

===The Schengen Area===
The [[Schengen Area]] has its roots in the [[Schengen Agreement]], signed in 1985 in the town of Schengen in [[Luxembourg]].<ref name="Explained">[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-13194723 Schengen: Controversial EU free movement deal explained]. ''BBC''. April 24, 2016. Retrieved January 10, 2017.</ref> The agreement took effect in 1995.<ref name="Explained"/> The Area is not synonymous with the EU: some EU members are not part of the agreement and some non-EU members are part of the agreement.<ref name="Explained"/> The agreement removes all internal borders in the member states, so someone can travel across its member states with no passport or border security.<ref name="Explained"/> The Schengen Area is basically one country in this sense, even though its member states are nominally independent.<ref>Despite this, the EU and the Schengen Area have massively reduced the sovereignty of its member nations, so they cannot be truly considered independent or sovereign.</ref>

During the refugee crisis in 2015 and 2016, several Schengen Area states re-established border controls.<ref>Holehouse, Matthew; Orange, Richard (January 4, 2016). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/eu/12080906/Schengen-zone-in-danger-warns-Germany-after-Denmark-and-Sweden-introduce-border-controls.html Schengen zone in danger, warns Germany, after Denmark and Sweden introduce border controls]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved January 10, 2017.</ref><ref>Cendrowicz, Leo (January 4, 2016). [http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/the-end-of-schengen-restrictions-by-denmark-and-sweden-are-threatening-europes-passport-free-zone-a6796696.html The end of Schengen? Restrictions by Denmark and Sweden are 'threatening Europe's passport-free zone']. ''The Independent''. Retrieved January 10, 2017.</ref>

=== Europe and illegal immigration ===

As far as [[illegal immigration]] to Europe, ''The American Interest'' website declares:
{{Cquote|Securing Europe’s vast land and sea borders—a task greater than that faced by the United States along its border with Mexico—is proving exceptionally challenging for the European Union (EU)....

Traffickers use small boats to reduce the chances of being picked up by patrol boats’ radars; migrants are often dropped off on stretches of inaccessible coastline, or left to drift ashore. In the case of illegal land crossings, small trucks are used to penetrate the most porous parts of eastern or southern Europe’s borders. Penalties for this are low or non-existent all around Europe, and traffickers are rarely caught anyway. Smuggling people across Europe has become easier and more profitable than anything other criminal activity, including drugs.<ref>[http://www.the-american-interest.com/2014/09/05/europes-immigration-crisis/ Europe’s Immigration Crisis]</ref>}}

===European immigration and desecularization===
Legal and illegal immigration of religious immigrants to European nations is a source of [[desecularization]] (see: [[European atheism and 21st century decline]] and [[Secular Europe]]).

In many irreligious European countries, there is a sub-replacement level of births which is expected to cause challenges to their pension systems and labor supplies (see: [[Atheism and fertility rates]]).
As irreligious populations rise in age, the fertility rates of these countries could drop further. The Rand Corporation indicates, "Nearly all European nations are experiencing long-term downtrends in fertility, and consequently, ageing of their populations. These demographic trends could have potentially damaging consequences for European economies."<ref>[http://www.rand.org/pubs/monographs/MG206.html Low Fertility and Population Ageing], Rand Corporation</ref>

==Germany==
From Reunification in 1990 until 2010 the German population stagnated at 78 million. There remains 11 deaths for every 9 live births. Growth forecasts have been dire.<ref>Jan Lahmeyer, [http://www.populstat.info/Europe/germanyc.htm GERMANY historical demographical data of the whole country], populstat.info </ref> [[Homosexuality]] and [[abortion]] are often cited as the underlying cause of a once strong nation, with a 2000 year history, not replacing itself and now fading into oblivion. But the Germans and German government policy have become thoroughly Americanized, adopting an open border policy in 2005 hoping to reverse the trend of a shrinking population. Germany has become the [[melting pot]] of Europe with 1 in 5 Germans today born elsewhere. Germany is the second target country, behind the [[United States]], of refugees, asylum seekers, and migrants. By far, the majority of immigrants to Germany come from other European countries. [[Kurds]] from [[Turkey]] count for 6 in 10 Muslim immigrants, with a few more coming from [[Kosovo]] and [[Albania]].

The disastrous [[foreign policy]] of [[Obama]] and [[Hillary Clinton]],<ref>[http://moderndiplomacy.eu/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=1416:the-libyan-failure-obama-and-clinton-s-forgotten-war&Itemid=139 The Libyan Failure: Obama and Clinton’s Forgotten War], Luis Durani, ''Modern Diplomacy'', May 13, 2016 </ref><ref>[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jeffrey-sachs/hillary-clinton-and-the-s_b_9231190.html Hillary Clinton and the Syrian Bloodbath], Jeffrey Sachs, ''Huffington Post'', Feb 15, 2016 </ref> fomenting strife and revolution in the Syrian and [[Libyan War]]s,<ref>[https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/wr2013_web.pdf&ved=0ahUKEwi4hbqN4rDRAhVIhlQKHZrbAhwQFgiCATAQ&usg=AFQjCNFF5AZwK7MO-fqSMIjdrDPXnZvlAA&sig2=2EFSlYfrCcdtd3wzFxw9yQ Human Rights Watch World Report 2013], pp. 580-587; 609-617. www.hrw.org </ref> has impacted German immigration in numbers more than any other European power since late 2014.<ref>[http://cco.ndu.edu/News/Article/835159/the-disintegration-of-european-security-lessons-from-the-refugee-crisis/ The Disintegration of European Security: Lessons from the Refugee Crisis], By Fabrizio Tassinari, Center for Complex Operations PRISM Volume 6, Number 2, July 18, 2016 </ref> More than 2.5 million refugees and migrants have flooded into Germany from outside Europe, migrants who do not share a common European heritage with their host country. In 2015 alone, Germany was invaded by nearly 1 million non-Western immigrants,<ref>[http://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2016/10/europe-immigration-muslim-refugees-portraits/ The New Europeans], Robert Kunzig, ''National Geographic'', October 2016 </ref> more than double the size of Germany's standing and reserve military force.

Some migrants from Islamic Republics have embraced Western [[secularism]] and the Western idea of a [[secular]] civil government and legal system; these migrants however, tend to be few,<ref>A study by the Univerity of Munster found that more than half of Turkish immigrants put Islam above German law. [http://www.dw.com/en/study-large-number-of-turks-in-germany-put-islam-above-the-law/a-19336757 Study: Large number of Turks in Germany put Islam above the law], Daniel Pelz, ''Deutsche Welle'', 16 June 2016 </ref> as it is unlawful for a Muslim to recognize any legal authority other than [[Allah]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=tk8IZ8MM9QsC&pg=PA81&lpg=PA81&dq=he+at+once+excludes+all+other+authority+except+that+God+sovereign&source=bl&ots=kkx0QPA4dU&sig=-b_ok1msaavsAA-gO826_CTW7uM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjCn5vQoa_RAhVKq1QKHc3cCVMQ6AEIIDAD#v=onepage&q=he%20at%20once%20excludes%20all%20other%20authority%20except%20that%20God%20sovereign&f=false Islamic Government], A.H. Qasmi, Gyan Publishing House, Jan 1, 2008, p. 81 </ref> To do so, under the laws of Islam, is a serious crime and is punishable by death.<ref>[http://www.loc.gov/law/help/apostasy/#summary Laws Criminalizing Apostasy]. Hanibal Goitom, Library of Congress Global Legal Research Center, MY 2024 </ref>

In recent decades [[Salafism]] has become the dominant mainstream thought among the [[Sunni]] Muslims of the [[Middle East]] and [[North Africa]].<ref>[https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://www.icanpeacework.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Women-Religious-Extremism.pdf&ved=0ahUKEwjKucW3grPRAhVN2WMKHazSAVgQFghgMA4&usg=AFQjCNEnVHXBmLSE6TuP32LaKC5X3HdXPw&sig2=jejyvnsVXWGKVLM0h5noFQ Extremism as Mainstream: Implications for Women, Development & Security in the MENA/Asia Region], Brief 11, Spring 2014. International Civil Society Action Network. icanpeacework.org </ref> These regions, along with Central Africa, are the countries of origin of most of the Muslims who have entered Europe and Germany since the [[Obama administration]]'s failed "[[Arab Spring]]" uprisings which have left in excess of 300,000 dead and at least 11 million homeless and displaced globally.<ref>[https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/campaigns/2016/01/arab-spring-five-years-on/ THE 'ARAB SPRING': FIVE YEARS ON]. [[Amnesty International]]. amnesty.org </ref><ref>[http://www.carnegiecouncil.org/en_US/studio/multimedia/20160322/index.html/_view/lang=en_US Blood Year: The Unraveling of Western Counterterrorism], DAVID KILCULLEN, DAVID SHIPLEY, JOANNE J. MYERS, Carnegie Council Global Ethics Forum, MARCH 22, 2016 </ref><ref>[http://www.onlinecolumnist.com/2016/11/29/obamas-failed-syrian-policy/ OBAMA’S FAILED SYRIAN POLICY], BY JOHN M. CURTIS, NOVEMBER 29, 2016. onlinecolmnist.com </ref><ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/26/magazine/is-this-the-end-of-christianity-in-the-middle-east.html Is this the End of Christianity in the Middle East?], Eliza Griswold, ''[[New York Times]]'', 22 July 2015 </ref><ref>[http://www.newsweek.com/middle-east-saudi-arabia-iran-nimr-execution-cleric-obama-king-salman-tehran-413680 THE LOSER OF THE COLD WAR BETWEEN IRAN AND SAUDI ARABIA MAY BE OBAMA], BY JONATHAN BRODER, ''[[Newsweek]]'', 1/11/16 </ref><ref>[https://socialistworker.org/2016/06/07/the-untold-toll-of-obamas-war-on-isis The untold toll of Obama's war on ISIS], Ashley Smith, June 7, 2016. socialistworker.org </ref><ref>While these horrors unfolded for five years by either design or incompetence, most American mainstream journalists cowered in sycophancy before Barack Obama for fear of being called [[racist]].</ref> Salafism rejects [[democracy]] as disobedient to Allah and [[idolatry|idolatrous]], and advocates a civil regime under [[shariah]] law.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=MLE68zW_7LUC&pg=PA170&lpg=PA170&dq=al+wala+wal+bara+democracy&source=bl&ots=aZTtjWVHiV&sig=-XSHBkJqJ3BiaTKzRc4UgvMO_nk&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjd-965irPRAhXqiFQKHVo_CKAQ6AEISzAM#v=onepage&q=al%20wala%20wal%20bara%20democracy&f=false Fault Lines in Global Jihad: Organizational, Strategic, and Ideological Fissures], Assaf Moghadam & Brian Fishman, Taylor & Francis, May 10, 2011, pp. 170-171 </ref> A Muslim who migrates for [[economic]] opportunity or to escape [[tyranny]] (in the Western sense of the word) is a [[traitor]] to Islam. He is deemed a radical and worse than an [[infidel]] to Sunni-Salafi society; he has betrayed his nation and his people. Those bringing ''shariah'' law to non-Muslim lands - the dominant mainstream legal system among Sunnis - are on a "civilizing" mission to the "ignorant" (''jahiliyyah'') disbelieving infidels.<ref>[http://www.freedomhouse.org/report/special-reports/saudi-publications-hate-ideology-invade-american-mosques Saudi Publications on Hate Ideology] January 2006</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=5QE3AgAAQBAJ&pg=PT15&lpg=PT15&dq=qaradawi+austrian+text&source=bl&ots=CQddhGpFZ_&sig=XGcgu4Qo5_QlpzQUNIjcsQWYJOY&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiondPvxb7RAhXGslQKHc2BA_YQ6AEIQDAO#v=onepage&q=qaradawi%20austrian%20text&f=false Islamism and the West: From "Cultural Attack" to "Missionary Migrant"], Uriya Shavit, Routledge, Nov 26, 2013 </ref>

Once a devout Muslim finds a secure area to pray 5 times daily (the Second Pilar of Islam), that area encompassing a few cubic feet becomes part of the sacred realm of Islam (which does not recognize [[Nation state|national borders]]), under the law and teachings of Islam.<ref>The place of prayer is extremely important; prayers performed on usurped property are void, [https://www.al-islam.org/islamic-laws-ayatullah-ali-al-husayni-al-sistani/rules-salat-part-ii-iii] and there is no prohibition on the usurpation of property from infidels (Surahs 8:69 & 33:21-27 for examples). The place of prayer must also be clean, i.e., free of the uncleanness of infidels. In November 2016 Abdul Artan drove his car into pedestrian traffic at the University of Ohio-Columbus and began slashing 10 people with a butcher knife. Artan was upset because he could not find an unsullied place to have his prayers accepted by Allah, which was his religious duty 5 times daily. The mainstream media misreported Artan as being in fear of [[Islamophobia]]. [https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/29/us/ohio-state-university-abdul-artan-islamic-state.html?_r=0] </ref> It becomes territory held by "legal authority", to be defended against retaking by infidels.

===Alternative for Germany===
:''Main article: [[Alternative for Germany]]''
The Alternative for Germany (AfD), was founded in 2013 by economics professor Bernd Lucke.<ref name="Germany'sFarage">Zeronian, Sarkis (July 5, 2016). [http://www.breitbart.com/london/2015/07/05/germanys-farage-becomes-leader-of-eurosceptic-alternative-for-germany-party/ ‘Germany’s Farage’ Becomes Leader Of Eurosceptic Alternative For Germany Party]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved December 31, 2016.</ref> Although the party was relatively conservative and Eurosceptic (it mainly opposed the Eurozone<ref name="BBC"/>), it was a neo-liberal party that attracted middle class opponents of the [[Eurozone]].<ref name="Germany'sFarage"/> The party made several gains during this time, with seven AfD members being elected to the [[European Parliament]] in 2014.<ref name="BBC">[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-37274201 What does Alternative for Germany (AfD) want?]. ''BBC''. September 5, 2016. Retrieved December 31, 2016.</ref>

A power struggle within the party soon broke out, with Lucke, who wanted the party to focus on an anti-Euro policy, being opposed by Frauke Petry and her conservative, right-wing faction that emphasized law and order, immigration reductions, conservative social views, and [[Islam]].<ref name="Germany'sFarage"/> In the AfD party elections of July 2015, Petry won 68 percent of the vote, becoming the new leader of the party.<ref name="Germany'sFarage"/> The liberal Lucke subsequently left the party and formed his own.<ref name="BBC"/> Additionally, five of the party's seven MEP's left the party.<ref name="BBC"/> The AfD quickly adopted Petry's conservative, right-wing populist agenda, even though it still supported holding a referendum over the Eurozone.<ref name="BBC"/><ref name="Telegraph">Huggler, Justin (September 4, 2016). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/09/04/germanys-far-right-afd-unseats-angela-merkels-party-in-key-regio/ Germany's far-right AfD hands defeat to Angela Merkel's party in key regional vote]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved December 31, 2016.</ref>

Under Petry's leadership, the AfD continued to grow dramatically, winning numerous seats in state parliaments.<ref name="Telegraph"/><ref name="DW">[http://www.dw.com/en/what-is-the-alternative-for-germany/a-19527050 What is the Alternative for Germany?]. ''DW''. September 5, 2016. Retrieved December 31, 2016.</ref><ref name="Wa.T.">Moulson, Geir (September 4, 2016). [http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/sep/4/alternative-germany-party-wins-state-election/ Anger over Merkel’s Syria refugee policy drives win for Alternative for Germany party]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 31, 2016.</ref> The AfD formed an alliance with the [[Freedom Party of Austria]] in 2016 due to their shared Eurosceptic views.<ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36504307 Nationalist Austria-Germany summit held on Zugspitze summit]. ''BBC''. June 10, 2016. Retrieved December 31, 2016.</ref> Immigration is a very large issue in the party.

While the AfD was unable to gain any seats in the German national parliament in the 2013 election, it is in a strong position for the 2017 elections.

==France==
===National Front===
:''Main articles: [[French National Front]] and [[Marine Le Pen]]''
The French National Front, which although sharing characteristics with conservative parties is not a real conservative party, nonetheless strongly opposes membership in the socialist and globalist EU.

In recent years, the party has seen much success. One of its more notable victories was its exceptional performance in the 2014 [[European Parliament]] elections, where it became the largest party in the parliament that represented France.<ref>John, Mark; Abboud, Leila (May 25, 2014). [http://www.reuters.com/article/us-eu-election-france-idUSBREA4O0CP20140525 Far-right National Front stuns French elite with EU 'earthquake']. ''Reuters''. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref><ref>Meichtry, Stacy (May 26, 2014). [http://www.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304587704579585501067038362 France Shaken by National Front 'Earthquake']. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref>

National Front leader [[Marine Le Pen]] is currently the frontrunner for the 2017 French presidential election.

==United Kingdom==
:''For more information on how the EU is affecting Britain, see [[Examples of EU regulations on Britain]]''
Immigration to the [[United Kingdom]] rose to 333,000 in 2015, which was the second highest recorded number in history.<ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-eu-referendum-36382199 Net migration to UK rises to 333,000 - second highest on record]. ''BBC''. May 26, 2016. Retrieved January 7, 2017.</ref> According to 2014 data, over half of all immigrants came from outside the EU.<ref>Doughty, Steve (February 26, 2015). [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2970032/Humiliation-Cameron-net-migration-hits-298-000-despite-promise-cut-tens-thousands.html 300,000! That was the overall number of migrants last year - and 190,000 were from OUTSIDE the EU. So much for the PM's target of tens of thousands]. ''Daily Mail''. Retrieved January 7, 2017.</ref>

UK Prime Minister [[David Cameron]], who, despite being a member of the [[Conservative Party]], holds several leftist positions, pledged to reduce immigration to under 100,000 annually. Despite this pledge, immigration soared during his tenure to even higher levels than when he first took office.<ref>Whitehead, Tom (February 26, 2015). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/immigration/11436403/David-Cameron-immigration-pledge-in-tatters-as-net-immigration-stands-at-298000.html David Cameron immigration pledge in tatters as net immigration stands at 298,000]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved January 7, 2017.</ref>

Immigration played a very influential role in the successful [[Brexit]] referendum on June 23, 2016,<ref>Bennett, Asa (June 29, 2016). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/06/29/did-britain-really-vote-brexit-to-cut-immigration/ Did Britain really vote Brexit to cut immigration?]. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved January 7, 2017.</ref><ref>Siegel, Josh (June 23, 2016). [http://dailysignal.com/2016/06/23/how-immigration-fueled-the-brexit-result/ How Immigration Fueled the Brexit Result]. ''The Daily Signal''. Retrieved January 7, 2017.</ref> along with other very important and related factors such as sovereignty and backlash against the leftist [[establishment]] elites who support large levels of immigration.<ref>Friedman, George; Mauldin, John (July 5, 2016). [http://www.forbes.com/sites/johnmauldin/2016/07/05/3-reasons-brits-voted-for-brexit/#6f7d841d78c1 3 Reasons Brits Voted For Brexit]. ''Forbes''. Retrieved January 7, 2017.</ref>

===UK Independence Party===
:''Main articles: [[United Kingdom Independence Party]], [[Nigel Farage]], and [[Brexit]]''
The United Kingdom Independence Party, founded in 1993, supports [[Brexit|leaving the EU]] as its main goal. However, the party and its former leader Nigel Farage, also are strong opponents of mass migration.<ref>Edmunds, Donna Rachel (January 21, 2016). [http://www.breitbart.com/london/2016/01/21/the-ukip-trump-gerard-batten-mep-calls-for-end-to-muslim-mass-immigration-to-britain/ Britain’s Trump? UKIP MEP Calls for End to Muslim Mass Immigration To Britain]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref>

The party has performed very well in recent elections for a third party. In the 2014 [[European Parliament]] elections, UKIP, like Eurosceptic parties across Europe, won a massive victory, becoming the largest UK party in the European Parliament and receiving more seats than the two main parties.<ref>Hallett, Nick (May 25, 2014). [http://www.breitbart.com/london/2014/05/25/earthquake-in-uk-politics/ Earthquake: UK Independence Party Makes History with EU Election Victory]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref><ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-27567744 Farage: UKIP has 'momentum' and is targeting more victories]. ''BBC''. May 26, 2014. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref><ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/events/vote2014/eu-uk-results UK European election results - Vote 2014]. ''BBC''. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref>

Former UKIP leader Nigel Farage is arguably the most successful British politician of the modern age for successfully advocating and then winning a referendum for leaving the EU.<ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2016/06/24/buzzfeed-nigel-farage-britains-successful-politician-generation/ BuzzFeed: Nigel Farage ‘Britain’s Most Successful Politician in a Generation’]. ''Breitbart''. June 24, 2016. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref>

==Netherlands==
Dutch Moroccans have been migrating to the Netherlands since the 1960s and have effectively taken over the [[illegal drug]] and human trafficing business.<ref>[http://www.ad.nl/binnenland/marokkanen-vormen-nieuwe-generatie-topcriminelen~a69ee61f/ Moroccans form new generation of top criminals], AD, 18 February 2016. (Original in Dutch). www.ad.nl </ref> While it is important to note most Dutch Moroccans have integrated seemlessly into society and are respected economic contributors, the recent influx of non-European migrants have increased pressures among the public and politicians to do something about the [[criminal]] enterprizes operating in their midst.

