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	<updated>2026-10-30T16:37:53Z</updated>
	<subtitle>User contributions</subtitle>
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		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Cambrian&amp;diff=164846</id>
		<title>Talk:Cambrian</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Cambrian&amp;diff=164846"/>
		<updated>2007-05-16T23:55:57Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: &lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;This was removed for being uncited, but he cited sources. I'm lost. [[User:DanH|DanH]] 17:02, 6 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Below is the page I posted, (and got blocked for by [[User:Conservative]], so I'd better not post it again). It's hardly exhaustive, but it is factual, and and referenced (linking to some nice informative sites), and it is at least the beginning of an article on the Cambrian period. Maybe someone else can take it further. I place it here simply as the basis for further discussion. --[[User:Jeremiah4-22|Jeremiah4-22]] 13:10, 7 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::The article below looks good to me ... I say put it back. [[User:Jrssr5|Jrssr5]] 13:16, 7 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::So who wants to get banned for doing it?  Knowing that it will be reverted immediately, also?  I suppose the ''real'' &amp;quot;problem&amp;quot; with it is all that &amp;quot;millions of years ago&amp;quot; stuff, without a YEC refutation of some sort.  Or perhaps it needs to say something like &amp;quot;Most geologists believe...&amp;quot; or some such qualification. It's a pity that it got killed, as I was going to use the article as a launch point sometime to create articles about those red-linked invertebrates. [[User:Human|Human]] 17:26, 8 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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The current article, and all other epoch articles currently &amp;quot;improved&amp;quot; by Conservative are ridiculous.  Cutting and pasting a pointless YEC critique and a list of YECaganda websites to each and everyone seems silly at best. [[User:QNA|QNA]] 19:53, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Apparently those of us that are not YEC Christians are not welcome to contribute anything.  So much for a place for Christians and conservatives.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 19:55, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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----&lt;br /&gt;
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{{expand}}&lt;br /&gt;
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The '''Cambrian''' period was the first period of the [[Paleozoic]] era. Following on from the [[Pre-Cambrian]], it lasted from approximately 543 million years to about 490 million years ago. It was followed by the [[Ordovician]] period. The Cambrian was named by the geologist Adam Sedgwick for Cambria,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/sedgwick.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Latin for [[Wales]], which has large areas of rock originating in, and characteristic of, the period.&lt;br /&gt;
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The [[Cambrian Radiation]] gave rise to almost all living phyla, but often in extinct forms with small resemblance to typical living species. Common Cambrian fossils are of [[trilobite]]s, and inarticulate [[brachiopod]]s,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.palaeos.com/Paleozoic/Cambrian/Cambrian.htm#bio&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[coral]]s and primitive [[echinoderm]]s. They also include the first vertebrates, primitive jawless fish.&lt;br /&gt;
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Since many of the organisms of the Cambrian were soft-bodied invertebrates, fossil remains other than shells or carapaces are rare; one notable site for soft-bodied Cambrian invertebrate remains is the [[Burgess Shale]] of [[British Columbia]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://wwwalt.uni-wuerzburg.de/palaeontologie/Stuff/casu9.htm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
 &amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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[[Category:Geological time periods]]&lt;br /&gt;
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----&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Conservapedia:Sysop_complaint_documentation&amp;diff=164162</id>
		<title>Conservapedia:Sysop complaint documentation</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Conservapedia:Sysop_complaint_documentation&amp;diff=164162"/>
		<updated>2007-05-16T16:37:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* name-calling by TK */&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;{|style=&amp;quot;width:100%&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|'''Quick Links'''&lt;br /&gt;
[[Conservapedia:Abuse|Abuse Reporting]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Conservapedia:Sysop and Admin Abuse|Administrative Abuse]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:CPanel|Conservapedia Panel]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;text-align:center&amp;quot;|&amp;lt;big&amp;gt;This is where you can report abuse by Sysops. Please make notes short and concise.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
'''Do not piggyback!  One ''new'' header per complaint. Unsigned posts will be removed.'''&amp;lt;/big&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Click '''[http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Conservapedia:Sysop_and_Admin_Abuse&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=new here]''' to file a complaint.&lt;br /&gt;
|valign=&amp;quot;top&amp;quot;|'''Archives'''&lt;br /&gt;
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== ColinR ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Deleted the archive I created last night for Sysop and Admin Abuse/Conservative&lt;br /&gt;
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I just restored it. Colin, I beg of you, please don't start deleting history here, okay?  --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 00:35, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:The archive was never deleted. Anyone who looks at the page history will realize this, all I did was move the archive out of the mainspace into the correct namespace, leaving a temporarily broken link, which the brilliant editor above me equates to it being deleted. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 00:37, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Oh yeah?  What is this? '''00:11, 10 April 2007 ColinR (Talk | contribs | block) deleted &amp;quot;Conservapedia:Sysop and Admin Abuse/Conservative Archive 1&amp;quot; (content was: '#REDIRECT Conservapedia:Sysop and Admin Abuse/Archive 1' (and the only contributor was 'ColinR'))'''--~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 00:39, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:THAT WASN'T THE ARCHIVE!!! THAT IS A REDIRECT. LOOK AT THE FREAKIN' CONTENT LISTED!!! &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 00:40, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Read above.  Does the system not say it was an archive, Colin?  When I cliked the link for the archive I made, it said the page had been deleted.  The delete log says you deleted it. --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 00:44, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Further, if you did anything to the archive I asked for help on last night, and you were among those who refused, and you came around tonight or earlier today and moved or fixed anything, without telling me, it is just as bad.  Yes, you do have to inform, elite one. Still, the links to the archives were still missing on the Conervative/abuse page and the Sysop/Admin page that Philip was into.  There were other posts asking what happened to the archives.  Further insults will not be tolerated, Colin. You have had your very last warning. --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 00:52, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:TK, your comment makes no sense, and you even admitted that I didn't delete the archive links. All I did was move the archives out of the mainspace to their correct spot, something that people have done before (think Sid) and you have no clue what's going on and flip out. I have not insulted you, only asked serious questions, and you respond with false accusations and threats. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 00:55, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::*Colin, I admitted no such thing.  The system said, when I entered the link to the archive I created, that you had deleted it.  If you deleted a re-direct, and replaced it, in another &amp;quot;Lone Ranger&amp;quot; stunt, elite one, without posting about, or telling me, you still forgot to replace the links to it!  Other people noticed, and posted about it.  ''Like I said, those days are over now, doing whatever you feel like, and you have had your final warning.''  --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 00:58, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::The archive link you created was in the mainspace, where it '''didn't''' belong. Thus I moved it out of the mainspace, only to realize I had moved it to the wrong spot, thus I moved it again to the correct spot (where it is now) and deleted the redirects, since one was in the mainspace and the other was a double redirect (and both were not needed). You accuse me of a lone ranger stunt, but your archiving seems to be just as &amp;quot;elitist&amp;quot; as my actions. Quit with the empty threats and baseless accusations. I'm getting tired of your false claims anytime you don't understand something. And I don't have to tell you every time I do something, you're not my keeper, nor is anyone on here. If you have a problem doing whatever they feel like, why not &amp;quot;complain&amp;quot; to almost every editor on this site. I'm through with this crap, if you have something valid and worthwhile to complain about, then we'll talk. Until then, GOOD DAY, SIR. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 01:04, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Hmmm, I could have swore you said earlier you didn't delete anything, but now it seems you say you did.  I am getting confused.  And yes, Colin, things are changing, for the better, and you will start to communicate, with me, and the other Sysops. I very politely posted, asking for help with the archive, last night,  and you didn't see fit to offer to help, like any of the Sysop's should have, that knew how to do it.  That is one of your obligations in taking the job.  If you didn't know or think that, you do now. I can't do anything to save you now, Colin.  Your attitude marks you as someone not really needed here anymore, more a part of the problem, rather than the solution.  It makes me sad, but it is now up to Andy to decide.   --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 01:14, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== TK and Copyright (Zach Johnson) ==&lt;br /&gt;
''This is a copy of the post from Aschlafly's talk page. TK insisted that I post it here, too.''&lt;br /&gt;
{{QuoteBox|Since the material was re-worded, perhaps Andy, since he is an Attorney, would be a better judge than Colin, CgDay and you Sid, as to what is wholesale copying, and exactly how much change is needed to avoid infringement suits, eh? Nothing I sourced was from Wikipedia, and I have never seen their material on the subject. --~ TK MyTalk 18:30, 9 April 2007 (EDT)}}&lt;br /&gt;
As per the above comment, you are strongly invited to take a look at [[Talk:Zach Johnson]]. Short summary: Copyrighted material has been copy-pasted (from a news article and quite likely from Wikipedia) with minor rewordings in some sentences. The material had been added by TK, who is now in a revert war to keep the copyrighted material until somebody creates a better version. --[[User:Sid 3050|Sid 3050]] 18:48, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== TK and sarcasm ==&lt;br /&gt;
While this is not abuse per say, it is a question of what is the appropriate conduct for a sysop?  I continue to be concerned about [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk%3ATheory_of_evolution&amp;amp;diff=95497&amp;amp;oldid=95484 this edit] and [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Theory_of_evolution&amp;amp;diff=prev&amp;amp;oldid=95473 this edit] which shows a disrespect for other editors on this site.  Is this the type of example that is people are suggesting that be followed?  (Yes, I know this is a slippery slope) Please picture a website were everyone behaved like TK has in this situation - not the conservative bias, but the disrespect.  Is this the type of site that you (the admins) want to present?  I am concerned that the admins are turning a blind eye to the sysops and allowing them free reign - they can do no wrong.  This in turn makes it a very hostile and uncomfortable place for anyone who is not a sysop.  --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 20:17, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I feel uncomfortable here all the time, pretty much the same as at Wikipedia. The only difference is that it's much worse there. &lt;br /&gt;
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:I disagree with the policy here which permits random newbies to start editing right away. I really hate all the backbiting, backstabbing, character assassination; carping, caviling, sneaky undermining, etc.!&lt;br /&gt;
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:If it were up to me, I'd block much more aggressively than I have been. &lt;br /&gt;
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:Maybe I'll just start doing that . . . --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 20:31, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I think you ought to, Ed. I don't want you to feel uncomfortable here, as you are one of our best editors. [[User:MountainDew|MountainDew]] 20:34, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:*Yes Mtur!  ''Not at all like your Sterling good behavior.''  We are appointed to keep the place on-policy, and on-track as friendly to the Conservative and Christian POV, as well as guard against Vandals.  Either overt, ''or covert''. Get used to it. You, and others constantly disrespect people whose POV you disagree with. You are just sly and subtle doing it.  You don't want to accept this is never going to be run like Wikipedia. Perhaps your energies could be used constructively, rather than just carping about what you don't like, and parroting the party line of those who you agree with? I am indeed sorry if you cannot accept some measure of levity, used to defuse a possibly explosive situation. It must get lonely in the Ivory Tower (that was more humor). Ed Poor, you should chat up the Webmaster, ask him about the situation in IRC with some of these people, it will be instructional, I am sure. --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 20:36, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:: TK, could you please point to any edits where I have been disrespectful to anyone? I have been 'online' for nearly two decades now (my first experiences were with a 300 baud modem and acoustic coupler to an 8 port BBS chat line) and I am well aware that when there are no body language or voice inflection cues, it is very easy for someone to misinterpret the emotion of the person on the other end of the text connection.  Smilies or a j/k can help give a hint about what the person is writing.  However, just with real life, if everything is said with such a wink, people begin to not take anything that person says seriously.  I remain curious as to how any of these edits [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Theory_of_evolution&amp;amp;diff=prev&amp;amp;oldid=95473] [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Sysop_and_Admin_Abuse&amp;amp;diff=84553&amp;amp;oldid=84515] [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Sysop_and_Admin_Abuse&amp;amp;diff=86432&amp;amp;oldid=86373] were designed to be a measure of levity that would reduce the heightened emotions?  Or where they written with the intent to enrage emotions?  I cannot tell, and it remains up to the individual to determine if they are to see the best in someone or the worst in someone.  I do not believe I am capable of writing anything that would have any emotional encumbrance that you would regard as not being insulting (I am not not trying to be insulting in this passage, just trying to state my perceptions) and thus attempt to remove any emotion from what is written.  I may have a point of view and an opinion, but getting red in the face and pounding away at the keyboard is something I learned not to do on Usenet a decade and a half ago.&lt;br /&gt;
:: I am curious as to how you see this being run, if not like Wikipedia.  What are the social norms? What are the rules? There are certainly more rules than have been set down in [[rules]].  When I am comfortable in understanding these rules and I have made the judgment as to if this is a place that I ''want'' to contribute to, then I shall.  Until then, I find the community that is in the process of forming these rules to be incredibly interesting.  Furthermore, I feel that it is more useful to help the community codify those rules as a place where any user can understand what is going to happen if he or she does something than it would be to go forth and write documents.  As it is, there is still a bit of hostility to many of the writers of new material here.  If you search [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?offset=&amp;amp;limit=50&amp;amp;target=Mtur&amp;amp;title=Special%3AContributions&amp;amp;namespace=0 my contributions], you will see that I have contributed some to new material - there are a few articles that I've commented with as &amp;quot;rewrite.&amp;quot; --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 22:38, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*So, your time online mirrors my own, Mtur.  I assume we are more or less contemporaries.  The joke about Martha Stewart was indeed designed to defuse, however I can see someone who is defensive or indignant in their opinion thinking the comment was aimed at them, and that I certainly didn't want to happen. Maybe you don't watch much TV or know of her.  However, you being online as long as you have, certainly know of this old dodge of blind-siding people as you did above, to support the views of those you agree with by making a public post, instead of privately contacting me and asking what I meant first.  I have seen much of your work that is to be admired, your manipulative tactics, posted above, are not a part of that admiration. --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 22:46, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: As I have stated [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Conservapedia_talk%3ATeamwork&amp;amp;diff=90300&amp;amp;oldid=90283 elsewhere], I prefer all communication to be public (perhaps I should put that on my user page too). As such, it remains difficult for me or anyone else to attribute something other than what I have said to me.  It also constantly reminds me that I am in a public place and to be on my behavior - there will always be someone looking to trap me in words if I misspeak.  I ask of you, have I shown you less respect or treated you with less dignity than you have shown me in the past?  Alternatively, if I was to make the same comments you have made in the past, would I be banned?  --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 23:01, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*I don't ban people except for vandalism and the like.  I have blocked users, shortly, when I know they are creating havoc, or doing things to marginalize Conservapedia.  I certainly have posted several times, quite publicly, in opposition to some Sysop's actions, etc.  This you well know.  Spirited discourse is how I was raised.  I was schooled by Jesuits. So, no, you wouldn't be banned for talk, of course not.  I know of only one Sysop who has banned for talking.  As I said, I publicly disagreed.  But your argument about keeping everything publc puzzles me, from a logic point of view.  Anyone can make up anything, and say it came from me or you, if they have a mind to.  So to use that as an excuse to actually lessen dialog, seems odd to me.  --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 23:06, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::The above statement by TK is quite misleading ... While it was quickly reversed when the error was pointed out, TK blocked me without even checking to see if I was the offending user.  I think sysops should have the basic skills and knowledge to do a little fact/history checking before running to the block button.  I'm sure I'm not the first one TK has blocked by accident, then tried to [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=User_talk:Hojimachong&amp;amp;diff=137248&amp;amp;oldid=137232 cover it up] instead of adding an apology comment. [[User:Jrssr5|Jrssr5]] 08:51, 1 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Jrssr, you have now earned another, not mistaken,  block.  ''Your statement above is totally false'', showing an edit of mine, where I decided to be more temperate, and not bring up the fact you could have been blocked by Hoji for name-calling, and that any Sysop still could, and implying it had something to do with your mistaken blockage of how long? You are disingenuous, and that will not be tolerated. Blocks do no &amp;quot;damage&amp;quot; whatsoever.  You are building red herring non-issues to be inflammatory. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 16:51, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Blocking of NousEpirrhytos ==&lt;br /&gt;
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I would like a comment on this situation, Nous was apparently banned for &amp;quot;attacks on the Bible&amp;quot; by Karajou, which apparently relates to [http://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Bible#Name this conversation] in which Nous expresses scholarly disagreement with the concept of Biblical literalism.&lt;br /&gt;
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Even more disturbingly, users questioning Karajou's actions on his talk page have been informed by User:TK that regular users have no business questioning administrative actions. When asked if ''&amp;quot;Andy's promised freedom of speech excludes questioning or criticizing the Bible&amp;quot;'', user:TK responded ''&amp;quot;Yes indeed, that is exactly what I meant&amp;quot;''. [[User:Nematocyte|Nematocyte]] 10:26, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*When quoting someone, Nematocyte, could you please not edit their quotes?  Some might think you did it deliberately, to stir the pot, and we wouldn't want that, eh? And if you are going to complain about more than one Sysop, please make more than one header, one for each complaint.  Thank you. --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 10:31, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Do you disagree with the content of my condenced quote? Do you not intend to imply those things? In any case, I am not making a complaint against you, as you have not performed an administrative action in this case, only commented. [[User:Nematocyte|Nematocyte]] 10:37, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::*Ahhh....just another snipe.  I see.  Very good. --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 10:38, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Do you disagree with my summation? Do you disagree that administrative comments on the case are relevant? [[User:Nematocyte|Nematocyte]] 10:39, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::For the love of mud, TK, answer the user's questions rather than bickering.  Nematocyte is being '''incredibly''' reasonable here. [[User:Myk|Myk]] 11:32, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Agreed, I would rather see answers than this pointless &amp;quot;sniping.&amp;quot; [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 11:34, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::Well, [[User_talk:Karajou#Blocking|this is what we got so far]]. Answers would indeed be nice. --[[User:Sid 3050|Sid 3050]] 11:58, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::: Some of the Sysops seem fairly trigger-happy right now.  Petrus and NousEpirrhytos were completely undeserving of banning.  This along with the un/blocking of AmesG and PalMD give me pause for thought as to what is happening on this site at the moment.  [[User:Airdish|Airdish]] 12:41, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::::Well, if you read some of TK's latest comments, that's exactly what it's supposed to do. [[User:Myk|Myk]] 12:43, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::::::According to some of TK's recent comments, one could conclude that this page should be speedily deleted - who are we to question or even criticize sysop decisions? --[[User:Sid 3050|Sid 3050]] 12:45, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::I don't see what banning Petrus and NousEpirrhytos was meant to accomplish. It seems to me these bans were pointed at silencing their ''opinion'', rather than promoting '''good faith'''. Is this what I am supposed to take from this? And in the case of PalMD, running off someone with knowledge of the field because he disagrees with your ''opinion'', seems like a fairly poor way to run a site. What are we supposed to think of a site that does this? I know we all hate Wikipedia, but is it a liberal value to allow dissent? [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 12:48, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:While we're quoting, here is Karajou's reaction. It can be found on [[User talk:Karajou#Blocking|his User Talk page]] and on [[Talk:Bible]]:&lt;br /&gt;
{{QuoteBox|In Genesis 3:1, the serpent questions what God said concerning the tree of life. &amp;quot;Com'on, Eve...did God really say you can't eat from that tree?&amp;quot; One can transliterate this verse any way they want, but the meaning remains the same: Satan did not attack God personally, but he attacked His word, questioning what He said, and trying to make Eve question it too, which she ultimately did.&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;The above individuals who have come here to Conservapedia specifically to edit the [[Bible]] article have attempted the same thing. Rather than prove God doesn't exist, they went after His word, repeatedly questioning it, questioning the evidence supporting it, belittling any answer which came their way...and at one point I was accused of the bias. This is going to stop. Either accept the Bible as it is, or leave. I only banned one individual when it started getting sour.  This is Conservapedia...it is not &amp;quot;Liberalpedia&amp;quot;.}}&lt;br /&gt;
:Just copy-pasting it here since it's quite relevant in my eyes. --[[User:Sid 3050|Sid 3050]] 12:49, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Note: The other person addressed in this is [[User:Petrus]], who also participated in the [[Talk:Bible]] discussion (and who got [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Special:Log&amp;amp;type=block&amp;amp;page=User:Petrus perma-banned] by TK recently for a similar-sounding reason). --[[User:Sid 3050|Sid 3050]] 12:51, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Is there somewhere else we can post this where it will get a response from somebody, or am I just being impatient? [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 12:59, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Sorry, this is pretty much the final destination of all sysop complaints. The previous station had been Andy's talk page (but the big box at the top now says to duke it out here and not there), and the only other option would be the Student Panel. And don't hold your breath. I don't honestly expect something to happen (though I still hope so) - look at the other complaints here (and on Conservative's extra-page). --[[User:Sid 3050|Sid 3050]] 13:08, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Faith is important to most Americans. Any attempt to undermine faith will be frowned upon here, particularly if directed '''towards''' any particular user. I have tolerated much sarcasm, misdirection, fooling around, and so forth without really being forceful - and been told repeatedly by senior staff that my lenience is not acceptable. I would like to make it possible for liberals or dissenters to participate, because I hate to see anyone marginalized. Believe me, I know how it feels.&lt;br /&gt;
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::But how many of you whom I have defended have ever expressed a single word of gratitude for all the hospitality you have received here? Go read the story of Jesus and the 10 lepers before you say another word about &amp;quot;abuse&amp;quot;. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 13:45, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Two users were banned infinitely for the Bible talk (Did you read it?). THREE users were banned for questioning Karajou's behavior. I was among them, and ironically enough, I got banned right after my cry for help to you. &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;Thanks for your great support here, Ed. And thanks for letting us &amp;quot;liberals&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;dissenters&amp;quot; participate.&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; Oh wait. My bad, no sarcasm on Conservapedia. So yeah. Three people get banned for trying to defend two people who got banned (and are still perma-banned). It's a good thing that I don't really care how often I get banned - otherwise I'd really look the other way the next time I see abuse. And yes, I'm slightly bitter. Please don't ban me for it, I'll possibly get better if I can go a few hours or even days without getting banned. --[[User:Sid 3050|Sid 3050]] 15:13, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Oh we are aware of just how &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;hostile&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; hospitable we have received here. Maybe its being forgotten in all of this but the editors of this site are giving something extremely valuable with our contributions. Without the editors there is NOTHING here, this place needs us far more than we need it. What do we really gain by contributing here? A place to voice our ideas? Not really, wikipedia would be the place to go for that. No, most of us originally came here as contributors. This love it or leave it attitude isn't going to fly. If all of us leave conservapedia we are not harmed in anyway, but if all of us leave conservapedia it is fatal. So who needs who? Who should be thanking who? [[User:Etaroced|Etaroced]] 15:56, 11 April 2007 (EDT) &lt;br /&gt;
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Let us not forget in all of this that a user was banned for idealogical reasons by self-conscious sysop. NousEpirrhytos should be unbanned now, or we need to toss out the conservapedia commandments and just leave it as &amp;quot;All editors are equal but some are more equal than others&amp;quot; and bask in the warming glow of censorship, authoritarianism, capriciousness, and hypocrisy. [[User:Etaroced|Etaroced]] 16:01, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:I'll also add Petrus' ban for review. It appears that he was also banned for this, although by another sysop (TK). --[[User:Sid 3050|Sid 3050]] 16:09, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==I will just assume bad faith==&lt;br /&gt;
on the above issue. since there is no effort to respond, from Andy, Ed or TK. good to know. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 13:11, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:'''Myk just got banned for one month for questioning Karajou (see his talk page and Bible talk).'''&lt;br /&gt;
:Writing quick, I might be next. --[[User:Sid 3050|Sid 3050]] 13:14, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Well, me too, probably. I just posted on Andy's page. Apparently we can't ask questions either. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 13:16, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Kinda sad that you can effectively be blocked for asking &amp;quot;Why?&amp;quot; after a sysop did something... --[[User:Sid 3050|Sid 3050]] 13:17, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::Wow.  Just...wow. [[User:Murray|Murray]] 13:22, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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(reading up) No effort to respond? Do you have any idea how many pages are on my watchlist? Try leaving a note on my [[user talk page]]. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 13:32, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Ed, I don't think Flippin really meant you, at least I wouldn't include you on the list, you've responded more than any other on that list&amp;lt;s&amp;gt; (by responding, I mean actually responding and not just whining like a little kid)&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt;. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 16:24, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==This will probably earn me a ban==&lt;br /&gt;
but why was Sid banned by Karajou? Could someone just explain how his actions harmed conservapedia? [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 13:27, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Dissent is against conservative values. [[User:Etaroced|Etaroced]] 13:30, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::Dissent's not so bad; stupidity might be frowned upon.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:20, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::...please tell me that you didn't just call me stupid and that I simply misunderstood your words in the context... --[[User:Sid 3050|Sid 3050]] 17:24, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::I appologize if/when I (may) offended (with all pertinent disclaimers).   I thought the subject had been banned, so trashing him was ok.  I dissent from my previous statement.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:27, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: re. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]]'s comment:  Seconded. [[User:Airdish|Airdish]] 13:36, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Ed Poor and Reginold== &lt;br /&gt;
'''Please keep posts in chron order!'''&lt;br /&gt;
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Ed Poor banned [[User:Reginod|Reginold]] because he didn't apologize for &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;that offended Ed Poor&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; putting words in Ed Poor's mouth, twice (as stated on the block log), even though a well stated apology is on [[User talk:Reginod‎|his talk page]]. Perhaps I will follow; I can't tell.  [[User:Sterile|Sterile]] 18:15, 16 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Avoid insults/snipes, stick to the facts, don't become idealogically biased against Conservative and Christian principles and avoid never-ending arguments and reverts, and I don't think you will have a worry. If you don't, you will be counting the days down. --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 18:23, 16 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::No, what I said was ''put words in my mouth twice - did not apologize''. That is not the same as &amp;quot;comments that offended me&amp;quot;. Your comment here is tantamount to an accusation. Please clarify your remarks. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:35, 16 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::He did apologize, though, didn't he? [[User:AKjeldsen|AKjeldsen]] 18:38, 16 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::Sorry that I misrepresented your block log comments; I was focused more on the apology that is quite extensive on his talk page.  As for TK's comment below, I see I have been placed on the [[Conservapedia:Abuse]] immediately after posting this message, which is an interesting commentary on [[justice]] on Conservapedia.  (I also hope that you all blank your User pages in deference to the Virginia Tech victims as I have.) [[User:Sterile|Sterile]] 18:57, 16 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*I would be a mistake to connect dots, Sterile.  I have been down the hall, in meetings, since I posted, so I am not aware of you being &amp;quot;watched&amp;quot;. Those kinds of comments, made by a Sysop, you would be posting about, calling them unfair, eh?  --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 19:17, 16 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I'm not going to comment.  The environment here is too hostile, and again I fear I will be interpreted.  Instead, I think this afternoon when I get a chance, I'll write an article for [[justice]] and get off the 90/10 list, and be proactive instead of defensive. [[User:Sterile|Sterile]] 08:33, 17 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Ed Poor ==&lt;br /&gt;
This is what Ed Poor wrote in a debate page &amp;quot;We should just blast you all into smithereens, you humorless bastards! BOO-WAH-HAH-HAH!!!! --Ed Poor 14:25, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&amp;quot; Doesn't this warrant a ban? Or can I say bastard without getting into trouble? --[[User:FredK|FredK]] 14:53, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::That was [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Conservapedia:Should_some_of_the_Sysops_on_here_Lighten_Up%3F&amp;amp;diff=140624&amp;amp;oldid=140266 here]. [[User:Auld Nick|Auld Nick]] 11:59, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: If I interpret 'BOO-WAH-HAH-HAH!!!!' correctly, as evil laughter, then it would seem to mitigate. Anyway, [[User:RSchlafly]] swore [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk%3ASigmund_Freud&amp;amp;diff=133574&amp;amp;oldid=133325 here] to no repercussions, so it would seem that it is condoned. --&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#222222&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Wik&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#444444&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;i&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#666666&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;nterpreter&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:Wikinterpreter talk?]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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*I fail to see swearing at the link provided, Wikinterpreter. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 23:23, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Uh, here, TK:&lt;br /&gt;
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'But Freud's work was crap,'&lt;br /&gt;
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--&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#222222&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Wik&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#444444&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;i&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#666666&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;nterpreter&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:Wikinterpreter talk?]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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:I intend to follow this up by referring to a female wolf as a bitch. Next month, I'll refer to a male chicken as a cock. Lighten up, eh? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 19:55, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*I someone here thinks using the word &amp;quot;crap&amp;quot; is swearing, I submit you are far too sheltered and unworldly to venture out onto the Internet.  --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 08:31, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: So what's the point in Commandment Number 3, then? Where do we draw the line? Because if not, then it's a load of ... oh, well I won't stoop to that level. Is this a confirmation that the use of the words 'crap' and 'bastard' is sanctioned by two admins? --&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#222222&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Wik&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#444444&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;i&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#666666&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;nterpreter&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:Wikinterpreter talk?]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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== Aschlafly ==&lt;br /&gt;
Aschlafly was acting like a bully.  He's apparently the owner of this site, so he'll get away with it, but he [http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:Aschlafly#Notice_of_likely_blocking pushed around] me &amp;amp; [[user_talk:1048247| 1048247]] pretty ruthlessly &amp;amp; without cause.  When confronted about it, he told me to leave his talk page, and discuss any problems on the article talk page itself, which [http://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Alexander_Hamilton he has not done], instead [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Alexander_Hamilton&amp;amp;action=history reverting] without explanation on the talk page.  I think this is inappropriate behavior for an admin.  As I said, nothing will get done about it, but I think he needs to know that it creates a bad work environment.  Of course, I can't tell him that on his page without getting blocked, so this will have to do.  I'm new to the site, but already I can tell that.  Doesn't that tell ''you'' something?-[[User:BillBuck|BillBuck]] 13:15, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:I've been here for a couple of months and have nothing but good things to say about Andy. I have created new articles, edited some, suggested news articles for the Breaking News section, etc. In other words, I've made several positive contributions to this site without engaging in the endless debates and discussions on contentious talk pages. I've also been watching Andy's talk page, and I've seen the vandalism on this site as well as the constant badgering that he has to deal with on a daily basis. BillBuck, I have seen your side of this issue, and I disagree. I believe Andy is very tolerant of other editors and I fully support his actions. [[User:Crocoite|Crocoite]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Crocoite|Talk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 13:50, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
That sounds like he's tolerant of people he agrees with.  The test of tolerance &amp;amp; kindness isn't how you behave towards your friends.  It's how you treat others with whom you differ in significant ways.  One of the many remarkable things about Christ was that he treated all men equally; if He had only shown favor &amp;amp; friendship towards His disciples, it wouldn't have been that impressive.  Although I'm glad it's been a positive experience for you.-[[User:BillBuck|BillBuck]] 13:58, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::I got blocked for writing this, but I stick by it.  I don't think complaining about admin abuse is the same as &amp;quot;starting a fight.&amp;quot;  The fight was started when Aschlafly insulted me.-[[User:BillBuck|BillBuck]] 20:37, 6 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*You were not blocked by Andy Schlafly, but by Karajou.  You personal page is nothing but a biased attack, not some intellectual criticism of Schlafly.  Your intentions and outlook are clear.  You were responsible for being blocked, no one else, and for no other reason than your picking a fight. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 20:55, 6 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Look, when you start blocking people for disagreeing with you, how are you better than the Taliban?-[[User:BillBuck|BillBuck]] 20:57, 6 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Obviously online wiki's are not the place for you ''if'' you cannot discern the difference between disagreements, intellectual debate, and going out of your way to provoke.  I have no dog in this hunt, other than reading your comments, and Karajou's and the others. I have never shied away from criticizing Andy, or anyone, when I thought it due, but you can (and will) do so without keeping at it to provoke acrimony. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 21:06, 6 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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You've not shown your ability to perform the same kind of distinction you ask of me.-[[User:BillBuck|BillBuck]] 21:24, 6 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
*Well, fortunately for me, then,  you are not here to judge the actions of Sysops, and there isn't any rule, guideline or Commandment saying you should or could.  Stop jerking around, and either be here to help, or I will remove you. You are ignorant of the facts in the extreme, and judgemental to the point of it being laughable.  --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 21:40, 6 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Separate Complaints About the Poster==&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;Kind of a bully&amp;quot;, huh?  Where did I here that before....hmmm...was it Chip Berlet, [http://www.religiousrightwatch.com/2005/07/the_things_peop.html] author of [http://www.organizenow.net/cco/right/propanalysis.txt Introduction to Propaganda Analysis] who &amp;quot;recommends the terms 'bullying' and its variants&amp;quot;.  Wanna see a few thousand diffs to make the point?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:40, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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What?!  I don't see the relevance.-[[User:BillBuck|BillBuck]] 14:45, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:We've heard it all.  And the cookie cutter textbook buzzwords and phrases just don't get attention anymore.  It's kinda like Pavlov's dogs or the boy who cried wolf, after hearing the same stuff over and over again, eventually you just don't hear it.&lt;br /&gt;
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:Let me give a real simple example.  This page is for sysop abuse.  Your opening sentence is uncivil and a personal attack.  Why should I read '''''any''''' further?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:01, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I've changed the tone so that the personal attack is gone.  I'm sure you'll be interested in reading the rest, now.  I think it's sad, though, that you'd ignore criticisms after a while: just like the boy that cried wolf, you might miss it when it's the real thing.  Also, since this is the first I've heard of it, it's news to me.-[[User:BillBuck|BillBuck]] 15:04, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*So, when &amp;quot;caught&amp;quot; you now show your revisionist stripes, change the tone, and want to continue your ad hominem attack?  --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 17:06, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Moving on...&lt;br /&gt;
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Is anyone going to address the substantive complaint?  So far only RobS and TK have, and just to suggest a nicer approach (which I took to heart) or mock me (which I won't).  Won't someone address the substance?-[[User:BillBuck|BillBuck]] 18:53, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*By &amp;quot;substance&amp;quot; you wish to have addressed your totally subjective, personal opinion, that Andrew Schlafly is a &amp;quot;bully&amp;quot;?  That is my understanding. Is it correct? --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 19:23, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Moving on...&lt;br /&gt;
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I mean that he doesn't care what other people have to say.  And blocks them when they disagree with him.  I mean, you've been here longer than me, so prove me wrong, but first impressions are really hard to shake, you know?-[[User:BillBuck|BillBuck]] 19:26, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: I appreciate the support here.  It's obvious to me that Bill is yet another liberal who may delight in pretending otherwise.  Bill, I'm going to check your edits now but if you're violating the 90/10 [[rule]] and don't correct that violation soon, then you will be blocked as others have been.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 19:34, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: Follow-up: after a quick look at Bill's edits, I estimate only about 10% could possibly be substantive.  Next I'll check those substantive edits (a grand total of 5) and see what they were.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 19:36, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:*You forgot to add &amp;quot;Moving on...&amp;quot; Andy.  That apparently is another Liberal device to avoid directly answering. :p --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 20:22, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*He's blocked for three days for picking a fight.  He could have handled it a lot better than he did.  [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 20:35, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:*Aren't there still boards out there that welcome the constant fighting and never-sending debate? --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 20:48, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:**Look at his edits to William Rehnquist and Anton Scalia. Not bad. [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=William_Rehnquist&amp;amp;diff=prev&amp;amp;oldid=142314] [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Antonin_Scalia&amp;amp;diff=prev&amp;amp;oldid=142318]  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 20:51, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::I'm sure those fighting boards are at Wikipedia.  When it comes to people here wanting to start a fight, it has to be put down immediately and not escalate.  [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 20:56, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Unlike you or I, Karajou, Andy is used to teaching young students, and that is why he appears (to me at least) to be if anything, overly tolerant of &amp;quot;spirited&amp;quot; discussion of a kind that always seems to turn into personal insults against him, or worse, insults to his family.  I guess some here would faint dead-away to learn some of us wouldn't tolerate more than one paragraph of personal insults, compared to the pages Andy tolerates. I do always get a chuckle when sections like this, once the perpetrator is called out, and no longer is free-posting complaint after complaint, they flee.   --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 21:06, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Okey, I'm bit lost now... This is Administrative Abuse page isn't it? And when people post here it's usually because they had an fight with an sysop. If posting here only gets the complainer to be banned for causing more fighting then what is the use to have these pages? I don't know if the former complainer for example had specially good reason to complain, but he did it quite civil and would have hoped that using these pages for what they are meant to wouldn't have just caused more trouble for him. [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 21:08, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:TK's got a good point; many of these are young people are anxious to learn the rhetorical arts, and we can show them how to be effective.  It doesn't matter what your ideology is.  A look at his contribs is impressive.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 21:15, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*I am lost too.  Is it at all possible you are so specious that you cannot tell the difference between someone complaining, and offering totally subjective, context-specific &amp;quot;evidence&amp;quot; to advance what is purely personal opinion, and something that is substantive, and possibly something that is truly questionable?  This whole topic is mostly filled with personal opinions, highly subjective complaints, mainly of personal style, rather than specific, verifiable accusations of &amp;quot;wrong doing&amp;quot;.  It should more accurately be titled &amp;quot;X did something I am mad at, and I want attention!&amp;quot;.  Perhaps I need to make &amp;quot;rules&amp;quot; for this page, more narrowly defining what is and is not something that rises to the the proper definition of &amp;quot;abuse&amp;quot;, since so very few seem to know what the word actually means. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 21:18, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I think thats an good idea TK, as i must admit that i thought i did, but seams some people have very different opinion on this subject. Mayby some clarification would be good for everyones sake. [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 21:23, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Ok, I don't like fights; that point is clear.  I also don't like people escalating those fights, and I have put a stop to the fights, usually by blocking.  I honestly don't like doing that.  But a fight must be put down before it gets out of hand; it cannot continue from the main page and escalate here, and that comes from having seen it and stopping it in police work.  The individual causing such a fight needs to follow the rules for this site as well as the sysops (myself too) need to follow some good rules on stopping the fight.  If TK can make those specific rules, I will follow them.  [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 21:25, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Karajou, I certainly hope you were not thinking anything I posted was directed at you, because it most certainly was not. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 08:29, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::No, I didn't take it that way.  My thinking was that what you said was meant to improve our own performance overall.  [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 09:20, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Karajou, I hope you realise that a fight involves at least two people and you have blocked just one. This page is for people who wish to make a complaint about something, and wish it to be looked at fairly by a third party(ies). Blocking one side of an argument doesn't immediately solve the argument (if anything it is much much worse leading to alienation and frustration). Regardless of who the complaint was directed at the argument should have been looked at objectively not just torn apart by any member of the &amp;quot;I love Schlafly&amp;quot; squad. Looking at what happened, it seems that the complaint was totally disregarded with preference to a set of ad hominem attacks on both the argument and the complainant. Surely you must see this defeats the whole point of this page? [[User:MatteeNeutra|MatteeNeutra]] 14:25, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Swearing==&lt;br /&gt;
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There are levels of &amp;quot;swear&amp;quot; words. I got &amp;quot;bastard&amp;quot; from a divinity student who later became academic dean of a small theological seminary. He translated the Latin ''Nihil illegitimati carborundum'' as &amp;quot;don't let the bastards wear you down.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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Clearly, much of the &amp;quot;abuse&amp;quot; complaints here are actually protests against policy itself - not reports of policy violations by staff. It's part of the general adolescent angst endemic amoung Liberals. All authority is evil and suspect and deserves to be torn down. &lt;br /&gt;
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The hypocrisy of this is the utter disregard of the evils of slavery in the Sudan, the double standard of enjoying electricity and fresh food in the West (while Africans should go without), and the neglect (amounting to censorship) of the totalitarian abuses of socialists.&lt;br /&gt;
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What the heck is that all about? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 08:48, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:They hate the word &amp;quot;conservative&amp;quot; in Conservapedia; they think that this is a free and open wiki; they think that no one is in charge; they think that this should be a free-for-all in which whatever it is they believe in should be shoved down our throats, and if we prevent that, why they cite free speech violations.  These people have to be told otherwise, one way or the other.  [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 09:25, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Hi Ed, might be better on a debate page, but I'd love to address some of these topics. First of all, I do not feel a special existential angst similar to that in my youth, but I have seen many abuses of authority over the years. This has led me to believe that not all conservatives are bad people, but that people in power can, if unchecked, use it poorly (no pun intended ;-) ). If you look at the case of Fargo, ND, they raised their speeding fines by about 100% a few years back. That's all well and good in theory, except it violates the state law, and now they are going to have to pay the overage (based on five years of tickets) back. The authority issue comes in because they did so knowingly---they would not let defendants see a judge, they increased the overall number of tickets by almost half again and  they have now spent (no kidding) thousands of state taxpayer dollars trying to keep my sister-in-law from getting back $86 in wrongful fines. Have you ever heard of a traffic ticket that has yielded over 300 man-hours of legal work by a state? &lt;br /&gt;
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::Abuses like these are why I became a liberal. I have seen many such instances and realized that too much authority in one person's hands makes for a dangerous situation. I regard the evils of slavery as a real threat to our security--more so than Iraq. &lt;br /&gt;
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::Not all authority need to be torn down, but it ''deserves'' questioning and a watchful eye. I don't hate George Bush anymore than I hate Mother Teresa (I didn't hate her either), but asking tough questions is my duty as a citizen. &lt;br /&gt;
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::Finally, I think you have a point when you say many of the questions here are about policy. I won't spend all day on bias, but it is very difficult to measure bias. Writing it into an article--possible, but how do please the more conservative among you as well as the more moderate? Once that dis-equity is designed, can it really be self-sustaining? I am here to see if any of you can actually do what you intend, or if eventually, you will create something nearly identical to wikipedia without blocking, protecting and guarding everything. Good comment Ed, but I hope you appreciate my position. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 09:31, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*I hate to be the one to break it to you, Flippin, but the actions you cite in Fargo, are certainly not those of Conservatives. And if they self-designated themselves as such, they are wrong. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 10:01, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Ed, I don’t think this is a particularly liberal way of thinking (look at how conservatives treat liberal authority figures on this site)—I think it is human to want to see those you disagree with have less power (how many Conservatives do you think would support warrantless wiretapping in 2009 if a Democrat is in the White House (especially if Hilary is there), and how many Liberals who opposed it when Bush did it will change their minds?).  So, yes I have no doubt that there are some liberals on this site who would like to see the current people in charge have less power.  I freely admit I’d like the religious conservatives to have less power here and those with more libertarian leanings to have more (I want people who agree with me to have more power).&lt;br /&gt;
:But I also think that part of the problem is that the rules are unclear.  I might have thought that the words in question above amounted to foul language and some sysops may have enforced the rule that way (say I used those words to describe my opinions of YEC how long do you honestly think t would take before that earned me a ban?).  There are clear double standards on what is acceptable here, at least in terms of how some of the rules are enforced, and that bothers people especially those who get the bad side of that deal.--[[User:Reginod|Reginod]] 10:05, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:*I agree, Reginod.  Religion and political issues bring out the worst in people. Those of us who have had a &amp;quot;professional&amp;quot; involvement positively cringe at the thought of getting involved with &amp;quot;the public&amp;quot; about political things, as most are at best disingenuous and at worst totally unscrupulous, in discussing all things political.  Not to mention most citizens, either here or the UK, are woefully ignorant of the whole process.  --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 10:18, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Reginod, the example you cite is an extrememly poor one; warrantless wiretaps have been '''legel''' since 1938.  Democratic President Franklin Roosevelt authorized by Executive Order wiretaps on American citizens, and he approved '''foreign''' Intelligence doing it.  Why isn't this commonly known?  Why liberal media bias, of course.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 12:47, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::I disagree.  FISA requires a warrant for wiretaps and outlines exactly under what circumstances a warentless wiretap is allowed.  FISA post-dates 1938 and so any conflict between it and a 1938 executive order would come out in favor of FISA, more importantly FISA is a law, not an executive order, and laws have more legal weight than executive orders.  But, I think that strays from the main point I was trying to make.&lt;br /&gt;
:::I gather that you support President Bush’s use of warrantless wiretaps in the War on Terror?  If Hillary Clinton (or Obama, or Edwards, or any other Democrat) were elected President in 2008, would you support her use of the same program?  Would you want a President Hillary Clinton to have the power to wiretap any phone that she or her administration deemed potentially relevant in the War on Terror?  My suspicion is that the answer there is no (if it isn’t I think you will find yourself in the minority among Conservatives).  My point was that Conservatives tend to support Bush’s use of the program because his views and theirs line up—they like a person with their views in power, and trust him to use it well—whereas Liberals tend not to support Bush’s use of the program because they have different views from him—they don’t like a person with views that different from their own, using that much power.  Likewise most Conservatives would not support a Liberal President using the exact same program, whereas most Liberals would find themselves supporting a Liberal President using that same program.  Humans, Liberal or Conservative don’t like people who have views different from their own welding power (that was my point).&lt;br /&gt;
:::I personally don’t want anyone using such a program, since I tend to be distrustful of the police power of the state in general (but that’s not especially relevant, I just figured it was only fair to be frank about where I was coming from).--[[User:Reginod|Reginod]] 13:08, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::FISA only applies to US counterintelligence operations, it does not cover cooperative sharing agreements between NATO allies.  When NSA suspects an American, through a cooperative sharing agreement, NSA can request British MI-5 to perform the wiretap, hence it is not a US federal government agency performing the tap.  Once MI-5 retrtieves the material, through an international intelligence sharing agreement they share the intelligence product with NSA.  A similiar program exists in Great Britain with a reciprocal arangement.  You will recall, it was very recently reported CIA tapped Prince Di's; stop and think momentarily, what use would CIA have in tapping Princess Di?  None, whatsoever, except British intelligence couldnt do it themselves, and it certainly would be a scandal if revealed.  It was a reciprocal cooperative sharing agreement.  Forget FISA.  It does not apply in the issue of so-called &amp;quot;domestic spying&amp;quot;.  FDR made legal prior to WWII, and has been legel ever since.  All the other stories about FISA are simply disinformation to hide the true basis of the how the program operates, and how its done legally.&lt;br /&gt;
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::::As an aside, an item of Impeachment against Richard Nixon claimed he authorized domestic wiretaps on US citizens; if this is an impeachable offense for failing to protect American citizens rights, imagine what FDR did, in peacetime, authorize domestic wiretaps '''''against US citizens by a foreign government'''''.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:44, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::I don’t know the full details of the program getting all the media coverage—I was under the impression that it didn’t involve the kind of information sharing that you describe (I am under the impression that you are quite right, if it was the sort of behavior you describe it would be legal).  But, as I said, I think that is a side point.&lt;br /&gt;
:::::For the record, let me be clear I don’t want any President (or any President’s administration) having the power to tap phonelines without some form of oversight from the judicial branch (I’d prefer something stronger than FISA, personally) -- Bush, Nixon, FRD, Clinton, you name them I don’t want any of them having that kind of power (the police power of the executive is incredibly prone to abuse and I want it at all times to be checked by at least one, and preferably two, of the other branches of our government).&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Let me get back to my point—would you want, should she become President, Hilary Clinton’s administration to have the power to wiretap phones of Americans without any judicial oversight?  I assume the answer is no, because I assume most people don’t want those ideologically different from themselves to have that much power.--[[User:Reginod|Reginod]] 13:59, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::The point is, it has been legal for nearly 70 years now, and it would probably take revamping the NATO Charter to make it illegal.  FISA had weaknesses, (1) it assumed all countertintelligence was directed at foreign governments; (2) while it made provisions for Americans acting as agents of foreign governements, it made no provision for counterintelligence agaisnt non-national entities like drug cartels or terrorist organizations; (3) its provisions for industrial espionage committed by non-governmental multinational corporations were ambiguous.  In short, the whole Patriot Act &amp;amp; FISA Acts have nothing to do with the established procedures for domestic spying, and have been distorted by members of Congress and media allies for partisan politcal purposes.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:30, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::::I will happily continue this discussion elsewhere, but not here (see below).  --[[User:Reginod|Reginod]] 14:38, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::::::Go to the discusssin page here; perhaps we can begin [[FISA]] out of this discussion.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:44, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::First of all it isn't president bush deciding who to wiretap, and who not to wiretap.  Secondly, I would support the same program with a democrat as president. --[[User:CPAdmin1|CPAdmin1]] 13:14, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Let me clarify I was using “President Bush” as a “controller-for-controlled” metonymy[http://www.sil.org/lingualinks/lexicon/MetonymiesInEnglish/WhatIsAControllerForControlled.htm] —if that was a source of confusion I apologize.&lt;br /&gt;
:::::I think you are in the minority (conservative or liberal) in supporting such a program under both Republican and Democratic presidencies, but I applaud your logical consistency. --[[User:Reginod|Reginod]] 13:28, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::&amp;quot;the actions you cite in Fargo, are certainly not those of Conservatives&amp;quot; How you could no thank boggles the mind. Maybe self-deceit is not just a &amp;quot;liberal trait.&amp;quot; Sometimes I think you just make broad pronouncements to sound important. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 11:09, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*That is just the point, Flippin. We Conservatives find that all people are important, unlike Liberals. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 12:27, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Wouldn't it be nice if we started from the assumption that all people are good-natured and mean well, rather than starting from our preconceived notions of what we expect people to act like.  After all, there is a political spectrum, there are people who don't consider themselves as &amp;quot;strongly liberal&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;strongly conservative,&amp;quot; and who remove themselves from the political system because of the bickering between the extremes on both sides.  Furthermore there are anti-abortion anti-gun law folks out there.  Not every person neatly fits into one category or another.  That we start out with an assumption that person will act or believe because of a label is truly sad (shame on all of us), and worse, if we start with a label on ourselves and create our belief system with no internal introspection, that is far more sad.  God or nature wouldn't haven't given us brains if we weren't to use them. [[User:Sterile|Sterile]] 15:28, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:I agree with all of this; when someone crosses the line into activism coordinated and aligned with the extremes we may be able to make a judgement then.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:34, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Agreed. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 21:01, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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'''Getting off topic'''&lt;br /&gt;
We're going to have to end this debate here, and choose another page (a talk page at that) for this discussion.  This page is supposed to be for abuse of admin/sysop authority, and should remain as such...so, if everyone pleases...(it was a good debate, by the way!)  [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 14:06, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:This was a good debate, and one of the reasons that we '''have''' discussion pages. Debate helps sharpen our awareness of the distinction between positions, and even sometimes what the similarities are. That will help us write better articles on the topics touched on, in the debates. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 19:23, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== False accusation by TK ==&lt;br /&gt;
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At 9:04 am sysop TK left a rather bizarre maasage on my talk page&lt;br /&gt;
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:''Tea....&lt;br /&gt;
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:''Do you enjoy it? I like Oolong best of all! Now explain yourself. --Sysop-TK /MyTalk 09:04, 8 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Rather puzzled by this, I responded in kind.&lt;br /&gt;
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::''Yes, tea is nice. I drink it because I find it quite relaxing. I recommend Mate, although it requires the proper equipment to enjoy fully. Thanks for your interest. Nematocyte 04:38, 9 May 2007 (EDT)''&lt;br /&gt;
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However, shortly afterward I was blocked for &amp;quot;sock puppets&amp;quot;, with the following message.&lt;br /&gt;
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:''Well confession is good for the soul, don't you know? Sorry, but it was the wrong answer, and you and your sock are going on vacation. --Sysop-TK /MyTalk 09:09, 9 May 2007 (EDT)''&lt;br /&gt;
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Around the same time a user with zero contributes appears to have been blocked for infinity for &amp;quot;being a sock of nematocyte&amp;quot;. I've never heard of this user, and I certainly am not using it as a sock. I work from a series of publically accessable machines, which could potentially explain TK's mistake. However, that doesn't excuse that no attempt was made to check the truth of the matter, or the general lack of civility used by TK. [[User:Nematocyte|Nematocyte]] 09:39, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Are you complaining about a lack of civility to you, Nematocyte? Or to some potentially unknown user who you are &amp;quot;protecting&amp;quot; and fighting for? --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 19:19, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Like I said, I've never heard of the user and have had no contact with them. It makes no personal difference to me what happens to them. But it would seem the correct thing for you to do would be to apologise to the both of us for your mistake. [[User:Nematocyte|Nematocyte]] 04:38, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Well it wasn't a mistake, that is the problem.  Suffice to say you are still here, and your statement, based upon nothing factual whatsoever, that no attempt was made to check it out, is false.  It is our perogative and charge to protect this site.  If mistakes are made, so be it.  But it is wrong for anyone to assume we don't check, and aren't doing the best job we can.  --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 04:47, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::My statement is based on my first hand knowledge of what is going on at my side. Namely, that contrary to your claims, I do not have a sock puppet and never have. As far as I'm aware that's 100% factual. May I ask what &amp;quot;evidence&amp;quot; there was to the contrary, and what measures ''were'' made to check it wasn't a mistake, and the reasoning being your rather cryptic questioning on my talk page? [[User:Nematocyte|Nematocyte]] 04:54, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*My post was to let you know, if you did indeed make the puppet, that we knew about it.  That's all. When a user fails to repond in a timely manner, and doesnt even bother to email, that doesn't tend to make us think they are on the up and up.  --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 05:05, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::I had gone home for the day, nothing more sinister than that. If it was a matter of timing, what was the &amp;quot;wrong answer&amp;quot; comment about? [[User:Nematocyte|Nematocyte]] 05:09, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*No denial and a talking about tea. Nothing more sinister than that. ;-)  --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 05:12, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::It was hard for me to deny something that I knew nothing about. Remember, all you left on my talk page was a bizarre question about tea, not an accussation. [[User:Nematocyte|Nematocyte]] 05:16, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Also, my question about what &amp;quot;evidence&amp;quot; there was, and what measures were taken to ensure the veracity of the accussation remain unanswered. [[User:Nematocyte|Nematocyte]] 06:08, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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TK, you owe Conservapedia users a full explanation of what happened. Nematocyte's accusations are heavy. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 06:32, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Ed Poor sysop needs a refresher in net ettiquette ==&lt;br /&gt;
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I have been on this site for nearly 3 days.  I have submitted one article and was in the process of submitting a second article when it was deleted by Ed Poor with no notification.  This site's email notification is broken so I can't get an email confirmation sent to me no matter what email address I use so I could not contact him directly.  Now I find that my IP is blocked because Ed Poor is upset that I asked for an explanation under his talk comments.&lt;br /&gt;
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What kind of site is this?  Well, as a new user I'm not impressed.  I am VERY conservative and a loyal person to the consevative ideology I thought this site was actually a place where openess and conservatism would be respected but I guess I was wrong... [[User: PatrioticAmericanCitizen|PatrioticAmericanCitizen]]&lt;br /&gt;
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Okay - let me try a different approch - how do you inquire about a sysop that shall remain nameless to ask about an IP block when you can't mention a sysop by name because they think it is a &amp;quot;personal remark&amp;quot;?&lt;br /&gt;
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Your rule says - &amp;quot;You must be civil. No bullying. &lt;br /&gt;
Your user page/discussion pages, are indeed your castle, from which you can agree, disagree and discuss issues as you will. However you cannot use them to bully, ridicule (make fun of) or attack (denigrate) Conservapedia or other users, and their opinions. There is a difference between intellectual discourse, and attacking someone for what they believe. Wikipedia condones bullying and mob rule, we don’t.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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You say no bullying but isn't using an IP block bullying in it's own right?  It's an honest question that deserves an honest answer....&lt;br /&gt;
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{{unsigned|PatrioticAmericanCitizen}}&lt;br /&gt;
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I have no idea who you are asking that question of, Patriot, but IMO, no, it isn't.  It is standard practice at most all websites. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 23:47, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I was asking it of Ed Poor without mentioning his name because on two occasions when I tried to obtain an explanation from him about his behaivior, I got an IP block as a result.  I understand the &amp;quot;standard practice&amp;quot; reason for IP blocks in general - but deleting or modifying articles (real articles not liberal vandalism type articles) without any discussion whatsoever with the person who created them on any website is wrong. As a new user to the site, I was extremely upset at being treated in this manner.  Especially after working very hard to write an article that is keeping within what I felt was the spirit of the type of articles that conservapedia.com would want on their site....I really really really really want to help this site develop if I can - I can't stand the leftward slant on wikipedia.  If that particular sysop would have just said something to me before he went and did what he did - this could have been avoided.  That's all I'm saying.  There, I feel better now :) Now back to our regularly scheduled program....&lt;br /&gt;
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[[User: PatrioticAmericanCitizen|PatrioticAmericanCitizen]]&lt;br /&gt;
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==I Second This==&lt;br /&gt;
For the past couple of days I have spent many hours researching and writing articles about British Comedy of the 50s 60s and 70s. I wrote articles on Carry On Films, and Tony Hancock, one of the all time British Comedy Greats. In doing that, I created articles about Sid James and Kenneth Williams who were in the original Hancock's half hour series along with Hattie Jacques. I spent a long time writing synopses of Hancock episodes, and finding clips. Some of these entries were about 2000 words in length.  &lt;br /&gt;
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I went on to write bios of some of the other Carry on stars including Barbara Windsor and Charles Hawtrey. Ed Poor saw my entry on Hawtrey, which touched on the fact that he was very camp and a noted homosexual, a fact well known and totally uncontraversial. He saw this and not only deleted that article without any discussion whasoever, but then went on to delte the whole body of work, on the grounds that &amp;quot;we dont want a whole load of articles glorifying the homosexual lifestyle&amp;quot;. If he had read any of the articles he would have realised that (a) Only Williams and Hawtrey were homosexuals (Williams always claimed he was celibate AND tortured himself for being gay - hardly glorifying it), and (b) Neither Tony Hancock nor Sid James were homosexual, and the other two were women, and (c) The Tony Hancock article was unchanged from when it had been copyedited by Philip Rayment&lt;br /&gt;
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Interestingly, Ed Poor also removed an article on Hattie Jacques which I had not written, but merely linked to one of my articles from it.&lt;br /&gt;
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All of this I believe is Abuse. Abuse of Power, and abuse of contributors who contribute their work in good faith. There is a system for Articles for Deletion OR even articles for speedy deletion which Ed Poor seems to be totally disregarding and thus behaving in a completely high-handed and unreasonable and totally arbitrary manner. &lt;br /&gt;
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The work that I contributed has now disappeared and I do not have any copy of it. I feel totally aggrieved and if one of my work colleagues had behaved in this manner I would be taking out a grievance procedure against him. I would vote that he be suspended from SySop-ship until he learns some modicum of self-control and reasonableness&lt;br /&gt;
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--[[User:SeanTheSheep|SeanTheSheep]] 06:28, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*All contributions to Conservapedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you don't want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then don't submit it here. Next time, keep a backup copy. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 19:45, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: The more important question, I think, is this: do sysops have any sort of responsibility to use an AFD process?  I don't mean that we need to have Wikipedia-style bureaucracy here, but I can imagine feeling miffed if you removed a bunch of things I wrote in good faith without at least giving me a chance to defend them.  [[User:Brainslug|Brainslug]] 20:14, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*&amp;quot;Feelings&amp;quot; are good.  Healthy even.  Just so long as they don't take over for logic and intellect.  If something isn't appropriate, Administrators have no other obligation than to remove it. Yes, sometimes that is unfair, unfortunately.  --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 23:07, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
I think the whole point that SeanTheSheep was trying to touch on was that the material was completely uncontroversial, was written in good faith, and deleted unilaterally. That's not unfairness, that's Wikipedia-style bureaucracy. --&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#0000CC&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Comic Sans MS&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Hojimachong|'''Hojimachong''']]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;00FFAA&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Hojimachong|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 23:53, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*I think the whole point of this, like WP, we have people who don't even know all the facts, and certainly didn't want to learn them, posting their opinions.  Especially Sysops, talking about another, ignorant, totally, of the background.  Oh well, people think it is their &amp;quot;right&amp;quot; to talk, even if they don't bother to know the facts, so who am I to point out that is wrong?  --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 03:14, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::And the point about this is that the evidence on which a sensible decision could have been made has been removed. I still want to know on what basis Sysops are granted license to summarily remove articles without discussion. Clearly if someone creates a ''Llama Sex'' article as a spoof or vandal entry then that can be summarily removed, but to remove a bona fide article ''forever'' with no discussion just on the say-so of one person seems to me an illegitimate use of Sysop powers.--[[User:SeanTheSheep|SeanTheSheep]] 05:09, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*And that is all well and good, Sean, however Andy has granted us that authority, as the Owner of this site.  So, your opinion, which is real to you, and your truth, isn't for the site owner.  ''Therefore, in matters here, that decision has already been made, months before you came here.''.  For the future, I might suggest, instead of posting here, you first try to resolve the matter personally with the Sysop involved, better through a private email or IM, that is how we prefer it done here, no matter what your experiences might be with other wiki's.  If that fails to gain results, and you still wish to pursue the matter, contact another Sysop and discuss.  Finally, failing those methods, post here.  Hope this helps. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 06:36, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::So Sysops have the powers to unilaterally remove articles without discussion, and that by your own words &amp;quot;you first try to resolve the matter personally with the Sysop involved&amp;quot;, in other words, do some behind-the-scenes negotiation. The whole process here seems remarkably anti-democratic and un-American in essence. The whole Conservapedia enterprise is beginning to look to me as if it had been imported form some dark recesses of [[George Orwell]]'s imagination.--[[User:SeanTheSheep|SeanTheSheep]] 06:49, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Well you are either incredibly naive, or misinformed.  All of the American Congress and politics in this country works like that.  Bills are introduced, negotiated behind closed doors, then brought to a public vote, and up until that vote, accomodations and changes are continually made, all in those &amp;quot;dark recesses&amp;quot; you talk about.  It seems to work, as we are indeed the oldest enduring Democratic Republic in the entire world.  We pride ourselves here at CP at not being like Wikipedia, where possibly good and valuable editors such as yourself, are not called out and subjected to public ridicule by other users, who may or may not have more expertise on the article in question. Is that your idea of American?  Disagreements between users are better played out without that public stage, unless and until a resolution cannot be reached.  Those prefering it otherwise, I suspect of liking public drama and &amp;quot;pot stirring&amp;quot; which on any site is counter-productive.  In any event, I have explained to you how we prefer it to work, so unless and until you contact Ed Poor, and ask for his thinking, no action will be taken on this complaint. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 06:59, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::::Three points: (1) At least any bill which is introduced gets to be seen and can be discussed by someone, can be discussed in an open forum, and not deleted without trace unilaterally by a group of arbitrarily chosen Sysops. (2) In addiiton, who are you to decide whether or not I would or would not want to be subjected to public ridicule? By submitting my owrk, I open myself to what you call ridicule, however, I call it peer review, and it is the principle on which all Wikis are based, whether you like it or not. That argument is non-sensical and disingenuous (3) When I asked Ed poor for an explanation I was blocked for &amp;quot;arguing&amp;quot;.--[[User:SeanTheSheep|SeanTheSheep]] 07:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::I'd wish Andy to take a position here. You, TK, have received much criticism for your harsh actions, comments and threats (usually by self-admitted liberals, I agree). In my humble opinion, you are too quick in some of your actions (blocks, comments). In addition I don't like your threats &amp;quot;you have been warned, next time...&amp;quot; or your &amp;quot;Andy has granted this and that authority&amp;quot;. I really don't know what powers you have, but I see only you using them. For example, I don't see Ed Poor behaving like you. More to the point, I don't see Andy behaving like you. It is entirely possible that before every move you make you consult with Andy. But as I said, I'd wish Andy to take a position here. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 07:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*What you are actually saying, Leopeo, is that you have seen his expressions before, you don't accept them, and wish it to be stated once again, for drama's sake.  Have you looked at the CP guidelines, at all? [[http://www.conservapedia.com/Conservapedia_Guidelines]] As for Ed, read the complaints above, he seems to stand accused by others, like I am by you.  There is a certain element of user here, who does not like the way the place is run, and wishes it to be more like Wikipedia.  I can assure you Conservapedia never will.  As for Andy, he reads and sees more here than I ever will, and it is my experience he posts when he wants to. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 07:24, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Yes, I have read the Commandments and the Guidelines (while I don't agree with the early-blocking guideline, but that is my problem). I know that Ed too has been accused (and I don't agree with all his actions). But, in my probably biased eyes, your actions and words stand out. I accept and understand how Conservapedia is run. But I certainly would prefer more humility, self control and acceptance of others from you, TK, personally. I apologize of accusing you personally, because you have never done to me anything of those things I accuse you of. &lt;br /&gt;
::Funny your comparison to Wikipedia. I thought threats and arbitrary blocking of users were not one of the ways to be different from WP. I am just asking Andy to take a position, he is not obliged to! :-) And for what I know, you may have an agreement with Andy that you are his 'sword', that is his 'hawk' side. But it would be better if it were clearly stated. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 07:43, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*LOL.  Andy has wielded his sword often, and as you are around longer, will see that. What some take as &amp;quot;threats&amp;quot; are warnings.  Some would prefer that we just block them, I prefer to make known to a user when I see them headed in the wrong direction for CP. What you see as &amp;quot;arbitrary&amp;quot; might just not be, unless you had full access to facts. Most everyone who is a Sysop has heard from Andy when someone is blocked for reasons he doesn't like.  Likewise, he is a good leader, and spreads around kudos as well.  We have disagreed about actions, privately, and respect each other enough to admit our mistakes (on those rare occasions we make them). Conversely, Ed and I agree about 90% of the time as well.  I readily admit he uses a more erudite manner, most of the time, than I do.  I am blunt and direct, a rather rare commodity in today's world, IMO, and certainly not every one's cup of tea.  However, I am fair.  Not so much when people are evasive. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 08:10, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::If you are fair, then why do you not answer the questions posed against your integrity in some of the sections above? [[User:RDre|RDre]] 10:04, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::RDre, you have not edited in three weeks or taken part in this discussion, yet appear here to impugn TK's integrity.  This may be regarded as incivility and trolling.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:43, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::It was a valid question, regardless of his edit history; that was an ad hominem comment. --&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#0000CC&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Comic Sans MS&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Hojimachong|'''Hojimachong''']]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;00FFAA&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Hojimachong|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 17:48, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Banned from IRC channel ==&lt;br /&gt;
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TK banned me from the #conservapedia [[IRC]] channel for no apparent reason, and he has declined to offer any explanation:&lt;br /&gt;
:Any particular reason you kicked and banned me from #conservapedia? --Jtl 02:44, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Yes. --Sysop-TK /MyTalk 02:47, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:And what is that reason? --Jtl 02:49, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Be patient. All will be explained, and soon. --Sysop-TK /MyTalk 02:54, 16 May 2007 (EDT) &lt;br /&gt;
:Like all those other mysterious big changes you keep talking about that are coming soon? Why won't you just answer the question and explain your actions? --Jtl 02:58, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
He had two perfectly good opportunities already to give a clue why, and has edited the site since that last question was posed, but he hasn't answered. --[[User:Jtl|Jtl]] 03:52, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*LOL. And now what?  You posted here?  Give me a break.  --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 04:49, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:: Yes.  &amp;quot;This is where you can report abuse by Sysops.&amp;quot;  I have no illusions anything will be done, mind you, but you are abusive and I'm reporting it. --[[User:Jtl|Jtl]] 12:22, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== name-calling by TK ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Now, TK has called me a [[http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=User_talk:TK&amp;amp;diff=163885&amp;amp;oldid=163757 &amp;quot;terrorist&amp;quot;]]. ''much'' lesser insults have resulted in bans for other users. --[[User:Jtl|Jtl]] 12:31, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:That's true - I remember when a user was banned for life for calling someone a 'baby'.  Last time I checked, babies weren't plotting to destroy the social fabric of American society.  What's with the double-standards?  --[[User:WWillis|WWillis]] 12:33, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::What is this ice thing?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:37, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Ann_Coulter&amp;diff=164135</id>
		<title>Talk:Ann Coulter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Ann_Coulter&amp;diff=164135"/>
		<updated>2007-05-16T16:10:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Strong following? */&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;==General comments==&lt;br /&gt;
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I didn't realize that slinging mud at other people was a valid method to defend what a person says.  No matter what, someone can mention that Hitler killed millions during the Holocaust, so it shouldn't matter that Ann Coulter is a bigoted transvestite.&lt;br /&gt;
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Coulter is crazy. Her crazyness has many aspects, one of which is a desperate seeking of attention. Another is a tendency to think of absolutly everything as a religion. Liberalism? Religion. Evolution? Religion. Another is consistantly demonising those she dislikes: Homosexuals become violent pedophile abusers, liberals become christian-hating communists, and so on. - Suricou, rambling.&lt;br /&gt;
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[http://www.hoolinet.com/straponvets/tabid/278/default.aspx] The truth about Ann Coulter.&lt;br /&gt;
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Attempting to defend Coulter's statements just exposes the incredible bias and partisanship of this site. She made a ragingly stupid, offensive and derogatory statement. There is not doubt about what she said or what it means.&lt;br /&gt;
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I don't believe that footnote is all that necessary.  Do you seriously think that anyone who's ever spoken English _doesn't_ know what a f****t is? --[[User:Sandbagger|Sandbagger]] 15:16, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Yes, it is important, for precisely the reason articulated below by [[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]]. Coulter says the word &amp;quot;has nothing to do with gays.&amp;quot; [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 16:03, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::Faggot means a bundle of sticks. I do not understand the liberal media's obsession with casting her as a bigot. She was merely pointing out an etymological anomaly. At worst, it was misinterpreted by people who were looking for something to complain about. --[[User:Deuteronomy|Deuteronomy]] 11:44, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: I'm going to look for a real definition that captures its widespread use in the 1970s as a wimp or wuss.  In slang in the 1970s it did not typically mean homosexual.  The etymology of the word has nothing to do with homosexuality, as it comes from British prep schools a century ago.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 15:19, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::I agree that it comes from British prep schools a century ago, the three-letter version anyway. More than a century ago, actually, as it appears throughout ''Tom Brown's Schooldays,'' published in 1857 and probably is derived from Hughes' experiences decades before. But I can only suppose that you have been deceived by the euphemistic way in which British prep schools have been described in literature. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 16:06, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::The three-letter version is defined by Wentworth and Flexner (1967) Dictionary of American Slang, Supplemented Edition, Crowell:&lt;br /&gt;
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::::n. 1. A cigarette c1915 .... 2 A homosexual; an effeminate man.... Although [it use for cigarettes] may have reinforced the use of the word, [three-letter version], a boy servant or lackey has been common Eng. schoolboy use since before 1830, and may be the origin....&lt;br /&gt;
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::::There is probably no way to be certain of the range of services traditionally provided by &amp;quot;boy servants or lackeys&amp;quot; in British prep schools. &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;Even Orwell's &amp;quot;Such, Such Were the Joys&amp;quot; is very elliptical on this point.&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; In &amp;quot;Such, Such Were the Joys&amp;quot; Orwell says &amp;quot;At some preparatory schools homosexuality is not a problem,&amp;quot; but is frank about its existence at St. Cyprians. He gives few details, saying that at that time he was in &amp;quot;an almost sexless state&amp;quot; and he does not use the word we're discussing. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 16:10, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]], If your source for &amp;quot;This explanation is consistent with the use of the term in American and British schools in the 20th century&amp;quot; is your own experience, all I can say is, not at the American school '''I''' attended in the 20th century. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 16:24, 11 March 2007 (EDT) &lt;br /&gt;
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::::: I don't know. But the term was never meant to apply exclusively, or even primarily, as a slur against gays.  Mayor Sharpe's use demonstrates that.  It's more plausible that homosexuals adopted the term &amp;quot;faggot&amp;quot; just as they adopted the term &amp;quot;gay&amp;quot;.  A famous Alfred Hitchcock movie (1940s?) has a line where the actor describes San Francisco as &amp;quot;gay&amp;quot;.  That was not a slur, and the adoption of the term by the homosexual movement does not mean that everyone else must immediately abandon its traditional meaning.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 16:25, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::: Even the etymology cited in the article does not support Ann Coulter's stated definition of 'wuss'. The term has never meant anything like 'wuss'. The definition connected with schools cited in the article says: ''It also may have roots in Brit. public school slang fag &amp;quot;a junior who does certain duties for a senior&amp;quot; (1785), with suggestions of &amp;quot;catamite,&amp;quot; from fag (v.). This was also used as a verb.'' [[User:Britinme|Britinme]] 10.50 24 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Now is not the 1970s, and its meaning is pretty well set at this point. --[[User:Sandbagger|Sandbagger]] 15:42, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::[http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=faggot Etymology] of the term, for anyone who's interested. [[User:Tsumetai|Tsumetai]] 15:44, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: Thanks for the citation, which I've concluded.  Does Sandbagger think the meaning of the word &amp;quot;niggardly&amp;quot; has now changed also?  I've added that incident to this entry.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 16:04, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:: I don't think the parallel is good. The meaning of &amp;quot;niggardly&amp;quot; is well-defined. The dictionary does not suggest that it is racial slur, or hint that it should be avoided because of its similarly in sound to a racial slur. The person who used it was almost certainly using it in good faith with its dictionary meaning (there's a possibility he was ''deliberately'' using it ''because'' it was similar in sound to a racial slur but I discount it). Those who objected to it were fools. &lt;br /&gt;
