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Maid of Heaven

2019-03-30T18:02:19Z

Politicalpoet: minor edit

'''Maid of Heaven''' refers to Saint [[Joan of Arc]] the French heroine who lived from January 6, 1412 until May 30, 1431 who helped free her country from the tyranny of a foreign invader through the guidance of God. The title Maid of Heaven was first used by author Ben D. Kennedy as the title for his epic poem about Joan of Arc: Maid of Heaven: The Story of Saint Joan of Arc first published in 2007. As Mr. Kennedy explained in an interview in 2007 in responding to the question: “Why did you title your poem Maid of Heaven?“

“The term Maid was very important to Saint Joan herself and she preferred to be called Joan the Maid. In the time in which she lived it signified a virgin but I think to Joan it meant much more. Her physical purity was simple an out flowing of her spiritual purity that inspired everyone around her so to her I think the term Maid made it clear that she lived completely for God. As her career progressed so did her name with Maid attached. First, when she began her career she was known by many as the Maid of Lorraine referring to the prophecy that France was to be saved by a Maid from Lorraine. After she saved the town of Orleans the people there began calling her Maid of Orleans, which some in that city still call her today. After she became a hero to all of France, many began calling her the Maid of France. I am amazed that in the almost 600 years since she died that no one else has called her the Maid of Heaven because to me that is what she became when she died.”

Maid of Heaven

2019-03-30T17:59:46Z

Politicalpoet: Created page with "'''Maid of Heaven''' refers to Saint Joan of Arc the French heroine who lived from January 15, 1412 until May 30, 1431 who helped free her country from the tyranny of a fo..."

'''Maid of Heaven''' refers to Saint [[Joan of Arc]] the French heroine who lived from January 15, 1412 until May 30, 1431 who helped free her country from the tyranny of a foreign invader through the guidance of God. The title Maid of Heaven was first used by author Ben D. Kennedy as the title for his epic poem about Joan of Arc: Maid of Heaven: The Story of Saint Joan of Arc first published in 2007. As Mr. Kennedy explained in an interview in 2007 in responding to the question: “Why did you title your poem Maid of Heaven?“

“The term Maid was very important to Saint Joan herself and she preferred to be called Joan the Maid. In the time in which she lived it signified a virgin but I think to Joan it meant much more. Her physical purity was simple an out flowing of her spiritual purity that inspired everyone around her so to her I think the term Maid made it clear that she lived completely for God. As her career progressed so did her name with Maid attached. First, when she began her career she was known by many as the Maid of Lorraine referring to the prophecy that France was to be saved by a Maid from Lorraine. After she saved the town of Orleans the people there began calling her Maid of Orleans, which some in that city still call her today. After she became a hero to all of France, many began calling her the Maid of France. I am amazed that in the almost 600 years since she died that no one else has called her the Maid of Heaven because to me that is what she became when she died.”

Mark Twain

2007-12-03T23:37:20Z

Politicalpoet:

'''Mark Twain''' (1835-1910), pen name of ''Samuel Langhorne Clemens,'' was a great American writer and humorist. On his death, the New York Times wrote:
:His personality and his humor have been an integral part of American life for so long that it has seemed almost impossible to realize an America without him.<ref>"His Countrymen's Tribute," ''The New York Times,'' April 22, 1910, p. 2</ref>
His most famous books are ''[[The Adventures of Tom Sawyer]]'' and ''[[The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn]].''

==Quotations==
Mark Twain was both a writer and a performer, famous as a comic lecturer. He was famous for his witticisms. Some of them are:
:"In the first place God made idiots. This was for practice. Then he made School Boards." (Following the Equator, chapter LXI)
:"It is better to keep your mouth closed and let people think you are a fool than to open it and remove all doubt."
:"By this time you will have noticed that the human being's heaven has been thought out and constructed upon an absolutely definite plan; and that this plan is, that it shall contain, in labored detail, each and every imaginable thing that is repulsive to a man, and not a single thing he likes!" (Letters From the Earth, Crest Books, 1963. p.20)
:"I have never taken any exercise, except sleeping and resting, and I never intend to take any."[http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/railton/onstage/70bday.html]
:"Man is the only animal that blushes. Or needs to." (Following the Equator, chapter XXVIL)
:The report of my death was an exaggeration. (Mark Twain, New York Journal, June 2, 1897)
:Training is everything. The peach was once a bitter almond; cauliflower is nothing but cabbage with a college education. (Pudd'nhead Wilson)