The Moroccan street thugs are known for their anti-black and anti-Semitic racism.<ref>[http://www.parool.nl/parool/nl/224/BINNENLAND/article/detail/3251206/2012/05/05/Baby-na-straatruzie-overleden.dhtml Baby Dies After Street Brawl], ''Het Parool'', 5 May 2012. (Original in Dutch). www.parool.nl </ref><ref>[http://www.eo.nl/magazines/visie/artikel-detail/antisemitisme-is-nog-nooit-zo-hard-geweest/ Anti-Semitism has never been so hard], Dutch Public Broadcasting. www.eo.nl </ref> Moroccan street gangbangers have also been known to stalk, harass, or assault non-Muslim girls caught alone in public areas.<ref>https://youtu.be/oH8-Wjx4bXk </ref> According to the Netherlands Institute for Social Research, a government agency which conducts research into social aspects of government policy, 65% of all Moroccan male youths between 12-23 years of age have been detained by [[police]] at least once, one third of this group has been detained five or more times, and Moroccan criminals are convicted four times more than Dutch suspects.<ref>The Netherlands Institute for Social Research has since relocated and hidden its findings on its webserver since the high profile trial of Geert Wilders citing these facts.</ref> Because a disproportionate share of Moroccan youth feel alienated from Dutch society and turn to crime, local [[imam]]s suggest young people must be caught early and turned to the Islamic faith.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20150221205747/http://www.gelderlander.nl/algemeen/binnenland/vandaag-imam-tijd-voor-debat-over-opvoeding-1.4296144 Today: Imam 'time for debate on education'], ''Die Gelderlander'', 2 Aprl 2014. (Original in Dutch). www.gelderlander.nl </ref> Such is the nature of the debate raging today about immigration and integration of migrants in the Netherlands.

As in Sweden, the ruling faction has taken to violating basic human rights and guarantees of free speech for [[Members of Parliament]] and their constituents and the misapplication of hate speech laws for persons who advocate immigration reform.<ref>[http://www.nationalreview.com/article/395269/new-european-assault-free-speech-ian-tuttle A New European Assault on Free Speech], by IAN TUTTLE, ''[[National Review]]'', December 23, 2014 </ref>

===Party for Freedom===
:''Main articles: [[Party for Freedom]] and [[Geert Wilders]]''
The Party for Freedom (''Partij voor de Vrijheid'' or PVV) is a conservative political party. It currently occupies 15 seats in the Lower House (''Tweede Kamer'') of the [[Netherlands|Dutch]] Parliament.

The leader of the PVV is [[Geert Wilders]]. The other members are Fleur Agema, Raymond de Roon, Hero Brinkman, Martin Bosma, Barry Madlener, Teun van Dijck, Sietse Fritsma, Dion Graus<ref>http://www.pvv.nl/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogcategory&id=15&Itemid=5 PVV Fractie</ref>

The party aims to stop immigration, lower taxes, create stricter laws against criminals and terrorists and create basic laws for animal rights.<ref>http://www.pvv.nl/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=788&Itemid=139 PVV Visie</ref>

Because of his outspoken views on radical Islam, PVV leader Wilders is under 24-7 police protection:
* In November 2004, "a Muslim fanatic murdered Dutch filmmaker Theo van Gogh for making a movie about the abuse of women under Islam".<ref>[http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2012/may/4/resisting-threat-of-fanatical-islam/ Resisting threat of fanatical Islam: West must not surrender permanent liberty for temporary tolerance] - [[Geert Wilders]], ''The Washington Times''</ref>

==Belgium==
===Vlaams Belang===
:''Main article: [[Vlaams Belang]]''
Vlaams Belang (English: ''Flemish Interest'') is a [[conservative]] Flemish nationalist political party in [[Flanders]] and [[Brussels]] ([[Belgium]]). The party also aims to stop immigration and create stricter laws against criminals and terrorists. Tom Van Grieken is since 2014 the leader (president) of Vlaams Belang.

==Sweden==
===Social innovation of the ecosystem===
As comical, conspiratorial, and insane as it seems, Sweden's elite rulers have made the decision, and taken concrete steps as the model social democratic state, to reduce the nation's [[carbon footprint]] by turning their country into a [[Third World]] hellhole. The technical term for this project is "social ecological transformation", which is part of the anti-consumption "degrowth" movement to promote "sustainability" and limit "resource depletion". Swedish leaders and experts have been in a panic since the World Wildlife Fund issued a report claiming that since 1987, at the current rate of consumption, 1.3 planets would be necessary for sustainability, and recommended Sweden adopt an immediate 3% annual reduction in carbon emissions. In 2008 the World Wildlife Fund experts reported we would need 2.0 planets to sustain lifestyles if everyone lived as Swedes do. A "one planet economy" is the goal. The projections are based on a [[zero sum]] paradigm with no allowance for future unknown inventions, technological improvement, or innovation in economic and energy efficiency.

===Population replacement===
The [[United Nations]] has advocated a scheme known as "replacement migration" or "population replacement" as a theoretical means to avoid declining government revenues for member states with aging and shrinking populations, and consequent budget cuts. Statistical variations in employment and unemployment rates can also be manipulated.<ref>[http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/migration/migration.htm Replacement Migration: Is It a Solution to Declining and Ageing Populations?], Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division </ref> When the dominant population is educated under shariah law (projected in 2045) and "overshoots" in consumption and the "ecological debt" are reigned in, these concerns become moot, except for the problem of an educated workforce maintaining sustainable government revenues and social welfare programs.

Prior to 2015, Sweden refered to itself as the world's 'humanitarian [[superpower]]'. With the migrant wave [[public school]]s have been burnt down.<ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/10276738 Immigrant youths riot in Sweden, burning down school], [[BBC]], 9 June 2010 </ref> Refugee volunteer workers have been [[rape]]d and [[murder]]ed.<ref>[http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/migrant-crisis-young-female-refugee-centre-worker-stabbed-death-by-migrant-sweden-1540020 Migrant crisis: Young female refugee centre worker stabbed to death by migrant in Sweden], Mark Piggott By Mark Piggott, International Business Times, January 25, 2016 </ref><ref>[http://www.wnd.com/2016/05/woman-welcomes-muslim-refugee-into-home-gets-raped/ WOMAN WELCOMES MUSLIM 'REFUGEE' INTO HOME, GETS RAPED], Leo Hohmann, ''[[World Net Daily]]'', 05/31/2016 </ref> Police have been unable to enter refugee centers to assist children who have been raped by refugees.<ref>[https://www.jihadwatch.org/2016/01/sweden-muslim-migrants-force-police-to-flee-refugee-center Sweden: Muslim migrants force police to flee refugee center], [[Robert Spencer]], Jihad Watch, JANUARY 26, 201u6 </ref> Citizens have torched refugee centers, angered at the lawlessness of both migrants and the government, and the government's unconcern for the safety of Swedes. Members of Parliament who cite statistics on the immigrant crime wave have been prosecuted and convicted for [[hate speech]] - even when their statistics are strictly factual.<ref>[http://conservative-headlines.com/2014/05/swedish-politician-convicted-of-a-crime-for-posting-statistics-about-rape-on-facebook/ Swedish politician convicted of a crime for posting statistics about rape on Facebook]. conservative-headlines.com </ref> In late 2014 the Swedish Parliament passed a law [[censoring]] any criticism of the government's immigration policy, including internet speech, or the politicians who voted for it, as "[[hate speech]]".<ref>[http://investmentwatchblog.com/sweden-passes-law-to-criminalize-any-criticism-of-immigration/ Sweden Passes A New Law to Criminalize Any Criticism of Immigration Or Politician’s Unwillingness To Tackle The Issue], ''Ivestment Watch'', DECEMBER 8, 2014. investmentwatchblog.com </ref> Mainstream media outlets cannot report on crimes committed by immigrants, and the [[police]] cannot write down a description of an offender in a police report. The police have participated in horrendous cover ups. At an anti-racist rock concert Swedish girls were raped by migrants and the police and media colluded to keep the facts from the public.<ref>[http://www.spectator.co.uk/2016/01/its-not-only-germany-that-covers-up-mass-sex-attacks-by-migrant-men-swedens-record-is-shameful/ Sweden’s record is shameful Stockholm police were warned not to give descriptions of the perpetrators lest they were accused of being racist], Ivar Arpi, ''The Spectator'', 16 January 2016. www.spectator.co.uk </ref> Reporters and cameramen for the [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]'s ''60 Minutes'' were beat up, stoned, and run over (never reported by the American ''60 Minutes'') while attempting to do a report from an Islamic [[ghetto]].<ref>https://youtu.be/l-pG4oiih3A </ref> Even [[Pope Francis]], whose been very liberal on the subject of Muslim immigration, moderated his stance after visiting the Muslim enclave of Malmo.<ref>[https://cruxnow.com/commentary/2016/11/04/sweden-pope-francis-becomes-immigration-realist/ After Sweden, Pope Francis becomes an immigration ‘realist’],
Thomas D. Williams, ''The Crux'', November 4, 2016. cruxnow.com </ref> American media outlets have turned a blind eye to the disintegration of what was once considered the most generous nation on earth.<ref>[http://foreignpolicy.com/2016/02/10/the-death-of-the-most-generous-nation-on-earth-sweden-syria-refugee-europe/ The Death of the Most Generous Nation on Earth], BY JAMES TRAUB, ''Foreign Policy'', FEBRUARY 10, 2016 </ref>

Tiny Sweden, roughly smaller in population than [[North Carolina]], has taken on more migrants ''per capita'' than any EU member.<ref>[https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://dspace.mah.se/handle/2043/18345&ved=0ahUKEwik69K-9MrRAhUBV2MKHWFbA34QFggkMAI&usg=AFQjCNF9pGU56iFzioB6PAB06nApP00vcg&sig2=OtNteBonRyrsOQhQTV_M1g An Ecosystem for Social Innovation in Sweden], F. Bjork, ''et al'', Eds., Lund University, November 2014 </ref> Swedes today speak of what was their country as a lessen for the world about unchecked, unregulated immigration,<ref>[https://youtu.be/vZ-nw0ijTpQ Sweden has died. Do not allow your country to be next...], 16 June 2016. youtube.com </ref> open borders, and [[political correctness]].<ref>https://youtu.be/ykbJOXxyGho </ref> Rape has skyrocketed 1500%,<ref>[http://www.israelvideonetwork.com/video-swedens-migrant-rape-epidemic/ Sweden’s Migrant Rape Epidemic Revealed]. www.israelvideonetwork.com </ref> with 77% of the crimes committed by 2% of its 'foreign' minority,<ref>[https://muslimstatistics.wordpress.com/2015/03/19/sweden-77-6-percent-of-all-rapes-in-the-country-committed-by-muslim-males-making-up-2-percent-of-population/comment-page-2/ Sweden: est 77% of rapes committed by 2% Muslim male population – Crime statistics], March 19, 2015. Google translate from Affes.wordpress.com. muslimstatistics.wordpress.com </ref> a fact which cannot be reported or openly discussed because of [[hate crime]] legislation.<ref>[http://conservative-headlines.com/2011/02/immigration-turns-sweden-into-rape-capitol-of-europe/ Immigration turns Sweden into rape capitol of Europe.]. conservative-headlines.com </ref> Nowhere is the dysfunctionalism of the [[left]] more apparent than among so-called 'Women's Rights' groups and activists. They have been silent on the rape crisis, pretending [[gay rights]] and 'the glass ceiling' are still the vital issues of concern to most women and girls, and continue advocating for the imporation of more people who want take away women's rights. In small villages of 400 where people never locked their doors, the government places another 400 non-European migrants side by side with natives. As in Germany and larger cities elsewhere, women and girls are fearful of going out at night or being unescorted in daylight.

The imported rape culture has permanently transformed Sweden's leftist [[utopia]]. Migrants, for the most part, have no interest in integrating into Swedish society. They are there for one reason: to exploit the welfare state benefits now, and replace the aging population, who have an unsustainable birthrate, later. The homogeneous liberal utopia of Sweden is now dead,<ref>By 2030, Sweden is projected to have an HDI, or Human Development Index below [[Mexico]], Libya, and [[Bulgaria]]. The HDI takes in the “capabilities” of a country intended to reflect the health, [[education]], and income of a country’s population. [http://ww.rrojasdatabank.info/HDRP_2010_40.pdf A Hypothetical Cohort Model of Human Development], Jana Asher and Beth Osborne Daponte, United Nations Development Programme Human Development Reports, September 2010, Table 10. What goes unnoticed by many is, this is a policy by design. It is a course governing coalitions over many years have set Sweden on, theoretically, to reduce Sweden's [[carbon footprint]].</ref> and population scientists say the decline of the Swedish population and high birthrates among migrants are irreversible. All these facts are known to Swedes and migrants, of all ages, alike. The government of Sweden has offered returning [[ISIS]] fighters housing and driver licenses, Swedish courts have ruled flying the Islamic State flag is legal, and the [[Caliph]] has already ordered [[Christian]]s living in Sweden to convert or face beheading.

Neighboring Norway has closed its border with Sweden.

===Social Democrats===
The '''Social Democrats''' head up Swedens current governing coalition and have shown themselves out of step with the growing concern over immigration reform, are hostile to basic [[human rights]] such as [[free speech]], and [[tolerance|intolerant]] of criticism.

===Moderaterna and Christian Democrats===
'''Moderaterna''' (Moderates) is the center-right party that headed the coalition government along with '''Christisn Democrats''' that are blamed by many Swedes for exacerbating Sweden's immigration crisis. Moderaterna was tossed out of the leadership role in the 2014 elections.

Sweden alone among European and Western powers never had a native [[fascist]] movement or party. The fear of being labeled racist runs very deep among whatever political persuasion one is affiliated with, and because of its neutral stance during [[World War II]], Swedes still feel a collective sense of guilt that they as a nation didn't do enough to oppose [[Hitler]], and have been compensating for it through humanitarianism ever since.

The "mainstream" conservatives in Sweden consist of a [[business]] class and evangelical charismatic Christians. These are the two groups which have traditionally been the strongest proponents of open borders, the business class using cheap foreign laborers as union busters, and the Christians as a show of compassion. From 2006 until 2014 the center-right Moderaterna party led a governing coalition with the '''Christian Democrats''' which welcomed throngs of migrants. It is the relative conservatives (conservative by leftist European standards) who are blamed for allowing large numbers in.<ref>[http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/427465/sweden-and-belgium-silencing-and-denial Sweden and Belgium: Silencing and Denial], ANDREW STUTTAFORD, ''[[National Review]]'', November 21, 2015 </ref>

===Sweden Democrats===
The Sweden Democrats are considered a [[nationalist]] party founded in 1988. The party has gained populist sentiment in recent years in a country that has traditionally been suspicious of nationalist sentiment. In 2015, the party cut ties with its youth organization, Young Sweden Democrats, who were impatient of the slow pace of reform and for alleged [[skinhead]] associations.

==Norway==
===Progress Party===

==Finland==
===Centre Party===
===Finns Party===

==Denmark==
[[Denmark]], which processed 7,000 asylum seekers in 2013, 14,000 in 2014, and 21,000 in 2015, has taken steps to dissuade migrants from showing up. Situated between two of the migrants most popular destinations, Germany and Sweden, Denmark started efforts to stem the flow in 2016. When dozens of migrants began arriving with child brides as low as 14 years old to enjoy Denmark's social welfare benefits, Danes began saying enough was enough. One man had 3 wives and 20 children.

The first step to get the message out was seizing any property over $1400 in value to offset government costs. Then the monthly stipend was cut 45% because of the overwhelming number of people arriving. Citizens who drove migrants accross the country between Germany and Sweden were fined. The government took out ads in Arabic language newspapers apprising visitors of the new [[regulation]]s. Finally, [[pork]] became a mainstay on the menu in public schools.

Slamming the door on migrants seems out of character for a nation noted for empathy toward people unwelcome elsewhere.<ref>For example, when the Nazis imposed a regulation requiring Jews to identify themselves in public by wearing the [[Star of David]], the following day the King appeared in public wearing the Star of David, inspiring multitudes to don the Star and assist hiding Jews by confusing the [[gestapo]].</ref> Danes like the society they've built and inherited, and hard-headed pragmatism causes them to step back from the self-destruction their neighbors are intent on. Denmark maybe next to follow Brexit.
===Danish Peoples Party===

==Switzerland==
Switzerland has one of the largest immigrant populations in Europe. As of about 2014, 27.7% of the Swiss population was born in another country, the second highest in Europe.<ref name="Highest">[http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/migration-outlook_switzerland-has-highest-number-of-immigrants/41145410 Switzerland has highest number of immigrants]. ''Swissinfo''. December 1, 2014. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref> Additionally, for the year 2012, 1.6% of the Swiss population were foreigners who decided to permanently settle in Switzerland in that year alone, the highest of any European Country.<ref name="Highest"/> Additionally, in the year 2013, over 35% of adults in Switzerland were either first of second generation immigrants.<ref name="Swell">[http://www.thelocal.ch/20150122/immigrants-rise-to-more-thank-third-of Immigrants swell to third of Swiss population]. ''The Local''. January 22, 2015.</ref> 2.4 million of the 6.8 million adults in Switzerland were in this group, up from 1.7 million just 10 years prior.<ref name="Swell"/> Fortunately for non-immigrants, Switzerland has strict citizenship laws, so relatively few immigrants and their distant descendants can become citizens (if they are not related to a non-immigrant, they must prove that they are well-integrated into Swiss society and can only apply after 10 years in the country).<ref name="Swell"/>

Residents of Switzerland can see the changes due to immigration. Even in rural, conservative areas, it is becoming more and more common to see people who clearly are not Swiss. Actually, one could actually consider Switzerland's reaction to the massive immigration problem to be very mild, as other countries with even less immigration to the country are reacting just as strongly.

Although the Swiss people have supported several referendums restricting immigration standards, the Swiss government watered down the implementation of those referendums to appease the European Union and their own globalist and "humanitarian" interests.<ref>Raaflaub, Christian (January 6, 2016). [http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/-initiative_literal-implementation-causes-controversy/41863564 Deportation initiative back before voters]. ''Swissinfo''. Retrieved December 17, 2016.</ref><ref>[http://www.thelocal.ch/20161216/svp-bern-capitulates-with-final-immigration-vote It's official: Switzerland defies referendum and won't impose EU immigration controls]. ''The Local''. December 16, 2016. Retrieved December 17, 2016.</ref>

===Swiss People's Party===
[[File:National Council of Switzerland 2015 election winner by canton.svg.png|thumb|300px|Results of the 2015 Swiss federal election in October 2015. Each canton is shaded according to the party that won the most votes for the National Council (lower house). The SVP is shaded in dark green, and it won the largest popular victory for a Swiss political party in at least a century.<ref name="SlideToRight"/>]]
:''Main article: [[Swiss People's Party]]''
Unlike most other European right-wing parties, the Swiss People's Party has been well established for decades, and it became the largest party in Switzerland during the 1990s, long before other European countries.

The SVP and its predecessors had "showed remarkable stability" in "electoral support" until the 1990s.<ref>Skenderovic, pp. 127.</ref> However, the SVP grew dramatically in size, becoming the largest party by 1999 with 22.5 percent of the vote.<ref>[http://www.politik-stat.ch/nrw1999CH_de.html 1999 federal election results]. ''politik-stat.ch''. Retrieved October 12, 2016.</ref> This growth directly coincided with the victory of the conservative, right-wing faction of the party—led by businessman [[Christoph Blocher]]—over the moderate establishment faction.<ref>Skenderovic, pp. 129, 132-135, 141.</ref>

Arguably the most important action of the SVP was its successful opposition of Swiss entry into the European Economic Area (EEA) in 1992. As a strong conservative, Blocher strongly opposed Swiss integration with, and thus a loss of sovereignty to, outside powers, and he was able to convince the national party to adopt his position.<ref name="pp.135">Skenderovic, pp. 135.</ref> The SVP was one of only two major parties to oppose membership, the other being the [[leftist]] Greens.<ref name="Trampusch">Trampusch, Christine and André Mach (2011). [https://books.google.com/books?id=5nOrAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT63&lpg=PT63&dq=Swiss+People's+Party+%2B+EEA+1992&source=bl&ots=6ykAlPUxDf&sig=KnL0LwEuLNklUYfTL_lQWFuobHI&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj56sX01NvPAhVI7SYKHdgJC-0Q6AEIPjAG#v=onepage&q=Swiss%20People's%20Party%20%2B%20EEA%201992&f=false Switzerland in Europe: Continuity and Change in the Swiss Political Economy]. Routledge. ISBN: 978-0-415-58051-9.</ref> The referendum to join the EEA failed, a major success for Blocher and the SVP, and a majority of SVP members voted with Blocher, strengthening his position in the party.<ref name="pp.135"/> The vote has been considered "a turning point" for the SVP and Swiss politics in general.<ref>Skenderovic, Damir (January 21, 2013). [http://policy-network.net/pno_detail.aspx?ID=4317 The SVP: A success story of right-wing populism]. ''policy-network.net''. Retrieved October 14, 2016.</ref> Since then, opposition to European integration and loss of national sovereignty has been "a main issue" for the SVP, and in the coming years it sponsored several other conservative national initiatives, which usually were not successful.<ref>Skenderovic, pp. 135-138.</ref>

The SVP continued to grow dramatically, and in the 2015 federal election the party received 29.4 percent of the vote and 65 seats in the 200-seat National Council, a record amount for the party.<ref name="SlideToRight">[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/switzerland/11939953/Anti-immigration-party-wins-Swiss-election-in-slide-to-the-Right.html Anti-immigration party wins Swiss election in 'slide to the Right']. ''The Telegraph'' (originally by ''Reuters''). October 19, 2015. Retrieved October 12, 2016.</ref> No Swiss political party had exceeded the SVP's share of the vote in at least a century, and no party received more seats in the National Council since 1963, when the number of seats was established at 200.<ref name="SlideToRight"/> In the same election, [[leftist]] parties lost a large number of seats.<ref name="SlideToRight"/><ref name="BreitbartCH">[http://www.breitbart.com/london/2015/10/19/swiss-parliament-shifts-to-right-in-vote-dominated-by-migrant-surge/ Swiss Parliament Shifts To Right In Vote Dominated By Migrant Surge]. ''Breitbart'' (by ''AFP''). October 19, 2015. Retrieved October 12, 2016.</ref> Immigration was a major reason for the party's historic and record-breaking 2015 victory.<ref name="BreitbartCH"/><ref>[http://www.economist.com/news/europe/21676703-fear-immigrations-swings-switzerland-even-farther-right-switzerland-scarcely-touched-europes-new Fear of immigration swings Switzerland even farther right]. ''The Economist''. October 20, 2015. Retrieved December 29, 2016.</ref>

Successful referendums that the SVP has sponsored include a 2009 initiative to ban the construction of any new minarets,<ref>[http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/europe/11/29/switzerland.minaret.referendum/index.html?iref=24hours Swiss vote to ban minaret construction]. ''CNN''. November 29, 2009. Retrieved October 14, 2016.</ref> a 2010 initiative to expel foreigners who commit crimes,<ref>[http://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/2010-initiative_foreign-criminal-expulsion-law-set-for-october/42001678 Foreign criminal expulsion law set for October]. ''Swissinfo''. March 4, 2016. Retrieved October 14, 2016.</ref> and a 2014 initiative to limit immigration by instituting quotas on it.<ref>[http://www.dw.com/en/swiss-voters-narrowly-back-referendum-curbing-immigration/a-17420367 Swiss voters narrowly back referendum curbing immigration]. ''Deutsche Welle''. February 9, 2014. Retrieved October 14, 2016.</ref> The 2010 and 2014 referendums, however, were watered down by the liberal Swiss government.