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:: In the case of Ann Coulter's use of the word she used, the situation is not parallel. It is much hazier. Unlike &amp;quot;niggardly,&amp;quot; the standard dictionary definition of the word '''is''' a reference to homosexuality. (I don't think anyone would argue that she was talking about a bundle of twigs). Coulter may have been going by the meaning of the word as she learned it at school. She very likely never looked it up in a dictionary. Her recollection of what the word meant in her school may be accurate&amp;amp;mdash;or may have reflected innocence on her part at the time. And in the intervening years she may never have heard the word used to mean &amp;quot;homosexual.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
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:: Yes, you could say she has &amp;quot;plausible deniability,&amp;quot; but it seems a stretch to me. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 16:40, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::: But Edwards isn't gay.  So what do you think Coulter meant by the term, if not the ordinary schoolhouse usage?  Do you think it is racist for one African American to use the &amp;quot;N&amp;quot; word to refer to another African American?  I really don't see how there can be a gay slur against someone who isn't gay.&lt;br /&gt;
::::Although Edwards is not gay, he is known for taking a lot of care with his personal appearance, particularly his hair. This trait is thought by some people to imply effeminacy. I think Coulter was using the word faggot to make that implication and associate Edwards with that trait in the minds of some people. Essentially, she was making a joke, but her claim of schoolhouse usage is thoroughly disingenuous. [[User:Britinme|Britinme]] 11.17 25 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::: By the way, dictionaries are biased just like anything else.  &amp;quot;Common Era&amp;quot; is in the dictionary now also, but we expressly reject the dictionary about that.  Conservatives resist liberal attempts to change meanings of words to suit the liberal agenda.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 16:47, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::I don't think the &amp;quot;niggardly&amp;quot; incident really has any place in this article, especially if the goal is to limit gossip. In my opinion, all that really needs to be said on the &amp;quot;faggot&amp;quot; comment is that Coulter said it, some people got upset, she apologized for it. End of story. [[User:ColinR|ColinR]] 03:27, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I removed the claim that no leading conservative group distanced themselves from their statements, because I remember reading a press release from the website of the Christian Defense Alliance doing just that. I consider this group notable because their pro-life activism has been noted on a national stage (particularly their attempts to get Rick Warren to distance themselves from Barack Obama.) [[User:MountainDew|MountainDew]] 02:29, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I thought that Conservapedia was going to stay away from this sort of trivia and gossip. Who cares about the Edwards remark? Why is it of any significance? Possibly some people were offended, but those same people are probably more offended by 100 other things that Coulter has said. I say that the whole section should be removed. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 02:44, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:No, these statements-- and the despicable, violent left-wing overreaction-- make her who she is. It's definitive, so it should stay (but be streamlined). {{unsigned|MikeM}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It's not just gossip, in my opinion, because this is a major news story that has been covered by the news. I know it's not as significant, but it's like saying that the whole Monica Lewinsky thing was just gossip. I don't want this to dominate the article, but I don't want people thinking we approve of it, because I agree with the Christian Defense Alliance and many other conservatives that Ms. Coulter makes us look bad as conservatives.&lt;br /&gt;
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This is just my personal opinion, though. [[User:MountainDew|MountainDew]] 02:46, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: There is no need to either approve or disapprove. Maybe you could say that she occasionally makes inflammatory remarks. Beyond that, I see no value to showing some opinions on this particular remark. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 03:21, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Wow, I just realized how redundant I was. &amp;quot;News story that was covered by the news&amp;quot;? I'm tired. [[User:MountainDew|MountainDew]] 03:22, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;This explanation is consistent with the use of the term in American and British schools in the 20th century, and is supported by its etymology as a term applying to someone who does duties for others more senior.[6] Edwards, whose public service consists of merely one term in the U.S. Senate, fits that meaning.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This last unsourced sentence, effectively makes conservapedia AGREE with Edwards being a &amp;quot;faggot&amp;quot;. Why not add &amp;quot;in Ann Coulter's opinion&amp;quot; to that? I came to this site with high expectations and here we have the site agreeing with childish name-calling as if it is a known, verifiable fact! [[User:deronde|deronde]] 16:05, 14 March 2007 (CDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Why is this page blocked? Doesn't it deserve the contributions of internet users like other articles, or have we decided that an article on Coulter falls below the standard for democratic exertion?--[[User:Fpresjh|Fpresjh]] 21:26, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::: It's pretty sad when a hate monger like Coulter is lionized on a site that is reputedly organized around Christian values and her blatent hate speech is ( apparently seriously ) treated to a convulated etymology that priveledges definitions far removed in place and time over the one that she so obivously meant. Isn't there some sin in this? It just goes to show the hypocracy and fascism that this project embodies.  Isn't lying a sin? Isn't corrupt use of power a sin? Oh, I forgot the intelligent design debate. Obviously some 'christians' think lying is ok when it serves a grander purpose like, say confirming their bias or damaging those they perceive as enemies for instance. Have you no shame? The lord's work indeed.  [[User:Godman|Godman]] 15:44, 15 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::::Godman, Why do you feel the necessity to engage in name calling?  Isn't using vicious invective hate speech? What about impugning motives without cause?  Doesn't throwing around the term &amp;quot;fascism&amp;quot; recklessly denigrate the meaning and suffering of fascism's real victims?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:16, 15 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:: I think Coulter's actions speak for themselves. As a practicing Christian and a true conservative I feel some compulsion to point out when radical elements co-opt the label conservative and Christian for their own seemingly cynical ends. That saddens me, as it should any Christian and any patriot, and it weakens the impact of God's message and closes hearts of those whom Coulter attacks. I didn't throw out the label fascism lightly. Coulter's position and belief seem founded on its tenents. By your tacit defense of Coulter, I gather the 'god' you worship delights in hate speech and name calling as does the brand of 'conservatism' you embrace. As it is, conservapedia is an embarassment and an abomionation. The name should be changed to radicalapedia or fascipedia.  [[User:Godman|Godman]] 18:48, 15 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::I really hope you're joking. To suggest that we should disregard MONTHS of precedent on this site and completely warp its original focus to somehow give the impression that one must be a &amp;quot;radical&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;fascist&amp;quot; in order to share their viewpoints is probably one of the most absurd, and, coincidentally, radical and fascistic concepts I have heard in a LONG time. --[[User:Deuteronomy|Deuteronomy]] 11:48, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Ann's next book==&lt;br /&gt;
Since the page is blocked, please add the following reference:&lt;br /&gt;
Ann's book publisher, The Crown Publishing Group, has no problems with Ann and is planning an October release for her next book, &amp;quot;If Democrats Had Any Brains, They'd Be Republicans.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,258370,00.html Coulter's Book Publisher Undeterred by Flap Over Remark About Gays] FoxNews.com&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[User:Crocoite|Crocoite]]&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User Talk:Crocoite|talk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 18:42, 12 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Done. [[User:MountainDew|MountainDew]] 02:31, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Ann Coulter is to politcal discourse what [[Richard Speck]] was to the nursing profession.  Thanks to hatemongers like her, Savage, and Limbaugh, we've got a country split between Conservatives who think all Liberals are communist homosexuals who murder children for thrills, and Liberals who think all conservatives are jackbooted [[Neanderthals]] who can't wait to start another [[civil war]]. --[[User:Scrap|Scrap]] 21:35, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::The liberals are for free speech &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;unless&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; it is a conservative voicing their views &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;not&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; using politically correct speech. The left resorts to name calling labeling conservatives &amp;quot;hatemongers&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;homophobes&amp;quot;, etc. I've heard the Hollywood left saying hateful speech about President Bush and the left has no problem because it's liberal politically correct. [[User:Crocoite|Crocoite]]&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User Talk:Crocoite|talk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 16:59, 21 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
::I concur. Why do we put up with all these namby pamby goofs that want to keep us from the truth. Bill Clinto is gay, look at Hillary. I would be gay too if I was married to that. We should be able to say whatever we want on this site--it is for us--not them. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 15:18, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::And one more thing, why don't we call things like they are? I read somewhere that the word &amp;quot;cowboy&amp;quot; was being replaced by &amp;quot;person of the west&amp;quot; in kids' textbooks. Can't we just call them cowboys and indians? And what about Manhole covers? Do we really need to say &amp;quot;person-hole-covers?&amp;quot; I have many black friends and I don't refer to them as &amp;quot;african-american&amp;quot; or whatever--I call them black. They call me white and we get along. Sometimes, jokingly, we call each other 'negro' but so waht? we're friends. If we want to call each other something unpopular, who cares? I applaud that senator from Virginia for calling the kid macaca, or whatever. it was meant to be funny. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 15:22, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Category ==&lt;br /&gt;
If this article is unlocked at some point, it should probably be added to [[:Category:Political people]] or [[:Category:Biographies]].  --[[User:Interiot|Interiot]] 21:37, 18 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Well that's all a matter on how one views Coulter, isn't it? I think she's in there with Mort Sahl, Rush Limbaugh, (and dare I say it:) Al Franken: People who're commentators on the world as THEY see it NOW. Sure, the underlying messages are serious but she's using the tongue-in-cheek method to be able to explore issues that one cannot approach in a serious fashion because it would look like attacks straight off. I think her a master of the use of hyperbole that gets her opponents ''so'' riled up as to leave their common sense, (and at times common courtesy), in the trunk of the car. And she knows this and ''plays'' it like it's all been scripted out beforehand.&lt;br /&gt;
:While I do not know the woman personally, I like her. In some ways she reminds me a bit of the [[User:Aschlafly| Boss']] mother. Strong, articulate, fast on her feet, personable with being overly deferential.&lt;br /&gt;
:MOO --[[User:Cracker|Cracker]]&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Cracker|talk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 14:27, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Perhaps some more information about her credentials ==&lt;br /&gt;
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I'd like to see some more information about Ann Coulter's credentials as a journalist/commentator.  Many people are unaware of her years of service as a lawyer in Washington. I'd be happy to make the addition if it was unlocked.&lt;br /&gt;
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== Biographical data ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Shouldn't an entry on an individual include at least a little biographical information? Born, educated, work history, family, etc. &lt;br /&gt;
This entry is not really about ''Ann Coulter'', it's about what ''she writes'' about.  This looks like a section in a lrger entry on Coulter, not a complete entry. Why is it blocked? How can this essential encyclopedia style information be added?&lt;br /&gt;
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:It is my understanding that Ms. Coulter is unmarried, and carries on sexual relationships outside of marriage.  This is very concerning to me, because this behavior is in direct violation of God's Laws. [[User:DunsScotus|DunsScotus]] 14:33, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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shouldn't this information be in the article? I mean we know for a fact where she was educated, where she has worked, and what her residence is. Although on that last point there has been some dispute as her voter fraud run in with the law has shown. Would that be gossip or pertinent biographical data?  The article as it stands is just pertaining to the Edwards flap and has little to do with Coulter. Why has this article been locked??&lt;br /&gt;
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:I'm not sure how this is relevant.  I find Ms. Coulter's unmarried status to be troubling, because she is of marriagable age.  I would like this Conservative icon to find Love and reconcile her personal life with the Precepts of the Divine.  [[User:DunsScotus|DunsScotus]] 18:20, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== &amp;quot;Total Fag&amp;quot; ==&lt;br /&gt;
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For context on how Ann was using the word to refer to Edwards, I just think its relevant to point out Ann's appearance on Hardball last July, after saying a day before that Bill Clinton was a latent homosexual.  &lt;br /&gt;
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MATTHEWS: Let me ask you about your private life. How do you know that Bill Clinton's gay?&lt;br /&gt;
COULTER: He may not be gay, but Al Gore, total fag.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So she's clearly aware of at least some connection between toe word Fag and homosexuality. So when she says that the word &amp;quot;has nothing to do with Gays,&amp;quot; she's kind of... you know, lying.&lt;br /&gt;
--[[User:RexMundane|RexMundane]] 15:04, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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OTHER WORD GAMES: If the censors who locked the article see this, in point of fact David Howard resigned after the &amp;quot;N-word&amp;quot; incident; he was not fired. Also, the reaction was not so much from &amp;quot;liberals&amp;quot; as from Marshall Brown, an African-American colleague of his who either misheard it or misunderstood it.&lt;br /&gt;
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== Coulter -- hardly a role model for Conservatives ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Coulter is a puzzle -- how did someone who, on innumerable occasions, quite enjoys insulting, attacking, and saying nasty and unkind things about people with whom she disagrees ever become a beacon for people who loudly proclaim they are Christians?  Judge not, that ye be not judged -- it seems plain enough that Christ himself decries such behavior, so I am eternally puzzled as to how self-avowed Christians find her actions admirable.  On purely logical grounds, her ''ad hominem'' attacks against Edwards and others are laughable (but not in the way she imagines).  In any case, what we have here is not an encylopedia entry, it's a puff piece, and one locked away so that none of us who may differ with it can do anything about it.  That doesn't sound to me as though it will lead to &amp;quot;a conservative encyclopedia you can trust&amp;quot;!  [[User:Boethius|Boethius]] 22:15, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I think Coulter's entire persona is a parody of the typical conservatives idea of 'jerk fodder.' At least I hope it is. If she's a real person... ... wow. Doesn't bear thinking about, really. --[[User:BillOReillyFan|BillOReillyFan]] 22:22, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: So? The article doesn't say that Coulter is a role model. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 22:34, 26 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::She's trying to get attention. She wants people to read her books and columns and listen to her.&lt;br /&gt;
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::Her contention is that liberals shut down debate and monopolize the airwaves and print media with their biased POV. After she gets the audience's attention, she points out this liberal bias and gives a consevative retort.&lt;br /&gt;
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::She uses irony, mockery and sarcasm to '''keep the reader's attention''' as she makes her points. &lt;br /&gt;
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::IMHO she does this as a deliberate tactic, not because it's her nature. But my tactic vs. nature speculation is, well, just personal speculation. I wish she conducted herself with as much dignity as [[Diane Ravitch]] or [[Lynne Cheney]]. On the other hand, who but me has ever read the latter two's works? Ravitch is virtually unknown outside the academic world, and Cheney is regarded merely as the VP's wife. At least Coulter gets her points across in books that keep making the ''New York Times'' bestseller list. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 10:14, 27 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Coulter tells it like it is!--[[User:Bill M|bill m]] 12:07, 29 March 2007 (EDT) 12:45, 29 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::Yeah, and all those times where she's been roven to be wrong just shows you how biased objective reality can be trying to smear her, right?--[[User:RexMundane|RexMundane]] 08:46, 30 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Schoolyard taunt?==&lt;br /&gt;
The thing that nobody seems to be commenting on is that she believes she's ''defending'' herself by calling the word &amp;quot;a schoolyard taunt.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Are &amp;quot;schoolyard taunts&amp;quot; the proper stuff of discourse between adults on matters of consequence? Does she think it is appropriate for a woman in her forties to be behaving like a schoolchild? [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 22:28, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::why don't you call her up and ask her? [[User:Jaques|Jaques]] 20:07, 27 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::Do you know where I could get appropriate contact information? [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 06:31, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: Get over it. Most politicians have occasionally made a childish wisecrack about someone on the other side of a political battle. Find me someone who never uses a taunt, and that would be news. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 20:44, 27 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::I didn't say &amp;quot;it doesn't happen.&amp;quot; Are ''you'' saying you consider it to be ''appropriate?'' For liberals? For conservatives? For responsible adults? [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 11:13, 30 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::I'd call ''Bush lied, people died'' a taunt. No one seems to care about how many Kurds Saddam gassed. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 22:40, 27 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Erm, you ''could'' say that Bush cared for the Kurds, considering he deposed Saddam. Highly unlikely, though. --&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#0000CC&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Comic Sans MS&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Hojimachong|'''Hojimachong''']]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;00FFAA&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Hojimachong|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 22:42, 27 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Offensive manner==&lt;br /&gt;
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We could mention reports of people '''taking offense''' but it's not objective to label her manner as offensive. Here's an example. Suppose I say that atheism is sinful, and John Smith feels offended. Have I given offense? Hard to say. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But if he voices an objection, we can certainly quote him:&lt;br /&gt;
*Ed says atheism is a sin. John called Ed's remark &amp;quot;offensive&amp;quot;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
That's how I would do it. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 11:46, 31 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::It would not be offensive to atheists, because sin is the transgression of God's Law, and atheists do not believe in God, so it would be like someone accusing you of transgressing the law of Zeus, or Baal.  [[User:Teresita|Teresita]] 14:43, 10 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== &amp;quot;Comedic&amp;quot; ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The opening sentence describes that Ann Coulter is &amp;quot;comedic&amp;quot; yet the article only demonstrates that the despises &amp;quot;liberals&amp;quot; and is indifferent to cultures of other nations.  Previously there was the commentary on the not-gay-related-at-all John Edwards &amp;quot;Faggot&amp;quot; remark, and since a room full of conservatives found that laugh-out-loud hilarious for whatever reason, that claim could be made, but since that is no longer present on the article there is no explanation or demonstration of her being funny.  Please either remove the word or demonstrate how she's &amp;quot;Comedic&amp;quot;, and if you could, explain how calling people Stupid Traitorous Lying Religiously-Godless Fanatical Faggots (who must not be spoken to) is funny?  Here I am, brain the size of a planet, and it only seems to me to be insulting.&lt;br /&gt;
--[[User:RexMundane|RexMundane]] 12:51, 2 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:If it will give you any comfort, Ann Coulter is relegated to the lunatic fringe by the rest of the right-wing commentariat, along with Michael Savage.  You would never find her as a guest on the Hugh Hewitt show, for example.  [[User:Teresita|Teresita]] 14:40, 10 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::I dont think being invited as a major speaker at the Conservatice Political Action Conference jives with being &amp;quot;relegated to the fringe,&amp;quot; and neither does Mitt Romney endorsing her before she speaks, but maybe thats just me.--[[User:RexMundane|RexMundane]] 15:56, 10 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== &amp;quot;My only regret with Timothy McVeigh is he did not go to the New York Times Building,&amp;quot; ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I agree that this is sufficiently troubling that a good source is needed. I think it is relevant precisely because it seems to me to go beyond the bounds of anything that can possibly be brushed off as humor. I think an Associated Press story printed in USA Today is a good enough source. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If the issue is whether the New York Observer actually printed this, I'm willing to pay the $2.95 to confirm it, but I don't think this is at issue. If this issue is whether she really said it, presumably if she issued a &amp;quot;clarification&amp;quot; (which IMHO makes it worse) to rightwingnews.com that means she acknowledges saying it. I haven't actually found this in rightwingnews.com, but believe that the AP would be reliable on this. As nearly as I can tell, rightwingnews.com is actually a conservative website (not one on which liberals track right wing excesses or anything like that). [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 09:05, 21 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Found the Right Wing News interview. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 10:56, 21 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Help me write [[Out of context]]. It also might need a title change. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 10:59, 21 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== interesting artlcle ==&lt;br /&gt;
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As you can imagine (if you read my user page) I somewhat disagree with Ms. Coulter on one or two issues.  What I found amusing about this article was that, after the blushingly adoring intro paragraphs, there are a bunch of quotes.  Ironically, they are the ones I am familiar with, from hard core left wing sources.  Nice job on the balance!  First she is praised, then her nut-job ideas are actually quoted so people can &amp;quot;decide&amp;quot; &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;who&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; what she is. [[User:Human|Human]] 22:32, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:The misquote was obviously intended to make Coulter appear to be joking about genocide when in actual context it is nothing of the sort.  She ''in fact'' is paraphrasing liberals.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 23:00, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::Which quote are you referring to?  I am talking about ''all of them''. [[User:Human|Human]] 23:11, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::Are you saying these quotes are made up? --[[User:PF Fox|PF Fox]] 12:52, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::No, not at all.  I just find it odd that the same quotes that travel in liberal circles to show, um, what we think of Ms. Coulter are the ones being presented here.  Meaning, they mostly horrify me, rather than make her seem like a leader or intelligent pundit. Ah, and the previous comments get confusing - I was asking &amp;quot;which quote&amp;quot; is the &amp;quot;misquote&amp;quot;.  My first comment was about &amp;quot;all of them&amp;quot;. [[User:Human|Human]] 13:16, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Why do you find it surprising that liberals would comment on the outrageous things that Ms. Coulter has said? Do you think that her horrifying comments about executing liberals and her disgusting smear against women who lost their husbands to 9/11 are not revealing and should not been repeated when assessing her as a pundit? --[[User:PF Fox|PF Fox]] 13:19, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Do conservatives really consider her a &amp;quot;thinker&amp;quot; or am I reading too much in this? She sounds like a total fruitcake. I mean, if she didn't go to law school, I imagine her pushing a shopping cart and arguing with mailboxes. That's about the level of thought I expect form her. Who cares what she says? She's a total idiot. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 13:23, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::She's a &amp;quot;total idiot&amp;quot; who is regularly invited to give her opinions at major Conservative gatherings and on nationally broadcast talk shows, and the misinformation she's disseminated about, for instance, Joseph McCarthy, is routinely repeated as fact by naive and ignorant souls who mistake her books for nonfiction. --[[User:PF Fox|PF Fox]] 13:27, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I know, I know. I'm just saying she's basically a troll that gets fed by ultra-conservatives and I wish they'd stop. Kind of like watching an ugly guy ask out a cute girl and the process takes a long time and is ''really'' uncomfortable.... That is what I think every time I see her on TV. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 14:21, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Why should they &amp;quot;stop feeding her?&amp;quot; She's not only a valuable source of misinformation, she helps to push out the boundaries of debate in this country closer and closer to direct advocacy of violence and political repression against Moslems, liberals, and other people she dislikes. They like that. That's why they &amp;quot;feed&amp;quot; her. --[[User:PF Fox|PF Fox]] 14:25, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::makes my heart &amp;quot;bleed&amp;quot; a little more every time I read the first two lines of her column on Thursdays. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 14:56, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Strong following? ==&lt;br /&gt;
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While there has been much talk about her as a role model above, I'd like to know if the following is true:&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;Coulter has earned a strong following among conservatives&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
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Every right-wing american I know either considers her a joke, or at least &amp;quot;you have Michael Moore, we have Ann Coulter, they are equally bad&amp;quot; (not that I would ever compare Moore to Coulter). [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 04:16, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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By taking on a human form it is able to gather minions.&lt;br /&gt;
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[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;We need to execute people like John Walker [Lindh] in order to physically intimidate liberals, by making them realize that they can be killed, too. Otherwise, they will turn out to be outright traitors,&amp;quot; Conservative Political Action Conference, January 2002. Coulter later clarified what she meant; &amp;quot;when I said we should &amp;quot;execute&amp;quot; John Walker Lindh, I mis-spoke. What I meant to say was 'We should burn John Walker Lindh alive and televise it on prime-time network TV'. My apologies for any misunderstanding that might have occurred. &amp;quot; [9] &lt;br /&gt;
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A very Christian idea.  I'm sure Jesus approves whole-heartedly.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:05, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:There is capital punishment in the Bible. Do you think the dictum &amp;quot;Judge not, lest ye be judged&amp;quot; was meant to give ''carte blanche'' to evil? Jesus spent most of his time telling people to stop doing bad things. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 12:08, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::I agree.  Jesus regularly advocated burning sinners to death.  I'm agreeing with you.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:10, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Ann_Coulter&amp;diff=164120</id>
		<title>Talk:Ann Coulter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Ann_Coulter&amp;diff=164120"/>
		<updated>2007-05-16T16:05:47Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Strong following? */&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;==General comments==&lt;br /&gt;
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I didn't realize that slinging mud at other people was a valid method to defend what a person says.  No matter what, someone can mention that Hitler killed millions during the Holocaust, so it shouldn't matter that Ann Coulter is a bigoted transvestite.&lt;br /&gt;
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Coulter is crazy. Her crazyness has many aspects, one of which is a desperate seeking of attention. Another is a tendency to think of absolutly everything as a religion. Liberalism? Religion. Evolution? Religion. Another is consistantly demonising those she dislikes: Homosexuals become violent pedophile abusers, liberals become christian-hating communists, and so on. - Suricou, rambling.&lt;br /&gt;
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[http://www.hoolinet.com/straponvets/tabid/278/default.aspx] The truth about Ann Coulter.&lt;br /&gt;
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Attempting to defend Coulter's statements just exposes the incredible bias and partisanship of this site. She made a ragingly stupid, offensive and derogatory statement. There is not doubt about what she said or what it means.&lt;br /&gt;
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I don't believe that footnote is all that necessary.  Do you seriously think that anyone who's ever spoken English _doesn't_ know what a f****t is? --[[User:Sandbagger|Sandbagger]] 15:16, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Yes, it is important, for precisely the reason articulated below by [[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]]. Coulter says the word &amp;quot;has nothing to do with gays.&amp;quot; [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 16:03, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::Faggot means a bundle of sticks. I do not understand the liberal media's obsession with casting her as a bigot. She was merely pointing out an etymological anomaly. At worst, it was misinterpreted by people who were looking for something to complain about. --[[User:Deuteronomy|Deuteronomy]] 11:44, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: I'm going to look for a real definition that captures its widespread use in the 1970s as a wimp or wuss.  In slang in the 1970s it did not typically mean homosexual.  The etymology of the word has nothing to do with homosexuality, as it comes from British prep schools a century ago.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 15:19, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::I agree that it comes from British prep schools a century ago, the three-letter version anyway. More than a century ago, actually, as it appears throughout ''Tom Brown's Schooldays,'' published in 1857 and probably is derived from Hughes' experiences decades before. But I can only suppose that you have been deceived by the euphemistic way in which British prep schools have been described in literature. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 16:06, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::The three-letter version is defined by Wentworth and Flexner (1967) Dictionary of American Slang, Supplemented Edition, Crowell:&lt;br /&gt;
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::::n. 1. A cigarette c1915 .... 2 A homosexual; an effeminate man.... Although [it use for cigarettes] may have reinforced the use of the word, [three-letter version], a boy servant or lackey has been common Eng. schoolboy use since before 1830, and may be the origin....&lt;br /&gt;
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::::There is probably no way to be certain of the range of services traditionally provided by &amp;quot;boy servants or lackeys&amp;quot; in British prep schools. &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;Even Orwell's &amp;quot;Such, Such Were the Joys&amp;quot; is very elliptical on this point.&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; In &amp;quot;Such, Such Were the Joys&amp;quot; Orwell says &amp;quot;At some preparatory schools homosexuality is not a problem,&amp;quot; but is frank about its existence at St. Cyprians. He gives few details, saying that at that time he was in &amp;quot;an almost sexless state&amp;quot; and he does not use the word we're discussing. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 16:10, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]], If your source for &amp;quot;This explanation is consistent with the use of the term in American and British schools in the 20th century&amp;quot; is your own experience, all I can say is, not at the American school '''I''' attended in the 20th century. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 16:24, 11 March 2007 (EDT) &lt;br /&gt;
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::::: I don't know. But the term was never meant to apply exclusively, or even primarily, as a slur against gays.  Mayor Sharpe's use demonstrates that.  It's more plausible that homosexuals adopted the term &amp;quot;faggot&amp;quot; just as they adopted the term &amp;quot;gay&amp;quot;.  A famous Alfred Hitchcock movie (1940s?) has a line where the actor describes San Francisco as &amp;quot;gay&amp;quot;.  That was not a slur, and the adoption of the term by the homosexual movement does not mean that everyone else must immediately abandon its traditional meaning.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 16:25, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::: Even the etymology cited in the article does not support Ann Coulter's stated definition of 'wuss'. The term has never meant anything like 'wuss'. The definition connected with schools cited in the article says: ''It also may have roots in Brit. public school slang fag &amp;quot;a junior who does certain duties for a senior&amp;quot; (1785), with suggestions of &amp;quot;catamite,&amp;quot; from fag (v.). This was also used as a verb.'' [[User:Britinme|Britinme]] 10.50 24 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Now is not the 1970s, and its meaning is pretty well set at this point. --[[User:Sandbagger|Sandbagger]] 15:42, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::[http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=faggot Etymology] of the term, for anyone who's interested. [[User:Tsumetai|Tsumetai]] 15:44, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: Thanks for the citation, which I've concluded.  Does Sandbagger think the meaning of the word &amp;quot;niggardly&amp;quot; has now changed also?  I've added that incident to this entry.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 16:04, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:: I don't think the parallel is good. The meaning of &amp;quot;niggardly&amp;quot; is well-defined. The dictionary does not suggest that it is racial slur, or hint that it should be avoided because of its similarly in sound to a racial slur. The person who used it was almost certainly using it in good faith with its dictionary meaning (there's a possibility he was ''deliberately'' using it ''because'' it was similar in sound to a racial slur but I discount it). Those who objected to it were fools. &lt;br /&gt;
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:: In the case of Ann Coulter's use of the word she used, the situation is not parallel. It is much hazier. Unlike &amp;quot;niggardly,&amp;quot; the standard dictionary definition of the word '''is''' a reference to homosexuality. (I don't think anyone would argue that she was talking about a bundle of twigs). Coulter may have been going by the meaning of the word as she learned it at school. She very likely never looked it up in a dictionary. Her recollection of what the word meant in her school may be accurate&amp;amp;mdash;or may have reflected innocence on her part at the time. And in the intervening years she may never have heard the word used to mean &amp;quot;homosexual.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
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:: Yes, you could say she has &amp;quot;plausible deniability,&amp;quot; but it seems a stretch to me. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 16:40, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::: But Edwards isn't gay.  So what do you think Coulter meant by the term, if not the ordinary schoolhouse usage?  Do you think it is racist for one African American to use the &amp;quot;N&amp;quot; word to refer to another African American?  I really don't see how there can be a gay slur against someone who isn't gay.&lt;br /&gt;
::::Although Edwards is not gay, he is known for taking a lot of care with his personal appearance, particularly his hair. This trait is thought by some people to imply effeminacy. I think Coulter was using the word faggot to make that implication and associate Edwards with that trait in the minds of some people. Essentially, she was making a joke, but her claim of schoolhouse usage is thoroughly disingenuous. [[User:Britinme|Britinme]] 11.17 25 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::: By the way, dictionaries are biased just like anything else.  &amp;quot;Common Era&amp;quot; is in the dictionary now also, but we expressly reject the dictionary about that.  Conservatives resist liberal attempts to change meanings of words to suit the liberal agenda.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 16:47, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::I don't think the &amp;quot;niggardly&amp;quot; incident really has any place in this article, especially if the goal is to limit gossip. In my opinion, all that really needs to be said on the &amp;quot;faggot&amp;quot; comment is that Coulter said it, some people got upset, she apologized for it. End of story. [[User:ColinR|ColinR]] 03:27, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I removed the claim that no leading conservative group distanced themselves from their statements, because I remember reading a press release from the website of the Christian Defense Alliance doing just that. I consider this group notable because their pro-life activism has been noted on a national stage (particularly their attempts to get Rick Warren to distance themselves from Barack Obama.) [[User:MountainDew|MountainDew]] 02:29, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I thought that Conservapedia was going to stay away from this sort of trivia and gossip. Who cares about the Edwards remark? Why is it of any significance? Possibly some people were offended, but those same people are probably more offended by 100 other things that Coulter has said. I say that the whole section should be removed. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 02:44, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:No, these statements-- and the despicable, violent left-wing overreaction-- make her who she is. It's definitive, so it should stay (but be streamlined). {{unsigned|MikeM}}&lt;br /&gt;
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It's not just gossip, in my opinion, because this is a major news story that has been covered by the news. I know it's not as significant, but it's like saying that the whole Monica Lewinsky thing was just gossip. I don't want this to dominate the article, but I don't want people thinking we approve of it, because I agree with the Christian Defense Alliance and many other conservatives that Ms. Coulter makes us look bad as conservatives.&lt;br /&gt;
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This is just my personal opinion, though. [[User:MountainDew|MountainDew]] 02:46, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: There is no need to either approve or disapprove. Maybe you could say that she occasionally makes inflammatory remarks. Beyond that, I see no value to showing some opinions on this particular remark. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 03:21, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Wow, I just realized how redundant I was. &amp;quot;News story that was covered by the news&amp;quot;? I'm tired. [[User:MountainDew|MountainDew]] 03:22, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;This explanation is consistent with the use of the term in American and British schools in the 20th century, and is supported by its etymology as a term applying to someone who does duties for others more senior.[6] Edwards, whose public service consists of merely one term in the U.S. Senate, fits that meaning.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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This last unsourced sentence, effectively makes conservapedia AGREE with Edwards being a &amp;quot;faggot&amp;quot;. Why not add &amp;quot;in Ann Coulter's opinion&amp;quot; to that? I came to this site with high expectations and here we have the site agreeing with childish name-calling as if it is a known, verifiable fact! [[User:deronde|deronde]] 16:05, 14 March 2007 (CDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Why is this page blocked? Doesn't it deserve the contributions of internet users like other articles, or have we decided that an article on Coulter falls below the standard for democratic exertion?--[[User:Fpresjh|Fpresjh]] 21:26, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::: It's pretty sad when a hate monger like Coulter is lionized on a site that is reputedly organized around Christian values and her blatent hate speech is ( apparently seriously ) treated to a convulated etymology that priveledges definitions far removed in place and time over the one that she so obivously meant. Isn't there some sin in this? It just goes to show the hypocracy and fascism that this project embodies.  Isn't lying a sin? Isn't corrupt use of power a sin? Oh, I forgot the intelligent design debate. Obviously some 'christians' think lying is ok when it serves a grander purpose like, say confirming their bias or damaging those they perceive as enemies for instance. Have you no shame? The lord's work indeed.  [[User:Godman|Godman]] 15:44, 15 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::::Godman, Why do you feel the necessity to engage in name calling?  Isn't using vicious invective hate speech? What about impugning motives without cause?  Doesn't throwing around the term &amp;quot;fascism&amp;quot; recklessly denigrate the meaning and suffering of fascism's real victims?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:16, 15 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:: I think Coulter's actions speak for themselves. As a practicing Christian and a true conservative I feel some compulsion to point out when radical elements co-opt the label conservative and Christian for their own seemingly cynical ends. That saddens me, as it should any Christian and any patriot, and it weakens the impact of God's message and closes hearts of those whom Coulter attacks. I didn't throw out the label fascism lightly. Coulter's position and belief seem founded on its tenents. By your tacit defense of Coulter, I gather the 'god' you worship delights in hate speech and name calling as does the brand of 'conservatism' you embrace. As it is, conservapedia is an embarassment and an abomionation. The name should be changed to radicalapedia or fascipedia.  [[User:Godman|Godman]] 18:48, 15 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::I really hope you're joking. To suggest that we should disregard MONTHS of precedent on this site and completely warp its original focus to somehow give the impression that one must be a &amp;quot;radical&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;fascist&amp;quot; in order to share their viewpoints is probably one of the most absurd, and, coincidentally, radical and fascistic concepts I have heard in a LONG time. --[[User:Deuteronomy|Deuteronomy]] 11:48, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Ann's next book==&lt;br /&gt;
Since the page is blocked, please add the following reference:&lt;br /&gt;
Ann's book publisher, The Crown Publishing Group, has no problems with Ann and is planning an October release for her next book, &amp;quot;If Democrats Had Any Brains, They'd Be Republicans.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,258370,00.html Coulter's Book Publisher Undeterred by Flap Over Remark About Gays] FoxNews.com&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[User:Crocoite|Crocoite]]&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User Talk:Crocoite|talk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 18:42, 12 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Done. [[User:MountainDew|MountainDew]] 02:31, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Ann Coulter is to politcal discourse what [[Richard Speck]] was to the nursing profession.  Thanks to hatemongers like her, Savage, and Limbaugh, we've got a country split between Conservatives who think all Liberals are communist homosexuals who murder children for thrills, and Liberals who think all conservatives are jackbooted [[Neanderthals]] who can't wait to start another [[civil war]]. --[[User:Scrap|Scrap]] 21:35, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::The liberals are for free speech &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;unless&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; it is a conservative voicing their views &amp;lt;u&amp;gt;not&amp;lt;/u&amp;gt; using politically correct speech. The left resorts to name calling labeling conservatives &amp;quot;hatemongers&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;homophobes&amp;quot;, etc. I've heard the Hollywood left saying hateful speech about President Bush and the left has no problem because it's liberal politically correct. [[User:Crocoite|Crocoite]]&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User Talk:Crocoite|talk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 16:59, 21 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
::I concur. Why do we put up with all these namby pamby goofs that want to keep us from the truth. Bill Clinto is gay, look at Hillary. I would be gay too if I was married to that. We should be able to say whatever we want on this site--it is for us--not them. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 15:18, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::And one more thing, why don't we call things like they are? I read somewhere that the word &amp;quot;cowboy&amp;quot; was being replaced by &amp;quot;person of the west&amp;quot; in kids' textbooks. Can't we just call them cowboys and indians? And what about Manhole covers? Do we really need to say &amp;quot;person-hole-covers?&amp;quot; I have many black friends and I don't refer to them as &amp;quot;african-american&amp;quot; or whatever--I call them black. They call me white and we get along. Sometimes, jokingly, we call each other 'negro' but so waht? we're friends. If we want to call each other something unpopular, who cares? I applaud that senator from Virginia for calling the kid macaca, or whatever. it was meant to be funny. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 15:22, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Category ==&lt;br /&gt;
If this article is unlocked at some point, it should probably be added to [[:Category:Political people]] or [[:Category:Biographies]].  --[[User:Interiot|Interiot]] 21:37, 18 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Well that's all a matter on how one views Coulter, isn't it? I think she's in there with Mort Sahl, Rush Limbaugh, (and dare I say it:) Al Franken: People who're commentators on the world as THEY see it NOW. Sure, the underlying messages are serious but she's using the tongue-in-cheek method to be able to explore issues that one cannot approach in a serious fashion because it would look like attacks straight off. I think her a master of the use of hyperbole that gets her opponents ''so'' riled up as to leave their common sense, (and at times common courtesy), in the trunk of the car. And she knows this and ''plays'' it like it's all been scripted out beforehand.&lt;br /&gt;
:While I do not know the woman personally, I like her. In some ways she reminds me a bit of the [[User:Aschlafly| Boss']] mother. Strong, articulate, fast on her feet, personable with being overly deferential.&lt;br /&gt;
:MOO --[[User:Cracker|Cracker]]&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Cracker|talk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 14:27, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Perhaps some more information about her credentials ==&lt;br /&gt;
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I'd like to see some more information about Ann Coulter's credentials as a journalist/commentator.  Many people are unaware of her years of service as a lawyer in Washington. I'd be happy to make the addition if it was unlocked.&lt;br /&gt;
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== Biographical data ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Shouldn't an entry on an individual include at least a little biographical information? Born, educated, work history, family, etc. &lt;br /&gt;
This entry is not really about ''Ann Coulter'', it's about what ''she writes'' about.  This looks like a section in a lrger entry on Coulter, not a complete entry. Why is it blocked? How can this essential encyclopedia style information be added?&lt;br /&gt;
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:It is my understanding that Ms. Coulter is unmarried, and carries on sexual relationships outside of marriage.  This is very concerning to me, because this behavior is in direct violation of God's Laws. [[User:DunsScotus|DunsScotus]] 14:33, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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shouldn't this information be in the article? I mean we know for a fact where she was educated, where she has worked, and what her residence is. Although on that last point there has been some dispute as her voter fraud run in with the law has shown. Would that be gossip or pertinent biographical data?  The article as it stands is just pertaining to the Edwards flap and has little to do with Coulter. Why has this article been locked??&lt;br /&gt;
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:I'm not sure how this is relevant.  I find Ms. Coulter's unmarried status to be troubling, because she is of marriagable age.  I would like this Conservative icon to find Love and reconcile her personal life with the Precepts of the Divine.  [[User:DunsScotus|DunsScotus]] 18:20, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== &amp;quot;Total Fag&amp;quot; ==&lt;br /&gt;
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For context on how Ann was using the word to refer to Edwards, I just think its relevant to point out Ann's appearance on Hardball last July, after saying a day before that Bill Clinton was a latent homosexual.  &lt;br /&gt;
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MATTHEWS: Let me ask you about your private life. How do you know that Bill Clinton's gay?&lt;br /&gt;
COULTER: He may not be gay, but Al Gore, total fag.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So she's clearly aware of at least some connection between toe word Fag and homosexuality. So when she says that the word &amp;quot;has nothing to do with Gays,&amp;quot; she's kind of... you know, lying.&lt;br /&gt;
--[[User:RexMundane|RexMundane]] 15:04, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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OTHER WORD GAMES: If the censors who locked the article see this, in point of fact David Howard resigned after the &amp;quot;N-word&amp;quot; incident; he was not fired. Also, the reaction was not so much from &amp;quot;liberals&amp;quot; as from Marshall Brown, an African-American colleague of his who either misheard it or misunderstood it.&lt;br /&gt;
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== Coulter -- hardly a role model for Conservatives ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Coulter is a puzzle -- how did someone who, on innumerable occasions, quite enjoys insulting, attacking, and saying nasty and unkind things about people with whom she disagrees ever become a beacon for people who loudly proclaim they are Christians?  Judge not, that ye be not judged -- it seems plain enough that Christ himself decries such behavior, so I am eternally puzzled as to how self-avowed Christians find her actions admirable.  On purely logical grounds, her ''ad hominem'' attacks against Edwards and others are laughable (but not in the way she imagines).  In any case, what we have here is not an encylopedia entry, it's a puff piece, and one locked away so that none of us who may differ with it can do anything about it.  That doesn't sound to me as though it will lead to &amp;quot;a conservative encyclopedia you can trust&amp;quot;!  [[User:Boethius|Boethius]] 22:15, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I think Coulter's entire persona is a parody of the typical conservatives idea of 'jerk fodder.' At least I hope it is. If she's a real person... ... wow. Doesn't bear thinking about, really. --[[User:BillOReillyFan|BillOReillyFan]] 22:22, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: So? The article doesn't say that Coulter is a role model. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 22:34, 26 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::She's trying to get attention. She wants people to read her books and columns and listen to her.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Her contention is that liberals shut down debate and monopolize the airwaves and print media with their biased POV. After she gets the audience's attention, she points out this liberal bias and gives a consevative retort.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::She uses irony, mockery and sarcasm to '''keep the reader's attention''' as she makes her points. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::IMHO she does this as a deliberate tactic, not because it's her nature. But my tactic vs. nature speculation is, well, just personal speculation. I wish she conducted herself with as much dignity as [[Diane Ravitch]] or [[Lynne Cheney]]. On the other hand, who but me has ever read the latter two's works? Ravitch is virtually unknown outside the academic world, and Cheney is regarded merely as the VP's wife. At least Coulter gets her points across in books that keep making the ''New York Times'' bestseller list. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 10:14, 27 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Coulter tells it like it is!--[[User:Bill M|bill m]] 12:07, 29 March 2007 (EDT) 12:45, 29 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::Yeah, and all those times where she's been roven to be wrong just shows you how biased objective reality can be trying to smear her, right?--[[User:RexMundane|RexMundane]] 08:46, 30 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Schoolyard taunt?==&lt;br /&gt;
The thing that nobody seems to be commenting on is that she believes she's ''defending'' herself by calling the word &amp;quot;a schoolyard taunt.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Are &amp;quot;schoolyard taunts&amp;quot; the proper stuff of discourse between adults on matters of consequence? Does she think it is appropriate for a woman in her forties to be behaving like a schoolchild? [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 22:28, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::why don't you call her up and ask her? [[User:Jaques|Jaques]] 20:07, 27 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::Do you know where I could get appropriate contact information? [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 06:31, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: Get over it. Most politicians have occasionally made a childish wisecrack about someone on the other side of a political battle. Find me someone who never uses a taunt, and that would be news. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 20:44, 27 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::I didn't say &amp;quot;it doesn't happen.&amp;quot; Are ''you'' saying you consider it to be ''appropriate?'' For liberals? For conservatives? For responsible adults? [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 11:13, 30 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I'd call ''Bush lied, people died'' a taunt. No one seems to care about how many Kurds Saddam gassed. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 22:40, 27 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Erm, you ''could'' say that Bush cared for the Kurds, considering he deposed Saddam. Highly unlikely, though. --&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#0000CC&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Comic Sans MS&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Hojimachong|'''Hojimachong''']]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;00FFAA&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Hojimachong|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 22:42, 27 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Offensive manner==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We could mention reports of people '''taking offense''' but it's not objective to label her manner as offensive. Here's an example. Suppose I say that atheism is sinful, and John Smith feels offended. Have I given offense? Hard to say. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But if he voices an objection, we can certainly quote him:&lt;br /&gt;
*Ed says atheism is a sin. John called Ed's remark &amp;quot;offensive&amp;quot;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
That's how I would do it. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 11:46, 31 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::It would not be offensive to atheists, because sin is the transgression of God's Law, and atheists do not believe in God, so it would be like someone accusing you of transgressing the law of Zeus, or Baal.  [[User:Teresita|Teresita]] 14:43, 10 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== &amp;quot;Comedic&amp;quot; ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The opening sentence describes that Ann Coulter is &amp;quot;comedic&amp;quot; yet the article only demonstrates that the despises &amp;quot;liberals&amp;quot; and is indifferent to cultures of other nations.  Previously there was the commentary on the not-gay-related-at-all John Edwards &amp;quot;Faggot&amp;quot; remark, and since a room full of conservatives found that laugh-out-loud hilarious for whatever reason, that claim could be made, but since that is no longer present on the article there is no explanation or demonstration of her being funny.  Please either remove the word or demonstrate how she's &amp;quot;Comedic&amp;quot;, and if you could, explain how calling people Stupid Traitorous Lying Religiously-Godless Fanatical Faggots (who must not be spoken to) is funny?  Here I am, brain the size of a planet, and it only seems to me to be insulting.&lt;br /&gt;
--[[User:RexMundane|RexMundane]] 12:51, 2 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:If it will give you any comfort, Ann Coulter is relegated to the lunatic fringe by the rest of the right-wing commentariat, along with Michael Savage.  You would never find her as a guest on the Hugh Hewitt show, for example.  [[User:Teresita|Teresita]] 14:40, 10 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I dont think being invited as a major speaker at the Conservatice Political Action Conference jives with being &amp;quot;relegated to the fringe,&amp;quot; and neither does Mitt Romney endorsing her before she speaks, but maybe thats just me.--[[User:RexMundane|RexMundane]] 15:56, 10 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== &amp;quot;My only regret with Timothy McVeigh is he did not go to the New York Times Building,&amp;quot; ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I agree that this is sufficiently troubling that a good source is needed. I think it is relevant precisely because it seems to me to go beyond the bounds of anything that can possibly be brushed off as humor. I think an Associated Press story printed in USA Today is a good enough source. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If the issue is whether the New York Observer actually printed this, I'm willing to pay the $2.95 to confirm it, but I don't think this is at issue. If this issue is whether she really said it, presumably if she issued a &amp;quot;clarification&amp;quot; (which IMHO makes it worse) to rightwingnews.com that means she acknowledges saying it. I haven't actually found this in rightwingnews.com, but believe that the AP would be reliable on this. As nearly as I can tell, rightwingnews.com is actually a conservative website (not one on which liberals track right wing excesses or anything like that). [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 09:05, 21 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Found the Right Wing News interview. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 10:56, 21 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Help me write [[Out of context]]. It also might need a title change. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 10:59, 21 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== interesting artlcle ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As you can imagine (if you read my user page) I somewhat disagree with Ms. Coulter on one or two issues.  What I found amusing about this article was that, after the blushingly adoring intro paragraphs, there are a bunch of quotes.  Ironically, they are the ones I am familiar with, from hard core left wing sources.  Nice job on the balance!  First she is praised, then her nut-job ideas are actually quoted so people can &amp;quot;decide&amp;quot; &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;who&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; what she is. [[User:Human|Human]] 22:32, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:The misquote was obviously intended to make Coulter appear to be joking about genocide when in actual context it is nothing of the sort.  She ''in fact'' is paraphrasing liberals.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 23:00, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::Which quote are you referring to?  I am talking about ''all of them''. [[User:Human|Human]] 23:11, 2 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::Are you saying these quotes are made up? --[[User:PF Fox|PF Fox]] 12:52, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::No, not at all.  I just find it odd that the same quotes that travel in liberal circles to show, um, what we think of Ms. Coulter are the ones being presented here.  Meaning, they mostly horrify me, rather than make her seem like a leader or intelligent pundit. Ah, and the previous comments get confusing - I was asking &amp;quot;which quote&amp;quot; is the &amp;quot;misquote&amp;quot;.  My first comment was about &amp;quot;all of them&amp;quot;. [[User:Human|Human]] 13:16, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Why do you find it surprising that liberals would comment on the outrageous things that Ms. Coulter has said? Do you think that her horrifying comments about executing liberals and her disgusting smear against women who lost their husbands to 9/11 are not revealing and should not been repeated when assessing her as a pundit? --[[User:PF Fox|PF Fox]] 13:19, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Do conservatives really consider her a &amp;quot;thinker&amp;quot; or am I reading too much in this? She sounds like a total fruitcake. I mean, if she didn't go to law school, I imagine her pushing a shopping cart and arguing with mailboxes. That's about the level of thought I expect form her. Who cares what she says? She's a total idiot. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 13:23, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::She's a &amp;quot;total idiot&amp;quot; who is regularly invited to give her opinions at major Conservative gatherings and on nationally broadcast talk shows, and the misinformation she's disseminated about, for instance, Joseph McCarthy, is routinely repeated as fact by naive and ignorant souls who mistake her books for nonfiction. --[[User:PF Fox|PF Fox]] 13:27, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I know, I know. I'm just saying she's basically a troll that gets fed by ultra-conservatives and I wish they'd stop. Kind of like watching an ugly guy ask out a cute girl and the process takes a long time and is ''really'' uncomfortable.... That is what I think every time I see her on TV. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 14:21, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::Why should they &amp;quot;stop feeding her?&amp;quot; She's not only a valuable source of misinformation, she helps to push out the boundaries of debate in this country closer and closer to direct advocacy of violence and political repression against Moslems, liberals, and other people she dislikes. They like that. That's why they &amp;quot;feed&amp;quot; her. --[[User:PF Fox|PF Fox]] 14:25, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::makes my heart &amp;quot;bleed&amp;quot; a little more every time I read the first two lines of her column on Thursdays. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 14:56, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Strong following? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
While there has been much talk about her as a role model above, I'd like to know if the following is true:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Coulter has earned a strong following among conservatives&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Every right-wing american I know either considers her a joke, or at least &amp;quot;you have Michael Moore, we have Ann Coulter, they are equally bad&amp;quot; (not that I would ever compare Moore to Coulter). [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 04:16, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
By taking on a human form it is able to gather minions.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;We need to execute people like John Walker [Lindh] in order to physically intimidate liberals, by making them realize that they can be killed, too. Otherwise, they will turn out to be outright traitors,&amp;quot; Conservative Political Action Conference, January 2002. Coulter later clarified what she meant; &amp;quot;when I said we should &amp;quot;execute&amp;quot; John Walker Lindh, I mis-spoke. What I meant to say was 'We should burn John Walker Lindh alive and televise it on prime-time network TV'. My apologies for any misunderstanding that might have occurred. &amp;quot; [9] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A very Christian idea.  I'm sure Jesus approves whole-heartedly.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:05, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Neanderthal&amp;diff=164053</id>
		<title>Neanderthal</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Neanderthal&amp;diff=164053"/>
		<updated>2007-05-16T15:35:40Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The first fossil humanoid to be identified as such, and the best known, named after remains found in the [[Neander]] valley in western [[Germany]] in 1856. ''Neanderthal'' is found throughout [[Europe]] and the [[Near East]].  Neanderthal man is associated with the Middle Paleolithic [[Mousterian]] tool tradition. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Thieme, Hartmut. &amp;quot;Lower to Midle Paleolithic Huntin Spears, and Lithic Tool Traditions.&amp;quot; Archaeology, 13, 2003.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Anatomy==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Human_Skeleton.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Neanderthal (left) and human (right) skeletons, showing both the similarities and the differences between the species.]]&lt;br /&gt;
A Neanderthal was a fully erect biped of stocky build, with a long low skull, prominent brow ridges and [[occiputs]], and a jutting face. &lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthals were on average more muscular than humans and lacked a chin, they were social creatures living in small tribes, like the humans of their time, Neanderthals also possessed the skull features required for speech &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthal Myths &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Neanderthal, Channel 4&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/N/neanderthal/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
The popular impression of him as a stooping brute is incorrect and derives from the original poor reconstruction in the Neanderthal valley. It has also been suggested that the first individual found suffered from vitamin D deficiency ([[rickets]]) or [[syphilis]].&lt;br /&gt;
Whether Neanderthals did interbreed, or if this was even possible remains unknown, so far the small amounts of Neanderthal [[DNA]] found do not suggest a recent genetic link between the species &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Odd man out: Neanderthals and modern humans &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;British Archaeology&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba51/ba51feat.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthal also had an average brain size of 1,450 cc with a range from 1,125cc to 1,750cc.  Average modern human brain size is 1,330cc.  Many Neanderthal fossils have been recovered showing massive amounts of wear on the teeth, which to many physical anthropologists suggests that the teeth were regularly used for gripping skins during stretching and working.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Klein, Richard. The Dawn of Human Culture. New York, John Wiley and Sons, 2002.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Society==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From http://www.icr.org/article/468/:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|&lt;br /&gt;
No other organisms, either living or fossil, made tools to make other complex tools, buried their dead, had controlled use of fire, practiced religious ceremonies, used complex syntax in their spoken grammar, and played musical instruments, yet we know from their fossils that Neanderthal engaged in all.&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthals were probably about as intelligent as an average human, they were social creatures living in small tribes, like the humans of their time, studies suggest that Neanderthal tribes interacted less with each other than human tribes did. {{fact}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthals had the ability to make fire. They never invented projectile weapons but relied on spears with limited range, even when facing large animals, their robust bodies enabled them to use this hunting style that was considered far too dangerous by humans. {{fact}} A common hunting technique was to drive prey animals off a cliff, or corner them prey and finish them of with spears, much like today's [[Pygmees]] hunt elephants.{{fact}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Evidence of care for the elderly and the sick has been found in the Shanidar Caves in Iraq, &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals on Trial &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;University of Minnesota, Duluth&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/video/On_Trial.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, they also used medicinal plants, made clothes out of animal skins and used stone tools. A find at rock shelters in La Ferrassie, France indicates elaborate burials, suggesting some sort of religion &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Early Man &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Andy Simmons&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www-staff.it.uts.edu.au/~simmonds/Sophy/early_man.htm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
Interestingly archaeologists have never found Neanderthal cave drawings, although hand-crafted art has been found &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthal 'face' found in Loire &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;BBC News &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/3256228.stm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History according to Creationists==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Young Earth Creationism|Young Earth Creationists]] believe that Neanderthals were as fully human as we are.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/am/v1/n2/worthy-ancestors&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; This is based on evidence such as:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The brain size of neanderthal meets or exceeds that of humans today.&lt;br /&gt;
* There is no evidence to suggest that Neanderthals could '''not''' speak like modern humans.&lt;br /&gt;
* The skeletons of humans and neanderthal are identical in bone count and types. The size differences between the two can be seen today in humans.&lt;br /&gt;
* DNA evidence shows neanderthalvery similar to humans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From http://www.icr.org/article/468/:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|&lt;br /&gt;
The recent recovery of mitochondrial DNA from the right humerus of the Neanderthal remains from Neander Valley near Dusseldorf, Germany, has been of great interest to evolutionists and creationists alike (Krings et al., 1997). Based on the comparison of modern human mt DNA and that taken from the Neanderthal, evolutionists have argued that the &amp;quot;Neanderthal line&amp;quot; diverged from the line of &amp;quot;hominids&amp;quot; leading to modern humans about 600,000 years B.P. without contributing mt DNA to modern Homo sapiens populations. This strongly implies that Neanderthals were a different species from modern humans. However, the above noted interpretation is not scientifically justified. Lubenow (1998) has pointed out that the use of a statistical average of a large modern human sample (994 sequences from 1669 modern humans) compared with the mt DNA sequence from one Neanderthal is not appropriate. Furthermore, the mt DNA sequence differences among modern humans range from 1 to 24 substitutions, with an average of eight substitutions, whereas, the mt DNA sequence differences between modern man and the Neanderthal specimen range from 22 to 36 substitutions, placing Neanderthals, at worst, on the fringes of the modern range.&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Harsh conditions due to the [[Ice Age]] after the [[flood|Great flood]] caused human groups to migrate and splinter off to survive.  Neanderthal type traits were best suited for the harsh cold.  Malnutrition and longer life spans could cause features similar to those seen in Neanderthal skeletons. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals are still human [http://www.icr.org/article/468/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History according to evolutionists ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Neanderthal_sites.gif|right|thumb|350px|The last refuges of the Neanderthals, with evolutionary dates.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Evolutionists believe that Neanderthal man developed from ''Homo erectus'', though the widespread distribution of intermediate forms hinders an attempt to resolve any single geographical locality as the place of development. The fate of Neanderthals is equally hard to determine, but they are believed to have gone extinct between 28,000 and 24,000 years ago &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals' 'last rock refuge' ''BBC News'' [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/5343266.stm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, but how or why is unknown: many theories have been presented, these are the most common ones: &lt;br /&gt;
* Climate changes. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Climate Change Pushed Neanderthal Into Extinction In Iberian Peninsula ''GeneticArchaeology.com'' [http://www.geneticarchaeology.com/Research/Climate_Change_Pushed_Neanderthal_Into_Extinction_In_Iberian_Peninsula.asp]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Competition with other humans over resources.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Did Use of Free Trade Cause Neanderthal Extinction? ''Newswise'' [http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/510666/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Their reliance on meat.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Meaty appetites may have caused Neanderthal extinction ''Science &amp;amp; Spirit'' [http://www.science-spirit.org/archive_cm_detail.php?new_id=317]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Assimilation into the larger human population.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The assimilation model, modern human origins in Europe and the extinction of Neanderthals ''Fred H. Smith, Ivor Jankovic, Ivor Karavanic'' [http://www.ffzg.hr/arheo/prap/the%20assimilation%20model.pdf]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* An interspecies &amp;quot;Zeroth World War&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Odd man out: Neanderthals and modern humans ''British Archaeology'' [http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba51/ba51feat.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Evolutionists consider it likely that a combination of at least some of these factors led to the extinction of the Neanderthals.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthal Man is not considered to be a direct ancestor of modern humans, but their remains are examples of [[transitional fossil]]s along a subsidiary branch, an evolutionary dead end.{{fact}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Primates]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Hominid]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Neanderthal&amp;diff=164049</id>
		<title>Neanderthal</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Neanderthal&amp;diff=164049"/>
		<updated>2007-05-16T15:34:19Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Society */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The first fossil humanoid to be identified as such, and the best known, named after remains found in the [[Neander]] valley in western [[Germany]] in 1856. ''Neanderthal'' is found throughout [[Europe]] and the [[Near East]].  Neanderthal man is associated with the Middle Paleolithic Mousterian tool tradition. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Thieme, Hartmut. &amp;quot;Lower to Midle Paleolithic Huntin Spears, and Lithic Tool Traditions.&amp;quot; Archaeology, 13, 2003.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Anatomy==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Human_Skeleton.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Neanderthal (left) and human (right) skeletons, showing both the similarities and the differences between the species.]]&lt;br /&gt;
A Neanderthal was a fully erect biped of stocky build, with a long low skull, prominent brow ridges and [[occiputs]], and a jutting face. &lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthals were on average more muscular than humans and lacked a chin, they were social creatures living in small tribes, like the humans of their time, Neanderthals also possessed the skull features required for speech &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthal Myths &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Neanderthal, Channel 4&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/N/neanderthal/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
The popular impression of him as a stooping brute is incorrect and derives from the original poor reconstruction in the Neanderthal valley. It has also been suggested that the first individual found suffered from vitamin D deficiency ([[rickets]]) or [[syphilis]].&lt;br /&gt;
Whether Neanderthals did interbreed, or if this was even possible remains unknown, so far the small amounts of Neanderthal [[DNA]] found do not suggest a recent genetic link between the species &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Odd man out: Neanderthals and modern humans &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;British Archaeology&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba51/ba51feat.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthal also had an average brain size of 1,450 cc with a range from 1,125cc to 1,750cc.  Average modern human brain size is 1,330cc.  Many Neanderthal fossils have been recovered showing massive amounts of wear on the teeth, which to many physical anthropologists suggests that the teeth were regularly used for gripping skins during stretching and working.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Klein, Richard. The Dawn of Human Culture. New York, John Wiley and Sons, 2002.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Society==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From http://www.icr.org/article/468/:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|&lt;br /&gt;
No other organisms, either living or fossil, made tools to make other complex tools, buried their dead, had controlled use of fire, practiced religious ceremonies, used complex syntax in their spoken grammar, and played musical instruments, yet we know from their fossils that Neanderthal engaged in all.&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthals were probably about as intelligent as an average human, they were social creatures living in small tribes, like the humans of their time, studies suggest that Neanderthal tribes interacted less with each other than human tribes did. {{fact}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthals had the ability to make fire. They never invented projectile weapons but relied on spears with limited range, even when facing large animals, their robust bodies enabled them to use this hunting style that was considered far too dangerous by humans. {{fact}} A common hunting technique was to drive prey animals off a cliff, or corner them prey and finish them of with spears, much like today's [[Pygmees]] hunt elephants.{{fact}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Evidence of care for the elderly and the sick has been found in the Shanidar Caves in Iraq, &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals on Trial &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;University of Minnesota, Duluth&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/video/On_Trial.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, they also used medicinal plants, made clothes out of animal skins and used stone tools. A find at rock shelters in La Ferrassie, France indicates elaborate burials, suggesting some sort of religion &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Early Man &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Andy Simmons&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www-staff.it.uts.edu.au/~simmonds/Sophy/early_man.htm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
Interestingly archaeologists have never found Neanderthal cave drawings, although hand-crafted art has been found &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthal 'face' found in Loire &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;BBC News &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/3256228.stm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History according to Creationists==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Young Earth Creationism|Young Earth Creationists]] believe that Neanderthals were as fully human as we are.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/am/v1/n2/worthy-ancestors&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; This is based on evidence such as:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The brain size of neanderthal meets or exceeds that of humans today.&lt;br /&gt;
* There is no evidence to suggest that Neanderthals could '''not''' speak like modern humans.&lt;br /&gt;
* The skeletons of humans and neanderthal are identical in bone count and types. The size differences between the two can be seen today in humans.&lt;br /&gt;
* DNA evidence shows neanderthalvery similar to humans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
From http://www.icr.org/article/468/:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{cquote|&lt;br /&gt;
The recent recovery of mitochondrial DNA from the right humerus of the Neanderthal remains from Neander Valley near Dusseldorf, Germany, has been of great interest to evolutionists and creationists alike (Krings et al., 1997). Based on the comparison of modern human mt DNA and that taken from the Neanderthal, evolutionists have argued that the &amp;quot;Neanderthal line&amp;quot; diverged from the line of &amp;quot;hominids&amp;quot; leading to modern humans about 600,000 years B.P. without contributing mt DNA to modern Homo sapiens populations. This strongly implies that Neanderthals were a different species from modern humans. However, the above noted interpretation is not scientifically justified. Lubenow (1998) has pointed out that the use of a statistical average of a large modern human sample (994 sequences from 1669 modern humans) compared with the mt DNA sequence from one Neanderthal is not appropriate. Furthermore, the mt DNA sequence differences among modern humans range from 1 to 24 substitutions, with an average of eight substitutions, whereas, the mt DNA sequence differences between modern man and the Neanderthal specimen range from 22 to 36 substitutions, placing Neanderthals, at worst, on the fringes of the modern range.&lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Harsh conditions due to the [[Ice Age]] after the [[flood|Great flood]] caused human groups to migrate and splinter off to survive.  Neanderthal type traits were best suited for the harsh cold.  Malnutrition and longer life spans could cause features similar to those seen in Neanderthal skeletons. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals are still human [http://www.icr.org/article/468/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History according to evolutionists ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Neanderthal_sites.gif|right|thumb|350px|The last refuges of the Neanderthals, with evolutionary dates.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Evolutionists believe that Neanderthal man developed from ''Homo erectus'', though the widespread distribution of intermediate forms hinders an attempt to resolve any single geographical locality as the place of development. The fate of Neanderthals is equally hard to determine, but they are believed to have gone extinct between 28,000 and 24,000 years ago &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals' 'last rock refuge' ''BBC News'' [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/5343266.stm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, but how or why is unknown: many theories have been presented, these are the most common ones: &lt;br /&gt;
* Climate changes. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Climate Change Pushed Neanderthal Into Extinction In Iberian Peninsula ''GeneticArchaeology.com'' [http://www.geneticarchaeology.com/Research/Climate_Change_Pushed_Neanderthal_Into_Extinction_In_Iberian_Peninsula.asp]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Competition with other humans over resources.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Did Use of Free Trade Cause Neanderthal Extinction? ''Newswise'' [http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/510666/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Their reliance on meat.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Meaty appetites may have caused Neanderthal extinction ''Science &amp;amp; Spirit'' [http://www.science-spirit.org/archive_cm_detail.php?new_id=317]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Assimilation into the larger human population.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The assimilation model, modern human origins in Europe and the extinction of Neanderthals ''Fred H. Smith, Ivor Jankovic, Ivor Karavanic'' [http://www.ffzg.hr/arheo/prap/the%20assimilation%20model.pdf]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* An interspecies &amp;quot;Zeroth World War&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Odd man out: Neanderthals and modern humans ''British Archaeology'' [http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba51/ba51feat.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Evolutionists consider it likely that a combination of at least some of these factors led to the extinction of the Neanderthals.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthal Man is not considered to be a direct ancestor of modern humans, but their remains are examples of [[transitional fossil]]s along a subsidiary branch, an evolutionary dead end.{{fact}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Primates]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Hominid]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Neanderthal&amp;diff=163951</id>
		<title>Neanderthal</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Neanderthal&amp;diff=163951"/>
		<updated>2007-05-16T14:42:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The first fossil humanoid to be identified as such, and the best known, named after remains found in the [[Neander]] valley in western [[Germany]] in 1856. ''Homo neanderthalensis'' is found throughout [[Europe]] and the [[Near East]] and also the remainder of the [[Old World]] in variant forms, during the late Middle and Upper Pleistocene thought by some to be circa 80,000 to 30,000 years ago. Within western Europe the remains are associated with the Middle [[Paleolithic]] [[Mousterian]] stone tool industries that disappeared with the arrival of [[Cro-magnon]] man (early modern Humans.) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthal Man is associated with the Middle Paleolithic Mousterian tool tradition &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Thieme, Hartmut &amp;quot;Lower to Midle Paleolithic Hunting Spears, and Lithic Tool Traditions.&amp;quot; Archaeology 13, 2003&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Anatomy==&lt;br /&gt;
A Neanderthal was a fully erect biped of stocky build, with a long low skull, prominent brow ridges and [[occiputs]], and a jutting face. &lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthals appear on average more muscular than humans and lacked a chin, they were social creatures living in small tribes. Neanderthals also possessed the skull features required for speech &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthal Myths &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Neanderthal, Channel 4&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/N/neanderthal/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
The popular impression of him as a stooping brute is incorrect and derives from the original poor reconstruction in the Neanderthal valley. It has also been suggested that the first individual found suffered from vitamin D deficiency ([[rickets]]) or [[syphilis]].&lt;br /&gt;
Whether Neanderthals did interbreed, or if this was even possible remains unknown, so far the small amounts of Neanderthal [[DNA]] found do not suggest a recent genetic link between the species &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Odd man out: Neanderthals and modern humans &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;British Archaeology&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba51/ba51feat.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Homo neanderthalensis also had an average brainsize of 1,450 cc with a range from 1,125cc to 1,750cc. Average human brain size now is about 1,330cc. &lt;br /&gt;
Reseachers speculate Neanderthals needed this extra brain-mass to control there large muscle-mass.&lt;br /&gt;
Many Neanderthal fossils have been recovered showing massive amounts of wear on the teeth, which to many physical anthropologists suggests that the teeth were regularly used for gripping skins during stretching and working.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The Dawn of Human Culture &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Richard Klein, New York, John Wiley and Sons, 2002&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Society==&lt;br /&gt;
Evidence suggests Neanderthals may have been about as intelligent as an average human, they were social creatures living in small tribes, and that Neanderthal tribes interacted less with each other than human tribes did.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthals had the ability to make fire, for food they relied on hunting, and were probably strictly carnivorous &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Living like a Neanderthal &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Neanderthal, Channel 4&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/N/neanderthal/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
They never invented projectile weapons but relied on spears with limited range, even when facing large animals, their robust bodies enabled them to use this hunting style that was considered far too dangerous by humans.&lt;br /&gt;
A common hunting technique was to drive prey animals off a cliff, or corner them prey and finish them of with spears, much like today's [[Pygmees]] hunt elephants.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Evidence of care for the elderly and the sick has been found at the Shanindar Caves site.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals on Trial &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;University of Minnesota, Duluth&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/video/On_Trial.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, they also used medicinal plants, made clothes out of animal skins and used stone tools. Neanderthals performed elaborate burying rituals.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Early Man &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Andy Simmons&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www-staff.it.uts.edu.au/~simmonds/Sophy/early_man.htm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
Interestingly archaeologists have never found Neanderthal cave drawings, although handcrafted art has been found &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthal 'face' found in Loire &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;BBC News &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/3256228.stm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthal man is thought to have developed from ''Homo erectus'', though the widespread distribution of an [[evolution]]ary &amp;quot;intermediate form&amp;quot; hinders an attempt to resolve any single geographical locality as the place of development. The fate of Neanderthals is equally hard or determine, some scientists think they went extinct between 28,000 and 24,000 years ago &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals' 'last rock refuge' &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;BBC News&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/5343266.stm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, but they can't explain how or why: many theories have been presented, these are the most common ones: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- Climate changes. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Climate Change Pushed Neanderthal Into Extinction In Iberian Peninsula &amp;lt;i&amp;gt; GeneticArchaeology.com&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.geneticarchaeology.com/Research/Climate_Change_Pushed_Neanderthal_Into_Extinction_In_Iberian_Peninsula.asp]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- Competition with humans over resources. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Did Use of Free Trade Cause Neanderthal Extinction? &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Newswise&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/510666/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- Their reliance on meat. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Meaty appetites may have caused Neanderthal extinction &amp;lt;i&amp;gt; Science &amp;amp; Spirit &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[http://www.science-spirit.org/archive_cm_detail.php?new_id=317]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- Assimilation into the larger human population. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The assimilation model, modern human origins in Europe and the extinction of Neanderthals &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Fred H. Smith, Ivor Jankovic, Ivor Karavanic&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.ffzg.hr/arheo/prap/the%20assimilation%20model.pdf]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- An interspecies &amp;quot;Zeroth World War&amp;quot;. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Odd man out: Neanderthals and modern humans &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;British Archaeology &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba51/ba51feat.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Some postulate it is likely a combination of at least some of these factors led to the extinction of the Neanderthals.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthal Man is not considered to be a direct ancestor of modern humans by evolutionists.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Creationist's views==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Young Earth Creationism|Young Earth Creationists]] do not believe Neanderthals were a now extinct prehistoric sentient species, but believe that Neanderthals were fully human &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/am/v1/n2/worthy-ancestors&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, based on these factors:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The brain size of neanderthalensis meets or exceeds that of humans today.&lt;br /&gt;