Many quips attributed to Mark Twain are not his. Ralph Keyes call this "the flypaper effect: unclaimed comments... stick to famous quotable figures." He quotes a reference librarian as saying "if it's humorous and cynical, it must be Mark Twain."<ref>Keyes, Ralph (1992), ''Nice Guys Finish Seventh: False Phrases, Spurious Sayings, and Familiar Misquotations,'' p 24.</ref> A famous disputed case is:
:"Everybody talks about the weather, but nobody does anything about it."
This was long attributed to Twain; according to Keyes, quotation sleuths traced it to an unsigned editorial in the Hartford Courant and decided it was most likely by Charles Dudley Warner, but there are reasons to believe it may really be Twain's remark after all.<ref>Keyes, Ralph (1992), ''Nice Guys Finish Seventh: False Phrases, Spurious Sayings, and Familiar Misquotations,'' p 194-5. Keyes notes that the quotation, as printed in the ''Courant,'' actually opened with the words "A well known American writer once said," and that a 1923 memoir by a journalist who had known Twain mentioned "never having seen in print Mark's saying about the weather...."</ref>.

==A "hymn to liberty"==
[[George Orwell]] said that "all that is best in [Twain]'s work centers about the Mississippi river and the wild mining towns of the West."<ref>Orwell, George (1943), "Mark Twain—The Licensed Jester;" ''The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters of George Orwell,'' volume 2, pp. 325. Spelling brought into conformance with American usage.</ref> He specifically mentions ''Tom Sawyer,'' ''Huckleberry Finn,'' and ''Life on the Mississippi.''

Orwell, who later would write ''Nineteen Eighty-Four,'' was writing during the Second World War, when individual freedom in Europe and England were at a low point. Orwell says that these books are set in
:the golden age of America, the period when the great plains were opened up, when wealth and opportunity seemed limitless, and human beings felt free, indeed ''were'' free, as they had never been before and may not be again for centuries.
He called these books "ragbag[s] of anecdotes, scenic descriptions and social history both serious and burleque." But Orwell felt that they had a central theme:
:This is how human beings behave when they are not frightened of the sack.<ref>I.e. being fired from their job. To "get the sack" is a British colloquialism, similar to the U. S. "to get the ax."</ref>
Orwell says Twain did not ''mean'' to write "a hymn to liberty," but did so simply by reporting what he saw. He feels that Twain's colorful characters were able to develop their "strange and sometimes sinister individuality because of the lack of any outside pressure:
:If you disliked your job you simply hit your boss in the eye and moved further west.... The "log cabin to White House" myth was true while the free land lasted. In a way, it was for this that the Paris mob had stormed the Bastille, and when one reads Mark Twain, [[Bret Harte]], and [[Walt Whitman|Whitman]] it is hard to feel that their effort was wasted.<ref>ibid., p. 326</ref>

==Religion==

Mark Twain was a practicing Presbyterian, but a series of personal tragedies in his life, namely the deaths of his son, wife, and two of his daughters, would result in his later works being particularly anti-religious. His books ''Letters from the Earth'' and ''The Mysterious Stranger'', both of which Twain was afraid to publish during his lifetime, contained numerous attacks on [[Christianity]]. Some of his quotes on the subject are listed below.

"Faith is believing something you know ain't so." [''Following the Equator'']

"'In God We Trust.' I don't believe it would sound any better if it were true."

"It ain't the parts of the Bible that I can't understand that bother me, it is the parts that I do understand."

"Religion consists in a set of things which the average man thinks he believes and wishes he was certain of."