==Austria==
On September 11, 1683, the two day Siege of Vienna commenced. The Holy League turned back the Muslim Turks' encroachment on Europe. [[John III Sobieski|John Sobieski]], King of [[Poland]], who was credited with saving [[Christendom]], said, "We came. We saw. God conquered." 330 years later, Muslims have occupied the city. Muslim students now outnumber [[Roman Catholic]] students at middle and secondary schools.<ref>[http://de.radiovaticana.va/storico/2014/03/21/österreich_mehr_muslime_als_katholiken_an_wiens_hauptschulen/ted-783480 Austria: More Muslims than Catholics at Vienna's main schools], 21/03/2014 (Original in German) </ref> Minister for Foreign Affairs and Integration Sebastian Kurz in 2016 called for the immediate closure of many Islamic kindergartens after discovering an isolation of children from the host culture, and teaching of radical [[Islamist]] ideology in the schools which recieve €30 million ($32 million USD) in state funding annually.<ref>[http://www.thelocal.at/20160229/muslim-preschools-linked-to-islamist-organisations Muslim preschools 'linked to Islamist groups'], ''The Local AT'' Austria's news in English, 29 February 2016. www.thelocal.at </ref>

Austria is in the process of introducing new taxpayer funded textbooks for the teaching of Islam. Previously, the main textbook used in [[public school]]s was authored by Yusuf al-Qaradawi entitled, ''The Lawful and the Prohibited in Islam'', translated into German (''Erlaubtes und Verbotenes im Islam'').<ref>Immediately after the fall of [[Mubarak]] in [[Egypt]] during the "Arab Spring", Qaradawi returned to Egypt for the first time in 30 years to lead Friday prayers in Tahir Square before a crowd estimated at 2 million. Qaradawi has long been recognized as the spiritual leader of the Muslim Brotherhood. After this event Qaradawi issued a ''[[fatwa]]'' calling for the murder of [[Muamar Ghaddafi]]. </ref> Qaradawi teaches that killing of apostates (''[[takfir]]is'') is essential for the survival of Islam,<ref>https://youtu.be/huMu8ihDlVA </ref> shariah law takes precedence over civil law, and Islam will conquer and rule Europe.<ref>https://youtu.be/eDtSqqciar0 </ref> Additionally, Qaradawi teaches women have fewer rights than men, praises Hitler and the [[holocaust]],<ref>https://youtu.be/VcB_DZ4YQYQ </ref> and has offered Friday prayers for the destruction of America. Although his books have been withdrawn from public schools, the textbooks are still widely available in [[Vienna]].

===Freedom Party of Austria===
[[File:Austrian presidential election 2016 round 1.png|thumb|300|Results of the first round of the 2016 Austrian presidential election, where the FPÖ (blue) received its best election result at the time (although it was surpassed in the two runoff elections).]]
:''Main article: [[Freedom Party of Austria]]''
The FPÖ, founded in 1956, started growing dramatically in the 1990s under the leadership of [[Jörg Haider]], becoming the second largest party in the country by 2000. Despite some setbacks, such as a party split in 2005, the party continued to grow.

In the first round of the 2016 Austrian presidential election, FPÖ candidate [[Norbert Hofer]] received 35.1 percent of the vote, which at the time was the party's best result in a national election in history.<ref>Troianovski, Anton (April 25, 2016). [http://www.wsj.com/articles/european-right-gets-boost-from-austrian-freedom-party-victory-1461598555 European Right Gets Boost From Austrian Freedom Party Victory]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved December 17, 2016.</ref> Although Hofer lost the run-off election by less than one percentage point, Austria’s Constitutional Court ordered a re-run of the election due to irregularities in mail-in ballots.<ref>Troianovski, Anton (June 1, 2016). [http://www.wsj.com/articles/austrian-court-orders-rerun-of-presidential-vote-1467369788 Austrian Court Orders Rerun of Presidential Vote]. ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrievd December 17, 2016.</ref> The election was eventually postponed until December 4, 2016.<ref>Connolly, Kate (September 12, 2016). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/sep/12/austria-presidential-election-rerun-to-be-postponed-faulty-glue-ballot-papers Austrian presidential election postponed due to faulty glue]. ''The Guardian''. Retrieved December 17, 2016.</ref><ref>Tomlinson, Chris (September 13, 2016). [http://www.breitbart.com/london/2016/09/13/fpo-austrian-election-delay-embarrassment/ Freedom Party Calls Austrian Election Delay An ‘Embarrassment’]. ''Breitbart''. Retrieved December 17, 2016.</ref> Although Hofer lost the election, being defeated by leftist Green Party candidate [[Alexander Van der Bellen]], the party vowed to fight on.<ref>Oliphant, Roland; Cseko, Balazs (December 4, 2016). [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/12/05/time-comes-says-defiant-austrian-far-right-freedom-party-claims/ Austrian far-right defiant as Freedom Party claims 'pole position' for general election: 'Our time comes']. ''The Telegraph''. Retrieved December 17, 2016.</ref>

==Hungary==
===Fidesz and Viktor Orbán===
In 2010 '''Fidesz''' (Hungarian Civic Alliance) won a supermajority in Hungary's [[parliament]] and control of all 19 of Hungary's county legislatures. The supermajority was retained in 2014 elections. A supermajority gives the party the power to make changes to Hungary's constitution. Party leader, [[Prime Minister]] Victor Orbán, has been in a very public fight with another Hungarian born son, [[George Soros]], a one percenter who manages money for other one percenters in the world. Soros survived the holocaust in [[Budapest]] by collaborating with [[Adolf Eichmann]] and the [[gestapo]], identifying Jews for [[deportation]] to [[Auschwitz]], after which Soros was allowed to loot their property for food and valuables while the victims were shipped off to gas chambers for extermination.

Soros' Open Society Institute has been in the forefront of promoting [[globalization]], [[multiculturalism]], unrestricted illegal immigration,<ref>[http://www.cnbc.com/2016/09/20/george-soros-to-invest-500-million-in-help-for-refugees-through-his-open-society-foundations.html George Soros to invest $500 million in help for refugees], Nyshka Chandran, [[CNBC]], 20 Sep 2016 </ref> and eliminating national borders. In Soros' dispute with Orbán, Soros has said,
{{quotebox|His plan treats the protection of national borders as the objective and the refugees as an obstacle. Our plan treats the protection of refugees as the objective and national borders as the obstacle.}}
As viewed by some, Muslim refugees are Soros' revenge on Christian Europe.<ref>[https://www.rt.com/op-edge/332387-soros-putin-russia-threat-migrants/ Soros: A psychopath’s psychopath], Sam Gerrans, [[RT]], 13 Feb, 2016 </ref>
===Jobbik===

==Bibliography==

{{cite book |ref=harv |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wP7-a7NC0mkC&dq|title=The radical right in Switzerland: continuity and change, 1945-2000 |first=Damir |last=Skenderovic |year=2009 |publisher=Berghahn Books |isbn=978-1-84545-580-4}}

==See also==
*[[Rape jihad]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:European Politics]]
[[Category:European Countries]]
[[Category:Immigration]]
[[Category:Liberal Denial]]

South Africa

2017-01-21T23:12:47Z

OneNation: /* History */

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|capital =Pretoria, Cape Town, Bloemfontein
|capital-raw =
|government =Constitutional democracy
|government-raw =
|language =[[Zulu]], [[Xhosa]], [[Afrikaans]], [[Sepedi]], [[English]], [[Setswana]], [[Sesotho]], [[Xitsonga]], [[Swati]], [[Venda]], [[isiNdebele]]
|king =
|queen =
|monarch-raw =
|president =Jacob Zuma
|president-raw =
|chancellor =
|chancellor-raw =
|pm =
|pm-raw =
|area =471 443 sq mi
|pop =49,004,000
|pop-basis =2011
|gdp =$576.4 billion(2007)
|gdp-year =
|gdp-pc =$13,000 (2007)
|currency =Rand
}}
'''South Africa''' is located on the southern tip of [[Africa]] and is the wealthiest, and one of the largest countries on the continent.

It has a very advantageous location for trade routes by sea from Western Europe to [[India]] and the Far East. As a result, there was far more immigration by Europeans to South Africa than any other region of Africa, and whites of European ancestry (English and Dutch) ruled South Africa until the late twentieth century. Since then, democracy has brought representative government to the African ethnic groups.

South Africa hosted the 2010 Football World Cup.
==People==
[[File:Durban South Africa.jpg|thumb|left|230px|Durban.]]
Until 1991, South African law divided the population into four major racial categories: Africans (black), whites, coloreds, and Asians. Although this law has been abolished, many South Africans still view themselves and each other according to these categories. Black Africans comprise about 79% of the population and are divided into a number of different ethnic groups. Whites comprise about 10% of the population. They are primarily descendants of Dutch, French, English, and German settlers who began arriving at the Cape of Good Hope in the late 17th century. Coloreds are mixed-race people primarily descending from the earliest settlers and the indigenous peoples. They comprise about 9% of the total population. Asians descend from Indian workers brought to South Africa in the mid-19th century to work on the sugar estates in Natal. They constitute about 2.5% of the population and are concentrated in the KwaZulu-Natal Province.

Education is in transition. Under the apartheid system schools were segregated, and the quantity and quality of education varied significantly across racial groups. The laws governing this segregation have been abolished. The long and arduous process of restructuring the country's educational system has begun and is ongoing. The challenge is to create a single, nondiscriminatory, nonracial system that offers the same standards of education to all people.
*Annual growth rate (2004 World Bank Group): 0.8%.
*Population (2004, 46.6 million): Composition—black 79%; white 9.6%; colored 8.9%; Asian (Indian) 2.5%. Official figures from 2000 South African Census at http://www.statssa.gov.za/.
*Languages: Afrikaans, English, isiNdebele, isiXhosa, isiZulu, Sepedi, Sesotho, Setswana, siSwati, Tshivenda, and Xitsonga (all official languages).
*Religions: Predominantly Christian; traditional African, Hindu, Muslim, Jewish.
*Education: Years compulsory—7–15 years of age for all children. The South African Schools Act, Act 84 of 1996, passed by Parliament in 1996, aims to achieve greater educational opportunities for black children, mandating a single syllabus and more equitable funding for schools.
*Health: Infant mortality rate (2000)--59 per live births. Life expectancy—52 yrs. women; 50 yrs. men. Health data from 2000 U.S. Census Report: HIV/AIDS Country Profiles: [http://www.census.gov/ipc/hiv/safrica.pdf].
===Religion===
[[File:Archbishop Emeritus Desmond Tutu.jpg|thumb|230px|Archbishop Emeritus Desmond Tutu.]]
The 2001 religious demography census estimated that 80% of the population is Christian. Hindus, Muslims, Jews, Buddhists, and adherents of traditional African beliefs combines constitute about 4% of the population. Approximately 15% of the population indicated that it belongs to no particular religion or declined to indicate an affiliation.

African Independent Churches (AICs) are the largest group of Christian churches. Once regarded as Ethiopian churches, the majority are now referred to as Zionist or Apostolic churches. There are more than 4,000 AICs, with a membership of more than 10 million, constituting approximately 20% of the population. The Zionist Christian Church is the largest AIC, with an estimated membership of more than four million. AICs serve more than half the population in northern KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga areas. There are at least 900 AICs are in Soweto.

Other Christian groups include Protestants (Dutch Reformed family of Churches, Anglican, Baptist, Congregational, Lutheran, Methodist, and Presbyterian) and the Roman Catholic Church. Greek Orthodox, the Church of Scientology, and Seventh-day Adventist churches are also active.

African traditionalists make up less than 1% of the population. Practitioners include traditional healers, often referred to as witches, although they do not see themselves as such. Many of the African traditionalists combine Christian and indigenous religious practices, and 15% of the population claims no affiliation with any formal religious organization. It is believed that many of these persons adhere to indigenous religions.

An estimated two-thirds of South Africa's Indian population, a majority of which resides in KwaZulu-Natal, practice Hinduism. The small Muslim community is mostly made up of Cape Malays of Indonesian descent, and the remainder is largely of Indian extraction.

==Government and Political Conditions==
South Africa is a multiparty parliamentary democracy in which constitutional power is shared between the president and the Parliament. The country is unusual in that it technically has three capital cities, since the three branches of the federal government are divided between them. As such, Pretoria houses the executive branch, Cape Town houses the legislative branch, and Bloemfontein houses the judicial branch. Therefore, these cities are known respectively as the executive capital, the legislative capital and the judicial capital.

The Parliament consists of two houses, the National Assembly and the National Council of Provinces, which are responsible for drafting the laws of the republic. The National Assembly also has specific control over bills relating to monetary matters. The current 400-member National Assembly was retained under the 1997 constitution, although the constitution allows for a range of between 350 and 400 members. The Assembly is elected by a system of "list proportional representation." Each of the parties appearing on the ballot submits a rank-ordered list of candidates. The voters then cast their ballots for a party.

Seats in the Assembly are allocated based on the percentage of votes each party receives. In the 2004 elections, the ANC won 279 seats in the Assembly, more than a two-thirds majority and an increase of 13 seats from 1999; the Democratic Alliance (DA) won 50, the IFP 28, the New National Party (NNP) 7, the United Democratic Movement (UDM) 9, and other groups won the remaining 27. In the 2004 electoral campaign, the ANC aligned with the NNP, and the DA aligned with the IFP. On August 6, the NNP announced that it would merge with the ANC. Elected representatives of the party would, however, continue to hold their seats in the national and provincial legislatures as NNP members until the next floor-crossing period in September 2005.

The National Council of Provinces (NCOP) consists of 90 members, 10 from each of the nine provinces. The NCOP replaced the former Senate as the second chamber of Parliament and was created to give a greater voice to provincial interests. It must approve legislation that involves shared national and provincial competencies as defined by an annex to the constitution. Each provincial delegation consists of six permanent and four rotating delegates.

The president is the head of state. Following the April 14, 2004 elections, the National Assembly re-elected Thabo Mbeki as President. The president's constitutional responsibilities include assigning cabinet portfolios, signing bills into law, and serving as commander in chief of the military. The president works closely with the deputy president and the cabinet. There are currently 28 posts in the cabinet. Of the 28 ministers, Mbeki appointed two from outside the ANC—one from the former NNP and one from the Azanian Peoples Organization (Azapo). On June 14, 2005, President Mbeki informed the South African Parliament that then-Deputy President Jacob Zuma was being "released" from his duties following the conviction of a close associate on corruption charges relating to monetary payments to Zuma. On June 22, Mbeki named former Minister for Minerals and Energy Phumzile Mlambo-Ngcuka to the position of Deputy President, the first woman to hold this office.

Following prior allegations, and a finding by Judge Chris Nicholson, that Prescient Mbeki may have exerted improper political influence regarding the prosecution of Jacob Zuma, the National Executive Committee of the ANC recalled Mbeki on Sunday, 21 September 2008. He formally tendered his resignation from office on Monday, 22 September, which became effective at midnight on 24 September 2008. Dr Ivy Matsepe-Casaburri served as acting State President from then until the election of the new State President.

The ANC's deputy president, Kgalema Motlanthe was elected and sworn in as South Africa's third democratic State President, during a full sitting of Parliament on 25 September 2008.

The third arm of the central government is an independent judiciary. The Constitutional Court is the highest court for interpreting and deciding constitutional issues, while the Supreme Court of Appeal is the highest court for non-constitutional matters. Most cases are heard in the extensive system of High Courts and Magistrates Courts. The constitution's bill of rights provides for due process including the right to a fair, public trial within a reasonable time of being charged and the right to appeal to a higher court. The bill of rights also guarantees fundamental political and social rights of South Africa's citizens.

===Principal Government Officials===
*State President—Kgalema Motlanthe
*Executive Deputy President—Ms. Baleka Mbete

===Challenges Ahead===
[[File:De Jonge Farm View Villiersdorp Cape.jpg|thumb|280px|De Jonge, Farm View Villiersdorp, Cape.]]
South Africa’s post-apartheid governments have made remarkable progress in consolidating the nation's peaceful transition to democracy. Programs to improve the delivery of essential social services to the majority of the population are underway. Access to better opportunities in education and business is becoming more widespread. Nevertheless, transforming South Africa's society to remove the legacy of apartheid will be a long-term process requiring the sustained commitment of the leaders and people of the nation's disparate groups.

The Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), chaired by 1984 Nobel Peace Prize winner Archbishop Desmond Tutu, helped to advance the reconciliation process. Constituted in 1996 and having completed its work by 2001, the TRC was empowered to investigate apartheid-era human rights abuses committed between 1960 and May 10, 1994; to grant amnesty to those who committed politically motivated crimes; and to recommend compensation to victims of abuses. In November 2003, the Government began allocation of $4,600 (R30,000) reparations to individual apartheid victims. The TRC's mandate was part of the larger process of reconciling the often conflicting political, economic, and cultural interests held by the many peoples that make up South Africa's diverse population. The ability of the government and people to agree on many basic questions of how to order the country's new society will remain a critical challenge.

One important issue continues to be the relationship of provincial and local administrative structures to the national government. Prior to April 27, 1994, South Africa was divided into four provinces and 10 black "homelands," four of which were considered independent by the South African Government. Both the interim constitution and the 1997 constitution abolished this system and substituted nine provinces. Each province has an elected legislature and chief executive—the provincial premier. Although in form a federal system, in practice the nature of the relationship between the central and provincial governments continues to be the subject of considerable debate, particularly among groups desiring a greater measure of autonomy from the central government. A key step in defining the relationship came in 1997 when provincial governments were given more than half of central government funding and permitted to develop and manage their own budgets. However, the national government exerts a measure of control over provinces by appointing provincial premiers.

Although South Africa's economy is in many areas highly developed, the exclusionary nature of apartheid and distortions caused in part by the country's international isolation until the 1990s have left major weaknesses. The economy is now in a process of transition as the government seeks to address the inequities of apartheid, stimulate growth, and create jobs. Business, meanwhile, is becoming more integrated into the international system, and foreign investment has increased dramatically over the past several years. Still, the economic disparities between population groups are expected to persist for many years, remaining an area of priority attention for the government.

===Human Rights===
The 1997 constitution's bill of rights provides extensive guarantees, including equality before the law and prohibitions against discrimination; the right to life, privacy, property, and freedom and security of the person; prohibition against slavery and forced labor; and freedom of speech, religion, assembly, and association. The legal rights of criminal suspects also are enumerated, as are citizens' entitlements to a safe environment, housing, education, and health care. The constitution provides for an independent and impartial judiciary, and, in practice, these provisions are respected.

Since the abolition of apartheid, levels of political violence in South Africa have dropped dramatically. Violent crime and organized criminal activity are at high levels and are a grave concern. Partly as a result, vigilante action and mob justice sometimes occur.

Some members of the police commit abuses, and deaths in police custody as a result of excessive force remain a problem. The government has taken action to investigate and punish some of those who commit such abuses. In April 1997, the government established an Independent Complaints Directorate to investigate deaths in police custody and deaths resulting from police action.

Although South Africa's society is undergoing a rapid transformation, some discrimination against women continues, and discrimination against those living with HIV/AIDS remains. Violence against women and children also is a serious problem.

===Foreign Relations===
South African forces fought on the Allied side in World Wars I and II and participated in the postwar UN force in Korea. South Africa was a founding member of the League of Nations and in 1927 established a Department of External Affairs with diplomatic missions in the main west European countries and in the United States. At the founding of the League of Nations, South Africa was given the mandate to govern Southwest Africa, now Namibia, which had been a German colony before World War I. In 1990, Namibia attained independence, with the exception of the enclave of Walvis Bay, which was reintegrated into Namibia in March 1994. After South Africa held its first nonracial election in April 1994, most sanctions imposed by the international community in opposition to the system of apartheid were lifted. On June 1, 1994, South Africa rejoined the Commonwealth, and on June 23, 1994, the UN General Assembly accepted its credentials. South Africa served as the African Union's (AU) first president from July 2003 to July 2004.