* They had the ability to speak, like humans.&lt;br /&gt;
* The skeletons of humans and neanderthalensis are very similar in bone count and types. The size differences between the two can be seen today in humans.&lt;br /&gt;
* DNA evidence shows neanderthalensis very similar to humans &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals are still human http://www.icr.org/article/468/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, evolutionists believe this proves a close relationship, creationists believe it proves Neanderthals were fullblooded humans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Creationists believe that Neanderthals were a splinter-group of humanity who adapted to survive the [[Ice Age]] after the [[flood|Great flood]]. Neanderthal type traits were best suited for the harsh cold.  Malnutrition and longer life spans could cause features similar to those seen in Neanderthal skeletons &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;ibid&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For these reasons creationists call neanderthals &amp;quot;Homo sapiens neanderthalensis&amp;quot;, classifying them as a human subspecies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Primates]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Hominid]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Neanderthal&amp;diff=163950</id>
		<title>Neanderthal</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Neanderthal&amp;diff=163950"/>
		<updated>2007-05-16T14:40:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Society */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The first fossil humanoid to be identified as such, and the best known, named after remains found in the [[Neanderthal]] valley in western [[Germany]] in 1856. ''Homo neanderthalensis'' is found throughout [[Europe]] and the [[Near East]] and also the remainder of the [[Old World]] in variant forms, during the late Middle and Upper Pleistocene thought by some to be circa 80,000 to 30,000 years ago. Within western Europe the remains are associated with the Middle [[Paleolithic]] [[Mousterian]] stone tool industries that disappeared with the arrival of [[Cro-magnon]] man (early modern Humans.) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthal Man is associated with the Middle Paleolithic Mousterian tool tradition &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Thieme, Hartmut &amp;quot;Lower to Midle Paleolithic Hunting Spears, and Lithic Tool Traditions.&amp;quot; Archaeology 13, 2003&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Anatomy==&lt;br /&gt;
A Neanderthal was a fully erect biped of stocky build, with a long low skull, prominent brow ridges and [[occiputs]], and a jutting face. &lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthals appear on average more muscular than humans and lacked a chin, they were social creatures living in small tribes. Neanderthals also possessed the skull features required for speech &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthal Myths &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Neanderthal, Channel 4&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/N/neanderthal/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
The popular impression of him as a stooping brute is incorrect and derives from the original poor reconstruction in the Neanderthal valley. It has also been suggested that the first individual found suffered from vitamin D deficiency ([[rickets]]) or [[syphilis]].&lt;br /&gt;
Whether Neanderthals did interbreed, or if this was even possible remains unknown, so far the small amounts of Neanderthal [[DNA]] found do not suggest a recent genetic link between the species &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Odd man out: Neanderthals and modern humans &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;British Archaeology&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba51/ba51feat.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Homo neanderthalensis also had an average brainsize of 1,450 cc with a range from 1,125cc to 1,750cc. Average human brain size now is about 1,330cc. &lt;br /&gt;
Reseachers speculate Neanderthals needed this extra brain-mass to control there large muscle-mass.&lt;br /&gt;
Many Neanderthal fossils have been recovered showing massive amounts of wear on the teeth, which to many physical anthropologists suggests that the teeth were regularly used for gripping skins during stretching and working.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The Dawn of Human Culture &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Richard Klein, New York, John Wiley and Sons, 2002&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Society==&lt;br /&gt;
Evidence suggests Neanderthals may have been about as intelligent as an average human, they were social creatures living in small tribes, and that Neanderthal tribes interacted less with each other than human tribes did.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthals had the ability to make fire, for food they relied on hunting, and were probably strictly carnivorous &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Living like a Neanderthal &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Neanderthal, Channel 4&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/N/neanderthal/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
They never invented projectile weapons but relied on spears with limited range, even when facing large animals, their robust bodies enabled them to use this hunting style that was considered far too dangerous by humans.&lt;br /&gt;
A common hunting technique was to drive prey animals off a cliff, or corner them prey and finish them of with spears, much like today's [[Pygmees]] hunt elephants.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Evidence of care for the elderly and the sick has been found at the Shanindar Caves site.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals on Trial &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;University of Minnesota, Duluth&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/video/On_Trial.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, they also used medicinal plants, made clothes out of animal skins and used stone tools. Neanderthals performed elaborate burying rituals.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Early Man &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Andy Simmons&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www-staff.it.uts.edu.au/~simmonds/Sophy/early_man.htm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
Interestingly archaeologists have never found Neanderthal cave drawings, although handcrafted art has been found &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthal 'face' found in Loire &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;BBC News &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/3256228.stm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthal man is thought to have developed from ''Homo erectus'', though the widespread distribution of an [[evolution]]ary &amp;quot;intermediate form&amp;quot; hinders an attempt to resolve any single geographical locality as the place of development. The fate of Neanderthals is equally hard or determine, some scientists think they went extinct between 28,000 and 24,000 years ago &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals' 'last rock refuge' &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;BBC News&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/5343266.stm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, but they can't explain how or why: many theories have been presented, these are the most common ones: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- Climate changes. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Climate Change Pushed Neanderthal Into Extinction In Iberian Peninsula &amp;lt;i&amp;gt; GeneticArchaeology.com&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.geneticarchaeology.com/Research/Climate_Change_Pushed_Neanderthal_Into_Extinction_In_Iberian_Peninsula.asp]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- Competition with humans over resources. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Did Use of Free Trade Cause Neanderthal Extinction? &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Newswise&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/510666/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- Their reliance on meat. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Meaty appetites may have caused Neanderthal extinction &amp;lt;i&amp;gt; Science &amp;amp; Spirit &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[http://www.science-spirit.org/archive_cm_detail.php?new_id=317]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- Assimilation into the larger human population. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The assimilation model, modern human origins in Europe and the extinction of Neanderthals &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Fred H. Smith, Ivor Jankovic, Ivor Karavanic&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.ffzg.hr/arheo/prap/the%20assimilation%20model.pdf]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- An interspecies &amp;quot;Zeroth World War&amp;quot;. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Odd man out: Neanderthals and modern humans &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;British Archaeology &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba51/ba51feat.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Some postulate it is likely a combination of at least some of these factors led to the extinction of the Neanderthals.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthal Man is not considered to be a direct ancestor of modern humans by evolutionists.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Creationist's views==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Young Earth Creationism|Young Earth Creationists]] do not believe Neanderthals were a now extinct prehistoric sentient species, but believe that Neanderthals were fully human &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/am/v1/n2/worthy-ancestors&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, based on these factors:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The brain size of neanderthalensis meets or exceeds that of humans today.&lt;br /&gt;
* They had the ability to speak, like humans.&lt;br /&gt;
* The skeletons of humans and neanderthalensis are very similar in bone count and types. The size differences between the two can be seen today in humans.&lt;br /&gt;
* DNA evidence shows neanderthalensis very similar to humans &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals are still human http://www.icr.org/article/468/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, evolutionists believe this proves a close relationship, creationists believe it proves Neanderthals were fullblooded humans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Creationists believe that Neanderthals were a splinter-group of humanity who adapted to survive the [[Ice Age]] after the [[flood|Great flood]]. Neanderthal type traits were best suited for the harsh cold.  Malnutrition and longer life spans could cause features similar to those seen in Neanderthal skeletons &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;ibid&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For these reasons creationists call neanderthals &amp;quot;Homo sapiens neanderthalensis&amp;quot;, classifying them as a human subspecies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Primates]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Hominid]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Neanderthal&amp;diff=163948</id>
		<title>Neanderthal</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Neanderthal&amp;diff=163948"/>
		<updated>2007-05-16T14:31:08Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The first fossil humanoid to be identified as such, and the best known, named after remains found in the [[Neanderthal]] valley in western [[Germany]] in 1856. ''Homo neanderthalensis'' is found throughout [[Europe]] and the [[Near East]] and also the remainder of the [[Old World]] in variant forms, during the late Middle and Upper Pleistocene thought by some to be circa 80,000 to 30,000 years ago. Within western Europe the remains are associated with the Middle [[Paleolithic]] [[Mousterian]] stone tool industries that disappeared with the arrival of [[Cro-magnon]] man (early modern Humans.) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthal Man is associated with the Middle Paleolithic Mousterian tool tradition &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Thieme, Hartmut &amp;quot;Lower to Midle Paleolithic Hunting Spears, and Lithic Tool Traditions.&amp;quot; Archaeology 13, 2003&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Anatomy==&lt;br /&gt;
A Neanderthal was a fully erect biped of stocky build, with a long low skull, prominent brow ridges and [[occiputs]], and a jutting face. &lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthals appear on average more muscular than humans and lacked a chin, they were social creatures living in small tribes. Neanderthals also possessed the skull features required for speech &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthal Myths &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Neanderthal, Channel 4&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/N/neanderthal/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
The popular impression of him as a stooping brute is incorrect and derives from the original poor reconstruction in the Neanderthal valley. It has also been suggested that the first individual found suffered from vitamin D deficiency ([[rickets]]) or [[syphilis]].&lt;br /&gt;
Whether Neanderthals did interbreed, or if this was even possible remains unknown, so far the small amounts of Neanderthal [[DNA]] found do not suggest a recent genetic link between the species &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Odd man out: Neanderthals and modern humans &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;British Archaeology&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba51/ba51feat.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Homo neanderthalensis also had an average brainsize of 1,450 cc with a range from 1,125cc to 1,750cc. Average human brain size now is about 1,330cc. &lt;br /&gt;
Reseachers speculate Neanderthals needed this extra brain-mass to control there large muscle-mass.&lt;br /&gt;
Many Neanderthal fossils have been recovered showing massive amounts of wear on the teeth, which to many physical anthropologists suggests that the teeth were regularly used for gripping skins during stretching and working.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The Dawn of Human Culture &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Richard Klein, New York, John Wiley and Sons, 2002&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Society==&lt;br /&gt;
Evidence suggests Neanderthals may have been about as intelligent as an average human, they were social creatures living in small tribes, and that Neanderthal tribes interacted less with each other than human tribes did.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthals had the ability to make fire, for food they relied on hunting, and were probably strictly carnivorous &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Living like a Neanderthal &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Neanderthal, Channel 4&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/N/neanderthal/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
They never invented projectile weapons but relied on spears with limited range, even when facing large animals, their robust bodies enabled them to use this hunting style that was considered far too dangerous by humans.&lt;br /&gt;
A common hunting technique was to drive prey animals off a cliff, or corner them prey and finish them of with spears, much like today's [[Pygmees]] hunt elephants.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Evidence of care for the elderly and the sick has been found &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals on Trial &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;University of Minnesota, Duluth&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/video/On_Trial.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, they also used medicinal plants, made clothes out of animal skins and used stone tools. Neanderthals performed elaborate burying rituals.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Early Man &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Andy Simmons&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www-staff.it.uts.edu.au/~simmonds/Sophy/early_man.htm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
Interestingly archaeologists have never found Neanderthal cave drawings, although handcrafted art has been found &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthal 'face' found in Loire &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;BBC News &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/3256228.stm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthal man is thought to have developed from ''Homo erectus'', though the widespread distribution of an [[evolution]]ary &amp;quot;intermediate form&amp;quot; hinders an attempt to resolve any single geographical locality as the place of development. The fate of Neanderthals is equally hard or determine, some scientists think they went extinct between 28,000 and 24,000 years ago &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals' 'last rock refuge' &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;BBC News&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/5343266.stm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, but they can't explain how or why: many theories have been presented, these are the most common ones: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- Climate changes. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Climate Change Pushed Neanderthal Into Extinction In Iberian Peninsula &amp;lt;i&amp;gt; GeneticArchaeology.com&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.geneticarchaeology.com/Research/Climate_Change_Pushed_Neanderthal_Into_Extinction_In_Iberian_Peninsula.asp]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- Competition with humans over resources. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Did Use of Free Trade Cause Neanderthal Extinction? &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Newswise&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/510666/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- Their reliance on meat. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Meaty appetites may have caused Neanderthal extinction &amp;lt;i&amp;gt; Science &amp;amp; Spirit &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[http://www.science-spirit.org/archive_cm_detail.php?new_id=317]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- Assimilation into the larger human population. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The assimilation model, modern human origins in Europe and the extinction of Neanderthals &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Fred H. Smith, Ivor Jankovic, Ivor Karavanic&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.ffzg.hr/arheo/prap/the%20assimilation%20model.pdf]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- An interspecies &amp;quot;Zeroth World War&amp;quot;. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Odd man out: Neanderthals and modern humans &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;British Archaeology &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba51/ba51feat.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Some postulate it is likely a combination of at least some of these factors led to the extinction of the Neanderthals.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthal Man is not considered to be a direct ancestor of modern humans by evolutionists.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Creationist's views==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Young Earth Creationism|Young Earth Creationists]] do not believe Neanderthals were a now extinct prehistoric sentient species, but believe that Neanderthals were fully human &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/am/v1/n2/worthy-ancestors&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, based on these factors:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The brain size of neanderthalensis meets or exceeds that of humans today.&lt;br /&gt;
* They had the ability to speak, like humans.&lt;br /&gt;
* The skeletons of humans and neanderthalensis are very similar in bone count and types. The size differences between the two can be seen today in humans.&lt;br /&gt;
* DNA evidence shows neanderthalensis very similar to humans &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals are still human http://www.icr.org/article/468/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, evolutionists believe this proves a close relationship, creationists believe it proves Neanderthals were fullblooded humans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Creationists believe that Neanderthals were a splinter-group of humanity who adapted to survive the [[Ice Age]] after the [[flood|Great flood]]. Neanderthal type traits were best suited for the harsh cold.  Malnutrition and longer life spans could cause features similar to those seen in Neanderthal skeletons &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;ibid&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For these reasons creationists call neanderthals &amp;quot;Homo sapiens neanderthalensis&amp;quot;, classifying them as a human subspecies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Primates]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Hominid]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Muhammad&amp;diff=163904</id>
		<title>Talk:Muhammad</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Muhammad&amp;diff=163904"/>
		<updated>2007-05-16T13:58:58Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Not even sure where to start with this one, but it should be more in-depth and probably needs to be started from scratch.--[[User:John|John]] 22:12, 7 March 2007 (EST)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This page should be fixed after everyone gets a good laugh at the vandal--[[User:Elamdri|Elamdri]] 00:06, 12 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Preferred Transliteration?==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is also a stub under [[Muhammad]]. Which should we prefer: Muhammad or Mohammed? [[User:Rich P|Dr. Richard Paley]] 10:51, 12 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:'''Muhammad''' with a redirect from Mohammed.  Here's some good source material [http://nobsnews.blogspot.com/1993/11/growths-of-civilizations.html#political%20career%20of%20muhammad THE POLITICAL CAREER OF MUHAMMAD] (p.466 on)  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 23:06, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Images depicting Muhammad==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We had one in the article but someone removed it. I assume this is because of the modern Muslim taboo on images depicting Muhammad. Should Conservapedia adhere to this prohibition? [[User:Sulgran|Sulgran]] 21:58, 7 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:NO. It is not our job to censor ourselves of a historically accurate image due to the whining of some religious group. We can respect their values, but we certainly should not adhere to them. If we did, we'd all be wearing turbans and praising Allah right about now. --&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#0000CC&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Comic Sans MS&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Hojimachong|'''Hojimachong''']]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;00FFAA&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Hojimachong|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 22:32, 7 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There is no 'modern taboo' on his images. For more than 1000 years no pictures of him were permitted incase people started to 'worship' it- because he is a Prophet, not to be mistaken for Allah. Also, no picture is worthy to depict the beauty of the Prophet. &lt;br /&gt;
Respecting a religion does not require one to adhere to it- you repsect thats all you do. For example, if I were to enter a Church, in respect of the religion, I would dress modestly- not like a nun.&lt;br /&gt;
On another note, there is a mistake in the article in relation to the so called &amp;quot;massacre of Jews in Madina&amp;quot; (mind you the source of this statement is NOT reliable). Yes there were three Jewish tribes living in Madina when the Prophet (peace be upon him) and fellow Muslims settled there. The first thing Prophet Muhammed (PBUH) did was sign a treaty with the Jews, however, the Jews broke this treaty as of day one when they tried to force the Muslims out of Medina. The Jews were actually waiting for a Prophet to arrive, however, as Prophet Muhammed (PBUH) was Muslim they rejected his Prophethood.&lt;br /&gt;
:Of course, there is no &amp;quot;modern taboo&amp;quot;, and I think Sulgran knew that. And if I am not mistaken, the Shi'as are much more lenient when it comes to showing pictures. &lt;br /&gt;
:And thank you for the comparison of you entering a church and showing respect. Unfortunately, this is not a holy building; it is an encyclopedia, which will portray Muhammad as a historical figure first, prophet next. As a historical figure, he existed, and notable artists have portrayed him. --&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#0000CC&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Comic Sans MS&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Hojimachong|'''Hojimachong''']]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;00FFAA&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Hojimachong|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 11:37, 18 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Citation ==&lt;br /&gt;
Why is there no citation for the part of this article?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 09:58, 16 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Jerry_Falwell&amp;diff=162744</id>
		<title>Talk:Jerry Falwell</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Jerry_Falwell&amp;diff=162744"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T21:52:10Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Sept 11 comments */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{protected|Geo.plrd}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This page needs improvement to do justice to Rev. Falwell.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I rolled back the liberal gossip about Falwell and Rev. Moon.  It's nothing more than a smear effort of the sort we don't allow under our [[rules]].  Falwell is not an adherent of Rev. Moon's church and Falwell is entitled to do business just like everyone else.  The smear was unsupported by a credible resource.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be fair to Christians and everyone else here.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 22:16, 8 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Also I'm not sure that rotten.com is a &amp;quot;reliable&amp;quot; source.[[User:Rob Pommer| Cracker]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 22:18, 8 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: My addition to this article is based on fact, not opinion.  Critics do indeed attack Falwell's connection the Unification Church.  This is not an attack or &amp;quot;smear&amp;quot; on Christians in general but a verifiable fact about the controversy surrounding a public figure.  Opposing viewpoints supported by citations are welcome, but this is tantamount to censorhip.  Rotten has an admitted liberal bias but all their info in this instance is credible and independently verifiable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
--[[User:Hektor|Hektor]] 22:22, 8 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I'm going to edit this article over the next couple days.  Falwell has been a tremendous educator, and his efforts deserve more than this.  Stay tuned!  --[[User:Thammersmith|Thammersmith]] 21:12, 10 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I'm not sure why my changes were reverted.  Jerry Falwell has ties to Republican causes and the Moral Majority is a part of the Religious Right, not the Religious right.  For instance the Christian Coalition is part of the Religious Right as well. [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 01:58, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
(Belated question) How is it a &amp;quot;smear&amp;quot; to link Falwell and Moon? Has [[Rev. Moon]] done something wrong? (Apart from not accepting [[Young Earth creationism]], I mean ;-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 16:30, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Just passed away==&lt;br /&gt;
CCN just reported his death today.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 13:39, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Someone commented out his support for apartheid.  Not sure why as it's factual and documented.  I removed the comment block around it...apologies for the double edit.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: Jerry Falwell was frequently misquoted and misinterpreted by anti-Christian enemies.  Don't expect any unsourced, biased and misleading information, motivated by anti-Christian animus, to be allowed here.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 16:20, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
My Civil Procedure professor represented Larry Flynt in his successful defense of Falwell's suit before the Supreme Court.  He also played Falwell's attorney (switching sides) in the film version of the trial.  Fun stuff.  -'''Speak[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:SpeakerOfTheDead er]''' 16:38, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==South Africa and apartheid==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Time magazine, Monday, Sep. 02, 1985:&lt;br /&gt;
*Falwell opposes apartheid, but professed faith that Botha will dismantle the system eventually, if only everyone is patient. [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,959695,00.html]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I stand corrected.  I'll update changes to reflect this. Stompum&lt;br /&gt;
*Page is locked.  Mods please remove the line about Falwell's support for Apartheid.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sept 11 comments ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Why were these deleted?  They're important, widely publicized, etc.  I can't imagine anything other than censorship - that hallmark of Wikipedia - that would compel you to leave his unpopular side out of the article.-'''Speak[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:SpeakerOfTheDead er]''' 17:13, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:When will you revert to re-include his Sept 11th comments?-'''Speak[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:SpeakerOfTheDead er]''' 17:44, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I believe that in the Nancy Pelosi article there is a section about her marching in the same group as a NAMBLA member. Seems very biased and one-sided to leave that part in there, but then take out any mention of Falwell's hateful statements on 9-11 because it might make him look bad.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 17:52, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Quotes==&lt;br /&gt;
Here's a website (I know it's biased, but the quotes are accurate): http://home.att.net/~jrhsc/devil.html&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You can form your own opinion about him, I don't care what you think, but I just thought it might be helpful to create an opinion on him (to conservatives: look for the two anti-semitic quotes.)&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Homo_neanderthalensis&amp;diff=162526</id>
		<title>Homo neanderthalensis</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Homo_neanderthalensis&amp;diff=162526"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T20:33:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:Neanderthals.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Modern reconstruction of Neanderthal men.]]&lt;br /&gt;
The first fossil humanoid to be identified as such, and the best known, named after remains found in the [[Neanderthal]] valley in western [[Germany]] in 1856. ''Homo neanderthalensis'' is found throughout [[Europe]] and the [[Near East]] and also the remainder of the [[Old World]]. According to archaeologists, Neanderthals existed in variant forms, during the late Middle and Upper Pleistocene circa 80,000 to 30,000 years ago. Within western Europe the remains are associated with the Middle [[Paleolithic]] [[Mousterian]] stone tool industries that disappeared with the arrival of [[Cro-magnon]] man (early modern Humans.) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthal Man is associated with the Middle Paleolithic Mousterian tool tradition &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Thieme, Hartmut &amp;quot;Lower to Midle Paleolithic Hunting Spears, and Lithic Tool Traditions.&amp;quot; Archaeology 13, 2003&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Anatomy==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Human_Skeleton.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Neanderthal (left) and human (right) skeletons, showing both the similarities and the differences between the species.]]&lt;br /&gt;
A Neanderthal was a fully erect biped of stocky build, with a long low skull, prominent brow ridges and [[occiputs]], and a jutting face. &lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthals were on average significantly more muscular than humans and lacked a chin, they were social creatures living in small tribes, like the humans of their time, Neanderthals also possessed the skull features required for speech &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthal Myths &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Neanderthal, Channel 4&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/N/neanderthal/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
The popular impression of him as a stooping brute is incorrect and derives from the original poor reconstruction in the Neanderthal valley. It has also been suggested that the first individual found suffered from vitamin D deficiency ([[rickets]]) or [[syphilis]].&lt;br /&gt;
Whether Neanderthals did interbreed, or if this was even possible remains unknown, so far the small amounts of Neanderthal [[DNA]] found do not suggest a recent genetic link between the species &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Odd man out: Neanderthals and modern humans &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;British Archaeology&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba51/ba51feat.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Homo neanderthalensis also had an average brainsize of 1,450 cc with a range from 1,125cc to 1,750cc. Average modern human brain size today is 1,330cc. &lt;br /&gt;
Presumably Neanderthals needed this extra brain-mass to control there large muscle-mass.&lt;br /&gt;
Many Neanderthal fossils have been recovered showing massive amounts of wear on the teeth, which to many physical anthropologists suggests that the teeth were regularly used for gripping skins during stretching and working.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The Dawn of Human Culture &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Richard Klein, New York, John Wiley and Sons, 2002&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Society==&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthals were probably about as intelligent as an average human, they were social creatures living in small tribes, like the humans of their time, studies suggest that Neanderthal tribes interacted less with each other than human tribes did.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthals had the ability to make fire, for food they relied on hunting, they were predominantly carnivorous &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Living like a Neanderthal &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Neanderthal, Channel 4&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/N/neanderthal/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
They never invented projectile weapons but relied on spears with limited range, even when facing large animals, their robust bodies enabled them to use this hunting style that was considered far too dangerous by humans.&lt;br /&gt;
A common hunting technique was to drive prey animals off a cliff, or corner them prey and finish them of with spears, much like today's [[Pygmees]] hunt elephants.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Evidence of care for the elderly and the sick has been found &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals on Trial &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;University of Minnesota, Duluth&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/video/On_Trial.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, they also used medicinal plants, made clothes out of animal skins and used stone tools. Neanderthals performed elaborate burying rituals, suggesting some sort of religion &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Early Man &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Andy Simmons&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www-staff.it.uts.edu.au/~simmonds/Sophy/early_man.htm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
Interestingly archaeologists have never found Neanderthal cave drawings, although handcrafted art has been found &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthal 'face' found in Loire &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;BBC News &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/3256228.stm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Neanderthal_sites.gif|right|thumb|350px|The last refuges of the Neanderthals.]]&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthal man is thought to have developed from ''Homo erectus'', though the widespread distribution of intermediate form hinders an attempt to resolve any single geographical locality as the place of development. The fate of Neanderthals is equally hard or determine, we know they went extinct between 28,000 and 24,000 years ago &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals' 'last rock refuge' &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;BBC News&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/5343266.stm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, but we don't know how or why: many theories have been presented, these are the most common ones: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- Climate changes. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Climate Change Pushed Neanderthal Into Extinction In Iberian Peninsula &amp;lt;i&amp;gt; GeneticArchaeology.com&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.geneticarchaeology.com/Research/Climate_Change_Pushed_Neanderthal_Into_Extinction_In_Iberian_Peninsula.asp]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- Competition with humans over resources. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Did Use of Free Trade Cause Neanderthal Extinction? &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Newswise&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/510666/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- Their reliance on meat. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Meaty appetites may have caused Neanderthal extinction &amp;lt;i&amp;gt; Science &amp;amp; Spirit &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[http://www.science-spirit.org/archive_cm_detail.php?new_id=317]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- Assimilation into the larger human population. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The assimilation model, modern human origins in Europe and the extinction of Neanderthals &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Fred H. Smith, Ivor Jankovic, Ivor Karavanic&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.ffzg.hr/arheo/prap/the%20assimilation%20model.pdf]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- An interspecies &amp;quot;Zeroth World War&amp;quot;. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Odd man out: Neanderthals and modern humans &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;British Archaeology &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba51/ba51feat.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is likely a combination of at least some of these factors led to the extinction of the Neanderthals.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthal Man is not considered to be a direct ancestor of modern humans, they were an evolutionary dead end.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Creationist's views==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Young Earth Creationism|Young Earth Creationists]] believe in a 6000 year old Earth, and therefore reject the view that Neanderthals lived from 80.000 to about 30.000 years ago.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Creationists do not believe Neanderthals were a now extinct prehistoric sentient species, but believe that Neanderthals were fully human &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/am/v1/n2/worthy-ancestors&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, based on these factors:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* The brain size of neanderthalensis meets or exceeds that of humans today.&lt;br /&gt;
* They had the ability to speak, like humans.&lt;br /&gt;
* The skeletons of humans and neanderthalensis are very similar in bone count and types. The size differences between the two can be seen today in humans.&lt;br /&gt;
* DNA evidence shows neanderthalensis very similar to humans &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.icr.org/article/468/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, evolutionists believe this proves a close relationship, creationists believe it proves Neanderthals were fullblooded humans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Creationists believe that Neanderthals were a splinter-group of humanity who adapted to survive the [[Ice Age]] after the [[flood|Great flood]]. Neanderthal type traits were best suited for the harsh cold.  Malnutrition and longer life spans could cause features similar to those seen in Neanderthal skeletons &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals are still human [http://www.icr.org/article/468/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For these reasons creationists call neanderthals &amp;quot;Homo sapiens neanderthalensis&amp;quot;, classifying them as a human subspecies.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Primates]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Hominid]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Race&amp;diff=162333</id>
		<title>Talk:Race</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Race&amp;diff=162333"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T18:44:18Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Was this lifted from a nineteenth century textbook? */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Since the Great Flood ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In my opinion, this part should at least be introduced as &amp;quot;According to Creationists&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;For those who believe in...&amp;quot;.[[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 16:53, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Its a [[Conservapedia:Differences with Wikipedia|conservative fact]], see [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Conservapedia_talk:Commandments&amp;amp;diff=41919&amp;amp;oldid=40811%20talk:Commandments here]. [[User:Auld Nick|Auld Nick]] 12:25, 12 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You mean conservatives ''wish''it were a fact. Which is not the same thing as it being a ''fact''--[[User:27102340|27102340]] 12:39, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Neanderthal==&lt;br /&gt;
They seem to have forgotten the Neanderthal.  As it is currently listed as Homo sapiens neanderthalensis on this website it should be listed as one of the races.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:25, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Only if it says so in the Bible. [[User:Auld Nick|Auld Nick]] 11:48, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Was this lifted from a nineteenth century textbook?==&lt;br /&gt;
Good Freaking God. Newsflash: Asians are not &amp;quot;yellow.&amp;quot; Native Americans are not &amp;quot;Red.&amp;quot; Stupidpedia strikes again!--[[User:27102340|27102340]] 12:31, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:If this article is going to mention what science once thought about races, then at least get it right.  The original physical anthropologists that developed the biological race model had only three races: Caucasians, Mongloids, and Negroids.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:35, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Whaaa...you mean the scientists, to whom we all genuflect before as barers and guardians of truth and knowledge, have been ''wrong''?  Wow.  And those scientific facts were once used to promote and justify racism and genocide?  My word. [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:06, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oh my God!!Scientists actually make mistakes like every other person on this planet, and if they are proven wrong they actually change their theories??  Wait...Wait...Oh that's right...science is an open system as opposed to a closed system. Duh...[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:11, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:At least we are out of the dark ages, where persecution and genocide was done in the name of Christianity and the Church.  Thank heaven.  Now we at least have atheists, rationalists, and science to blame for our progressive thinking which results in mass murder.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:14, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Yah...good thing those white Christian upper-class gentlemen in the 19th century needing some way of justifying racist policies could turn to science to do their dirty work.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:16, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Yeah, isn't science a Bitc*? I mean, instead of living in your cave, following the sheep around, now you have central heat, air, the internet, the internal combustion engine. Dang, science make these Christians so miserable.--[[User:27102340|27102340]] 13:24, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Yep.  It was science that gave &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;mankind&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; personkind Zyklon B, and the instructions how to use it.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:11, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::What?  So science was wrong in the past.  Isn't there something in the Bible about the sins of the fathers?  How is that relevant to science today?  Part of science's ''strength'' is that it changes with new discoveries...-'''Speak[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:SpeakerOfTheDead er]''' 14:15, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
And it was non-scientific politicans that decided to use it.  Same as the atom bomb, dynamite, and napalm.  So would you also blame the company that makes the gun used to kill someone, or the person that pulled the trigger?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 14:13, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Good point.-'''Speak[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:SpeakerOfTheDead er]''' 14:15, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
My point is that you really sound ignorant villifying science like that.  Last time I checked there weren't a whole helluva lot of people with polio or smallpox around anymore.  If one day your appendix blows science has made it possible for you to still survive without being bled by leeches.  How many peopl are saved by organ transplants every year?  Science did that for you.  Science in and of itself doesn't kill.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 14:22, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Right. Science create napalm, VX gas, Sarin gas, etc., and it's &amp;quot;progress&amp;quot;; then when poltical leaders try to stop the spread of '''this brilliant knowledge''', where are they to be found?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:28, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hmm... Union of Concerned Scienists that are against nuclear weapons, International Network of Engineers and Scientists Against Proliferation, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, and alot of other scientists that are against such things.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 14:44, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Race&amp;diff=162302</id>
		<title>Talk:Race</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Race&amp;diff=162302"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T18:22:21Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Was this lifted from a nineteenth century textbook? */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Since the Great Flood ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In my opinion, this part should at least be introduced as &amp;quot;According to Creationists&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;For those who believe in...&amp;quot;.[[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 16:53, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Its a [[Conservapedia:Differences with Wikipedia|conservative fact]], see [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Conservapedia_talk:Commandments&amp;amp;diff=41919&amp;amp;oldid=40811%20talk:Commandments here]. [[User:Auld Nick|Auld Nick]] 12:25, 12 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You mean conservatives ''wish''it were a fact. Which is not the same thing as it being a ''fact''--[[User:27102340|27102340]] 12:39, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Neanderthal==&lt;br /&gt;
They seem to have forgotten the Neanderthal.  As it is currently listed as Homo sapiens neanderthalensis on this website it should be listed as one of the races.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:25, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Only if it says so in the Bible. [[User:Auld Nick|Auld Nick]] 11:48, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Was this lifted from a nineteenth century textbook?==&lt;br /&gt;
Good Freaking God. Newsflash: Asians are not &amp;quot;yellow.&amp;quot; Native Americans are not &amp;quot;Red.&amp;quot; Stupidpedia strikes again!--[[User:27102340|27102340]] 12:31, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:If this article is going to mention what science once thought about races, then at least get it right.  The original physical anthropologists that developed the biological race model had only three races: Caucasians, Mongloids, and Negroids.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:35, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Whaaa...you mean the scientists, to whom we all genuflect before as barers and guardians of truth and knowledge, have been ''wrong''?  Wow.  And those scientific facts were once used to promote and justify racism and genocide?  My word. [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:06, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oh my God!!Scientists actually make mistakes like every other person on this planet, and if they are proven wrong they actually change their theories??  Wait...Wait...Oh that's right...science is an open system as opposed to a closed system. Duh...[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:11, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:At least we are out of the dark ages, where persecution and genocide was done in the name of Christianity and the Church.  Thank heaven.  Now we at least have atheists, rationalists, and science to blame for our progressive thinking which results in mass murder.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:14, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Yah...good thing those white Christian upper-class gentlemen in the 19th century needing some way of justifying racist policies could turn to science to do their dirty work.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:16, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Yeah, isn't science a Bitc*? I mean, instead of living in your cave, following the sheep around, now you have central heat, air, the internet, the internal combustion engine. Dang, science make these Christians so miserable.--[[User:27102340|27102340]] 13:24, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Yep.  It was science that gave &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;mankind&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; personkind Zyklon B, and the instructions how to use it.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:11, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::What?  So science was wrong in the past.  Isn't there something in the Bible about the sins of the fathers?  How is that relevant to science today?  Part of science's ''strength'' is that it changes with new discoveries...-'''Speak[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:SpeakerOfTheDead er]''' 14:15, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
And it was non-scientific politicans that decided to use it.  Same as the atom bomb, dynamite, and napalm.  So would you also blame the company that makes the gun used to kill someone, or the person that pulled the trigger?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 14:13, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Good point.-'''Speak[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:SpeakerOfTheDead er]''' 14:15, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
My point is that you really sound ignorant villifying science like that.  Last time I checked there weren't a whole helluva lot of people with polio or smallpox around anymore.  If one day your appendix blows science has made it possible for you to still survive without being bled by leeches.  How many peopl are saved by organ transplants every year?  Science did that for you.  Science in and of itself doesn't kill.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 14:22, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Race&amp;diff=162282</id>
		<title>Talk:Race</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Race&amp;diff=162282"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T18:13:54Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Was this lifted from a nineteenth century textbook? */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Since the Great Flood ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In my opinion, this part should at least be introduced as &amp;quot;According to Creationists&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;For those who believe in...&amp;quot;.[[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 16:53, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Its a [[Conservapedia:Differences with Wikipedia|conservative fact]], see [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Conservapedia_talk:Commandments&amp;amp;diff=41919&amp;amp;oldid=40811%20talk:Commandments here]. [[User:Auld Nick|Auld Nick]] 12:25, 12 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You mean conservatives ''wish''it were a fact. Which is not the same thing as it being a ''fact''--[[User:27102340|27102340]] 12:39, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Neanderthal==&lt;br /&gt;
They seem to have forgotten the Neanderthal.  As it is currently listed as Homo sapiens neanderthalensis on this website it should be listed as one of the races.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:25, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Only if it says so in the Bible. [[User:Auld Nick|Auld Nick]] 11:48, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Was this lifted from a nineteenth century textbook?==&lt;br /&gt;
Good Freaking God. Newsflash: Asians are not &amp;quot;yellow.&amp;quot; Native Americans are not &amp;quot;Red.&amp;quot; Stupidpedia strikes again!--[[User:27102340|27102340]] 12:31, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:If this article is going to mention what science once thought about races, then at least get it right.  The original physical anthropologists that developed the biological race model had only three races: Caucasians, Mongloids, and Negroids.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:35, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Whaaa...you mean the scientists, to whom we all genuflect before as barers and guardians of truth and knowledge, have been ''wrong''?  Wow.  And those scientific facts were once used to promote and justify racism and genocide?  My word. [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:06, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oh my God!!Scientists actually make mistakes like every other person on this planet, and if they are proven wrong they actually change their theories??  Wait...Wait...Oh that's right...science is an open system as opposed to a closed system. Duh...[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:11, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:At least we are out of the dark ages, where persecution and genocide was done in the name of Christianity and the Church.  Thank heaven.  Now we at least have atheists, rationalists, and science to blame for our progressive thinking which results in mass murder.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:14, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Yah...good thing those white Christian upper-class gentlemen in the 19th century needing some way of justifying racist policies could turn to science to do their dirty work.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:16, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Yeah, isn't science a Bitc*? I mean, instead of living in your cave, following the sheep around, now you have central heat, air, the internet, the internal combustion engine. Dang, science make these Christians so miserable.--[[User:27102340|27102340]] 13:24, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Yep.  It was science that gave &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;mankind&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; personkind Zyklon B, and the instructions how to use it.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:11, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And it was non-scientific politicans that decided to use it.  Same as the atom bomb, dynamite, and napalm.  So would you also blame the company that makes the gun used to kill someone, or the person that pulled the trigger?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 14:13, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Same-sex_marriage&amp;diff=162241</id>
		<title>Talk:Same-sex marriage</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Same-sex_marriage&amp;diff=162241"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T17:54:54Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* SSM as an attack on the institution of marriage */&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;{{Talk:Same-sex marriage/pov }}&lt;br /&gt;
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==Discussion==&lt;br /&gt;
A few problems with this. It's not exclusive to men, and Bush has pretty much given up on the Constitutional amendment. [[User:MountainDew|MountainDew]] 16:05, 10 March 2007 (EST)&lt;br /&gt;
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*There are a ''lot'' of problems with this, which I've just tried to fix. The previous article seemed to be mixing up legal marriage and religious marriage. It implied that the President can amend the Constitution. etc. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 18:02, 10 March 2007 (EST)&lt;br /&gt;
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Isn't this already kinda covered at [[Homosexuality#Homosexuality and Marriage]]? Maybe we should import content from that section and then link from there to a fleshed-out article here, or flesh out the section there with whatever may come up here. In either way, some kind of synchronization would be of benefit in my eyes. --[[User:Sid 3050|Sid 3050]] 16:18, 10 March 2007 (EST)&lt;br /&gt;
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'''Hey Colin''' what was wrong with Ed poor's version? --[[User:BenjaminS|BenjaminS]] 08:18, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:For starters, this sentence was in the first paragraph: &amp;quot;Very few homosexuals want to &amp;quot;marry&amp;quot; each other; the immediate intent is to remove the stigma of being called a &amp;quot;fornicator&amp;quot;.&amp;quot; (no citation) &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 08:21, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Okay, I protected my first page. I am now a total Wikipedia pariah, since I used editorial power to 'win' an edit war. :-( --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 08:31, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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If someone can provide a citation for &amp;quot;Very few homosexuals want to &amp;quot;marry&amp;quot; each other; the immediate intent is to remove the stigma of being called a &amp;quot;fornicator&amp;quot;,&amp;quot; I will relent on reverting this back. Do note that I was originally reverting to Aschlafly's version, now I am reverting to a modified Ed Poor version (Aschlafly's first paragraph, the rest Ed's). &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 08:58, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I had alrady removed the refrence to their intent. --[[User:BenjaminS|BenjaminS]] 09:01, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:It still included &amp;quot;very few want to marry each other&amp;quot; which is either a lie or an uncited fact, neither of which are allowed on Conservapedia. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 09:02, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Ok, lets remove that sentence altogether. --[[User:BenjaminS|BenjaminS]] 09:06, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:There's also &amp;quot;has the actual result of destroying the sanctity of marriage and justifying homosexuality,&amp;quot; which is opinion. [[User:Tsumetai|Tsumetai]] 09:08, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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What was wrong with the sentence I added to the 1st paragraph? It was hardly bad enough for the rollback button. --[[User:BenjaminS|BenjaminS]] 09:20, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:The rollback button is easier to use, my apologies. I doubt the truth of that sentence, but if that is the case, then surely a citation for it won't be hard to find. If you can't find one, I have no problem saying, &amp;quot;Some argue that giving equal rights to gays has the actual result of destroying the sanctity of marriage and justifying homosexuality (which they claim Bible condemns as sin).&amp;quot; This sentence isn't biased, doesn't have as much of a need for a citation (if one at all) and includes more viewpoints than the earlier sentence. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 09:25, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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That sentence is fine except for one thing which I fixed. --[[User:BenjaminS|BenjaminS]] 09:30, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Edit war ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Colin's version: accurate and uncontroversial. Ed's version: contentious. Therefore, the current version should remain until this issue is resolved. As sysops, we should be setting an example and sorting this out through discussion. Are we agreed? [[User:Tsumetai|Tsumetai]] 08:59, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I agree with Tsumetai and have reverted all but one of my changes. I think I was too 'bold' here. Thanks for everyone's mild response. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 09:05, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:*Agree re: 'contentious', 'until resolved' &amp;amp; esp. 'setting an example', that is. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 09:07, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::I was only referring to the one paragraph, but OK. [[User:Tsumetai|Tsumetai]] 09:08, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
==Let us parley==&lt;br /&gt;
Okay...instead of the edit war-ette, let us hash it out here. &lt;br /&gt;
I don't have an ax to grind here so you can count me as a neutral &amp;quot;referee&amp;quot; (bribes &amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;and plastic&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;accepted).[[User:Rob Pommer| Cracker]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 09:23, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Marriage as a right ==&lt;br /&gt;
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*&amp;quot;Some argue that giving equal rights to gays has the actual result of destroying the sanctity of marriage and justifying homosexuality (which they claim Bible condemns as sin).&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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This is complex. It entails the idea that (1) marriage is a right and (2) homosexuals should have '[[equal rights]]'. It involves the idea that (3) the Biblical condemnation of homosexuality as sin is 'merely a claim' rather than 'objective truth'. &lt;br /&gt;
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Maybe we should lay all cards on the table. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 09:31, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:The Bible's stance on homosexuality isn't a very clear one. Yes, the Old Testament considers it an abomination, but the old testament also says quite a few other things are abominations or illegal that we consider okay today. Moreover, the old testament is somewhat irrelevant to Christianity as only the New Testament really matters. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 09:33, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::You are wrong here, see the passage from the book of Romans, that i quoted below. --[[User:CPAdmin1|CPAdmin1]] 10:33, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::The passage from Romans indicates that homosexuality MIGHT be a consequence of idolatry and THAT a God goven consequence.[[User:Rob Pommer| Cracker]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
::lol, now we must add the view that (4) 'only the New Testament really matters' to the list. How tall will this [[house of cards]] become? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 09:35, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::I'm not saying &amp;quot;only it matters,&amp;quot; but clearly many of the Old Testament laws were deemed unnecessary; I mean, you don't keep kosher do you? And who's to say which laws can be dropped and which must be kept? (obviously I can see the need to keep the 10 commandments, as they even help live a Christ-like life) &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 09:38, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::Colin: you're not old enough to remember but years ago many states had what were called &amp;quot;blue laws&amp;quot; that made it illegal for business to be conducted on Sunday, (you could OPEN your place if business, that was okay, but you couldn't make any transactions). The effect was that people would do all of their shopping on Saturday. You couldn't get GASOLINE on Sunday! 1 out of ten stations were open. Nevermind &amp;quot;homosexuals&amp;quot; they didn't even get close to being mentioned when you could talk about &amp;quot;Sabbath breakers&amp;quot; all day. [[User:Rob Pommer| Cracker]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 09:47, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Oh, but I am old enough to remember said blue laws, and to an extent some blue laws are still in place where I live. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 09:50, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::Oh yeah, I failed to recall you live in the &amp;quot;land that time forgot&amp;quot;. [[User:Rob Pommer| Cracker]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:::::::Hahaha, yeah, that's rural Tennessee. :-P &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 09:52, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
Personally  i don't beleive that '''''anything''''' from the old testament is nulified unless it is nulified explicitly in the new testament, e.g. the eating of unclean animals-- I love bacon :) -- The new testament does seem pretty hostile to homosexuality. --[[User:BenjaminS|BenjaminS]] 09:44, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:So no polyester/cotton blend shirts for you, eh?[[User:Rob Pommer| Cracker]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 09:48, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Who says so?==&lt;br /&gt;
:Some argue that giving equal rights to gays has the actual result of destroying the sanctity of marriage and justifying homosexuality (which they claim Bible condemns as sin). &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;leviticus 20:13&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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*The reference (to Leviticus) would certainly support a statement that &amp;quot;Jewish religious law condemns the practice of male homosexual acts.&amp;quot; And, yes, a suitable New Testament reference would broaden this. I don't remember the passage in Romans offhand.&lt;br /&gt;
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**Romans 1:24-28&lt;br /&gt;
::&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Therefore God gave them over in the lusts of their heart to impurity, so that thier bodies would be dishonored among them.  For they exchanged the truth of God for a lie, and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator who is blessed forever. Amen.  For this reason God gave them over to degrading passions; for their women exchanged the  natural function for that which is unnatural, and in the same way also the men abandoned the natural function of the woman and burned in their desire toward one another, men committing indecent acts and receiving in their own persons the due penalty of their error.  And just as they did not see fit to acknowledge God any longer, God gave them over to a depraved mind, to do these things which are not proper,&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
::so yes, the bible is clear on this. --[[User:CPAdmin1|CPAdmin1]] 10:31, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::I don't want to get into a game of &amp;quot;dueling Scriptures&amp;quot; but if a passage starts out with a &amp;quot;therefore&amp;quot; it ought to include what the &amp;quot;therefore&amp;quot; is there for. Hence:&lt;br /&gt;
:::Romans Chapter 1: 21-23(RSV). &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;21&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;: for although they knew God they did not honor him as God or give thanks to him, but they became futile in their thinking and their senseless minds were darkened.&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;22&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;Claiming to be wise, they became fools,&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;23&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images resembling mortal man or birds or animals or reptiles.&lt;br /&gt;
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:::This would indicate, that the sin of homosexuality is begotten from the parent sin of idolatry. &lt;br /&gt;
:::So the Bible is &amp;quot;clear&amp;quot; about idolatry being '''''bad''''', (look what it's gets you!), but not all homosexuals are idolaters, are they? [[User:Rob Pommer| Cracker]]&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Rob_Pommer|talk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*The reference certainly does not state that giving equal legal rights to male couples has any affect on the spiritual condition of couples bound by the Christian sacrament of holy matrimony.&lt;br /&gt;
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*The reference does not support the statement that &amp;quot;some argue&amp;quot; this. Probably some do, but it is important to have a good reference here, because without it the reader can't tell ''why'' &amp;quot;some&amp;quot; would say this, or what their argument for such a position is.&lt;br /&gt;
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Something like this can certainly go in the article, but not as a weaseled &amp;quot;some argue&amp;quot; that does not give any traceable link to ''who'' makes this argument and ''what'' their argument would be. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 09:42, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I'd rather not see this sentence or anything similar to it even in the article, but I felt this was the best version to convey the particular sentiment. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 09:47, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Oh, I'd '''rather''' not see it in the article myself, but that's a different issue... [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 09:49, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I agree with Dpbsmith that we should avoid weasel-worded statemints. Traceable links are useful and often essential.&lt;br /&gt;
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I agree with Colin that we must not lie! Uncited facts can be a problem, but anything that's true should be pretty easy to find a citation for. &lt;br /&gt;
::(Unsigned comments by [[User:Ed Poor]])&lt;br /&gt;
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What needs to be shown is that this is a) a reasonably widely-held position, and b) what the stated basis of that position is. Should it go in the article just because BenjaminS and his brother hold this position? Or is it a formal position taken in a paper published by some organization like (say) Focus on the Family? Or is there a Gallup poll showing that the majority of Americans hold this position? It matters. And, frankly, as should be clear, I think this sort of material should go in the article ''after'' it's supported, not before. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 11:41, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;!-- All comments above this line, please --&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==References==&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==  In general, it is opposed by social conservatives, and most of the support for it is from liberals. vs Poll data ==&lt;br /&gt;
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: In general, it is opposed by social conservatives, and most of the support for it is from liberals.&lt;br /&gt;
Poll data can be found at [http://www.abcnews.go.com/sections/us/Relationships/same_sex_marriage_poll_040121.html]&lt;br /&gt;
{|border=1&lt;br /&gt;
!&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
!Legal&lt;br /&gt;
!Illegal&lt;br /&gt;
!Amend&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;Constitution&lt;br /&gt;
!Leave to&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;the States&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|All&lt;br /&gt;
|41%&lt;br /&gt;
|55 &lt;br /&gt;
|38&lt;br /&gt;
|58&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Men&lt;br /&gt;
|38&lt;br /&gt;
|59&lt;br /&gt;
|39&lt;br /&gt;
|58&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Women&lt;br /&gt;
|45&lt;br /&gt;
|51&lt;br /&gt;
|38&lt;br /&gt;
|59&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|18-29&lt;br /&gt;
|55&lt;br /&gt;
|42&lt;br /&gt;
|32&lt;br /&gt;
|67&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|65+&lt;br /&gt;
|21&lt;br /&gt;
|75&lt;br /&gt;
|44&lt;br /&gt;
|50&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Democrats&lt;br /&gt;
|50&lt;br /&gt;
|46&lt;br /&gt;
|35&lt;br /&gt;
|61&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Independents&lt;br /&gt;
|47&lt;br /&gt;
|50&lt;br /&gt;
|38&lt;br /&gt;
|60&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Republicans&lt;br /&gt;
|24&lt;br /&gt;
|72&lt;br /&gt;
|43&lt;br /&gt;
|52&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Liberal&lt;br /&gt;
|69&lt;br /&gt;
|27&lt;br /&gt;
|28&lt;br /&gt;
|67&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Moderate&lt;br /&gt;
|44&lt;br /&gt;
|52&lt;br /&gt;
|30&lt;br /&gt;
|68&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Conservative&lt;br /&gt;
|20&lt;br /&gt;
|77&lt;br /&gt;
|55&lt;br /&gt;
|42&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Evangelical&lt;br /&gt;
|17&lt;br /&gt;
|81&lt;br /&gt;
|58&lt;br /&gt;
|38&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Non-evangelical&lt;br /&gt;
|42&lt;br /&gt;
|55&lt;br /&gt;
|30&lt;br /&gt;
|67&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|No religion&lt;br /&gt;
|66&lt;br /&gt;
|26&lt;br /&gt;
|19&lt;br /&gt;
|78&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|East&lt;br /&gt;
|48&lt;br /&gt;
|46&lt;br /&gt;
|36&lt;br /&gt;
|63&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Midwest&lt;br /&gt;
|40&lt;br /&gt;
|56&lt;br /&gt;
|42&lt;br /&gt;
|53&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|South&lt;br /&gt;
|35&lt;br /&gt;
|63&lt;br /&gt;
|42&lt;br /&gt;
|55&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|West&lt;br /&gt;
|49&lt;br /&gt;
|48&lt;br /&gt;
|30&lt;br /&gt;
|66&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Married&lt;br /&gt;
|35&lt;br /&gt;
|61&lt;br /&gt;
|41&lt;br /&gt;
|55&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|Not Married&lt;br /&gt;
|49&lt;br /&gt;
|48&lt;br /&gt;
|36&lt;br /&gt;
|62&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Outside of the Liberal and Republicans, Conservative and Evangelical sections, support is fairly much split down the middle (do realize the large overlap between the Republicans, Conservative and Evangelical sections).  I find the original claim faulty - most of the support is not from the liberals (though they support it the most).  --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 16:08, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Not an oxymoron, etc.  ==&lt;br /&gt;
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I changed:&lt;br /&gt;
:'''Same-sex marriage''' is an oxymoronic phrase that depicts two people of the same sex attempting to gain the same legal status afforded to men and women.&lt;br /&gt;
to&lt;br /&gt;
:A '''same-sex marriage''' is a legal relationship between two people of the same sex that has the same legal status as a marriage between a man and a woman. Some regard the phrase as self-contradictory because they do not regard it as a true marriage.&lt;br /&gt;
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It's not an oxymoron, because it's not a figure of speech made for rhetorical emphasis. In recent years a form of humor has arisen which consists of describing a phrase as an &amp;quot;oxymoron,&amp;quot; causing the hearer to do a double-take as he gets the comic interpretation, e.g. &amp;quot;Government organization--that's an oxymoron.&amp;quot; But this is not yet accepted as a real meaning for the word, although in a few years it may be. &amp;quot;Same-sex marriage is an oxymoron&amp;quot; could be a joke, but it is not a proper statement either of a fact or of an opinion.&lt;br /&gt;
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Seconding, &amp;quot;attempting to gain the same legal status&amp;quot; is inaccurate, because same-sex marriage is a reality in several countries and one state of the United States, and these couples do have the same legal status as married couples of the opposite sex. (And couples joined in civil unions in states that have them have the same legal status as married couples of the opposite sex.)&lt;br /&gt;
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To suggest that, from a ''legal'' point of view, same-sex marriages do not yet exist is to deny a plain reality. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 22:16, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:The word &amp;quot;marriage&amp;quot; means a man &amp;amp; woman. There is no other meaning to the word.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 22:19, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Rob, please stop the business of stating flatly that what RobS thinks a word ought to mean is what the word means. It's a special case of stating that whatever RobS believes must be true.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::&amp;quot;Marriage&amp;quot; is often short for ''Christian marriage,'' which takes place in a church, is officiated by a clergyman, is ordained by God, and is between a man and a woman; but there ''is'' another meaning to the word. ''it can also'' refer to the civil contract, which grants certain legal rights and is officiated by some kind of state official--most clergyman are also state officials--and is governed by state law.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::The marriages between same-sex couples that take place in Massachusetts are &amp;quot;marriages.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::The changes you made are a presentation of your personal opinion, and are not appropriate when stated as fact.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::As for the word &amp;quot;oxymoron,&amp;quot; I've substituted &amp;quot;ludicrous self-contradiction.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::P. S. I would like to see some examples that show that the use of &amp;quot;same-sex marriage&amp;quot; within quotation marks is a widespread, standard usage by conservatives. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 06:06, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And yet millions of people feel otherwise. [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 22:56, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Among those millions are the editors of the American Heritage Dictionary:&lt;br /&gt;
::1a. The legal union of a man and woman as husband and wife. b. The state of being married; wedlock. c. A common-law marriage. d. A union between two persons having the customary but usually not the legal force of marriage: a same-sex marriage. 2. A wedding. 3. A close union: “the most successful marriage of beauty and blood in mainstream comics” (Lloyd Rose). 4. Games The combination of the king and queen of the same suit, as in pinochle.[http://www.bartleby.com/61/2/M0120200.html]&lt;br /&gt;
:and those of Merriam-Webster:&lt;br /&gt;
::a (1) : the state of being united to a person of the opposite sex as husband or wife in a consensual and contractual relationship recognized by law (2) : the state of being united to a person of the same sex in a relationship like that of a traditional marriage &amp;lt;same-sex marriage&amp;gt; b : the mutual relation of married persons : WEDLOCK c : the institution whereby individuals are joined in a marriage&lt;br /&gt;
::2 : an act of marrying or the rite by which the married status is effected; especially : the wedding ceremony and attendant festivities or formalities&lt;br /&gt;
::3 : an intimate or close union &amp;lt;the marriage of painting and poetry -- J. T. Shawcross[http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/marriage]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Believe me, I check the dictionary about a dozen times for every time I actually quote it, and I wish other contributors would do the same. Whenever I'm not really sure what the nuances or range of meaning of a word are, I check. There are many words whose meanings I ''think'' I know that, it turns out, I don't really know. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 06:11, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I consider the &amp;quot;oxymoron&amp;quot; PoV to be discredited.&lt;br /&gt;
:This is the second time its been stated, dictionaries ''do not'' give definitions.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:37, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;'Same-sex marriage' is an oxymoron&amp;quot; is an incorrect use of the word ''oxymoron.''&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;'Same-sex marriage' is a ludicrous self-contradiction&amp;quot; is correct usage, but inaccurate.&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Some conservatives consider 'same-sex marriage' to be a ludicrous self-contradiction&amp;quot; is accurate, but should be sourced. &lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;quot;Because the editors of Conservapedia consider 'same-sex marriage' to be a ludicrous self-contradiction, the term will be used in quotation marks throughout this article&amp;quot; is something that could be worth discussion. '''I'd''' accept this if a) it really is the Conservapedia consensus opinion and b) the article identifies it as such. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 14:07, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Usage by conservative sources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Of the first hundred Google [http://www.google.com/search?client=safari&amp;amp;rls=en&amp;amp;q=site:www.nationalreview.com+%22same-sex+marriage%22&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;amp;oe=UTF-8 search of the National Review], ninety-eight of them simply use the term without quotation marks. This includes a [http://www.nationalreview.com/editorial/editors200503160748.asp 2005 editorial]. One [http://www.nationalreview.com/comment/george_tubbs200411010830.asp anti-Kerry article] uses the phrase ''same-sex marriage'' without quotation marks numerous times, but uses ''same-sex &amp;quot;marriage&amp;quot;'' twice, I'm not quite sure why. [http://www.nationalreview.com/comment/bradley200401220909.asp one other] uses the phrase ''Massachusetts same-sex &amp;quot;marriage&amp;quot;''. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 12:55, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.google.com/search?client=safari&amp;amp;rls=en&amp;amp;q=site:www.family.org+%22same-sex+marriage%22&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;amp;oe=UTF-8 Focus on the Family] consistently uses ''Same-sex 'marriage''' and ''same-sex &amp;quot;marriage&amp;quot;''. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 12:57, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.google.com/search?client=safari&amp;amp;rls=en&amp;amp;q=site:www.eagleforum.org+%22same-sex+marriage%22&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;amp;oe=UTF-8 Eagle Forum] uses ''same-sex marriage,'' no quotation marks, 99 times, and [http://www.eagleforum.org/educate/2006/june06/pro-family.html same-sex &amp;quot;marriage&amp;quot; in Massachusetts] once. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 12:59, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.google.com/search?client=safari&amp;amp;rls=en&amp;amp;q=site:www.cc.org+%22same-sex+marriage%22&amp;amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;amp;oe=UTF-8 Christian Coalition]: 99 usages without quotation marks, [http://www.cc.org/archives/culture/index.html one with]. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 13:02, 15 May 2007 (EDT) [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 13:19, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:How come when I click on these Google results I get these,&lt;br /&gt;
*2812 results from NRO for &amp;lt;marraige&amp;quot;&amp;gt; [http://search.nationalreview.com/?q=marriage%22&amp;amp;s=&amp;amp;sdate=&amp;amp;edate=]&lt;br /&gt;
*Dr. Dobson specifically refers to &amp;quot;same-sex marraige&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;gay marriage&amp;quot; in an article entitled, ''Marriage on the Ropes'', where the word ''marriage'' occurs 90+ times. [http://www.focusonthefamily.com/docstudy/newsletters/A000000771.cfm]&lt;br /&gt;
*CC first result: California's Supreme Court Overturns San Francisco &amp;quot;Homosexual Marriages&amp;quot; [http://www.cc.org/content.cfm?id=162] and  that sirte consistently uses &amp;lt;&amp;quot;marriage&amp;quot;&amp;gt; in this context [http://www.cc.org/content.cfm?id=379&amp;amp;srch=marriage%22]&lt;br /&gt;
:Also, the appears to be no uniform way these searches are configured to get results that are already in quotes.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:45, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==SSM as an attack on the institution of marriage==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Any legal inroads to redefining [[marriage]] from one boy and one girl can only lead to the destruction of marriage as a godly institution. Holy matrimony, which also allows the non-religious to partake, is given by God. Legal perversions, such as [[bigamy]], [[polygamy]] (for which they are raking [[Mitt Romney]] over the coals) and forced &amp;quot;arranged&amp;quot; marriages (where the girl has no choice, a kind of legalized rape), will destroy marriage if permitted. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is part of the [[homosexual agenda]]. They don't really want to be &amp;quot;married&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;enjoy the benifits of marriage&amp;quot;. The [[civil union]] already does this, allowing next of kin rights when you're in the hospital, etc. The purpose is to destroy marriage. What we need to be writing about is why and how the [[gay rights]] movement is trying to destroy the sanctity of marriage. I guess it has something to do with taking away the ability of pastors (and society at large) to condemn homosexuality. It's related to &amp;quot;[[hate speech]]&amp;quot; and [[hate crime]] legislation which forbid criticism of homosexuality as [[sin]]. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 13:30, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Girls and boys getting married?  Should they be referred to as men and women? [[User:DrSandstone|DrSandstone]] 13:35, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::Ed, I don't think you're really correct on any of the above.  I can't see why homosexuals would want to destroy marriage, and frankly, I think that the imputation of this invidious intent on a group of people is simple fear-mongering, or alarmism in the extreme, without proof.  Second, &amp;quot;civil unions&amp;quot; do not carry the federal marriage benefits that President Bush fought so hard for (tax breaks et al).  Surely that's a benefit that homosexual couples have an interest in acquiring.  Third, and most importantly, perhaps, the idea of the &amp;quot;parade of the horribles&amp;quot; - &amp;quot;if you allow this, you allow bigamy&amp;quot; - has really been refuted a thousand times.  If you want, I'd be glad to draw you the legal lines between same-sex marriage, and bigamy et al, but I consider them fairly obvious.  Please let me know if you would enjoy the clarification.-'''Speak[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:SpeakerOfTheDead er]''' 13:42, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
Courts are clogged enouogh with divorce and custody cases; with gay adoption, and what by first glance appears high rates of, let's call it, &amp;quot;extra-marital promiscuity&amp;quot; among homosexuals, the oft quoted 50% &amp;quot;divorce rate&amp;quot; appears to be much higher among gays.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:50, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I still don't understand how SSM will destro the insitution of marriage.  Does two guys getting married render your own marriage null?  It would be different if gays also wanted to pass a law outlawing heterosexual marriage, but last time I checked there was no such movement.  Is there a serious fear that if gay marriage is made legal all the good straight Christians will suddenly catch a gay gene or something?  Arguing that it is against your churches moral codes is one thing, but arguing that gays are out to destroy your entire way of life seems a little demagogic to me.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:54, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Hominid&amp;diff=162231</id>
		<title>Talk:Hominid</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Hominid&amp;diff=162231"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T17:48:28Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Cave man */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Incorrect definition ==&lt;br /&gt;
I object to saying that the 2nd definition (human ancestors) is incorrect. If it is incorrect, then so is most usage. Are you saying that all these are incorrect? The Merriam-Webster dictionary [http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&amp;amp;va=hominid] American Heritage&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.bartleby.com/61/51/H0255100.html] and these scientific pages.&lt;br /&gt;
[http://anthro.palomar.edu/hominid/australo_1.htm] [http://www.msu.edu/~heslipst/contents/ANP440/] [http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1979/6/79.06.02.x.html] [http://www.hunterian.gla.ac.uk/collections/museum/hominid/hominid_index.shtml] [http://cogweb.ucla.edu/ep/Paleoanthropology.html] [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 14:06, 12 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: It's a scientific term. It should be used as such. --&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#222222&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Wik&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#444444&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;i&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#666666&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;nterpreter&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:Wikinterpreter Liaise with the cabal?]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:: Sure. We should all use precise definitions. I edited it to include the common usage. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 15:23, 12 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::: I agree, but common =/= actual. As [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] and others tell us, concensus does not make something right. I hope the current version is acceptable. --&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#222222&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Wik&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#444444&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;i&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#666666&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;nterpreter&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:Wikinterpreter Liaise with the cabal?]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::: No, it is not acceptable. On what basis do you say the latter usage is &amp;quot;incorrect&amp;quot;? Someone has proposed a new definition of &amp;quot;hominid&amp;quot; a few years ago. Maybe it will catch on, and maybe it won't. In the meantime, people need to know how to interpret the word &amp;quot;hominid&amp;quot; when they read it. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 15:42, 12 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::I've edited to explain the difference between the taxonomic term and the colloquial term, as well as including the correct term for those species that are transitional between hominidae and homo sapiens sapiens.  [[User:JohnSmith|JohnSmith]] 15:45, 12 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::Thanks. --&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#222222&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Wik&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#444444&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;i&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#666666&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;&amp;gt;nterpreter&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:Wikinterpreter Liaise with the cabal?]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Cave man ==&lt;br /&gt;
What wrong with &amp;quot;cave man&amp;quot;? It is a colloquial definition. Yes, it is not terribly precise, but neither is the term hominid as it is usually used. I say to put &amp;quot;cave man&amp;quot; back. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 13:40, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cave man may be colloquial, but it is not used in any kind of serious discussion among academics concerned with studying pre-historic humans. Cave man is a very loose term that is often used for inaccurate descriptions.  I just don't consider it very professional or encyclopedic.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:48, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Race&amp;diff=162167</id>
		<title>Talk:Race</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Race&amp;diff=162167"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T17:16:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Was this lifted from a nineteenth century textbook? */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Since the Great Flood ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In my opinion, this part should at least be introduced as &amp;quot;According to Creationists&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;For those who believe in...&amp;quot;.[[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 16:53, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Its a [[Conservapedia:Differences with Wikipedia|conservative fact]], see [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Conservapedia_talk:Commandments&amp;amp;diff=41919&amp;amp;oldid=40811%20talk:Commandments here]. [[User:Auld Nick|Auld Nick]] 12:25, 12 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You mean conservatives ''wish''it were a fact. Which is not the same thing as it being a ''fact''--[[User:27102340|27102340]] 12:39, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Neanderthal==&lt;br /&gt;
They seem to have forgotten the Neanderthal.  As it is currently listed as Homo sapiens neanderthalensis on this website it should be listed as one of the races.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:25, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Only if it says so in the Bible. [[User:Auld Nick|Auld Nick]] 11:48, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Was this lifted from a nineteenth century textbook?==&lt;br /&gt;
Good Freaking God. Newsflash: Asians are not &amp;quot;yellow.&amp;quot; Native Americans are not &amp;quot;Red.&amp;quot; Stupidpedia strikes again!--[[User:27102340|27102340]] 12:31, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:If this article is going to mention what science once thought about races, then at least get it right.  The original physical anthropologists that developed the biological race model had only three races: Caucasians, Mongloids, and Negroids.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:35, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Whaaa...you mean the scientists, to whom we all genuflect before as barers and guardians of truth and knowledge, have been ''wrong''?  Wow.  And those scientific facts were once used to promote and justify racism and genocide?  My word. [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:06, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oh my God!!Scientists actually make mistakes like every other person on this planet, and if they are proven wrong they actually change their theories??  Wait...Wait...Oh that's right...science is an open system as opposed to a closed system. Duh...[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:11, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:At least we are out of the dark ages, where persecution and genocide was done in the name of Christianity and the Church.  Thank heaven.  Now we at least have atheists, rationalists, and science to blame for our progressive thinking which results in mass murder.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:14, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Yah...good thing those white Christian upper-class gentlemen in the 19th century needing some way of justifying racist policies could turn to science to do their dirty work.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:16, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Race&amp;diff=162157</id>
		<title>Talk:Race</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Race&amp;diff=162157"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T17:11:14Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Was this lifted from a nineteenth century textbook? */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Since the Great Flood ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In my opinion, this part should at least be introduced as &amp;quot;According to Creationists&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;For those who believe in...&amp;quot;.[[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 16:53, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Its a [[Conservapedia:Differences with Wikipedia|conservative fact]], see [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Conservapedia_talk:Commandments&amp;amp;diff=41919&amp;amp;oldid=40811%20talk:Commandments here]. [[User:Auld Nick|Auld Nick]] 12:25, 12 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You mean conservatives ''wish''it were a fact. Which is not the same thing as it being a ''fact''--[[User:27102340|27102340]] 12:39, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Neanderthal==&lt;br /&gt;