"There is no other life; life itself is only a vision and a dream for nothing exists but space and you. If there was an all-powerful God, he would have made all good, and no bad." [Mark Twain in Eruption]

"Our Bible reveals to us the character of our god with minute and remorseless exactness... It is perhaps the most damnatory biography that exists in print anywhere. It makes Nero an angel of light and leading by contrast" [Reflections on Religion, 1906]

==The pen name "Mark Twain"==
Clemens began using the pen name "Mark Twain" in his early newspaper columns.

"Mark Twain" was a reference to a leadsman's call. The leadsman's job was to toss a weighted line overboard to measure the depth of the water. On a Mississippi steamboat, he would do this again and again, calling out the results to the pilot. The depth was measured in ''fathoms,'' where a fathom is six feet. "Twain" is an old-fashioned word for "second." "Mark" meant the depth was on the exact fathom mark, much like describing a time as "on the dot." So "mark twain" literally means "two fathoms."

In ''Life on the Mississippi,'' Twain says that he worked for a captain who used to send "brief paragraphs of plain practical information about the river" to the New Orleans Picayune (the famous newspaper), signed "Mark Twain." According to Twain, this captain always added little reminiscences about things like islands that "disappeared in 1807, if I remember rightly," which were annoying and drew the scorn of other captains. Twain wrote a humorous parody, without thinking about the captain's feelings, and was printed in a newspaper:
:There was no malice in my rubbish; but it laughed at the captain. It laughed at a man to whom such a thing was new and strange and dreadful. He never printed another paragraph while he lived, and he never again signed "Mark Twain" to anything. At the time that the telegraph brought the news of his death, I was on the Pacific coast. I was a fresh new journalist, and needed a nom de guerre; so I confiscated the ancient mariner's discarded one.<ref>Twain, Mark (1863), ''Life on the Mississippi,'' Chapter 50</ref>

== Books Online ==

*[http://www.maidofheaven.com/joanofarc_mark_twain.asp] Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc

==References==
<references/>

{{DEFAULTSORT:Twain, Mark}}
[[Category:Authors]]

Joan of Arc

2007-11-02T17:01:18Z

Politicalpoet: /* External links */

[[Image:396px-Joan of arc miniature graded.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Painting, c. 1485. The only known portrait for which she sat has not survived, so all depictions of her represent artistic license. (Centre Historique des Archives Nationales, Paris, AE II 2490)]]

'''Joan of Arc''' (Jeanne d'Arc) (Domremy in Champagne, [[France]] 1412 - Rouen, France 1431) was a girl who, at the age of seventeen, believed she had been called by God to lead the French army which went on to defeat the English at the siege at [[Orleans]] in 1430. She was later captured by the English, burned at stake as a [[heretic]] in 1431, and was canonized by the [[Roman Catholic Church]] in 1920 and is accordingly known today as St. Joan.

''Joan of Arc'' is the English translation of the French name ''Jeanne d'Arc.'' Her name was spelled in a variety of ways; she herself signed her first name as "Jehanne" on some letters.<ref>[http://www.brynmawr.edu/Library/exhibits/jehanne/contemporary.html Contemporary accounts of Joan of Arc], Bryn Mawr college library</ref> She is also known as "the Maid of Orleans" and "La Pucelle" (French for "the maid").

Relics thought to be those of Joan of Arc were recently proved to be a nineteenth century forgery involving the remains of an Egyptian mummy. <ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/story/0,,2050361,00.html Joan of Arc holy relics are fake]</ref> The survival of her organs was thought to be a miracle, since contemporary historical records describe how she was burned three times to ensure nothing remained.

Her story has inspired numerous works of art, notably [[George Bernard Shaw]]'s 1923 play ''Saint Joan'' (considered one of his greatest plays) and Mark Twain's novel ''Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc'' (largely forgotten but believed by Twain to be his best work). Both are sympathetic and admiring depictions. In contrast, in Shakespeare's play ''Henry VI, Part 1,'' the character "Joan La Pucelle" is depicted as she was generally viewed by the English at the time: as a witch and sorceress who was justly executed.