Having emerged from the international isolation of the apartheid era, South Africa has become a leading international actor. Its principal foreign policy objective is to promote the economic, political, and cultural regeneration of Africa, through the New Partnership for African Development (NEPAD); to promote the peaceful resolution of conflict in Africa; and to use multilateral bodies to insure that developing countries’ voices are heard on international issues. South Africa has played a key role in seeking an end to various conflicts and political crises on the African continent, including in Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and the Comoros. South Africa has pursued "quiet diplomacy" in its approach to the crisis in Zimbabwe.

==Economy==
South Africa has a two-tiered economy; one rivaling other developed countries and the other with only the most basic infrastructure. It therefore is a productive and industrialized economy that exhibits many characteristics associated with developing countries, including a division of labor between formal and informal sectors, and uneven distribution of wealth and income. The formal sector, based on mining, manufacturing, services, and agriculture, is well developed.

The transition to a democratic, nonracial government, begun in early 1990, stimulated a debate on the direction of economic policies to achieve sustained economic growth while at the same time redressing the socioeconomic disparities created by apartheid. The Government of National Unity's initial blueprint to address this problem was the Reconstruction and Development Program (RDP). The RDP was designed to create programs to improve the standard of living for the majority of the population by providing housing—a planned 1 million new homes in 5 years—basic services, education, and health care. While a specific "ministry" for the RDP no longer exists, a number of government ministries and offices are charged with supporting RDP programs and goals.
*GDP (2004): $213 billion. 2004 GDP at market prices (baseline year 2000)--1.374 billion rand (R).
*Real GDP growth rate (2004): 3.7%.
*GDP per capita (2004): $3,480.
*Unemployment (September 2004): 27.8%.
*Natural resources: Almost all essential commodities, except petroleum products and bauxite. Only country in the world that manufactures fuel from coal.
*Industry: Types—minerals, mining, motor vehicles and parts, machinery, textiles, chemicals, fertilizer, information technology, electronics, other manufacturing, and agroprocessing.
*Trade (2004): Exports--$36.3 billion (2003 merchandise exports R256 billion; 2003 gold exports R35 billion): gold, other minerals and metals, agricultural products, motor vehicles and parts. Major markets—U.K., U.S., Germany, Italy, Japan, East Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa. Imports--$34 billion (2003 merchandise imports R263 billion): machinery, transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum products, textiles, and scientific instruments. Major suppliers—Germany, U.S., Japan, U.K., Italy.
GDP composition (2003): Agriculture and mining (primary sector)--11%; industry (secondary sector)--24%; services (tertiary sector)--65%. World's largest producer of platinum, gold, and chromium; also significant coal production.

The Government of South Africa demonstrated its commitment to open markets, privatization, and a favorable investment climate with its release of the crucial Growth, Employment and Redistribution (GEAR) strategy—the neoliberal economic strategy to cover 1996-2000. The strategy had mixed success. It brought greater financial discipline and macroeconomic stability but has failed to deliver in key areas. Formal employment continued to decline, and despite the ongoing efforts of black empowerment and signs of a fledgling black middle class and social mobility, the country's wealth remains very unequally distributed along racial lines. However, South Africa's budgetary reforms such as the Medium-Term Expenditure Framework and the Public Finance Management Act—which aims at better reporting, auditing, and increased accountability—and the structural changes to its monetary policy framework—including inflation targeting—have created transparency and predictability and are widely acclaimed. Trade liberalization also has progressed substantially since the early 1990s. South Africa has reduced its import-weighted average tariff rate from more than 20% in 1994 to 7% in 2002. These efforts, together with South Africa's implementation of its World Trade Organization (WTO) obligations and its constructive role in launching the Doha Development Round, show South Africa's acceptance of free market principles.

====Financial Policy====
South Africa has a sophisticated financial structure with a large and active stock exchange that ranks 17th in the world in terms of total market capitalization. The South African Reserve Bank (SARB) performs all central banking functions. The SARB is independent and operates in much the same way as Western central banks, influencing interest rates and controlling liquidity through its interest rates on funds provided to private sector banks. Quantitative credit controls and administrative control of deposit and lending rates have largely disappeared. South African banks adhere to the Bank of International Standards core standards.

The South African Government has taken steps to gradually reduce remaining foreign exchange controls, which apply only to South African residents. Private citizens are now allowed a one-time investment of up to 750,000 rand (R) in offshore accounts. Since 2001, South African companies may invest up to R750 million in Africa and R500 million elsewhere.

====Trade and Investment====
South Africa has rich mineral resources. It is the world's largest producer and exporter of gold and platinum and also exports a significant amount of coal. During 2000, platinum overtook gold as South Africa's largest foreign exchange earner. The value-added processing of minerals to produce ferroalloys, stainless steels, and similar products is a major industry and an important growth area. The country's diverse manufacturing industry is a world leader in several specialized sectors, including railway rolling stock, synthetic fuels, and mining equipment and machinery.

Primary agriculture accounts for about 4% of the gross domestic product. Major crops include citrus and deciduous fruits, corn, wheat, dairy products, sugarcane, tobacco, wine, and wool. South Africa has many developed irrigation schemes and is a net exporter of food.

South Africa's transportation infrastructure is well-developed, supporting both domestic and regional needs. The Johannesburg International Airport serves as a hub for flights to other southern African countries. The domestic telecommunications infrastructure provides modern and efficient service to urban areas, including cellular and Internet services. In 1997, Telkom, the South African telecommunications parastatal, was partly privatized and entered into a strategic equity partnership with a consortium of two companies, including SBC, a U.S. telecommunications company. In exchange for exclusivity to provide certain services for 5 years, Telkom assumed an obligation to facilitate network modernization and expansion into unserved areas. The government is evaluating a proposal to establish a second network operator to compete with Telkom across its spectrum of services. Three cellular companies provide service to over 9 million subscribers.

South Africa's GDP is expected to increase gradually during the next few years, and in 2005 the government revised upward its 2005 estimated growth to 4.3%. Annual GDP growth between 1994 and 2004 averaged 3.0%. In 2003, real GDP growth slowed to a rate of 2.8%, but increased to 3.7% in 2004. The government estimates that the economy must achieve growth at a minimum of 6% to offset unemployment, which is estimated at 28%, although unofficial sources put it as high as 41%. In an effort to boost economic growth and spur job creation, the government has launched special investment corridors to promote development in specific regions and also is working to encourage small, medium, and microenterprise development. One of the great successes of the ANC government has been to get consumer inflation, which had been running in the double digits for over 20 years, under control. By 1998, inflation had fallen to 6.9%, and in 1999 and 2000 inflation was running at less than 6.0%. The rand's rapid depreciation in late 2001, however, led to greater inflationary pressure, causing 2002 inflation of 9.2%. The South African government cut the inflation rate to 4% in 2004, and the rand appreciated 39% from 2002 to 2004. The South African Reserve Bank increased interest rates and along with the 28% rand appreciation in 2003 led a reduced consumer inflation of 5.8%. The government also has made inroads into reducing the fiscal deficit and increasing foreign currency reserves. The government deficit was 1.1% of GDP in 2002 and 2.6% in 2003. The government's 2005 budget called for a moderate increase in spending to promote faster growth and poverty alleviation, while curbing budget deficits.

Exports reached 28.2% of GDP in 2003, up from 11.5% a decade ago. South Africa's major trading partners include the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, Italy, Belgium, and Japan. South Africa's trade with other Sub-Saharan African countries, particularly those in the southern Africa region, has increased substantially. South Africa is a member of the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) and the Southern African Development Community (SADC). In August 1996, South Africa signed a regional trade protocol agreement with its SADC partners. The agreement was ratified in December 1999, and implementation began in September 2000. It intends to provide duty-free treatment for 85% of trade by 2008 and 100% by 2012.

South Africa has made great progress in dismantling its old economic system, which was based on import substitution, high tariffs and subsidies, anticompetitive behavior, and extensive government intervention in the economy. The new leadership has moved to reduce the government's role in the economy and to promote private sector investment and competition. It has significantly reduced tariffs and export subsidies, loosened exchange controls, cut the secondary tax on corporate dividends, and improved enforcement of intellectual property laws. A new competition law was passed and became effective on September 1, 1999. A U.S.-South Africa bilateral tax treaty went into effect on January 1, 1998, and a bilateral trade and investment framework agreement was signed in February 1999.

South Africa is a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO). U.S. products qualify for South Africa's most-favored-nation tariff rates. South Africa also is an eligible country for the benefits under the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), and most of its products can enter the United States market duty-free. South Africa has done away with most import permits except on used products and products regulated by international treaties. It also remains committed to the simplification and continued reduction of tariffs within the WTO framework and maintains active discussions with that body and its major trading partners.

As a result of a November 1993 bilateral agreement, the Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) can assist U.S. investors in the South African market with services such as political risk insurance and loans and loan guarantees. In July 1996, the United States and South Africa signed an investment fund protocol for a $120 million OPIC fund to make equity investments in South Africa and southern Africa. OPIC is establishing an additional fund—the Sub-Saharan Africa Infrastructure Fund, capitalized at $350 million—for investment in infrastructure projects. The Trade and Development Agency also has been actively involved in funding feasibility studies and identifying investment opportunities in South Africa for U.S. businesses.

====HIV/AIDS====
South Africa is one of the countries most affected by HIV, with 5 million HIV infected individuals. Twenty percent of the 15-49 year old population is infected, and in parts of the country more than 35% of women of childbearing age are infected. Overall, 11-12% of the population is infected. About 1,700 new infections occur each day, and approximately 40% of deaths are believed to be AIDS-related. There are approximately 660,000 children who have lost one or both parents, and by 2008 1.6 million children will have been orphaned by AIDS. Without effective prevention and treatment 5-7 million cumulative AIDS deaths are anticipated by 2010 (with 1.5 million deaths in 2010 alone), and there will be over 1 million sick with AIDS. The epidemic could cost South Africa as much as 17% in GDP growth by 2010. The extraction industries, education, and health are among the sectors that will be severely affected. A 2003 national operational plan provides the structure for a comprehensive response to HIV and AIDS, including a national rollout of antiretroviral therapy.

====Environment====
[[File:Boyley The Homestead.jpg|thumb|Boyley, The Homestead.]]
South Africa's Government is committed to managing the country's rich and varied natural resources in a responsible and sustainable manner. In addition, numerous South African non-governmental organizations have emerged as a potent force in the public policy debate on the environment. In international environmental organizations, South Africa is seen as a key leader among developing countries on issues such as climate change, conservation, and biodiversity. This leading role was underscored by South Africa's selection to host the World Summit on Sustainable Development in 2002.

==History==
People have inhabited southern Africa for thousands of years. Members of the Khoisan language groups are the oldest surviving inhabitants of the land, but only a few are left in South Africa today—and they are located in the western sections. Most of today's black South Africans belong to the Bantu language group, which migrated south from central Africa, settling in the Transvaal region sometime before AD 100. The Nguni, ancestors of the Zulu and Xhosa, occupied most of the eastern coast by 1500.

The Portuguese were the first Europeans to reach the Cape of Good Hope, arriving in 1488. However, permanent white settlement did not begin until 1652 when the Dutch East India Company established a provisioning station on the Cape. In subsequent decades, French Huguenot refugees, the Dutch, and Germans began to settle in the Cape. Collectively, they form the Afrikaner segment of today's population. The establishment of these settlements had far-reaching social and political effects on the groups already settled in the area, leading to upheaval in these societies and the subjugation of their people.

By 1779, European settlements extended throughout the southern part of the Cape and east toward the Great Fish River. It was here that Dutch authorities and the Xhosa fought the first frontier war. The British gained control of the Cape of Good Hope at the end of the 18th century. Subsequent British settlement and rule marked the beginning of a long conflict between the Afrikaners and the English.

Beginning in 1836, partly to escape British rule and cultural hegemony and partly out of resentment at the recent abolition of slavery, many Afrikaner farmers (Boers) undertook a northern migration that became known as the "Great Trek." This movement brought them into contact and conflict with African groups in the area, the most formidable of which were the Zulus. Under their powerful leader, Shaka (1787-1828), the Zulus conquered most of the territory between the Drakensberg Mountains and the sea (now KwaZulu-Natal).

In 1828, Shaka was assassinated and replaced by his half-brother Dingane. In 1838, Dingane was defeated and deported by the Voortrekkers (people of the Great Trek) at the battle of Blood River. The Zulus, nonetheless, remained a potent force, defeating the British in the historic battle of Isandhlwana before themselves being finally conquered in 1879.

In 1852 and 1854, the independent Boer Republics of the Transvaal and Orange Free State were created. Relations between the republics and the British Government were strained. The discovery of diamonds at Kimberley in 1870 and the discovery of large gold deposits in the Witwatersrand region of the Transvaal in 1886 caused an influx of European (mainly British) immigration and investment. In addition to resident black Africans, many blacks from neighboring countries also moved into the area to work in the mines. The construction by mine owners of hostels to house and control their workers set patterns that later extended throughout the region.

Boer reactions to this influx and British political intrigues led to the Anglo-Boer Wars of 1880-81 and 1899-1902. British forces prevailed in the conflict, and the republics were incorporated into the British Empire. In May 1910, the two republics and the British colonies of the Cape and Natal formed the Union of South Africa, a self-governing dominion of the British Empire. The Union's constitution kept all political power in the hands of whites.

In 1912, the South Africa Native National Congress was founded in Bloemfontein and eventually became known as the [[African National Congress]] (ANC). Its goals were the elimination of restrictions based on color and the enfranchisement of and parliamentary representation for blacks. Despite these efforts the government continued to pass laws limiting the rights and freedoms of blacks.

In 1948, the National Party (NP) won the all-white elections and began passing legislation codifying and enforcing an even stricter policy of white domination and racial separation known as "apartheid" (separateness). In the early 1960s, following a protest in Sharpeville in which 69 protesters were killed by police and 180 injured, the ANC and Pan-African Congress (PAC) were banned. [[Nelson Mandela]] and many other anti-apartheid leaders were convicted and imprisoned on charges of treason.

The ANC and PAC were forced underground and fought apartheid through guerrilla warfare and sabotage. In May 1961, South Africa relinquished its dominion status and declared itself a republic. It withdrew from the Commonwealth in part because of international protests against apartheid. In 1984, a new constitution came into effect in which whites allowed coloreds and Asians a limited role in the national government and control over their own affairs in certain areas. Ultimately, however, all power remained in white hands. Blacks remained effectively disenfranchised.

Popular uprisings in black and colored townships in 1976 and 1985 helped to convince some NP members of the need for change. Secret discussions between those members and Nelson Mandela began in 1986. In February 1990, State President F.W. de Klerk, who had come to power in September 1989, announced the unbanning of the ANC, the PAC, the South African Communist Party and all other anti-apartheid groups. Two weeks later, Nelson Mandela was released from prison.

In 1991, the Group Areas Act, Land Acts, and the Population Registration Act—the last of the so-called "pillars of apartheid"—were abolished. A long series of negotiations ensued, resulting in a new constitution promulgated into law in December 1993. The country's first nonracial elections were held on April 26–28, 1994, resulting in the installation of Nelson Mandela as President on May 10, 1994.

Following the 1994 elections, South Africa was governed under an interim constitution establishing a Government of National Unity (GNU). This constitution required the Constitutional Assembly (CA) to draft and approve a permanent constitution by May 9, 1996. After review by the Constitutional Court and intensive negotiations within the CA, the Constitutional Court certified a revised draft on December 2, 1996. President Mandela signed the new constitution into law on December 10, and it entered into force on February 3, 1997. The GNU ostensibly remained in effect until the 1999 national elections. The parties originally comprising the GNU—the ANC, the NP, and the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP)--shared executive power. On June 30, 1996, the NP withdrew from the GNU to become part of the opposition.

During Nelson Mandela's 5-year term as President of South Africa, the government committed itself to reforming the country. The ANC-led government focused on social issues that were neglected during the apartheid era such as unemployment, housing shortages, and crime. Mandela's administration began to reintroduce South Africa into the global economy by implementing a market-driven economic plan known as Growth, Employment and Redistribution (GEAR). In order to heal the wounds created by apartheid, the government created the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) under the leadership of Archbishop Desmond Tutu. During the first term of the ANC's post-apartheid rule, President Mandela concentrated on national reconciliation, seeking to forge a single South African identity and sense of purpose among a diverse and splintered populace, riven by years of conflict. The diminution of political violence after 1994 and its virtual disappearance by 1996 were testament to the abilities of Mandela to achieve this difficult goal.

Nelson Mandela stepped down as President of the ANC at the party's national congress in December 1997, when Thabo Mbeki assumed the mantle of leadership. Mbeki won the presidency of South Africa after national elections in 1999, when the ANC won just shy of a two-thirds majority in Parliament. President Mbeki shifted the focus of government from reconciliation to transformation, particularly on the economic front. With political transformation and the foundation of a strong democratic system in place after two free and fair national elections, the ANC recognized the need to focus on bringing economic power to the black majority in South Africa. In April 2004, the ANC won nearly 70% of the national vote, and Mbeki was reelected for his second 5-year term. In his 2004 State of the Nation address, Mbeki promised his government would reduce poverty, stimulate economic growth, and fight crime. Mbeki said that the government would play a more prominent role in economic development.

South Africa will hosted the World Cup (soccer) in 2010, the first time it was held in Africa. [http://www.fifa.com/en/worldcup/index/0,3360,WF2010,00.html?comp=WF&year=2010]

==Crime==
One of the largest challenges which South Africa faces is Crime. [[Crime in South Africa]] is a major political and social issue. Rape is endemic in South Africa. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/1909220.stm][http://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1008.html]

[[South African Farm Murders]] is a highly political issue with some claiming genocide or ethnic cleansing.. According to the Government the murders are "just the result of ordinary crime", but the Agricultural Unions believe it forms part of [[genocide]] committed against the Boers of South Africa.
[http://www.tlu.co.za/International%20Bulletins/2007/IB070315%20%20Forced%20Sales,%20Expropriations%20and%20Farm%20Attacks%20-%20Two%20Sides%20of%20the%20same%20Coin.htm] Genocide Watch of New Haven, Connecticut claims 2.2% of Boer farmers have been victims of violent homicide by 2002. Other reports show robbery is not the motive in these homicides. An article in ''WorldNetDaily'' cites the homicide rate among South African Boer farmers at 264 per 100,000, while Genocide Watch cites a figure of 311 per 100,000 as of 2002.

A Boer blog site points out that the Dutch Boer's of South Africa who were integrated into the South African state forcibly by British Afrikaners after the Boer War, were not promulgators of the policy of Apartheid implemented by the dominant Afrikaners. The author states the Dutch Boers first faced the loss of their ethnic identity by British Afrikaners during the Apartheid era, and that the policy of the current South African government is now to remove completely the ethnic communities identity.<ref>[http://www.stopboergenocide.com/29301/index.html Boer, Afrikaner, or White, Which Are You?] by Adriana Stuijt. Retrieved from Stop Boer Genocide.com 11 July 2007.</ref>

===Genocide allegations===
The African National Congress has been accused of promoting genocide against the Boer in South Africa.<ref>[http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=28421 'Kill the Boer, kill the farmer'], By Anthony C. LoBaido, ''WorldNetDaily.com'', July 28, 2002. Retrieved July 12, 2007.</ref>Genocide Watch:[http://www.genocidewatch.org/BoersSlain01.htm Over 4.000 Boer Farmers In South Africa Have Been Murdered Since 1991]. Retrieved from Genocide Watch July 29, 2015.http://www.genocidewatch.org/images/White_Genocide_TVA.pdf

The victims of this ongoing onslaught are usually elderly white citizens with the assailants generally being black Africans.
[http://www.ilanamercer.com/TheGenocideInDemocraticSA.htm]

===Current Issues===
Currently in South Africa there has been much [[violence]], mainly in the poor townships, against foreigners. In particular against [[Zimbabwe]] natives who have fled the regime of [[Robert Mugabe]]. This is due to a perception that the immigrants are taking jobs and land from native born South Africans.

== External links ==
*[http://www.southafrica.info/2010/worldcup-overview.htm 2010 Fifa World Cup South Africa.]

==References==
<references/>

{{African Countries}}
[[Category:Christian-Majority Countries]]
[[Category:South Africa]]
[[Category:African History]]
[[Category:Nuclear Target Structures]]

Liberal bias

2017-01-21T21:22:29Z

OneNation: /* Cuban revolution */

'''Liberal bias''' is partisan selection or distortion of information to support [[liberal]] policies. This bias can be expressed by [[professor values|professors]] and [[public school]] teachers, [[College Board]] exams, reporters and other journalists in mainstream media, and any other information source. Typically purveyors of liberal bias falsely present themselves as being objective. Liberal bias includes techniques such as distorted selection of information, [[placement bias]], [[photo bias]] and [[liberal style]].

'''''The essence of liberal bias is to dismiss or even to censor opposing views'''''. For liberals, to allow the airing or publishing of an opposing view creates the risk that people might discover errors in the liberal viewpoint. On the other hand, [[conservative]]s typically uphold freedom of ideological expression, with many expressing that although they may oppose a liberal view with every fiber of their being, they will defend to the death their right to say it, because they believe that in the [[marketplace of ideas]] the true will always win over the false. (At ''Conservapedia'' we are not afraid to mention and even to summarize anti-conservative arguments.)