They seem to have forgotten the Neanderthal.  As it is currently listed as Homo sapiens neanderthalensis on this website it should be listed as one of the races.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:25, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Only if it says so in the Bible. [[User:Auld Nick|Auld Nick]] 11:48, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Was this lifted from a nineteenth century textbook?==&lt;br /&gt;
Good Freaking God. Newsflash: Asians are not &amp;quot;yellow.&amp;quot; Native Americans are not &amp;quot;Red.&amp;quot; Stupidpedia strikes again!--[[User:27102340|27102340]] 12:31, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:If this article is going to mention what science once thought about races, then at least get it right.  The original physical anthropologists that developed the biological race model had only three races: Caucasians, Mongloids, and Negroids.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:35, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Whaaa...you mean the scientists, to whom we all genuflect before as barers and guardians of truth and knowledge, have been ''wrong''?  Wow.  And those scientific facts were once used to promote and justify racism and genocide?  My word. [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:06, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Oh my God!!Scientists actually make mistakes like every other person on this planet, and if they are proven wrong they actually change their theories??  Wait...Wait...Oh that's right...science is an open system as opposed to a closed system. Duh...[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:11, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Liberal_quotient&amp;diff=162156</id>
		<title>Talk:Liberal quotient</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Liberal_quotient&amp;diff=162156"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T17:09:09Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* How conservative is the US? */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;What a fabulous Encyclopedia entry, with entries like this I don't see [http://www.alexa.com/data/details/traffic_details?site0=conservapedia.com&amp;amp;site1=&amp;amp;site2=&amp;amp;site3=&amp;amp;site4=&amp;amp;y=r&amp;amp;z=1&amp;amp;h=300&amp;amp;w=540&amp;amp;range=1m&amp;amp;size=Medium&amp;amp;url=conservapedia.com why no one is using this site?]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fantastic!!&lt;br /&gt;
This means we now have a wonderful new method of assessing Conservative Bias, and for the first time it is measurable. To calculate the Conservative Quotient (CQ), all one has to do is to know the Liberal Quotient (LQ), then apply the formula: CQ = 1 - LQ.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A rating above zero presumably means that there is Conservative Bias?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Shurely Shome mishtake?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
--[[User:CatWatcher|CatWatcher]] 13:39, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== 80%? ==&lt;br /&gt;
A source for that might do nicely. [[User:DrLib|DrLib]] 14:08, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: There is a poll under journalism students suggesting that 80% have liberal opinions. I will look it up when I have time. I saw another research suggesting that journalists are socially liberal, but economically more conservative. Few oppose NAFTA, for example. So its a well-off kind of liberalism. [[User:Order]] 7 April 00:45 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Liberal quotient of Conservapedia==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Not counting the vandals, I'm genuinely curious what our liberal quotient is. [[User:MountainDew|MountainDew]] 14:13, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Most of the liberals here have been pretty disenfranchised, a few still prawl around the talk pages but they are not really &amp;quot;part of the group&amp;quot; so I don't think its very high. There is what, about 40 active users, maybe a dozen or so are liberals, but I think they have been pretty effectively shut down by bans, warnings, and condescending and insulting sysops. [[User:Etaroced|Etaroced]] 14:23, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::(Inserted comment) I'm opposed to most [[condescension]] and nearly all [[insult]]s. Please help me develop guidelines for a standard of [[Conservapedia:Civility]]. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 10:49, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Sneaky and deceptive as they are by nature, I suspect many liberals are unlikely to freely admit to being liberals, therefore making an accurate measurement of the liberal quotient here difficult to obtain. --[[User:Jeremiah4-22|Jeremiah4-22]] 16:22, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Technically, and I don't expect some people on here to understand this, I think you would have to say everyone on here is moderately liberal. We allow for the addition of material that might question our beliefs, could contribute to free and open debate. Those are classicly liberal ideas. Don't like that--go to Saudi Arabia where they aren't so liberal. [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 10:26, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::I think that liberals 'decorate' our project rather nicely when they aren't making sly digs. As far as I'm concerned, they are welcome to stay and particapate '''as equals'''. I think some of the syosops are liberals, not that I want to [[out]] anyone. &lt;br /&gt;
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:::But if they are here to disrupt and play tricks, like the Seattle WTO protesters who provoked the police into &amp;quot;excessive force&amp;quot; just so that they could accuse 'the establishment' of 'not listening to them' then they aren't helping anyone. Serious thinkers see right throught that kind of malarkey.  &lt;br /&gt;
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:::Any liberals who want to preserve their franchise would do well to couch their suggestions in polite terms. Any idea can be brought up, if done in (1) the right way (2) in the right venue (3) at the right time. (My talk page is always open. :-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 10:30, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Liberal Quotient will always be a subjective factor, of course.  If one assigned an LQ based purely on party association, and started digging into American history a little bit, one would find Democrats who went around lynching blacks, and Republicans who went around trust busting.  [[User:Teresita|Teresita]] 11:15, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: 'But if they are here to disrupt and play tricks, like the Seattle WTO protesters who provoked the police into &amp;quot;excessive force&amp;quot; just so that they could accuse 'the establishment' of 'not listening to them' then they aren't helping anyone. Serious thinkers see right throught that kind of malarkey. ' But the police still used excessive force. That is a legal fact. You keep bringing up this accusation, Ed Poor; scared?&lt;br /&gt;
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Oh, and I've made [http://www.conservapedia.com/The_liberal_quotient_of_Conservapedia%3B_what_is_it%3F_Does_it_matter%3F this]. [[User:Wikinterpreter|Wikinterpreter]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==  Fox News ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Quoting from article: ''Television news anchors on the major networks had a 100 percent liberal quotient until Fox emerged''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Does this mean that Fox News is a Bad Thing as it upset the finely balanced (and therefore unbiased) 50:50 distribution of liberal and conservative anchors?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Formula==&lt;br /&gt;
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I'd rather define it so that 100 percent is all Liberal, 50 percent is half and half, and 0 percent is no Liberals. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 10:21, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I don't think Order's changes helped the article:&lt;br /&gt;
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::The liberal quotient is defined simply as the ratio of liberals to conservatives in a group.  Thus the liberal quotient is zero when there are no liberals in the group. &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;It is infinity if there are no [[conservative]]s.&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; A quotient of 100% corresponds a group that has as many liberals as conservatives, while a quotient below 100% means that there are fewer liberals than conservatives. The same number of conservatives and liberals will always result in the same liberal quotient, regardless of the size of other groups, such as moderates or independents. [I marked up the part I didn't like with &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;strikeout&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; formatting. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 10:46, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::: You may not like it, but that's how it's defined in the article.  If the quotient is ''ratio of liberals to conservatives in a group'', then the liberal quotient is infinity if there are no conservatives.  And liberal quotient of 1 amongst news anchors means that there were equal numbers of liberals and conservatives [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 13:49, 8 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Why didn't my changes help. I just tried to clarify the definition. [[User:Order]] 7 April, 1:00 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
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:You changed the definition. I think 100% Liberal is all liberals, no conservatives; and 0% liberal is no liberals and all conservatives. Using [[infinity]] would make the quotient too cumbersome to use. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 11:01, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I agree w/ Ed. But I also think that we should present 0% as ideal. --[[User:BenjaminS|BenjaminS]] 11:04, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::I disagree with the fact that I changed the definition. But for the moment we can keep it like it is. [[User:Order]] 7 April, 1:10 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::I put this in two places, oops. Here is the &amp;quot;correct and useful&amp;quot; formula: Liberal Quotient = L/(L+C), that is, the number of identified Liberals divided by the sum of identified Liberals and Conservatives. Likewise, the CQ = C/(L+C). This results in a number from zero to one in either case, which can be expressed, as in the original definition, as a percentage.&lt;br /&gt;
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::::I just edited the article to reflect this.  I hope no one minds. [[User:Human|Human]] 17:37, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Mathematics ==&lt;br /&gt;
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There are, obviously, so many flaws in this whole idea that it is hard to know where to begin.  First with definitions of Lib and Cons.  I suspect than many of us are not simply one or the other.&lt;br /&gt;
Also, if LQ=L/C then the LQ of, for instance, the Democratic Party is LQ=1000/0=undefinable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
My 2 cents, just dont make me divide them by zero.--[[User:palmd001|PalMD]]&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:palmd001|talk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 14:13, 8 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:One thing to begin with would be to use the definition in the article itself, rather than the alternative that it tries to replace. [[User:Order]] 9 April, 21:25 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
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::What do you mean?  The definition in the article is liberals/conservatives, which gives an undefinable answer when there are no conservatives. [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 08:15, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: Oh, dividing by zero is a minor problem. It has a few other problems, such as that 997 moderates, 2 liberals, and 1 conservative have the same liberal quotient, as 1 moderate, 666 liberals and 333 conservatives. To avoid dividing by zero, we can agree that the value is then infinity.  &lt;br /&gt;
: What bothers me most is it that of all the Liberal quotients mentioned in the article none of them was computed according to the definition. And this is the article defining the liberal quotient. And if you look an this talk page, you see that few people do actually understand the definition. Most think its the fraction of liberals or something similar. [[User:Order]] 9 April, 22:45 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
::I have to agree with [[User:Order]]'s assessment.  I mean, are people just making these up?  That doesn't sound very useful, and it certainly undermines Conservapedia's usefulness as a source!  [[User:Sterile|Sterile]] 13:44, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Why can't we have people self-identify? I know Richard tried this at one point and got into some hot water (which I won't expand on)but the underlying principle was valid--if this wiki is supposed to contain only conservative content how can we not ask people to tell us the truth about where their allegiance lies? [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 13:55, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::Self-identifying won't work, especially not on this site. Andy and his crew are so conservative that almost everyone is a liberal to them (if you don't believe me, look at Andy's posts and how everyone who disagrees with him is labeled a liberal). In most circles I'd be considered a conservative, but here I'm nothing but a dirty liberal hippie (and that's a good thing as I'd rather not be grouped with some of the wingnuts here). [[User:Jrssr5|Jrssr5]] 14:03, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Here is the &amp;quot;correct and useful&amp;quot; formula:  Liberal Quotient = L/(L+C), that is, the number of identified Liberals divided by the sum of identified Liberals and Conservatives.  Likewise, the CQ = C/(L+C).  This results in a number from zero to one in either case, which can be expressed, as in the original definition, as a percentage.  [[User:Human|Human]] 17:05, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::You changed the definition. It is now no longer consistent with the long discussion on bias in Wikipadia [http://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia/Archive2#Six_times.3F_Not_even_close.][http://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia/Archive2#Liberal_Wikipedians_as_compared_to_conservative_Wikipedians][http://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia/Archive2#We_need_to_decide_what_this_list_is][http://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia/Archive3#Ratio_.28again.29][http://www.conservapedia.com/Talk:Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia/Archive5#...and_about_the_math...][[User:Order]] 10 April, 11:52 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Why do you ask people to self-identify in this context? The problem is that Aschalfy first defines the liberal quotient as Liberals/Conservatives and then doesn't use it when he computes e.g. the LQ of news anchors. This is not a matter of liberal or conservative, it is a matter of math. [[User:Order]] 10 April, 8:25 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
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== A new term coined by Conservapedia? ==&lt;br /&gt;
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A new term coined by Conservapedia? I find that hard to believe and suspect it was infact [[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] who coined the term.&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:WhatIsG0ing0n|WhatIsG0ing0n]] 13:59, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:The term definitely existed before. Simple google search proves that. However, I assume that the term has its own, special meaning on this site. Not sure, but it's possible. --[[User:Sid 3050|Sid 3050]] 14:04, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Andy got a lot of comments on the way he arrived at his measure of [[Talk:Examples_of_Bias_in_Wikipedia/Archive3#Ratio_.28again.29|Liberal bias of Wikipedia]]; one main point was that using liberal/conservatives to measure bias is confusing. Research uses typically other measures. So, Andy decided to declare his alternative way to compute bias an 'innovation'. [[User:Order]] 10 April, 8:35 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Is it actually possible to classify individuals as being ''absolutely'' Conservative or Liberal? With the exception of a few especially pure characters (and I salute your dedication, guys) most people are hopelessly flawed and (at best) somewhat intermediate. So to calculate the LQ of a group accurately, a method is first needed of assessing the '''Liberality''' of all individuals included in the party. Otherwise a further level of inaccuracy is necessarily introduced into the calculation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:(As an example, although George W Bush is considered Conservative by most people, any good Conservative can see right through him to his pernicious Liberal tendencies - to call him a true Conservative is clearly erroneous, when in fact he is probably only 70-75% Conservative (Just a wild guess here on my part...).)&lt;br /&gt;
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:If the LQ is to be a useful measure, it needs to be calculated with rigor; a roomful of right-leaning people clearly shouldn't have the same LQ as a roomful of ''true'' Conservatives, which seems to be the situation at present. --[[User:Jeremiah4-22|Jeremiah4-22]] 21:06, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Why does formula not matter?==&lt;br /&gt;
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[[user:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] just deleted the section on calculating the LQ and said &amp;quot;(formula is not the point)&amp;quot; in his comment.  I don't see why not, especially when numbers are quoted in the last paragraph.  Please justify this removal.  To call something a &amp;quot;quotient&amp;quot; by definition means that some numbers are being divided.  If there is a good reason to leave it out, fine.  If not, I will replace it, and, if I can find good examples, add a few references. [[User:human]] 21:15, 9 April 2007 (sig added aroound 02:15, 10 Apr.)&lt;br /&gt;
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:If you can come up with a formula as precise as [[IQ]], fine. Otherwise, please let's all stop teasing Andy about this. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 22:17, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Andy came up with a definition. And Human too. They were both very precise. Or do you claim otherwise? You cannot ''hide'' the defintion, just because few understand it, and few use it correctly. [[User:Order]] 10 April, 12:22 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
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This article gets better and better.  Now it states that the definition is not clear (which is fair enough) yet still has figures for the liberal quotient of journalists and news anchors. I guess that at least makes it clear that these numbers were more or less plucked out of thin air. [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 16:24, 10 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Responding to [[User:Ed Poor]] above, I have a couple of questions.  &lt;br /&gt;
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::First, and simplest, is what does any of this have to do with &amp;quot;teasing Andy&amp;quot;?  I'm really lost on that one.  &lt;br /&gt;
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::Second, do you know how IQ numbers are determined?  You give a large group of developmentally &amp;quot;equal&amp;quot; people (like a given grade in school, or age) a standardized test, that is set up so all of them will get some of it right, but none of them can get it all correct.  Then you take the raw scores and create a transfer function to map them to a Gaussian distribution curve (bell curve).  The peak of the curve is marked as &amp;quot;100&amp;quot;, and the score scale is created by picking a numerical increment to be equal to each standard deviation (sigma).  This is typically 15-16 points = one sigma, making it so five sigmas each way yields IQs of 20-25 and 175-180 - very rare figures indeed, since five sigmas corresponds to less than 0.0001% of the population (I forget the exact number, it's actually even smaller).  &lt;br /&gt;
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::I do think that the formula presented (which &amp;quot;explains&amp;quot; the numbers in the last paragraph exactly) is simpler.  Using it, for example, on the number of self identified liberals and conservatives on wikipedia (212 vs 75 today), the LQ = 212/(212+75) = 212/287 = 73.9% or 0.739.  The CQ is 75/287 = 26.1% or 0.261.  The network news example starts off pre-Fox at 3 liberal and no conservatives, LQ = 3/(3+0) = 1 or 100%. You can apply this formula to any group where you have a number for each preference (i.e., registered Republicans and Democrats out of all registered voters). &lt;br /&gt;
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::I really don't care whether or not this article makes &amp;quot;sense&amp;quot;, but since it is so easy to have it make sense, why not do it?  The original text just wasn't thought all the way through, as numerous mathematically astute editors have mentioned above, in an attempt to make this a better article. [[User:Human|Human]] 13:06, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Black protestants==&lt;br /&gt;
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I'm glad to see that sterotyping is allowed here (see [[Federal Reserve]]) [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 10:24, 10 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:That black protestants are overwhelimingly &amp;quot;liberal&amp;quot; is actually true as this PEW report shows.[http://pewforum.org/docs/index.php?DocID=174] [[User:Order|Order]] 11 April, 9:50 (AEST)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Dumbest file imaginable. ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Until there is a metric for determining the &amp;quot;liberal quotient&amp;quot; (which is not hard to come up with), it is really embarrassing (to conscientious contributors to this site, ''and'' its &amp;quot;owner&amp;quot;) and stupid to offer numbers that supposedly represent the LQ of certain groups.  Check my previous comments, and deleted edit of 4/9/07 AD ([http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Liberal_quotient&amp;amp;diff=96551&amp;amp;oldid=95997]) to see what I mean.  I mean, come on.  I have no problem with the ''concept'', as a bit of a geek I kind of think it's cool.  But as that same geek, I think the formula should be presented.  Along with more examples.  [[User:Aschlafly|Andrew]], I ask you, you made an accident of language in your first formulation, feathers to chickens*, we all make mistakes, it was obvious what you meant. I (and other contributors) just wanted to get it right. [[User:Human|Human]] 02:04, 19 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;*&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;Every disarming epithet I thought of to use here (heck, darn, drat, doggone) I realized were &amp;quot;nice&amp;quot; ways of using profanity, so I made up my own. [[User:Human|Human]] 02:04, 19 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== LQ = zero ==&lt;br /&gt;
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I know some people's palms sweat when they imagine the concept. [[User:Human|Human]] 23:05, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Innumeracy ==&lt;br /&gt;
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As I have said, it doesn't matter to me one way or another what this article (or ''anything'' on this blog) says, '''but''', I would I would expect those publicly associated with it to strive for relatively sensible versions of their, um, version of reality.  (There are precisely &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;57&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; ''six'' times as many liberals on Wp as in America!)&lt;br /&gt;
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: No one said &amp;quot;precisely.&amp;quot;--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 01:22, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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1. The metric of &amp;quot;six times&amp;quot; depends on an incredibly small number of self-identified Wpdians.&lt;br /&gt;
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: Not that small.  Several hundred at least.  Probably a higher percentage than most polls of the American public.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 01:22, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:: Sampling error isn't significantly affected by the percentage of the population included in the sample -- a representative sample of 1000 is as reliable in the USA as it is in Monaco. The problem in this case is that it's difficult to justify the assumption that those who self identify as liberal or conservative are representative of the community of Wikipedia editors. It may well be true that there are six times as many liberal Wikipedians than conservative, but it's not statistically reasonable to conclude that from a self-selected sample such as this.--[[User:Jalapeno|Jalapeno]] 04:52, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:: The last time I looked at Wikipedia, the same size was 274 (for conservatives + liberals).  This is not a large sample.  The total percent sample size is about half that for a Harris poll (that it admits that it has errors that gives that it cannot give a good confidence[http://www.harrisinteractive.com/harris_poll/index.asp?PID=548]), however the sample for wikipedia is self selected meaning that you cannot use it to make statistically responsible statements.[http://www.aapor.org/pdfs/2006/samp_err_stmt.pdf] --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 22:30, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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2. In the absence of its inverse, the conservative quotient, defining the Lq is silly knee-jerk reactionism.&lt;br /&gt;
: It's baffling, and a bit amusing, how liberals just won't admit they are liberal.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 01:22, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:: It is baffling that [[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] won't admit that he did bad math. He prefers to call people liberals instead, proving that he ran out of proper arguments.  --[[User:Order]] 10 May.&lt;br /&gt;
3. Judging by what Ashfly calls &amp;quot;liberal&amp;quot; on this site, the US is about 60% or so liberal and 30% or so conservative.  Leaving 10% &amp;quot;sheep&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
: This is false and doesn't make any sense.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 01:22, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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4. An appropriate acale for a measure like this would create a middle point of &amp;quot;1&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;0&amp;quot;, with a clear reflection about that point in each direction.  So it should run form infinity to minus infinity, or 10 to -10, or 1 to -1.  or, gee, 0 to 1.&lt;br /&gt;
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: No, the sensible &amp;quot;middle point&amp;quot; is unity, or 1.  Do you have your same objection to the scientific (Kelvin) scale for temperature?--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 01:22, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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5. This is a really dumb article&lt;br /&gt;
: You didn't help your cause with that conclusion.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 01:22, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Discuss amongst yourselves. [[User:Human|Human]] 23:43, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: Ah, the [[Parthian Shot]].  Fine, I hope you honor it.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 01:22, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::I presume that means I relinquished the right to quibble with your responses.  I'll honor that.  if there is anything, however, that you want further comment on, feel free to ask me here or on my user talk page. [[User:Human|Human]] 02:35, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==X/X+Y==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Andy, I appreciate that you are discussing the formulation in the article.  I think it adds a real measure of accountability and honesty.  I have one quick comment though - X+Y is ''not'' the whole population, it is only the &amp;quot;self identified&amp;quot; portion, so it does ''not'' dilute the results with moderates.  Multiplied by 100, it makes a percentage.  Remembering older edits, the major networks would be at 1 (100%), (3/3+0), then came Fox - making it 75% (3/3+1).&lt;br /&gt;
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It is a perfectly useful metric, and does not bias anything one way or another.  Anything over 50% is &amp;quot;suspect&amp;quot; of liberal bias, and anything under is imbued with conservative trustworthiness (see, I didn't even get mean and say &amp;quot;trusworthiness&amp;quot; - remember who was first to point out the typo to get the logo fixed!).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please, I ask you, run some numbers from various groups to see how it works (the formula).  I think you will see that it works very nicely, and is also very clear and understandable.&lt;br /&gt;
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Oh, and one last thing, us math geeks would tend to use L and C as the variables, for simple clarity (LQ=(L/L+C)).  Using lambda and gamma would hurt our keyboards, but believe me, if it was easy, we'd use the Greek! [[User:Human|Human]] 02:35, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Who's &amp;quot;Liberal&amp;quot;, anyway? ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Are Libertarians the equivalent of the square-root of negative one in this formula?  How about LaRouchites?  Log Cabin Republicans?  Natural Law Party activists?  Tories?  Bull Moosers?  Anti-Masonic Revivalists? Pat Buchanan?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In a world of rainbow colors, it can be hard to decide with are &amp;quot;black&amp;quot; and which are &amp;quot;white&amp;quot;. &amp;lt;SARCASM&amp;gt;Strangely, it's been my experience that no more than about 5% of Democrats actually have Mark-of-the-Beast tattoos and smell like brimstone, and only about 2% of Republicans actually have wings and a halo.&amp;lt;/SARCASM&amp;gt;  --[[User:Gulik2|Gulik2]] 03:36, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Gulik2 is absolutely right. See Perry (1970) 'Forms of Intellectual Development in the College Year: A scheme'. Perry says that intellectual development occurs as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
# 'Dualism' - a simple interpretation of the world as black/white, us/them , good/bad etc.&lt;br /&gt;
# 'Multiplicity'; -= an acceptance that there are different points of view and they cannot be simply labelled good/bad etc.&lt;br /&gt;
# 'Relativism' - requires that the different points of view are contextualiised, and that knowledge/behaviour in one context may be perfectly acceptable and correct, may not be appropriate in another.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
for a source see: http://www.csub.edu/TLC/options/resources/handouts/scholarship_teaching/perrystheory.html&lt;br /&gt;
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What occurs to me is all that if Perry is correct, with the obsession with Liberals/Conservative points of view, many contributors on this site do not seem to have developed intellectually much further than their freshman year. Hm. Think I'll write an article about this...--[[User:CatWatcher|CatWatcher]] 03:55, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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See [[Perry Theory]] for the article --[[User:CatWatcher|CatWatcher]] 19:55, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Where did &amp;quot;12&amp;quot; come from?? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ed, where did your &amp;quot;12&amp;quot; come from?--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 09:22, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:It would be informative if somebody with access to the appropriate data could calculate the LQ for Conservapedia, for purposes of comparison? --[[User:Jeremiah4-22|Jeremiah4-22]] 12:16, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== An X for a Y, for an L, for a C ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article has a few problems.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
#X is defined as number of liberals, and Y is defined as number of conservatives. X/(X+Y) is '''the same''' as L/(L+C). The article argues that they are different, proving that the author doesn't know how to work with variables. And it proves that the author doesn't read his own definitions.&lt;br /&gt;
#The criticism that a measure is between 0 and 1, shows that the critic doesn't know that such a measure is equivalent to a measure that ranges between 0 and infinity. Take for example the negative logarithm of the first measure. It just show that the author has not the faintest idea about functions over an infinite domain.&lt;br /&gt;
#The remark that an increase from 90% to 99% is ''just'' a 10% increase, shows that the author doesn't know how to interpreter percentages. People who do work with percentages know that the difference between 90% and 99% is an order of magnitude.&lt;br /&gt;
#The comparison with other metrics is flawed, because the author didn't compare it with any metric that is actually used in literature. Earlier versions of this article pointed to alternative definitions of liberal bias. None of them is mentioned. &lt;br /&gt;
#Finally, this article repeats the old misinformation that the ratio liberal in the wikipedia is 3:1, while it is 1:2 in the American public. It doesn't mention the sources, nor that, if you look at the sources, this comparison is based on nothing but quick sand. It just shows that the author has no idea about statistics. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As a summary, this article proves nicely that in conservapedia conservative bias is more important than facts. Even basic mathematics, which is neither liberal or conservative, is canned to make a poor argument. [[User:Order]] 10 May&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I saw that Aschlafly fixed some optinionated part of the article, without actually fixing any of the fundamental flaws. I would suggest to fix the fundamental flaws first. It, for example, still argues that X/(X+Y), where X are Liberals, and Y Conservatives, is different from L/(L+C), where L stands for Liberals, and C for Conservatives. If you want to fix something, fix that first. [[User:Order]] 11 May.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Update ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I extended and updated the article on ''liberal quotient''. If you find typos or factual errors, please feel free to fix it. [[User:Order]] May 13.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How conservative is the US? ==&lt;br /&gt;
The article says &amp;quot;According to a Harris Poll from 2005 [1], 40% of all Americans identify as moderates, 35% as conservatives, and 18% as liberals. This gives a liberal quotient of about 1:2. These numbers have been fairly constant during the last decades.&amp;quot;, but according to Aschlafly, Jack Abramoff wasn't a conservative&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Deceit&amp;amp;diff=158024&amp;amp;oldid=158009&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, despite his ties to Grover Norquist, Ralph Reed, Oliver North; his membership on G. W. Bush's transition team, etc.  Rudy Giuliani made a statement held up as a &amp;quot;liberal falsehood of the day&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Template:Tfa&amp;amp;diff=154374&amp;amp;oldid=153131&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, so is presumably not a conservative either.  Given this, it certainly doesn't appear to me that merely self-identifying as such is enough to be considered a 'conservative' for this site, and the Harris Poll shouldn't be used to determine how conservative the country is. --[[User:Jtl|Jtl]] 00:42, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:You make a good point, that will go ignored here. [[User:Human|Human]] 01:17, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
this may be picky, but wouldnt' this liberal quotient be more accurately called a liberal conservative ratio?  Something about this jangles the statistics part of my brain.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:09, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Hominid&amp;diff=162130</id>
		<title>Hominid</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Hominid&amp;diff=162130"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T16:43:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: cave man isn't very professional&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The term '''hominid''' has two common definitions.&lt;br /&gt;
# It can, colloquially, refer to prehistoric man, as well as a modern human.&lt;br /&gt;
# In [[taxonomy]], it can refer to humans, as well as the great apes, including gorillas, chimpanzees, orangutans, and their evolutionary ancestors.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The first definition is similar to what is found in common dictionaries.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Merriam-Webster dictionary [http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&amp;amp;va=hominid], American Heritage [http://www.bartleby.com/61/51/H0255100.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; It is also commonly used by scientists to refer to human ancestors and closely related species like [[Neanderthal]]s.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;This useum exhibit on hominids does not include gorillas. [http://www.hunterian.gla.ac.uk/collections/museum/hominid/hominid_index.shtml]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The second definition is preferred by biologists; as per the [[Linnaean System of Classification]], it groups the organisms together by their ancestry.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Hominid]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Evolution]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Biology]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Race&amp;diff=162116</id>
		<title>Talk:Race</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Race&amp;diff=162116"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T16:36:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Was this lifted from a nineteenth century textbook? */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Since the Great Flood ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In my opinion, this part should at least be introduced as &amp;quot;According to Creationists&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;For those who believe in...&amp;quot;.[[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 16:53, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Its a [[Conservapedia:Differences with Wikipedia|conservative fact]], see [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Conservapedia_talk:Commandments&amp;amp;diff=41919&amp;amp;oldid=40811%20talk:Commandments here]. [[User:Auld Nick|Auld Nick]] 12:25, 12 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Neanderthal==&lt;br /&gt;
They seem to have forgotten the Neanderthal.  As it is currently listed as Homo sapiens neanderthalensis on this website it should be listed as one of the races.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:25, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Only if it says so in the Bible. [[User:Auld Nick|Auld Nick]] 11:48, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Was this lifted from a nineteenth century textbook?==&lt;br /&gt;
Good Freaking God. Newsflash: Asians are not &amp;quot;yellow.&amp;quot; Native Americans are not &amp;quot;Red.&amp;quot; Stupidpedia strikes again!--[[User:27102340|27102340]] 12:31, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:If this article is going to mention what science once thought about races, then at least get it right.  The original physical anthropologists that developed the biological race model had only three races: Caucasians, Mongloids, and Negroids.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:35, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Race&amp;diff=162115</id>
		<title>Talk:Race</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Race&amp;diff=162115"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T16:35:44Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Was this lifted from a nineteenth century textbook? */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Since the Great Flood ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In my opinion, this part should at least be introduced as &amp;quot;According to Creationists&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;For those who believe in...&amp;quot;.[[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 16:53, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Its a [[Conservapedia:Differences with Wikipedia|conservative fact]], see [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Conservapedia_talk:Commandments&amp;amp;diff=41919&amp;amp;oldid=40811%20talk:Commandments here]. [[User:Auld Nick|Auld Nick]] 12:25, 12 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Neanderthal==&lt;br /&gt;
They seem to have forgotten the Neanderthal.  As it is currently listed as Homo sapiens neanderthalensis on this website it should be listed as one of the races.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:25, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Only if it says so in the Bible. [[User:Auld Nick|Auld Nick]] 11:48, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Was this lifted from a nineteenth century textbook?==&lt;br /&gt;
Good Freaking God. Newsflash: Asians are not &amp;quot;yellow.&amp;quot; Native Americans are not &amp;quot;Red.&amp;quot; Stupidpedia strikes again!--[[User:27102340|27102340]] 12:31, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
If this article is going to mention what science once thought about races, then at least get it right.  The original physical anthropologists that developed the biological race model had only three races: Caucasians, Mongloids, and Negroids.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:35, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=162098</id>
		<title>Talk:Neanderthal</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=162098"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T16:16:28Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Advice to Young Earth Creationists */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;''Thought by evolutionists to represent some sort of &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot;. In fact, fits well within the normal height-weight ratios of modern humans''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How does the fact that they were physically similar to modern humans in some characteristics preclude them from having lived in caves? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 07:47, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:You need to consider the connotation of ''caveman'', not just its denotation.&lt;br /&gt;
:*denotation: a human being who lives in a cave : cave-dweller&lt;br /&gt;
:*connotation: a primitive (practical subhuman) creature having the appearance of ''homo sapiens'' and yet not really a person&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:This is rough, of course, or I'd simply add it to the article. Do you get my drift? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 07:50, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So why use the term &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot; in the article? In what way does the height/weight ratio of the neanderthals have a bearing on whether they were modern humans or not? Can you link to some evolutionist researh in which neanderthals are described as subhuman? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 08:10, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:No, I can't. I don't know enough about [[human origins]] to do that. You sound like you know more about this than I do. May I offer you some writing tasks to volunteer for? ;-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 08:58, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Good job on this, too bad it isn't going to last long.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 14:29, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Don't mess with this article!==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I wrote 90% of this article and it now falls under my protection: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* I will only allow additions with credible references:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Good&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: accredited news agencies, science journals, university websites and research papers &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Bad&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: blogs, 100 year old books, AiG, CMI,...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* I will not allow creationist material in this article: this one's for science, if you're a YEC, go to a debate page or go vandalize the [[Dinosaur]] article&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:95%? Give me a bit more credit thatn that, it took me a while to get this article properly started. Your work on the article is superb, but I claim th eright to assist with this project. Your work is excellent though, in transforming my text to a full article and I wonder if you would be interested in doing the same for [[Homo]] [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is 90% ok?&lt;br /&gt;
But, yeah, of course you can edit, anyone can edit this, as long as it's properly sourced.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
:: 90%, Ah, go on then, but I am only letting you off on account of the funky photos. [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here goes your article. I hope you have the strength and power to defend your version. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:20, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:What's this about it being under ''your'' protection?  All articles on Conservapedia are subject to being edited by others.  And what's wrong with AiG and CMI as sources?  Just because they have a different worldview to you is no reason to malign them.&lt;br /&gt;
:And what's with the (offensive) distinction between &amp;quot;science&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;creationist material&amp;quot;?  Since when does the atheistic worldview have a monopoly on science?&lt;br /&gt;
:[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I think his claim of &amp;quot;Under his protection&amp;quot; is based on user:conservative's protecting the articles that he writes, the majority of, without allowing other editors, non sysops, to make changes.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 10:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::TimS has it right, I guess. And definitely not &amp;quot;All articles&amp;quot; are open to being edited. &lt;br /&gt;
:::P.S. Fortunately, science is not monopolized by a religious or areligious group/worldview. Many scientists are Christians. But they do science, not religion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:37, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::Some articles (too many) are locked to prevent vandalism or liberal edits, but none are limited to a single author (some essays excepted).&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[physical science|Origins science]] does tend to be monopolised by one religion: atheism.  Even many of the Christians working in science have been bluffed into thinking atheistically.&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:52, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Obviously not. And not. But this is not the place for that kind of discussion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:56, 14 May 2007 (EDT) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::::Then why start it here?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:59, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::::Good question, only you know the answer. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 04:01, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Why did someone change the opening to this article?  It was well written and factual.  The reference to Mousterian tool tradition is accurate.  Shouldn't the editor give some explanation as to why parts have been removed?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Society in anatomy ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I see alot of items concerning society being included in the anatomy section.  Could someone more wiki-savvy than I clear that up?  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Minor fix...all done[[User:JoyousOne|JoyousOne]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Copyright of images ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What is the copyright status of the images in the article?  A quick glance would suggest to me that they have simply been copied from a web-site.  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:02, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is incorrect==&lt;br /&gt;
CPWebmaster, the Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is not the correct name for the neanderthal. It is Homo neanderthalensis. Neanderthalensis and Sapiens are different species. Please correct.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:04, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article really should be renamed Homo neanderthalensis.  The Homo sapien neanderthalensis classification was largely based on Willian King's 1864 observations and conclusions that Neanderthals were very closely related to modern humans.  Current research into Neanderthal DNA has revealed no evolutionary link between the two species, therefore many anthropologists tend to classfy Neanderthals as a seperate species. [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:14, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Smithsonian Institution classifies neanderthal as Homo neanderthalensis http://www.mnh.si.edu/anthro/humanorigins/ha/neand.htm.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:35, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I wasn't going to comment because I should be in bed by now, but would an acceptable compromise be to name the article either &amp;quot;Neanderthal Man&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Neandertal Man&amp;quot; (there's justification for both) and then explain the scientific name(s) in the body of the article?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:45, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Perhaps but it does sidestep the scientific naming of the organism. --[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::How does it &amp;quot;sidestep&amp;quot; it?  It would still be included, and in more detail; it just wouldn't be in the title.  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:03, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::The issue is what the correct naming is.  When you are using a scientific name for an organism like Homo sapiens, you list it as genius then species.  The title here is incorrect, if we remove it then continue to use Homo sapiens neanderthalensis we would still be wrong.  What CPWebmaster did was basically reclassify that species Neanderthal is.  He has placed it on the same level as Asian, White, Black ect.  If this were true then the extinction of Neanderthal would have also provided the extinction of the whites in the same areas.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:00, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::: You think that Homo sapiens is a genius?&lt;br /&gt;
:::: Seriously, I haven't checked the references, but I think I'm correct in saying that secular scientists have at some time in the past classified Neanderthal Man as fully human (i.e. Homo sapiens Neanderthalis), also that some people still consider him that, and ''possibly'' even that some of that second group are secular scientists.&lt;br /&gt;
:::: So wouldn't it be better to explain all that (or whatever the precise story is) in the body of the article, and not &amp;quot;take sides&amp;quot; by choosing one of the titles for the article title?&lt;br /&gt;
:::: [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:23, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::Homo is the genius, sapiens is the species.  The way this article reads is Homo (genius) Sapiens (species), Neanderthalis (subspecies).  That classification was changes upon DNA evidence and more understanding of physiological data.  Look at my link to the Smithsonian's classification.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:31, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History according to Creationists== &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Malnutrition and longer life spans could cause features similar to those seen in Neanderthal skeletons.&amp;quot; If malnutrition was a cause of features then the features would not be passed down to their offspring. Only genetic mutation would cause this, thus speciation. Please explain this stance for as of now it A. shows that neanderthal was speciated B. that the statement is incorrect about nutrition causing the features and that they were homo sapians if they had the same nutritional avaliblity as the rest of man kind.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The claims that Neanderthals could speak exactly as modern humans is still hotly debated by physical anthropologists.  Stating this as a fact is grossly misleading.  In addition, many of the cranial features of neanderthals are NOT seen in modern humans.  Mainly the abscence of a chin, the extreme prognathic midface, the larger brows, and the much lower cranial vault. The occipital bones protrude alot, and sport a depression caled the suprainiac fossa for the attachment of much larger neck muscles.  There also exists a retromolar gap.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I agree.  CPWebmaster is pulling from the AIG website which has trouble finding empirical evidence for their claims on Neanderthal.  Their mtDNA claim is refuted by what I posted below.  They have not even updated to the new science evidence.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:03, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
OK, how do fossils prove the use of complex syntax in spoken language?  Also the claim that Neanerthals used tools to create complex tools is kinda misleading as well.  Neanderthals didn't make complex tools.  Almost all Neanderthal lithics are in the form of scrapers, flakes, and retouch points.  None of these are &amp;quot;complex&amp;quot; tools.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:30, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===mtDNA===&lt;br /&gt;
In 1999, scientists successfully extracted a 345 base pair sequence of mtDNA from a second Neandertal, a 29,000 year-old fossil of a baby recently discovered in Mesmaiskaya cave in south-western Russia. (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000, Höss 2000) The results of this study were similar to the previous ones, putting the Mezmaiskaya specimen outside the range of modern human mtDNA. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In addition, the two Neandertals are fairly similar, differing from each other in 12 base pairs. The difference is greater than that usually found between pairs of modern Europeans or Asians (only 1% of whom differ in 12 or more places), but comparable to the differences between modern Africans (37% of whom differ by 12 or more).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The distance between Mezmaiskaya and a particular modern human sequence known as the reference sequence (Anderson et al. 1981) was 22, compared to 27 for the first Neandertal. (However, no figures are given for the minimum, average and maximum distances between Mezmaiskaya and modern humans; it is unclear whether Mezmaiskaya is in general closer to modern humans than Feldhofer is.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The phylogenetic analyses of Ovchinnikov et al. show the two Neandertals grouped together, and separated from all modern humans. As with the first specimen, Mezmaiskaya also appears to be equidistant from all groups of modern humans, strengthening the conclusion that Neandertals are not closely related to modern Europeans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because this second individual was discovered about 2,500 km (1,500 miles) from the first, it provides very strong confirmation of the previous results. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The fact that its mtDNA was also fairly close to that of the first Neandertal makes it much less likely that Neandertals and the ancestors of modern humans were both part of an interbreeding population with a large amount of mtDNA genetic variation that has been mostly lost:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;In particular, these data reduce the likelihood that Neanderthals contained enough mtDNA sequence diversity to encompass modern human diversity&amp;quot; (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Interestingly, the preservation of the Mezmaiskaya specimen appears to be much better than that of the Feldhofer specimen. It is so good, in fact, that there is a possibility that its entire mtDNA genome may be able to be sequenced, and there is even a possibility that some of its nuclear DNA may be retrievable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
mtDNA from a third Neandertal&lt;br /&gt;
In 2000, scientists announced the sequencing of a third Neandertal mtDNA specimen from a cave at Vindija, Croatia (Krings et al. 2000). When the three Neandertals are compared with modern humans, all three of them cluster together, and apart from all modern humans. This conclusion is reinforced by a study by Knight (2003). Knight excluded from the comparison sites in the mtDNA genome which are known to have mutated more than once, and which are therefore poor indicators of phylogenetic relationships. His study strongly confirmed earlier ones showing deeply divergent histories for modern human mtDNA lineages and the known Neandertal ones. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Like modern humans, Neandertals had low genetic diversity compared to apes. The diversity of the three Neandertal mtDNA sequences (3.73%) is lower than that of chimpanzees (14.82+/-5.7%) and gorillas (18.57+/-5.26%), and similar to that of modern humans worldwide (3.43+/-1.22%). If modern humans are sorted into continental groups, the diversity of the three Neandertals is similar to (within one standard deviation of) that for Africans, Asians, native Americans and Australian aboriginals, and Oceanians. Modern Europeans, who live in approximately the same region as the Neandertals, have less diversity than the Neandertals. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Still more Neandertal mtDNA&lt;br /&gt;
Schmitz et al. (2002) reported on a fourth Neandertal mtDNA sequence from the second Neandertal fossil found at Feldhofer, the site in Germany at which the first Neandertal fossil was found. It was closely related to the previous Neandertal mtDNA sequences. &lt;br /&gt;
Serre et al. (2004) were able to sequence mtDNA from four other Neandertal fossils, along with mtDNA from five early modern humans. The four Neandertals all had mtDNA similar to those found in the previous Neandertals. Serre and his colleagues found no evidence of mtDNA gene flow between modern humans and Neandertals in either direction, but could not rule out the possibility of limited gene flow. Interestingly, the mtDNA sequences from the Vindija Neandertals, which have a less extreme Neandertal anatomy than the classic Neandertals, and are considered transitional between modern humans and classic Neandertals by some scientists, were no closer to modern humans than the rest of the Neandertal fossils. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is the Neandertal outside the human range?&lt;br /&gt;
Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that because two modern human sequences are 24 bases apart, while the smallest Neandertal/human difference is only 22, does not mean the Neandertal sequence is within the range of modern humans. To use an analogy, suppose we measured the height of 994 adult humans, and they varied from 4'8&amp;quot; to 6'8&amp;quot; (a difference of 24 inches). Suppose we then found a skeleton which was 8'6&amp;quot; in height. No one would claim that it fell within the modern human range because it was closer to the nearest human (22 inches) than the tallest human was from the shortest human (24 inches).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note also that the two figures (22 and 24) are measuring very different things, making it invalid to compare the two figures. Just as the Neandertal was compared against 994 modern humans, any of those humans could be similarly compared against the other 993 humans. We could compute the minimum, average, and maximum distance from that human to the other humans, just as was done for the Neandertal. If we calculated those values for all the humans, we could then calculate minimum, average and maximum values of all the individual minima, averages and maxima, and compare those values against the equivalent values for the Neandertal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We do not know from the Krings et al. 1997 paper the distribution of minimum distances of humans from other humans. The smallest such value is 1. The largest such value might, I suspect, be as much as 5. The same value for the Neandertal is 22, well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For average distances of humans to other humans, we know the average value is 8.0. The minimum average distance will be a little less; the maximum average value must be at least 12 (this can be deduced from the fact that there are two humans 24 apart) and less than 24; I would guess it might be about 16 for a highly atypical human. For the Neandertal, the value is 27, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For maximum distances, the maximum such value is 24, but for most humans, the maximum distance to any other human will be less than that. The value of 24 is highly atypical, because it is taken between the two individuals who have indepently diverged farthest from mitochondrial Eve, and is the maximum of nearly half a million (994 * 993 / 2) comparisons among modern humans. For the Neandertal, the value is 36, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In other words, for all three measurements (minimum, average and maximum distances to other humans), the Neandertal measurement is much larger than the maximum value of the same measurement from a sample of 994 modern humans, and even further from the average value. The Neandertal is not merely outside the human range, but well outside it. &lt;br /&gt;
:--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:53, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Respect!&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Logic==&lt;br /&gt;
From CPWebmaster's talk page &lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When it comes to origins, AIG is obviously more valid than the Smithsonian. I am aware that Homo neanderthalensis is the &amp;quot;accepted&amp;quot; species, but this is merely hopeful thinking by evolutionists. In reality, Homo neanderthalensis is HUMAN. I placed it under a sub-species because I did not want it to conflict with the human article. CPWebmaster 11:49, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:If homo neanderthalensis is human as you said above, then why not list it with Homo sapiens? CPWebmaster, I can not understand why you would perceive AIG as more valid than the Smithsonian. There are thousands more scientists working and submitting to the Smithsonian than AIG. This provides a more critical environment for research. AIG struggles to have PhDs write articles within the scope of their discipline. How many times have you seen a physicist write about biology at AIG? The point is that if you plan to use taxonomy to describe an organism then you must follow taxonomy rules to describe the organism. Meaning if you wish to say that Neanderthal was a subspecies of Homo sapiens then you need to list Neanderthal as Homo sapiens. Otherwise you need to place it back with homo neanderthalensis.--TimS 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I don't know why I'm even trying to correct this article.  You cannot use logic against religious conviction.  No matter what we say he is still going to put a creationist slant on the article.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:23, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Do I even have to mention that based on a taxonomy the way this article is listed Neanderthal is of the same level as European, African, Asian, ect.  If this is the case then why did they die out while Europeans thrived?  If you place any of the other sub races of Homo sapiens into the environment they survive.  (This is assuming that Neanderthal came about due to the tower of Babel, like the other races of man according to YECs)--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 13:22, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I'm not sure that I follow this point, but one answer is that they did survive.  There is evidence of similarities with modern humans which suggests that modern humans are, in part, descended from Neanderthals.  Also, one YEC idea is that their distinctive features were due to diet and conditions, not genetics, which would suggest that they were not a separate group that died out, but are humans, and humans are still here.  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:07, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:There is an issue about the YEC diet claim, If we are to follow the YEC timeline then Humans lived in the same areas as Neanderthals at the same time so we would show a difference among all of the remains instead of a particular group.  If it was based on diet and not genetics than how is what I posted above with mtDNA found in Neanderthal remains explained?  Their physiology is much different than a human, not something that could come from diet (You do not get eyebrow ridges, or extra length of ribs from diet)--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:17, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Just to add if you and CPWebmaster claim that Neanderthal were humans then you should add them to the races article.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:26, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::You mean the [[Race]] article I presume?  No, I wouldn't add them there, for the following reason.  Creationists don't recognise that there are different races.  We are all one race&amp;amp;mdash;the human race.  So Neanderthals were not a different race.  The article does list some &amp;quot;races&amp;quot;, as they were formerly believed to be, but first, it doesn't say who believed this (I suspect an evolutionary basis), and second, for whatever reason, Neanderthals were, as far as I know, never considered as separate race, so it wouldn't be appropriate to add them to a list of what is actually a historical record.  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:38, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::That is the point I am making Philip.  If this were the case then CPWebmaster is wrong in labeling this page as Homo Sapiens Neaderthalensis.  This is why it should either be Homo Neaderthalensis or just Homo Sapiens.  To add the other delineator would mean that it would be a race of human.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:47, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== editing ==&lt;br /&gt;
By-the-by, going in and pulling the creationist part above the evolutionist part is kinda pathetic and childish.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I would have to agree, it is a bit sophomoric.  Not to mention the statement of taxonomic labeling.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Somebody found some talking fossils apparently.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Remind me not to spend hours on an article ever again! &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;P.S. please don't &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;stone&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; ban me for expressing my opinion (see [[First amendment]])&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Just 2 days after I wrote this article, using only reliable sources, it's already been vandalized beyond recognition, look! It even has quotes of questionable origin already!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Do we really have to have this &amp;quot;but creationist assert this and quote &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;mine&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; that, and the flood ...&amp;quot; thingy in every article, there's plenty of that on other pages.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I did not claim this article for myself, I just set some guidelines for other editors to keep it factual and respectable (most people out there aren't YECs you know!)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Why the f*ck are there no dates in the intro anymore? Do they threaten the emotional comfort of your little &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;medieval&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; sheltered world? You think you're making Jesus proud through ignorance?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And yes, of course that picture of neanderthal men came from a website: I can't exactly go take a picture of a living neanderthal myself, now can I?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And it's &amp;quot;Homo neanderthlalensis&amp;quot;, not &amp;quot;Homo sapiens neanderthalensis&amp;quot; as in &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;separate&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; species, Tims is a molecular biologist, what are you?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What's wrong with writing an article according to the current scientific consensus? Sure I could make something up too, maybe even twist the facts just enough to make everything fit in with Egyptian mythology! But I chose to follow the &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;experts&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; instead.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If the reader is a YEC he's not gonna believe this article anyway!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
AiG more credible than the Smithsonian? &lt;br /&gt;
Yeah, of course &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;a bunch of uneducated hillbillies&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; AiG's YECs are more credible than the Smithsonian's accredited biologists and archaeologists when it comes to science!&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Middleman, I agree with you.  I thought this was conservapedia not YECpedia.  No one has said that being a conservative means rejecting science as a whole.  What CPWebmaster did would be considered vandalism if the POV was change.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 13:39, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I tried to add some stuff and keep it scientific, but I was reverted by the ConservativeChristianYoungEarthAntiScience Aganda. Just give up, this site is a joke anyway.  The only reason I know about it is a student of mine actually used it as a source in writing a paper.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:45, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is it that your information has been removed or merely that creationist viewpoints have been added as well?  I hope both viewpoints are allowed to stand and I hope it is done in a way that is respectful to the work that each of you has put into the article. [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 14:24, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Unfortunatly, no, the overlords have erased information that is scientific in nature and replaced it with their own ideas.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 14:27, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I have created separate articles now, with links to one another at the bottom: one for YECs and one for science, I will revert all creationist material on the evolutionary version, however I don't care about what's being written in the creationist version, feel free to add whatever &amp;quot;alternative worldviews&amp;quot; you want to that one!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
YEC: [[Homo neanderthalensis (Creationist's view)|here]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Evo: [[Homo neanderthalensis|here]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::stick with one article please. --[[User:CPAdmin1|Tim &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(CPAdmin1)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;]]&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User talk:CPAdmin1|talk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 15:42, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But this one's too crappy.&lt;br /&gt;
And that one page would have to be called Homo neanderthalensis.&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
P.S. this particular page (Homo sapiens neanderthalensis) should be deleted for this to avoid confusion.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Your naming will never survive based upon how you have constructed it.  You'll need to have separate sections with 'Creationist' in one title and 'Evolutionist' in the other.  Also the article called 'Creationist' view appears to be merely a copy of the current article and is replete with information that does not match Creationist thought.  You may wish to consider a different strategy if you wish to have any chance of success. [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 15:08, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you don't like it (the creationist version) in its current form you can always edit it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Evolution is the dominant theory, the default setting, creationism is an alternative for a minority.&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I am still wanting to see what CPWebmaster's logic is based on what I listed above for the genius and species of Homo Neanderthalensis.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 14:44, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Don't worry, these 3 pages seem to act like coupled photons: whatever you type on one talk page, instantaneously appears on the other two as well!&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;No other organisms, either living or fossil, made tools to make other complex tools, buried their dead, had controlled use of fire, practiced religious ceremonies, used complex syntax in their spoken grammar, and played musical instruments, yet we know from their fossils that Neanderthal engaged in all.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
I still want to know how a fossilized piece of bone can tell you about complex syntax.  Last time I checked fossils don't talk.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 17:25, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Just a quick note, nobody will come to an &amp;quot;encyclopedia&amp;quot; like this and search for [[Homo neanderthalensis]] or [[Homo sapiens neanderthalensis]]. Instead, they'll look for [[Neanderthal]] or [[Neandertal]]. They both redirect to the 'creationist' [[Homo sapiens neanderthalensis]]. Thus, MiddleMan's 'scientific' version will only be seen by a) who reads this talk page or b) from the Hominid category. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 04:12, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;''And yes, of course that picture of neanderthal men came from a website: I can't exactly go take a picture of a living neanderthal myself, now can I?''&amp;quot;.  You appear to be justifying using a presumably-copyright photograph on the basis that you are unable to take your own photograph of real Neanderthals.  That is not justification for using copyright photographs.  And my question also pertained to the map.  If the images are copyright and used without permission, they will have to go, regardless of your inability to supply an alternative.  Will you do the right thing or will I delete them? [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:13, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are lots of pics without sources on this website, yet only one the ones that hits a sore spot among YECs is removed, besides the sysop who removed it didn't say anything about copyrighting, he stated &amp;quot;This is nothing like Neanderthals would have looked like. in reality they looks a LOT more like aps, with curved, bent hands, etc.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Interestingly, I addressed this (sadly widespread) myth in the article itself (it's also the reason why I said 100 year old books are bad sources), so if he would just have taken the time to actually read the article...&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== transitional fossil? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Neanderthal Man is not considered to be a direct ancestor of modern humans, but their remains are examples of [[transitional fossil]]s along a subsidiary branch, an evolutionary dead end.&amp;quot;{{fact}}&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A transitional fossil to what?  Extinction?  Somehow this seems an incorrect usage.  There is no linkage from one form to another.  Perhaps the following wording should be employed?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Neanderthal Man is not considered to be a direct ancestor of modern humans, but formed along a subsidiary branch that ended in extinction.&amp;quot;{{fact}}&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 02:51, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
You're quit right, I changed it accordingly.&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Advice to evolutionists ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I was going to write a piece here with the title above, but because this sort of issue has come up so often, I decided to create a sub-page of my user page to hold it instead.  It relates particularly to this dispute, so I urge editors here to read my comments at [[User:Philip J. Rayment/Advice to evolutionists]].  I will, however, make some further comments on this page to some specific points.  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:01, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Philip I read and understood your points in your article.  The issue I think that has to be presented is that this website claims that it is Conservative in nature not exclusively YEC.  Therefore to edit strictly in a YEC POV would be falsifying the claim of the website.  Even Andy has stated that this website is not specifically YEC.&lt;br /&gt;
::No, Conservapedia does not have a specifically YEC agenda. But our rules do not allow the kind of speculation-as-fact claims that are found on Wikipedia and other sites concerning an old earth or evolution or any other predominantly liberal ideology. Thanks.--Aschlafly 08:03, 5 May 2007 (EDT) &lt;br /&gt;
:So to claim that it is would be misleading.  My issue with this page is the incorrect naming style used.  If you are going to use scientific terminology then you need to get it right.  If what CPWebmaster is true then this article should be moved under Homo sapiens.  If not then he needs to correct it.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:09, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Thanks for reading it.&lt;br /&gt;
::I wasn't suggesting editing in a YEC POV.  I was pointing out that despite the YEC point of view that will not allow articles to be edited in an evolutionary POV, evolutionary editors continue to edit in an evolutionary POV rather than a more neutral POV that should (hopefully) be acceptable to both sides.&lt;br /&gt;
:: [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:28, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::You know that timelines of the earth are geological based not evolutionary based.  If we were to edit on a neutral POV then the edits that CPWebmaster did would have been reverted since they strictly removed scientific data to cause the article a more creationsit POV.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:33, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Advice to Young Earth Creationists==&lt;br /&gt;
You've got your YEC box in my article (Homo Neanderhalensis, without the sapiens), don't you prefer it's clear presentation of creationist objections over the usual chaotic torrent of out-of-context quotes, unsound &amp;quot;facts&amp;quot; and numerous AiG links that make up most YEC sections on this site?&lt;br /&gt;
You yourself linked to Dr. John Hartnett once, who actually has a Ph. D (I still think he's nutts though), don't you understand that that single link, has, to me (and other &amp;quot;evolutionists&amp;quot;), far more value than all the quotes and AiG links in the [[Dinosaur]] article combined?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Just look at the Dinosaur article, it's a complete mess composed of contradicting sections and contradictions within sections, out-of-context-quotes, and the kind of &amp;quot;scientific facts&amp;quot; that any college freshman can debunk on a spare afternoon.&lt;br /&gt;
And in the end the article reads like a debate and doesn't really tell the reader anything about actual dinosaurs.&lt;br /&gt;
That's what I meant by &amp;quot;go vandalize the Dinosaur article&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If you're going to add YEC stuff, then keep it separated from the rest of the article (don't make one sentence contradict the next one), don't use quotes (no scientist uses quotes), and only add points which have a reasonable chance of surviving the debunk attempts of a college freshman, you have to know what you're talking about before posting it, if necessary, do some research on the math or the science behind it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Don't question every scientific theory down to the very laws of physics, and don't say every theory is just a theory (you trust science when you fly on an airplane, use GPS, watch tv, and you trust scientist's calculations regarding the highly explosive chemical processes that take place under the hood of your car, don't you?)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And if you're going to question a scientific theory then be consistent, meaning you can't use other science, related to that theory, somewhere else: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- if you question carbon half lives, you also question&lt;br /&gt;
nuclear physic, meaning you question nuclear power, and A-bombs as well, and even question highschool chemistry.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
- if you question the value of the speed of light, you question relativity and thus you can't trust your GPS system either, you'd also question quantum mechanics.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finally, try to link to non-creationist websites and accredited scientists (like John Hartnett, for example), and never, ever use the Bible as a reference: if your theories are correct you should be able to find evidence outside of the Bible.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Then, maybe YECs won't be ridiculed all the time...&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What I have seen too many times is evolutionary baseed information being removed because it isn't &amp;quot;factual&amp;quot; and at the same time the YEC sections getting bigger and bigger.  As far as I know YEC isn't a &amp;quot;fact&amp;quot; either, but I rarely see any of that stuff being edited out.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:16, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Science_of_global_warming&amp;diff=161879</id>
		<title>Talk:Science of global warming</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Science_of_global_warming&amp;diff=161879"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T13:18:20Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Secular scientists 'believe' */&lt;/p&gt;
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== Editing This Page ==&lt;br /&gt;
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*Please refrain from wholesale editing, rollbacks, re-directs.  Adding pertinent information is encouraged, however please discuss here first before major changes are implemented. It does not do the site a service to keep making drastic changes, then having someone else roll them back ten minutes later!  '''Will will start with the basic FACT that the Earth does appear to be in a warming cycle, and that its ''natural occurrence'' is aggravated by man's burning of fossil fuels in increasing amounts.''' It is simply not a proven fact, among a preponderance of scientists that warming cycles are only caused by Humans.  In any event, from what I have read by the most alarmist backers like Al Gore, all mediating efforts that we could undertake, cannot and will not reverse what they claim is going to happen.  So, we should treat this as a theory, and one that is at least as much a political item as one of Natural Science. --~ [[User:TK|Sysop-TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 21:58, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Biased Line ==&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;Also, these scientists are mostly liberal athiests, untroubled by the hubris that man can destroy the Earth which God gave him&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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Whoever said this you clearly have no idea what you are talking about. source that please!&lt;br /&gt;
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Can you even pretend to be able to source such an outrageous claim? It's lines like this that open this project to ridicule.--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 22:31, 9 March 2007 (EST)&lt;br /&gt;
: Sandbagger and other vandals added those lines. They have been removed and the vandals have been banned. If I am online and I see such lines, with no citations I will report future vandals after they do the same and revert their edits. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 16:49, 12 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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(that he has problems trying to give away)&lt;br /&gt;
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See Dave3172's comment above, this editorial has the same effect. The implication is that the film won't be seen by anyone. Unfortunately, the reverse is true, the film has been very popular and its success will somewhat stifle true debate of the issue.--[[User:Jasonhc|Jasonhc]] 22:15, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: How about I change it to (some schools have rejected free copies of it)? --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 10:28, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I edited in a section called 'Evidence' that was solidly backed up with references to reputable scientific sites. I see they've been reverted for 'Liberal bias'. What's 'Liberal bias' about facts about glacier recession and sea level rise? [[User:Britinme|Britinme]] 23:10, 23 March 2007&lt;br /&gt;
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The article currently says &amp;quot;The theory enjoys wide political support, but many climatologists and meteorologists disagree with it.&amp;quot; This makes it sound as if there is an even balance between the number of climatologists and meteorologists who agree and disagree with the theory. This is inaccurate. The sentence should read &amp;quot;a minority of climatologists and meteorologists disagree with it.&amp;quot; I thought we were all about accuracy? The following sentence about 'consensus' is negated by the references to two out of that small minority of climatologists and meteorologists who disagree. By all means  their names and views should be left in, to represent their disagreement, but their weight in the scale of scientific opinion should not be over-represented, and it should be balanced by reference to the names of proponents of the theory. I would be happy to make these changes, but the page is locked. [[User:Britinme|Britinme]] 11:45, 25 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Points ==&lt;br /&gt;
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=== Point 1 ===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Point #1 has become very widely accepted in the past few decades, even by conservatives who were once skeptical.&amp;quot;  -- Not surprisingly there's no citation for this!   &amp;quot;Very widely accepted&amp;quot;??  You don't have to look far to find low temperature records being set.  Here's one link: http://www.rushlimbaugh.com/home/daily/site_020507/content/0205071.guest.html  [[User:Bwilliston|Bwilliston]] 02:25, 10 March 2007 (EST)&lt;br /&gt;
: I added in a few more links showing conservatives agreeing with rising temps. I also added in links that show record low temperatures. I want to try and show both sides of the debates. Because a lot of the data is conflicting or the same data yields different results based on the way it is interpreted, it shows that nobody can really know for sure what the truth is or is not. Yet what I did hope to cover in this article is the global warming scam of selling carbon credits, books, videos, and making profits off of oil stocks by those who are pro-global warming as a motive for why they lie or fabricate information to promote global warming. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 15:48, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:: The first link says &amp;quot;Excepting the El Nino year of 1998, since about 1979, the Earth's temperature apparently has not been increasing.&amp;quot;.  It's a link about *not* accepting global warming.  The second has a liberal and &amp;quot;ex-liberal&amp;quot; discussing various points.  In response to a claim from the liberal that temperatures have been increasing, the &amp;quot;ex-liberal&amp;quot; says: &amp;quot;MANY other physical anthropologists, scientists, and other professionals have refuted that data as well&amp;quot; (with four broken links for citations, so I don't know which refutations he had in mind).  And in the third link I see one conservative (Rod Dreher) mentioning &amp;quot;overwhelming scientific evidence&amp;quot; but it's pretty vague, and certainly doesn't justify the claim that the idea of increasing global temperatures is &amp;quot;very widely accepted&amp;quot; by conservatives.   [[User:Bwilliston|Bwilliston]] 20:35, 12 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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=== Point 4 ===&lt;br /&gt;
I think this is wrong. &amp;quot;Measures to combat global warming/climate change&amp;quot; are what it talks about. It would be like saying you could say communism and mean the Marshall Plan.[[User:Thisisausername|Thisisausername]] 17:43, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: How do you propose we fix it? Most Wikis have a &amp;quot;fix it yourself&amp;quot; policy, you know. :) I am open to suggestions. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 19:47, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:: It reads better now, thanks for the edit. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 21:40, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== FYI ==&lt;br /&gt;
The British Conservative party was in the news today concerning climate change.[[User:Thisisausername|Thisisausername]] 17:47, 11 March 2007 (EDT) [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6438685.stm]&lt;br /&gt;
: Thanks it has been added. It is good to represent both sides of the issue for a fair and balanced look. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 21:18, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Profit Motive ==&lt;br /&gt;
While a lot of space is devoted to the idea that proponents of global warming are profiting by it, why isn't the same treatment being given to those who oppose it? Such as the scientists who received funding from the oil companies?--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 20:15, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: Probably because I haven't written it yet, trying to revert your vandalism and the vandalism of Sandbagger. It is a work in progress and the more you screw it up the longer it will take me to fix it. I have a headache from the both of you doing nonsense and I have to quit tonight. I'll try to add in more later. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 20:24, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Excuse me? I vandalized nothing, but made an edit that needed editing. Frankly, a lot of your stuff should be wiped for lack of sourcing, but I'm trying real hard to keep in mind what this project is trying to do.--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 20:29, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::: I provided at least 15 sources since I started contributing to this article. I have done a lot of research on the subject for both sides. You may deny vandalizing, and while you weren't as bad as Sandbagger, that is the reason why I didn't report you. I have you on notice. Now it is you who have to provide the sources for the proponents of global warming profiting from it. I was going to do it myself, but since you claim a lot of my stuff needs wiping, I'll give you the honors. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 20:36, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::You want to report me for vandalism? Because I removed one half of a title that was opinion? Go for it.--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 20:40, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::: Blanking is vandalism, but you are lucky I gave you the benefit of the doubt. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 20:43, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::Fixing an opinion is not blanking, especially when its explained. You need to take a reality check.--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 20:45, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::: It is you who is having the issues, not me. There are now over 33 citations in the article backing up most of what I had added to it. It is you who has an allergy to the truth, not me. I am not upset over this, I am just tired. I got better things to do than get into a spitting contest with you over this. I apologize if I said you vandalized it, I have had a bad day, and seeing Sandbagger scribble nonsense all over this article kind of got to me, and I guess I sort of lumped you into it with him. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 20:48, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::: I tell you what, I'll leave the &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;citations needed&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; in the conservative view section showing the bias of skeptical scientists up to you. Unlike you, I won't bully you into hurrying up and add them in like you have done to me or question the credibility of the source or any of the other political things you have done to me. Take all the time you need, use whatever resources you can find. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 21:22, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Source #16 ==&lt;br /&gt;
How can you possibly use a letter to the editor as a source? Especially when said letter had no actual hard evidence in it?--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 20:32, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: I have more sources I haven't used yet. They have quotes showing the evidence of the silencing. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 20:37, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::The problem with your sources (aside from the questionability of their reliability) is that you've attached them to a paragraph discussed the alleged lack of controls in testing. Which none of your sources mention.--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 20:47, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::: Actually I did add in one. I was prevented from doing so because you were editing/saving the article, and I had to delay adding it until later. It is in there now. I even added in sources from conservatives who did political actions to fight global warming or say that global warming is a problem. Are you questioning everything I contributed, or just the parts you politically disagree with yet lack the proof to discredit (or at least have not shown me any proof that they should be discredited)? Remember this is not Wikipedia, there is not supposed to be a liberal bias here, and I am one of the few that actually is adding in some parts of the liberal and pro-global warming side of global warming issues. I am putting in what the skeptics are saying and what conservatives are saying, and if you have a problem with that, you can go back to Wikipedia and start your own edits of the global warming article there, maybe they'll put up with you. Your comments about wiping out all of my comments just prove the liberal side wants to silence and censor critics of global warming, and comments of that nature along with your bad attitude are what made me suspect you were a vandal like Sandbagger in the first place. By the way, what is stopping you from adding citations and paraphrasing them in anyway? A Wiki is a community edited web site, why are you trying to force me to do all of your work for you? I don't take away your free speech and threaten to wipe everything you contributed. In fact I encouraged you to add to the article with at least some citations to prove what you have been saying about it in this talk page. Are you just a critic, with no gumption to actually add to articles and back up what you are trying to say? --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 20:52, 11 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== The whole article ==&lt;br /&gt;
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The whole thing is a politically motivated hack job. What on earth does Global warming have to do with religion that would lead to such pap passed off as fact on this site?&lt;br /&gt;
: Global warming has become a new religion with Al Gore as the Pope of global warming. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 10:27, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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It's responses like this previous one which threaten to keep me coming back to this discussion board... for entertainment purposes, of course. Is this new global warming &amp;quot;religion&amp;quot; similar to Darwinism I've heard about? Many other well recognized and substantially supported scientific ideas have been labeled &amp;quot;religions&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;agendas,&amp;quot; etc...  I personally believe this points to the dichotamous nature of the conservative mindset, and perhaps a little bit of paranoia too. Folks who disregard science on the basis that it doesn't mix well with their present beliefs are helplessly incapable of understanding science. Now, does the scientist understand religion? Well, that's not a topic for science.&lt;br /&gt;
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==Did you know...==&lt;br /&gt;
Does anyone here know that the polar ice caps have been shrinking considerably during the past three years?  Now what on Mars could be doing that?&lt;br /&gt;
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Yes, you read that correctly: MARS.  It has been documented by NASA, National Geographic, the Mars Global Observatory, etc.  Now what could be causing the retreat of the Martian ice caps?  There's no factories there, no automobiles, no cows expelling gasses in the fields.  I want to hear the excuse for it from the global warming supporters as to why the ice caps on Mars are retreating.  Hint: there's only one answer.  [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 21:52, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: Either it is a natural cycle on Mars, or solar activity increased and is generating more heat. If the later, it disproves pro-global warming scientists. Unless pro-global warming scientists want to claim that Martians are polluting CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; on Mars to cause global warming, in which there is no evidence of Martians. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 10:27, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::If it's the sun, and I do think it is, you have to think of how much farther from the sun Mars is as compared to earth. [[User:Karajou|Karajou]] 16:32, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: It doesn't 'disprove' pro-global warming scientists. It just factors in increased solar activity as another aspect of global warming and says nothing about anthropogenic aspects. Scientists generally believe that solar forcing, as it's called, is in the neighbourhood of one tenth of the total contribution to the heating of the atmosphere. Even this skeptic is citing solar forcing as no more than one third to two thirds contribution, and feels that anthropogenic contributions will be more important over the next century. http://www.sciencebits.com/CO2orSolar . What are your figures for the extent of polar ice cap recession on Mars compared to the extent of polar ice cap recession on Earth? Take into account too the very different atmospheric conditions prevailing on Mars. --[[User:Britinme|Britinme]]1:15, 24 March 2007&lt;br /&gt;