== Trial ==

''As regards the official record of the trial, which, so far as the Latin version goes, seems to be preserved entire, we may probably trust its accuracy in all that relates to the questions asked and the answers returned by the prisoner. These answers are in every way favourable to Joan. Her simplicity, piety, and good sense appear at every turn, despite the attempts of the judges to confuse her.'' <ref> [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm Joan of Arc]</ref>

Trial of condemnation lasted from February 21st until May 23rd, 1431. She was burnt at the stake in [[Rouen]]'s market square.

== Quotations ==
[[Image:Joan of Arc.jpg|right]]

*"I place trust in [[God]], my creator, in all things; I love Him with all my heart."
*"Gentle Dauphin, I am called Joan the Maid (Jehanne la Pucelle)"
*"In God's name, the soldiers will fight and He will grant victory."
*"I trust in my Judge, who is the King of Heaven and Earth".

== External links ==

*[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc] Catholic Encyclopedia
*[http://www.stjoan-center.com/ Saint Joan of Arc Center] Albuquerque, N. M.
*[http://www.maidofheaven.com/ MaidOfHeaven.com] Dedicated to telling the true story about Saint Joan of Arc
*[http://archive.joan-of-arc.org/joanofarc_short_biography.html biography]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Military Commanders]]
[[Category:Saints]]
[[Category:French people]]
[[Category:Women]]
[[Category:European History]]

Joan of Arc

2007-11-02T17:00:37Z

Politicalpoet: /* External links */

[[Image:396px-Joan of arc miniature graded.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Painting, c. 1485. The only known portrait for which she sat has not survived, so all depictions of her represent artistic license. (Centre Historique des Archives Nationales, Paris, AE II 2490)]]

'''Joan of Arc''' (Jeanne d'Arc) (Domremy in Champagne, [[France]] 1412 - Rouen, France 1431) was a girl who, at the age of seventeen, believed she had been called by God to lead the French army which went on to defeat the English at the siege at [[Orleans]] in 1430. She was later captured by the English, burned at stake as a [[heretic]] in 1431, and was canonized by the [[Roman Catholic Church]] in 1920 and is accordingly known today as St. Joan.

''Joan of Arc'' is the English translation of the French name ''Jeanne d'Arc.'' Her name was spelled in a variety of ways; she herself signed her first name as "Jehanne" on some letters.<ref>[http://www.brynmawr.edu/Library/exhibits/jehanne/contemporary.html Contemporary accounts of Joan of Arc], Bryn Mawr college library</ref> She is also known as "the Maid of Orleans" and "La Pucelle" (French for "the maid").

Relics thought to be those of Joan of Arc were recently proved to be a nineteenth century forgery involving the remains of an Egyptian mummy. <ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/story/0,,2050361,00.html Joan of Arc holy relics are fake]</ref> The survival of her organs was thought to be a miracle, since contemporary historical records describe how she was burned three times to ensure nothing remained.

Her story has inspired numerous works of art, notably [[George Bernard Shaw]]'s 1923 play ''Saint Joan'' (considered one of his greatest plays) and Mark Twain's novel ''Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc'' (largely forgotten but believed by Twain to be his best work). Both are sympathetic and admiring depictions. In contrast, in Shakespeare's play ''Henry VI, Part 1,'' the character "Joan La Pucelle" is depicted as she was generally viewed by the English at the time: as a witch and sorceress who was justly executed.

== Trial ==

''As regards the official record of the trial, which, so far as the Latin version goes, seems to be preserved entire, we may probably trust its accuracy in all that relates to the questions asked and the answers returned by the prisoner. These answers are in every way favourable to Joan. Her simplicity, piety, and good sense appear at every turn, despite the attempts of the judges to confuse her.'' <ref> [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm Joan of Arc]</ref>

Trial of condemnation lasted from February 21st until May 23rd, 1431. She was burnt at the stake in [[Rouen]]'s market square.