It is clear that the mainstream media is extremely biased towards the left-wing, and this was the case since at least the 1960s, with a strong leftist monopoly on the news which promotes false conclusions.<ref name="NationalReview">Hanson, Victor Davis (December 22, 2016). [http://www.nationalreview.com/article/443263/ The Trump Nail in the Media Coffin]. ''National Review''. Retrieved December 28, 2016.</ref> The [[2016 U.S. presidential election|2016 election]] of Republican businessman [[Donald Trump]] prominently displayed the blatant leftist bias of the media.<ref name="NationalReview"/><ref>Brown, Michael (October 19, 2016). [http://townhall.com/columnists/michaelbrown/2016/10/19/the-undeniable-glaring-bias-of-the-mainstream-media-n2234678 The Undeniable, Glaring Bias of the Mainstream Media]. ''Townhall''. Retrieved December 28, 2016.</ref><ref>Riddell, Kelly (November 8, 2016). [http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2016/nov/8/mainstream-media-maligned-10-examples-blatant-bias/ Mainstream Media Maligned: 10 Examples of Blatant Bias]. ''The Washington Times''. Retrieved December 28, 2016.</ref><ref>Goodwin, Michael (November 14, 2016). [http://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2016/11/14/trumps-victory-is-about-change-and-our-biased-mainstream-media-must-change-too.html Trump's victory is about change. And our biased mainstream media must change, too]. ''Fox News''. Retrieved December 28, 2016.</ref> Trump found a way to get his message out to the public without needing to go through the lens of the leftist media, and some liberals suggested ways in how to force Trump to have to deal with the corrupt media.<ref>[https://www.rt.com/usa/372026-donald-trump-twitter-cnn/ MSM shouldn’t cover Trump's tweets, forcing him to rely on media to communicate – CNN anchor]. ''RT''. December 28, 2016. Retrieved December 28, 2016.</ref>

==Vision of the anointed==
[[Image:Thomassowell.jpg‎|thumbnail|150px|right|[[Thomas Sowell]]]]
Economist [[Thomas Sowell]], in his 1996 book ''The Vision of the Anointed'', discusses the anointed vision of liberals and liberalism to promote their agenda.
<blockquote>
Desperate evasions of discordant evidence, and the denigration and even demonizing of those presenting such evidence, are indicative of the high stakes in contemporary [[culture war]]s, which are not about alternative policies but [[Values clarification|alternative worlds]] and of alternative roles of liberals in these worlds. Opponents must be shown to be not merely mistaken but morally lacking. This approach replaces the intellectual discussion of arguments by the moral extermination of persons. This denigration or [[demonizing]] of those opposed to their views not only has the desired effect of discrediting the opposition but also has the unintended effect of cutting off the path of retreat from positions which become progressively less tenable with the passage of time and the accumulation of discordant evidence. The very thought that those dismissed as simplistic or maligned might have been right–even if only on a single issue–is at best galling and potentially devastating. Their last refuge in this situation are their good intentions.<ref>Thomas Sowell, [http://www.li.suu.edu/library/circulation/Lewis/ba2350tlVisionoftheAnointedShortVersion.pdf ''The Vision of the Anointed''], New York: Basic Books, 1996.</ref>
</blockquote>

Jon Meacham, editor of the overly liberal weekly magazine, ''Newsweek'', in justifying its activist journalism, stated, “Let me say this, I don’t think we’re the only catcher in the rye between democracy and ignorance, but I think we’re one of them, and I don’t think there are that many standing on the edge of that cliff.”<ref>http://www.commentarymagazine.com/printarticle.cfm/press-man--don-t-give-readers-what-they-want-15488</ref>

In March 2010, liberal [[evolution]]ary magazine ''National Geographic'' postulated that [[liberals]] and [[atheists]] may be more evolved than [[conservatives]], according to conclusions by Satoshi Kanazawa, an evolutionary psychologist. Kanazawa states "people with higher levels of intelligence are more likely to adopt social values and behaviors that are relatively new to human life—liberalism, atheism, staying up late, and (for men) monogamy, for example." Kanazawa also defines ''liberalism'', in part, as caring about the well-being of vast numbers of people you'll never meet, and states that this "is a very new thing for humans."

However, in response it is argued that such an definition of liberalism would render [[Jesus Christ]] a liberal, who clearly taught "love thy neighbor as thyself", and who came to be the Savior of the world - to those who believe and so follow Him - and which obedience is contrary to what liberalism promotes. And that, in contrast to Biblical conservative morality, history shows that liberalism, as overall manifest today, has adopted such "new" but essentially old ways of rebellion against beneficial moral values, promoting [[Hollywood values]], [[San Francisco values]], adultery, anarchy, and atrocities such as are seen by such intelligent atheists as [[Mao]] and [[Pol Pot]], whose objectively baseless moral reasoning allowed them to justify their evils, as pragmatically reasonable to achieving their "enlightened" ideals.

In a response to the ''National Geographic'' pretensions, James Lewis in the ''American Thinker'' notes that the vast majority of "educated people before the 20th century in Western countries were conservatives", but that "IQ doesn't predict street smarts or (obviously) political success on Capitol Hill."

Lewis goes on to ask,
<blockquote>
Why has the Left ended up killing 100 million people in the 20th century, according to French Marxist historian Courtois and his team? That's the real question the Left must always be made to answer: Why does its blind "idealism" and its unquenchable power-craving lead to such disastrous results, over and over again?
</blockquote>

His conclusions are that
{{cquote|The National Geographic headline is therefore characteristically absurd, but it's also typical of the cultural Left today -- and of its hopeless cravings to validate itself as being smarter, better-educated, and of course, more compassionate than those conservative throwbacks to a brute past. Somehow the Left always needs to boast, and like any other compulsive boaster, it is compensating for its own feelings of inferiority...

High IQ is no guarantee of goodness. It's not even a guarantee of common sense, or of genuine intelligence outside a few limited parts of life. It's no protection against evil.
<ref>[http://www.americanthinker.com/2010/03/are_liberals_atheists_more_evo.html James Lewis, ''Are Liberals, Atheists More Evolved than Conservatives?''], American Thinker, March 14, 2010</ref>}}

Princeton Theological Seminary theologian and noted Bible commentator Albert Barnes (1798-1870) comments on [[Romans 1]]:22, ''Professing themselves to be wise they became fools'', that
<blockquote>
this was the common boast of the philosophers of antiquity. The very word by which they chose to be called, “philosophers,” means literally “lovers of wisdom.” That it was their boast that they were wise, is well known..[but] they became really foolish in their opinions and conduct.
</blockquote>

The famous Bible commentator [[Matthew Henry]] adds, "As a profession of wisdom is an aggravation of folly, so a proud conceit of wisdom is the cause of a great deal of folly."

Ultimately, the function of the so-called liberal press is to dig the grave for the American People and [[American Values]]. No mention need be made of the closely associated lying Marxist Press. To them the spreading of falsehood is as much a vital necessity as the mouse is to a cat. Their sole task is to break the national backbone of the people, thus preparing the nation to become the slaves of international finance and its masters, the Liberals.

== Liberal bias in media ==

=== History ===

==== Where does Liberal media bias come from? ====

Prior to the era of "objective journalism", many journalist and muckraker outlets alike were rather open and known for which side of the aisle that they stood. For example, both ''Harper's Weekly'' as well as the [[Los Angeles Times]] were considered to be [[Republican]] publications.<ref>[http://spartacus-educational.com/USAharpers.htm Harper's Weekly]</ref><ref>[http://ethics.journalism.wisc.edu/2011/04/20/the-fall-and-rise-of-partisan-journalism/ The Fall and Rise of Partisan Journalism]</ref> Other papers had a [[Democrat]] bent.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=w2osAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA553&lpg=PA553&dq=albany+atlas+democrat Appleton's Cyclopædia of American Biography, Volume 1]</ref> During the partisan era, both sides had ample representation. There was no one sided media monopoly and the beliefs of the papers were known.

===== Bias cloaked as objectivity =====

Liberal bias in objective news goes back much further than most people realize, and most journalists would want anybody to know. [[Walter Lippmann]], who is considered by many to be the Father of Modern Journalism,<ref>{{cite journal |last=Schudson |first=Michael |authorlink=Michael Schudson |date=2008 |title=The "Lippmann-Dewey Debate" and the Invention of Walter Lippmann as an Anti-Democrat 1985-1996 |journal=International Journal of Communication |volume=2 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Carey |first=James W. |authorlink=James W. Carey |date=March 1987 |title=The Press and the Public Discourse |journal=The Center Magazine |volume=20 }}</ref> was on the front lines of the development of so-called "objective journalism" around the 1920s.<ref name=meaning>[https://www.americanpressinstitute.org/journalism-essentials/bias-objectivity/lost-meaning-objectivity/ The lost meaning of 'objectivity'], American Press Institute</ref>

Lippmann wrote that you could use selective keywords<ref name=keywords>Walter Lippmann, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=eLobn4WwbLUC&pg=PA355]'', p. 355</ref> in order to demonize one group of people or to praise other groups, solely based on the journalist's prerogative. He concluded that after the journalist set the tone of who was to be praised and who was to be castigated, the role of editorials was to reinforce the message.<ref name=keywords />

Lippmann opens his highly influential book ''Public Opinion'' with an anecdote about a small group of people on a distant island, and until a new copy of newspaper was brought in by ship the people on the island would continue their same arguments in perpetuity.<ref>Public Opinion, page 1.</ref> ''Public Opinion'' offers a rare glimpse inside the journalistic mind about the means and ability to manipulate readers to achieve a desired outcome.

Lippmann also called for journalism to be more closely associated with universities,<ref name=meaning /> with the end result that all journalists would be trained by left wing college professors. This ensures that journalism graduates would be of only one mindset.

=== Modern ===
A 2005 report<ref>[http://www.polisci.ucla.edu/faculty/groseclose/Media.Bias.pdf A MEASURE OF MEDIA BIAS]</ref> by Tim Groseclose and Jeffrey Milyo, political scientists at UCLA, concluded that based on estimated ideological scores, all of the news outlets they examined except [[Fox News]]’ Special Report and the [[Washington Times]] showed a strong liberal bias (scores to the left of the average member of Congress). Of the 20 major media outlets studied, 18 scored left of center, with [[CBS]]' "Evening News," The [[New York Times]] and the [[Los Angeles Times]] ranking second, third and fourth most liberal behind the news pages of [[The Wall Street Journal]]. Only Fox News' "Special Report With Brit Hume" and The Washington Times scored right of the average U.S. voter.<blockquote>
"I suspected that many media outlets would tilt to the left because surveys have shown that reporters tend to vote more Democrat than Republican," said Tim Groseclose, a UCLA political scientist and the study's lead author. "But I was surprised at just how pronounced the distinctions are." <ref>http://www.newsroom.ucla.edu/page.asp?RelNum=6664</ref>
</blockquote>

[[ABC]], CBS, and [[NBC]] together have unloaded more than a thousand stories on Obama’s presidential campaign but not a single story devoted to examining Obama’s abysmal abortion record.<ref>[http://newsbusters.org/blogs/brent-bozell/2008/10/14/bozell-column-whos-fierce-abortion Bozell Column: Who's 'Fierce' on Abortion?] NewsBusters.org, October 14, 2008</ref>

Billionaire ultra liberal [[atheist]] investor [[George Soros]], who spent $27 million trying to defeat President Bush in 2004, is a very substantial supporter of liberal media.<ref>http://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2011/05/11/dont-hear-george-soros-ties-30-major-news-organizations/print</ref>

Liberals believe that most mainstream media sources do not have a bias towards liberal views, and that the idea of a "liberal media" is a myth fabricated by conservatives who are upset when reported facts do not support conservatives' opinions, beliefs, interests, or preconceived notions.

====Notable examples====

*A New York Times piece claimed Energy Secretary-designate [[Rick Perry]] had no idea a key purpose of the Department of Energy is to maintain US nuclear security. But Perry’s statement '''on the day he was nominated''' says flatly he looks forward to "safeguarding our nuclear arsenal." [http://nypost.com/2017/01/19/newsrooms-latest-low-blows-against-team-trump/]

=====Liberal to Conservative Ratio=====
Talk to any Fox News hating liberal and you'll here the same old regurgitated talking point - ''Fox is not Fair & Balanced.'' One network, Fox News, has twice the number of opposing commentators than does all media sources combined. If you add up the major media properties of ABC, NBC, CBS, [[MSNBC]], [[CNN]], [[PBS]], New York Times, Washington Post, and Newsweek, you get a total of five so-called conservative personalities among hundreds of liberals. At the least, Fox News employs the following liberals:

*[[Bob Beckel]]
*[[Juan Williams]]
*[[Alan Colmes]]
*[[Kirsten Powers]]
*[[Shepard Smith]]
*[[Geraldo Rivera]]
*[[Mara Liasson]]
*[[Bill Schulz]]
*[[Susan Estrich]]
*[[Ed Henry]]

=====Cuban revolution=====

Prime media sources as the New York Times believed and embraced [[Fidel Castro]], who used them in his propaganda to foster acceptance in the Western world.

In a letter to a revolutionary colleague in 1954, Fidel Castro is reported as stating, "We cannot for a second abandon propaganda. [[Propaganda]] is vital -- propaganda is the heart of all struggles."

Likewise, [[Che Guevara]], once labelled "Castro's brain," and who swore by [[Stalin]] and once boasted "I am all the contrary of a Christ" (and who was an early role model for [[Christopher Hitchens]],<ref>Sean O'Hagan, ''Just a Pretty Face?,'' The Observer, July 11, 2004</ref>) stated, "A foreign reporter -- preferably American -- was much more valuable to us at that time (1957) than any military victory. Much more valuable than rural recruits for our guerrilla force, were American media recruits to export our propaganda."<ref>Ernesto "Che" Guevara in his diaries</ref>

"Castro is honest," reported Newsweek magazine on April 13, 1959. "And an honest government is something unique in Cuba....Castro is not himself even remotely a Communist."

Herbert Matthews of the New York Times reported in July 1959 that "This is not a Communist Revolution in any sense of the term. Fidel Castro is not only not a Communist, he is decidedly anti-Communist."<ref>http://www.americanthinker.com/printpage/?url=http://www.americanthinker.com/2009/10/when_fidel_castro_dictated_to.html</ref>

In an interview with [[Bill O'Reilly]] of Fox News, [[Ted Turner]], the atheist and liberal founder of CNN, denied that Fidel Castro's Stalinist regime ever killed anyone, as "that's never been proven." <ref>http://www.americanthinker.com/printpage/?url=http://www.americanthinker.com/2008/12/ted_turners_lies_about_cuba.html</ref>

CNN, which was the first foreign media network to obtain a Havana bureau, promoted Cuba's Healthcare as model for the U.S. While it did mention accusations of serious problems, nearly all of the report was positive.<ref>http://www.mrc.org/biasalert/2009/20090808024640.aspx</ref>

=====Vietnam War=====
The [[Vietnam War]], in which America was the victor in military battles, is perhaps the most manifest modern example of how propaganda affected the outcome of a war, with much of the mainstream media being an all too willing instrument of such, especially CBS News with [[Walter Cronkite]].

In an exchange during one of his liaison trips to Hanoi, Colonel Harry G. Summers, Jr. told his North Vietnamese counterpart, Colonel Tu, "You know, you never beat us on the battlefield," Colonel Tu responded, "That may be so, but it is also irrelevant."<ref>On Strategy: A Critical Analysis of the Vietnam War, Harry G. Summers</ref>

The Tet Offensive was portrayed by the New York liberal media as a defeat for the U.S., while in fact, it was an almost disastrous defeat for the North Vietnamese, as General Westmoreland and historians agree. The Viet Cong not only lost half of the 90,000 troops they had committed to battle, but it was virtually destroyed as an army.<ref>http://news-california.com/?p=700</ref>

British "Encounter" journalist Robert Elegant stated, <blockquote>
For the first time in modern history, the outcome of a war was determined not on the battlefield but on the printed page and television screens - never before Vietnam had the collective policy of the media sought, by graphic and unremitting distortion, the victory of the enemies of the correspondent's own side.<ref>[http://www.wellesley.edu/Polisci/wj/Vietnam/Readings/elegant.htm How to Lose A War: The Press and Viet Nam]; Encounter (London), vol. LVII, No. 2, August 1981, pp. 73-90</ref>
</blockquote>

Some journalists have admitted that their reporting was decidedly biased, and had profound effects on history. West German correspondent Uwe Siemon-Netto confessed, "Having covered the Viet Nam war over a period of five years for West German publications, I am now haunted by the role we journalists have played over there." In relation to not reporting the true nature of the Hanoi regime and its actions resulting from the American withdrawal, he asked,

What prompted us to make our readers believe that the Communists, once in power in all of Viet Nam, would behave benignly? What made us, first and foremost Anthony Lewis, belittle warnings by U.S. officials that a Communist victory would result in a massacre?... Are we journalists not in part responsible for the death of the tens of thousands who drowned? And are we not in part responsible for the hostile reception accorded to those who survive?...However, the media have been rather coy; they have not declared that they played a key role in the conflict. They have not proudly trumpeted Hanoi's repeated expressions of gratitude to the mass media of the non-Communist world, although Hanoi has indeed affirmed that it could not have won "without the Western press."<ref name="ReferenceA">Uwe Siemon-Netto in the International Herald Tribune, reprinted in Encounter, October 1979</ref>

''CBS Evening News with [[Walter Cronkite]]'' regularly carried news reports from its [[Moscow]] Bureau Chief, [[Bernard Redmont]]. When peace negotiations commenced with North Vietnam in Paris, Redmont became ''CBS News'' [[Paris]] Bureau Chief. What Redmont never reported during the ten year conflict was that he had been a [[KGB]] operative since the 1930s, and member of the notorious [[Silvermaster group]].<ref name="KGB file 43173 vol. 2 v pp. 46-55">[http://hnn.us/articles/11581.html KGB file 43173 vol. 2 (v) pp. 46-55], Alexander Vassiliev, Notes on A. Gorsky’s Report to Savchenko S.R., 23 December 1949. Original document from KGB Archives [http://www.johnearlhaynes.org/page46.html].</ref> Redmont was the only journalist to whom his fellow [[Comintern]] party member, and North Vietnamese chief negotiator, Mai Van Bo, granted an interview to bring the Communist point of view into American living rooms in what has been called "the living room war."

The single most explicit example of such biased reporting is typically seen to be the portrayal of the Tet offensive, as mentioned above, in which Western media was charged with inspiring and aiding the propaganda war of the communists.

Truong Nhu Tang, a founder of the National Liberation Front, and a minister of justice for the Viet Cong Provisional Revolutionary Government - one of the most determined adversaries of the US during the war - stated years later,
<blockquote>
The Tet Offensive proved catastrophic to our plans. It is a major irony of the Vietnam War that our propaganda transformed this debacle into a brilliant victory. The truth was that Tet cost us half our forces. Our losses were so immense that we were unable to replace them with new recruits. (Truong Nhu Tang, The New York Review, October 21, 1982)
</blockquote>
In addition to Cronkite's biased reporting, FBI documents obtained through a Freedom of Information Act request by Yahoo! News offer evidence that legendary CBS News anchor Walter Cronkite collaborated with anti-Vietnam War activists in the 1960s, going so far as to offer advice on how to raise the public profile of protests and even promising that CBS News would rent a helicopter to take liberal Senator Edmund Muskie to and from the site of an anti-war rally.<ref>http://news.yahoo.com/s/ynews/ynews_ts2067/print</ref>

==Liberal media outlets==

[[Image:Liberal Bias.png|none|500px]]
'''The following media outlets described below frequently display liberal bias:'''

* The [[Associated Press]]
* [[CBS]] News<ref>Townhall.com, [http://www.townhall.com/columnists/MarvinOlasky/2001/12/04/enabling_media_bias Enabling media bias], Marvin Olasky, December 4, 2001.</ref>
* The ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''
* [[MSNBC]]
* ''[[Newsweek]]''
* The ''[[New York Times]]''<ref>Reporters and editors today are overwhelmingly liberal politically, as studies of the attitudes of key members of the press have repeatedly shown. Should you doubt these findings, recall the statement of Daniel Okrent, then the public editor at the New York Times. Under the headline, "Is the New York times a Liberal Newspaper?," Mr. Okrent's first sentence was, "Of course it is." [http://www.opinionjournal.com/federation/feature/?id=110009203]</ref>
* The [[Public Broadcasting Service]]
=== Associated Press, The ===
In 2009, instead of pursuing major unanswered questions such as where the "stimulus" money was spent, the true nature of Obamacare's health care takeover costs, or US Army Major Hasan's terror associations, the Associated Press assigned 11 people to fact check all 432 pages of Sarah Palin's book ''Going Rogue.'' While the objective of good political journalism is to hold all public figures accountable, the AP did no fact checking of books by liberal politicians appearing at the same time such those by [[Joseph Biden|Joe Biden,]] [[Barack Obama]], [[Hillary Clinton|Hillary]] and [[Bill Clinton]], and the late Senator [[Ted Kennedy]].<ref>[http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/11/17/ap-turns-heads-devoting-reporters-palin-book-fact-check/ AP Turns Heads for Devoting 11 Reporters to Palin Book 'Fact Check', FoxNews, November 17, 2009]</ref>

===CBS News===

[[Image:Bio-pic.jpg|right|thumb|180px|[[Bernard Goldberg]]]]
CBS insider [[Bernard Goldberg]] wrote the definitive book on liberal bias in the media, simply entitled ''[[Bias (book)|Bias]]''.
*He asserts that an ''"inability to see liberal views as liberal views ... is at the heart of the entire problem."''
*He wrote: "[[Pauline Kael]], for years the brilliant film critic at the ''New Yorker'', was completely baffled about how [[Richard Nixon]] could have beaten [[George McGovern]] in 1972: 'Nobody I know voted for Nixon.' Never mind that Nixon carried 49 states. She wasn't kidding." <ref>(''Bias (book)'', page 222-223)</ref>

Goldberg also suggested liberals don't even see their liberal values as "liberal":
*"Their views on all the big social issues ... aren't liberal views at all. They're simply reasonable views, shared by all the reasonable people the media elites mingle with ..." <ref>(''Bias (book)'', page 222)</ref>

The ''CBS Evening News with [[Walter Cronkite]]'''s intervention with the Vietnam War is a classic example of liberal bias. For more details, [[Liberal bias#Vietnam War|see above]].