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== Al Gore is no expert and no saint ==&lt;br /&gt;
These lines were removed, but they paint a picture of Al Gore:&lt;br /&gt;
In fact, Al Gore does not even follow his own advice and actually made a lot of money with oil stocks, and uses private jets that pollute CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;, instead of using economical flights that pollute less CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; or electric trains to promote his books and videos. http://www.usatoday.com/news/opinion/editorials/2006-08-09-gore-green_x.htm Plus Al Gore does not have a science degree, but one in government and an undergraduate degree and not a PHD, and Gore scored low in his science tests and classes. http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&amp;amp;contentId=A37397-2000Mar18 So why is Al Gore the leading expert on global warming if he doesn't even have a degree in science or had good grades in science, rather than a certified and qualified climatologist with the ability to give an academic lecture and follows the scientific method, instead of Gore who just shows pictures.&lt;br /&gt;
Furthermore, Gore did nothing to try and halt global warming while he was vice-president, and actually worked with Bill Clinton to reject bills and ideas that would have reduced CO&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; and pollution under the Kyoto protocols, that both rejected. http://www.dissidentvoice.org/July06/Frank18.htm &lt;br /&gt;
Al Gore is no scientist, and he didn't do anything to halt global warming while in office. I think he does a lot of credibility damage to global warming because of these things. --[[User:Orion Blastar|Orion Blastar]] 10:35, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Bias==&lt;br /&gt;
Dang, this article is really biased. People need to realise that Earth is changing, and it is being caused by humans. It is sad to see how people are so disrespectful to the work of God. I think that destroying everything great that the Lord has made is a terrible sin and this website should recognise the harm that they are doing to this great gift that God has given us.&lt;br /&gt;
--[[User:Flax+|Flax+]] 19:51, 17 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*I believe there is plenty of evidence, and scientists,  who do not adopt the panic-mode of Gore and others. Many believe it is a natural occurrence, perhaps hastened by fossil fuel consumption, but nevertheless something that has occurred hundreds of times, in the life of the planet.  It is your job, everyone, as contributors and posters here, to edit the page to strike some balance, rather than dismiss opposing thought as morons, and ignore what others say.  ''If this cannot be done, I will lock the page''.  I hate to do that, because supposedly adults, thinking people, should be able to arrive at a meaningful compromise.  Anything else is intellectual dishonesty. --~ [[User:TK|Terry]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 01:57, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Lots of things are &amp;quot;perfectly natural&amp;quot;.... like dying of [[cholera]] at age 28.  We do our best to stop that from happening, too. --[[User:Scrap|Scrap]] 02:01, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::The way we stopped cholera is by avoiding wishful thinking and carrying out careful experiments. There's a fascinating detective story about how the first researcher proved that it was contaminated water (from a single pump?) that was causing a cholera epidemic in London. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 02:04, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::On the other hand, if we render the planet TOTALLY unlivable, Jesus will HAVE to return and save us all!&lt;br /&gt;
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::No need to lock the page. I know a lot about what both sides are saying and can perhaps help to craft a balanced article. (I am the original author of [[Wikipedia:Writing for the enemy]].) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 02:02, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Thanks Ed!!  Thats the spirit!  I posted some links below, so some can take a look, possibly add their own, of actual scientists who just hate all the alarmism.  Feel free to IM me anytime. --~ [[User:TK|Terry]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 02:31, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:*'''Sorry, some felt the need for a fight tonight, I guess, and kept reverting.  Just let me know, I will unlock it once the children have stopped their tantrums.''' --~ [[User:TK|Terry]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 02:49, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Facts &amp;amp; Links To Check Out... ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Whose Ox Is Gored? The media discover the former vice president's environmental exaggerations and hypocrisy:[http://www.opinionjournal.com/diary/?id=110009804]&lt;br /&gt;
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The Tempest&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/05/23/AR2006052301305_pf.html]&lt;br /&gt;
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Global Warming: The Origin and Nature of the Alleged Scientific Consensus:  Richard S. Lindzen is the Alfred P. Sloan Professor of Meteorology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology [http://www.cato.org/pubs/regulation/regv15n2/reg15n2g.html]&lt;br /&gt;
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An Inconvenient Truth: Al Gore Can’t Give Junk Science Away: [http://newsbusters.org/node/9262]&lt;br /&gt;
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From a Rapt Audience, a Call to Cool the Hype:  [http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/13/science/13gore.html]   &lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;...But part of his scientific audience is uneasy. In talks, articles and blog entries that have appeared since his film and accompanying book came out last year, these scientists argue that some of Mr. Gore’s central points are exaggerated and erroneous. They are alarmed, some say, at what they call his alarmism.&lt;br /&gt;
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“I don’t want to pick on Al Gore,” Don J. Easterbrook, an emeritus professor of geology at Western Washington University, told hundreds of experts at the annual meeting of the Geological Society of America. “But there are a lot of inaccuracies in the statements we are seeing, and we have to temper that with real data.”&lt;br /&gt;
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Mr. Gore, in an e-mail exchange about the critics, said his work made “the most important and salient points” about climate change, if not “some nuances and distinctions” scientists might want. “The degree of scientific consensus on global warming has never been stronger,” he said, adding, “I am trying to communicate the essence of it in the lay language that I understand.”&lt;br /&gt;
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Although Mr. Gore is not a scientist, he does rely heavily on the authority of science in “An Inconvenient Truth,” which is why scientists are sensitive to its details and claims. &lt;br /&gt;
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'''Criticisms of Mr. Gore have come not only from conservative groups and prominent skeptics of catastrophic warming, but also from rank-and-file scientists like Dr. Easterbook, who told his peers that he had no political ax to grind. A few see natural variation as more central to global warming than heat-trapping gases. Many appear to occupy a middle ground in the climate debate, seeing human activity as a serious threat but challenging what they call the extremism of both skeptics and zealots.'''&lt;br /&gt;
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Kevin Vranes, a climatologist at the Center for Science and Technology Policy Research at the University of Colorado, said he sensed a growing backlash against exaggeration. While praising Mr. Gore for “getting the message out,” Dr. Vranes questioned whether his presentations were “overselling our certainty about knowing the future.”&lt;br /&gt;
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'''While reviewers tended to praise the book and movie, vocal skeptics of global warming protested almost immediately. Richard S. Lindzen, a climatologist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a member of the National Academy of Sciences, who has long expressed skepticism about dire climate predictions, accused Mr. Gore in The Wall Street Journal of “shrill alarmism.”'''&lt;br /&gt;
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Some of Mr. Gore’s centrist detractors point to a report last month by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, a United Nations body that studies global warming. The panel went further than ever before in saying that humans were the main cause of the globe’s warming since 1950, part of Mr. Gore’s message that few scientists dispute. But it also portrayed climate change as a slow-motion process. &lt;br /&gt;
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'''It estimated that the world’s seas in this century would rise a maximum of 23 inches — down from earlier estimates. Mr. Gore, citing no particular time frame, envisions rises of up to 20 feet and depicts parts of New York, Florida and other heavily populated areas as sinking beneath the waves, implying, at least visually, that inundation is imminent.'''&lt;br /&gt;
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Bjorn Lomborg, a statistician and political scientist in Denmark long skeptical of catastrophic global warming, said in a syndicated article that the panel, unlike Mr. Gore, had refrained from scaremongering. “Climate change is a real and serious problem” that calls for careful analysis and sound policy, Dr. Lomborg said. “The cacophony of screaming,” he added, “does not help.”&lt;br /&gt;
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So too, a report last June by the National Academies seemed to contradict Mr. Gore’s portrayal of recent temperatures as the highest in the past millennium. Instead, the report said, current highs appeared unrivaled since only 1600, the tail end of a temperature rise known as the medieval warm period.&lt;br /&gt;
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Roy Spencer, a climatologist at the University of Alabama, Huntsville, said on a blog that Mr. Gore’s film did “indeed do a pretty good job of presenting the most dire scenarios.” But the June report, he added, shows “that all we really know is that we are warmer now than we were during the last 400 years.”&lt;br /&gt;
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Other critics have zeroed in on Mr. Gore’s claim that the energy industry ran a “disinformation campaign” that produced false discord on global warming. The truth, he said, was that virtually all unbiased scientists agreed that humans were the main culprits. But Benny J. Peiser, a social anthropologist in Britain who runs the Cambridge-Conference Network, or CCNet, an Internet newsletter on climate change and natural disasters, challenged the claim of scientific consensus with examples of pointed disagreement.&lt;br /&gt;
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“Hardly a week goes by,” Dr. Peiser said, “without a new research paper that questions part or even some basics of climate change theory,” including some reports that offer alternatives to human activity for global warming. &lt;br /&gt;
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Geologists have documented age upon age of climate swings, and some charge Mr. Gore with ignoring such rhythms. &lt;br /&gt;
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'''“Nowhere does Mr. Gore tell his audience that all of the phenomena that he describes fall within the natural range of environmental change on our planet,” Robert M. Carter, a marine geologist at James Cook University in Australia, said in a September blog. “Nor does he present any evidence that climate during the 20th century departed discernibly from its historical pattern of constant change.”&lt;br /&gt;
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In October, Dr. Easterbrook made similar points at the geological society meeting in Philadelphia. He hotly disputed Mr. Gore’s claim that “our civilization has never experienced any environmental shift remotely similar to this” threatened change.&lt;br /&gt;
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Nonsense, Dr. Easterbrook told the crowded session. He flashed a slide that showed temperature trends for the past 15,000 years. It highlighted 10 large swings, including the medieval warm period. These shifts, he said, were up to “20 times greater than the warming in the past century.”''' &lt;br /&gt;
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Getting personal, he mocked Mr. Gore’s assertion that scientists agreed on global warming except those industry had corrupted. “I’ve never been paid a nickel by an oil company,” Dr. Easterbrook told the group. “And I’m not a Republican.”&lt;br /&gt;
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Biologists, too, have gotten into the act. In January, Paul Reiter, an active skeptic of global warming’s effects and director of the insects and infectious diseases unit of the Pasteur Institute in Paris, faulted Mr. Gore for his portrayal of global warming as spreading malaria.&lt;br /&gt;
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'''“For 12 years, my colleagues and I have protested against the unsubstantiated claims,” Dr. Reiter wrote in The International Herald Tribune. “We have done the studies and challenged the alarmists, but they continue to ignore the facts.”''' &amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/13/science/13gore.html]&lt;br /&gt;
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== Al Gore Header ==&lt;br /&gt;
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*Is it really necessary? --~ [[User:TK|Terry]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 04:00, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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There are hundreds of people, some with star power and knowledge exceeding Al Gore, on both sides of this issue. Why is Al Gore given somemuch time and space in this catagory?&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;So why is Al Gore the leading expert on global warming&amp;quot;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
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quoted from above. By whose notion is he the leading expert on Global Warming? Where is reference to Hansen, Broecker, Schmidt,Thompson et al, you know people who actually study this stuff for a living? Why focus on Gore?  ''---The preceeding unsigned comments were added by Third Day''&lt;br /&gt;
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:The Democratic Party is largely Liberal, and global warming is a big issue for liberals. Al Gore is one of the most popular Democrats, and he has a book out called &amp;quot;Earth in the Balance&amp;quot;. Who else *but* Gore? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 17:58, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
*Were you speaking to me? If so, I am wondering why the info under the Gore heading couldn't be better placed in the body of the article rather than his own heading..... --~ [[User:TK|Terry]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 18:02, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::More like, um, thinking aloud here. &lt;br /&gt;
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::Conservatives have [[Richard Lindzen]], who is an actual scientist who makes sense and doesn't fudge the numbers. Liberals only have &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;[[Jim Hansen]],&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; who will never live down his &amp;quot;scary scenarios&amp;quot; remark. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:04, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::*Oops, I meant [[Stephen Schneider]]. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:18, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
I just added a line to the Gore header, to balance it some. --~ [[User:TK|Terry]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 18:06, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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              =Some Liberal Bias=&lt;br /&gt;
Under &amp;quot;Conflicting Ideas/ Data&amp;quot; someone wrote &amp;quot;The global warming theory is a scientific theory, that has been supported by many peer-reviewed journal articles, published in highly respected international scientific journals.&amp;quot; Clearly this was done after deleting a point showing some actual conflicting ideas or data, and this is a bias meant to mislead people into thinking that global warming is not challenged by any in the scientific community.&lt;br /&gt;
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:Then go in the history and find the source, and put it back in. --&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#0000CC&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Comic Sans MS&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Hojimachong|'''Hojimachong''']]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;00FFAA&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Hojimachong|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 16:24, 21 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
*Exactly! And be sure to let either Hoji or me know if another revert war starts. ;-)  ---~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 18:07, 21 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Unlocking ==&lt;br /&gt;
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This article is far from complete. When will it be unlocked so we can add information about scientific data showing natural causes for warming, explanation of the solar flux theory, carbon dioxide tracking temps, cosmoclimatology, paleoclimatology, etc. As it stands it makes it look like all we care about is the political side of things. This can't be true, can it? &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;This unsigned comment was made by&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; [[User:Third Day]]&lt;br /&gt;
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*You are right. I suppose for now, if you would like to post the additions here, they can be pasted over. Or you can contact me, and I could open it up for you to edit. --~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 19:57, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Obviously nothing was important enough to contact me about, or post here about.  Makes me wonder why, upon locking a page, people want it open, for what?  If they don't come back with a suggestion or contribution, what is the point? --~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 21:53, 29 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I've been on the road, hence I did not respond. Some of us have lives outside of this site. I will put together a summary of additions I feel worthy and post here in the talk section. I do wonder if the whole Wiki concept is undermined if the additions need to be vetted by a select few. It may take years for the articles to settle into a reflection of community knowledge, but thats the point, right? Nobody goes to a wiki, any kind of wiki, for the absolute truth on anything.  No wiki is a valid source in a peer reviewed paper or even a college paper. It is a way to get a sense of the state of knowledge in a community of users. Wikipedia suffers from the fact that the community of users is so broad as to produce everchanging articles. There are Wikis that restrict the user base to members of certain communities - like a company or agency or users of a particular software. But if Conservapedia wants to surviv and not be mocked it needs to open itself up to slings and arrows. If indeed, we conservatives really believe that our point of view will dominate, then we need not be afraid to open up to liberal edits - cause enough of us will respond in force, and in time will overwhelm. If we just lock down the articles will never evolve (pardon the word) into a compleat, trustworthy wikipedia.  OK, I'm done ranting. Off my soap box now :). - Third Day&lt;br /&gt;
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==Are there any Wikipedia editors here?==&lt;br /&gt;
An article on Scientific data withholding [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_data_withholding] has been nominated for deletion. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Scientific_data_withholding#.5B.5BScientific_data_withholding.5D.5D]  If you are a Wikipedia editor, please read the article and vote. [[User:RonCram|RonCram]] 00:05, 3 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Wrong question to ask here. --~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 00:42, 3 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Yes, it's a violation of Wikipedia policy to canvas for votes. You're doing the right thing in the wrong way. Next step is RFC and/or an email to Jimbo. You don't win this kind of battle by stooping to their level. Stay here and work on the climate articles, instead. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 23:17, 3 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Okay, I just learned about &amp;quot;canvassing.&amp;quot;  I know Connelly is doing it because people are showing up to vote who have not read the article or the Talk page. Teach me the right way to handle this, Ed. [[User:RonCram|RonCram]] 23:55, 3 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:This is off-topic, but since I brought it up I better finish it.&lt;br /&gt;
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:This is the type of battle that it's okay to lose. When people see that the process was followed on one side, but ignored or misused on the other side, then sympathy is genereated for the correct side. Think Rosa Parks. Think [[sit-ins at lunch counters]]. And also think about contributing more here. ;-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 00:02, 4 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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=== Using &amp;quot;Global Climate Change&amp;quot; is not kosher ===&lt;br /&gt;
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This is a way for carbon alarmists to hedge their bets, and answer critics if there's a series of cold winters.  In the 1970s they were ringing the Ice Age bell, now they've settled on warming so they can dial back the economies of the West (while ignoring China).  [[User:Teresita|Teresita]] 09:32, 10 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:The [[global warming controversy]] has replaced the [[Vietnam War]] and [[nuclear power]] as the big-ticket leftist issue. And now that Communism has faded from Europe and is morphing in [[China]], what are all the socialists going to get into but the [[Environment]]? It's the perfect materialistic cause, and there's plenty of money to go around. The US government alone spends over a billion dollars a year on &amp;quot;research&amp;quot; and the United Nations issues assessments every few years (see [[IPCC]]). We all know how objective and fair minded the UN [[General Assembly]] has been on non-environmental issues such as [[human rights]]. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 09:42, 10 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::note that nuclear power is actully the best canidate for clean, alternative energy; yet, most enviornmentalist organizations such as Greenpeace are vehemently opposed to it.[[User:Jaques|Jaques]] 19:31, 18 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::This article is a completely unsourced diatribe. [[User:Auld Nick|Auld Nick]] 12:16, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== pictures ==&lt;br /&gt;
We need some pictures--[[User:Kádár Tamás|Kádár Tamás]] 04:32, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
Admin: Can we use wikipedia.org pictures? --[[User:Kádár Tamás|Kádár Tamás]] 04:33, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:yes if it's public domain.[[User:Jaques|Jaques]] 04:36, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Ideological inconsistencies ==&lt;br /&gt;
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I don't think I would be too wrong in saying that conservative young-earth creationism and skepticism over human-induced climate change usually go together, not all the time of course, but on this site they seem to. Whats strange however, is that geological evidence is cited uncritically in this article in order to discredit human-induced climate change:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;Global warming is a natural periodic increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere, and it has always been followed by period of global cooling ... According to geologists, the Earth has experience numerous ice ages.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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Even though this is incompatible with young earth creationism. To quote from Conservapedia's own [[Ice Age]] entry: &lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;quot;Mainstream geologists and Young Earth creationists are at odds over whether any ice ages have actually occurred.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
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A clear demonstration, in my opinion, of the type of muddled thinking that conservative fundamentalist ideology generates. (These inconsistent portions of the articles were even added by the same author: [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Global_warming&amp;amp;diff=prev&amp;amp;oldid=124708 Global warming edit history] and [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Ice_Age&amp;amp;diff=prev&amp;amp;oldid=113042 Ice Age edit history].)&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 14:59, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:No, it's more a typical demonstration of jumping to conclunions on  the part of liberals. I'm the author of the current [[global warming]] article, and I'm not a YEC. :P --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 16:13, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::I would also point out that I am the main author of the [[Theory of evolution]] article which is definitely critical the macroevolutionary position, and I am undecided regarding the global warming issue in regards to its possible causes and its possible effects. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 18:44, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::You still add criticism of mainstream geology when it suits you, and uncritically marshal it in your support when it doesn't. [[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 16:35, 24 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Orgone has a very good point.  A YEC should have no issue with global warming since the earth has not been around long enough to go through these climate changes that geologists say we have gone through.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 08:32, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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'''See also:''' [[Nineteen_Eighty-Four | Doublethink]]&lt;br /&gt;
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==Liberal bias==&lt;br /&gt;
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I would like to ask anyone who disagrees with top U.S. climate experts - Harvard and MIT scientists and U.S. state climatologists - to go slowly and carefully when editing this article.&lt;br /&gt;
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My dad majored in physics, and I got top grades in math and physics. There is a lot of liberal misinformation about [[Anthropogenic global warming]] tied to the UN-promoted [[Kyoto Protocol]], the global warming treaty which seeks a &amp;quot;[[carbon tax]]&amp;quot; and other forms of [[emissions trading]]. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 07:12, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Well ''my'' dad is bigger than ''your'' dad so ''there''! (Childish of me i know, but i couldn't resist it!) :-p [[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 07:18, 26 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Java, I agree with some of your edits, but I think that the first paragraph should stick to undisputed facts. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 15:58, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I aded references. [[User:Java|Java]] 17:12, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Not all references tell the truth. --[[User:CPAdmin1|CPAdmin1]] 17:22, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Is this a joke? I referenced from Nature, PNAS, Science and GISS. Why should the current references tell the truth? [[User:Java|Java]] 17:24, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::for 1 thing anything talking about &amp;quot;the last 420,000 years&amp;quot; is wrong. --[[User:CPAdmin1|CPAdmin1]] 17:26, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::::I am a little vexed. Do you want to put me on? [[User:Java|Java]] 17:28, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Java, YEC's, since they don't believe the Earth is older than 6,000 years or so, won't accept those figures. RSchlafly, I have once again protected this article, so stop this kind of constant arguing. Please keep an eye peeled for our more Liberal Sysop's opening it up.  Thanks! --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 17:32, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::As I pointed out above in '''Ideological Inconsistencies''', if this site is to view everything through the distorting mirror that is YEC, why do the references to [[Ice Age]]s stay in the introductory section? [[User:Orgone|Orgone]] 07:40, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Um, please freeze on a version with facts ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Not to rock the boat or anything, but the current un-editable version of the Global Warming page has essentially no scientific merit. Could someone please revert to a version with some actual discussion of global warming. I'm happy to write it. It involves sunshine, blackbody radiation, the infrared absorption properties of carbon dioxide, and an explanation of climate feedbacks. -Ifixthings &lt;br /&gt;
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: I agree. Describe global warming accurately first. Get into the politics later. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 20:01, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Cool, Roger. Open it, edit it, do whatever.  --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 00:15, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: Okay, I unlocked it. Please keep science and politics separate. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 01:00, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
I love the nice accurate new version. I give it five minutes before it's reverted.--[[User:Britinme|Britinme]] 17:22, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
**Yeah, it didn't last long, which is stupid because it was much more correct.[[User:Ifixthings|Ifixthings]] 17:43, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Oh Ed Poor... You make me an sad panda, those corrections you made are quite horrible. The version by Ifixthings was a good one, and the missing citations could be corrected quite fast, already found several good and reliable sources. Wikintrepeter at least fixed the most outrageous claims. But still some are left like: &amp;quot;However, the UN offers no proof of a scientific consensus on the subject&amp;quot; Still at least 30 scientific societies and academies of science, including all of the national academies of science of the major industrialized countries support the claim and only one to my knowledge opposes it, that being American Association of Petroleum Geologists. And to be honest, them opposing it isn't really surprising. Im seriously baffled how one can deny the scientific consensus here, and seeing what i claim to be intellectual dishonesty makes me really sad, as this is something which will directly affect our lives and if not ours then at least our children's. [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 17:59, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Both of the APA's voted that homosexuality is not a mental illness. Does that make it true? Are you quite sure their votes were not politically motivated?&lt;br /&gt;
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:It doesn't matter how many '''groups''' take a stand on a matter of science. It only matters what the science actually is. But if you care about polls, what percent of climate scientists support or oppose the [[Anthropogenic global warming]] theory? If you know, do speak up. :-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:04, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:: Ed, at minimum it matters what groups take a position since you claimed that &amp;quot;the UN offers no proof of a scientific consensus on the subject&amp;quot;. Even if that weren't the issue at hand, the number of people who are experts on an issue and have come to a conclusion a certain way about the issue does matter. While it doesn't alter who is correct in an absolute sense it does alter the estimated probability of an opinion being correct for someone who is trying to get some idea what to do and who does not have the time or resources to go through all the data that the experts do. That logic applies to any application of a scientific endeavor. For example there are still some geocentrists, the government when formulating policy does not need to worry about them. This is true for a politician whether or not that politician has bothered to understand what is wrong with geocentrism. Note that I'm not saying that global warming is equivalent to geocentrism but making the point that when evaluating claims on limited data or resources, the opinion of the vast majority matters. [[User:JoshuaZ|JoshuaZ]] 18:10, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::JoshuaZ allready gave so good answer that i have little to add to it. Im not sure if there has been done any exact polls on how many percentage of the experts on this area support or opposes anthropogenic global warming, but ill try to find one. Alltho i think that allready the number of supporting scientific societies and academies of science and the lack of opposing ones gives an quite good picture of the situation. [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 18:42, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::A trustworthy article should give scientific facts, don't you agree? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:43, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::I really dont see where you are aiming at with this, as the link i just gave on the conversation bit below, shows that allready at year 2000 there where no studyes to be found that opposed the concencus, but offcourse there will allways be some &amp;quot;scientists&amp;quot; who disagree. if you are aiming for universal acceptance of an theory before it can be called an scientific fact, i must say we really dont have any. [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 19:08, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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''The Earth has experienced numerous ice ages over the past two million years,'' YECs why don`t you delete this phrase and block the article? --[[User:Java|Java]] 18:12, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Joshua, the top experts say it's natural, and surveys of climatologists agree. What exactly is your point? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:15, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::: That's simply false. The UN report which you dislike was written by the top experts, who signed off on it. Again, the vast majority of the relevant scientific organizations have agreed. [[User:JoshuaZ|JoshuaZ]] 18:19, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::::I've asked you twice for proof of this. I ask you here one last time. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:33, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::: Sigh. Did you read what I wrote on your talk page or not? Almost every single author of the reports(and I listed a few as examples) is a respected scientist and there are about 40 authors to each report. [[User:JoshuaZ|JoshuaZ]] 18:51, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::::Found atleast [http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/306/5702/1686 this] as an partial answer to the question here and above, alltho the report is already quite old and rapid progress has been made during few years, even at year 2000 this study didn't found '''any''' studies that disagreed with the consensus. That should already tell something. [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 19:00, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::: Hmm, interesting quote from that &amp;quot;This analysis shows that scientists publishing in the peer-reviewed literature agree with IPCC, the National Academy of Sciences, and the public statements of their professional societies. Politicians, economists, journalists, and others may have the impression of confusion, disagreement, or discord among climate scientists, but that impression is incorrect.&amp;quot; [[User:JoshuaZ|JoshuaZ]] 19:12, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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A literature search by a [[Kyoto Protocol]] supporter is not the same as a study or a survey. It means nothing. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 19:14, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Celsius ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How come the article states the degrees for temperature in Celsius? Shouldn't we be using Fahrenheit which what Americans use? If we are supposed to use American spellings for words shouldn't we also use the American system for measurements? --[[User:AdrianP|AdrianP]] 17:28, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I would prefer to use Fahrenheit. The near-surface temperature has increased one degree Fahrenheit since the lowest point of the [[Little Ice Age]] in 1850. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 17:45, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::I would prefer Kelvin. --[[User:Java|Java]] 18:12, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Maybe because Celsius degrees are bigger, so the changes seem smaller? Anyway, I agree that deg. F should be used, as they what are used by people in the US (except scientists...). [[User:Human|Human]] 18:46, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Oh man, I am so embarrassed, I just saw what my edit summary &amp;quot;looks like&amp;quot;.  I can't go back and remove it now, either.  Sorry about that. [[User:Human|Human]] 18:48, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::: Suggestion, since this is a science topic, failure to use Celsius or Kelvin is an issue. On the other hand, many Americans (who I presume are the primary readers) have so little understanding that they won't be helped much by degrees in Celsius. Why not give both? [[User:JoshuaZ|JoshuaZ]] 18:50, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::That's flippin' brilliant!  Would you mind doing it?  My 9/5erizer is broken today and the parts won't be in 'til Tuesday. [[User:Human|Human]] 19:23, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::: I'll do it later. I need ot get dinner now. [[User:JoshuaZ|JoshuaZ]] 19:31, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Political bias==&lt;br /&gt;
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The essay by the science history teacher who supports the Kyoto Protocol contains no information about the percentage of climatologists who support or reject AGW. And ''Science'' might be a popular journal, but it's notorious for rejecting valid science on specious grounds that it's &amp;quot;not of interest to their readers&amp;quot;. I guess this means their readers only want to hear things which fit their preconceived notions. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:20, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: Um, what? Science isn't a &amp;quot;popular journal&amp;quot; but is one of the two most highly thought of journal (the other being Nature). They reject the vast majority of material they get and only accept the highest quality material that is relevant to a broad range of audience. The only people to whom Science is notorious are the people who can't accept science. And while were at it, whether or not a percentage study exists isn't that relevant when the consensus measured in other fashions (such as the fraction of major scientific organizations which agree with it) is clear. [[User:JoshuaZ|JoshuaZ]] 18:23, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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No? ''This analysis shows that scientists publishing in the peer-reviewed literature agree with IPCC, the National Academy of Sciences, and the public statements of their professional societies. Politicians, economists, journalists, and others may have the impression of confusion, disagreement, or discord among climate scientists, but that impression is incorrect.'' --[[User:Java|Java]] 18:24, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Where does it show this? Please quote one peer-reviewed article in which the author says &amp;quot;I agree with the IPCC about (anything).&amp;quot; --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:34, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
I posted a reference to one (Jones, P. D., M. New, D. E. Parker, S. Martin, and I. G. Rigor (1999), Surface air temperature and its changes over the past 150 years, Rev. Geophys., 37(2), 173–200.), but you deleted it. Why did you do that? I'm trying to make this page accurate with the science, and people keep putting politics into it. This is a science topic.&lt;br /&gt;
:And a recent examples: &lt;br /&gt;
Good SA, Corlett GK, Remedios JJ, Noyes EJ, Llewellyn-Jones DT (2007) The Global Trend in Sea Surface Temperature from 20 Years of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer Data. Journal of Climate: Vol. 20, No. 7 pp. 1255–1264 [[User:Ifixthings|Ifixthings]] 18:53, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hegerl GC, Crowley TJ, Allen M, Hyde WT, Pollack HN, et al. (2007) Detection of Human Influence on a New, Validated 1500-Year Temperature Reconstruction. Journal of Climate: Vol. 20, No. 4 pp. 650–666&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Independent scientists such as ...  [[Fred Singer]] ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fred Singer and organizations for which he has worked for appear to have received grants and funding from the oil companies.[http://www.exxonsecrets.org/html/personfactsheet.php?id=1] Is there evidence to the contrary of this?  Is it appropriate to categorize Fred Singer as an independent scientist with these associations?  --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 18:36, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:That's what the courts say, and Liberals usually abide by court decisions. The last guy who tried to slander Singer lost his shirt. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:49, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:: My question is not one of slander but rather if the word 'independent' is being used to describe one scientist in an effort to lend support to his views, and not to others who are equally independent who hold contrasting views.  In that case, the word is being used in an inconsistent and biased way.  Why is one scientist independent when another is not? --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 19:11, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Oh, well by &amp;quot;independent&amp;quot; I just meant &amp;quot;speaking for himself&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;not constrained by his employer to toe the organizational line&amp;quot;. Like Lindzen at MIT, having tenure, can say what he wants. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 19:13, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:: Like [[James Hansen]] - the NASA scientist who was told not to talk about global warming?[http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/03/17/60minutes/main1415985.shtml][http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6341451/][http://www.abcnews.go.com/WNT/story?id=1555183]&lt;br /&gt;
:::Then how come he can  talk about how he was told not to talk about global warming?[[User:Jaques|Jaques]] 20:22, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::False citation: #11 doesn't say he was told not to talk about global warming, it just says that official press releases would be scrutinized. #12 doesn't mention his ability to talk at all; in it Hansen accuses Bush of stifling evidence (but without giving any examples of this supposed stifling). #13 says &amp;quot;Hansen says threats from NASA officials came only by phone, with nothing in writing&amp;quot; but doesn't give the wording of this supposed &amp;quot;threat&amp;quot; or even a summary of it. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::This is typical of liberals: they make claims which have no evidence. The entire case on global warming consists of claims that &amp;quot;the world's top scientists agree&amp;quot; but they give no polls to support this &amp;quot;consensus&amp;quot; claim. They say that &amp;quot;models predict&amp;quot; but when the models are contradicted by observations they say that &amp;quot;models aren't predictions&amp;quot;. They say it's carbon dioxide, but CO2 levels have been much higher in the past when there was cooling, and anyway the climate record of the last 400 million years show an 800 year lag between temperature change and CO2 change - CO2 '''follows''' temperature, rather than driving it. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::They are politicizing science while running a well orchestrated PR campaign of calling the kettle black. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 20:41, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
--[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 20:29, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Climatology is not a well established science and some staunch conservatives are environmentalists so...... ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Climatology is not a well established science that can even predict what the weather is going to be like in two years or even 3 weeks from now.   With that in mind, could we please hear both sides of the argument and leave it at that.  I realize that environmentalists have made bad predictions in the past. [http://www.overpopulation.com/faq/basic_information/what_happened_predictions.html][http://www.sepp.org/key%20issues/misuse/failpred.html]  On the other hand, corporate America has certainly had their shares of environmental abuses (Love Canal, etc).  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Lastly, I would point out that many conservative evangelical Christians are environmentalists. [http://www.ajustsociety.org/press/article_ideasinaction.asp?pr=2178]  Dr. Francis Schaeffer for example, cited the importance of taking care of the environment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Therefore, considering that climatology is not a well established science and considering the fact that staunch conservatives are sometimes environmentalists, could we just give both sides and be done with it? [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 18:41, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Gen. 1:28 pretty much says it all, as far as the environment goes.&lt;br /&gt;
:*And God blessed them, and God said unto them, Be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth, and subdue it: and have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the earth.&lt;br /&gt;
:Sounds like it's ours to use or lose, so I reckon we best take good care of it. Getting all the scientific facts ought to help us do that. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:54, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== removed uncited statement. can anyone give a citation? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I removed this uncited statement:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;However, the UN offers no proof of a scientific consensus on the subject, and all polls of scientists show anywhere from 25% to 75% disagreement with the UN position.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Can anyone give a citation? [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 19:25, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I can't prove that the UN offers no proof; I just never saw any proof from them. So the &amp;quot;no proof&amp;quot; claim should be taken out.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:But I put in a survey which said climatologists are evenly split. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 19:35, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: If I read my current events right, some of the disagreement with the UN position was that it was not strongly worded enough. --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 19:48, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Strong criticism against one of the sources ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the citations: [http://www.heartland.org/Article.cfm?artId=17181] claims that there is an study that shows scientist to be evenly split on the issue of climate warming. This &amp;quot;study&amp;quot; has been very strongly criticized and it's submission to Science on December 22, 2004 was rejected. Reasons being that it was done on internet, anonymously with no way of knowing who had answered to it. It was password protected in an attempt to limit the people answering but the password was posted to an climate skeptics mailing list [http://timlambert.org/2005/05/bray/]. Ill remove this entry from our pages from two reasons. 1. the citation is very unreliable 2. the text on CP is straight copy from the article it citates. [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 20:50, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Seams i should have made the headline to say: against two of the sources. The article now claims: One scientist, Michael Mann, was investigated by the U.S. Senate for a scientific fraud uncovered by two persistent statistics experts (see Hockey stick graph). This really makes me wonder if the author has even read his own sources, Mr Mann was never investigated by the Senate or even accused of anything, thats an outright lie and the source never even claims this, so thats all made up by the author here. He was there just to testify on the matter of climate change. Mr. Soon and Ms. Baliunas challenged Mr. Mann's claims but for some reason there is no answer from Mr.Mann in the article. His response can be found here: [http://www.princeton.edu/~step/people/FORUM.pdf] Where he refutes the accusations made against the study. Im going to remove the clear lies from the article and add Mr. Manns response to the criticism. [[User:Timppeli|Timppeli]] 21:45, 30 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Image ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I took out the graph; we can do better. It is not labelled on either axis, and does not tell us what it is measuring. --&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#0000CC&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Comic Sans MS&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Hojimachong|'''Hojimachong''']]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;00FFAA&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Hojimachong|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 20:05, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Effects of global warming==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Cut from end of article:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Part of the political motivation for acting on Global Warming may be the fact that there is wide agreement among the American public that Global Warming is a reality. A poll conducted March 11-14 of 2007 found that the majority of the American public (59%) believes we are already seeing the effects of Global Warming, an additional 3% and 8% respectively believe they will see the effects with in a few years or within their lifetime, and 19% believe that Global Warming will be seen, not in their lifetime, but in future generations—only a small minority 8% believe that Global Warming will never happen. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Poling report on Gallup poll for March 11-14, 2007[http://www.pollingreport.com/enviro.htm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This paragraph does not distinguish between &amp;quot;global warming&amp;quot;, i.e., a rise in temperature and &amp;quot;the Global Warming theory&amp;quot;, i.e., the idea that catastrophic warming will take place.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Also undefined is &amp;quot;the effects of Global Warming&amp;quot;. What are those supposed to be? Rising sea levels? (These are unrelated to the recent rise, as even the UN assessment admits.) More frequent and severe hurricanes? (Not observed so far.) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 18:13, 8 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:The poll itself didn’t appear to make that distinction.  Politicians, like it or not, act on the basis of the poll numbers (even when polls don’t make distinctions).  Find better numbers if you can, I couldn’t, but the fact remains that (however those taking the poll understood “effects”) the American public belies the “effects” will be seen, this large public interest in Global Warming is part of why politicians are talking about it (If the public thought it wasn’t going to happen most politicians wouldn’t care about it).  This is why the poll was placed in the politics section rather than in some other, more scientific section.--[[User:Reginod|Reginod]] 18:18, 8 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::Since, I think the paragraph has been well explained and I’m seeing no response to my explanation; I take it there is a consensus that this belongs where it was.  I’ll return it if I see no objection in the next day(ish). --[[User:Reginod|Reginod]] 15:38, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Seeing no objections I’m restoring the paragraph to the article.--[[User:Reginod|Reginod]] 15:41, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Vandalism Edit==&lt;br /&gt;
I am sorry Learn together, I did not mean to take out your edit.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 17:50, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:That's ok, no problem.  I was just surprised when I looked and right after my edit it said 'removed vandalism'. ;-)  I didn't catch it myself until I saw your change. [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 17:56, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Ice ages and hypocrisy ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The Earth has experienced numerous ice ages over the past two million years&amp;quot; - not according to this wiki's article on [[Ice Age]].  You can't have it both ways, did they occur, and is the earth at least 2,000,000 years old, or did they not and is it not? [[User:Human|Human]] 21:44, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
........--[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 07:51, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::[[Young Earth Creationism|Creationary scientists]] believe that there was a single Ice Age that lasted around 700 years following [[Great Flood|Noah's Flood]].  (REF: Batten, Don, et. al., 2007, [http://www.creationontheweb.com/images/pdfs/cabook/chapter16.pdf ''What about the Ice Age?''], ''The Creation Answers Book'', Chapter 16).  I guess I was hoping for a clearer answer than &amp;quot;........&amp;quot;, which I don't understand.  [[User:Human|Human]] 16:46, 12 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Cite Leading Group of Climate Change Skeptics? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As the IPCC is included in the introduction to this entry, it's appropriate that the leading group of climate change skeptics be cited, instead of individual scientists. Does anybody know what the appropriate body to cite is? I'm aware of &amp;quot;The Friends of Science&amp;quot;, but I believe they're exclusively Canadian. [[User:Dbarefoot|Dbarefoot]] 08:29, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Qualifers on IPCC in Introduction ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I posit that if we're going to lay out the groups on both side of the global warming debate, they ought to be qualified equally, or not at all. I don't think these qualifiers are appropriate in introductions--they belong in the particular entries about the individuals or groups.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As I've queried above, I think it makes sense to describe the leading group of climate change skeptics or doubters, as they seem a natural counterpoint to the IPCC. Citing individual scientists seems too anecdotal for an encyclopedia, which ought to seek to be conclusive.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== &amp;quot; removing liberalness&amp;quot; ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is now given as a reason to alter an article?  Ironically, the rather few &amp;quot;non-liberal&amp;quot; qualifiers I have ever typed were all reverted.  Maybe because a liberal is not allowed to say these things?  Or perhaps, just because since I can't understand them, I can't push the POV appropriately? [[User:Human|Human]] 23:05, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::Look at the statement i removed.  i removed it because it was unsourced. perhaps i should have said &amp;quot;removing unsourced statement&amp;quot;[[User:Bohdan|Bohdan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== How about these changes? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Several prominent scientists have pointed out the politicized science of the UN's assessment methods. The scientific reports are submitted to a panel of representatives appointed by each country in the IPCC. Several scientists have complained about their work being misrepresented by the U.N.[Citation Needed] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I was going to use  -&amp;gt; http://heartland.org/Article.cfm?artId=16806 &amp;lt;- this as a citation before the page got locked :)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
....and also I must take issue with this statement. &amp;quot;The scenario most postulated is dust storms.[4]&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Dust storms are not the &amp;quot;most&amp;quot; postulated -- The sun's solar cycles are just as much of a plausable theory....&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/02/070228-mars-warming.html&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I have no problem with that change, and I'm the one who entered the original information. [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 12:42, 12 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Neptune ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I just read today that global warming has been found to be occurring on Neptune.  It matches the same pattern for the time period found upon Mars and earth.  It may be safe to assume that is not due to human intervention. ;-) [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 21:20, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: Where did you see this? I'd be very interested in reading about this in more detail. [[User:JoshuaZ|JoshuaZ]] 21:50, 13 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::The findings appeared in a recent issue of Geophysical Research Letters. The authors of the article, H.B. Hammel and G.W. Lockwood from the Space Science Institute in Colorado and the Lowell Observatory in Arizona, note that measurements of visible light from Neptune have been taken at the Observatory since 1950.  I hope this is enough information to 'dig' it up. ;-) [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 04:05, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*Learn, you posted on my talk page, and I replied.  Let me know. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 07:42, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Secular scientists 'believe'==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is surely an error. This should read 'secular scientists have experimental evidence that indicates'. Nobody gets peer-reviewed work published on the basis of 'belief'.--[[User:Britinme|Britinme]] 12:25, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Is it an error?  No.  It is correct as it is.  &amp;quot;Belief&amp;quot; means to give assent to an idea.  It does not mean, despite the way some atheistic types think of it, as accepting an idea without evidence or good reason.&lt;br /&gt;
:Is it the best way to word it?  Maybe not, but I'm not happy with your suggestion either.  If I remember, I'll have more of a think about it.&lt;br /&gt;
:[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 22:55, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::How about &amp;quot;Secular scientists think&amp;quot;? [[User:Human|Human]] 00:03, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::To my mind, &amp;quot;believe&amp;quot; is the better word.  &amp;quot;Think&amp;quot; to me indicates some doubt, whereas &amp;quot;believe&amp;quot; can be a very strong conviction.  But not everybody sees it that way, so I'll agree to changing it to &amp;quot;think&amp;quot;, and in fact I've just done that.  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 08:44, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*This article has taken on drastic changes, it is a diluted, semi-neutral piece.  It needs to be overhauled without the Liberal bias, and the removed material from warming skeptics added back. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 08:47, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
What is wrong with semi-neutral???  Is it only good if it carries a right wing arch-conservative bent?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 09:18, 15 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Operation_Iraqi_Freedom&amp;diff=161495</id>
		<title>Operation Iraqi Freedom</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Operation_Iraqi_Freedom&amp;diff=161495"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T02:24:53Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Casualties */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Operation Iraqi Freedom''' is largest of several active fronts in the ongoing [[War on Terrorism]]. Other fronts include [[Afghanistan]], [[Philippines]], and the [[Horn of Africa]]. Operation Iraqi Freedom began on 3 March 2003 with the removal of the [[Ba'athist]] regime of [[Saddam Hussein]] by a &amp;quot;coalition of the willing&amp;quot; led by the [[United States]] and allies including the [[United Kingdom]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://edition.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/11/20/prague.bush.nato/ Bush: Join 'coalition of willing'], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.  An interim government, Constitutional Assembly, and later an elected Parliament and Executive have assumed authority, however sectarian insurgent violence has hindered stability and reconstruction efforts by US contractors and the new government.  Iraq's new Constitution strictly limits the emergency powers of the Executive in dealing with civil strife--a post Saddam democratic reform.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Background to regime change==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the post-9/11 analysis to determine discontent in the Islamic world that had produced a flurry of dedicated suicide [[Jihad|jihadists]], the twelve year old UN imposed sanctions imposed upon Iraq and the resultant humanitarian crisis was one such often cited reason. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Chris Suellentrop, [http://slate.msn.com/id/1008414/ Are 1 Million Children Dying in Iraq?], Slate, Oct. 9, 2001.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Norman Bauman, [http://www.nasw.org/users/nbauman/wtc.htm Why they hate us: &amp;quot;Stopping cancer treatments will not topple a dictatorship&amp;quot;], 14 October 2001.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Michael Rubin, [http://meria.idc.ac.il/journal/2001/issue4/jv5n4a6.htm Sanctions on Iraq: A Valid Anti-American Grievance?], Middle East review of International Affairs, Volume 5, No. 4 - December 2001.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Matt Welch, [http://www.reason.com/news/show/28346.html The Politics of Dead Children: Have sanctions against Iraq murdered millions?], Reason Magazine, March 2002.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Alan W. Dowd, [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0IBR/is_3_33/ai_109580224 Thirteen Years of Causes and Consequences for the Was in Iraq], Parameters,  Autumn, 2003.[http://www.ciaonet.org/special_section/iraq_review/pi_epy/pi_epy_02.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  After the Gulf War of 1991 the United States kept troops permanently stationed in Saudi Arabia to defend against an Iraqi invasion of the Kingdom.  In the findings of the the 9/11 Commission Report for example, in a section entitled, ''The Foundation of the New Terrorism'', referring to Osama bin Laden's motivations for his Declaration of War and attack on the United States, the Commission found this,&lt;br /&gt;
:He inveighed against the presence of U.S. troops in Saudi Arabia, the home of Islam’s holiest sites. He spoke of the suffering of the Iraqi people as a result of sanctions imposed after the Gulf War &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;9/11 Commission Report[http://www.gpoaccess.gov/911/pdf/sec2.pdf ''The Foundation of the New Terrorism'']&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Saddam had taken advantage of corruption in both the [[United Nations]] Secretariat and [[Security Council]] to revive the Iraqi economy after the 1991 [[Gulf War]] through the [[Oil for Food]] program, nevertheless few of the intended beneficiaries of these alleged UN humanitarian efforts saw the intended relief.  Meanwhile, Saddam kept intact the &amp;quot;intellectual capital&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;know-how&amp;quot; to revive [[Weapons of Mass Destruction]] programs which were credited with insuring the survival of the Ba'athist regime in both the 1980-1988 War with Iran, and preventing a US overthrow of the regime in 1991. As the 90s progressed and the millennium changed, Saddam's top priority was ending the sanctions, and then a full resumption of operational WMD programs. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.cia.gov/cia/reports/iraq_wmd_2004/Comp_Report_Key_Findings.pdf Regime Strategic Intent], Duelfer Report, 2004.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Senator [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]], addressing a gathering of the radical anti-war group [[Code Pink]] spoke from her own knowledge and experience,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Cquote|There is a very easy way for to prevent anyone from being put into harms way and that is for Saddam Hussein to disarm. And I have absolutely no belief that he will. I have to say that this is something that I have followed for a decade. If he were serious about disarming, he would have been much more forthcoming. There may be progress, we may be destroying his missiles, there is no accounting for the chemical and biological stocks. I just have to respectfully disagree what the proximate cause of any action that might be taken is. …For now nearly 20 years the principal reason why women and children in Iraq have suffered is because of his leadership.  His not only tyrannical and dictatorial leadership, but his reign of terror against women and children.  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.archive.org/details/HillaryClintonsviewsongoingtowarSaddamandWMDs Hillary Clinton's views on going to war, Saddam, and WMD]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  }}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Arguments for regime change==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The concern which has led to this front on the War on Terror was summarized by Raymond S. Kraft in his &amp;quot;Historical Review of the Iraq Situation&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://righttruth.typepad.com/right_truth/2006/03/historical_revi.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He states, quote: &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;there is a very dangerous minority in Islam that either has, or wants and may soon have, the ability to deliver small nuclear, biological, or chemical weapons almost anywhere in the world, unless they are prevented from doing so&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. France, Germany, and Russia, have been selling them weapons technology as recently as 2002, as have North Korea, Syria, and Pakistan. These weapons were paid for with billions of dollars that Saddam Hussein skimmed from the &amp;quot;Oil For Food&amp;quot; program administered by the UN with the complicity of Kofi Annan and his son. &lt;br /&gt;
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The militant Muslim Jihadis believe that a radically conservative form of Wahhabi Islam, should own and control the Middle East first, then Europe, then the world; and that all who do not bow to Allah should be killed, enslaved, or subjugated. They want to finish the Holocaust, destroy Israel and purge the world of Jews. This is what they say.&lt;br /&gt;
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There is also &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;a civil war raging in the Middle East&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; - for the most part not a hot war, but a war of ideas. Islam is having its Inquisition and its Reformation today, but it is not yet known which will win - the Inquisition, or the Reformation. If the Inquisition wins, then the Wahhabis, the Jihadis, will control the Middle East and the OPEC oil. The US, European, and Asian economies, the techno-industrial economies, will be at the mercy of OPEC - not an OPEC dominated by the well-educated and rational Saudis of today, but an OPEC dominated by the Jihadis.&lt;br /&gt;
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If the Reformation movement wins, that is, the moderate Muslims who believe that Islam can respect and tolerate other religions and live in peace with the rest of the world, and move out of the 10th century into the 21st, then the troubles in the Middle East will eventually fade away. A moderate and prosperous Middle East will emerge.&amp;quot; (end of quote) &lt;br /&gt;
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What the West decided to do was help the Reformation side win. To do that the West had to fight the Inquisition, i.e., the Wahhabi movement, Al Qaeda and other Islamic terrorist movements. The battle had to happen somewhere, and since the West could not fight everywhere at once, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;the West chose to create a focal point for the battle, in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Mr Kraft went on to summarize what the West did and is doing which is important in Iraq, quote:&lt;br /&gt;
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(1) &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We deposed Saddam Hussein&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Whether Saddam Hussein was directly involved in 9/11 or not, it is undisputed that Saddam has been actively supporting the terrorist movement for decades. Saddam is or was a terrorist, a weapon of mass destruction, who is responsible for the deaths of probably more than a million Iraqis and two million Iranians. &lt;br /&gt;
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(2) &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We created a battle, a confrontation, a flash point, with Islamic terrorism in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. This has focused the battle. The ones killed there won't have to be killed here, or somewhere else. We have a good shot at creating a democratic, peaceful Iraq, which will be a catalyst for democratic change in the rest of the Middle East, and an outpost for a stabilizing American military presence in the Middle East for as long as it is needed. &lt;br /&gt;
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The Europeans could have done this, but they didn't, and they won't. We now know that rather than opposing the rise of the Jihadist, the French, Germans, and Russians were selling them arms - &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;we have found more than a million tons of weapons and munitions in Iraq. If Iraq was not a threat to anyone, why did Saddam have a million tons of weapons?&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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The bottom line here is that we will have to deal with Islamic terrorism until we defeat it (or are defeated by it), whenever that is. It will not go away on its own. The history of the world is the clash between the forces of relative civility and civilization, and the barbarians clamoring at the gates. The Iraq war is merely another battle in this ancient and never-ending war. Now, for the first time ever, the barbarians are about to get nuclear weapons unless WE prevent them. &lt;br /&gt;
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The Iraq war is expensive, and uncertain, yes. But the consequences of not fighting and winning it will be horrifically greater. The history of the world is the history of civilization clashes - cultural clashes. All wars are about ideas. Ideas about what society and civilization should be like. The most determined always win. Those who are willing to be the most ruthless win. The pacifists always lose, because the anti-pacifists kill them. &lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Today, in Iraq, the stakes are high . . . a world dominated by representative governments with civil rights, human rights, and personal freedoms . . . or a world dominated by the radical Islamic Wahhabi movement, by the Jihadist under the Mullahs and the Sharia&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. The Liberal mentality is supposed to favor human rights, civil rights, democracy, multiculturalism, diversity, etc. But if the Jihad wins, wherever the Jihad wins, it is the end of civil rights, human rights, democracy, multiculturalism, diversity, etc. Americans who oppose the liberation of Iraq are coming down on the side of their own worst enemy. If the Jihad wins, it will be the death of Liberalism. (end of quote)&lt;br /&gt;
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Senator [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]] said in a floor speech on October 10, 2002,&lt;br /&gt;
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{{Cquote|In the four years since the inspectors left, intelligence reports show that Saddam Hussein has worked to rebuild his chemical and biological weapons stock, his missile delivery capability, and his nuclear program. He has also given aid, comfort, and sanctuary to terrorists, including Al Qaeda members. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://clinton.senate.gov/speeches/iraq_101002.html October 10, 2002 Floor Speech of Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton on S.J. Res. 45, A Resolution to Authorize the Use of United States Armed Forces Against Iraq],  United States Senate, October 10, 2002. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
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==Liberation from Ba'athist tyranny==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Qwwqqe.jpg|thumb|right|An Iraqi Army unit prepares to board a Task Force Baghdad UH-60 Blackhawk helicopter for a counterinsurgency mission in Baghdad.]]&lt;br /&gt;
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After the decapitation of the Ba'athist leadership from the military under its command in April 2003, President Bush said in his address:&lt;br /&gt;
*Major combat operations in Iraq have ended. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;In the battle of Iraq, the United States and our allies have prevailed.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; (Applause.) And now our coalition is engaged in securing and reconstructing that country. [http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/05/20030501-15.html]&lt;br /&gt;
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Other comments from President Bush's May 1, 2003 speech &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/05/20030501-15.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; show that the context of these victory comments include warnings to Americans of an ongoing struggle to establish Iraqi democracy and counter the threat of terrorism. Quotes, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We have difficult work to do in Iraq. We're bringing order to parts of that country that remain dangerous.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; We're pursuing and finding leaders of the old regime, who will be held to account for their crimes. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We're helping to rebuild Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, where the dictator built palaces for himself, instead of hospitals and schools. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;And we will stand with the new leaders of Iraq as they establish a government of, by, and for the Iraqi people. The transition from dictatorship to democracy will take time, but it is worth every effort. Our coalition will stay until our work is done.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Then we will leave, and we will leave behind a free Iraq. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Our mission continues&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Al Qaeda is wounded, not destroyed. The scattered cells of the terrorist network still operate in many nations, and we know from daily intelligence that they continue to plot against free people. The proliferation of deadly weapons remains a serious danger. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The enemies of freedom are not idle, and neither are we.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Our government has taken unprecedented measures to defend the homeland. And we will continue to hunt down the enemy before he can strike. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The war on terror is not over; yet it is not endless.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; We do not know the day of final victory, but we have seen the turning of the tide. No act of the terrorists will change our purpose, or weaken our resolve, or alter their fate. Their cause is lost. Free nations will press on to victory.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://newsbusters.org/node/12386 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Many Iraqis welcomed the American invasion and overthrow of Saddam Hussein, and in the preceding months, showed optimism about their country's future. An &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;'American Enterprise'-'Wall Street Journal'-'Zogby'&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; poll in September 2003 found that &amp;quot;Seven out of 10 say they expect their country and their personal lives will be better five years from now. On both fronts, 32% say things will become much better.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.html?id=110003991 What Iraqis Really Think], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Furthermore, in a March 2004 poll of Iraqis, the BBC found that Iraqis have great hope in a stable, unified government for their country, with 80% of respondents favoring a centralized state ruled from Baghdad. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3514504.stm Survey finds hope in occupied Iraq]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  Since 2004, the unceasing violence by the insurgents has caused some people (mainly in the West) to refer to the ongoing strife as a 'civil war'. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20070301faessay86201/james-d-fearon/iraq-s-civil-war.html Iraq's Civil War], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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2007 - Four years into the war, the biggest poll since coalition troops entered Iraq on March 20, 2003 shows that by a majority of two to one, Iraqis prefer the current leadership to Saddam Hussein’s regime, regardless of the security crisis and a lack of public services. It also found a striking resilience and optimism among the inhabitants. The survey, published March 19, 2007, also reveals that contrary to the views of many western analysts, most Iraqis do not believe they are embroiled in a civil war; indeed, only 27% believed they were caught up in a civil war and 64% of the Iraqis still want to see a united Iraq under a central national government. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/iraq/article1530526.ece Resilient Iraqis ask what civil war?], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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ABC News (and USA Today) conducted a poll &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://abcnews.go.com/images/US/1033aIraqpoll.pdf PDF Iraq Poll], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;and found that 56 percent of Iraqis don't believe there is a “civil war,” and a British poll determined 61 percent don't believe they're in a civil war. The &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Times of London&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;'s summary of the poll: “Iraqis: life is getting better.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/iraq/article1530762.ece Iraqis: life is getting better], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; A version of the combined articles as posted by &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The Australian&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;: “It's better than Saddam, say hopeful Iraqis.” &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,21404747-2703,00.html It's better than Saddam, say hopeful Iraqis], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Bagpipe.jpg|right|thumb|400px|Proposed Baghdad reconstruction Plan]]&lt;br /&gt;
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==Insurgency==&lt;br /&gt;
Since the removal of Saddam, the United States has been caught in the middle of sectarian violence between [[Sunni]] Muslims and [[Shia]] Muslims. The Shia majority, notably the [[Jaysh Al-Madhi]], have began to attack American and other coalition troops even while the coalition has been protecting the Shia from Sunni attacks. Other Shia groups that have not attacked coalition forces have pursued their own factional aims while relying on the US to ensure Shia majority rule. To many if not most Sunnis, the US is viewed as the enemy because it supports Shia majority rule. As the Sunni interpret Muslim law, only Muslims may rule a Muslim state, and the Shia are considered heretics and thus not fit to lead the nation. Though a minority, the Sunni have traditionally ruled Iraq and view themselves entitled to continue the privilege of doing so.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Testimony of Edward N. Luttwak, Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate , Hearings on [http://www.csis.org/media/csis/congress/ts070123luttwak.pdf Securing America's Interest in Iraq], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==The Surge==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--[[Image:Cuncil.jpg|right|thumb|Iraqi governing council as of July 15, 2003]]--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--Hid picture, try to find a new one; half of them are probably dead.--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Since the new US-Iraqi offensive was launched in February 2007, anti-government forces have been put on the defensive in their former insurgent strong­hold of Anbar, Britain’s top general in Iraq said (March 2007). &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.ft.com/cms/s/b3fd545e-d70f-11db-b9d7-000b5df10621.html Iraq insurgents ‘on the defensive’], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The insurgency “didn’t do too well in Anbar . . . Their claims have failed to come to fruition,” he said, referring to the declaration by Islamic radicals that they had established a “caliphate”, or successorship, encompassing much of western Iraq. Lt Gen Lamb said that US and Iraqi forces were recruiting hundreds of police for the first time in towns in the Anbar region and that the forces were working together in shared combat outposts. While conceding that car bomb attacks In Baghdad and a surge of violence in neighboring Diyala had to be addressed, he said that US and Iraqi planners were learning to reduce the threat, establishing an outer cordon around the city as well as barriers, or “point defense” protection around key targets inside. The US military has reported cases in which car bombs have been stopped at checkpoints. In some cases the bombs detonated killing Iraqi security forces, but the casualties would arguably have been much greater had the blasts hit crowded commercial districts. General Lamb, who commanded British ground forces in Iraq in 2003 and 2004 said that multinational forces now had the benefit of four years of experience in fighting the insurgents.&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The increasing pressure from US forces with this Surge strategy has caused Sadr and his commanders flee to Iran&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; as &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The Guardian&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; reported Feb 15, 07, &amp;quot;Senior commanders of the Mehdi army, the militia loyal to the radical Shia cleric Moqtada al-Sadr, have been spirited away to Iran to avoid being targeted in the new security push in Baghdad, a high-level Iraqi official told the &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Guardian&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;. &amp;quot;Over the last three weeks, they [Iran] have taken away from Baghdad the first and second-tier military leaders of the Mehdi army,&amp;quot; he said. The aim of the Iranians was to &amp;quot;prevent the dismantling of the infrastructure of the Shia militias&amp;quot; in the Iraqi capital -- one of the chief aims of the United States-backed security drive. The chief US military spokesperson in Baghdad said the anti-Western cleric had fled to Iran. US forces were tracking him &amp;quot;very closely&amp;quot;, he said.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.mg.co.za/articlepage.aspx?area=/breaking_news/breaking_news__international_news/&amp;amp;articleid=299085 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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The Surge is showing signs as a solid strategy which is being used to good effect as Al Jazeera reports that the Baathist terrorists have begun to criticize Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda in their article &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Sunni group condemns Iraq al-Qaeda&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/A6EC4EAB-854C-4D2F-A922-754648CDED8D.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; where it states: &amp;quot;An influential Iraqi Sunni armed group has called on al-Qaeda in Iraq to “review” its behaviour in the country. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The Islamic Army in Iraq, believed to be the largest group of former Baathists and army officers fighting Iraqi and US forces&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, called on Osama bin Laden, the al-Qaeda leader, to take more responsibility for al-Qaeda in Iraq. “Killing Sunnis has become a legitimate target for them, especially rich ones. Either they pay them what they want or they kill them,” a statement from the group said. “They would kill any critic or whoever tries to show them their mistakes.” Sunni Arab officials have also urged what they call “the real resistance” to disown al-Qaeda and engage in talks with the government to end violence which has driven the country closer to an all-out civil war.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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Now, the increasing pressure appears to have caused an actual break in relations between terrorist groups as this April 12, 07 article states, quote, &amp;quot;One of Iraq's main armed groups has confirmed a split with al-Qaeda, according to a spokesman for the dissenting organisation. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Ibrahim al-Shammari told Al Jazeera on Thursday that the Islamic Army in Iraq had decided to disunite from al-Qaeda in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; after its members were threatened. &amp;quot;.. after Abu Musab al-Zarqawi died, the gap between us [and al-Qaeda] widened, because [they] started to target our members. They killed about 30 of our people, and we definitely don't recognise their establishment of an Islamic state - we consider it invalid.&amp;quot; The Islamic Army in Iraq is one of several nationalist groups which opposes hitting Iraqi civilians, but it has carried out high-profile attacks against multinational forces. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Al-Shammari said they would be willing to deal with the Americans if certain conditions are met.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Al-Shammari said that his group didn't consider US forces to be the main danger in Iraq. &amp;quot;There are two occupations: Iranian and American, and the Iranian one is more dangerous than American because Iran considers Iraq as a part of their country.&amp;quot; The Islamic Army in Iraq's statement comes after Iraq's president said the presidential office was in contact with five insurgent groups. Jalal Talabani said on Wednesday that the contacts mark an attempt to bring the groups into the mainstream political process. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.iraqupdates.com/p_articles.php/article/16414 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Additional progress was detailed in &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Corps Commander Highlights Progress in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;, Apr 13, 2007, where Army Lt. Gen. Raymond T. Odierno, the commander of Multinational Corps in Iraq said there has been &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;progress in the security situation in Baghdad&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Three of the five promised U.S. brigades are in place in the city, an additional three Iraqi brigade headquarters and 11 additional battalions have moved into Baghdad in support of the operation. Twenty-six joint security stations in Baghdad are manned by Iraqi army, Iraqi police and coalition forces, as are more than 21 combat outposts. &amp;quot;This continuous presence is making the Iraqi people feel safer and has greatly increased the amount of information provided to the Iraqi army, police and coalition forces by the public,&amp;quot; Odierno said. Sectarian murders have dropped in Baghdad, and some displaced families are returning to the city. In addition, coalition and Iraqi forces have doubled the number of arms caches found since the beginning of the operation two months ago. Security forces allow citizens to return to a more normal existence. &amp;quot;Across Baghdad, markets are being hardened with checkpoints and barriers, and merchants have returned to sell their produce,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;And Iraqis are busy shopping in the markets of Rusafa and Dura, and there are more projects such as these ... that will occur in the near future.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
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Positive changes are not limited to Baghdad, he said, they are also happening in Anbar province, where coalition and Iraqi security forces are working with local tribal leaders. &amp;quot;The people of al Anbar are fighting back and winning,&amp;quot; Odierno said. &amp;quot;They've effectively turned back the tide of al Qaeda, but there will be counterattacks by al Qaeda.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The general said there were nine attacks last week in Ramadi, the capital of Anbar province. &amp;quot;During the same week a year ago, there were over 84 attacks,&amp;quot; he said.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Odierno said he also sees promise in the northern part of Iraq. Coalition forces there have set up 33 U.S. police transition teams to build law enforcement capability in that region. Oil is flowing out of the Bayji refinery thanks to Iraqi security force efforts to protect distribution tankers. Progress continues in the country's south, as well. &amp;quot;In the south, Operation Black Eagle in Diwaniyah, conducted by joint Iraqi and coalition forces, uncovered a headquarters of a rogue element of Jaysh al-Mahdi, with a major weapons cache including materials for IED-making,&amp;quot; he said. Even the demonstrations called by radical cleric Muqtada al Sadr on April 9 to protest the U.S. presence in Iraq are a good sign, Odierno said. &amp;quot;This demonstration took place without incident,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;It is worth mentioning three points related to this demonstration. First, the government of Iraq allowed the demonstration to take place, unthinkable under the former regime. Second, the demonstrators waved Iraqi flags rather than black flags or pictures of ayatollahs. And third, the demonstrators numbered no more than 15,000, rather than the one million its organizers called for.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.blackanthem.com/News/International_21/Corps_Commander_Highlights_Progress_in_Iraq5809.shtml &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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That being said, anti-democratic and sectarian violence in the war, as expected and predicted by the Bush Administration, is continuing: a recent Al-Qaida attack at the Parliamentary cafeteria killed one, and on April 18 2007, a series of car bombs killed 131 Baghdad residents. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;US CENTCOM Press Release, [http://www.centcom.mil/sites/uscentcom2/Lists/Current%20Press%20Releases/DispForm.aspx?ID=4767 131 Dead, More Than 160 Wounded by Multiple Car Bomb Attacks in Baghdad Multi-National Division], Release Number: 07-01-03P, 4/18/2007. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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In the ABC article, &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Al-Qaida claims Iraq parliament attack&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;, the U.S. military &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;revised the death toll sharply downward to one dead in the the parliament suicide bombing&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;. Iraqi officials said the bomber was believed to have been a bodyguard for a Sunni lawmaker who was not among the casualties. Parliament officials said the victim was Mohammed Awad, a moderate Sunni lawmaker. Iraqi lawmakers gathered Friday in a rare - and defiant - session of parliament on the Muslim day of prayer. A red and white bouquet sat in Awad's place in the parliament chamber. Lawmakers took the podium one after another to denounce the bombing. One MP had his arm in sling and a woman lawmaker wore a neck brace. &amp;quot;The more they (terrorists) act, the more solid we become. When they take from us one martyr, we will offer more martyrs,&amp;quot; Vice President Adil Abdul-Mahdi said. &amp;quot;The more they target our unity, the stronger our unity becomes.&amp;quot; Iraqi parliament speaker Mahmoud al-Mashhadani said Friday's session was &amp;quot;a clear message to all the terrorists and all those who dare try to stop this (political) process, that we will sacrifice in order for it to continue.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://abclocal.go.com/wtvd/story?section=nation_world&amp;amp;id=5205895 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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At a news conference with Defense Secretary Robert Gates (reported Fri Apr 20, 2007), Iraqi Defense Minister Abdul-Qader al-Obaidi said the Iraqis are making progress in countering the insurgency. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Our need for support is getting less and less each day,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; al-Obaidi said. Gates said the U.S. troop buildup will continue at least until late summer. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;We need some time for things to work,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; he said. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Three of the five extra brigades Bush ordered into Iraq to stem violence have arrived. Officials want the rest in place by June, for a total of 160,000.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Soon after that, they will assess how much longer the higher troop level — about 30,000 more than before the buildup — will be needed. Since the troop buildup or &amp;quot;Surge&amp;quot; has not even been completed, it is not surprising that the premature and rash comments by Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid saying the war was already lost and the troop buildup was not stemming violence in Iraq were rejected by Gates. &amp;quot;I respectfully disagree,&amp;quot; Gates said when asked by a reporter about Reid's Thursday remarks. He assured al-Maliki that the U.S. continues to be committed to the Iraqi government and the Baghdad security plan, Gates said.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20070420/ap_on_re_mi_ea/gates_iraq &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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April 20, 2007 - Iraqi President Nouri al Malaki affirmed the indigenous Iraqi Assyrian Christians' right to have a Province of their own, which could be provided for under the Iraqi Constitution. Malaki was addressing questions concerning the minorities, many of whom are in neighboring countries, including an estimated nearly 500,000 Assyrian Christians. Additionally, Malaki said, &amp;quot;I think it is important to let the world know that things in our country are improving dramatically. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Our unemployment rate has gone from nearly 70 percent to now under 30 percent. Our most recent growth rate was 3 percent and we have seen, in particular as a result of the recent Baghdad program, a dramatic drop in so-called sectarian violence.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; What is particularly encouraging to me is the changes we have seen in our security forces and the trust from our people once again. We are finally seeing individual citizens provide information to our forces, which has changed the situation dramatically in rooting out those who are determined to ruin our country.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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Malaki stressed three key goals. National Reconciliation, Economic Development and Expanded Security as the way forward. &amp;quot;In spite of much information to the contrary, we are seeing a return to the Iraq we all once knew when we considered ourselves all Iraqis and not belonging to a particular sect or group,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;Recently we have brought back large numbers of former members of the Ba'ath Party who were not involved in any problems in the past and this has significantly helped to bring our people together. Economic development is taking place at a good rate. Part of the reason we are here is to encourage even more investment into our country. The monthly income of our people has gone from about $20 a month to now over $200. The dramatic rise in electrical use is one good sign that the economy is taking off. The stores are full.&amp;quot; Describing the current military situation as &amp;quot;moving from sectarian to outside interference,&amp;quot; Malaki stressed that the so called Baghdad Plan was working. &amp;quot;We are seeing a dramatic drop in the sectarian conflicts and see our major challenge as that from the outside including Al Quaida and remainders of the Ba'athist groups,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;In the end we will be able to take care of ourselves. Meanwhile, we need the help of our friends to stand against those who want to harm us.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.assistnews.net/Stories/2007/s07040107.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Gen. David Petraeus, the top U.S. commander in Iraq, said in a recent interview, that the increase of nearly 30,000 U.S. troops in the country had achieved &amp;quot;modest progress&amp;quot; but had also had setbacks such as a rise in suicide bombings and other problems. Petraeus also stated that he was uncertain whether his counterinsurgency strategy would be ultimately succeed, but he stated &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We have certainly pulled [Baghdad] neighborhoods back from the brink.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; Assessing the first two months of the U.S. and Iraqi plan to pacify the capital, senior American commanders -- including Petraeus; Adm. William Fallon, head of U.S. forces in the Middle East; Lt. Gen. Raymond Odierno, commander of military operations in Iraq; and top regional commanders -- see mixed results. Critical now, they said in interviews last week, is for Iraqi leaders to forge the political compromises needed for long-term stability. The deployment of additional troops in Baghdad is only 60 percent complete, and a major concern shared by U.S. military leaders is whether al-Maliki's government is capable of solidifying gains in security as well as making the crucial political compromises needed to achieve peace. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.delawareonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070423/NEWS/70422011&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==Iraq Strategy in Relation to the Global War on Terrorism==&lt;br /&gt;