== Quotations ==
[[Image:Joan of Arc.jpg|right]]

*"I place trust in [[God]], my creator, in all things; I love Him with all my heart."
*"Gentle Dauphin, I am called Joan the Maid (Jehanne la Pucelle)"
*"In God's name, the soldiers will fight and He will grant victory."
*"I trust in my Judge, who is the King of Heaven and Earth".

== External links ==

*[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc] Catholic Encyclopedia
*[http://www.stjoan-center.com/ Saint Joan of Arc Center] Albuquerque, N. M.
*[http://www.maidofheaven.com/ MaidOfHeven.com] Dedicated to telling the true story about Saint Joan of Arc
*[http://archive.joan-of-arc.org/joanofarc_short_biography.html biography]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Military Commanders]]
[[Category:Saints]]
[[Category:French people]]
[[Category:Women]]
[[Category:European History]]

Joan of Arc

2007-11-02T16:56:02Z

Politicalpoet: /* Quotations */

[[Image:396px-Joan of arc miniature graded.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Painting, c. 1485. The only known portrait for which she sat has not survived, so all depictions of her represent artistic license. (Centre Historique des Archives Nationales, Paris, AE II 2490)]]

'''Joan of Arc''' (Jeanne d'Arc) (Domremy in Champagne, [[France]] 1412 - Rouen, France 1431) was a girl who, at the age of seventeen, believed she had been called by God to lead the French army which went on to defeat the English at the siege at [[Orleans]] in 1430. She was later captured by the English, burned at stake as a [[heretic]] in 1431, and was canonized by the [[Roman Catholic Church]] in 1920 and is accordingly known today as St. Joan.

''Joan of Arc'' is the English translation of the French name ''Jeanne d'Arc.'' Her name was spelled in a variety of ways; she herself signed her first name as "Jehanne" on some letters.<ref>[http://www.brynmawr.edu/Library/exhibits/jehanne/contemporary.html Contemporary accounts of Joan of Arc], Bryn Mawr college library</ref> She is also known as "the Maid of Orleans" and "La Pucelle" (French for "the maid").

Relics thought to be those of Joan of Arc were recently proved to be a nineteenth century forgery involving the remains of an Egyptian mummy. <ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/story/0,,2050361,00.html Joan of Arc holy relics are fake]</ref> The survival of her organs was thought to be a miracle, since contemporary historical records describe how she was burned three times to ensure nothing remained.

Her story has inspired numerous works of art, notably [[George Bernard Shaw]]'s 1923 play ''Saint Joan'' (considered one of his greatest plays) and Mark Twain's novel ''Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc'' (largely forgotten but believed by Twain to be his best work). Both are sympathetic and admiring depictions. In contrast, in Shakespeare's play ''Henry VI, Part 1,'' the character "Joan La Pucelle" is depicted as she was generally viewed by the English at the time: as a witch and sorceress who was justly executed.

== Trial ==

''As regards the official record of the trial, which, so far as the Latin version goes, seems to be preserved entire, we may probably trust its accuracy in all that relates to the questions asked and the answers returned by the prisoner. These answers are in every way favourable to Joan. Her simplicity, piety, and good sense appear at every turn, despite the attempts of the judges to confuse her.'' <ref> [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm Joan of Arc]</ref>

Trial of condemnation lasted from February 21st until May 23rd, 1431. She was burnt at the stake in [[Rouen]]'s market square.

== Quotations ==
[[Image:Joan of Arc.jpg|right]]

*"I place trust in [[God]], my creator, in all things; I love Him with all my heart."
*"Gentle Dauphin, I am called Joan the Maid (Jehanne la Pucelle)"
*"In God's name, the soldiers will fight and He will grant victory."
*"I trust in my Judge, who is the King of Heaven and Earth".

== External links ==

*[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc] Catholic Encyclopedia
*[http://www.stjoan-center.com/ Saint Joan of Arc Center] Albuquerque, N. M.
*[http://archive.joan-of-arc.org/joanofarc_short_biography.html biography]

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Military Commanders]]
[[Category:Saints]]
[[Category:French people]]
[[Category:Women]]
[[Category:European History]]