===Los Angeles Times, The===

The mainstream media, including the ''LA Times'', had been guilty of being silent regarding the [[John Edwards]] affair that the ''National Enquirer'' had broke in October 2007. The ''Enquirer'' followed up with a publication in December 2007. Then, in July 2008, the ''Enquirer'' had confronted Edwards at the Beverly Hilton hotel after he spent the entire day with his mistress. After Edwards admitted the affair on Friday, August 8, the [[mainstream media]] finally reported the [[scandal]], including the ''[[LA Times]]''. In an article titled "Mainstream media finally pounce on Edwards' affair", the LA Times declared that they had been pursuing the story prior to Friday.,<ref>[http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/news/tv/la-na-edwardsmedia9-2008aug09,0,7463269.story Mainstream media finally pounce on Edwards' affair] LA Times, August 9, 2008</ref> but they gave no excuse for hiding this from the American public. They have showed their true liberal bias by not reporting the story earlier, then making an attempt to further fool the public by saying they were pursuing the story, when in fact 10 months had lapsed. Plus, nowhere in the article does it mention that Edwards is a Democrat. To the credit of the ''LA Times'', they do mention that Democratic Party strategists say Edwards needs to address the story, at the very bottom of the article. Protection of fellow [[liberal]] [[Democrats]] by the ''LA Times'' is more important than being an honest news organization.

===MSNBC===

While it is well known that MSNBC's [[Keith Olbermann]] is the most viciously liberal voice to host a news program within the mainstream media, he usually tones down his anti-conservative, anti-Republican vitriol when anchoring special events like election results. But during MSNBC’s coverage of the [[Massachusetts]] special Senate election, Olbermann's presentation was more rabidly partisan than if the Democratic National Committee itself were producing the show.<ref>[http://www.mrc.org/biasalert/2010/20100120084741.aspx Olbermann Renews 'Teabagging' Attack on Scott Brown, Cuts His Victory Speech]</ref>

===New York Times, The===

Peter D. Feaver of the ''[[Boston Globe]]'' noted on the sixth anniversary of the [[September 11, 2001 attacks|September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks]] that [[MoveOn.org]] ran a full-page advertisement in the ''[[New York Times]]'' accusing General [[David Petraeus]] of activities befitting a traitor. The advertisement alleges, without [[evidence]], that Petraeus would not give an honest, professional assessment of [[Operation Iraqi Freedom]]. Feaver noted, "The MoveOn.org ad is vicious ... a deliberate attack on the senior Army commander, in a major daily newspaper, with the intention of destroying as much of his [[credibility]] as possible...part of an elaborate effort to undermine public support for the [[Iraq war]], and was foreshadowed by an unnamed [[Democratic]] senator who told a reporter, 'No one wants to call [Petraeus] a liar on national TV . . . The expectation is that the outside groups will do this for us.' The effort is funded by powerful [[special interest]]s, and has all the trappings of a major political campaign."<ref>[http://www.boston.com/news/globe/editorial_opinion/oped/articles/2007/09/11/moveons_mccarthy_moment/ MoveOn's McCarthy moment], By Peter D. Feaver, ''Boston Globe'', September 11, 2007.</ref> Within a day it was discovered the ''New York Times'' gave MoveOn.org a “hefty discount” for its ad questioning Petraeus’ integrity. According to the director of public relations for the ''New York Times'', “the open rate for an ad of that size and type is $181,692.” A spokesman for MoveOn.org confirmed that the [[liberal activist group]] paid only $65,000 for the ad - a reduction of more than $116,000 from the stated rate.<ref>[http://www.nypost.com/seven/09132007/news/nationalnews/times_gives_lefties_a_hefty_di.htm Time Gives Lefties a Hefty Discount for "Betray us" Ad], Charles Hurt, ''New York Post'', September 13, 2007.</ref>
In July 2008, the New York Times rejected an opinion piece written by [[John McCain]], which was responding to earlier piece written by [[Barack Obama]].<ref>http://elections.foxnews.com/2008/07/21/mccain-campaign-says-new-york-times-blocked-op-ed-response-to-obama/</ref> This came after the New York Times had previously published at least seven op-ed pieces by [[McCain]] since 1996, and endorsed him in the 2008 Republican Presidential primaries. The reason the New York Times cited for the July 2008 rejection was that they were asking the McCain campaign to provide a more substantive piece which would contrast his positions with the details of the Obama piece on a point-by-point basis.<ref>http://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/07/21/the-times-and-the-mccain-op-ed/</ref>

===Newsweek Magazine===

Seen as perhaps the most liberal weekly news magazine, ''[[Newsweek]]'' merged in 2010 with the ultra-liberal ''Daily Beast'', and often impugns evangelical Christianity. As far back as April 8, 1996, a ''Newsweek'' article promoted skepticism concerning the resurrection of Christ, presenting various theories countering the Biblical record,<ref>Rethinking The Resurrection, by Kenneth L. Woodward, Apr 8, 1996</ref> and the transformational results of faith in such,<ref>[http://www.cbn.com/700club/features/amazing]</ref> while failing to provide scholarly evangelical responses which refute their theories.<ref>[http://www.tektonics.org/TK-J.html See under Jesus-Resurrection]</ref><ref>[http://www.ankerberg.com/Articles/_PDFArchives/theological-dictionary/TD1W0401.pdf Alternate Theories of the Resurrection of Jesus Christ— Part Two]</ref><ref>[http://www.leaderu.com/offices/billcraig/docs/bodily.html The Bodily Resurrection of Jesus Dr. William Lane Craig]</ref>

Insidious attempts to marginalize evangelical Christianity continue to be replicated, most recently with the article by editor Jon Meacham (who recently compared President Obama to being like God) writing "The End of Christian America" (Apr 4, 2009), in which he opined that it was "a good thing" that America was "less influenced by movements and arguments of an explicitly Christian character than they were even five years ago."

In addition, on Nov. 13, 2006, ''Newsweek'' featured an article by [[atheist]] Sam Harris, who sees Christianity as "incompatible with genuine morality",<ref>A Case Against Faith, ''Newsweek'', Nov. 13, 2006</ref> based upon his own objectively baseless and mutable moral authority.<ref>[http://peacebyjesus.witnesstoday.org/Atheism1.html Atheism versus Christ]</ref>

As noted by Don Feder<ref>[http://www.donfeder.com/articles/0611GodComplex.pdf In culture war, Newsweek tells evangelicals – bring the troops home, November 27, 2006]</ref> in response to a ''Newsweek'' article titled “America’s God Complex – Like George W. Bush, The Religious Right Is At The Crossroads”<ref>November 13, 2006</ref> Newsweek advocates a faith that does not take moral stands or become involved in changing moral policy.

Consistent with this ethos, Newsweek proactively attacked historical Biblical morality in regards to [[homosexuality and biblical interpretation]],<ref>“Our Mutual Joy", Dec 15, 2008 by religion editor Lisa Miller</ref> which attempts have resulted in extensive refutation by evangelical scholars and writers.<ref>[http://www.robgagnon.net/NewsweekMillerHomosexResp.htm More than “Mutual Joy”: Lisa Miller of Newsweek against Scripture and Jesus]</ref><ref>[http://peacebyjesus.witnesstoday.org/Homosex_versus_the_Bible.html Homosexual relations and the Bible]</ref><ref>[http://www.albertmohler.com/blog_read.php?id=2881 Turning the Bible on its Head -- Newsweek Goes for Gay Marriage]</ref>

===Public Broadcasting Service===

The taxpayer-funded Public Broadcasting Service has become a left-leaning channel for the liberal viewpoint. This despite the 1985 rule that all PBS shows must be "noncommercial, nonpartisan and nonsectarian." Their tax-subsidized programming includes celebrating [[lesbian]]-feminist choirs, “transgender” riots, and a liberal teenager fighting against [[abstinence]] education. As part of its wave of secular fundamentalism, PBS celebrates even late-term abortionists with a fanaticism. The PBS show ''NOW'' was devoted to smearing the pro-life movement as terrorists.<ref>[http://www.pbs.org/now/shows/524/index.html Abortion Providers Under Siege] PBS, June 12, 2009</ref> In a fake display of following the rules, 300-plus PBS stations have been instructed to avoid any kind of religious programming.

===Other liberally biased outlets and media figures===

* [[ABC]] News
* [[BBC]] News
* The ''Boston Globe''
* [[The Daily Show]]
* The ''Daily Wrap'' news radio show, with Michael Castner
* The [[Guardian (UK)]]
* [[NBC]] News
* [[Michael Moore|Moore, Michael]], documentary film maker
* [[PZ Myers]], professor and blogger
* [[Dan Rather]], former news anchor<ref>During a phone conversation, [[Bernard Goldberg]] asked him, "What do you consider the ''New York Times''? Rather answered, "Middle of the road." (''[[Bias (book)|Bias]]'', page 221)</ref>
* [[Real Time]] with [[Bill Maher]]
* [[Univision]], openly anti-Trump
* The [[Washington Post]]

==Presidential coverage==

Many conservative and a few liberal commentators have remarked on the seeming extraordinary favor shown toward Barack Obama during his candidacy, and presidency.<ref>Dan Gainor, ''ONE YEAR LATER: Journalists' Love for Obama Still Going Strong'', FOXNews.com November 06, 2009</ref> A 2008 comprehensive analysis conducted by the Media Research Center<ref>[http://www.mrc.org/SpecialReports/2008/obama/obama.asp]</ref> of every evening news report by the NBC, ABC and CBS television networks showed that positive stories about Obama since he came to national prominence outnumbered negative stories 7 to 1.<ref>[http://www.worldnetdaily.com/index.php?fa=PAGE.view&pageId=72914 Study: ABC, NBC, CBS strongly support Obama August 20, 2008]</ref> During the President's candidacy, MSNBC ''Hardball'' host Chris Matthews stated, "Yeah, well, you know what? I want to do everything I can to make this thing work, this new presidency work,..."

In November 2008, Mark Halperin of ''Time'' and ABC News criticized the media coverage of the 2008 presidential race, stating "It's the most disgusting failure of people in our business since the Iraq war." and "It was extreme bias, extreme pro-Obama coverage."<ref>[http://blogs.abcnews.com/politicalpunch/2008/11/halperin-decrie.html Political Punch, November 24, 2008 8:06 AM]</ref>

''Newsweek'' editor Evan Thomas is seen by some to confirm the lack of objectivity and tendency to give undue exaltation they see the mainstream media often displaying toward the new leader of the United States. Referring to his perception of the President after his recent speeches overseas, Thomas stated

"I mean, in a way Obama's standing above the country, above the world. He's sort of God."<ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=37B_nOdRTAA June 5, 2009, MSNBC interview with Chris Matthews]</ref>

== Liberal media - apostles of atheism ==

''See also:'' [[Atheism and the media]] and [[Atheism and public relations]] and [[Atheism and politics]]

The Media Research Center released a study in 2008 reporting pro-[[atheism]] bias by major press outlets in the [[United States]].<ref name="youtube.com">[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fTxORumTarg "Smoking gun proof that there is an atheist media bias"] (July 17, 2008). YouTube video, 2:56, posted by Atheism Sucks! Retrieved on July 25, 2014.</ref> The study found that 80% of mainstream media coverage of atheism was positive and that 71% of Christian-themed stories had an atheist counterpoint or were written from an atheist perspective.<ref name="youtube.com"/>

==Liberal bias in education==
[[Education]] in [[America]], especially at its higher levels, is typically seen by conservatives as promoting liberalism and helping to promote [[moral decline]]. A most egregious example is the continued use of ''A People's History of the United States'', by [[Howard Zinn]], which is a radical [[left-wing]] revision of history. Zinn explicitly stated that "objectivity is impossible and it is also undesirable," as he advocated and practiced making the writing of history a polemic for change.

Liberals are evidenced to make up a disproportionate amount of college faculty. A study showed that 50% of American college faculty identified themselves as [[Democrats]] and only 11% as [[Republicans]] (with 33% being [[Independent]], and 5% identifying themselves with another party). 72% described themselves as "to the left of center," including 18% who were strongly left. Only 15% described themselves as right of center, including only 3% who were "strongly right."<ref name="American Academic Study Survey 1999">North American Academic Study Survey (NAASS) of students, faculty and administrators at colleges and universities in the United States and Canada 1999. The Berkeley Electronic Press</ref><ref>http://www.bepress.com/forum/vol3/iss1/art2</ref><ref>http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/17963/liberal_bias_in_our_schools.html</ref> When they are in the faculty they then discriminate against the hiring of conservative professors.<ref>http://www.baylorpress.com/Book/235/Compromising_Scholarship.html</ref>

This liberal bias has even made its way to subjects that make up the very heart of America: [[The Constitution]], and [[Christianity]]. Their venerable age no longer protects them from being criticized in the light of modern exigencies. Moreover, in this view the first duty laid upon the State is to guarantee the economic well-being of the individual citizens. Hence it is judged from the practical standpoint and according to general principles based on the idea of economic returns. The chief representatives of this theory of the State are to be found among the average American socialist, especially our liberal Democrats.

Research on the political leanings of their university professors by members of The George Washington University Chapter of Young America’s Foundation (GWYAF) found substantial liberal bias in the academy. The school’s faculty gave 92 percent of their political donations ($221,490) to Democratic candidates versus only 8 percent ($20,500) to Republicans in the 2008 primary election. Consistent with this, in the presidential election the ratio was 91 percent to 9 percent.

Similarly, the ratio of Yale faculty donations in the 2004 presidential election between Kerry and Bush was 150:3. The ratio at Princeton was 114:1, and at Harvard, 406:13.<ref>http://www.academia.org/george-washington-slanted-here/</ref>

Law professor Richard D. Parker, after 35 years at [[Harvard University]], noted, "On this faculty, there are around 100 professors or assistant professors, and of that 100, I think you’d have to estimate there would be maybe eight registered Republicans... I’m a registered Independent…and there’s no one else in the 100 who would identify as a populist."<ref>http://www.academia.org/harvard-still-hates-america</ref>

Textbooks used in schools of all ages have also been exposed as promoting a decidedly liberal bias against the nation of Israel.<ref>[http://www.academia.org/textbook-bias-against-israel]</ref> A landmark book called ''The Trouble with Textbooks'', by Dr. Gary A. Tobin and Dennis R. Ybarra, described results of a comprehensive study they conducted of the 28 most widely used Social Studies textbooks in the United States. The researchers found that U.S. textbooks often contain "repeated misrepresentations that cross the line into bigotry.” Examples included Jesus being called a [[Palestinian]], Islam being "treated with a devotional tone in some textbooks, less detached and analytical than it ought to be. Muslim beliefs are described in several instances as fact, without any clear qualifier such as 'Muslims believe...'" The Islamic empire of the Middle Ages was presented as “a time of unqualified glory without blemishes”, while various aspects of the wars of Arab states against Israel were misrepresented.

In the glossary of one book, ''World History: Continuity and Change'', the entry on the Ten Commandments skeptically describes them as "Moral laws Moses '''claimed''' to have received from the Hebrew G-d Y-hweh on Mount Sinai," while the very same glossary states the [[Qu'ran]] is a "Holy Book of Islam containing revelations received by Muhammad from G-d.”<ref>http://www.israelnationalnews.com/SendMail.aspx?print=print&type=0&item=127797</ref>

One textbook publisher, ''Teachers Curriculum Institute'', has agreed to rewrite its unit on the Middle East after being challenged, and consulting many scholars. The San Francisco-based Jewish Community Relations Council found that the textbooks were so filled with inaccuracies and biased that they should not be used.<ref>San Francisco Jewish Community Publications, Friday, February 13, 2004</ref>

Professor Larry Schweikart notes that most textbooks tend to come from New York, Boston, Washington and Philadelphia, all liberal bastions. As concerns American history, Schweikart sees the "Reagan test" as a consistent indicator of whether a book is politically slanted. The majority of books he has examined credit former Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev with ending the Cold War, while marginalizing Reagan.<ref>[http://liveshots.blogs.foxnews.com/2010/03/11/president-reagan-gets-the-shaft-in-textbooks/print/ Fox News, March 11, 2010]</ref>

==Conservative opposition to liberal bias==
[[Ann Coulter]] wrote:
"To obscure the overwhelming liberal dominance of the media, the few designated media '[[conservatives]]' are cited tirelessly in testimonies to the [[ideological]] diversity in the nation's [[newsroom]]s. Democrats in the media are [[editors]], national [[correspondent]]s, [[news anchor]]s, and [[reporter]]s. Republicans in the media are 'from the right' [[polemic]]ists grudgingly tolerated within the liberal behemoth. Republican views must be accompanied by a conspicuous warning: '[[Partisan]] Conservative Opinion Coming!' [[Neutral]] news slots are reserved for Democrats exclusively. 'Balance' is created by having a liberal host a debate between a liberal and a moderate Republican."<ref>''[[Slander (book)|]]'', P. 60</ref>

In June 2009, [[Republican]]s in the House of Representatives created the Media Caucus to fight the Democrat-aligned media propaganda.

==Left-wing defense of liberal bias==

The managing editor of ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' Magazine dismissed the need for [[objectivity]] altogether, saying:

:"I have felt that we have to actually say, ‘We have a point of view about something and we feel strongly about it, we just have to be assertive about it and say it positively.'"<ref>[http://newsbusters.org/blogs/jeff-poor/2008/04/22/time-editor-objective-journalism-fantasy-justifies-greening-iwo-jima-phot Time Editor: Objective Journalism a 'Fantasy']</ref>

A ''Boston Globe'' editor, Peter Accardi, adamantly proclaimed that he would not publish reader's replies in the Globe's Letters to the Editor critical of homosexuality, erroneously equating such with racism:

:"I won't run any letter that promotes bigotry against any group. You'd be surprised how many anti-Semitic letters we get, but not one will see the light of day on a letters page I handle. Same with anti-black, anti-Italian, etc."<ref>http://www.cultureandfamily.org/articledisplay.asp?id=4324&department=CFI&categoryid=cfreport</ref>

Note the convoluted logic which assumes that any criticism of the behavior of members of a group must be due to "bigotry," which is itself a bigoted attack on the critics designed to prevent any consideration of the principles or facts supporting their arguments.

==Left-wing denial of liberal bias==

''New York Times'' publisher Arthur O. Sulzberger Jr. has denied that the ''New York Times'' has a liberal viewpoint and has stated the ''New York Times'' has an "urban" viewpoint.<ref name="nytimes.com">http://www.nytimes.com/2004/07/25/weekinreview/25bott.html?ei=5088&en=452926dcb11511a3&ex=1248667200&pagewanted=all&position=</ref> However, in the summer of 2004, the newspaper's then public editor (ombudsman), Daniel Okrent, published a piece on the ''Times''' liberal bias and cited the example of their coverage of [[Homosexuality and Marriage|homosexual marriage]].<ref name="nytimes.com"/><ref>http://www.cnsnews.com/facts/2007/facts2007914.asp</ref> Although the ''New York Times'' has a particularly heavy bias when it comes to the [[homosexuality]] issue, the ''New York Times'' is not unusual in regards to the media having a liberal bias when it comes to the subject of homosexuality; see [[Homosexuality in the Media]]. [[John Stossel]] is an author, consumer reporter, and a co-anchor for the [[ABC|ABC News]] show [[20/20]]. [[Cybercast News Service]] states the following regarding regarding the influence of the ''New York Times'' and ''[[Washington Post]]'':
{{cquote|While the newspapers reach only a fraction of people compared to the television networks, he said radio and television producers rely heavily on their contents.

"The reason the Times, and to a lesser extent the Post, are so important, and they are, is because the TV and radio - all of the media - copy it sycophantically," he [John Stossel] said. "That's how bias at the ''Times'' becomes bias in other media."<ref>http://www.cnsnews.com/ViewCulture.asp?Page=/Culture/archive/200401/CUL20040128a.html</ref>}}

==Statistical data==

In 2008, John Perazzo, writing in FrontPageMagazine.com, presented major research findings <ref>[http://www.frontpagemag.com/readArticle.aspx?ARTID=32928 In the Tank: A Statistical Analysis of Media Bias By John Perazzo FrontPageMagazine.com | Friday, October 31, 2008]</ref><ref>[http://www.mrc.org/biasbasics/pdf/BiasBasics.pdf Mostly from Media Research Center, The Liberal Media Exposed]</ref> regarding the underlying beliefs of news media professionals.