As reported in the State Department's annual Country Reports on Terrorism &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/crt/2006/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; released April 30, 2007, there are &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;steep declines in terrorist attacks and murders in many regions of the globe&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Though terrorism has increased markedly in Iraq, aside from the Middle East (which does not include Afghanistan according to State), the number of terrorist attacks worldwide is down from a year ago by over 300 incidents. In other words, the Bush administration's idea that making Iraq the &amp;quot;central front in the war on terror&amp;quot; seems to be working. According to the State report, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;terrorism in South Asia is down by 10 percent from a year ago. In Europe, it's down 18 percent. In Central and South America, terrorism-related deaths are down 54 percent.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://newsbusters.org/node/12431 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==Opinion polls==&lt;br /&gt;
Iraqi opposition to the American presence, both politically and militarily, has gradually increased since 2003. A secret British Ministry of Defence poll conducted in late 2005 found that 82 percent of Iraqis were &amp;quot;strongly opposed&amp;quot; to the presence of Coalition soldiers in Iraq.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2005/10/23/wirq23.xml  Secret MoD poll: Iraqis support attacks on British troops], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The same poll found support for Iraqi rebels at 45%, rising to 65% in Maysan province, although a poll by the IRI in March 2006 found 78% of respondents answered that &amp;quot;violence is never acceptable&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.iri.org/mena/iraq/pdfs/2006-04-27-Iraq%20poll%20March%20March.ppt Downloadable PowerPoint], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
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Many discount these &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;secret&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; polls because they are biased in how the questions are asked (&amp;quot;Have you stopped beating your wife, yet?&amp;quot;) and normally have been taken in the areas which have large numbers of insurgent sympathizers in the population, such as Saddam's hometown of Tikrit. The polling numbers are not included or references as to how this &amp;quot;secret&amp;quot; poll was conducted in the above reference. The lack of open disclosure and the fact that it was used to discount the intelligence to that point which was quoted in the same article as the secret poll as, &amp;quot;The secret poll appears to contradict claims made by Gen Sir Mike Jackson, the Chief of the General Staff, who only days ago congratulated British soldiers for &amp;quot;supporting the Iraqi people in building a new and better Iraq&amp;quot;&amp;quot;.. leads critics to conclude that this is not a fair or accurate assessment of Iraqi opinion. Also, the article states, &amp;quot;The findings differ markedly from a survey carried out by the BBC in March 2004 in which the overwhelming consensus among the 2,500 Iraqis questioned was that life was good. More of those questioned supported the war than opposed it.&amp;quot; It also contradicts the optimism shown by the Iraqis in the polls taken (March 2007) quoted in the portion above &amp;quot;Iraqi Liberation.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
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Citing safety concerns and saying the following survey was done by &amp;quot;An Iraqi public opinion research firm with a &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;proven record&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; of conducting scientifically valid surveys&amp;quot; (How long have they been doing surveys - &amp;quot;proven record&amp;quot;? Did they do them for Saddam?) the following University of Maryland survey was also cloaked from public view or scrutiny. Again, detractors ask, &amp;quot;How was the question phrased which was answered by the Iraqi respondents?&amp;quot; (See the Conservapedia entry &amp;quot;Opinion Poll&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.conservapedia.com/Opinion_poll &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; for further elaboration on the importance of the phrasing of questions, etc.)&lt;br /&gt;
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A poll commissioned by the University of Maryland's Program on International Policy Attitudes in the autumn of 2006 found that Iraqi support for anti-Coalition violence had risen to 61%.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2006-09-27-iraqi-opinion_x.htm Poll: Iraqis support attacks on U.S. troops], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Similarly, a [[U.S. State Department]] poll conducted in 2006 found that &amp;quot;two-thirds of Iraqis in Baghdad favor an immediate withdrawal of U.S. troops&amp;quot;. Hundreds of thousands of Iraqi civilians have fled to neighboring [[Jordan]] and [[Syria]] since the 2003 invasion.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/Story/0,,1966333,00.html Warning over spiraling Iraq refugee crisis], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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The rather obvious result which is used to buoy this negative report (cited from the US State Department) that two-thirds of Iraqis would like their homeland free of foreign assistance is too vague a question as it does not answer the question of WHEN. The repeated requests to the UN by the Iraqi government for the coalition troops to remain in Iraq to help stabilize the country and the support of the people for the Iraqi government (and its policies, including keeping the US/coalition there) argue against the meaning of this being that the Iraqi people wish the US to simply leave with their mission unfinished.&lt;br /&gt;
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An Opinion Research Corporation poll was conducted in May of 2007. 34% of 1,028 adults polled supported the war in Iraq, while 65% opposed it.  1% were unsure.  The [[margin of error]] was plus or minus 3%.&lt;br /&gt;
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==Weapons of Mass Destruction==&lt;br /&gt;
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Although no large physical stock piles of weapons of mass destruction have been found in Iraq, the search is not over, and has yielded some results so far.  Only about one-third of 36 million captured pages have been examined by a linguist and a summary gist of the document prepared.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/duelfer.html Comprehensive Report of the Special Adviser to the DCI on Iraq’s WMD], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Many believe the physical WMDs that had been produced prior to the invasion were smuggled out of the country, possibly to [[Syria]], before the onset of the war.{{fact}}&lt;br /&gt;
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Saddam's General says they had WMD - As FrontPageMagazine.com reported in its article &amp;quot;Symposium: Iraq, WMDs and Troubling Revelations&amp;quot; on May 29th 2006 - &amp;quot;Just recently, Saddam Hussein's former southern regional commander, Gen. Al-Tikriti, gave the first videotaped testimony &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;confirming that Iraq had WMDs up to the American invasion in 2003 and that Russia helped remove them prior to the war.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; His testimony &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;confirms numerous other sources&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; that have pointed to Russia's secret alliance with Iraq and the co-ordinated moving of WMDs before the American liberation.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.frontpagemag.com/Articles/ReadArticle.asp?ID=22645 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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According to the Duelfer Report, Saddam used the Iraq Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (MHESR) through its universities and research programs to maintain, develop, and acquire expertise, to advance or preserve existent research projects and developments, and to procure goods prohibited by United Nations Security Council sanctions.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Duelfer Report, Vol. 1, Regime Finance and Procurement, p. 10 (pdf)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Additionally, concerning the 36 million captured pages of documentation, when it was put on the net for public translation, it was removed after they found quote, &amp;quot;detailed accounts of Iraq’s secret nuclear research before the 1991 Persian Gulf war. The documents, the experts say, constitute a basic guide to building an atom bomb.&amp;quot; As &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The New York Times&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; confirmed in their issue November 3, 2006, Saddam had complete plans for a Nuclear Weapon and was in the process of procuring parts when the US removed him. Quote: &amp;quot;nuclear experts who have viewed them say go beyond what is available elsewhere on the Internet and in other public forums. For instance, the papers give detailed information on how to build nuclear firing circuits and triggering explosives, as well as the radioactive cores of atom bombs. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Experts say that at the time, Mr. Hussein’s scientists were on the verge of building an atom bomb, as little as a year away.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/03/world/middleeast/03documents.html?pagewanted=2&amp;amp;_r=1&amp;amp;ei=5094&amp;amp;en=1511d6b3da302d4f&amp;amp;hp&amp;amp;ex=1162530000&amp;amp;partner=homepage &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Additionally, tapes with Saddam speaking on them also surfaced and certain sinister remarks Saddam made on the tapes were translated which showed that he threatened to use WMD on Washington, DC. In the article , &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam Translator: ABC Reinterpreted Tapes&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; dated Feb. 17th 2006, the FBI translator who supplied the 12 hours of Saddam Hussein audiotapes excerpted by ABC's &amp;quot;Nightline&amp;quot; says the network discarded his translations and went with a less threatening version of the Iraqi dictator's comments. In the &amp;quot;Nightline&amp;quot; version of the 1996 recording, Saddam predicts that Washington, D.C., would be hit by terrorists. But he adds that Iraq would have nothing to do with the attack. Tierney says, however, that what Saddam actually said was much more sinister. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;He was discussing his intent to use chemical weapons against the United States and use proxies so it could not be traced back to Iraq,&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; he told Hannity. In a passage not used by &amp;quot;Nightline,&amp;quot; Tierney says Saddam declares: &amp;quot;Terrorism is coming. ... In the future there will be terrorism with weapons of mass destruction. What if we consider this technique, with smuggling?&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.newsmax.com/archives/ic/2006/2/17/125334.shtml &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Concerning additional tapes uncovered where Saddam is being briefed by his Son-in-law, Lieutenant General Hussein, ABC News reports his words to Saddam Hussein: &amp;quot;Sir, I would not be speaking so openly if it were not for your excellency's and Mr. Tariq's clarification and statement that we produced biological weapons. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We did not reveal all that we have. Secondly, they don't know about our work in the domain of missiles.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; With regard to the issue of the chemical, sir, ... &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;In the chemical, sir, they have a problem far bigger than the biological&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, bigger than the biological. Not the type of the weapons, not the volume of the materials we imported, not the volume of the production we told them about, not the volume of use. None of this was correct. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;They don't know any of this&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. We did not reveal the volume of the chemical weapons that we had produced. We did not reveal the type of the chemical weapons. We did not reveal the truth about the volume of the imported materials. In the nuclear, sir, in the biological, we also disagree with them. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;As for the nuclear, we say we have disclosed everything but no.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; We have undeclared problems in nuclear as well, and I believe that they know. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;There are teams working with no one knowing about some of them.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; I go back to the question of whether we should reveal everything or continue to be silent... I would say it is in our interest not to reveal. Not just out of fear of disclosing the technology we achieved, or &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;to hide it for future work&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;...  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://abcnews.go.com/Nightline/Investigation/story?id=1623307&amp;amp;page=1 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Another of the documents show that Saddam ordered suicide attacks on the US, which then, within a year, could have become nuclear. In the article &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam Ordered Suicide Attacks on U.S. Targets&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; dated April 6th 2006, it states, &amp;quot;A newly translated document from Saddam Hussein's intelligence files indicates that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;the Iraqi dictator ordered suicide attacks against U.S. targets six months before the 9/11 attacks.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.newsmax.com/archives/ic/2006/4/6/230437.shtml?s=lh &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Also, there was another document discovered proving that Saddam was intending to attack London in this article &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam was training terrorists for attacks in London&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; dated March 27th 2006 - &amp;quot;Among the documents released last week was a translation of a three-page Iraqi Intelligence memo regarding a wave of attacks to be conducted by the Saddam Fedayeen.According to those orders, the Fedayeen Saddam was &amp;quot;to start planning from now on to perform special operations (&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;assassinations/bombings) for&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; the centers and the traitor symbols in the fields of (&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;London&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;/Iran/self-ruled areas) and for coordination with the Intelligence service to secure deliveries, accommodations, and target guidance.&amp;quot;&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/012/024eyieu.asp &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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CNSNews.com reported that an Oct. 4, 2004, report by Cybercast News Service included 42 pages of Iraqi Intelligence Service memos that revealed &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam's purchase of mustard gas and anthrax as recently as the summer of 2000 and his extensive ties to al Qaeda.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Then in June, House Intelligence Committee Chairman Peter Hoekstra (R-Mich.) and U.S. Sen. Rick Santorum (R-Pa.) released declassified portions of an intelligence report that they said &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;confirmed Saddam's possession of weapons of mass destruction&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, including mustard gas. The report indicated that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;500 such weapons had been destroyed by the U.S.-led coalition since 2003&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; and that the U.S. and its allies were racing against terrorist groups in trying to control the remaining weapons in Iraq. &amp;quot;It is essential for the American people to understand that these weapons are in Iraq,&amp;quot; Santorum said during the news conference.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.cnsnews.com/ViewNation.asp?Page=/Nation/archive/200607/NAT20060725a.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;How many WMD means Saddam had some?&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; - Fox News reported on May 17th, 2004 that a roadside bomb containing &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;sarin nerve agent&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; was confirmed to have exploded near a U.S. military convoy, but the incident was downplayed along with the note that mustard gas had also been found. Quote, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;The Iraqi Survey Group confirmed today that a 155-millimeter artillery round containing sarin nerve agent had been found&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;,&amp;quot; Brig. Gen. Mark Kimmitt, the chief military spokesman in Iraq, told reporters in Baghdad. &amp;quot;The round had been rigged as an IED (improvised explosive device) which was discovered by a U.S. force convoy.&amp;quot; Bush administration officials told Fox News that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;mustard gas was also recently discovered&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,120137,00.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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Concluding that &amp;quot;the mustard gas was &amp;quot;stored improperly,&amp;quot; which made the gas &amp;quot;ineffective,&amp;quot;&amp;quot; these deadly agents were ignored and the view that WMD do not exist remains remains perpetuated. The same Fox News article notes, &amp;quot;They believe the mustard gas shell may have been one of 550 projectiles for which former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein failed to account when he made his weapons declaration shortly before Operation Iraqi Freedom began last year. Iraq also failed to then account for 450 aerial bombs with mustard gas. That, combined with the shells, totaled about 80 tons of unaccounted for mustard gas. It also appears some top Pentagon officials were surprised by the sarin news; they thought the matter was classified, administration officials told Fox News.&amp;quot;  &lt;br /&gt;
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ABC News reported on 7/1/2004 this article, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Polish troops find sarin warheads in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; which stated, &amp;quot;Polish troops have found two warheads in Iraq believed to contain a deadly nerve agent. The two warheads were found in early June in a bunker in the area controlled by Polish forces, and they &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;tested positive for cyclosarin&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, a substance many times stronger than sarin, the ministry said in a statement. Another dozen were found later in June. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/iraq/2004-07-01-poland-iraq-sarin_x.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; This finding was updated 2 days later as testing found that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;all sixteen rockets had initially showed traces of sarin&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, but were now &amp;quot;all empty and tested negative for any type of chemicals.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A24403-2004Jul2.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The article went on to state, &amp;quot;In January 2003, U.N. inspectors discovered a dozen old 122-millimeter &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;rockets that chief inspector Hans Blix described at the time as &amp;quot;designed to carry chemical weapons.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Iraq later turned up several more, and all were destroyed. Blix later said he was not sure whether Iraq mentioned them in the 12,000-page weapons declaration it submitted in December 2002. &lt;br /&gt;
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As for anthrax, on Jan 1st 2004, aim.org covered an article saying of Saddam's anthrax production capability, quote, &amp;quot;Investigative journalist Richard Miniter says there is evidence to indicate Saddam’s anthrax program was capable of producing the kind of anthrax that hit America shortly after 9/11. Miniter (said) that during November he interviewed &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;U.S. weapons inspector Dr. David Kay&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; in Baghdad and that he was &amp;quot;absolutely shocked and astonished&amp;quot; at the sophistication of the Iraqi program. Miniter said that Kay &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;told him that, &amp;quot;the Iraqis had developed new techniques for drying and milling anthrax—techniques that were superior to anything the United States or the old Soviet Union had.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; That would make the former regime of Saddam Hussein the most sophisticated manufacturer of anthrax in the world.&amp;quot;&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.aim.org/publications/media_monitor/2004/01/01.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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===Saddam's Links to Al Qaeda===&lt;br /&gt;
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BEFORE the United States went to war to depose the threat of Saddam to its Homeland, in March 2002 and February 2003, CIA Director George Tenet Testified that Iraq had clear ties to Al Qaeda. Coupled with the above statement by the NY Times article that they were only one year from a nuclear bomb and the sinister statements by the translator Tierney, along with the article about Saddam ordering preparation for suicide attacks on US targets before 911, the case for invading Iraq to secure the US from further destruction was both logical and justified.&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;In February 2003&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, CIA Director George Tenet Testified That Iraq Had Links To Al Qaeda. TENET: &amp;quot;Iraq is harboring senior members of a terrorist network led by Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, a close associate of al Qaeda. ... Iraq has in the past provided training in document forgery and bomb-making to al Qaeda. It has also provided training in poisons and gases to two al Qaeda associates. One of these associates characterized the relationship he forged with Iraqi officials as successful. ... I know that part of this - and part of this Zarqawi network in Baghdad are two dozen Egyptian Islamic jihad which is indistinguishable from al Qaeda - operatives who are aiding the Zarqawi network, and two senior planners who have been in Baghdad since last May. &lt;br /&gt;
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Now, whether there is a base or whether there is not a base, they are operating freely, supporting the Zarqawi network that is supporting the poisons network in Europe and around the world. So these people have been operating there. And, as you know - I don't want to recount everything that Secretary Powell said, but as you know a foreign service went to the Iraqis twice to talk to them about Zarqawi and were rebuffed. So &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;there is a presence in Baghdad that is beyond Zarqawi.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; (George Tenet, Select Committee On Intelligence, U.S. Senate, Hearing, 2/11/03) &lt;br /&gt;
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Tenet Testified That Iraq Was Providing Safe Haven To Al Qaeda. SEN. CARL LEVIN (D-MI): &amp;quot;Would you say, Mr. Tenet, that the Zarqawi terrorist network is under the control or sponsorship of the Iraqi government?&amp;quot; TENET: &amp;quot;I don't know that, sir, but &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;I know that there's a safe haven that's been provided to this network in Baghdad&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;.&amp;quot; LEVIN: &amp;quot;So you're not - well, you're saying that you don't know if they're under the support - that they are under the control or direction?&amp;quot; TENET: &amp;quot;Yes, sir. We have said - &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;what we've said is Zarqawi and this large number of operatives are in Baghdad&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. They say the environment is good. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;And it is inconceivable to us that the Iraqi intelligence service doesn't know that they live there or what they're doing.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; (George Tenet, Select Committee On Intelligence, U.S. Senate, Hearing, 2/11/03) &lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;In March 2002&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, Tenet Testified On Iraq's Links To Al Qaeda. TENET: &amp;quot;We continue to watch Iraq's involvement in terrorists' activities. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Baghdad has a long history of supporting terrorism, altering its targets to reflect changing priorities and goals. It is also had contacts with Al Qaeda&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;.&amp;quot; (George Tenet, Committee On Armed Services, U.S. Senate, Hearing, 3/19/02)&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2006/09/20060915-4.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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As mentioned above, CNSNews.com reported that an Oct. 4, 2004, report by Cybercast News Service included 42 pages of Iraqi Intelligence Service memos that revealed &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam's purchase of mustard gas and anthrax as recently as the summer of 2000 and his extensive ties to al Qaeda.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.cnsnews.com/ViewNation.asp?Page=/Nation/archive/200607/NAT20060725a.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==The Duelfer Report==&lt;br /&gt;
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In 2004, the [[Iraq Survey Group]], ISG, whose intelligence analysts are managed by Charles Duelfer, a former State Department official and deputy chief of the U.N.-led arms-inspection teams, released what has been called the [[Duelfer Report]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; https://www.cia.gov/cia/reports/iraq_wmd_2004/index.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The ISG found &amp;quot;hundreds of cases of activities that were prohibited&amp;quot; under U.N. Security Council resolutions, a senior administration official was quoted as saying. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=38213 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Both Duelfer and his predecessor, David Kay, reported to Congress that the evidence they had found on the ground in Iraq showed Saddam's regime was in &amp;quot;material violation&amp;quot; of U.N. Security Council Resolution 1441,&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; the last of 17 resolutions that promised &amp;quot;serious consequences&amp;quot; if Iraq did not make a complete disclosure of its weapons programs and dismantle them in a verifiable manner.  The United States cited Iraq's refusal to comply with these demands as one justification for going to war. &lt;br /&gt;
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When former weapons inspector Kay reported to Congress in January that the United States had found &amp;quot;no stockpiles&amp;quot; of forbidden weapons in Iraq, his conclusions made front-page news, as did Duelfer's similarly worded conclusion in his report. But when Kay detailed what the ISG had found in testimony before the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence,  few took notice. &lt;br /&gt;
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Both Duelfer and Kay found Iraq had &amp;quot;a clandestine network of laboratories and safe houses with equipment that was suitable to continuing its prohibited chemical- and biological-weapons [BW] programs,&amp;quot; the official said. &amp;quot;They found a prison laboratory where we suspect they tested biological weapons on human subjects.&amp;quot;  &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Reference strains&amp;quot; of a wide variety of biological-weapons agents were found beneath the sink in the home of a prominent Iraqi BW scientist&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. &amp;quot;We thought it was a big deal,&amp;quot; a senior administration official said. &amp;quot;But it has been written off [by the press] as a sort of 'starter set.'&amp;quot; They found equipment for &amp;quot;uranium-enrichment centrifuges&amp;quot; whose only plausible use was as part of a clandestine nuclear-weapons program. In all these cases, &amp;quot;Iraqi scientists had been told before the war not to declare their activities to the U.N. inspectors,&amp;quot; the official said. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In testimony before Congress on March 30, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Duelfer revealed the ISG had found evidence of a &amp;quot;crash program&amp;quot; to construct new plants capable of making chemical- and biological-warfare agents&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. The ISG also found a previously undeclared program to build a &amp;quot;high-speed rail gun,&amp;quot; a device apparently designed for testing nuclear-weapons materials. That came in addition to 500 tons of natural uranium stockpiled at Iraq's main declared nuclear site south of Baghdad.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How did this happen? According to the Duelfer Report, half of the picture rests with entities outside Iraq. Saddam was trying to end the UN sanctions to pursue his conventional, dual-use, and WMD-related programs. In Saddam’s efforts to influence United Nations Security Council  members - namely Russia, France, and China - to end sanctions, Saddam’s ordered the Iraq Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) to formulate and implement a strategy aimed at these Security Council members and international public opinion with the purpose of ending UN sanctions by diplomatic and economic means.  Saddam also made use of “Protocols” or government-to-government economic trade agreements to generate a large amount of revenue outside the purview of the UN.  His success emboldened Saddam to pursue his reconstitution efforts of conventional, dual-use, and WMD-related programs starting in 1997.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Duelfer Report, Vol. 1, Regime Finance and Procurement, p. 9 (pdf)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Quote: &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;By 2000-2001, Saddam had managed to mitigate many of the effects of sanctions and undermine their international support,&amp;quot; the (Duelfer) report said.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://washingtontimes.com/op-ed/20041007-092535-2936r.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Regime’s authorities devised front companies that had close relationships with foreign government officials who worked to procure illicit goods, services, and technologies for Iraq’s WMD-related, conventional arms, and/or dual-use goods programs. Saddam used the ''Mukhabarat'', or Iraqi Intelligence Servise (IIS) to  facilitate importation of UN sanctioned and dual-use goods through Syria, Jordan, Belarus, Turkey and others.  Numerous foreign trade intermediaries disguised illicit items, hid the identity of the end user, and/or changed the final destination of the item to move it to the region. For a cut of the profits they smuggled prohibited items to entry points along the Iraqi border.  Companies in Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey, UAE, and Yemen assisted Saddam with the acquisition of prohibited items through deceptive trade practices. In the case of Syria and Yemen, this included support from agencies or personnel within the government itself.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Regime intent===&lt;br /&gt;
The Iraqi Survey Group in interrogations of Ba'athist officials from the leadership of the intelligence and security services, and Qusay’s inner circle, undertook interviews of Ba'athists in custody.  Some detainees’ statements were made to minimize their culpability leading to potential prosecution. Detainees were very concerned about their fate and were not willing to implicate themselves in sensitive matters of interest such as WMD, in light of looming prosecutions. Debriefers noted the tendency to place blame or knowledge with individuals who were not in a position to contradict the detainee’s statements, such as deceased individuals or individuals who were not in custody or who had fled the country, or providing debriefers with previously known information. Some former high ranking officials, such as ‘Ali Hasan Al Majid Al Tikriti (Chemical ‘Ali), never gave substantial information, despite speaking colorfully and at length. Some obstructed all attempts to elicit information on WMD and illicit activities of the former Regime. Others, however, were keen to help clarify every issue, sometimes to the point of self-incrimination.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The ISG's key findings stated that Saddam never abandoned his intentions to resume a Chemiclal Weapons effort when sanctions were lifted&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Saddam and many Iraqis regarded Chemical Weapons  as a proven weapon against an enemy’s superior numerical strength, a weapon that had saved the nation at least once already—during the [[Iran-Iraq war]]— and contributed to deterring the Coalition in 1991 from advancing to Baghdad.  After 1991, Saddam did express his intent to retain the intellectual capital, or the know-how that was developed during the Iraqi Nuclear Program. Saddam indicated that he would develop the weapons necessary to counter any Iranian threat.  Starting around 1992, in a bid to retain the intellectual core of the former weapons program workers with know-how, Baghdad transferred many nuclear scientists to related jobs in the Military Industrial Commission (MIC). The work undertaken by these scientists at the MIC helped them maintain their weapons knowledge base. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The Regime prevented scientists from the former nuclear weapons program from leaving either their jobs or Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Moreover, in the late 1990s, personnel from both MIC and the IAEC received significant pay raises in a bid to retain them, and the Regime undertook new investments in university research in a bid to ensure that Iraq retained technical knowledge.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The way Iraq organized its chemical industry after the mid-1990s allowed it to conserve the knowledge-base needed to restart a CW program, conduct a modest amount of dual-use research, and partially recover from the decline of its production capability caused by the effects of the Gulf war and UN-sponsored destruction and sanctions. Iraq implemented a rigorous and formalized system of nationwide research and production of chemicals. The Regime employed a cadre of trained and experienced researchers, production managers, and weaponization experts from the former CW program. Iraq constructed a number of new plants starting in the mid-1990s that enhanced its chemical infrastructure.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;ISG judged, based on available chemicals, infrastructure, and scientist debriefings, that Iraq at OIF probably had a capability to produce large quantities of sulfur mustard within three to six months&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;.  A former nerve agent expert indicated that Iraq retained the capability to produce nerve agent in significant quantities within two years, given the import of required phosphorous precursors. However, we have no credible indications that Iraq acquired or attempted to acquire large quantities of these chemicals through its existing procurement networks for sanctioned items. In addition to new investment in its industry, Iraq was able to monitor the location and use of all existing dualuse process equipment. This provided Iraq the ability to rapidly reallocate key equipment for proscribed activities, if required by the Regime.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Iraq’s historical ability to implement simple solutions to weaponization challenges allowed Iraq to retain the capability to weaponize CW agent when the need arose.  Iraq could indigenously produce a range of conventional munitions, throughout the 1990s, many of which had previously been adapted for filling with CW agent. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Saddam’s Leadership Defense Plan consisted of a tactical doctrine taught to all Iraqi officers and included the concept of a “red-line” or last line of defense. Uday — head of the Fedayeen Saddam — attempted to obtain chemical weapons for use during OIF.  &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;ISG uncovered information that the Iraqi Intelligence Service (IIS) maintained throughout 1991 to 2003 a set of undeclared covert laboratories to research and test various chemicals and poisons&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, primarily for intelligence operations. The existence, function, and purpose of the laboratories of which were never declared to the UN. The IIS program included the use of human subjects for testing purposes. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The IIS provided the BW program with security and participated in biological research, probably for its own purposes, from the beginning of Iraq’s BW effort in the early 1970s until the final days of Saddam Husayn’s Regime. In 1991, Saddam Husayn regarded BW as an integral element of his arsenal of WMD weapons, and would have used it if the need arose. At a meeting of the Iraqi leadership immediately prior to the Gulf war in 1991, Saddam Husayn personally authorized the use of BW weapons against Israel, Saudi Arabia and US forces.  Saddam envisaged all-out use. For example, all Israeli cities were to be struck and all the BW weapons at his disposal were to be used. Saddam specified that the “many years” agents, presumably anthrax spores, were to be employed against his foes. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;ISG judged that Iraq’s actions between 1991 and 1996 demonstrate that the state intended to preserve its BW capability and return to a steady, methodical progress toward a mature BW program when and if the opportunity arose&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Misreporting the Duelfer Report===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The Washington Times&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; reported in their editorial titled &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Misreporting the Duelfer Report&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://washingtontimes.com/op-ed/20041007-092535-2936r.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; the day following its release, October 08, 2004, quote: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;Gotcha, Mr. President.&amp;quot; This was the consensus of the headlines from nearly every daily newspaper yesterday responding to the CIA's Iraq Survey Group report on Iraq's prewar weapons programs. Yes, the report found no &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;stockpiles&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq since the war began in March 2003. But &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;were these the findings that the report highlighted in the first line of its Key Findings summary? No.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;quot;Saddam [Hussein] so dominated the Iraqi Regime that its strategic intent was his alone,&amp;quot; the summary begins. &amp;quot;He wanted to end sanctions while preserving the capability to reconstitute his weapons of mass destruction (WMD) when sanctions were lifted.&amp;quot; This hardly sounds as if the Iraq Survey Group, headed by Charles A. Duelfer, thought Saddam was cooperating with the international community. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The article goes on to explain that Saddam was attempting to get the sanctions lifted, targeting the three members of the Security Council - France, China and Russia - and then he intended to use the Oil for Food program &amp;quot;to acquire foreign exchange both to further undermine sanctions and to provide the means to enhance dual-use infrastructure and potential WMD-related development.&amp;quot; Then notes, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;While the United Nations turned a blind eye, Saddam cheated and committed mass murder in an effort to achieve his goals. To suggest that &amp;quot;containment&amp;quot; could have been sustained without dire results verges on the delusional.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; There is a very pertinent lesson in the Duelfer report; too bad no one told the headline writers.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Threat Level Concern===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is worth noting the following concerning a current controversy about the level of threat Saddam posed. If you consider the terrorists as various minority factions all working toward the same goal, as stated by Mr. Kraft on this page when he says, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;there is &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;a very dangerous minority in Islam&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; that either has, or wants and may soon have, the ability to deliver small nuclear, biological, or chemical weapons almost anywhere in the world, unless &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;they&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; are prevented from doing so.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; It doesn't matter which of these factions would have been used to specifically target the civilized world in a nuclear or biological/chemical attack. Although recently the extent of Saddam's ties to one specific group (the Al-Qaeda terrorists) has been questioned and a recent article stated that &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;the Iraqi government and al-Qaeda figures had only limited contacts,&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; the same article goes on to say concerning Al-Qaeda that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;it lacked evidence of a long-term relationship &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;like the ones Iraq had forged with other terrorist groups.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/04/05/AR2007040502263.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Therefore, it is known that Saddam had forged long term relationships with known terrorist GROUPS (plural) and so it was not that there was no threat from any terrorists groups, just that the threat would have come from those OTHER terrorists as the threat to the collective security of the civilized world if the US hadn't taken out Saddam. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It also remains to be seen if the ties with Al-Qaeda would have remained &amp;quot;limited&amp;quot; if that group had stepped up and volunteered to take the completed nuclear weapons from Saddam (which he would have had within a year according to &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The New York Times&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; - see the WMD section, this page) into Washington and detonate them using sophisticated and existing sleeper cell suicide bombers as Saddam was contemplating. It appears likely that Saddam would have listened and handed them his stocks of nuclear, chemical or biological weapons by his statements (see Mr. Tierney's translation on this page). From his past actions, Saddam was an equal opportunity employer for all the terrorist groups.. including those they admit in this report with whom he had &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;quot;long-term relationships.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; As Mr. Kraft observes, it is many &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;quot;barbarian&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;s&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;quot; at our gates with sophisticated weapons of mass destruction for the first time, not only one group (Al-Qaeda.) It is global in scope, hence the reason for calling this a &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Global War on Terror&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; not a &amp;quot;War on Terror in Iraq.&amp;quot; As such, it is a fight for world supremacy, and the civilized world would do well not to ignore or minimize what the civilized world is fighting over.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Accusations of Cover-Ups===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
While both parties continue to squabble over the above documents and claims, quote, &amp;quot;Both Republicans and Democrats charged the other side was trying using the release of more information for its political purposes,&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=51952 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; there were others who claimed there were cover-ups happening to stop further evidence becoming public. A NYsun article states, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;A former special investigator for the Pentagon during the Iraq war said he found four sealed underground bunkers in southern Iraq that he is sure contain stocks of chemical and biological weapons.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; But when he asked American weapons inspectors to check out the sites, he was rebuffed. Between March and July 2003, Mr. Gaubatz was taken by (his) sources to four locations - three in and around Nasiriyah and one near the port of Umm Qasr, where he was shown underground concrete bunkers with the tunnels leading to them deliberately flooded. In each case, he was told the facilities contained stocks of biological and chemical weapons, along with missiles whose range exceeded that mandated under U.N. sanctions. But because the facilities were sealed off with concrete walls, in some cases up to 5 feet thick, he did not get inside. He filed reports with photographs, exact grid coordinates, and testimony from multiple sources. And then he waited for the Iraq Survey Group to come to the sites. &amp;quot;I have no doubts the sites were never exploited by ISG. We agents begged and begged for weeks and months to get ISG to respond to the sites with the proper equipment,&amp;quot; Mr. Gaubatz said in a telephone interview. &amp;quot;An adequate search would have required heavy equipment to uncover the concrete, and additional equipment to drain the water.&amp;quot; Mr. Gaubatz would not disclose the names of his Iraqi sources, but he said they were &amp;quot;highly credible&amp;quot; by his supervisors. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.nysun.com/article/27183?access=890075 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the exhaustive search for WMDs in Iraq, CNN has left all stones unturned - or have they? These are the words right out of the mouth of CNN reporter Jane Arraf &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.cjr.org/iraq/chapt1.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, quote: &amp;quot;And if you had a bureau there, like we did, and it was a known bureau and a known company like CNN was, it was a beacon for everybody. It was a beacon for Iraqis who believed they had stories. Iraqis would show up, there would be Iraqis lined up outside the door. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;There... would be the Iraqis who told you they had nuclear documents in their basement and would you like to come and look [laughter]. You know, there was almost that pang when you turned somebody away, [you were] thinking, “Damn, maybe this guy really does have nuclear weapons in his basement, but I don’t have time.” So you never really knew.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Costs==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
''(Needs more statistics)''&lt;br /&gt;
Since the war is not yet over, the total cost has yet to be tallied.  However, the [[Congressional Budget Office]] estimates that the war has, as of 3/12/2007, cost less than $400 Billion.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.newstatesman.com/200703120024 Iraq: the hidden cost of the war]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The National Priorities Project, though, indicates that the war costs some $195,000 '''per minute''', according to numbers based on Congressional appropriations, and the tally had reached $412.8 billion as of 3/30/2007.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://nationalpriorities.org/index.php?option=com_wrapper&amp;amp;Itemid=182&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Casualties==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Former U.S. Attorney General in the [[Johnson Administration]], [[Ramsey Clark]], wrote the UN Security Council on 29 July 29 2002 claiming UN sanctions , &amp;quot;are the direct cause of the very cruel deaths of more than a million people&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.radioislam.org/bush/act.htm Letter from Ramsey Clark to the U.N. Security Council members], 29 July 29 2002.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  A 1999 [[UNICEF]] Report stated that there were, at that time, 500,000 deaths of children under the age of five probably attributable to the U.N. sanctions. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.unicef.org/newsline/99pr29.htm  Iraq Surveys Show Humanitarian Emergency], (August 12, 1999).&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Coalition Troops&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
According to the US Department of Defense, over 3,400 U.S., and over 270 troops from coalition countries have died in the war.  Over 25,000 U.S. troops have been wounded in combat.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.defenselink.mil Department of Defense]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Enemy Casualties &amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Larry Schweikart, Professor of History at the University of Dayton, a military historian, has calculated that, &amp;quot;a low estimate is that we have removed from the order of battle about 210,000 on the low end to 360,000 on the high end. This is an entire generation of jihadists, and will, if nothing else, significantly feminize Muslim society.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://newsbyus.com/more.php?id=7673_0_1_0_M &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Civilian Casualties&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Estimates of civilian casualties vary.  According to Fox News, March 20, 2007, over 54,000 civilians have been killed in the war. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,259875,00.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  However, due to suicide bombings and other such activity, the fatalities caused by US/Coalition forces in action was only &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;31 percent&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; of the total number given according to CNN's report October 2006, which stated the casulaties to be near 655,000, &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/meast/10/11/iraq.deaths/ &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; down from 32 percent quoted by this Boston Globe report &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.countercurrents.org/iraq-jackson191205.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; dated December 19, 2005. In the Fox News study, that would mean &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;16,740&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; of the 54,000 casualties.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.state.gov/p/nea/rls/rpt/iraqstatus/c20699.htm Iraq Weekly Status Report] U.S. Department of State.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.centcom.mil/sites/uscentcom2/default.aspx CENTCOM] Home page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Wars]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Operation_Iraqi_Freedom&amp;diff=161493</id>
		<title>Operation Iraqi Freedom</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Operation_Iraqi_Freedom&amp;diff=161493"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T02:23:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Casualties */ You have the CNN article as a source, and the number is in that report.  If IBC is not a viable source, then get rid of the mention of the CNN article also.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Operation Iraqi Freedom''' is largest of several active fronts in the ongoing [[War on Terrorism]]. Other fronts include [[Afghanistan]], [[Philippines]], and the [[Horn of Africa]]. Operation Iraqi Freedom began on 3 March 2003 with the removal of the [[Ba'athist]] regime of [[Saddam Hussein]] by a &amp;quot;coalition of the willing&amp;quot; led by the [[United States]] and allies including the [[United Kingdom]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://edition.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/11/20/prague.bush.nato/ Bush: Join 'coalition of willing'], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.  An interim government, Constitutional Assembly, and later an elected Parliament and Executive have assumed authority, however sectarian insurgent violence has hindered stability and reconstruction efforts by US contractors and the new government.  Iraq's new Constitution strictly limits the emergency powers of the Executive in dealing with civil strife--a post Saddam democratic reform.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Background to regime change==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the post-9/11 analysis to determine discontent in the Islamic world that had produced a flurry of dedicated suicide [[Jihad|jihadists]], the twelve year old UN imposed sanctions imposed upon Iraq and the resultant humanitarian crisis was one such often cited reason. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Chris Suellentrop, [http://slate.msn.com/id/1008414/ Are 1 Million Children Dying in Iraq?], Slate, Oct. 9, 2001.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Norman Bauman, [http://www.nasw.org/users/nbauman/wtc.htm Why they hate us: &amp;quot;Stopping cancer treatments will not topple a dictatorship&amp;quot;], 14 October 2001.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Michael Rubin, [http://meria.idc.ac.il/journal/2001/issue4/jv5n4a6.htm Sanctions on Iraq: A Valid Anti-American Grievance?], Middle East review of International Affairs, Volume 5, No. 4 - December 2001.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Matt Welch, [http://www.reason.com/news/show/28346.html The Politics of Dead Children: Have sanctions against Iraq murdered millions?], Reason Magazine, March 2002.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Alan W. Dowd, [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0IBR/is_3_33/ai_109580224 Thirteen Years of Causes and Consequences for the Was in Iraq], Parameters,  Autumn, 2003.[http://www.ciaonet.org/special_section/iraq_review/pi_epy/pi_epy_02.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  After the Gulf War of 1991 the United States kept troops permanently stationed in Saudi Arabia to defend against an Iraqi invasion of the Kingdom.  In the findings of the the 9/11 Commission Report for example, in a section entitled, ''The Foundation of the New Terrorism'', referring to Osama bin Laden's motivations for his Declaration of War and attack on the United States, the Commission found this,&lt;br /&gt;
:He inveighed against the presence of U.S. troops in Saudi Arabia, the home of Islam’s holiest sites. He spoke of the suffering of the Iraqi people as a result of sanctions imposed after the Gulf War &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;9/11 Commission Report[http://www.gpoaccess.gov/911/pdf/sec2.pdf ''The Foundation of the New Terrorism'']&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Saddam had taken advantage of corruption in both the [[United Nations]] Secretariat and [[Security Council]] to revive the Iraqi economy after the 1991 [[Gulf War]] through the [[Oil for Food]] program, nevertheless few of the intended beneficiaries of these alleged UN humanitarian efforts saw the intended relief.  Meanwhile, Saddam kept intact the &amp;quot;intellectual capital&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;know-how&amp;quot; to revive [[Weapons of Mass Destruction]] programs which were credited with insuring the survival of the Ba'athist regime in both the 1980-1988 War with Iran, and preventing a US overthrow of the regime in 1991. As the 90s progressed and the millennium changed, Saddam's top priority was ending the sanctions, and then a full resumption of operational WMD programs. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.cia.gov/cia/reports/iraq_wmd_2004/Comp_Report_Key_Findings.pdf Regime Strategic Intent], Duelfer Report, 2004.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Senator [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]], addressing a gathering of the radical anti-war group [[Code Pink]] spoke from her own knowledge and experience,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Cquote|There is a very easy way for to prevent anyone from being put into harms way and that is for Saddam Hussein to disarm. And I have absolutely no belief that he will. I have to say that this is something that I have followed for a decade. If he were serious about disarming, he would have been much more forthcoming. There may be progress, we may be destroying his missiles, there is no accounting for the chemical and biological stocks. I just have to respectfully disagree what the proximate cause of any action that might be taken is. …For now nearly 20 years the principal reason why women and children in Iraq have suffered is because of his leadership.  His not only tyrannical and dictatorial leadership, but his reign of terror against women and children.  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.archive.org/details/HillaryClintonsviewsongoingtowarSaddamandWMDs Hillary Clinton's views on going to war, Saddam, and WMD]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  }}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Arguments for regime change==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The concern which has led to this front on the War on Terror was summarized by Raymond S. Kraft in his &amp;quot;Historical Review of the Iraq Situation&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://righttruth.typepad.com/right_truth/2006/03/historical_revi.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He states, quote: &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;there is a very dangerous minority in Islam that either has, or wants and may soon have, the ability to deliver small nuclear, biological, or chemical weapons almost anywhere in the world, unless they are prevented from doing so&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. France, Germany, and Russia, have been selling them weapons technology as recently as 2002, as have North Korea, Syria, and Pakistan. These weapons were paid for with billions of dollars that Saddam Hussein skimmed from the &amp;quot;Oil For Food&amp;quot; program administered by the UN with the complicity of Kofi Annan and his son. &lt;br /&gt;
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The militant Muslim Jihadis believe that a radically conservative form of Wahhabi Islam, should own and control the Middle East first, then Europe, then the world; and that all who do not bow to Allah should be killed, enslaved, or subjugated. They want to finish the Holocaust, destroy Israel and purge the world of Jews. This is what they say.&lt;br /&gt;
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There is also &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;a civil war raging in the Middle East&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; - for the most part not a hot war, but a war of ideas. Islam is having its Inquisition and its Reformation today, but it is not yet known which will win - the Inquisition, or the Reformation. If the Inquisition wins, then the Wahhabis, the Jihadis, will control the Middle East and the OPEC oil. The US, European, and Asian economies, the techno-industrial economies, will be at the mercy of OPEC - not an OPEC dominated by the well-educated and rational Saudis of today, but an OPEC dominated by the Jihadis.&lt;br /&gt;
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If the Reformation movement wins, that is, the moderate Muslims who believe that Islam can respect and tolerate other religions and live in peace with the rest of the world, and move out of the 10th century into the 21st, then the troubles in the Middle East will eventually fade away. A moderate and prosperous Middle East will emerge.&amp;quot; (end of quote) &lt;br /&gt;
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What the West decided to do was help the Reformation side win. To do that the West had to fight the Inquisition, i.e., the Wahhabi movement, Al Qaeda and other Islamic terrorist movements. The battle had to happen somewhere, and since the West could not fight everywhere at once, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;the West chose to create a focal point for the battle, in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Mr Kraft went on to summarize what the West did and is doing which is important in Iraq, quote:&lt;br /&gt;
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(1) &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We deposed Saddam Hussein&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Whether Saddam Hussein was directly involved in 9/11 or not, it is undisputed that Saddam has been actively supporting the terrorist movement for decades. Saddam is or was a terrorist, a weapon of mass destruction, who is responsible for the deaths of probably more than a million Iraqis and two million Iranians. &lt;br /&gt;
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(2) &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We created a battle, a confrontation, a flash point, with Islamic terrorism in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. This has focused the battle. The ones killed there won't have to be killed here, or somewhere else. We have a good shot at creating a democratic, peaceful Iraq, which will be a catalyst for democratic change in the rest of the Middle East, and an outpost for a stabilizing American military presence in the Middle East for as long as it is needed. &lt;br /&gt;
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The Europeans could have done this, but they didn't, and they won't. We now know that rather than opposing the rise of the Jihadist, the French, Germans, and Russians were selling them arms - &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;we have found more than a million tons of weapons and munitions in Iraq. If Iraq was not a threat to anyone, why did Saddam have a million tons of weapons?&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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The bottom line here is that we will have to deal with Islamic terrorism until we defeat it (or are defeated by it), whenever that is. It will not go away on its own. The history of the world is the clash between the forces of relative civility and civilization, and the barbarians clamoring at the gates. The Iraq war is merely another battle in this ancient and never-ending war. Now, for the first time ever, the barbarians are about to get nuclear weapons unless WE prevent them. &lt;br /&gt;
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The Iraq war is expensive, and uncertain, yes. But the consequences of not fighting and winning it will be horrifically greater. The history of the world is the history of civilization clashes - cultural clashes. All wars are about ideas. Ideas about what society and civilization should be like. The most determined always win. Those who are willing to be the most ruthless win. The pacifists always lose, because the anti-pacifists kill them. &lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Today, in Iraq, the stakes are high . . . a world dominated by representative governments with civil rights, human rights, and personal freedoms . . . or a world dominated by the radical Islamic Wahhabi movement, by the Jihadist under the Mullahs and the Sharia&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. The Liberal mentality is supposed to favor human rights, civil rights, democracy, multiculturalism, diversity, etc. But if the Jihad wins, wherever the Jihad wins, it is the end of civil rights, human rights, democracy, multiculturalism, diversity, etc. Americans who oppose the liberation of Iraq are coming down on the side of their own worst enemy. If the Jihad wins, it will be the death of Liberalism. (end of quote)&lt;br /&gt;
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Senator [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]] said in a floor speech on October 10, 2002,&lt;br /&gt;
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{{Cquote|In the four years since the inspectors left, intelligence reports show that Saddam Hussein has worked to rebuild his chemical and biological weapons stock, his missile delivery capability, and his nuclear program. He has also given aid, comfort, and sanctuary to terrorists, including Al Qaeda members. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://clinton.senate.gov/speeches/iraq_101002.html October 10, 2002 Floor Speech of Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton on S.J. Res. 45, A Resolution to Authorize the Use of United States Armed Forces Against Iraq],  United States Senate, October 10, 2002. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
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==Liberation from Ba'athist tyranny==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Qwwqqe.jpg|thumb|right|An Iraqi Army unit prepares to board a Task Force Baghdad UH-60 Blackhawk helicopter for a counterinsurgency mission in Baghdad.]]&lt;br /&gt;
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After the decapitation of the Ba'athist leadership from the military under its command in April 2003, President Bush said in his address:&lt;br /&gt;
*Major combat operations in Iraq have ended. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;In the battle of Iraq, the United States and our allies have prevailed.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; (Applause.) And now our coalition is engaged in securing and reconstructing that country. [http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/05/20030501-15.html]&lt;br /&gt;
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Other comments from President Bush's May 1, 2003 speech &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/05/20030501-15.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; show that the context of these victory comments include warnings to Americans of an ongoing struggle to establish Iraqi democracy and counter the threat of terrorism. Quotes, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We have difficult work to do in Iraq. We're bringing order to parts of that country that remain dangerous.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; We're pursuing and finding leaders of the old regime, who will be held to account for their crimes. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We're helping to rebuild Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, where the dictator built palaces for himself, instead of hospitals and schools. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;And we will stand with the new leaders of Iraq as they establish a government of, by, and for the Iraqi people. The transition from dictatorship to democracy will take time, but it is worth every effort. Our coalition will stay until our work is done.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Then we will leave, and we will leave behind a free Iraq. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Our mission continues&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Al Qaeda is wounded, not destroyed. The scattered cells of the terrorist network still operate in many nations, and we know from daily intelligence that they continue to plot against free people. The proliferation of deadly weapons remains a serious danger. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The enemies of freedom are not idle, and neither are we.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Our government has taken unprecedented measures to defend the homeland. And we will continue to hunt down the enemy before he can strike. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The war on terror is not over; yet it is not endless.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; We do not know the day of final victory, but we have seen the turning of the tide. No act of the terrorists will change our purpose, or weaken our resolve, or alter their fate. Their cause is lost. Free nations will press on to victory.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://newsbusters.org/node/12386 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Many Iraqis welcomed the American invasion and overthrow of Saddam Hussein, and in the preceding months, showed optimism about their country's future. An &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;'American Enterprise'-'Wall Street Journal'-'Zogby'&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; poll in September 2003 found that &amp;quot;Seven out of 10 say they expect their country and their personal lives will be better five years from now. On both fronts, 32% say things will become much better.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.html?id=110003991 What Iraqis Really Think], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Furthermore, in a March 2004 poll of Iraqis, the BBC found that Iraqis have great hope in a stable, unified government for their country, with 80% of respondents favoring a centralized state ruled from Baghdad. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3514504.stm Survey finds hope in occupied Iraq]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  Since 2004, the unceasing violence by the insurgents has caused some people (mainly in the West) to refer to the ongoing strife as a 'civil war'. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20070301faessay86201/james-d-fearon/iraq-s-civil-war.html Iraq's Civil War], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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2007 - Four years into the war, the biggest poll since coalition troops entered Iraq on March 20, 2003 shows that by a majority of two to one, Iraqis prefer the current leadership to Saddam Hussein’s regime, regardless of the security crisis and a lack of public services. It also found a striking resilience and optimism among the inhabitants. The survey, published March 19, 2007, also reveals that contrary to the views of many western analysts, most Iraqis do not believe they are embroiled in a civil war; indeed, only 27% believed they were caught up in a civil war and 64% of the Iraqis still want to see a united Iraq under a central national government. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/iraq/article1530526.ece Resilient Iraqis ask what civil war?], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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ABC News (and USA Today) conducted a poll &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://abcnews.go.com/images/US/1033aIraqpoll.pdf PDF Iraq Poll], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;and found that 56 percent of Iraqis don't believe there is a “civil war,” and a British poll determined 61 percent don't believe they're in a civil war. The &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Times of London&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;'s summary of the poll: “Iraqis: life is getting better.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/iraq/article1530762.ece Iraqis: life is getting better], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; A version of the combined articles as posted by &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The Australian&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;: “It's better than Saddam, say hopeful Iraqis.” &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,21404747-2703,00.html It's better than Saddam, say hopeful Iraqis], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Bagpipe.jpg|right|thumb|400px|Proposed Baghdad reconstruction Plan]]&lt;br /&gt;
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==Insurgency==&lt;br /&gt;
Since the removal of Saddam, the United States has been caught in the middle of sectarian violence between [[Sunni]] Muslims and [[Shia]] Muslims. The Shia majority, notably the [[Jaysh Al-Madhi]], have began to attack American and other coalition troops even while the coalition has been protecting the Shia from Sunni attacks. Other Shia groups that have not attacked coalition forces have pursued their own factional aims while relying on the US to ensure Shia majority rule. To many if not most Sunnis, the US is viewed as the enemy because it supports Shia majority rule. As the Sunni interpret Muslim law, only Muslims may rule a Muslim state, and the Shia are considered heretics and thus not fit to lead the nation. Though a minority, the Sunni have traditionally ruled Iraq and view themselves entitled to continue the privilege of doing so.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Testimony of Edward N. Luttwak, Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate , Hearings on [http://www.csis.org/media/csis/congress/ts070123luttwak.pdf Securing America's Interest in Iraq], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==The Surge==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--[[Image:Cuncil.jpg|right|thumb|Iraqi governing council as of July 15, 2003]]--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--Hid picture, try to find a new one; half of them are probably dead.--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Since the new US-Iraqi offensive was launched in February 2007, anti-government forces have been put on the defensive in their former insurgent strong­hold of Anbar, Britain’s top general in Iraq said (March 2007). &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.ft.com/cms/s/b3fd545e-d70f-11db-b9d7-000b5df10621.html Iraq insurgents ‘on the defensive’], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The insurgency “didn’t do too well in Anbar . . . Their claims have failed to come to fruition,” he said, referring to the declaration by Islamic radicals that they had established a “caliphate”, or successorship, encompassing much of western Iraq. Lt Gen Lamb said that US and Iraqi forces were recruiting hundreds of police for the first time in towns in the Anbar region and that the forces were working together in shared combat outposts. While conceding that car bomb attacks In Baghdad and a surge of violence in neighboring Diyala had to be addressed, he said that US and Iraqi planners were learning to reduce the threat, establishing an outer cordon around the city as well as barriers, or “point defense” protection around key targets inside. The US military has reported cases in which car bombs have been stopped at checkpoints. In some cases the bombs detonated killing Iraqi security forces, but the casualties would arguably have been much greater had the blasts hit crowded commercial districts. General Lamb, who commanded British ground forces in Iraq in 2003 and 2004 said that multinational forces now had the benefit of four years of experience in fighting the insurgents.&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The increasing pressure from US forces with this Surge strategy has caused Sadr and his commanders flee to Iran&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; as &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The Guardian&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; reported Feb 15, 07, &amp;quot;Senior commanders of the Mehdi army, the militia loyal to the radical Shia cleric Moqtada al-Sadr, have been spirited away to Iran to avoid being targeted in the new security push in Baghdad, a high-level Iraqi official told the &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Guardian&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;. &amp;quot;Over the last three weeks, they [Iran] have taken away from Baghdad the first and second-tier military leaders of the Mehdi army,&amp;quot; he said. The aim of the Iranians was to &amp;quot;prevent the dismantling of the infrastructure of the Shia militias&amp;quot; in the Iraqi capital -- one of the chief aims of the United States-backed security drive. The chief US military spokesperson in Baghdad said the anti-Western cleric had fled to Iran. US forces were tracking him &amp;quot;very closely&amp;quot;, he said.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.mg.co.za/articlepage.aspx?area=/breaking_news/breaking_news__international_news/&amp;amp;articleid=299085 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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The Surge is showing signs as a solid strategy which is being used to good effect as Al Jazeera reports that the Baathist terrorists have begun to criticize Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda in their article &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Sunni group condemns Iraq al-Qaeda&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/A6EC4EAB-854C-4D2F-A922-754648CDED8D.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; where it states: &amp;quot;An influential Iraqi Sunni armed group has called on al-Qaeda in Iraq to “review” its behaviour in the country. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The Islamic Army in Iraq, believed to be the largest group of former Baathists and army officers fighting Iraqi and US forces&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, called on Osama bin Laden, the al-Qaeda leader, to take more responsibility for al-Qaeda in Iraq. “Killing Sunnis has become a legitimate target for them, especially rich ones. Either they pay them what they want or they kill them,” a statement from the group said. “They would kill any critic or whoever tries to show them their mistakes.” Sunni Arab officials have also urged what they call “the real resistance” to disown al-Qaeda and engage in talks with the government to end violence which has driven the country closer to an all-out civil war.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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Now, the increasing pressure appears to have caused an actual break in relations between terrorist groups as this April 12, 07 article states, quote, &amp;quot;One of Iraq's main armed groups has confirmed a split with al-Qaeda, according to a spokesman for the dissenting organisation. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Ibrahim al-Shammari told Al Jazeera on Thursday that the Islamic Army in Iraq had decided to disunite from al-Qaeda in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; after its members were threatened. &amp;quot;.. after Abu Musab al-Zarqawi died, the gap between us [and al-Qaeda] widened, because [they] started to target our members. They killed about 30 of our people, and we definitely don't recognise their establishment of an Islamic state - we consider it invalid.&amp;quot; The Islamic Army in Iraq is one of several nationalist groups which opposes hitting Iraqi civilians, but it has carried out high-profile attacks against multinational forces. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Al-Shammari said they would be willing to deal with the Americans if certain conditions are met.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Al-Shammari said that his group didn't consider US forces to be the main danger in Iraq. &amp;quot;There are two occupations: Iranian and American, and the Iranian one is more dangerous than American because Iran considers Iraq as a part of their country.&amp;quot; The Islamic Army in Iraq's statement comes after Iraq's president said the presidential office was in contact with five insurgent groups. Jalal Talabani said on Wednesday that the contacts mark an attempt to bring the groups into the mainstream political process. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.iraqupdates.com/p_articles.php/article/16414 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Additional progress was detailed in &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Corps Commander Highlights Progress in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;, Apr 13, 2007, where Army Lt. Gen. Raymond T. Odierno, the commander of Multinational Corps in Iraq said there has been &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;progress in the security situation in Baghdad&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Three of the five promised U.S. brigades are in place in the city, an additional three Iraqi brigade headquarters and 11 additional battalions have moved into Baghdad in support of the operation. Twenty-six joint security stations in Baghdad are manned by Iraqi army, Iraqi police and coalition forces, as are more than 21 combat outposts. &amp;quot;This continuous presence is making the Iraqi people feel safer and has greatly increased the amount of information provided to the Iraqi army, police and coalition forces by the public,&amp;quot; Odierno said. Sectarian murders have dropped in Baghdad, and some displaced families are returning to the city. In addition, coalition and Iraqi forces have doubled the number of arms caches found since the beginning of the operation two months ago. Security forces allow citizens to return to a more normal existence. &amp;quot;Across Baghdad, markets are being hardened with checkpoints and barriers, and merchants have returned to sell their produce,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;And Iraqis are busy shopping in the markets of Rusafa and Dura, and there are more projects such as these ... that will occur in the near future.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
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Positive changes are not limited to Baghdad, he said, they are also happening in Anbar province, where coalition and Iraqi security forces are working with local tribal leaders. &amp;quot;The people of al Anbar are fighting back and winning,&amp;quot; Odierno said. &amp;quot;They've effectively turned back the tide of al Qaeda, but there will be counterattacks by al Qaeda.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The general said there were nine attacks last week in Ramadi, the capital of Anbar province. &amp;quot;During the same week a year ago, there were over 84 attacks,&amp;quot; he said.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Odierno said he also sees promise in the northern part of Iraq. Coalition forces there have set up 33 U.S. police transition teams to build law enforcement capability in that region. Oil is flowing out of the Bayji refinery thanks to Iraqi security force efforts to protect distribution tankers. Progress continues in the country's south, as well. &amp;quot;In the south, Operation Black Eagle in Diwaniyah, conducted by joint Iraqi and coalition forces, uncovered a headquarters of a rogue element of Jaysh al-Mahdi, with a major weapons cache including materials for IED-making,&amp;quot; he said. Even the demonstrations called by radical cleric Muqtada al Sadr on April 9 to protest the U.S. presence in Iraq are a good sign, Odierno said. &amp;quot;This demonstration took place without incident,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;It is worth mentioning three points related to this demonstration. First, the government of Iraq allowed the demonstration to take place, unthinkable under the former regime. Second, the demonstrators waved Iraqi flags rather than black flags or pictures of ayatollahs. And third, the demonstrators numbered no more than 15,000, rather than the one million its organizers called for.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.blackanthem.com/News/International_21/Corps_Commander_Highlights_Progress_in_Iraq5809.shtml &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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That being said, anti-democratic and sectarian violence in the war, as expected and predicted by the Bush Administration, is continuing: a recent Al-Qaida attack at the Parliamentary cafeteria killed one, and on April 18 2007, a series of car bombs killed 131 Baghdad residents. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;US CENTCOM Press Release, [http://www.centcom.mil/sites/uscentcom2/Lists/Current%20Press%20Releases/DispForm.aspx?ID=4767 131 Dead, More Than 160 Wounded by Multiple Car Bomb Attacks in Baghdad Multi-National Division], Release Number: 07-01-03P, 4/18/2007. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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In the ABC article, &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Al-Qaida claims Iraq parliament attack&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;, the U.S. military &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;revised the death toll sharply downward to one dead in the the parliament suicide bombing&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;. Iraqi officials said the bomber was believed to have been a bodyguard for a Sunni lawmaker who was not among the casualties. Parliament officials said the victim was Mohammed Awad, a moderate Sunni lawmaker. Iraqi lawmakers gathered Friday in a rare - and defiant - session of parliament on the Muslim day of prayer. A red and white bouquet sat in Awad's place in the parliament chamber. Lawmakers took the podium one after another to denounce the bombing. One MP had his arm in sling and a woman lawmaker wore a neck brace. &amp;quot;The more they (terrorists) act, the more solid we become. When they take from us one martyr, we will offer more martyrs,&amp;quot; Vice President Adil Abdul-Mahdi said. &amp;quot;The more they target our unity, the stronger our unity becomes.&amp;quot; Iraqi parliament speaker Mahmoud al-Mashhadani said Friday's session was &amp;quot;a clear message to all the terrorists and all those who dare try to stop this (political) process, that we will sacrifice in order for it to continue.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://abclocal.go.com/wtvd/story?section=nation_world&amp;amp;id=5205895 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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At a news conference with Defense Secretary Robert Gates (reported Fri Apr 20, 2007), Iraqi Defense Minister Abdul-Qader al-Obaidi said the Iraqis are making progress in countering the insurgency. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Our need for support is getting less and less each day,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; al-Obaidi said. Gates said the U.S. troop buildup will continue at least until late summer. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;We need some time for things to work,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; he said. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Three of the five extra brigades Bush ordered into Iraq to stem violence have arrived. Officials want the rest in place by June, for a total of 160,000.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Soon after that, they will assess how much longer the higher troop level — about 30,000 more than before the buildup — will be needed. Since the troop buildup or &amp;quot;Surge&amp;quot; has not even been completed, it is not surprising that the premature and rash comments by Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid saying the war was already lost and the troop buildup was not stemming violence in Iraq were rejected by Gates. &amp;quot;I respectfully disagree,&amp;quot; Gates said when asked by a reporter about Reid's Thursday remarks. He assured al-Maliki that the U.S. continues to be committed to the Iraqi government and the Baghdad security plan, Gates said.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20070420/ap_on_re_mi_ea/gates_iraq &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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April 20, 2007 - Iraqi President Nouri al Malaki affirmed the indigenous Iraqi Assyrian Christians' right to have a Province of their own, which could be provided for under the Iraqi Constitution. Malaki was addressing questions concerning the minorities, many of whom are in neighboring countries, including an estimated nearly 500,000 Assyrian Christians. Additionally, Malaki said, &amp;quot;I think it is important to let the world know that things in our country are improving dramatically. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Our unemployment rate has gone from nearly 70 percent to now under 30 percent. Our most recent growth rate was 3 percent and we have seen, in particular as a result of the recent Baghdad program, a dramatic drop in so-called sectarian violence.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; What is particularly encouraging to me is the changes we have seen in our security forces and the trust from our people once again. We are finally seeing individual citizens provide information to our forces, which has changed the situation dramatically in rooting out those who are determined to ruin our country.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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Malaki stressed three key goals. National Reconciliation, Economic Development and Expanded Security as the way forward. &amp;quot;In spite of much information to the contrary, we are seeing a return to the Iraq we all once knew when we considered ourselves all Iraqis and not belonging to a particular sect or group,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;Recently we have brought back large numbers of former members of the Ba'ath Party who were not involved in any problems in the past and this has significantly helped to bring our people together. Economic development is taking place at a good rate. Part of the reason we are here is to encourage even more investment into our country. The monthly income of our people has gone from about $20 a month to now over $200. The dramatic rise in electrical use is one good sign that the economy is taking off. The stores are full.&amp;quot; Describing the current military situation as &amp;quot;moving from sectarian to outside interference,&amp;quot; Malaki stressed that the so called Baghdad Plan was working. &amp;quot;We are seeing a dramatic drop in the sectarian conflicts and see our major challenge as that from the outside including Al Quaida and remainders of the Ba'athist groups,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;In the end we will be able to take care of ourselves. Meanwhile, we need the help of our friends to stand against those who want to harm us.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.assistnews.net/Stories/2007/s07040107.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Gen. David Petraeus, the top U.S. commander in Iraq, said in a recent interview, that the increase of nearly 30,000 U.S. troops in the country had achieved &amp;quot;modest progress&amp;quot; but had also had setbacks such as a rise in suicide bombings and other problems. Petraeus also stated that he was uncertain whether his counterinsurgency strategy would be ultimately succeed, but he stated &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We have certainly pulled [Baghdad] neighborhoods back from the brink.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; Assessing the first two months of the U.S. and Iraqi plan to pacify the capital, senior American commanders -- including Petraeus; Adm. William Fallon, head of U.S. forces in the Middle East; Lt. Gen. Raymond Odierno, commander of military operations in Iraq; and top regional commanders -- see mixed results. Critical now, they said in interviews last week, is for Iraqi leaders to forge the political compromises needed for long-term stability. The deployment of additional troops in Baghdad is only 60 percent complete, and a major concern shared by U.S. military leaders is whether al-Maliki's government is capable of solidifying gains in security as well as making the crucial political compromises needed to achieve peace. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.delawareonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070423/NEWS/70422011&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==Iraq Strategy in Relation to the Global War on Terrorism==&lt;br /&gt;
As reported in the State Department's annual Country Reports on Terrorism &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/crt/2006/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; released April 30, 2007, there are &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;steep declines in terrorist attacks and murders in many regions of the globe&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Though terrorism has increased markedly in Iraq, aside from the Middle East (which does not include Afghanistan according to State), the number of terrorist attacks worldwide is down from a year ago by over 300 incidents. In other words, the Bush administration's idea that making Iraq the &amp;quot;central front in the war on terror&amp;quot; seems to be working. According to the State report, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;terrorism in South Asia is down by 10 percent from a year ago. In Europe, it's down 18 percent. In Central and South America, terrorism-related deaths are down 54 percent.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://newsbusters.org/node/12431 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==Opinion polls==&lt;br /&gt;
Iraqi opposition to the American presence, both politically and militarily, has gradually increased since 2003. A secret British Ministry of Defence poll conducted in late 2005 found that 82 percent of Iraqis were &amp;quot;strongly opposed&amp;quot; to the presence of Coalition soldiers in Iraq.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2005/10/23/wirq23.xml  Secret MoD poll: Iraqis support attacks on British troops], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The same poll found support for Iraqi rebels at 45%, rising to 65% in Maysan province, although a poll by the IRI in March 2006 found 78% of respondents answered that &amp;quot;violence is never acceptable&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.iri.org/mena/iraq/pdfs/2006-04-27-Iraq%20poll%20March%20March.ppt Downloadable PowerPoint], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
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Many discount these &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;secret&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; polls because they are biased in how the questions are asked (&amp;quot;Have you stopped beating your wife, yet?&amp;quot;) and normally have been taken in the areas which have large numbers of insurgent sympathizers in the population, such as Saddam's hometown of Tikrit. The polling numbers are not included or references as to how this &amp;quot;secret&amp;quot; poll was conducted in the above reference. The lack of open disclosure and the fact that it was used to discount the intelligence to that point which was quoted in the same article as the secret poll as, &amp;quot;The secret poll appears to contradict claims made by Gen Sir Mike Jackson, the Chief of the General Staff, who only days ago congratulated British soldiers for &amp;quot;supporting the Iraqi people in building a new and better Iraq&amp;quot;&amp;quot;.. leads critics to conclude that this is not a fair or accurate assessment of Iraqi opinion. Also, the article states, &amp;quot;The findings differ markedly from a survey carried out by the BBC in March 2004 in which the overwhelming consensus among the 2,500 Iraqis questioned was that life was good. More of those questioned supported the war than opposed it.&amp;quot; It also contradicts the optimism shown by the Iraqis in the polls taken (March 2007) quoted in the portion above &amp;quot;Iraqi Liberation.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
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Citing safety concerns and saying the following survey was done by &amp;quot;An Iraqi public opinion research firm with a &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;proven record&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; of conducting scientifically valid surveys&amp;quot; (How long have they been doing surveys - &amp;quot;proven record&amp;quot;? Did they do them for Saddam?) the following University of Maryland survey was also cloaked from public view or scrutiny. Again, detractors ask, &amp;quot;How was the question phrased which was answered by the Iraqi respondents?&amp;quot; (See the Conservapedia entry &amp;quot;Opinion Poll&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.conservapedia.com/Opinion_poll &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; for further elaboration on the importance of the phrasing of questions, etc.)&lt;br /&gt;
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A poll commissioned by the University of Maryland's Program on International Policy Attitudes in the autumn of 2006 found that Iraqi support for anti-Coalition violence had risen to 61%.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2006-09-27-iraqi-opinion_x.htm Poll: Iraqis support attacks on U.S. troops], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Similarly, a [[U.S. State Department]] poll conducted in 2006 found that &amp;quot;two-thirds of Iraqis in Baghdad favor an immediate withdrawal of U.S. troops&amp;quot;. Hundreds of thousands of Iraqi civilians have fled to neighboring [[Jordan]] and [[Syria]] since the 2003 invasion.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/Story/0,,1966333,00.html Warning over spiraling Iraq refugee crisis], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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The rather obvious result which is used to buoy this negative report (cited from the US State Department) that two-thirds of Iraqis would like their homeland free of foreign assistance is too vague a question as it does not answer the question of WHEN. The repeated requests to the UN by the Iraqi government for the coalition troops to remain in Iraq to help stabilize the country and the support of the people for the Iraqi government (and its policies, including keeping the US/coalition there) argue against the meaning of this being that the Iraqi people wish the US to simply leave with their mission unfinished.&lt;br /&gt;
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An Opinion Research Corporation poll was conducted in May of 2007. 34% of 1,028 adults polled supported the war in Iraq, while 65% opposed it.  1% were unsure.  The [[margin of error]] was plus or minus 3%.&lt;br /&gt;
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==Weapons of Mass Destruction==&lt;br /&gt;
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Although no large physical stock piles of weapons of mass destruction have been found in Iraq, the search is not over, and has yielded some results so far.  Only about one-third of 36 million captured pages have been examined by a linguist and a summary gist of the document prepared.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/duelfer.html Comprehensive Report of the Special Adviser to the DCI on Iraq’s WMD], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Many believe the physical WMDs that had been produced prior to the invasion were smuggled out of the country, possibly to [[Syria]], before the onset of the war.{{fact}}&lt;br /&gt;