* Between 90 and 97 percent of news media professionals have consistently affirmed themselves to be pro-choice on the matter of abortion, with more than half of the respondents agreeing that abortion should be legal under any and all circumstances.<ref>Robert Lichter and Stanley Rothman’s 1981 survey of 240 journalists at top media outlets; Los Angeles Times 1985 survey of 2,700 journalists at 621 American newspapers; Robert Lichter and Stanley Rothman’s 1986 study of the media’s attitudes and their influence on society, as published in the National Federation for Decency’s Journal; Indiana University journalism professors David Weaver and G. Cleveland Wilhoit’s 1992 survey of 1,410 newspaper, magazine, television, and radio journalists; Stanley Rothman and Amy Black’s 1995 study of the media elite.</ref>
* Between 6 and 8 percent attended religious services regularly, a tiny fraction of the corresponding rate for the public at large.<ref>Robert Lichter and Stanley Rothman’s 1986 study of the media’s attitudes and their influence on society, Op. cit.; David Weaver and G. Cleveland Wilhoit’s 1992 survey of 1,410 journalists, Op. cit.; Annenberg Public Policy Center and Annenberg Foundation Trust’s 2005 survey of 673 journalists from newspapers, television, magazines, radio, and Internet; Pew Research Center’s 2008 survey of 222 journalists and news executives.</ref>
* Fully 81 percent of news media professionals favor affirmative action in business and academia.<ref name="ReferenceB">Los Angeles Times 1985 survey of 2,700 journalists at 621 American newspapers, Op. cit.</ref>
* More than half of respondents said that adultery could be acceptable under certain circumstances; only 15 percent said it was always wrong.<ref name="ReferenceC">Robert Lichter and Stanley Rothman’s 1981 survey of 240 journalists at top media outlets, Op. cit.</ref>
* Between 67 and 76 percent were opposed to prayer being permitted in public schools.<ref>Los Angeles Times 1985 survey of 2,700 journalists at 621 American newspapers; Journalist and Financial Reporting’s 1988 poll of 151 business reporters from 30 major publications.</ref>
* In 1964, 94 percent of media professionals voted for Democrat Lyndon Johnson over Republican Barry Goldwater.<ref name="ReferenceC"/>
* In 1968, 86 percent voted for Democrat Hubert Humphrey over Republican Richard Nixon.<ref>Ibid.</ref>
* In 1972, 81 percent voted for Democrat George McGovern over the incumbent Nixon.<ref>Ibid.</ref>
* In 1976, 81 percent voted for Democrat Jimmy Carter over Republican Gerald Ford.<ref>Ibid.</ref>
* In 1980, twice as many cast their ballots for Carter rather than Republican Ronald Reagan.<ref>California State University survey of reporters from the 50 largest U.S. newspapers.</ref>
* In 1984, 58 percent supported Democrat Walter Mondale, whom Reagan defeated in the biggest landslide in presidential election history.<ref name="ReferenceB"/>
* In 1988, White House correspondents from various major newspapers, television networks, magazines, and news services supported Democrat Michael Dukakis over Republican George H.W. Bush by a ratio of 12-to-1.<ref>U.S. News & World Report writer Kenneth Walsh’s 1995 study of 28 White House correspondents.</ref>
* In the 1992 Presidential election, among Washington bureau chiefs and congressional correspondents, the disparity was 89 percent vs. 7 percent, in Clinton’s favor over the incumbent Bush.<ref>1996 Freedom Forum survey of 139 Washington bureau chiefs and congressional correspondents, Op. cit.</ref>
* All told, White House correspondents during the late ’80s and early ’90s voted for Democrats at 7 times the rate at which they voted for Republicans.<ref>U.S. News & World Report writer Kenneth Walsh’s 1995 study of 28 White House correspondents, Op. cit.</ref>
* In a 2004, poll of campaign journalists, those based outside of Washington, D.C., supported Democrat John Kerry over Republican George W. Bush by a ratio of 3-to-1. Those based inside the Beltway favored Kerry by a 12-to-1 ratio<ref>.New York Times columnist John Tierney’s 2004 survey of 153 campaign journalists covering the 2004 Democratic National Convention in Boston, Massachusetts.</ref>
* In a 2004 nationwide poll of 300 newspaper and television journalists, 52 percent supported Kerry, while 19 percent supported Bush.<ref>University of Connecticut Department of Public Policy’s 2005 survey of 300 television and newspaper journalists nationwide.</ref>
* In a 2008 survey of 144 journalists nationwide, journalists were 8 times likelier to make campaign contributions to Democrats than to Republicans.<ref>MSNBC investigative reporter Bill Dedman’s study of the campaign contributions of 144 journalists.</ref>
* A 2008 Investors Business Daily study put the campaign donation ratio at 11.5-to-1, in favor of Democrats. In terms of total dollars given, the ratio was 15-to-1.<ref>William Tate’s July 2008 report in Investor’s Business Daily.</ref>

*In a 1988 survey of business reporters, 54 percent of respondents identified themselves as Democrats, 9 percent as Republicans.<ref>Journalist and Financial Reporting’s 1988 poll of 151 business reporters, Op. cit.</ref>
* In a 1992 poll of journalists working for newspapers, magazines, radio, and television, 44 percent called themselves Democrats, 16 percent Republicans.<ref>David Weaver and G. Cleveland Wilhoit’s 1992 survey of 1,410 journalists, Op. cit.</ref>
* In a 1996 poll of 1,037 reporters at 61 newspapers, 61 percent identified themselves as Democrats, 15 percent as Republicans.<ref>American Society of Newspaper editors 1996 survey of 1,037 reporters at 61 newspapers of all sizes nationwide.</ref>
* In a 2001 Kaiser Family Foundation poll, media professionals were nearly 7 times likelier to call themselves Democrats rather than Republicans<ref>.Kaiser Family Foundation 1996 poll of 301 “media professionals,” 300 “policymakers,” and 1,206 members of the general public.</ref>
* In a 1981 study of 240 journalists nationwide, 65 percent identified themselves as liberals, 17 percent as conservatives.<ref>Robert Lichter and Stanley Rothman’s 1986 study of the media’s attitudes and their influence on society, Op. cit.</ref>
* In a 1983 study of news reporters, executives, and staffers, 32 percent identified themselves as liberals, 11 percent as conservatives.<ref>David Weaver and G. Cleveland Wilhoit’s 1982-83 study of more than 1,000 reporters, executives, and staffers nationwide.</ref>
* In a 1992 study of more than 1,400 journalists, 44 percent identified themselves as liberals, 22 percent as conservatives.<ref>David Weaver and G. Cleveland Wilhoit’s 1992 survey of 1,410 journalists, Op. cit.</ref>
* In a 1996 study of Washington bureau chiefs and congressional correspondents, 61 percent identified themselves as liberals, 9 percent as conservatives.<ref>1996 Freedom Forum survey of 139 Washington bureau chiefs and congressional correspondents, Op. cit.</ref>
* In a 1996 study of 1,037 journalists, the respondents identified themselves as liberals 4 times more frequently than as conservatives. Among journalists working for newspapers with circulations exceeding 50,000, the ratio of liberals to conservatives was 5.4 to 1.<ref>American Society of Newspaper editors 1996 survey, Op. cit.</ref>
* In a 2001 Kaiser Family Foundation study of media professionals, the ratio of self-identified liberals to conservatives was 4.2 to 1.<ref>Kaiser Family Foundation 1996 poll of 301 “media professionals,” 300 “policymakers,” and 1,206 members of the general public, Op. cit.</ref>
* In a 2004 Pew Research Center study of journalists and media executives, the ratio of self-identified liberals to conservatives was 4.9 to 1.<ref>Pew Research Center 2004 poll of 547 journalists and media executives, including 247 at national-level media outlets.</ref>
* In a 2005 University of Connecticut study of 300 journalists, the liberal-to-conservative ratio was 2.8 to 1.<ref>University of Connecticut Department of Public Policy’s 2005 survey of 300 television and newspaper journalists nationwide, Op. cit.</ref>
* In a 2005 Annenberg Public Policy Center poll of nearly 700 journalists, the liberal-to-conservative ratio was 3.4 to 1.<ref>Annenberg Public Policy Center and Annenberg Foundation Trust’s 2005 survey of 673 journalists, Op. cit.</ref>
* In a 2007 Pew Research Center study of journalists and news executives, the ratio was 4 liberals for each conservative.<ref>Pew Research Center’s 2007 survey of 222 journalists and news executives at national outlets.</ref>

A similar landmark study was conducted in 1990, examining the political leanings of the individuals, rather than the organizations, who were most often cited or quoted as experts on various topics in the news. The examination showed that on the subject of welfare and related issues, liberal experts were quoted 75 percent of the time, conservatives 22 percent. On consumer issues, the liberal-conservative ratio was 63 percent to 22 percent. On environmental issues, the ratio was 79 percent to 18 percent. And regarding nuclear energy, the ratio was 77 percent to 20 percent.<ref>Robert Lichter, Stanley Rothman, and Linda Lichter, The Media Elite: America’s New Power Brokers (New York: Hastings House, 1990).</ref>

The decidedly liberal majority in news media is similar to that seen in American colleges and faculty, which most journalists were influenced by. A major study showed that 50% of American college faculty identified themselves as Democrats and 11% as Republicans (with 33% being Independent, and 5% identifying themselves with another party). 72% described themselves as "to the left of center," including 18% who were strongly left. Only 15% described themselves as right of center, including only 3% who were "strongly right."<ref name="American Academic Study Survey 1999"/><ref>[http://montages.blogspot.com/2005/04/conservatives-underrepresented-in.html Conservatives: Underrepresented in Academia?]</ref>

== Liberal American entertainment industry, bestiality and other sexual immorality ==
[[File:NBC Tower.jpg|thumbnail|200px|[[LifeSiteNews]] reported: "In 46 hours of programming, NBC contained only one reference to marital sex, but 11 references to non-marital sex and one reference to [[adultery]] were made. References to incest, pedophilia, partner swapping, prostitution, threesomes, transsexuals/transvestites, [[bestiality]], and necrophilia combined outnumbered references to sex in marriage on NBC by a ratio of 27 to 1."<ref name="lifesitenews.com">[http://www.lifesitenews.com/news/archive/ldn/2008/aug/08080602 Study Finds TV Treats Marital Sex as Burdensome, Adultery as Positive]</ref> See also: [[Liberalism and bestiality]] ]]
''See also:'' [[Liberalism and bestiality]] and [[Liberal American entertainment industry and bestiality]]

=== American Television and bestiality ===

On August 6, 2008 [[LifeSiteNews]] reported:
{{cquote|The Parents Television Council released a new study, ''Happily Never After: How Hollywood Favors [[Adultery]] and [[Promiscuity]] Over Marital Intimacy on Prime Time Broadcast Television'', which revealed that broadcast networks depict sex in the context of marriage as either non-existent or burdensome, while showing positive depictions of extra-marital or adulterous sexual relationships with alarming frequency....

According to the PTC study, some of the once-taboo-for-TV sexual behaviors that are now found on prime time television include threesomes, partner swapping, pedophilia, necrophilia, bestiality, and sex with prostitutes...

In 46 hours of programming, [[NBC]] contained only one reference to marital sex, but 11 references to non-marital sex and one reference to adultery were made.

References to incest, pedophilia, partner swapping, prostitution, threesomes, transsexuals/transvestites, [[bestiality]], and necrophilia combined outnumbered references to sex in marriage on NBC by a ratio of 27 to 1.<ref name="lifesitenews.com">[http://www.lifesitenews.com/news/archive/ldn/2008/aug/08080602 Study Finds TV Treats Marital Sex as Burdensome, Adultery as Positive]</ref>}}

== See also ==

*[[Credibility]]
*[[Anti-Defamation League]]
*[[Previous Breaking News/Liberal bias|Examples of liberal bias from previous "Breaking News" articles]]
*[[More News/Liberal Bias|Articles about '''Liberal Bias''' from "More News"]]
*[[Homosexuality and the Media]]
*[[Conservative Links]]
*[[Professor values]]
*[[Journalistic malpractice]]
*[[Anti-Conservative bias]]
*[[Media hypocrisy]]

{{Examples of liberal bias}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==

*[http://www.mediaresearch.org/biasbasics/biasbasics2admissions.asp Media Bias Basics] - Admissions of Liberal Bias
*[http://www.ihatethemedia.com IHateTheMedia.com] - Pointing out Liberal Bias daily
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=fH5H492nmtMC&pg=PA271&lpg=PA271&dq=newsweek+war+against+christianity&source=bl&ots=x8qHuakjQh&sig=sDfIvPwS9893hYoJVO8Tfz8DDrE&hl=en&ei=jUY6SrCIG9G_twfgg6HjDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4#PPP1,M1 Persecution, By David Limbaugh]

{{liberalism}}
[[Category:Deceit]]
[[Category:Liberalism]]
[[Category:Anti Second Amendment]]

Objectivism

2017-01-17T13:44:51Z

OneNation:

'''Objectivism''' (Latin ''ob-'' out of and ''iacio'' I am throwing, and Greek '''-ισμος''' or ''-ismos'' the doing of a thing) is a school of philosophy developed by [[Ayn Rand]] that holds that things in the natural world exist independently of anyone's perception of them or efforts (or lack of effort) to understand them. Objectivism also holds that ''nothing'' is provably real that one cannot ''demonstrate'' independently of one person's perception of it.

In practice, objectivism is an [[atheist]]ic ideology that promotes economic "law of the jungle" and demands an unlimited right to [[abortion]]. [[Ayn Rand]], the founder of objectivism, referred to [[pro-life]] position as "vicious nonsense" and that "to oppose [abortion of an unwanted pregnancy] is to advocate sacrifice, not for the sake of anyone’s benefit, but for the sake of misery qua misery, for the sake of forbidding happiness and fulfillment to living human beings."<ref>http://aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/abortion.html</ref><ref>[http://www.breitbart.com/big-journalism/2012/08/20/paul-ryan-ayn-rand-abortion-liberal-dishonesty/ Breitbart article discussing Ayn Rand's support of a right to abortion]</ref>

== History of Objectivism ==
Objectivism as a formal discipline began with [[Ayn Rand]], a Russian-born émigrée to the United States. Ayn Rand attended The University of Petrograd where she studied philosophy and history. She graduated in 1924. In her work, showed more than a passing familiarity with the great philosophers of ancient Western civilization. The ancient philosopher she respected the most was [[Aristotle]].

By far the most complete expression of Objectivism in a single volume is in her novel, and most famous work, ''[[Atlas Shrugged]]''.<ref name=Atlas>Rand, Ayn. ''[[Atlas Shrugged]]''. New York: Random House Publishers, 1957, 1168 pages, cloth. ISBN 0394415760</ref> However, her philosophy found expression in innumerable essays, whichwere published in a number of newsletters and magazines that she edited from time to time, primarily ''The Objectivist Newsletter'', ''The Objectivist'', and ''The Ayn Rand Letter'', many of which have no been collected in ''The Letters of Ayn Rand''.<ref>Rang, Berliner and Peikoff (1997), '''The Letters of Ayn Rand''', Plume Publishing</ref> Many of her working notes have also been collated, edited and published in ''The Journals of Ayn Rand''.<ref>Rand, Peikoff and Harriman (1999), '''The Journals of Ayn Rand''', Plume Publishing</ref> These compilations have made it far easier for the aspiring student of philosophy to gain insight not only into Rand's revolutionary philosophy, but also into the formation of the philosophy, the question she asked and avenues she explored.

During her life she attracted as dedicated following of students, including such names as the former chairmen of the Federal Reserve, Alan Greenspan, Nathaniel Branden, a leading psychotherapist, the writer, Barbara Branden, and Leonard Peikoff, who went on to become a leading philosopher in his own right.

Since her death in 1982, other students of hers, most notably [[Leonard Peikoff]] have continued to support the development and study of Objectivism through the Ayn Rand Institute, as well as through editing and publishing Rand's own works that would otherwise have been lost or hard to study. The Atlas Society performs a similar function, and counts Nathan Branden amongst its most influential thinkers.

The current proponents of Objectivism engage in a self-centered [[nihilism]] that is devoid of [[benevolence]] towards one's fellow human being outside of, perhaps, one's own kin and those who are, for the moment, conveniently beneficial to be associated with. In the [[social media]] era, this might amount to one's "social network" or one's [[Facebook]] "friends" or email contact list or such. This is perhaps most clearly demonstrated by the many episodes where [[Jimmy Wales]] displayed no loyalty towards those who often work for his projects for years without pay, only to be sloughed off as if these were the skin of a serpent the moment they express any reservation about his current plans or otherwise become any sort of political liability. Examples in Essjay, Rachel Marsden, Dr. James Heilman and many others.{{fact}}

== The Fundamental Tenets of Objectivism ==
Objectivism attempts to be a "unified theory of everything worth thinking about." As such it addresses prominent issues in [[metaphysics]], [[epistemology]], [[ethics]], [[Political philosophy]], and [[aesthetics]].

=== The Central Axiom and its Corollaries ===
Objectivism starts with a simple [[axiom]]: ''existence exists'',<ref name=Atlas/> often summed up as the intentionally tautologous 'A=A'. To grasp that axiom is to realize two other, corollary axioms:

# Something exists that someone perceives.<ref name=Atlas/>
# Someone exists who possesses ''consciousness'', which is the faculty of perceiving what exists.<ref name=Atlas/>

=== Metaphysical Axioms and Theorems ===
Objectivism continues with a number of other corollaries:

# A is A.<ref name=Atlas/> This is also known as the Law of Identity and suggests a similar law in [[formal logic]]. But more than that, the Law of Identity holds that A has certain properties, or ''attributes'', that distinguish it incontrovertibly from B or C. If a thing has no attributes, then it is a nonentity—it does not and cannot exist.
# Consciousness exists—the Law of Consciousness. But consciousness implies something independent of consciousness. What one perceives, one does not invent—and furthermore, a thing exists whether one perceives it or not.

From these axioms, several [[theorem]]s necessarily follow, among them the [[Law of Non-Contradiction]]. Aristotle stated it thus: "the same attribute cannot at the same time belong and not belong to the same subject in the same respect." Objectivism states it more simply: ''contradictions do not exist.'' Therefore, if one encounters a contradiction, one should check the assumptions he has made, because at least one of them is false.

=== Epistemology ===
[[Epistemology]] (from [[Greek]] words roughly meaning "the word stands on something") deals with what a human being knows and how he knows it. Objectivism states that perception is only the beginning. Perception is sensation extended over time, and perception becomes knowledge only through ''measurement.'' On the other hand, one forms a ''concept'' of something by developing a list of attributes ''without'' the measurements of them. Apply the measurements, and instead of a concept one has an object that fits the concept.

One important result of pure Objectivism is that what one cannot perceive, one cannot know—and what no one has perceived, no one need admit the existence of. Indeed, [[Nathaniel Branden|Branden]]<ref name=BrandenBenHaz>[[Nathaniel Branden|Branden, Nathaniel]]. [http://www.nathanielbranden.com/catalog/articles_essays/benefits_and_hazards.html The Benefits and Hazards of the Philosophy of Ayn Rand]. Association for Humanistic Psychology, 1984.</ref> observed that Objectivism teaches that <blockquote>(A)ny form of irrationalism, supernaturalism, or mysticism, (and) any claim to a nonsensory, nonrational form of knowledge, is to be rejected.</blockquote>

This includes [[God]], a Concept that almost no Objectivist has ever accepted. This might be Objectivism's greatest weakness: that it will not admit that which one cannot perceive directly, but which has affected ''something else'' that one perceives, and that in a measurable way.

=== Ethics ===
[[Ethics]] is about values. What is value? From ''Atlas Shrugged'':<ref name=Atlas/><blockquote>"Value" is what one acts to gain and/or keep; "virtue" is how one acts to gain or keep it.</blockquote>

The central contribution of Objectivism to ethics is the definition of morality. Again from ''Atlas Shrugged'':<ref name=Atlas/><blockquote>"Value" presupposes an answer to the question, "Of value to whom, and to what?" "Value" presupposes a ''standard''...A code of values accepted by choice is a code of morality.</blockquote>

Objectivism then declares that the only moral code proper to man has ''man's life'' as its standard of value. Rand, Peikoff, and other students of Objectivism have always drawn a stark contrast between this standard and the standard of those they regarded as their opponents: "the greatest good for the greatest number."

However, most emphatically, this does '''not''' mean that Objectivism extols what most people mean by ''selfishness''. Objectivism regards that sort of "selfishness" as shortsighted and non-rational. Objectivism requires that a person ''choose'' to be rational in his thinking, and should work to enhance his self-interest ''after determining what that interest is through rational and logical analysis.''

Objectivism makes at least two definitions that non-adherents might find harsh and symptomatic of [[Logical fallacy#Overgeneralization|overgeneralization]]:

# "Sacrifice" is the giving away of a greater value in favor of a lesser value or a non-value.<ref name=Atlas/>
# "Altruism" is sacrifice, as defined above, for the sake of persons other than oneself.

Actually, what Objectivism calls ''sacrifice'', other schools of philosophy call ''waste''. Sacrifice, according to these other schools, is actually the giving of a great value for another, still greater value. Furthermore, the definition of ''altruism'' indicates that no man should be obliged, let alone forced, to care or act for the sake of other people.

In only one context does Objectivism lay any obligation on its adherents to act for the sake of another, and that is in an ''emergency'', that is, an immediate life-threatening casualty event or condition.

Rand, Peikoff, and other adherents to Objectivism held that their greatest objection was to the use of force in social relationships. This leads directly to the Objectivist theory of politics.

=== Politics ===
[[Political philosophy|Politics]] (from the [[Greek language|Greek]] '''πολις''' a city, from the organization of [[Greece|Greek]] civilization around independent city-states) is the philosophy of [[government]]—the need for it, its proper sphere, and the obligations of its subjects. The central principles of Objectivist politics are:<blockquote>"The necessary consequence of man’s right to life is his right to self-defense. In a civilized society, force may be used only in retaliation and only against those who initiate its use."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/self-defense.html|title=Self Defense|author=Ayn Rand|editor=Harry Binswanger}}</ref></blockquote><blockquote>If physical force is to be barred from social relationships, men need an institution charged with the task of protecting their rights under an objective code of rules. ... A government is the means of placing the retaliatory use of physical force under objective control—i.e., under objectively defined laws.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/government.html|title=Government|author=Ayn Rand|editor=Harry Binswanger}}</ref></blockquote>

Thus a government ought not compel charity—and in this context, ''compulsion'' is the application of force to induce another person toward an action he might not otherwise take. Nor should the government compel anyone to associate with those with whom he would prefer not to associate. Freedom of association is very important in Objectivist politics.