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Saddam's General says they had WMD - As FrontPageMagazine.com reported in its article &amp;quot;Symposium: Iraq, WMDs and Troubling Revelations&amp;quot; on May 29th 2006 - &amp;quot;Just recently, Saddam Hussein's former southern regional commander, Gen. Al-Tikriti, gave the first videotaped testimony &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;confirming that Iraq had WMDs up to the American invasion in 2003 and that Russia helped remove them prior to the war.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; His testimony &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;confirms numerous other sources&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; that have pointed to Russia's secret alliance with Iraq and the co-ordinated moving of WMDs before the American liberation.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.frontpagemag.com/Articles/ReadArticle.asp?ID=22645 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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According to the Duelfer Report, Saddam used the Iraq Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (MHESR) through its universities and research programs to maintain, develop, and acquire expertise, to advance or preserve existent research projects and developments, and to procure goods prohibited by United Nations Security Council sanctions.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Duelfer Report, Vol. 1, Regime Finance and Procurement, p. 10 (pdf)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Additionally, concerning the 36 million captured pages of documentation, when it was put on the net for public translation, it was removed after they found quote, &amp;quot;detailed accounts of Iraq’s secret nuclear research before the 1991 Persian Gulf war. The documents, the experts say, constitute a basic guide to building an atom bomb.&amp;quot; As &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The New York Times&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; confirmed in their issue November 3, 2006, Saddam had complete plans for a Nuclear Weapon and was in the process of procuring parts when the US removed him. Quote: &amp;quot;nuclear experts who have viewed them say go beyond what is available elsewhere on the Internet and in other public forums. For instance, the papers give detailed information on how to build nuclear firing circuits and triggering explosives, as well as the radioactive cores of atom bombs. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Experts say that at the time, Mr. Hussein’s scientists were on the verge of building an atom bomb, as little as a year away.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/03/world/middleeast/03documents.html?pagewanted=2&amp;amp;_r=1&amp;amp;ei=5094&amp;amp;en=1511d6b3da302d4f&amp;amp;hp&amp;amp;ex=1162530000&amp;amp;partner=homepage &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Additionally, tapes with Saddam speaking on them also surfaced and certain sinister remarks Saddam made on the tapes were translated which showed that he threatened to use WMD on Washington, DC. In the article , &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam Translator: ABC Reinterpreted Tapes&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; dated Feb. 17th 2006, the FBI translator who supplied the 12 hours of Saddam Hussein audiotapes excerpted by ABC's &amp;quot;Nightline&amp;quot; says the network discarded his translations and went with a less threatening version of the Iraqi dictator's comments. In the &amp;quot;Nightline&amp;quot; version of the 1996 recording, Saddam predicts that Washington, D.C., would be hit by terrorists. But he adds that Iraq would have nothing to do with the attack. Tierney says, however, that what Saddam actually said was much more sinister. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;He was discussing his intent to use chemical weapons against the United States and use proxies so it could not be traced back to Iraq,&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; he told Hannity. In a passage not used by &amp;quot;Nightline,&amp;quot; Tierney says Saddam declares: &amp;quot;Terrorism is coming. ... In the future there will be terrorism with weapons of mass destruction. What if we consider this technique, with smuggling?&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.newsmax.com/archives/ic/2006/2/17/125334.shtml &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Concerning additional tapes uncovered where Saddam is being briefed by his Son-in-law, Lieutenant General Hussein, ABC News reports his words to Saddam Hussein: &amp;quot;Sir, I would not be speaking so openly if it were not for your excellency's and Mr. Tariq's clarification and statement that we produced biological weapons. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We did not reveal all that we have. Secondly, they don't know about our work in the domain of missiles.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; With regard to the issue of the chemical, sir, ... &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;In the chemical, sir, they have a problem far bigger than the biological&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, bigger than the biological. Not the type of the weapons, not the volume of the materials we imported, not the volume of the production we told them about, not the volume of use. None of this was correct. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;They don't know any of this&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. We did not reveal the volume of the chemical weapons that we had produced. We did not reveal the type of the chemical weapons. We did not reveal the truth about the volume of the imported materials. In the nuclear, sir, in the biological, we also disagree with them. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;As for the nuclear, we say we have disclosed everything but no.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; We have undeclared problems in nuclear as well, and I believe that they know. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;There are teams working with no one knowing about some of them.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; I go back to the question of whether we should reveal everything or continue to be silent... I would say it is in our interest not to reveal. Not just out of fear of disclosing the technology we achieved, or &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;to hide it for future work&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;...  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://abcnews.go.com/Nightline/Investigation/story?id=1623307&amp;amp;page=1 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Another of the documents show that Saddam ordered suicide attacks on the US, which then, within a year, could have become nuclear. In the article &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam Ordered Suicide Attacks on U.S. Targets&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; dated April 6th 2006, it states, &amp;quot;A newly translated document from Saddam Hussein's intelligence files indicates that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;the Iraqi dictator ordered suicide attacks against U.S. targets six months before the 9/11 attacks.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.newsmax.com/archives/ic/2006/4/6/230437.shtml?s=lh &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Also, there was another document discovered proving that Saddam was intending to attack London in this article &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam was training terrorists for attacks in London&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; dated March 27th 2006 - &amp;quot;Among the documents released last week was a translation of a three-page Iraqi Intelligence memo regarding a wave of attacks to be conducted by the Saddam Fedayeen.According to those orders, the Fedayeen Saddam was &amp;quot;to start planning from now on to perform special operations (&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;assassinations/bombings) for&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; the centers and the traitor symbols in the fields of (&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;London&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;/Iran/self-ruled areas) and for coordination with the Intelligence service to secure deliveries, accommodations, and target guidance.&amp;quot;&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/012/024eyieu.asp &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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CNSNews.com reported that an Oct. 4, 2004, report by Cybercast News Service included 42 pages of Iraqi Intelligence Service memos that revealed &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam's purchase of mustard gas and anthrax as recently as the summer of 2000 and his extensive ties to al Qaeda.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Then in June, House Intelligence Committee Chairman Peter Hoekstra (R-Mich.) and U.S. Sen. Rick Santorum (R-Pa.) released declassified portions of an intelligence report that they said &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;confirmed Saddam's possession of weapons of mass destruction&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, including mustard gas. The report indicated that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;500 such weapons had been destroyed by the U.S.-led coalition since 2003&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; and that the U.S. and its allies were racing against terrorist groups in trying to control the remaining weapons in Iraq. &amp;quot;It is essential for the American people to understand that these weapons are in Iraq,&amp;quot; Santorum said during the news conference.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.cnsnews.com/ViewNation.asp?Page=/Nation/archive/200607/NAT20060725a.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;How many WMD means Saddam had some?&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; - Fox News reported on May 17th, 2004 that a roadside bomb containing &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;sarin nerve agent&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; was confirmed to have exploded near a U.S. military convoy, but the incident was downplayed along with the note that mustard gas had also been found. Quote, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;The Iraqi Survey Group confirmed today that a 155-millimeter artillery round containing sarin nerve agent had been found&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;,&amp;quot; Brig. Gen. Mark Kimmitt, the chief military spokesman in Iraq, told reporters in Baghdad. &amp;quot;The round had been rigged as an IED (improvised explosive device) which was discovered by a U.S. force convoy.&amp;quot; Bush administration officials told Fox News that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;mustard gas was also recently discovered&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,120137,00.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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Concluding that &amp;quot;the mustard gas was &amp;quot;stored improperly,&amp;quot; which made the gas &amp;quot;ineffective,&amp;quot;&amp;quot; these deadly agents were ignored and the view that WMD do not exist remains remains perpetuated. The same Fox News article notes, &amp;quot;They believe the mustard gas shell may have been one of 550 projectiles for which former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein failed to account when he made his weapons declaration shortly before Operation Iraqi Freedom began last year. Iraq also failed to then account for 450 aerial bombs with mustard gas. That, combined with the shells, totaled about 80 tons of unaccounted for mustard gas. It also appears some top Pentagon officials were surprised by the sarin news; they thought the matter was classified, administration officials told Fox News.&amp;quot;  &lt;br /&gt;
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ABC News reported on 7/1/2004 this article, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Polish troops find sarin warheads in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; which stated, &amp;quot;Polish troops have found two warheads in Iraq believed to contain a deadly nerve agent. The two warheads were found in early June in a bunker in the area controlled by Polish forces, and they &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;tested positive for cyclosarin&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, a substance many times stronger than sarin, the ministry said in a statement. Another dozen were found later in June. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/iraq/2004-07-01-poland-iraq-sarin_x.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; This finding was updated 2 days later as testing found that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;all sixteen rockets had initially showed traces of sarin&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, but were now &amp;quot;all empty and tested negative for any type of chemicals.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A24403-2004Jul2.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The article went on to state, &amp;quot;In January 2003, U.N. inspectors discovered a dozen old 122-millimeter &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;rockets that chief inspector Hans Blix described at the time as &amp;quot;designed to carry chemical weapons.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Iraq later turned up several more, and all were destroyed. Blix later said he was not sure whether Iraq mentioned them in the 12,000-page weapons declaration it submitted in December 2002. &lt;br /&gt;
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As for anthrax, on Jan 1st 2004, aim.org covered an article saying of Saddam's anthrax production capability, quote, &amp;quot;Investigative journalist Richard Miniter says there is evidence to indicate Saddam’s anthrax program was capable of producing the kind of anthrax that hit America shortly after 9/11. Miniter (said) that during November he interviewed &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;U.S. weapons inspector Dr. David Kay&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; in Baghdad and that he was &amp;quot;absolutely shocked and astonished&amp;quot; at the sophistication of the Iraqi program. Miniter said that Kay &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;told him that, &amp;quot;the Iraqis had developed new techniques for drying and milling anthrax—techniques that were superior to anything the United States or the old Soviet Union had.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; That would make the former regime of Saddam Hussein the most sophisticated manufacturer of anthrax in the world.&amp;quot;&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.aim.org/publications/media_monitor/2004/01/01.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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===Saddam's Links to Al Qaeda===&lt;br /&gt;
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BEFORE the United States went to war to depose the threat of Saddam to its Homeland, in March 2002 and February 2003, CIA Director George Tenet Testified that Iraq had clear ties to Al Qaeda. Coupled with the above statement by the NY Times article that they were only one year from a nuclear bomb and the sinister statements by the translator Tierney, along with the article about Saddam ordering preparation for suicide attacks on US targets before 911, the case for invading Iraq to secure the US from further destruction was both logical and justified.&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;In February 2003&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, CIA Director George Tenet Testified That Iraq Had Links To Al Qaeda. TENET: &amp;quot;Iraq is harboring senior members of a terrorist network led by Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, a close associate of al Qaeda. ... Iraq has in the past provided training in document forgery and bomb-making to al Qaeda. It has also provided training in poisons and gases to two al Qaeda associates. One of these associates characterized the relationship he forged with Iraqi officials as successful. ... I know that part of this - and part of this Zarqawi network in Baghdad are two dozen Egyptian Islamic jihad which is indistinguishable from al Qaeda - operatives who are aiding the Zarqawi network, and two senior planners who have been in Baghdad since last May. &lt;br /&gt;
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Now, whether there is a base or whether there is not a base, they are operating freely, supporting the Zarqawi network that is supporting the poisons network in Europe and around the world. So these people have been operating there. And, as you know - I don't want to recount everything that Secretary Powell said, but as you know a foreign service went to the Iraqis twice to talk to them about Zarqawi and were rebuffed. So &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;there is a presence in Baghdad that is beyond Zarqawi.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; (George Tenet, Select Committee On Intelligence, U.S. Senate, Hearing, 2/11/03) &lt;br /&gt;
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Tenet Testified That Iraq Was Providing Safe Haven To Al Qaeda. SEN. CARL LEVIN (D-MI): &amp;quot;Would you say, Mr. Tenet, that the Zarqawi terrorist network is under the control or sponsorship of the Iraqi government?&amp;quot; TENET: &amp;quot;I don't know that, sir, but &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;I know that there's a safe haven that's been provided to this network in Baghdad&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;.&amp;quot; LEVIN: &amp;quot;So you're not - well, you're saying that you don't know if they're under the support - that they are under the control or direction?&amp;quot; TENET: &amp;quot;Yes, sir. We have said - &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;what we've said is Zarqawi and this large number of operatives are in Baghdad&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. They say the environment is good. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;And it is inconceivable to us that the Iraqi intelligence service doesn't know that they live there or what they're doing.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; (George Tenet, Select Committee On Intelligence, U.S. Senate, Hearing, 2/11/03) &lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;In March 2002&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, Tenet Testified On Iraq's Links To Al Qaeda. TENET: &amp;quot;We continue to watch Iraq's involvement in terrorists' activities. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Baghdad has a long history of supporting terrorism, altering its targets to reflect changing priorities and goals. It is also had contacts with Al Qaeda&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;.&amp;quot; (George Tenet, Committee On Armed Services, U.S. Senate, Hearing, 3/19/02)&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2006/09/20060915-4.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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As mentioned above, CNSNews.com reported that an Oct. 4, 2004, report by Cybercast News Service included 42 pages of Iraqi Intelligence Service memos that revealed &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam's purchase of mustard gas and anthrax as recently as the summer of 2000 and his extensive ties to al Qaeda.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.cnsnews.com/ViewNation.asp?Page=/Nation/archive/200607/NAT20060725a.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==The Duelfer Report==&lt;br /&gt;
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In 2004, the [[Iraq Survey Group]], ISG, whose intelligence analysts are managed by Charles Duelfer, a former State Department official and deputy chief of the U.N.-led arms-inspection teams, released what has been called the [[Duelfer Report]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; https://www.cia.gov/cia/reports/iraq_wmd_2004/index.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The ISG found &amp;quot;hundreds of cases of activities that were prohibited&amp;quot; under U.N. Security Council resolutions, a senior administration official was quoted as saying. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=38213 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Both Duelfer and his predecessor, David Kay, reported to Congress that the evidence they had found on the ground in Iraq showed Saddam's regime was in &amp;quot;material violation&amp;quot; of U.N. Security Council Resolution 1441,&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; the last of 17 resolutions that promised &amp;quot;serious consequences&amp;quot; if Iraq did not make a complete disclosure of its weapons programs and dismantle them in a verifiable manner.  The United States cited Iraq's refusal to comply with these demands as one justification for going to war. &lt;br /&gt;
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When former weapons inspector Kay reported to Congress in January that the United States had found &amp;quot;no stockpiles&amp;quot; of forbidden weapons in Iraq, his conclusions made front-page news, as did Duelfer's similarly worded conclusion in his report. But when Kay detailed what the ISG had found in testimony before the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence,  few took notice. &lt;br /&gt;
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Both Duelfer and Kay found Iraq had &amp;quot;a clandestine network of laboratories and safe houses with equipment that was suitable to continuing its prohibited chemical- and biological-weapons [BW] programs,&amp;quot; the official said. &amp;quot;They found a prison laboratory where we suspect they tested biological weapons on human subjects.&amp;quot;  &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Reference strains&amp;quot; of a wide variety of biological-weapons agents were found beneath the sink in the home of a prominent Iraqi BW scientist&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. &amp;quot;We thought it was a big deal,&amp;quot; a senior administration official said. &amp;quot;But it has been written off [by the press] as a sort of 'starter set.'&amp;quot; They found equipment for &amp;quot;uranium-enrichment centrifuges&amp;quot; whose only plausible use was as part of a clandestine nuclear-weapons program. In all these cases, &amp;quot;Iraqi scientists had been told before the war not to declare their activities to the U.N. inspectors,&amp;quot; the official said. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In testimony before Congress on March 30, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Duelfer revealed the ISG had found evidence of a &amp;quot;crash program&amp;quot; to construct new plants capable of making chemical- and biological-warfare agents&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. The ISG also found a previously undeclared program to build a &amp;quot;high-speed rail gun,&amp;quot; a device apparently designed for testing nuclear-weapons materials. That came in addition to 500 tons of natural uranium stockpiled at Iraq's main declared nuclear site south of Baghdad.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How did this happen? According to the Duelfer Report, half of the picture rests with entities outside Iraq. Saddam was trying to end the UN sanctions to pursue his conventional, dual-use, and WMD-related programs. In Saddam’s efforts to influence United Nations Security Council  members - namely Russia, France, and China - to end sanctions, Saddam’s ordered the Iraq Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) to formulate and implement a strategy aimed at these Security Council members and international public opinion with the purpose of ending UN sanctions by diplomatic and economic means.  Saddam also made use of “Protocols” or government-to-government economic trade agreements to generate a large amount of revenue outside the purview of the UN.  His success emboldened Saddam to pursue his reconstitution efforts of conventional, dual-use, and WMD-related programs starting in 1997.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Duelfer Report, Vol. 1, Regime Finance and Procurement, p. 9 (pdf)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Quote: &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;By 2000-2001, Saddam had managed to mitigate many of the effects of sanctions and undermine their international support,&amp;quot; the (Duelfer) report said.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://washingtontimes.com/op-ed/20041007-092535-2936r.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Regime’s authorities devised front companies that had close relationships with foreign government officials who worked to procure illicit goods, services, and technologies for Iraq’s WMD-related, conventional arms, and/or dual-use goods programs. Saddam used the ''Mukhabarat'', or Iraqi Intelligence Servise (IIS) to  facilitate importation of UN sanctioned and dual-use goods through Syria, Jordan, Belarus, Turkey and others.  Numerous foreign trade intermediaries disguised illicit items, hid the identity of the end user, and/or changed the final destination of the item to move it to the region. For a cut of the profits they smuggled prohibited items to entry points along the Iraqi border.  Companies in Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey, UAE, and Yemen assisted Saddam with the acquisition of prohibited items through deceptive trade practices. In the case of Syria and Yemen, this included support from agencies or personnel within the government itself.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Regime intent===&lt;br /&gt;
The Iraqi Survey Group in interrogations of Ba'athist officials from the leadership of the intelligence and security services, and Qusay’s inner circle, undertook interviews of Ba'athists in custody.  Some detainees’ statements were made to minimize their culpability leading to potential prosecution. Detainees were very concerned about their fate and were not willing to implicate themselves in sensitive matters of interest such as WMD, in light of looming prosecutions. Debriefers noted the tendency to place blame or knowledge with individuals who were not in a position to contradict the detainee’s statements, such as deceased individuals or individuals who were not in custody or who had fled the country, or providing debriefers with previously known information. Some former high ranking officials, such as ‘Ali Hasan Al Majid Al Tikriti (Chemical ‘Ali), never gave substantial information, despite speaking colorfully and at length. Some obstructed all attempts to elicit information on WMD and illicit activities of the former Regime. Others, however, were keen to help clarify every issue, sometimes to the point of self-incrimination.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The ISG's key findings stated that Saddam never abandoned his intentions to resume a Chemiclal Weapons effort when sanctions were lifted&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Saddam and many Iraqis regarded Chemical Weapons  as a proven weapon against an enemy’s superior numerical strength, a weapon that had saved the nation at least once already—during the [[Iran-Iraq war]]— and contributed to deterring the Coalition in 1991 from advancing to Baghdad.  After 1991, Saddam did express his intent to retain the intellectual capital, or the know-how that was developed during the Iraqi Nuclear Program. Saddam indicated that he would develop the weapons necessary to counter any Iranian threat.  Starting around 1992, in a bid to retain the intellectual core of the former weapons program workers with know-how, Baghdad transferred many nuclear scientists to related jobs in the Military Industrial Commission (MIC). The work undertaken by these scientists at the MIC helped them maintain their weapons knowledge base. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The Regime prevented scientists from the former nuclear weapons program from leaving either their jobs or Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Moreover, in the late 1990s, personnel from both MIC and the IAEC received significant pay raises in a bid to retain them, and the Regime undertook new investments in university research in a bid to ensure that Iraq retained technical knowledge.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The way Iraq organized its chemical industry after the mid-1990s allowed it to conserve the knowledge-base needed to restart a CW program, conduct a modest amount of dual-use research, and partially recover from the decline of its production capability caused by the effects of the Gulf war and UN-sponsored destruction and sanctions. Iraq implemented a rigorous and formalized system of nationwide research and production of chemicals. The Regime employed a cadre of trained and experienced researchers, production managers, and weaponization experts from the former CW program. Iraq constructed a number of new plants starting in the mid-1990s that enhanced its chemical infrastructure.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;ISG judged, based on available chemicals, infrastructure, and scientist debriefings, that Iraq at OIF probably had a capability to produce large quantities of sulfur mustard within three to six months&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;.  A former nerve agent expert indicated that Iraq retained the capability to produce nerve agent in significant quantities within two years, given the import of required phosphorous precursors. However, we have no credible indications that Iraq acquired or attempted to acquire large quantities of these chemicals through its existing procurement networks for sanctioned items. In addition to new investment in its industry, Iraq was able to monitor the location and use of all existing dualuse process equipment. This provided Iraq the ability to rapidly reallocate key equipment for proscribed activities, if required by the Regime.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Iraq’s historical ability to implement simple solutions to weaponization challenges allowed Iraq to retain the capability to weaponize CW agent when the need arose.  Iraq could indigenously produce a range of conventional munitions, throughout the 1990s, many of which had previously been adapted for filling with CW agent. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Saddam’s Leadership Defense Plan consisted of a tactical doctrine taught to all Iraqi officers and included the concept of a “red-line” or last line of defense. Uday — head of the Fedayeen Saddam — attempted to obtain chemical weapons for use during OIF.  &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;ISG uncovered information that the Iraqi Intelligence Service (IIS) maintained throughout 1991 to 2003 a set of undeclared covert laboratories to research and test various chemicals and poisons&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, primarily for intelligence operations. The existence, function, and purpose of the laboratories of which were never declared to the UN. The IIS program included the use of human subjects for testing purposes. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The IIS provided the BW program with security and participated in biological research, probably for its own purposes, from the beginning of Iraq’s BW effort in the early 1970s until the final days of Saddam Husayn’s Regime. In 1991, Saddam Husayn regarded BW as an integral element of his arsenal of WMD weapons, and would have used it if the need arose. At a meeting of the Iraqi leadership immediately prior to the Gulf war in 1991, Saddam Husayn personally authorized the use of BW weapons against Israel, Saudi Arabia and US forces.  Saddam envisaged all-out use. For example, all Israeli cities were to be struck and all the BW weapons at his disposal were to be used. Saddam specified that the “many years” agents, presumably anthrax spores, were to be employed against his foes. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;ISG judged that Iraq’s actions between 1991 and 1996 demonstrate that the state intended to preserve its BW capability and return to a steady, methodical progress toward a mature BW program when and if the opportunity arose&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Misreporting the Duelfer Report===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The Washington Times&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; reported in their editorial titled &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Misreporting the Duelfer Report&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://washingtontimes.com/op-ed/20041007-092535-2936r.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; the day following its release, October 08, 2004, quote: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;Gotcha, Mr. President.&amp;quot; This was the consensus of the headlines from nearly every daily newspaper yesterday responding to the CIA's Iraq Survey Group report on Iraq's prewar weapons programs. Yes, the report found no &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;stockpiles&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq since the war began in March 2003. But &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;were these the findings that the report highlighted in the first line of its Key Findings summary? No.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;quot;Saddam [Hussein] so dominated the Iraqi Regime that its strategic intent was his alone,&amp;quot; the summary begins. &amp;quot;He wanted to end sanctions while preserving the capability to reconstitute his weapons of mass destruction (WMD) when sanctions were lifted.&amp;quot; This hardly sounds as if the Iraq Survey Group, headed by Charles A. Duelfer, thought Saddam was cooperating with the international community. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The article goes on to explain that Saddam was attempting to get the sanctions lifted, targeting the three members of the Security Council - France, China and Russia - and then he intended to use the Oil for Food program &amp;quot;to acquire foreign exchange both to further undermine sanctions and to provide the means to enhance dual-use infrastructure and potential WMD-related development.&amp;quot; Then notes, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;While the United Nations turned a blind eye, Saddam cheated and committed mass murder in an effort to achieve his goals. To suggest that &amp;quot;containment&amp;quot; could have been sustained without dire results verges on the delusional.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; There is a very pertinent lesson in the Duelfer report; too bad no one told the headline writers.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Threat Level Concern===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is worth noting the following concerning a current controversy about the level of threat Saddam posed. If you consider the terrorists as various minority factions all working toward the same goal, as stated by Mr. Kraft on this page when he says, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;there is &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;a very dangerous minority in Islam&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; that either has, or wants and may soon have, the ability to deliver small nuclear, biological, or chemical weapons almost anywhere in the world, unless &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;they&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; are prevented from doing so.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; It doesn't matter which of these factions would have been used to specifically target the civilized world in a nuclear or biological/chemical attack. Although recently the extent of Saddam's ties to one specific group (the Al-Qaeda terrorists) has been questioned and a recent article stated that &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;the Iraqi government and al-Qaeda figures had only limited contacts,&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; the same article goes on to say concerning Al-Qaeda that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;it lacked evidence of a long-term relationship &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;like the ones Iraq had forged with other terrorist groups.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/04/05/AR2007040502263.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Therefore, it is known that Saddam had forged long term relationships with known terrorist GROUPS (plural) and so it was not that there was no threat from any terrorists groups, just that the threat would have come from those OTHER terrorists as the threat to the collective security of the civilized world if the US hadn't taken out Saddam. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It also remains to be seen if the ties with Al-Qaeda would have remained &amp;quot;limited&amp;quot; if that group had stepped up and volunteered to take the completed nuclear weapons from Saddam (which he would have had within a year according to &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The New York Times&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; - see the WMD section, this page) into Washington and detonate them using sophisticated and existing sleeper cell suicide bombers as Saddam was contemplating. It appears likely that Saddam would have listened and handed them his stocks of nuclear, chemical or biological weapons by his statements (see Mr. Tierney's translation on this page). From his past actions, Saddam was an equal opportunity employer for all the terrorist groups.. including those they admit in this report with whom he had &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;quot;long-term relationships.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; As Mr. Kraft observes, it is many &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;quot;barbarian&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;s&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;quot; at our gates with sophisticated weapons of mass destruction for the first time, not only one group (Al-Qaeda.) It is global in scope, hence the reason for calling this a &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Global War on Terror&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; not a &amp;quot;War on Terror in Iraq.&amp;quot; As such, it is a fight for world supremacy, and the civilized world would do well not to ignore or minimize what the civilized world is fighting over.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Accusations of Cover-Ups===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
While both parties continue to squabble over the above documents and claims, quote, &amp;quot;Both Republicans and Democrats charged the other side was trying using the release of more information for its political purposes,&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=51952 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; there were others who claimed there were cover-ups happening to stop further evidence becoming public. A NYsun article states, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;A former special investigator for the Pentagon during the Iraq war said he found four sealed underground bunkers in southern Iraq that he is sure contain stocks of chemical and biological weapons.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; But when he asked American weapons inspectors to check out the sites, he was rebuffed. Between March and July 2003, Mr. Gaubatz was taken by (his) sources to four locations - three in and around Nasiriyah and one near the port of Umm Qasr, where he was shown underground concrete bunkers with the tunnels leading to them deliberately flooded. In each case, he was told the facilities contained stocks of biological and chemical weapons, along with missiles whose range exceeded that mandated under U.N. sanctions. But because the facilities were sealed off with concrete walls, in some cases up to 5 feet thick, he did not get inside. He filed reports with photographs, exact grid coordinates, and testimony from multiple sources. And then he waited for the Iraq Survey Group to come to the sites. &amp;quot;I have no doubts the sites were never exploited by ISG. We agents begged and begged for weeks and months to get ISG to respond to the sites with the proper equipment,&amp;quot; Mr. Gaubatz said in a telephone interview. &amp;quot;An adequate search would have required heavy equipment to uncover the concrete, and additional equipment to drain the water.&amp;quot; Mr. Gaubatz would not disclose the names of his Iraqi sources, but he said they were &amp;quot;highly credible&amp;quot; by his supervisors. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.nysun.com/article/27183?access=890075 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the exhaustive search for WMDs in Iraq, CNN has left all stones unturned - or have they? These are the words right out of the mouth of CNN reporter Jane Arraf &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.cjr.org/iraq/chapt1.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, quote: &amp;quot;And if you had a bureau there, like we did, and it was a known bureau and a known company like CNN was, it was a beacon for everybody. It was a beacon for Iraqis who believed they had stories. Iraqis would show up, there would be Iraqis lined up outside the door. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;There... would be the Iraqis who told you they had nuclear documents in their basement and would you like to come and look [laughter]. You know, there was almost that pang when you turned somebody away, [you were] thinking, “Damn, maybe this guy really does have nuclear weapons in his basement, but I don’t have time.” So you never really knew.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Costs==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
''(Needs more statistics)''&lt;br /&gt;
Since the war is not yet over, the total cost has yet to be tallied.  However, the [[Congressional Budget Office]] estimates that the war has, as of 3/12/2007, cost less than $400 Billion.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.newstatesman.com/200703120024 Iraq: the hidden cost of the war]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The National Priorities Project, though, indicates that the war costs some $195,000 '''per minute''', according to numbers based on Congressional appropriations, and the tally had reached $412.8 billion as of 3/30/2007.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://nationalpriorities.org/index.php?option=com_wrapper&amp;amp;Itemid=182&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Casualties==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Former U.S. Attorney General in the [[Johnson Administration]], [[Ramsey Clark]], wrote the UN Security Council on 29 July 29 2002 claiming UN sanctions , &amp;quot;are the direct cause of the very cruel deaths of more than a million people&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.radioislam.org/bush/act.htm Letter from Ramsey Clark to the U.N. Security Council members], 29 July 29 2002.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  A 1999 [[UNICEF]] Report stated that there were, at that time, 500,000 deaths of children under the age of five probably attributable to the U.N. sanctions. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.unicef.org/newsline/99pr29.htm  Iraq Surveys Show Humanitarian Emergency], (August 12, 1999).&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Coalition Troops&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
According to the US Department of Defense, over 3,400 U.S., and over 270 troops from coalition countries have died in the war.  Over 25,000 U.S. troops have been wounded in combat.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.defenselink.mil Department of Defense]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Enemy Casualties &amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Larry Schweikart, Professor of History at the University of Dayton, a military historian, has calculated that, &amp;quot;a low estimate is that we have removed from the order of battle about 210,000 on the low end to 360,000 on the high end. This is an entire generation of jihadists, and will, if nothing else, significantly feminize Muslim society.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://newsbyus.com/more.php?id=7673_0_1_0_M &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Civilian Casualties&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Estimates of civilian casualties vary.  According to Fox News, March 20, 2007, over 54,000 civilians have been killed in the war. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,259875,00.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  However, due to suicide bombings and other such activity, the fatalities caused by US/Coalition forces in action was only &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;31 percent&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; of the total number given according to CNN's report October 2006, which stated the casulaties to be nnear 655,000, &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/meast/10/11/iraq.deaths/ &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; down from 32 percent quoted by this Boston Globe report &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.countercurrents.org/iraq-jackson191205.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; dated December 19, 2005. In the Fox News study, that would mean &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;16,740&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; of the 54,000 casualties.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.state.gov/p/nea/rls/rpt/iraqstatus/c20699.htm Iraq Weekly Status Report] U.S. Department of State.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.centcom.mil/sites/uscentcom2/default.aspx CENTCOM] Home page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Wars]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Operation_Iraqi_Freedom&amp;diff=161447</id>
		<title>Operation Iraqi Freedom</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Operation_Iraqi_Freedom&amp;diff=161447"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T02:01:22Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Casualties */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Operation Iraqi Freedom''' is largest of several active fronts in the ongoing [[War on Terrorism]]. Other fronts include [[Afghanistan]], [[Philippines]], and the [[Horn of Africa]]. Operation Iraqi Freedom began on 3 March 2003 with the removal of the [[Ba'athist]] regime of [[Saddam Hussein]] by a &amp;quot;coalition of the willing&amp;quot; led by the [[United States]] and allies including the [[United Kingdom]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://edition.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/11/20/prague.bush.nato/ Bush: Join 'coalition of willing'], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.  An interim government, Constitutional Assembly, and later an elected Parliament and Executive have assumed authority, however sectarian insurgent violence has hindered stability and reconstruction efforts by US contractors and the new government.  Iraq's new Constitution strictly limits the emergency powers of the Executive in dealing with civil strife--a post Saddam democratic reform.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Background to regime change==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the post-9/11 analysis to determine discontent in the Islamic world that had produced a flurry of dedicated suicide [[Jihad|jihadists]], the twelve year old UN imposed sanctions imposed upon Iraq and the resultant humanitarian crisis was one such often cited reason. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Chris Suellentrop, [http://slate.msn.com/id/1008414/ Are 1 Million Children Dying in Iraq?], Slate, Oct. 9, 2001.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Norman Bauman, [http://www.nasw.org/users/nbauman/wtc.htm Why they hate us: &amp;quot;Stopping cancer treatments will not topple a dictatorship&amp;quot;], 14 October 2001.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Michael Rubin, [http://meria.idc.ac.il/journal/2001/issue4/jv5n4a6.htm Sanctions on Iraq: A Valid Anti-American Grievance?], Middle East review of International Affairs, Volume 5, No. 4 - December 2001.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Matt Welch, [http://www.reason.com/news/show/28346.html The Politics of Dead Children: Have sanctions against Iraq murdered millions?], Reason Magazine, March 2002.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Alan W. Dowd, [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0IBR/is_3_33/ai_109580224 Thirteen Years of Causes and Consequences for the Was in Iraq], Parameters,  Autumn, 2003.[http://www.ciaonet.org/special_section/iraq_review/pi_epy/pi_epy_02.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  After the Gulf War of 1991 the United States kept troops permanently stationed in Saudi Arabia to defend against an Iraqi invasion of the Kingdom.  In the findings of the the 9/11 Commission Report for example, in a section entitled, ''The Foundation of the New Terrorism'', referring to Osama bin Laden's motivations for his Declaration of War and attack on the United States, the Commission found this,&lt;br /&gt;
:He inveighed against the presence of U.S. troops in Saudi Arabia, the home of Islam’s holiest sites. He spoke of the suffering of the Iraqi people as a result of sanctions imposed after the Gulf War &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;9/11 Commission Report[http://www.gpoaccess.gov/911/pdf/sec2.pdf ''The Foundation of the New Terrorism'']&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Saddam had taken advantage of corruption in both the [[United Nations]] Secretariat and [[Security Council]] to revive the Iraqi economy after the 1991 [[Gulf War]] through the [[Oil for Food]] program, nevertheless few of the intended beneficiaries of these alleged UN humanitarian efforts saw the intended relief.  Meanwhile, Saddam kept intact the &amp;quot;intellectual capital&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;know-how&amp;quot; to revive [[Weapons of Mass Destruction]] programs which were credited with insuring the survival of the Ba'athist regime in both the 1980-1988 War with Iran, and preventing a US overthrow of the regime in 1991. As the 90s progressed and the millennium changed, Saddam's top priority was ending the sanctions, and then a full resumption of operational WMD programs. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.cia.gov/cia/reports/iraq_wmd_2004/Comp_Report_Key_Findings.pdf Regime Strategic Intent], Duelfer Report, 2004.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Senator [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]], addressing a gathering of the radical anti-war group [[Code Pink]] spoke from her own knowledge and experience,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Cquote|There is a very easy way for to prevent anyone from being put into harms way and that is for Saddam Hussein to disarm. And I have absolutely no belief that he will. I have to say that this is something that I have followed for a decade. If he were serious about disarming, he would have been much more forthcoming. There may be progress, we may be destroying his missiles, there is no accounting for the chemical and biological stocks. I just have to respectfully disagree what the proximate cause of any action that might be taken is. …For now nearly 20 years the principal reason why women and children in Iraq have suffered is because of his leadership.  His not only tyrannical and dictatorial leadership, but his reign of terror against women and children.  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.archive.org/details/HillaryClintonsviewsongoingtowarSaddamandWMDs Hillary Clinton's views on going to war, Saddam, and WMD]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  }}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Arguments for regime change==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The concern which has led to this front on the War on Terror was summarized by Raymond S. Kraft in his &amp;quot;Historical Review of the Iraq Situation&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://righttruth.typepad.com/right_truth/2006/03/historical_revi.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He states, quote: &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;there is a very dangerous minority in Islam that either has, or wants and may soon have, the ability to deliver small nuclear, biological, or chemical weapons almost anywhere in the world, unless they are prevented from doing so&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. France, Germany, and Russia, have been selling them weapons technology as recently as 2002, as have North Korea, Syria, and Pakistan. These weapons were paid for with billions of dollars that Saddam Hussein skimmed from the &amp;quot;Oil For Food&amp;quot; program administered by the UN with the complicity of Kofi Annan and his son. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The militant Muslim Jihadis believe that a radically conservative form of Wahhabi Islam, should own and control the Middle East first, then Europe, then the world; and that all who do not bow to Allah should be killed, enslaved, or subjugated. They want to finish the Holocaust, destroy Israel and purge the world of Jews. This is what they say.&lt;br /&gt;
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There is also &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;a civil war raging in the Middle East&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; - for the most part not a hot war, but a war of ideas. Islam is having its Inquisition and its Reformation today, but it is not yet known which will win - the Inquisition, or the Reformation. If the Inquisition wins, then the Wahhabis, the Jihadis, will control the Middle East and the OPEC oil. The US, European, and Asian economies, the techno-industrial economies, will be at the mercy of OPEC - not an OPEC dominated by the well-educated and rational Saudis of today, but an OPEC dominated by the Jihadis.&lt;br /&gt;
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If the Reformation movement wins, that is, the moderate Muslims who believe that Islam can respect and tolerate other religions and live in peace with the rest of the world, and move out of the 10th century into the 21st, then the troubles in the Middle East will eventually fade away. A moderate and prosperous Middle East will emerge.&amp;quot; (end of quote) &lt;br /&gt;
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What the West decided to do was help the Reformation side win. To do that the West had to fight the Inquisition, i.e., the Wahhabi movement, Al Qaeda and other Islamic terrorist movements. The battle had to happen somewhere, and since the West could not fight everywhere at once, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;the West chose to create a focal point for the battle, in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Mr Kraft went on to summarize what the West did and is doing which is important in Iraq, quote:&lt;br /&gt;
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(1) &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We deposed Saddam Hussein&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Whether Saddam Hussein was directly involved in 9/11 or not, it is undisputed that Saddam has been actively supporting the terrorist movement for decades. Saddam is or was a terrorist, a weapon of mass destruction, who is responsible for the deaths of probably more than a million Iraqis and two million Iranians. &lt;br /&gt;
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(2) &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We created a battle, a confrontation, a flash point, with Islamic terrorism in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. This has focused the battle. The ones killed there won't have to be killed here, or somewhere else. We have a good shot at creating a democratic, peaceful Iraq, which will be a catalyst for democratic change in the rest of the Middle East, and an outpost for a stabilizing American military presence in the Middle East for as long as it is needed. &lt;br /&gt;
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The Europeans could have done this, but they didn't, and they won't. We now know that rather than opposing the rise of the Jihadist, the French, Germans, and Russians were selling them arms - &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;we have found more than a million tons of weapons and munitions in Iraq. If Iraq was not a threat to anyone, why did Saddam have a million tons of weapons?&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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The bottom line here is that we will have to deal with Islamic terrorism until we defeat it (or are defeated by it), whenever that is. It will not go away on its own. The history of the world is the clash between the forces of relative civility and civilization, and the barbarians clamoring at the gates. The Iraq war is merely another battle in this ancient and never-ending war. Now, for the first time ever, the barbarians are about to get nuclear weapons unless WE prevent them. &lt;br /&gt;
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The Iraq war is expensive, and uncertain, yes. But the consequences of not fighting and winning it will be horrifically greater. The history of the world is the history of civilization clashes - cultural clashes. All wars are about ideas. Ideas about what society and civilization should be like. The most determined always win. Those who are willing to be the most ruthless win. The pacifists always lose, because the anti-pacifists kill them. &lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Today, in Iraq, the stakes are high . . . a world dominated by representative governments with civil rights, human rights, and personal freedoms . . . or a world dominated by the radical Islamic Wahhabi movement, by the Jihadist under the Mullahs and the Sharia&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. The Liberal mentality is supposed to favor human rights, civil rights, democracy, multiculturalism, diversity, etc. But if the Jihad wins, wherever the Jihad wins, it is the end of civil rights, human rights, democracy, multiculturalism, diversity, etc. Americans who oppose the liberation of Iraq are coming down on the side of their own worst enemy. If the Jihad wins, it will be the death of Liberalism. (end of quote)&lt;br /&gt;
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Senator [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]] said in a floor speech on October 10, 2002,&lt;br /&gt;
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{{Cquote|In the four years since the inspectors left, intelligence reports show that Saddam Hussein has worked to rebuild his chemical and biological weapons stock, his missile delivery capability, and his nuclear program. He has also given aid, comfort, and sanctuary to terrorists, including Al Qaeda members. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://clinton.senate.gov/speeches/iraq_101002.html October 10, 2002 Floor Speech of Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton on S.J. Res. 45, A Resolution to Authorize the Use of United States Armed Forces Against Iraq],  United States Senate, October 10, 2002. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
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==Liberation from Ba'athist tyranny==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Qwwqqe.jpg|thumb|right|An Iraqi Army unit prepares to board a Task Force Baghdad UH-60 Blackhawk helicopter for a counterinsurgency mission in Baghdad.]]&lt;br /&gt;
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After the decapitation of the Ba'athist leadership from the military under its command in April 2003, President Bush said in his address:&lt;br /&gt;
*Major combat operations in Iraq have ended. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;In the battle of Iraq, the United States and our allies have prevailed.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; (Applause.) And now our coalition is engaged in securing and reconstructing that country. [http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/05/20030501-15.html]&lt;br /&gt;
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Other comments from President Bush's May 1, 2003 speech &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/05/20030501-15.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; show that the context of these victory comments include warnings to Americans of an ongoing struggle to establish Iraqi democracy and counter the threat of terrorism. Quotes, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We have difficult work to do in Iraq. We're bringing order to parts of that country that remain dangerous.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; We're pursuing and finding leaders of the old regime, who will be held to account for their crimes. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We're helping to rebuild Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, where the dictator built palaces for himself, instead of hospitals and schools. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;And we will stand with the new leaders of Iraq as they establish a government of, by, and for the Iraqi people. The transition from dictatorship to democracy will take time, but it is worth every effort. Our coalition will stay until our work is done.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Then we will leave, and we will leave behind a free Iraq. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Our mission continues&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Al Qaeda is wounded, not destroyed. The scattered cells of the terrorist network still operate in many nations, and we know from daily intelligence that they continue to plot against free people. The proliferation of deadly weapons remains a serious danger. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The enemies of freedom are not idle, and neither are we.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Our government has taken unprecedented measures to defend the homeland. And we will continue to hunt down the enemy before he can strike. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The war on terror is not over; yet it is not endless.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; We do not know the day of final victory, but we have seen the turning of the tide. No act of the terrorists will change our purpose, or weaken our resolve, or alter their fate. Their cause is lost. Free nations will press on to victory.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://newsbusters.org/node/12386 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Many Iraqis welcomed the American invasion and overthrow of Saddam Hussein, and in the preceding months, showed optimism about their country's future. An &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;'American Enterprise'-'Wall Street Journal'-'Zogby'&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; poll in September 2003 found that &amp;quot;Seven out of 10 say they expect their country and their personal lives will be better five years from now. On both fronts, 32% say things will become much better.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.html?id=110003991 What Iraqis Really Think], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Furthermore, in a March 2004 poll of Iraqis, the BBC found that Iraqis have great hope in a stable, unified government for their country, with 80% of respondents favoring a centralized state ruled from Baghdad. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3514504.stm Survey finds hope in occupied Iraq]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  Since 2004, the unceasing violence by the insurgents has caused some people (mainly in the West) to refer to the ongoing strife as a 'civil war'. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20070301faessay86201/james-d-fearon/iraq-s-civil-war.html Iraq's Civil War], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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2007 - Four years into the war, the biggest poll since coalition troops entered Iraq on March 20, 2003 shows that by a majority of two to one, Iraqis prefer the current leadership to Saddam Hussein’s regime, regardless of the security crisis and a lack of public services. It also found a striking resilience and optimism among the inhabitants. The survey, published March 19, 2007, also reveals that contrary to the views of many western analysts, most Iraqis do not believe they are embroiled in a civil war; indeed, only 27% believed they were caught up in a civil war and 64% of the Iraqis still want to see a united Iraq under a central national government. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/iraq/article1530526.ece Resilient Iraqis ask what civil war?], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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ABC News (and USA Today) conducted a poll &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://abcnews.go.com/images/US/1033aIraqpoll.pdf PDF Iraq Poll], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;and found that 56 percent of Iraqis don't believe there is a “civil war,” and a British poll determined 61 percent don't believe they're in a civil war. The &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Times of London&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;'s summary of the poll: “Iraqis: life is getting better.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/iraq/article1530762.ece Iraqis: life is getting better], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; A version of the combined articles as posted by &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The Australian&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;: “It's better than Saddam, say hopeful Iraqis.” &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,21404747-2703,00.html It's better than Saddam, say hopeful Iraqis], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Bagpipe.jpg|right|thumb|400px|Proposed Baghdad reconstruction Plan]]&lt;br /&gt;
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==Insurgency==&lt;br /&gt;
Since the removal of Saddam, the United States has been caught in the middle of sectarian violence between [[Sunni]] Muslims and [[Shia]] Muslims. The Shia majority, notably the [[Jaysh Al-Madhi]], have began to attack American and other coalition troops even while the coalition has been protecting the Shia from Sunni attacks. Other Shia groups that have not attacked coalition forces have pursued their own factional aims while relying on the US to ensure Shia majority rule. To many if not most Sunnis, the US is viewed as the enemy because it supports Shia majority rule. As the Sunni interpret Muslim law, only Muslims may rule a Muslim state, and the Shia are considered heretics and thus not fit to lead the nation. Though a minority, the Sunni have traditionally ruled Iraq and view themselves entitled to continue the privilege of doing so.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Testimony of Edward N. Luttwak, Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate , Hearings on [http://www.csis.org/media/csis/congress/ts070123luttwak.pdf Securing America's Interest in Iraq], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==The Surge==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--[[Image:Cuncil.jpg|right|thumb|Iraqi governing council as of July 15, 2003]]--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--Hid picture, try to find a new one; half of them are probably dead.--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Since the new US-Iraqi offensive was launched in February 2007, anti-government forces have been put on the defensive in their former insurgent strong­hold of Anbar, Britain’s top general in Iraq said (March 2007). &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.ft.com/cms/s/b3fd545e-d70f-11db-b9d7-000b5df10621.html Iraq insurgents ‘on the defensive’], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The insurgency “didn’t do too well in Anbar . . . Their claims have failed to come to fruition,” he said, referring to the declaration by Islamic radicals that they had established a “caliphate”, or successorship, encompassing much of western Iraq. Lt Gen Lamb said that US and Iraqi forces were recruiting hundreds of police for the first time in towns in the Anbar region and that the forces were working together in shared combat outposts. While conceding that car bomb attacks In Baghdad and a surge of violence in neighboring Diyala had to be addressed, he said that US and Iraqi planners were learning to reduce the threat, establishing an outer cordon around the city as well as barriers, or “point defense” protection around key targets inside. The US military has reported cases in which car bombs have been stopped at checkpoints. In some cases the bombs detonated killing Iraqi security forces, but the casualties would arguably have been much greater had the blasts hit crowded commercial districts. General Lamb, who commanded British ground forces in Iraq in 2003 and 2004 said that multinational forces now had the benefit of four years of experience in fighting the insurgents.&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The increasing pressure from US forces with this Surge strategy has caused Sadr and his commanders flee to Iran&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; as &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The Guardian&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; reported Feb 15, 07, &amp;quot;Senior commanders of the Mehdi army, the militia loyal to the radical Shia cleric Moqtada al-Sadr, have been spirited away to Iran to avoid being targeted in the new security push in Baghdad, a high-level Iraqi official told the &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Guardian&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;. &amp;quot;Over the last three weeks, they [Iran] have taken away from Baghdad the first and second-tier military leaders of the Mehdi army,&amp;quot; he said. The aim of the Iranians was to &amp;quot;prevent the dismantling of the infrastructure of the Shia militias&amp;quot; in the Iraqi capital -- one of the chief aims of the United States-backed security drive. The chief US military spokesperson in Baghdad said the anti-Western cleric had fled to Iran. US forces were tracking him &amp;quot;very closely&amp;quot;, he said.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.mg.co.za/articlepage.aspx?area=/breaking_news/breaking_news__international_news/&amp;amp;articleid=299085 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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The Surge is showing signs as a solid strategy which is being used to good effect as Al Jazeera reports that the Baathist terrorists have begun to criticize Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda in their article &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Sunni group condemns Iraq al-Qaeda&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/A6EC4EAB-854C-4D2F-A922-754648CDED8D.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; where it states: &amp;quot;An influential Iraqi Sunni armed group has called on al-Qaeda in Iraq to “review” its behaviour in the country. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The Islamic Army in Iraq, believed to be the largest group of former Baathists and army officers fighting Iraqi and US forces&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, called on Osama bin Laden, the al-Qaeda leader, to take more responsibility for al-Qaeda in Iraq. “Killing Sunnis has become a legitimate target for them, especially rich ones. Either they pay them what they want or they kill them,” a statement from the group said. “They would kill any critic or whoever tries to show them their mistakes.” Sunni Arab officials have also urged what they call “the real resistance” to disown al-Qaeda and engage in talks with the government to end violence which has driven the country closer to an all-out civil war.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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Now, the increasing pressure appears to have caused an actual break in relations between terrorist groups as this April 12, 07 article states, quote, &amp;quot;One of Iraq's main armed groups has confirmed a split with al-Qaeda, according to a spokesman for the dissenting organisation. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Ibrahim al-Shammari told Al Jazeera on Thursday that the Islamic Army in Iraq had decided to disunite from al-Qaeda in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; after its members were threatened. &amp;quot;.. after Abu Musab al-Zarqawi died, the gap between us [and al-Qaeda] widened, because [they] started to target our members. They killed about 30 of our people, and we definitely don't recognise their establishment of an Islamic state - we consider it invalid.&amp;quot; The Islamic Army in Iraq is one of several nationalist groups which opposes hitting Iraqi civilians, but it has carried out high-profile attacks against multinational forces. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Al-Shammari said they would be willing to deal with the Americans if certain conditions are met.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Al-Shammari said that his group didn't consider US forces to be the main danger in Iraq. &amp;quot;There are two occupations: Iranian and American, and the Iranian one is more dangerous than American because Iran considers Iraq as a part of their country.&amp;quot; The Islamic Army in Iraq's statement comes after Iraq's president said the presidential office was in contact with five insurgent groups. Jalal Talabani said on Wednesday that the contacts mark an attempt to bring the groups into the mainstream political process. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.iraqupdates.com/p_articles.php/article/16414 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Additional progress was detailed in &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Corps Commander Highlights Progress in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;, Apr 13, 2007, where Army Lt. Gen. Raymond T. Odierno, the commander of Multinational Corps in Iraq said there has been &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;progress in the security situation in Baghdad&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Three of the five promised U.S. brigades are in place in the city, an additional three Iraqi brigade headquarters and 11 additional battalions have moved into Baghdad in support of the operation. Twenty-six joint security stations in Baghdad are manned by Iraqi army, Iraqi police and coalition forces, as are more than 21 combat outposts. &amp;quot;This continuous presence is making the Iraqi people feel safer and has greatly increased the amount of information provided to the Iraqi army, police and coalition forces by the public,&amp;quot; Odierno said. Sectarian murders have dropped in Baghdad, and some displaced families are returning to the city. In addition, coalition and Iraqi forces have doubled the number of arms caches found since the beginning of the operation two months ago. Security forces allow citizens to return to a more normal existence. &amp;quot;Across Baghdad, markets are being hardened with checkpoints and barriers, and merchants have returned to sell their produce,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;And Iraqis are busy shopping in the markets of Rusafa and Dura, and there are more projects such as these ... that will occur in the near future.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
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Positive changes are not limited to Baghdad, he said, they are also happening in Anbar province, where coalition and Iraqi security forces are working with local tribal leaders. &amp;quot;The people of al Anbar are fighting back and winning,&amp;quot; Odierno said. &amp;quot;They've effectively turned back the tide of al Qaeda, but there will be counterattacks by al Qaeda.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The general said there were nine attacks last week in Ramadi, the capital of Anbar province. &amp;quot;During the same week a year ago, there were over 84 attacks,&amp;quot; he said.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Odierno said he also sees promise in the northern part of Iraq. Coalition forces there have set up 33 U.S. police transition teams to build law enforcement capability in that region. Oil is flowing out of the Bayji refinery thanks to Iraqi security force efforts to protect distribution tankers. Progress continues in the country's south, as well. &amp;quot;In the south, Operation Black Eagle in Diwaniyah, conducted by joint Iraqi and coalition forces, uncovered a headquarters of a rogue element of Jaysh al-Mahdi, with a major weapons cache including materials for IED-making,&amp;quot; he said. Even the demonstrations called by radical cleric Muqtada al Sadr on April 9 to protest the U.S. presence in Iraq are a good sign, Odierno said. &amp;quot;This demonstration took place without incident,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;It is worth mentioning three points related to this demonstration. First, the government of Iraq allowed the demonstration to take place, unthinkable under the former regime. Second, the demonstrators waved Iraqi flags rather than black flags or pictures of ayatollahs. And third, the demonstrators numbered no more than 15,000, rather than the one million its organizers called for.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.blackanthem.com/News/International_21/Corps_Commander_Highlights_Progress_in_Iraq5809.shtml &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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That being said, anti-democratic and sectarian violence in the war, as expected and predicted by the Bush Administration, is continuing: a recent Al-Qaida attack at the Parliamentary cafeteria killed one, and on April 18 2007, a series of car bombs killed 131 Baghdad residents. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;US CENTCOM Press Release, [http://www.centcom.mil/sites/uscentcom2/Lists/Current%20Press%20Releases/DispForm.aspx?ID=4767 131 Dead, More Than 160 Wounded by Multiple Car Bomb Attacks in Baghdad Multi-National Division], Release Number: 07-01-03P, 4/18/2007. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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In the ABC article, &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Al-Qaida claims Iraq parliament attack&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;, the U.S. military &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;revised the death toll sharply downward to one dead in the the parliament suicide bombing&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;. Iraqi officials said the bomber was believed to have been a bodyguard for a Sunni lawmaker who was not among the casualties. Parliament officials said the victim was Mohammed Awad, a moderate Sunni lawmaker. Iraqi lawmakers gathered Friday in a rare - and defiant - session of parliament on the Muslim day of prayer. A red and white bouquet sat in Awad's place in the parliament chamber. Lawmakers took the podium one after another to denounce the bombing. One MP had his arm in sling and a woman lawmaker wore a neck brace. &amp;quot;The more they (terrorists) act, the more solid we become. When they take from us one martyr, we will offer more martyrs,&amp;quot; Vice President Adil Abdul-Mahdi said. &amp;quot;The more they target our unity, the stronger our unity becomes.&amp;quot; Iraqi parliament speaker Mahmoud al-Mashhadani said Friday's session was &amp;quot;a clear message to all the terrorists and all those who dare try to stop this (political) process, that we will sacrifice in order for it to continue.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://abclocal.go.com/wtvd/story?section=nation_world&amp;amp;id=5205895 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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At a news conference with Defense Secretary Robert Gates (reported Fri Apr 20, 2007), Iraqi Defense Minister Abdul-Qader al-Obaidi said the Iraqis are making progress in countering the insurgency. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Our need for support is getting less and less each day,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; al-Obaidi said. Gates said the U.S. troop buildup will continue at least until late summer. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;We need some time for things to work,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; he said. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Three of the five extra brigades Bush ordered into Iraq to stem violence have arrived. Officials want the rest in place by June, for a total of 160,000.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Soon after that, they will assess how much longer the higher troop level — about 30,000 more than before the buildup — will be needed. Since the troop buildup or &amp;quot;Surge&amp;quot; has not even been completed, it is not surprising that the premature and rash comments by Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid saying the war was already lost and the troop buildup was not stemming violence in Iraq were rejected by Gates. &amp;quot;I respectfully disagree,&amp;quot; Gates said when asked by a reporter about Reid's Thursday remarks. He assured al-Maliki that the U.S. continues to be committed to the Iraqi government and the Baghdad security plan, Gates said.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20070420/ap_on_re_mi_ea/gates_iraq &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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April 20, 2007 - Iraqi President Nouri al Malaki affirmed the indigenous Iraqi Assyrian Christians' right to have a Province of their own, which could be provided for under the Iraqi Constitution. Malaki was addressing questions concerning the minorities, many of whom are in neighboring countries, including an estimated nearly 500,000 Assyrian Christians. Additionally, Malaki said, &amp;quot;I think it is important to let the world know that things in our country are improving dramatically. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Our unemployment rate has gone from nearly 70 percent to now under 30 percent. Our most recent growth rate was 3 percent and we have seen, in particular as a result of the recent Baghdad program, a dramatic drop in so-called sectarian violence.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; What is particularly encouraging to me is the changes we have seen in our security forces and the trust from our people once again. We are finally seeing individual citizens provide information to our forces, which has changed the situation dramatically in rooting out those who are determined to ruin our country.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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Malaki stressed three key goals. National Reconciliation, Economic Development and Expanded Security as the way forward. &amp;quot;In spite of much information to the contrary, we are seeing a return to the Iraq we all once knew when we considered ourselves all Iraqis and not belonging to a particular sect or group,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;Recently we have brought back large numbers of former members of the Ba'ath Party who were not involved in any problems in the past and this has significantly helped to bring our people together. Economic development is taking place at a good rate. Part of the reason we are here is to encourage even more investment into our country. The monthly income of our people has gone from about $20 a month to now over $200. The dramatic rise in electrical use is one good sign that the economy is taking off. The stores are full.&amp;quot; Describing the current military situation as &amp;quot;moving from sectarian to outside interference,&amp;quot; Malaki stressed that the so called Baghdad Plan was working. &amp;quot;We are seeing a dramatic drop in the sectarian conflicts and see our major challenge as that from the outside including Al Quaida and remainders of the Ba'athist groups,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;In the end we will be able to take care of ourselves. Meanwhile, we need the help of our friends to stand against those who want to harm us.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.assistnews.net/Stories/2007/s07040107.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Gen. David Petraeus, the top U.S. commander in Iraq, said in a recent interview, that the increase of nearly 30,000 U.S. troops in the country had achieved &amp;quot;modest progress&amp;quot; but had also had setbacks such as a rise in suicide bombings and other problems. Petraeus also stated that he was uncertain whether his counterinsurgency strategy would be ultimately succeed, but he stated &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We have certainly pulled [Baghdad] neighborhoods back from the brink.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; Assessing the first two months of the U.S. and Iraqi plan to pacify the capital, senior American commanders -- including Petraeus; Adm. William Fallon, head of U.S. forces in the Middle East; Lt. Gen. Raymond Odierno, commander of military operations in Iraq; and top regional commanders -- see mixed results. Critical now, they said in interviews last week, is for Iraqi leaders to forge the political compromises needed for long-term stability. The deployment of additional troops in Baghdad is only 60 percent complete, and a major concern shared by U.S. military leaders is whether al-Maliki's government is capable of solidifying gains in security as well as making the crucial political compromises needed to achieve peace. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.delawareonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070423/NEWS/70422011&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==Iraq Strategy in Relation to the Global War on Terrorism==&lt;br /&gt;
As reported in the State Department's annual Country Reports on Terrorism &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/crt/2006/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; released April 30, 2007, there are &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;steep declines in terrorist attacks and murders in many regions of the globe&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Though terrorism has increased markedly in Iraq, aside from the Middle East (which does not include Afghanistan according to State), the number of terrorist attacks worldwide is down from a year ago by over 300 incidents. In other words, the Bush administration's idea that making Iraq the &amp;quot;central front in the war on terror&amp;quot; seems to be working. According to the State report, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;terrorism in South Asia is down by 10 percent from a year ago. In Europe, it's down 18 percent. In Central and South America, terrorism-related deaths are down 54 percent.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://newsbusters.org/node/12431 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==Opinion polls==&lt;br /&gt;
Iraqi opposition to the American presence, both politically and militarily, has gradually increased since 2003. A secret British Ministry of Defence poll conducted in late 2005 found that 82 percent of Iraqis were &amp;quot;strongly opposed&amp;quot; to the presence of Coalition soldiers in Iraq.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2005/10/23/wirq23.xml  Secret MoD poll: Iraqis support attacks on British troops], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The same poll found support for Iraqi rebels at 45%, rising to 65% in Maysan province, although a poll by the IRI in March 2006 found 78% of respondents answered that &amp;quot;violence is never acceptable&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.iri.org/mena/iraq/pdfs/2006-04-27-Iraq%20poll%20March%20March.ppt Downloadable PowerPoint], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
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Many discount these &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;secret&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; polls because they are biased in how the questions are asked (&amp;quot;Have you stopped beating your wife, yet?&amp;quot;) and normally have been taken in the areas which have large numbers of insurgent sympathizers in the population, such as Saddam's hometown of Tikrit. The polling numbers are not included or references as to how this &amp;quot;secret&amp;quot; poll was conducted in the above reference. The lack of open disclosure and the fact that it was used to discount the intelligence to that point which was quoted in the same article as the secret poll as, &amp;quot;The secret poll appears to contradict claims made by Gen Sir Mike Jackson, the Chief of the General Staff, who only days ago congratulated British soldiers for &amp;quot;supporting the Iraqi people in building a new and better Iraq&amp;quot;&amp;quot;.. leads critics to conclude that this is not a fair or accurate assessment of Iraqi opinion. Also, the article states, &amp;quot;The findings differ markedly from a survey carried out by the BBC in March 2004 in which the overwhelming consensus among the 2,500 Iraqis questioned was that life was good. More of those questioned supported the war than opposed it.&amp;quot; It also contradicts the optimism shown by the Iraqis in the polls taken (March 2007) quoted in the portion above &amp;quot;Iraqi Liberation.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
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Citing safety concerns and saying the following survey was done by &amp;quot;An Iraqi public opinion research firm with a &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;proven record&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; of conducting scientifically valid surveys&amp;quot; (How long have they been doing surveys - &amp;quot;proven record&amp;quot;? Did they do them for Saddam?) the following University of Maryland survey was also cloaked from public view or scrutiny. Again, detractors ask, &amp;quot;How was the question phrased which was answered by the Iraqi respondents?&amp;quot; (See the Conservapedia entry &amp;quot;Opinion Poll&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.conservapedia.com/Opinion_poll &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; for further elaboration on the importance of the phrasing of questions, etc.)&lt;br /&gt;
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A poll commissioned by the University of Maryland's Program on International Policy Attitudes in the autumn of 2006 found that Iraqi support for anti-Coalition violence had risen to 61%.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2006-09-27-iraqi-opinion_x.htm Poll: Iraqis support attacks on U.S. troops], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Similarly, a [[U.S. State Department]] poll conducted in 2006 found that &amp;quot;two-thirds of Iraqis in Baghdad favor an immediate withdrawal of U.S. troops&amp;quot;. Hundreds of thousands of Iraqi civilians have fled to neighboring [[Jordan]] and [[Syria]] since the 2003 invasion.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/Story/0,,1966333,00.html Warning over spiraling Iraq refugee crisis], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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The rather obvious result which is used to buoy this negative report (cited from the US State Department) that two-thirds of Iraqis would like their homeland free of foreign assistance is too vague a question as it does not answer the question of WHEN. The repeated requests to the UN by the Iraqi government for the coalition troops to remain in Iraq to help stabilize the country and the support of the people for the Iraqi government (and its policies, including keeping the US/coalition there) argue against the meaning of this being that the Iraqi people wish the US to simply leave with their mission unfinished.&lt;br /&gt;
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An Opinion Research Corporation poll was conducted in May of 2007. 34% of 1,028 adults polled supported the war in Iraq, while 65% opposed it.  1% were unsure.  The [[margin of error]] was plus or minus 3%.&lt;br /&gt;
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==Weapons of Mass Destruction==&lt;br /&gt;
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Although no large physical stock piles of weapons of mass destruction have been found in Iraq, the search is not over, and has yielded some results so far.  Only about one-third of 36 million captured pages have been examined by a linguist and a summary gist of the document prepared.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/duelfer.html Comprehensive Report of the Special Adviser to the DCI on Iraq’s WMD], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Many believe the physical WMDs that had been produced prior to the invasion were smuggled out of the country, possibly to [[Syria]], before the onset of the war.{{fact}}&lt;br /&gt;
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Saddam's General says they had WMD - As FrontPageMagazine.com reported in its article &amp;quot;Symposium: Iraq, WMDs and Troubling Revelations&amp;quot; on May 29th 2006 - &amp;quot;Just recently, Saddam Hussein's former southern regional commander, Gen. Al-Tikriti, gave the first videotaped testimony &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;confirming that Iraq had WMDs up to the American invasion in 2003 and that Russia helped remove them prior to the war.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; His testimony &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;confirms numerous other sources&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; that have pointed to Russia's secret alliance with Iraq and the co-ordinated moving of WMDs before the American liberation.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.frontpagemag.com/Articles/ReadArticle.asp?ID=22645 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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According to the Duelfer Report, Saddam used the Iraq Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (MHESR) through its universities and research programs to maintain, develop, and acquire expertise, to advance or preserve existent research projects and developments, and to procure goods prohibited by United Nations Security Council sanctions.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Duelfer Report, Vol. 1, Regime Finance and Procurement, p. 10 (pdf)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Additionally, concerning the 36 million captured pages of documentation, when it was put on the net for public translation, it was removed after they found quote, &amp;quot;detailed accounts of Iraq’s secret nuclear research before the 1991 Persian Gulf war. The documents, the experts say, constitute a basic guide to building an atom bomb.&amp;quot; As &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The New York Times&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; confirmed in their issue November 3, 2006, Saddam had complete plans for a Nuclear Weapon and was in the process of procuring parts when the US removed him. Quote: &amp;quot;nuclear experts who have viewed them say go beyond what is available elsewhere on the Internet and in other public forums. For instance, the papers give detailed information on how to build nuclear firing circuits and triggering explosives, as well as the radioactive cores of atom bombs. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Experts say that at the time, Mr. Hussein’s scientists were on the verge of building an atom bomb, as little as a year away.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/03/world/middleeast/03documents.html?pagewanted=2&amp;amp;_r=1&amp;amp;ei=5094&amp;amp;en=1511d6b3da302d4f&amp;amp;hp&amp;amp;ex=1162530000&amp;amp;partner=homepage &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Additionally, tapes with Saddam speaking on them also surfaced and certain sinister remarks Saddam made on the tapes were translated which showed that he threatened to use WMD on Washington, DC. In the article , &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam Translator: ABC Reinterpreted Tapes&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; dated Feb. 17th 2006, the FBI translator who supplied the 12 hours of Saddam Hussein audiotapes excerpted by ABC's &amp;quot;Nightline&amp;quot; says the network discarded his translations and went with a less threatening version of the Iraqi dictator's comments. In the &amp;quot;Nightline&amp;quot; version of the 1996 recording, Saddam predicts that Washington, D.C., would be hit by terrorists. But he adds that Iraq would have nothing to do with the attack. Tierney says, however, that what Saddam actually said was much more sinister. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;He was discussing his intent to use chemical weapons against the United States and use proxies so it could not be traced back to Iraq,&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; he told Hannity. In a passage not used by &amp;quot;Nightline,&amp;quot; Tierney says Saddam declares: &amp;quot;Terrorism is coming. ... In the future there will be terrorism with weapons of mass destruction. What if we consider this technique, with smuggling?&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.newsmax.com/archives/ic/2006/2/17/125334.shtml &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Concerning additional tapes uncovered where Saddam is being briefed by his Son-in-law, Lieutenant General Hussein, ABC News reports his words to Saddam Hussein: &amp;quot;Sir, I would not be speaking so openly if it were not for your excellency's and Mr. Tariq's clarification and statement that we produced biological weapons. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We did not reveal all that we have. Secondly, they don't know about our work in the domain of missiles.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; With regard to the issue of the chemical, sir, ... &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;In the chemical, sir, they have a problem far bigger than the biological&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, bigger than the biological. Not the type of the weapons, not the volume of the materials we imported, not the volume of the production we told them about, not the volume of use. None of this was correct. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;They don't know any of this&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. We did not reveal the volume of the chemical weapons that we had produced. We did not reveal the type of the chemical weapons. We did not reveal the truth about the volume of the imported materials. In the nuclear, sir, in the biological, we also disagree with them. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;As for the nuclear, we say we have disclosed everything but no.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; We have undeclared problems in nuclear as well, and I believe that they know. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;There are teams working with no one knowing about some of them.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; I go back to the question of whether we should reveal everything or continue to be silent... I would say it is in our interest not to reveal. Not just out of fear of disclosing the technology we achieved, or &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;to hide it for future work&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;...  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://abcnews.go.com/Nightline/Investigation/story?id=1623307&amp;amp;page=1 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Another of the documents show that Saddam ordered suicide attacks on the US, which then, within a year, could have become nuclear. In the article &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam Ordered Suicide Attacks on U.S. Targets&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; dated April 6th 2006, it states, &amp;quot;A newly translated document from Saddam Hussein's intelligence files indicates that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;the Iraqi dictator ordered suicide attacks against U.S. targets six months before the 9/11 attacks.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.newsmax.com/archives/ic/2006/4/6/230437.shtml?s=lh &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Also, there was another document discovered proving that Saddam was intending to attack London in this article &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam was training terrorists for attacks in London&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; dated March 27th 2006 - &amp;quot;Among the documents released last week was a translation of a three-page Iraqi Intelligence memo regarding a wave of attacks to be conducted by the Saddam Fedayeen.According to those orders, the Fedayeen Saddam was &amp;quot;to start planning from now on to perform special operations (&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;assassinations/bombings) for&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; the centers and the traitor symbols in the fields of (&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;London&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;/Iran/self-ruled areas) and for coordination with the Intelligence service to secure deliveries, accommodations, and target guidance.&amp;quot;&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/012/024eyieu.asp &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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CNSNews.com reported that an Oct. 4, 2004, report by Cybercast News Service included 42 pages of Iraqi Intelligence Service memos that revealed &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam's purchase of mustard gas and anthrax as recently as the summer of 2000 and his extensive ties to al Qaeda.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Then in June, House Intelligence Committee Chairman Peter Hoekstra (R-Mich.) and U.S. Sen. Rick Santorum (R-Pa.) released declassified portions of an intelligence report that they said &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;confirmed Saddam's possession of weapons of mass destruction&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, including mustard gas. The report indicated that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;500 such weapons had been destroyed by the U.S.-led coalition since 2003&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; and that the U.S. and its allies were racing against terrorist groups in trying to control the remaining weapons in Iraq. &amp;quot;It is essential for the American people to understand that these weapons are in Iraq,&amp;quot; Santorum said during the news conference.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.cnsnews.com/ViewNation.asp?Page=/Nation/archive/200607/NAT20060725a.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;How many WMD means Saddam had some?&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; - Fox News reported on May 17th, 2004 that a roadside bomb containing &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;sarin nerve agent&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; was confirmed to have exploded near a U.S. military convoy, but the incident was downplayed along with the note that mustard gas had also been found. Quote, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;The Iraqi Survey Group confirmed today that a 155-millimeter artillery round containing sarin nerve agent had been found&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;,&amp;quot; Brig. Gen. Mark Kimmitt, the chief military spokesman in Iraq, told reporters in Baghdad. &amp;quot;The round had been rigged as an IED (improvised explosive device) which was discovered by a U.S. force convoy.&amp;quot; Bush administration officials told Fox News that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;mustard gas was also recently discovered&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,120137,00.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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Concluding that &amp;quot;the mustard gas was &amp;quot;stored improperly,&amp;quot; which made the gas &amp;quot;ineffective,&amp;quot;&amp;quot; these deadly agents were ignored and the view that WMD do not exist remains remains perpetuated. The same Fox News article notes, &amp;quot;They believe the mustard gas shell may have been one of 550 projectiles for which former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein failed to account when he made his weapons declaration shortly before Operation Iraqi Freedom began last year. Iraq also failed to then account for 450 aerial bombs with mustard gas. That, combined with the shells, totaled about 80 tons of unaccounted for mustard gas. It also appears some top Pentagon officials were surprised by the sarin news; they thought the matter was classified, administration officials told Fox News.&amp;quot;  &lt;br /&gt;