Objectivism holds that an individual has a fundamental right to life—but this "right to life" means the right to live one's life as his self-interest dictates, not the right to expect someone else either to protect his life or to guarantee his survival.

From these principles, the only economic system with which Objectivism has any sympathy is [[capitalism]], with its emphasis on the rights of the individual. Objectivism rejects the [[welfare state]] as an improper exercise of the government's police power. (But Objectivism also would object strenuously to the body of special tax incentives and other legal provisions and regulations often called "[[corporate welfare]]." Objectivism holds that every individual, and by extension every business, must stand or fall on his, her, or its own merits.)

However, Objectivism also holds that the government ought to reserve to itself a [[monopoly]] on the exercise of force, when necessary, in retaliation against the initiators of force. As a repeated theme in Rand's novels and essays, a government ought to confine itself to three major functions:

# The police power—to protect against criminals.
# The military power—to protect against invasion from without.
# The judicial power—to protect contracts from breach or fraud, and to provide a forum for the settlement of disputes without resort to force.

From the above, one may conclude that Objectivism rejects the [[code duello]] as an improper feature of society, and even as an attribute of [[anarchy]]. In fact, Rand herself specifically stated that government must be a [[monopoly]], because any "competitive [[economy]]" of government would inevitably lead to a state not much different from gang warfare.

====Foreign Policy====
Understanding Objectivism’s individualism and principled self-interest as applied to foreign policy provides an interesting contrast to the globalism of [[neo-conservative]]s and universal-rights policy of [[anarcho-capitalism|stateless-libertarians]]. For example, she repeatedly stated, in a number of essays and in at least one magazine interview, that <blockquote>Just as the [[United States]] had the right to invade [[Nazi]] [[Germany]], so the United States has the right to invade [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics|Soviet Russia]] or any other slave pen.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/foreign_policy.html|title=Foreign Policy|author=Ayn Rand|editor=Harry Binswanger}}</ref></blockquote> She emphasized that a just nation has a right but not the ''duty'' to depose the regime of an oppressive dictatorship.<ref name="Dictator">{{cite web|url=http://aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/dictatorship.html|title=Dictatorship|author=Ayn Rand|editor=Harry Binswanger}}</ref> To assume such a duty when self-defense doesn't require an expenditure of military might is deemed altruistic. She opposed the [[Vietnam War]] on such grounds. She describes the degree of oppression that makes a regime illegitimate:<ref name="Dictator" />

# Execution without a proper, fair trial
# Detention without charge
# Denial of the right of dissatisfied subjects to emigrate
# Censorship

Of course, any country that invades or otherwise attacks another nation (one that does not initiate force against other nations or its own people) lays itself open to a counter invasion. This follows from the principle of the Law of Retaliation defined above.

In summary, she rejects the [[neo-conservative]] policy of nations-building and global policing. She also rejects the libertarian policy of respecting the sovereignty of oppressive nations. Contrary to stateless-libertarians, Rand sees the establishment of rights within the nations-state framework.<ref name="Nations">{{cite web|url=http://aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/self-determination_of_nations.html|title=Self-Determination of Nations|author=Ayn Rand|editor=Harry Binswanger}}</ref><ref name="Isolation">{{cite web|url=http://aynrandlexicon.com/lexicon/isolationism.html|title=Isolationism|author=Ayn Rand|editor=Harry Binswanger}}</ref>

=== Aesthetics ===
[[Art]], according to Objectivism, serves a need to allow man to ''perceive'' directly that which normally he can only ''conceive''. Art, in short, makes things real. An [[artist]] is any person who presents abstract concepts in concrete ways.

Objectivism's take on art is simple: art should uplift, and present uplifting things. The favorite school of art among students of Objectivism is [[Romantic realism]], the name that Rand gave to a school of art that emphasizes human reason and ideals and primarily portrays people striving to do great deeds, rather than suffering great disasters—in short, being ''proactive'' rather than ''reactive''. Good art, in other words, celebrates that which Objectivism itself celebrates: the ideal rational man. Forms of art that which emphasized emotion over reason, and especially anything that divorced emotion from reason, earned the consistent disdain of Rand and her colleagues. Similarly, Objectivism decries any form of art that shows human beings being reactive and slaves to emotion.

Pornography excited an interesting reaction. Objectivists detested it, on the grounds that sex was too important an activity for public display. But they feared censorship even more, on the ground that a government that stopped prurient content could stop political speech all the more easily. (Neither Ayn Rand nor any of her associates ever commented on such strictly private efforts as the [[Hays office]].)

== Controversies ==
[[Nathaniel Branden]], Rand's closest-ever associate and confidant, set forth in 1984 a number of defects in Objectivist philosophy, or at least Rand's theory and practice of it:

# A tendency to confuse "reason" with "the reasonable," essentially a problem in informal logic.
# The encouragement of its students to repress all emotion as somehow unworthy, all in the name of being proactive rather than reactive.
# A tendency toward "moralizing," or condemning others for not adhering to a strict emotional discipline.
# The [[Logical fallacy#Conflation|conflation]] of "sacrifice" with benevolence.
# Emphasizing philosophical premises to an unhealthy degree, leading to an often unwarranted judgment of ''character'' by the criterion of ''belief''.
# A dogmatic, inflexible approach to philosophy and its various disciplines, leading to the inability to forgive a mistake in philosophical formulation or application.

In this last context, Branden specifically decried Rand's conclusion that "no woman should aspire to be [[President of the United States of America]]." Rand did say that, and her justification of that stance flowed directly, oddly enough, from her theory of sex.

(In this context, Rand had no patience with the proponents and practitioners of [[feminism]] that were contemporary to her. She once said of them, with questionable justice, that they complained about the sexual objectification of women, when those who complained the loudest were "clearly in no such danger." Yet on the other hand, she regarded homemakers as "uninteresting women," and then suggested that some of them were "[[monster]]s" for advocating, for example, the prohibition of [[abortion]] and restrictions on [[contraception]].)

Rand's surviving friends tend to dismiss Branden's criticism as [[Logical fallacy#Argumentum ad hominem|argumentum ad hominem]] (or perhaps more accurately, ''argumentum ad feminam'') arising out of the rather brutal break-up of Rand and Branden's eighteen-year association. But those arguments tend to commit the same [[logical fallacy]] whereof they accuse Branden. Branden's wife [[Barbara Branden|Barbara]] presents perhaps the most balanced treatment of the Rand-Branden Affair and the ensuing controversy.

Objectivism's unabashed advocacy of capitalism often led to repeated charges that Objectivism was the ally of "big business." (In fact, on the occasion of a 1980 political demonstration called "Big Business Day," ''The Objectivist Forum'' commented quite wryly on the irony of the spectacle of hundreds of anti-business conventioneers using the services of "big business" to attend an event intended to advocate increased regulation of the largest corporations merely because they ''were'' large.) But Branden said quite clearly that the executives of large business companies ''were not'' friendly to Objectivism, because Objectivism advocates a market completely free not only of onerous taxes but also of the myriad special protections that some businesses tended to win from [[Congress]] against their competitors.

For decades, Rand did not appear to excite much enduring controversy, mainly because those who did not hold to her philosophy, or to the political theory that flows from it, generally preferred to ignore her. An early exception was the famous (some say infamous) review of Rand's ''magnum opus'', ''[[Atlas Shrugged]]'', by [[Whittaker Chambers]].<ref name=Chambers>[[Whittaker Chambers|Chambers, Whittaker]]. [http://www.nationalreview.com/article/213298/big-sister-watching-you-whittaker-chambers Big Sister Is Watching You]. ''[[National Review]]'', December 28, 1957. Republished on [[National Review Online]], January 5, 2005.</ref> Chambers "[[Atlas Shrugged (criticism)#Whittaker Chambers|panned]]" this novel severely and charged that Rand, and by extension Objectivism ''per se'', owed more to the harsh, "conquering-man" philosophy of [[Friedrich Nietzsche]] than to Aristotle. He also charged that Rand, in her relentless attack upon the [[Communism|Communist]] philosophy of [[Karl Marx]], had almost become that which she professed to despise. Specifically, he suggested that while Marx advocated a [[Socialism|socializing]] elite, Rand advocated a technocratic one, to which all less technically adept men must bow. Chambers' objections mirror those of Branden to the "moralizing" and dogmatic tone of much of Rand's material, in both that novel and her later essays.

But in light of the election and increasingly [[socialism|socialistic]] policy pronouncements and recommendations of [[Barack Obama]] and his administration, Rand's ideas are (as of April 2009) undergoing a serious re-examination. [[Tax Day Tea Party]] participants reported seeing signs saying, "Ayn Rand Was Right" and "Stop Spending, or Atlas Will Shrug." The Ayn Rand Institute reports that sales of ''Atlas Shrugged'' tripled in February 2009 as compared to February 2008. They attribute this brisk increase in sales directly to the recognition by many of Barack Obama and his associates as antitypes of the [[Literary type#Villain|villains]] in the novel, and of his policies as antitypes of some of the more egregious policies of [[Mr. Thompson]] and some of other characters. [[Directive 10-289]] springs especially to mind.

== Can Objectivism develop further? ==
This question is [[Conservapedia:Can Objectivism develop beyond Ayn Rand's original formulation?|debatable]]. Branden asserted that Objectivism was "flawed", but nonetheless found its emphasis on logic and of an independent reality important and beneficial. Applying the principles of Objectivist philosophy to ones own life offers undoubted advantages to physical and mental quality of life, which applying such principles to politics leads to economic growth, greater personal and economic freedoms and a more healthy society. Nonetheless, no philosophy can remain static, and with many greater American thinkers dedicated to advancing the philosophy of Objectivism, the field is extremely dynamic and constantly evolving, and the world provides new opportunities for applying Objectivist principles.

In regarding to life science, Rand correctly realised that the theory of [[evolution]] as more than an hypothesis. She did not accept [[Creationism|creation]] as a fact, due to it not being directly percieavble and measurable, but Rand also refused to endorse evolution, because she believed she did not have the required scientific knowledge to make an informed judgment.<ref name=poisonwell>Hsieh, Diana Mertz, [http://www.dianahsieh.com/blog/2005/07/poisoning-well.html Poisoning the Well], 24 March 2007</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist|2}}

== See also ==
* [http://www.aynrand.org/site/PageServer?pagename=objectivism_pobs Objectivism] from the [[Ayn Rand Institute]]
* [http://www.ios.org/ The Atlas Society — home of The Objectivist Center]
* [http://wiki.objectivismonline.net/ The Objectivism Wiki]
* [http://www.importanceofphilosophy.com/ The Importance of Philosophy]
* [[Logic]]

[[Category:Philosophical Systems‏‎]]
[[Category:Anti-Communism]]

Intelligence testing

2017-01-13T00:10:02Z

OneNation: /* Liberal bias */

'''Intelligence testing''' began in an organized way in the early 20th Century with the [[Stanford-Binet]] test. The purpose was to form an estimate of a person's aptitude before investing time and money in their education, in the belief that aptitude or intelligence was a fixed quantity.

At the time these tests were developed, medical science and psychology were
in their infancy. Ideas such as [[eugenics]] still had currency, and intelligence tests were used to weed out so-called "defectives".

Testers classified people as idiots, imbeciles, morons, normal, above average, and geniuses on a numerical scale based on [[mental age]]. For children, dividing the mental age by chronological age produces the [[intelligence quotient]] (IQ) used for placement in slow or rapid classes.

The study based on survey data from 702 Nordic research works concludes that a typical neuropsychologist used 9 tests in a standard assessment, and 25 tests overall in their practice. The selection of tests to use has been influenced by nationality, competence level, practice profile, and by attitude toward test selection. Testing patients with psychiatric disorders was associated with more tests.<ref>Egeland J, Løvstad M, Norup A, Nybo T, Persson BA6, Rivera DF, Schanke AK, Sigurdardottir S, Arango-Lasprilla J. (2016). Following international trends while subject to past traditions: neuropsychological test use in the Nordic countries. Clin Neuropsychol. Sep 27:1-22. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27670676]</ref> The average IQ scores for many populations have been rising at an average rate of three points per decade since the early 20th century ([[Flynn effect]]). It is not clear if whether "people are getting more and more clever" or just there are differences between past and current testing.<ref name="DickensFlynn2001">
William T. Dickens and James R. Flynn, [http://www.apa.org/journals/features/rev1082346.pdf Heritability Estimates Versus Large Environmental Effects:The IQ Paradox Resolved], ''Psychological Review'' 2001. Vol. 108, No. 2. 346-369.
</ref><ref>
William T. Dickens and James R. Flynn, "[http://www.brookings.edu/views/papers/dickens/20020205.pdf The IQ Paradox: Still Resolved]," ''Psychological Review'' 109, no. 4 (2002).
</ref>

In the United States, intelligence tests were to classify recruits and draftees for service in World War II. The more technical jobs were assigned to men with higher scores. Sociologists also noted racial differences in IQ scores, and some supposed that these differences were inherent. A controversy over this matter has raged ever since.

Open questions for psychologists and sociologists focus on what produces differences in [[intelligence]], whether intelligence can be developed or stunted by upbringing and education, and why different [[race]]s or cultural groups have significantly different scores.

The two main reasons given are:
#that there may be inherent differences between the races
#that upbringing, education and social factors can skew the results

== Influention of environment ==
After nearly a century of IQ testing and [[educational reform]]s, some researchers have begun to assert that IQ can be influenced by the child's environment by as much as 30 points.<ref>3 weeks of intensive play of WFF 'N PROOF: The Game of Modern Logic increased average IQ scores by more than 20 points. [http://wffnproof.com/]</ref> See [[Educational games]].

A 1976-year study that covered 258 children (IQ between 80 and 119) finally concluded that the major correlating factor is "a favorable parental social and educational background".<ref>Fisch RO, Bilek MK, Horrobin JM, Chang PN (1976) Children with superior intelligence at 7 years of age: a prospective study of the influence of perinatal, medical, and socioeconomic factors. Am J Dis Child. 1976 May;130(5):481-7. Abstract available at
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1274898</ref> The more recent 2016-year study also showed that the measured IQ potential is significantly lower in developing countries.<ref name='kodila'>Kodila-Tedika O1, Asongu SA2, Azia-Dimbu F3. (2016) J Biosoc Sci. 2016 May 26:1-13, available at [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2661437]
Statistics and intelligence in developing countries</ref> and increases after the national statistics improves (<ref name='kodila'/> references [[Nigeria]] and [[Kenya]]).

Test results can also be influenced by other factors. Steele and Joshua Aronson found that when they gave a group of Stanford undergraduates a standardized test and told them that it was a measure of their intellectual ability, the white students did much better than their black counterparts. But when the same test was presented simply as an abstract laboratory tool, with no relevance to ability, the scores of blacks and whites were virtually identical.<ref>[http://www.gladwell.com/2000/2000_08_21_a_choking.htm]</ref> See [[Pressure and failure]].

==Liberal bias==

The field of intelligence testing has been acrimonious and contentious. Researchers such as [[Arthur Jensen]] and [[Charles Murray]] have been pilloried in the mass media, accused of maintaining views which different or even opposite of their actual views.<ref>Evolution advocate Gould portrays Murray as saying intelligence can be measured with a single number; Murray, of course, makes it clear in his book (as well as in a follow-up retort to Gould) that intelligence is too complex to be measured with a single number.</ref>

One professor had to come to Jensen's defense, after [[Stephen Jay Gould]] attacked him in print:

:I object to Gould's tendency to visit the alleged sins of early investigators on present day investigators. If Goddard, Brigham, and others once tended to view various human races as relatively superior or inferior in intelligence and therefore relatively worthy or unworthy, this does not mean that present-day investigators, like Jensen (1980) or Rushton (1995), are necessarily guilty of such views. In fact, from my personal acquaintance with Jensen and his publications, I can attest that he does not view the African race (if one accepts that it is a race) as in any way less worthy than other so-called races. [http://www.psych.utoronto.ca/~reingold/courses/intelligence/cache/carroll-gould.html]

[[Charles Murray]] said:

*As soon as anyone argues that racial differences in intelligence are authentic, not an artifact of biased tests, everyone decodes that as saying the differences are grounded in genes. It is a non-sequitur, but an invariable one in my experience. America's intellectual elites are hysterical about the possibility of black - white genetic differences in IQ.
*As you know, The Bell Curve actually took a mild, agnostic stand on the subject. Dick Herrnstein and I said that nobody yet knows what the mix between environmental and genetic causes might be, and it makes no practical difference anyway. The only policy implication of the black - white difference, whatever its sources, is that the U.S. should return forthwith to its old ideal of treating people as individuals.
*But how many people know this? No one who hasn't read the book. Everyone went nuts about genes, so much so that most people now believe that race and genes is the main topic of our book. [http://www.eugenics.net/papers/mssel.html]

The Bell Curve book is not the only controversial study on IQ among different races or groups of people. Danish professor [[Helmuth Nyborg]] has conducted studies of IQ which indicate [[Politically correct language|politically incorrect]] results such as: on average, white people have higher IQs than black people, and men have slightly higher IQs than women. His latest research finds that on average, [[atheists]] have IQs about 5.8 points higher than people of [[faith]], prompting similar outrage among his critics, who claim that such results might be due to cultural biases.[http://danish.newsvine.com/_news/2007/02/05/554043-professor-atheists-are-more-intelligent-than-believers]

== See also ==

*[[Theory of multiple intelligences]]
*[[Moral intelligence]]
*[[Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence]]
*[[Emotional intelligence]]
*[[Atheism and intelligence]]

==External links==
*[http://www.eugenics.net/papers/mssel.html As the Bell Curves] - [[Charles Murray]] and [[Daniel Seligman]] - (Originally published in The National Review, December 8, 1997)

==Notes==
<references/>

[[Category:Psychology]]

Chlorpromazine

2017-01-13T00:05:41Z

OneNation:

'''Chlorpromazine''', marketed in the US as '''Thorazine''', is a typical [[antipsychotic]] drug and was the first antipsychotic to be synthesized, circa December 1950. Despite the drug's age, it still holds a place in the modern treatment of psychosis, though it is now used less often than newer antipsychotics (such as [[quetiapine]] or [[olanzapine]]) that have higher [[antipsychotic potency]].

== Indications ==
Chlorpromazine is indicated for the treatment of:

*[[Schizophrenia]]
*Severe [[mania]] in people with bipolar disorder
*Uncontrollable hiccups
*As a low-dose and short-term treatment for nausea and vomiting

== Side effects ==
Like most antipsychotics, chlorpromazine has a number of side effects, while most are common, some can be more serious, possibly resulting in [[Death]]. Side effects are:

'''Common'''
*Drowsiness
*Dizziness
*[[Orthostatic hypotention]]
*Worsening of symptoms upon stopping treatment with the drug

'''Rare'''
*Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, a potentially deadly condition in which the drug disrupts the body's thermal regulation system, causing high fever and delirium.
*[[Tardive dyskinesia]], a potentially incurable neurologic disorder, usually reported with long-term use.

[[Category:Medicine]]

Acupuncture

2017-01-13T00:04:20Z

OneNation:

'''Acupunture''' is an ancient [[Chinese]] form of [[alternative medicine]] which involves inserting needles into points that affect meridians of energy the Chinese have identified in the [[body]]. While studies that hint acupuncture relieves pain or some other symptoms do exist, the general consensus is that acupuncture's effects are no more than placebo effect.

== See also ==

*[[Naturopathy]]
*[[Chakras]]
*[[Mind/body]]

== External links ==

*[http://i.abcnews.com/Health/PainManagement/story?id=3644234&page=1 Fake or Not, Acupuncture Helps Back Pain] ABC News.

[[Category:Medicine]]

User:OneNation

2017-01-13T00:01:10Z

OneNation: Created page with "My username refers both to 'One Nation Conservatism' as well as my opposition to needless ethnic nationalism."

My username refers both to 'One Nation Conservatism' as well as my opposition to needless ethnic nationalism.

Acupuncture

2017-01-13T00:00:12Z

OneNation:

'''Acupunture''' is an ancient [[Chinese]] form of [[alternative medicine]] which involves inserting needles into points that affect meridians of energy the Chinese have identified in the [[body]]. While studies that hint acupuncture relieves pain or some other symptoms do exists, the general consensus is that acupuncture's effects are no more than placebo effect.

== See also ==

*[[Naturopathy]]
*[[Chakras]]
*[[Mind/body]]

== External links ==

*[http://i.abcnews.com/Health/PainManagement/story?id=3644234&page=1 Fake or Not, Acupuncture Helps Back Pain] ABC News.

[[Category:Medicine]]

Acupuncture

2017-01-12T23:59:27Z

OneNation:

'''Acupunture''' is an ancient [[Chinese]] form of [[alternative medicine]] which involves inserting needles into points that affect meridians of energy the Chinese have identified in the [[body]]. While studies that acupuncture that hint acupuncture relieves pain or some other symptoms, exists, the consensus is that acupuncture's effects are no more than placebo effect.

== See also ==

*[[Naturopathy]]
*[[Chakras]]
*[[Mind/body]]

== External links ==

*[http://i.abcnews.com/Health/PainManagement/story?id=3644234&page=1 Fake or Not, Acupuncture Helps Back Pain] ABC News.

[[Category:Medicine]]