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ABC News reported on 7/1/2004 this article, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Polish troops find sarin warheads in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; which stated, &amp;quot;Polish troops have found two warheads in Iraq believed to contain a deadly nerve agent. The two warheads were found in early June in a bunker in the area controlled by Polish forces, and they &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;tested positive for cyclosarin&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, a substance many times stronger than sarin, the ministry said in a statement. Another dozen were found later in June. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/iraq/2004-07-01-poland-iraq-sarin_x.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; This finding was updated 2 days later as testing found that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;all sixteen rockets had initially showed traces of sarin&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, but were now &amp;quot;all empty and tested negative for any type of chemicals.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A24403-2004Jul2.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The article went on to state, &amp;quot;In January 2003, U.N. inspectors discovered a dozen old 122-millimeter &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;rockets that chief inspector Hans Blix described at the time as &amp;quot;designed to carry chemical weapons.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Iraq later turned up several more, and all were destroyed. Blix later said he was not sure whether Iraq mentioned them in the 12,000-page weapons declaration it submitted in December 2002. &lt;br /&gt;
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As for anthrax, on Jan 1st 2004, aim.org covered an article saying of Saddam's anthrax production capability, quote, &amp;quot;Investigative journalist Richard Miniter says there is evidence to indicate Saddam’s anthrax program was capable of producing the kind of anthrax that hit America shortly after 9/11. Miniter (said) that during November he interviewed &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;U.S. weapons inspector Dr. David Kay&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; in Baghdad and that he was &amp;quot;absolutely shocked and astonished&amp;quot; at the sophistication of the Iraqi program. Miniter said that Kay &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;told him that, &amp;quot;the Iraqis had developed new techniques for drying and milling anthrax—techniques that were superior to anything the United States or the old Soviet Union had.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; That would make the former regime of Saddam Hussein the most sophisticated manufacturer of anthrax in the world.&amp;quot;&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.aim.org/publications/media_monitor/2004/01/01.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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===Saddam's Links to Al Qaeda===&lt;br /&gt;
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BEFORE the United States went to war to depose the threat of Saddam to its Homeland, in March 2002 and February 2003, CIA Director George Tenet Testified that Iraq had clear ties to Al Qaeda. Coupled with the above statement by the NY Times article that they were only one year from a nuclear bomb and the sinister statements by the translator Tierney, along with the article about Saddam ordering preparation for suicide attacks on US targets before 911, the case for invading Iraq to secure the US from further destruction was both logical and justified.&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;In February 2003&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, CIA Director George Tenet Testified That Iraq Had Links To Al Qaeda. TENET: &amp;quot;Iraq is harboring senior members of a terrorist network led by Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, a close associate of al Qaeda. ... Iraq has in the past provided training in document forgery and bomb-making to al Qaeda. It has also provided training in poisons and gases to two al Qaeda associates. One of these associates characterized the relationship he forged with Iraqi officials as successful. ... I know that part of this - and part of this Zarqawi network in Baghdad are two dozen Egyptian Islamic jihad which is indistinguishable from al Qaeda - operatives who are aiding the Zarqawi network, and two senior planners who have been in Baghdad since last May. &lt;br /&gt;
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Now, whether there is a base or whether there is not a base, they are operating freely, supporting the Zarqawi network that is supporting the poisons network in Europe and around the world. So these people have been operating there. And, as you know - I don't want to recount everything that Secretary Powell said, but as you know a foreign service went to the Iraqis twice to talk to them about Zarqawi and were rebuffed. So &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;there is a presence in Baghdad that is beyond Zarqawi.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; (George Tenet, Select Committee On Intelligence, U.S. Senate, Hearing, 2/11/03) &lt;br /&gt;
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Tenet Testified That Iraq Was Providing Safe Haven To Al Qaeda. SEN. CARL LEVIN (D-MI): &amp;quot;Would you say, Mr. Tenet, that the Zarqawi terrorist network is under the control or sponsorship of the Iraqi government?&amp;quot; TENET: &amp;quot;I don't know that, sir, but &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;I know that there's a safe haven that's been provided to this network in Baghdad&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;.&amp;quot; LEVIN: &amp;quot;So you're not - well, you're saying that you don't know if they're under the support - that they are under the control or direction?&amp;quot; TENET: &amp;quot;Yes, sir. We have said - &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;what we've said is Zarqawi and this large number of operatives are in Baghdad&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. They say the environment is good. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;And it is inconceivable to us that the Iraqi intelligence service doesn't know that they live there or what they're doing.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; (George Tenet, Select Committee On Intelligence, U.S. Senate, Hearing, 2/11/03) &lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;In March 2002&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, Tenet Testified On Iraq's Links To Al Qaeda. TENET: &amp;quot;We continue to watch Iraq's involvement in terrorists' activities. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Baghdad has a long history of supporting terrorism, altering its targets to reflect changing priorities and goals. It is also had contacts with Al Qaeda&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;.&amp;quot; (George Tenet, Committee On Armed Services, U.S. Senate, Hearing, 3/19/02)&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2006/09/20060915-4.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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As mentioned above, CNSNews.com reported that an Oct. 4, 2004, report by Cybercast News Service included 42 pages of Iraqi Intelligence Service memos that revealed &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam's purchase of mustard gas and anthrax as recently as the summer of 2000 and his extensive ties to al Qaeda.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.cnsnews.com/ViewNation.asp?Page=/Nation/archive/200607/NAT20060725a.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==The Duelfer Report==&lt;br /&gt;
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In 2004, the [[Iraq Survey Group]], ISG, whose intelligence analysts are managed by Charles Duelfer, a former State Department official and deputy chief of the U.N.-led arms-inspection teams, released what has been called the [[Duelfer Report]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; https://www.cia.gov/cia/reports/iraq_wmd_2004/index.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The ISG found &amp;quot;hundreds of cases of activities that were prohibited&amp;quot; under U.N. Security Council resolutions, a senior administration official was quoted as saying. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=38213 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Both Duelfer and his predecessor, David Kay, reported to Congress that the evidence they had found on the ground in Iraq showed Saddam's regime was in &amp;quot;material violation&amp;quot; of U.N. Security Council Resolution 1441,&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; the last of 17 resolutions that promised &amp;quot;serious consequences&amp;quot; if Iraq did not make a complete disclosure of its weapons programs and dismantle them in a verifiable manner.  The United States cited Iraq's refusal to comply with these demands as one justification for going to war. &lt;br /&gt;
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When former weapons inspector Kay reported to Congress in January that the United States had found &amp;quot;no stockpiles&amp;quot; of forbidden weapons in Iraq, his conclusions made front-page news, as did Duelfer's similarly worded conclusion in his report. But when Kay detailed what the ISG had found in testimony before the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence,  few took notice. &lt;br /&gt;
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Both Duelfer and Kay found Iraq had &amp;quot;a clandestine network of laboratories and safe houses with equipment that was suitable to continuing its prohibited chemical- and biological-weapons [BW] programs,&amp;quot; the official said. &amp;quot;They found a prison laboratory where we suspect they tested biological weapons on human subjects.&amp;quot;  &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Reference strains&amp;quot; of a wide variety of biological-weapons agents were found beneath the sink in the home of a prominent Iraqi BW scientist&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. &amp;quot;We thought it was a big deal,&amp;quot; a senior administration official said. &amp;quot;But it has been written off [by the press] as a sort of 'starter set.'&amp;quot; They found equipment for &amp;quot;uranium-enrichment centrifuges&amp;quot; whose only plausible use was as part of a clandestine nuclear-weapons program. In all these cases, &amp;quot;Iraqi scientists had been told before the war not to declare their activities to the U.N. inspectors,&amp;quot; the official said. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In testimony before Congress on March 30, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Duelfer revealed the ISG had found evidence of a &amp;quot;crash program&amp;quot; to construct new plants capable of making chemical- and biological-warfare agents&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. The ISG also found a previously undeclared program to build a &amp;quot;high-speed rail gun,&amp;quot; a device apparently designed for testing nuclear-weapons materials. That came in addition to 500 tons of natural uranium stockpiled at Iraq's main declared nuclear site south of Baghdad.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How did this happen? According to the Duelfer Report, half of the picture rests with entities outside Iraq. Saddam was trying to end the UN sanctions to pursue his conventional, dual-use, and WMD-related programs. In Saddam’s efforts to influence United Nations Security Council  members - namely Russia, France, and China - to end sanctions, Saddam’s ordered the Iraq Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) to formulate and implement a strategy aimed at these Security Council members and international public opinion with the purpose of ending UN sanctions by diplomatic and economic means.  Saddam also made use of “Protocols” or government-to-government economic trade agreements to generate a large amount of revenue outside the purview of the UN.  His success emboldened Saddam to pursue his reconstitution efforts of conventional, dual-use, and WMD-related programs starting in 1997.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Duelfer Report, Vol. 1, Regime Finance and Procurement, p. 9 (pdf)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Quote: &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;By 2000-2001, Saddam had managed to mitigate many of the effects of sanctions and undermine their international support,&amp;quot; the (Duelfer) report said.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://washingtontimes.com/op-ed/20041007-092535-2936r.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Regime’s authorities devised front companies that had close relationships with foreign government officials who worked to procure illicit goods, services, and technologies for Iraq’s WMD-related, conventional arms, and/or dual-use goods programs. Saddam used the ''Mukhabarat'', or Iraqi Intelligence Servise (IIS) to  facilitate importation of UN sanctioned and dual-use goods through Syria, Jordan, Belarus, Turkey and others.  Numerous foreign trade intermediaries disguised illicit items, hid the identity of the end user, and/or changed the final destination of the item to move it to the region. For a cut of the profits they smuggled prohibited items to entry points along the Iraqi border.  Companies in Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey, UAE, and Yemen assisted Saddam with the acquisition of prohibited items through deceptive trade practices. In the case of Syria and Yemen, this included support from agencies or personnel within the government itself.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Regime intent===&lt;br /&gt;
The Iraqi Survey Group in interrogations of Ba'athist officials from the leadership of the intelligence and security services, and Qusay’s inner circle, undertook interviews of Ba'athists in custody.  Some detainees’ statements were made to minimize their culpability leading to potential prosecution. Detainees were very concerned about their fate and were not willing to implicate themselves in sensitive matters of interest such as WMD, in light of looming prosecutions. Debriefers noted the tendency to place blame or knowledge with individuals who were not in a position to contradict the detainee’s statements, such as deceased individuals or individuals who were not in custody or who had fled the country, or providing debriefers with previously known information. Some former high ranking officials, such as ‘Ali Hasan Al Majid Al Tikriti (Chemical ‘Ali), never gave substantial information, despite speaking colorfully and at length. Some obstructed all attempts to elicit information on WMD and illicit activities of the former Regime. Others, however, were keen to help clarify every issue, sometimes to the point of self-incrimination.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The ISG's key findings stated that Saddam never abandoned his intentions to resume a Chemiclal Weapons effort when sanctions were lifted&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Saddam and many Iraqis regarded Chemical Weapons  as a proven weapon against an enemy’s superior numerical strength, a weapon that had saved the nation at least once already—during the [[Iran-Iraq war]]— and contributed to deterring the Coalition in 1991 from advancing to Baghdad.  After 1991, Saddam did express his intent to retain the intellectual capital, or the know-how that was developed during the Iraqi Nuclear Program. Saddam indicated that he would develop the weapons necessary to counter any Iranian threat.  Starting around 1992, in a bid to retain the intellectual core of the former weapons program workers with know-how, Baghdad transferred many nuclear scientists to related jobs in the Military Industrial Commission (MIC). The work undertaken by these scientists at the MIC helped them maintain their weapons knowledge base. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The Regime prevented scientists from the former nuclear weapons program from leaving either their jobs or Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Moreover, in the late 1990s, personnel from both MIC and the IAEC received significant pay raises in a bid to retain them, and the Regime undertook new investments in university research in a bid to ensure that Iraq retained technical knowledge.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The way Iraq organized its chemical industry after the mid-1990s allowed it to conserve the knowledge-base needed to restart a CW program, conduct a modest amount of dual-use research, and partially recover from the decline of its production capability caused by the effects of the Gulf war and UN-sponsored destruction and sanctions. Iraq implemented a rigorous and formalized system of nationwide research and production of chemicals. The Regime employed a cadre of trained and experienced researchers, production managers, and weaponization experts from the former CW program. Iraq constructed a number of new plants starting in the mid-1990s that enhanced its chemical infrastructure.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;ISG judged, based on available chemicals, infrastructure, and scientist debriefings, that Iraq at OIF probably had a capability to produce large quantities of sulfur mustard within three to six months&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;.  A former nerve agent expert indicated that Iraq retained the capability to produce nerve agent in significant quantities within two years, given the import of required phosphorous precursors. However, we have no credible indications that Iraq acquired or attempted to acquire large quantities of these chemicals through its existing procurement networks for sanctioned items. In addition to new investment in its industry, Iraq was able to monitor the location and use of all existing dualuse process equipment. This provided Iraq the ability to rapidly reallocate key equipment for proscribed activities, if required by the Regime.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Iraq’s historical ability to implement simple solutions to weaponization challenges allowed Iraq to retain the capability to weaponize CW agent when the need arose.  Iraq could indigenously produce a range of conventional munitions, throughout the 1990s, many of which had previously been adapted for filling with CW agent. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Saddam’s Leadership Defense Plan consisted of a tactical doctrine taught to all Iraqi officers and included the concept of a “red-line” or last line of defense. Uday — head of the Fedayeen Saddam — attempted to obtain chemical weapons for use during OIF.  &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;ISG uncovered information that the Iraqi Intelligence Service (IIS) maintained throughout 1991 to 2003 a set of undeclared covert laboratories to research and test various chemicals and poisons&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, primarily for intelligence operations. The existence, function, and purpose of the laboratories of which were never declared to the UN. The IIS program included the use of human subjects for testing purposes. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The IIS provided the BW program with security and participated in biological research, probably for its own purposes, from the beginning of Iraq’s BW effort in the early 1970s until the final days of Saddam Husayn’s Regime. In 1991, Saddam Husayn regarded BW as an integral element of his arsenal of WMD weapons, and would have used it if the need arose. At a meeting of the Iraqi leadership immediately prior to the Gulf war in 1991, Saddam Husayn personally authorized the use of BW weapons against Israel, Saudi Arabia and US forces.  Saddam envisaged all-out use. For example, all Israeli cities were to be struck and all the BW weapons at his disposal were to be used. Saddam specified that the “many years” agents, presumably anthrax spores, were to be employed against his foes. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;ISG judged that Iraq’s actions between 1991 and 1996 demonstrate that the state intended to preserve its BW capability and return to a steady, methodical progress toward a mature BW program when and if the opportunity arose&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Misreporting the Duelfer Report===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The Washington Times&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; reported in their editorial titled &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Misreporting the Duelfer Report&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://washingtontimes.com/op-ed/20041007-092535-2936r.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; the day following its release, October 08, 2004, quote: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;Gotcha, Mr. President.&amp;quot; This was the consensus of the headlines from nearly every daily newspaper yesterday responding to the CIA's Iraq Survey Group report on Iraq's prewar weapons programs. Yes, the report found no &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;stockpiles&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq since the war began in March 2003. But &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;were these the findings that the report highlighted in the first line of its Key Findings summary? No.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;quot;Saddam [Hussein] so dominated the Iraqi Regime that its strategic intent was his alone,&amp;quot; the summary begins. &amp;quot;He wanted to end sanctions while preserving the capability to reconstitute his weapons of mass destruction (WMD) when sanctions were lifted.&amp;quot; This hardly sounds as if the Iraq Survey Group, headed by Charles A. Duelfer, thought Saddam was cooperating with the international community. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The article goes on to explain that Saddam was attempting to get the sanctions lifted, targeting the three members of the Security Council - France, China and Russia - and then he intended to use the Oil for Food program &amp;quot;to acquire foreign exchange both to further undermine sanctions and to provide the means to enhance dual-use infrastructure and potential WMD-related development.&amp;quot; Then notes, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;While the United Nations turned a blind eye, Saddam cheated and committed mass murder in an effort to achieve his goals. To suggest that &amp;quot;containment&amp;quot; could have been sustained without dire results verges on the delusional.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; There is a very pertinent lesson in the Duelfer report; too bad no one told the headline writers.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Threat Level Concern===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is worth noting the following concerning a current controversy about the level of threat Saddam posed. If you consider the terrorists as various minority factions all working toward the same goal, as stated by Mr. Kraft on this page when he says, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;there is &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;a very dangerous minority in Islam&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; that either has, or wants and may soon have, the ability to deliver small nuclear, biological, or chemical weapons almost anywhere in the world, unless &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;they&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; are prevented from doing so.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; It doesn't matter which of these factions would have been used to specifically target the civilized world in a nuclear or biological/chemical attack. Although recently the extent of Saddam's ties to one specific group (the Al-Qaeda terrorists) has been questioned and a recent article stated that &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;the Iraqi government and al-Qaeda figures had only limited contacts,&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; the same article goes on to say concerning Al-Qaeda that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;it lacked evidence of a long-term relationship &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;like the ones Iraq had forged with other terrorist groups.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/04/05/AR2007040502263.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Therefore, it is known that Saddam had forged long term relationships with known terrorist GROUPS (plural) and so it was not that there was no threat from any terrorists groups, just that the threat would have come from those OTHER terrorists as the threat to the collective security of the civilized world if the US hadn't taken out Saddam. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It also remains to be seen if the ties with Al-Qaeda would have remained &amp;quot;limited&amp;quot; if that group had stepped up and volunteered to take the completed nuclear weapons from Saddam (which he would have had within a year according to &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The New York Times&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; - see the WMD section, this page) into Washington and detonate them using sophisticated and existing sleeper cell suicide bombers as Saddam was contemplating. It appears likely that Saddam would have listened and handed them his stocks of nuclear, chemical or biological weapons by his statements (see Mr. Tierney's translation on this page). From his past actions, Saddam was an equal opportunity employer for all the terrorist groups.. including those they admit in this report with whom he had &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;quot;long-term relationships.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; As Mr. Kraft observes, it is many &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;quot;barbarian&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;s&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;quot; at our gates with sophisticated weapons of mass destruction for the first time, not only one group (Al-Qaeda.) It is global in scope, hence the reason for calling this a &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Global War on Terror&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; not a &amp;quot;War on Terror in Iraq.&amp;quot; As such, it is a fight for world supremacy, and the civilized world would do well not to ignore or minimize what the civilized world is fighting over.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Accusations of Cover-Ups===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
While both parties continue to squabble over the above documents and claims, quote, &amp;quot;Both Republicans and Democrats charged the other side was trying using the release of more information for its political purposes,&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=51952 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; there were others who claimed there were cover-ups happening to stop further evidence becoming public. A NYsun article states, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;A former special investigator for the Pentagon during the Iraq war said he found four sealed underground bunkers in southern Iraq that he is sure contain stocks of chemical and biological weapons.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; But when he asked American weapons inspectors to check out the sites, he was rebuffed. Between March and July 2003, Mr. Gaubatz was taken by (his) sources to four locations - three in and around Nasiriyah and one near the port of Umm Qasr, where he was shown underground concrete bunkers with the tunnels leading to them deliberately flooded. In each case, he was told the facilities contained stocks of biological and chemical weapons, along with missiles whose range exceeded that mandated under U.N. sanctions. But because the facilities were sealed off with concrete walls, in some cases up to 5 feet thick, he did not get inside. He filed reports with photographs, exact grid coordinates, and testimony from multiple sources. And then he waited for the Iraq Survey Group to come to the sites. &amp;quot;I have no doubts the sites were never exploited by ISG. We agents begged and begged for weeks and months to get ISG to respond to the sites with the proper equipment,&amp;quot; Mr. Gaubatz said in a telephone interview. &amp;quot;An adequate search would have required heavy equipment to uncover the concrete, and additional equipment to drain the water.&amp;quot; Mr. Gaubatz would not disclose the names of his Iraqi sources, but he said they were &amp;quot;highly credible&amp;quot; by his supervisors. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.nysun.com/article/27183?access=890075 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the exhaustive search for WMDs in Iraq, CNN has left all stones unturned - or have they? These are the words right out of the mouth of CNN reporter Jane Arraf &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.cjr.org/iraq/chapt1.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, quote: &amp;quot;And if you had a bureau there, like we did, and it was a known bureau and a known company like CNN was, it was a beacon for everybody. It was a beacon for Iraqis who believed they had stories. Iraqis would show up, there would be Iraqis lined up outside the door. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;There... would be the Iraqis who told you they had nuclear documents in their basement and would you like to come and look [laughter]. You know, there was almost that pang when you turned somebody away, [you were] thinking, “Damn, maybe this guy really does have nuclear weapons in his basement, but I don’t have time.” So you never really knew.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Costs==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
''(Needs more statistics)''&lt;br /&gt;
Since the war is not yet over, the total cost has yet to be tallied.  However, the [[Congressional Budget Office]] estimates that the war has, as of 3/12/2007, cost less than $400 Billion.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.newstatesman.com/200703120024 Iraq: the hidden cost of the war]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The National Priorities Project, though, indicates that the war costs some $195,000 '''per minute''', according to numbers based on Congressional appropriations, and the tally had reached $412.8 billion as of 3/30/2007.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://nationalpriorities.org/index.php?option=com_wrapper&amp;amp;Itemid=182&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Casualties==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Former U.S. Attorney General in the [[Johnson Administration]], [[Ramsey Clark]], wrote the UN Security Council on 29 July 29 2002 claiming UN sanctions , &amp;quot;are the direct cause of the very cruel deaths of more than a million people&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.radioislam.org/bush/act.htm Letter from Ramsey Clark to the U.N. Security Council members], 29 July 29 2002.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  A 1999 [[UNICEF]] Report stated that there were, at that time, 500,000 deaths of children under the age of five probably attributable to the U.N. sanctions. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.unicef.org/newsline/99pr29.htm  Iraq Surveys Show Humanitarian Emergency], (August 12, 1999).&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Coalition Troops&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
According to the US Department of Defense, over 3,400 U.S., and over 270 troops from coalition countries have died in the war.  Over 25,000 U.S. troops have been wounded in combat.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.defenselink.mil Department of Defense]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Enemy Casualties &amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Larry Schweikart, Professor of History at the University of Dayton, a military historian, has calculated that, &amp;quot;a low estimate is that we have removed from the order of battle about 210,000 on the low end to 360,000 on the high end. This is an entire generation of jihadists, and will, if nothing else, significantly feminize Muslim society.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://newsbyus.com/more.php?id=7673_0_1_0_M &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Civilian Casualties&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Estimates of civilian casualties vary.  According to Fox News, March 20, 2007, over 54,000 civilians have been killed in the war. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,259875,00.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  However, due to suicide bombings and other such activity, the fatalities caused by US/Coalition forces in action was only &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;31 percent&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; of the total number given according to CNN's report October 2006, which stated that the number of casualties was close to 655,000, &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/meast/10/11/iraq.deaths/ &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; down from 32 percent quoted by this Boston Globe report &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.countercurrents.org/iraq-jackson191205.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; dated December 19, 2005. In the Fox News study, that would mean &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;16,740&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; of the 54,000 casualties.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.state.gov/p/nea/rls/rpt/iraqstatus/c20699.htm Iraq Weekly Status Report] U.S. Department of State.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.centcom.mil/sites/uscentcom2/default.aspx CENTCOM] Home page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Wars]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Operation_Iraqi_Freedom&amp;diff=161442</id>
		<title>Talk:Operation Iraqi Freedom</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Operation_Iraqi_Freedom&amp;diff=161442"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T01:58:10Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Civilian Casualties */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;== Removal ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I have removed the line: &amp;quot;Under Muslim law, only Muslims may rule a Muslim state, and the Shia are considered heretics and thus not fit to lead the nation.&amp;quot; because it is simply untrue. I mean, the foremost example that comes to mind is that Indonesia - the world's most populous Muslim nation - elected a female Hindu at its prime minister not too long ago. &lt;br /&gt;
[[User:Accidents|Accidents]] 03:23, 16 March 2007 (PST)&lt;br /&gt;
:This addresses specifically Arab Sunni in Iraq, as the source document states.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:13, 16 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::Well, firstly, I mean, it isn't cited; the sentence after it links to somebody's testimony before some kind of Senate or Congress panel, but it isn't actually cited. The second problem is that it's simply untrue; as I pointed out, Indonesia - the largest Muslim country in the world - elected a female Hindu as its prime minister not long ago. A lot of Iraqis - most, perhaps - also have secular inclinations from living under Baathist rule for so long, so I think this claim really needs to be questioned. I mean, is it akin to somebody saying that Christians believe in stoning people who cheat on their wives, even though - in spite of what the Bible may say - Christians obviously do not believe in that?[[User:Accidents|Accidents]] 14:20, 16 March 2007 (PST)&lt;br /&gt;
:::The entire passage  is cited to Testimony of Edward N. Luttwak, Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate , Hearings on Securing America's Interest in Iraq, 23 January 2007. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::(a) Nowher does the source document discuss Indonesia; (b) this article is entitled &amp;quot;Iraq War&amp;quot;, not &amp;quot;Inodonesia&amp;quot;.  Context of the source document gives relevency.  Obviously, the source document was not reviewed before removing the proper citation.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:27, 16 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::Full context:&lt;br /&gt;
:::''As all know by now, for even moderately fundamentalist Sunnis, the Shia are disqualified from political power because under Muslim law only Muslims may rule a Muslim state--while the Shia for them are heretics. '''The Salafist subset among the fundamentalists notoriously goes beyond that, defining Shias as apostates, a capital offense in all orthodox interpretations of Muslim law'''.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:31, 16 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::Wow, you're not much of an expert on Islam are you? Salafists are a miniscule, radical minority with little to no support in Iraq, even among the Sunnis, who - being the progenitors of Iraqi Baathism - possess a historical tendency towards forms of secularism. The idea that one American's testimony to some other Americans that &amp;quot;under Muslim law only Muslims may rule a Muslim state&amp;quot; can be held as evidence in the face of mountains of evidence that this claim is totally untrue is utterly insane. I have to wonder: Are you trying to protray this honestly, or do you have a partisan agenda to push with this kind of disinformation?[[User:Accidents|Accidents]] 14:56, 16 March 2007 (PST)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Wow, (1) I never claimed to be an expert on Islam -- I cited a source.  (2) What evidence do you have the source, Luttwak, born in Italy &amp;amp; a former Israeli tank commander, holds US citizenship; (3) Why should that matter? (4) Please address issues; assigning motives in does little to further our agenda of writing this encyclopedia. [[User:RobS|RobS]] 18:05, 16 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::Sorry, I will try to remain civil and stick to discussing my problems with this passage. The point is, it's a patently untrue statement. As for person making the claims, do you honestly believe that a member of the IDF is a reliable source of information on Islam? I mean, by the sounds of it, he isn't a Muslim, and lives in a society that's in a perpetual state of war with Islamic neighbours and which discriminates against its Islamic members systemically. Is this really who we should be asking? Why not ask Muslims what Islam is about, just as we would ask Christians what Christianity is about? As I said, Indonesia - the world's largest Muslim country - elected a female Hindu not too long ago. The claim that Islamic law stipulates that Muslim countries must be ruled by Muslims is either untrue or misleading. I mean, as I said, the Holy Bible may claim that people should be stoned for cheating on their wives, but we all know that Christians don't stone people to death, and we'd be liars if we claimed that they did. This situation seems similar to me.[[User:Accidents|Accidents]] 16:36, 16 March 2007 (PST)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::::Thank you.  In edit conflict yesterday part of my response was ommitted.  I intended to include that the statement, ''The Salafist subset among the fundamentalists notoriously goes beyond that, defining Shias as apostates, a capital offense in all orthodox interpretations of Muslim law'' specifically does what you refer to, the context of all Islam. Mr. Luttwak needs no qualification, and if your not familiar with the source you may wish to check it out.  And I'd seriously encourage reading the Testimony which is among the first invited to appear before the newly Democratically controlled Senate Foreign Affairs Committee--for a reason.  Mr. Luttwak's testimony gives in detail where US policy was coming from, where it is right now, and where it is going.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::::This is a foreign policy discussion, and this article is not a forum for propaganda.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 11:42, 17 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::::::Right, it's not a forum for propaganda. So why are you pasting Zionist propaganda that's demonstrably untrue? The statement that &amp;quot;under Muslim law, only Muslims may rule a Muslim state&amp;quot; is a lie. That's what I'm saying. It needs to be removed because it simply is not true.[[User:Accidnets|Accidents]] 18:56, 17 March 2007 (PST)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::::::Ok, I clarified it a bit.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:25, 18 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Citations Needed ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The following statements are not documented, and so may not be reliable:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;2003 Iraq War (3/20/2003-) is presently the largest war operation in the world&amp;quot; - Is the Iraq War really the largest in the world? Where does this claim come from? There are conflicts in the Great Lakes region of Africa that probably dwarf it. &lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;The war is is crucial to the larger U.S. led War on Terrorism.&amp;quot; - Is this a documented fact, or a partisan talking-point? The American government certainly casts the Iraq War as related to some kind of &amp;quot;war on terrorism,&amp;quot; but seeing as how the war has actually escalated terrorism around the globe, is counter-terrorism really the Americans' objective in Iraq? Let's get critical here, people.&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;Most Iraqis welcomed the American invasion and overthrow of Saddam Hussein&amp;quot; - This needs to be linked to a poll or newspaper report that confirms it.&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;Among the Arab Shia majority, notably the Jaysh Al-Madhi, have began to attack American and other coalition troops even while the coalition has been protecting the Shia from Sunni attacks.&amp;quot; Is this really true? It seems to imply that the United States is acting as a neutral force in trying to prevent an Iraqi Civil War, which is also the American government's claims on the matter. But if that were the case, why would - to quote the USA Today poll linked as number 6 and 7 on the article - &amp;quot;Almost four in five Iraqis say the U.S. military force in Iraq provokes more violence than it prevents.&amp;quot; I mean, the U.S. invaded the country, and is engaged in combat against a popular rebellion; they're a belligerent, not peacekeepers. The wording here just seems off to me.&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;''&amp;quot;Some believe the physical WMDs that had been produced prior to the invasion were smuggled out of the country, possibly to Syria, before the onset of the war.&amp;quot; - This needs to be linked to a page in which somebody accuses Syria of harboring Iraq's WMD.''&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
This has now been done, Mar 2007.&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;Critics of the Administration insist Saddam Hussein had the country's stockpiles destroyed after the First Gulf War, and that Iraq was at least a decade away from producing more.&amp;quot; - This needs to be linked to a page which confirms that Iraq was &amp;quot;at least a decade away from producing more&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
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[[User:Accidents|Accidents]] 13:36, 15 March 2007 (PST)&lt;br /&gt;
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== General Discussion ==&lt;br /&gt;
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How about using a cite that doesn't require a $30.00 charge to view the article cited? [[User:Cracker|Cracker]]&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Cracker|talk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 17:08, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: sure, what have you got? I'll take a look as well. --[[User:Cgday|Cgday]] 17:13, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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For starters, how is the war in Iraq &amp;quot;the largest war operation in the world&amp;quot;? That claim isn't even cited, it's just lazily thrown out there with no substantiated evidence. Can whoever wrote that provide some citations for that claim, or remove it if none can be provided?&lt;br /&gt;
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Secondly, the Iraqi Body Count website is not &amp;quot;robust surveying techniques&amp;quot;; it's a collection of deaths reported by at least two Western news agencies, and the owners of that website acknowledge that their number is inevitably going to be far below what the actual death count is. Due to this, I've taken the liberty to introduce statistics from an actual academic study that was published in a peer-reviewed academic journal.&lt;br /&gt;
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I've also added an overview of the Iraqi Resistance, and its popularity in Iraq, with several citations to verify what I have written.&lt;br /&gt;
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--[[User:Accidents|Accidents]] 00:33, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Wow, there is some hard-core censorship occurring here. Everything I've added is true, and has been rightfully cited. Deleting the section on the Iraqi Resistance is straight censorship at its worst.&lt;br /&gt;
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I can understand disputes about the second Lancet study, as the numbers may be slightly off (either lower or higher) due to the fact that two of the sample zones were merged into 1 in several occasions for the sake of researcher safety on the ground. I think that criticizing that is absolutely valid, but at least acknowledge that the merged sample zones were similar in economic, social and level-of-violence aspects as well. Beyond that please provide your arguments and discuss them in here before simply changing the page. Thank you.&lt;br /&gt;
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--[[User:Accidents|Accidents]] 01:06, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I think there's a little more going on here than just some questions about figures and resistance.  I think you're trying to inject some liberal bias into this page on the struggle in Iraq.  No matter what way you slice it, that's inappropriate. [[User:Affirmlife|Affirmlife]] 04:12, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:And if User:Accidents had tried to inject some conservative bias into the article on the &amp;quot;struggle&amp;quot; in Iraq (surely a term that indicates a bias), would that have been objectionable, or is that OK?  Just trying to figure out the ground rules.[[User:McTavidge|McTavidge]] 06:46, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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How does providing -documented facts- about Iraqis' opposition to the occupation and support for the resistance/insurgency reflect &amp;quot;liberal bias&amp;quot;, unless you're referring to reality itself as suffering from a &amp;quot;liberal bias&amp;quot; (which seems to be the case)? The figures I provided are factual, and cited; you can check the source documents themselves if you want. I stand by all of the information I provided, and I think it's reliable. I'm interested in the truth, not &amp;quot;liberal bias&amp;quot;. If, in this case, truth doesn't conform to an &amp;quot;American conservative&amp;quot; viewpoint, it's probably your opinion that needs to shift, not mine.&lt;br /&gt;
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And if you have any complaints about the Lancet study, I'll gladly discuss that with you. I studied statistics at the university level, and read the entire report - and the methodology behind it - last year. Apart from the doubling-up of certain similar clusters, the math checks out. Feel free to reply with any of your complaints. I am reverting the page to my last edit.&lt;br /&gt;
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--[[User:Accidents|Accidents]] 01:22, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Here's the problem - we're here to state our bias, not to pretend that we're referring to ethereal, disconnected &amp;quot;facts&amp;quot; that are actually used only to bolster a particular argument.  Your argument has been made and it is both the dominant and the incorrect argument.  You're using the &amp;quot;reputable sources&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;methods&amp;quot; that have been so perverted over the course of the last fifty years.  Shaking the voodoo stick of &amp;quot;truth&amp;quot; doesn't alter the fact that what people call &amp;quot;truth&amp;quot; changes based on the perspective of the person who presents statements about a certain subject.  All voices are biased, and they need to state that bias.  I am a conservative.  This is an article for conservatives.  I'm reverting the article. [[User:Affirmlife|Affirmlife]] 12:19, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::[[User:Affirmlife|Affirmlife]], It's true that Iraqi opinion was optimistic in 2003/2004. I sure you can add a section on this, including your references, without obliterating the rest of the article. [[User:JamesK|JamesK]] 13:29, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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The degree of self-delusion and doublethink in Affirmlife's above paragraph is absolutely astounding. Facts are what is scientifically verifiable; for instance, the existence and subsequent extinction of the dodo bird is a documented fact, based on mountains of scientific evidence both that the species once existed and that it has since gone extinct. Just because some kook may argue that the dodo never existed does not mean that that person has a valid viewpoint, because there's no scientific evidence to support that view. Similarly, I have provided facts to this article, citing all of them. Two of the three polls that demonstrate the unpopularity of the occupation by Iraqis come from the occupying powers themselves - the British Ministry of Defence and the American State Department, neither of which is particularly renowned as being a source of &amp;quot;liberal bias,&amp;quot; but quite the opposite. I mean, if you know something that I don't know about the polls I'm citing, and have reason to believe that the results have been skewed somehow, feel free to share that and we'll discuss it. But as far as I can see, the mathematics and methodology of the polls cited is pretty standard, so I really don't understand why people insist on hiding these facts. I mean, if we want to educate people on the Iraq War (I do), pointing out the fact that 80+% of Iraqis oppose it seems pretty important to me.[[User:Accidents|Accidents]] 10:31, 14 March 2007 (PST)&lt;br /&gt;
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I added a reference to the bit about Iraqis fleeing the country, though a better one will certainly exist. Also, I can't find anything about a MoD Iraqi poll in the first link? [[User:JamesK|JamesK]] 05:24, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Accidents, while I sympathize with you on Affirmlife's editing issues, you shouldn't have wiped HIS sourced comments about initial support for the invasion. Those should be added back. --[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 13:30, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Done, re-inserted the Zogby poll.[[User:Accidents|Accidents]] 10:41, 14 March 2007 (PST)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Guys, all I'm trying to do here is remove the liberal bias.  This article is meant to give a more nuanced understanding of the Iraq War than that presented in the conventional liberal media.  I even responded in good faith to the proposition that instead of deleting liberally biased information outright, I replace it with sounder information that presents a more balanced perspective.  So if the goal here is to present an alternative view of the Iraq War, concisely, I think that my direction with the edits is much more appropriate.  And I think the goal here is to present that alternative view.  That's my bias.  Here's my question - what are yours? [[User:Affirmlife|Affirmlife]] 14:15, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Affirm, you are not &amp;quot;adding&amp;quot; your pieces to the article - you are whole-sale deleting and replacing pieces you do not personally like. If you look at the last version Accidents did, he incorporated your poll numbers into the article. You, obviously, did not reciprocate.&lt;br /&gt;
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::If you have a contrasting view, ADD it. Don't delete and replace sourced pieces simply b/c they conflict with your personal view of the war. --[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 14:19, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::But you've just done the very thing you accuse me of doing! What's your bias? Why do these liberal edits get privileged simply because they were first out of the gate? [[User:Affirmlife|Affirmlife]] 14:24, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::::Affirm, Accidents merged your poll data into the article. You simply removed his. Your edit has ad hominem attacks against people opposed to the war, you removed any opposing viewpoints, you removed any alternate casualty data. In other words, you delete what you don't like and replace it with your own stuff. &lt;br /&gt;
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:::::ADD your data. Quit wiping out other people's work simply b/c you personally don't like it. When you do that, I'll stop reverting the article.--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 14:31, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::Affirmlife, how do my contributions reflect a &amp;quot;liberal bias&amp;quot;? You have yet to explain this. I'm providing DOCUMENTED FACTS, and CITING THEM; you're deleting them and replacing them with undocumented statements that appear to be nothing more than conjecture. I don't understand your position here. I even included your initial Zogby poll and wrote that many Iraqis supported the invasion and overthrow of Saddam Hussein in 2003.[[User:Accidents|Accidents]] 11:27, 14 March 2007 (PST)&lt;br /&gt;
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This whole article should be trashed.  Huge pieces have been changed then changed back then changed again.  I see very little in the way of reliable information coming out of this article if people feel they must delete sections over and over again.&lt;br /&gt;
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== Bias ==&lt;br /&gt;
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''Folks, let's take this from a different perspective.  How about using an alternative viewpoint as a baseline rather than using an article rife with liberal cant as a baseline? Let's take my version as representing a 'conservative' perspective on the Iraq War (which I believe it does).  That's my purpose here, and I think that if you are all actually in good faith, you should be attempting to edit the article to hew more closely to a conservative perspective.''&lt;br /&gt;
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''If you want conventional, tired liberal wisdom, go check out Wikipedia.  We all need to get our thoughts together about this - what is the alternative, unexplored perspective? I don't think any of you would disagree that the framing language to the facts cited in either of the two article versions has a distinct perspective and view.  We need to accept that fact, not reject it.  The purpose of this article is to present a more nuanced, conservative perspective.  If you find that unacceptable, perhaps you should present your perspective on Wikipedia. [[User:Affirmlife|Affirmlife]] 14:47, 14 March 2007 (EDT)''&lt;br /&gt;
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::I don't think your version reflects a &amp;quot;conservative perspective&amp;quot; so much as it reflects baseless conjecture, claims that aren't cited, and the blatant suppression of documented facts that contradict your preferred political party's talking points on the matter. I mean, you make a statement as absurd as &amp;quot;less than 65,000 Iraqi civilians have died&amp;quot; without citing it. If you're citing the Iraqi Death Count website, you should probably remind yourself that even the people who run and own that site acknowledge that it is far below the actual death count, as it only includes deaths reported in at least 2 mainstream western newspapers. The Lancet study - as the language I used clearly explains - includes all excess deaths, not just violence, but including the proliferation of disease, malnutrition, etc that has occurred since the 2003 invasion. Unlike the website you seem to be citing, further, the Lancet study actually involved teams on the ground in Iraq, and if I'm not mistaken (correct me if I'm wrong on this) they received death certificates for 90% of the deaths they wished to confirm. As for the support for the Iraqi resistance/insurgency, the fact that you're suppressing that is nothing short of partisan censorship.[[User:Accidents|Accidents]] 11:55, 14 March 2007 (PST)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Oh, I don't know.  I think that there's more than enough reason to conclude that certain sources of information are selectively utilized or unutilized by people of different social and political perspectives.  My unanswered question is - '''why''' would you present this information in this way? Is the purpose of the article to be a web-based sabotage of the war effort, presented as a conservative perspective on the war? I don't think it should be. [[User:Affirmlife|Affirmlife]] 15:00, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I think the Bush administration is doing a FINE job of 'sabotaging the war' just by following their current [[stratergy]].  Even assuming that any criticism of governmental bungling IS, in some bizarre [[voodoo]] way, going to affect the outcome of the war for the worse, at this point, any nasty things said about their blunders on some webpage is the approximate equivalent of one extra drop of water in the middle of Noah's Flood. --[[User:Scrap|Scrap]] 01:49, 15 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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OK, I've done a bit of a re-write, trying to incorporate all the points that have been put in the previous versions. It's not perfect, but I hope it will help make some progress on this. [[User:JamesK|JamesK]] 15:17, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Thank you!  Looks much better now.&lt;br /&gt;
-Gasmonkey&lt;br /&gt;
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:JamesK and RobS, you did a fantastic job. This is exactly what I had in mind when I was suggesting it. Thank you very much. --[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 15:55, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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''Based on the view given above now in italics, why is it that if the articles cited are taken from a conservative point of view, and reference Conservative websites and viewpoints, that it is labelled in red at the top as being &amp;quot;biased&amp;quot; when the very slanted Liberal view is also biased and yet never challenged? Only Liberal viewpoints may prevail, even in a conservative encyclopedia? Conservapedia should allow another view on the war and not say it is biased to show a Conservative viewpoint simply because it is a Conservative viewpoint. The references ARE there, and anyone wishing to verify them can click on them. These are controversial issues and Conservapedia should be the voice for the other (non-Liberal) side, not censuring the Conservative viewpoint and reasoning, IMO. - Skies April 2, 2007.''&lt;br /&gt;
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:Thanks Skies, you've put a lot of hard effort into this article.  And we are carefully reviewing all the citations and references.  I suspect it may need a routine cleanup &amp;amp; some wikifying, and there are a few other things that may need inclusion eventually.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 20:07, 2 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== WMD ==&lt;br /&gt;
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''Only about one-third of 36 million pages have been examined by a linguist and a summary gist of the document prepared. [https://www.cia.gov/cia/reports/iraq_wmd_2004/scope.html]'''&lt;br /&gt;
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That statement and reference is more than 2 years out of date now. Unless there's a more recent reference it will have to be changed. [[User:JamesK|JamesK]] 15:51, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Psychic predictions==&lt;br /&gt;
This statement,&lt;br /&gt;
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''On-the-ground academic research in Iraq has determined that approximately 600,000 more Iraqis have died since March 2003 than would have otherwise died in that time frame if the war was not raging.[8]''&lt;br /&gt;
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even being cited to the New York Times means nothing.  Coulda Woulda Shoulda is not news, neither are psychic predictors of facts that never happened.  I seriously think this kinda junk needs to be kept out.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 18:40, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:LOL! Do you even understand how casualty studies are conducted, or how the math behind them functions? These aren't &amp;quot;psychic predictors of facts that never happened&amp;quot;. There's massive amounts of mathematics and science behind these studies; you can't publish something like that in a peer-reviewed journal like the Lancet without meeting rigorous scientific requirements to ensure reliable results. The study itself is available in PDF format if you Google it, so yuou can read it and take a look at the math behind it for yourself. Perhaps that will help allay your confusion.[[User:Accidents|Accidents]] 19:14, 14 March 2007 (PST)&lt;br /&gt;
:Here is a link to the study on the Lancet's website: http://www.thelancet.com/webfiles/images/journals/lancet/s0140673606694919.pdf If anybody has any questions about the methodology or mathematics involved, feel free to ask me and I will try to help you understand. I look forward to putting the Lancet study back into this article, because I see no serious reason to exclude it.[[User:Accidents|Accidents]] 19:18, 14 March 2007 (PST)&lt;br /&gt;
::(Edit conflict:I'll read the rest) Yes, I understand.  For example, Saddam only killed 250,000 over thirty years; so using the mathematical model we would have to divide 250,000 human lives by 30 and then add back the average for three years (2003 - 2006).  Makes perfect logical and scientific sense.  It doesn't preclude the possibility that Saddam may have awoke one morning and decided to go on a pogrom and slaughter 650,000 people in the space of three years, thus upsetting the model.  Nor does it consider that Saddam may have met an early demise and Uday or Qusay could have likewise gone on such a pogrom.&lt;br /&gt;
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::Point here is, this is junk science, beginning with the conclusion that if not for the Bush- Cheney-Rusmfeld cabal, 650,000 Iraqi's would be alive, i.e. laying the responsibility for murderers and terrorists at the US Admins feet (and yes, all that garbage previously was in the intro to this article before it was fixed with facts).  &lt;br /&gt;
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::This is History 101, &amp;quot;If Rommel had 4 more divisions, we'd all be speaking German today&amp;quot;.  But Rommel didn't have 4 more divisions, and we're not speaking German today.  It's the simple difference between historical facts, and speculation.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 22:23, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::And the historical fact is that there are a LOT of dead Iraqis, and since the USA is currently occupying the country, _we're_ Responsible.  --[[User:Scrap|Scrap]] 01:52, 15 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::By the sounds of it, neither of you is acknowledging that you understand the difference between casualty studies - which are considered reliable because they're applied with sound mathematical techniques - and baseless speculation. I mean, you're taking a peer-reviewed study and trying to discredit it on the grounds that you don't think science itself is reliable. Or at least that's what it sounds like to me. I mean there are reasons to attack the Lancet's methodology in Iraq - merging certain sample zones, for example - but dismissing it as &amp;quot;junk science&amp;quot; is simply ignorant.[[User:Accidents|Accidents]] 11:39, 14 March 2007 (PST)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Scrap: So the coalition is repsonsible for the death by &amp;quot;violence&amp;quot;, as the study refers to it, and murderers  and terrorist who commited those acts are not held responsible?  And there are several other moral issues that can be discussed regarding this.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:12, 15 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Accidents: While I have yet to get into the details of &amp;quot;method&amp;quot; comparing &amp;quot;casualty rates&amp;quot; prior to March of 2003, by what method were &amp;quot;casualty rates&amp;quot; by &amp;quot;violence&amp;quot;, i.e. those murdered by the regime over previous years considered the &amp;quot;norm&amp;quot;, or basis of this study?  But this is definitely '''not the starting point''' for reviewing this Study, and I shall outline the proper method of review if editors wish to waste their time any further with this stuff.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:12, 15 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::RobS, I appreciate the fact that even though I provided a direct link to the .pdf of the study itself, you were too lazy to read it and answer your own questions. It explains that - and this is a direct quote - &amp;quot;pre-invasion mortality rates were 5.5 per 1000 people per year&amp;quot;. There's also a graph, on the third page, exploring death rates under the pre-war sanctions are as well as under the post-war occupation era. Further, seeing as you obviously haven't read it, I can't help but wonder on what grounds you're even disagreeing with the study. Here's a guess: your partisan bias implores you to disagree with the study's results, because they don't make your current position on the issue look very good. If that's the case, I'd suggest you re-evaluate your own critical thinking abilities and challenge your own preconceptions for the sake of intellectual honesty.[[User:Accidents|Accidents]] 13:26, 15 March 2007 (PST)&lt;br /&gt;
::::Accidents, Thank you.  Please, cease with the personal attacks.  Indeed I have invested time in the Lancet study as you call it.  It has several ''primea facia'' difficulties.  I do not think we are ready to discuss methods or conclusions.  Perhaps, since you may feel strongly about this, begin with properly qualifying the report as to why anyone should pay anymore attention to it than has already been given.  Discussing method now is useless.  Please qualify the source properly.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 20:57, 15 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Criticisms==&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;The American left has been criticized for its objections to the execution of the war.&amp;quot;  What is the nature of the criticism?  Was it criticized for criticizing the war tactics because criticizing the Administration is somehow unacceptable? [[User:McTavidge|McTavidge]] 22:28, 14 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Of course it's unacceptable!  Don't you know that [[Dissent]] is [[Treason]]?  What did you think this was, some sort of &amp;quot;Democracy&amp;quot;?  Bush said there would be War, and its our job as Good Citizens to pay for it and die for it, and most importantly, to SHUT UP ABOUT IT. --[[User:Scrap|Scrap]] 01:54, 15 March 2007 (EDT) &amp;lt;/sarcasm&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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== Not-so-current affairs ==&lt;br /&gt;
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The last good news you could find from Iraq was in 2004? It's like you volunteer Propagandists For Bush aren't even ''trying'' any more.  I decided to update it a bit, but I bet it gers diverted or deleted ASAP. --[[User:Scrap|Scrap]] 02:50, 16 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Should Civilian Opinion Surveys be included here? ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Firstly they're going to be unreliable given the volitile circumstances over there, the language barrier, and the likelihood that they're going to be that truthful if they have a negative opinion of the US Occupation.  Secondly, its pretty ridiculous to argue that one poll where Iraqi's say they support the insurgency is invalid because of methods that the another poll seems to adopt, which finds the opposite conclusion, but is submitted without quantification.  Either way, they are opinions about opinions and hardly reflect the strict standards for fact that I'm sure the Conservapedia strives for.--[[User:RexMundane|RexMundane]] 17:51, 21 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:I would agree with this, and particularly if the so-called opinion survey's are non-indigenious, i.e.can be shown to have any relationship at all with the well known Western media opinion surveys's or other manufacturors of &amp;quot;public opinion.&amp;quot;  Western opinion surveyor's understand Western media and marketing, not Iraqi demographics.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 18:46, 21 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Opinion polls==&lt;br /&gt;
I count 7 or 19 references in this article are about opinion polls; why so many?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 21:35, 21 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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RobS -  I noted that the topic contained a LOT of opinion polls with one viewpoint. Rather than removing those biased entries, I refuted them with countering opinions, polls and documentation (such as articles.)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I'll state my concerns here.  Opinion polls, while interesting, do not define the facts of a situation.  Yes, they can be very influential in moving a situation, but they are not in and of themselves determinitive.  For example, a user in Wikipedia who is somewhat of an enthusiast on JFK assassination stuff presented an argument that essentially cited opinion polls from 1963 onwards regarding the Warren Commission Report and other investigations that showed 50%+ did not believe those reports.  This editors conclusion was the Warren Commission Report is untrue based upon the fact a majority of random samplings didn't beleive it.  An ''opinion poll'' was used to determine the ''truth'' that the JFK assassination was a conspiracy.&lt;br /&gt;
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:Another fear is this might make ABC News polls look good.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 21:19, 22 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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RobS; Since the vast majority of the population just takes poll numbers as gospel truth, the refute of the current mindset with other conflicting poll numbers shows that there is room for dissent on these points - that it is not settled public opinion on the matter. Since we are not discussing old events but a current one - unlike the 1960s JFK assassination - what people think about the matter truly does affect Homeland security and an encyclopedia should not be biased to one view. To let the poll result remain there, unchanged, without attempting to bring balance to the presentation seemed an incorrect approach. I had considered deleting the opinion poll entries in question and all references to polls entirely, but if you look at the page before my edits, you will see it leaves very little page to read. Also, I felt that since I just joined, to join and then start deleting other people's work would not show right attitude or character. I was seeking to help with balance and information, not to censor what was already there.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Cost of war = $9B? ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Since the war is not yet over, the total cost has yet to be tallied.  However, the [[Congressional Budget Office]] estimates that the war has, as of 3/12/2007, cost less than $400 Billion.[http://www.newstatesman.com/200703120024 Iraq: the hidden cost of the war] The numbers are highly debated, however, and other sources put the cost around $9 Billion.[http://costofwar.com/numbers.html Iraq War Cost Calculator Notes]&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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From the second referenced page, I cannot find anything that suggests that the cost is $9 billion.  Instead, I find pages that point to the total war allocations being $510 billion through fiscal 07 [http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/RL33110.pdf], and $318 billion for Iraq through fiscal 06 [http://www.cdi.org/program/document.cfm?DocumentID=3601&amp;amp;from_page=../index.cfm].  The first referenced page suggests that care of the wounded from Iraq over the next decade will be $2.5 ''trillion''.  I would suggest that people double check their information for the facts here. --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 15:38, 22 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:This is a good observation.  There is a difference between &amp;quot;cost&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;allocations&amp;quot;; out of pocket &amp;quot;costs&amp;quot; now vs Iraq's ability to hold a large balance of payments surplus, provide needed oil reserves to world markets, and pay for its own security in the future without being a threat to it's neighbors or dependent on international humanitarian aid programs is not considered or calculated in any of these formulas.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:15, 22 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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The person who owns this article is minimizing the perceived cost of the war by deleting information about non-fatal US casualties, 24,476 men and women with limbs blown off, brain damage, blindness, you name it. Many of these injuries would have resulted in the person going down as a K.I.A. in Vietnam, but with God's grace and modern medicine their lives were saved.  This is a far bigger mess than people realize. [[User:Teresita|Teresita]] 19:24, 8 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:OK, so this falls under the &amp;quot;coulda woulda shoulda&amp;quot; school of interpretive history.  Can you provide another cite other than Justin Raimondo for these stats or claims?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 20:55, 8 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Nope, I absolutely refuse to get into territorial dissing contests like this, I'm not even keeping this one on my watch list now, even though I've got months and months of blog posts on the war, going head to head with some very bright folks. [[User:Teresita|Teresita]] 07:31, 9 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Duelfer Report ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Okay this is getting insulting now.  The principal finding of the Duelfer report was that Saddam had no WMD or significant WMD production capabilities.  Yes it also found that he was endeavoring to get the means to get that potentially running again if the sanctions were removed, but the important thing is that he had no WMD and no significant capacity to produce them.  The fact that you're denying this isnt just biased, its insulting to anyone who's actually read the thing.  We didnt go to war with Saddam because he was gaming the Oil-for-Food program, we went to war because he was supposed to have these WMDs.  It turns out he didnt.  Stop pretending otherwise.--[[User:RexMundane|RexMundane]] 18:00, 22 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:You mischaracterize what the Duelfer Report says; for one &amp;quot;report also found that Hussein's capacity to produce WMDs had deteriorated significantly since 1991&amp;quot;, whereas the Report states it was started up again in 1997.  Then, the repeated reference to &amp;quot;any remaining WMD-related programs were &amp;quot;not of a militarily significant capability.&amp;quot;  What? So the coalition was supposed to ''wait'' until Saddam had an operational capability?&lt;br /&gt;
:There was much similar discussion in the 9/11 Report; how having all this knowledge, why didn't they act beforehand to avert such a disaster, etc. etc. etc.   [[User:RobS|RobS]] 18:10, 22 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::9/11 is inconsequential to the discussion and its pathetically disingenuous for you to bring it up, though I notice theres a new section about it that quotes Tenet without attmepting to substantiate his claims that even though Osama actively wanted Saddam dead, they were working in joyous collusion.  Three cheers for dedication to objective unbiased facts, eh?  Although considering I got banned for saying that George W Bush was born in Connecticut and Massachusetts has a relatively low tax rate, its hardly surprising here.&lt;br /&gt;
::As far as waiting until Saddam had an operational capacity, given that a necessary condition was removal of the sanctions it can easily be argued that maintaining them would be key to minimizing whatever threat he would ever pose.  However, this too is inconsequential to the discussion.&lt;br /&gt;
::The existing entry on the Duelfer report contains information that exclusively backs up the patently false claim that Saddam posed an existing or even potential nuclear threat to the United States, which goes against the principal finding of the report itself.  Objective, bipartisan analysts concluded that there were existing stockpiles or functional capacity to produce them, and that was the key finding of the report.  That the entry on the report should quote it so selectively as to support the purely anecdotal argument that the opposite is true is Intellectual Dishonesty writ large.  &lt;br /&gt;
::You want to quote a dozen people who said there were WMDs?  Be my guest.  You're certainly free to present that information in your vainglorious attempts to prove an untruth.  Lord knows if you all post enough things with exclamation marks and boldface youre bound to convince the sort of people that impresses.  However if youre going to use a report, any report, it is an insult to all intellectual endeavor to ignore the report's principal finding and quote selectively and suggestively to prove that same untruth.&lt;br /&gt;
::&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The report does have information that supports the WMD argument.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;  However the report's principal finding contradicts the core of the argument.  Stop pretending.--[[User:RexMundane|RexMundane]] 11:19, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
I think you should stop worshipping at the shrine of the Duelfer report, Rex. It isn't as though it is definitive for all time. It is one report. When it is raised to the status of the Holy Bible by you so that its findings are indisputable, it makes you sound like a religious &amp;quot;political&amp;quot; fanatic - set like stone in one very uninspired viewpoint. It is a REPORT.. done by fallible men who were trying to compromise so both parties could get along and make a statement which set aside their squabbling. It also could be characterized as a cop-out compromise for political expediency. You mention &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;The report does have information that supports the WMD argument,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; then discount the possibility in the very next breath. How objective is that viewpoint? You also dismiss all argument that there were any WMD. The sarin warheads discovered by the Polish troops and the Iraqi Survey group, those who were treated for injuries from the one which exploded in an IED (read the stories).. the finding of mustard gas bombs.. all don't matter? Look at the evidence. Don't just believe one report like it is your Bible. These are FACTS, not flights of fantasy. Set aside your political prejudice and try and look at the evidence. You might also note that the special investigator for the Pentagon stated of your vaunted Iraq Survey Group who made this report that he had heard of &amp;quot;facilities contained stocks of biological and chemical weapons, along with missiles whose range exceeded that mandated under U.N. sanctions&amp;quot; but the ISG had IGNORED that and not ever gone there, quote, &amp;quot;I have no doubts the sites were never exploited by ISG. We agents begged and begged for weeks and months to get ISG to respond..&amp;quot; How throrough does that make their report's findings then? How definitive?&lt;br /&gt;
:If youre trying to argue that the report is worthless then you're also arguing that it shouldnt be included here without that equivocation. The section currently brags about all the things that tangentially support the idea that Saddam could possibly have posed a nuclear threat, and that exclusively. You havent argued that this is representative of the report, so I assume you concede my point that it isnt. The article is claiming the report as a whole says something it clearly doesnt. If the report is relevant then the anti-WMD stuff needs to be mentioned. If, as you're arguing, its worthless, then it needs to be removed entirely. You cannot have it both ways.&lt;br /&gt;
:Also, keep up the belittling personal attacks, there Skies, really bolsters your argument. Good for you.&lt;br /&gt;
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Personal attacks.. like saying my contributions are &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;vainglorious attempts to prove an untruth&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;?? I was just replying in kind. A wise man once said, &amp;quot;Answer a fool according to his folly, lest he be wise in his own conceit.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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As for your saying that the report is worthless, it isn't. It just isn't definitive, as you were stating and trying to defend. The report is mentioned on the page, but I didn't post that section and so I cannot defend how it was stated. You say, &amp;quot;The article is claiming the report as a whole says something it clearly doesnt.&amp;quot; So, rather than personally attacking those of us who are contributing, what suggestions do you have as to how to modify the entry so that it reflects a more even, balanced and unbiased opinion? The report isn't worthless, it does have some validity (though when it selectively ignores people who plead for them to come and inspect, I do wonder at its veracity, don't you?). I am not arguing for its exclusion, only for it not to be seen as definitive and inspired beyond the pale of &amp;quot;regular&amp;quot; men.. men such as those you deprecate when you say the other information which is posted is only put there and highlighted to &amp;quot;convince the sort of people that impresses.&amp;quot; Like the information itself is untruthful and deceptive, perhaps? It is not, and your mockery was what caused the personal reply in kind you received. If you wish to remove it from being personal, why don't you try being civil and discussing methods of improving the information to make it unbiased in a way which refrains from deprecating my contributions.&lt;br /&gt;
:That anything here pretends at being &amp;quot;Unbiased&amp;quot; is hilarious. The point remains that the entry on the report itself contains no mention of its main conclusion. It is selectively quoted to prove a point that the report itself is at odds with. You dont want to present the fair view, the one where all the report's findings are discussed, only the ones that support a particular argument. The origional entry included information on all topics. It now included a set so small as to not be objective but argumentative. Anyone reading the article without already knowing what the report was would have no idea that it's principal finding is at odds with the WMD argument, and would instead think that it completely reaffirmed the WMD argument. Do you deny this?&lt;br /&gt;
Thank you for being rational and not personal in this post. I appreciate that. You say that conservapedia is &amp;quot;biased&amp;quot; toward conservative viewpoints.. well, it was called CONSERVApedia for a reason, wasn't it? I don't think people coming to this site expect to hear the Liberal viewpoint touted in every article as absolute truth. The site was created to bring out the conservative viewpoint which conservatives see as under-represented at other sites (and edited out at other sites, as well.) &lt;br /&gt;
Now, I could point out that the Liberapedia.. called Wikipedia is not without its flaws, either, quote: &amp;quot;The website Conservapedia.com has a long list of 41 allegations of bias and factual errors at Wikipedia. You can add to that the problem with the credentials of its staff. One of its editors, named only &amp;quot;Essjay&amp;quot; online and described on his user profile &amp;quot;as a tenured professor of religion at a private university with expertise in canon law,&amp;quot; was recently exposed as a 24-year-old college kid in Kentucky. He resigned in disgrace – even though Wikipedia tried to retain him, claiming he’d edited thousands of articles with flair. The Florida-based Wikimedia Foundation is aware of its website’s reputation. Board member Erik Moller was very frank in a recent essay. One of their ten things they wanted you to know about Wikipedia is &amp;quot;We don't want you to trust us. It's in the nature of an ever-changing work like Wikipedia that, while some articles are of the highest quality of scholarship, others are admittedly complete rubbish. We are fully aware of this.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://newsbusters.org/node/11549 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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I think the Conservapedia strives to be conservative in outlook but with a degree of trust concerning keeping the site as close as it can be to what is factual. Yes, there is a conservative viewpoint expressed in the articles, but that is expected. Do you expect to join the Republican party and then campaign for Democrat issues and viewpoints? You wouldn't get very far doing so, and you won't go far trying to bring non-conservative views out here. But just because a certain viewpoint is unapologetically set forth and adhered to, that does not mean that the articles are all trash or &amp;quot;hilarious&amp;quot; as you called it, and many of us appreciate the refreshing atmosphere where a conservative view is encouraged. You say, &amp;quot;The point remains that the entry on the report itself contains no mention of its main conclusion.&amp;quot; I shall work on the entry and note that their conclusion was that there are no huge stockpile of WMD in Iraq.. but with caveats because I do not see the point of quoting the report as &amp;quot;gospel truth&amp;quot; when so much of the rest of this entry refutes its conclusion as flawed and leave its conclusions open to disputation. &lt;br /&gt;
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As for presenting &amp;quot;all the report's findings&amp;quot;, this is an entry on Iraq War.. not on the Duelfer Report. They are not synonymous. It is not unfair to discuss only parts of the report rather than the entire thing. For further study the links are given. When you say, &amp;quot;Anyone reading the article without already knowing what the report was would have no idea that it's &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;principal finding&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; is at odds with the WMD argument, and would instead think that it completely reaffirmed the WMD argument.&amp;quot; I do doubt this conclusion. As stated now in the entry, the principle finding was not what the media spun it to be. QUOTE: &amp;quot; Yes, the report found no &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;stockpiles&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq since the war began in March 2003. But were these the findings that the report highlighted in the first line of its Key Findings summary? No.&amp;quot; I have noted how the debate has moved to another agenda and away from the central findings under the section &amp;quot;Misreporting the Duelfer Report.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
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As you know, almost everyone knows what the report was, and perhaps the original poster merely worked from the idea of already known facts and moved forward. It is easy not to state the obvious. As I said, this is not my contribution and I have not touched it, but I will now work to encorporate a mention that the WMD were seen by the report as not existing. I will, however, mention something to the effect that the servicemen who were treated for injuries from the exploding sarin IED bomb would think they did not have a hallucination, and that sarin is actually a WMD. Do you deny that point?&lt;br /&gt;
:Firstly, its generally incorrect to assume that anyone researching a subject already knows enough about it. Considering too that half the articles on this site are presented as &amp;quot;proof that everything you knew about Sally Fields' Hairstylist is a lie&amp;quot; its not difficult to see how someone thinking that the Duelfer report refuted major WMD claims that upon coming here they would reach the conclusion that it said nothing of the kind.&lt;br /&gt;
:Next, no I dont deny Sarin is a WMD as considered by the UN (and we know how much the UN is to be trusted) the same way I'm sure that you wont deny that, given that the shell predated the 1991 Gulf war that it doesnt prove Saddam had hidden stockpiles of chemical weapons.&lt;br /&gt;
:Also, I care what you're opinion on the Wikipedia is. I entirely do. No, seriously I actually do because the way youve described it is as something that presents facts at odds with conservative views, and that Conservapedia does not think it necessary to incorporate facts that challenge the opinions of Neo-cons. Instead of elaborating on subjects for the purpose of furthering discourse and strengthening everyone's ability to debate productively on such topics, lets just list all the things we like to think and ignore everything else. In the past six hours I've seen people misquoted, called on it, and ignored, Ive seen nonexistant chatroom transcripts mentioned to indict people, and Ive seen, and who is surprised, a desire to have a report correctly represented as blind devotion to the document as though it were a holy book to the pious. After all, why have intellectual discourse when we can pat ourselves on the back for agreeing with each other?--[[User:RexMundane|RexMundane]] 16:13, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
No, the wikipedia does not present facts at odds with conservative views. The edit all conservative views out, including the facts conservatives bring up. It is called Censorship. Ask any conservative news site or bloggers.. they try to post there and within minutes, all they post simply disappears. So when you accuse conservapedia of, &amp;quot;lets just list all the things we like to think and ignore everything else&amp;quot;, I think that is the pot calling the kettle black. I agree it is incorrect to assume people know what the reports are so I gave a little more background and expanded the section. AND I did mention that both Kay and Duelfer said that no huge stockpiles of WMD were found. I hope you approve (but I somehow think you will find fault.. ??) Just remember, it is all due to you. :)&lt;br /&gt;
:I personally wouldn't have phrased the central thesis of the report so tersely and dismissively, but I do thank you for at the very least including some mention of the core thrust of the report in the section intent on discussing it. &lt;br /&gt;
:And yes I know all about the 3vil wikipedia's bias, how they use CE, which has no christian basis, instead of AD, which given that most estimates put christs birth at around 5BC, also has no christian basis. And how they insist on providing explanations of how theres no legitimate causal relationship between abortions and breast cancer and alternative explanations of that correlation, oh how dare they try to be objective. Also, did you know that their entry on Ronald Reagan contains no mention of him being the resurrection of Christ, nor how he won the cold war by punching Gorbechev into the sun. The audacity.--[[User:RexMundane|RexMundane]] 17:17, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::''9/11 is inconsequential to the discussion ''&lt;br /&gt;
::No it's not.  Not as it relates to process, or how these reports are covered in the press or perceived by the public.  &amp;quot;Failure to contect the dots...&amp;quot;, Remember that one?  The Duelfer Report says things quite different than how it was being used here.  The Duelfer Report clearly states Saddam was pursing WMD programs, and it extensively details complicity with non-Iraqi companies, governments, NGOs, &amp;amp; individuals.  As the report said, Iraq is only half the story.&lt;br /&gt;
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::WMD does not singularly refer to (a) stockpiles, and/or (b) production facilities.  A simple illustration: when we says &amp;quot;United States Army&amp;quot;, we are not talking about tanks, guns &amp;amp; hardware, we are talking about persons employed in the enterprise.  Same is true about NASA; we are not talking about the end result of manufactured rockets and satellites, we are speaking about persons.  The same is true about NSA.  We are not talking about sophisticated communications technolgy, we are refering to the persons employed in the business.  When WMD programs were discussed in 2003 as one reason, among several reasons, for pursuing the object of regime change, nobody ever said it was just stockpiles and production facilities.  &lt;br /&gt;
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::Later on, partisan critics and journalists, for whatever reason, tried to make light of the popular misconceptions regarding what WMD programs are--and used this misinformation to invent mindless partisan arguements that serve no discernable purpose other than some domestic political agenda totally unrelated to US securtity needs.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:45, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Thanks for the interesting thoughts and contributions, RobS, appreciate it. Rex, I see you bring to the discussion on Iraq War a bunch of baggage from the other site about dates and previous administrations (Reagan), etc. I don't feel they merit any response when the topic is Iraq and that appears to be truly covered now. Thank you both for the discussion, Skies.&lt;br /&gt;
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== No Casus Belli? ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Is there some REASON we're not supposed to talk about how President Bush led us into war in Iraq? &lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
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:We should talk about it. But edits like [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Iraq_War&amp;amp;curid=8014&amp;amp;diff=72839&amp;amp;oldid=72151&amp;amp;rcid=75431 this] belong on the talk page - not in the body of the article. &lt;br /&gt;
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:When there are opposing views, shall we just enshrine one as The Truth? That will degrade trust, and that's the weakness of Wikipedia. It (1) says it won't take sides but (2) routinely takes sides. &lt;br /&gt;
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:I suggest we here acknowledge the existence of opposing views. It's ridiculously easy to detect them, when they are dimetrically opposed. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 14:23, 29 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::You oppose me adding a few FACTS to the article? My [http://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Iraq_War&amp;amp;curid=8014&amp;amp;diff=72839&amp;amp;oldid=72151&amp;amp;rcid=75431 edit] was nothing but documented truth and when I have more time, I will add more. This may be a conservative site, but truth knows not philosophical bounds. If you cannot accept the WHOLE story, do not read ANY of it - history is not YOURS to decide. - [[User:PKBear|PKBear]] 16:57, 29 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::&amp;quot;just enshrine one as The Truth&amp;quot; You realise that is horrendously hypocritical? By removing the edits which gave that point of view, you have merely left the original one by itself, enshrining '''it''' as truth. Don't accuse Wikipedia of taking sides when articles such as [[Theory of evolution|evolution]] exist. [[User:MatteeNeutra|MatteeNeutra]] 17:03, 29 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Cut from intro:&lt;br /&gt;
:Oddly enough, though, the Bush administration has also acknowledged that no ties existed between Saddam Hussein and al-Qaeda - a claim which had been used for years to justify the war.&lt;br /&gt;
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Got a source for this &amp;quot;acknowledgment&amp;quot;? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 23:14, 29 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Yes, but it's all on sites CONTAMINATED WITH HIDEOUS LIBERAL COOTIES, so I'm sure it'll all be rejected out of hand. &lt;br /&gt;
:http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A47812-2004Jun16.html&lt;br /&gt;
:http://www.antiwar.com/orig/leopold.php?articleid=1916&lt;br /&gt;
:http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/9/11_Commission_Report&lt;br /&gt;
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:On the other hand, Bush Said So, so it must be True: http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/09/20030917-7.html  (Whatever happened to that mistrust for government that the Right nurtured when the Evil One was President?  Did it all get shed like a burning coat on January 21th, 2001?)  --[[User:Sandbagger|Sandbagger]] 23:36, 29 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Of course it did. Intellectual honesty is for suckers...--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 16:08, 30 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==End of first phase==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Was did Bush's May 1, 2003 claim, of &amp;quot;Mission Accomplished,&amp;quot; really mean?&lt;br /&gt;
#That the US won the war - and that it is supposedly over&lt;br /&gt;
#That [[major combat operations]] had ended - and the war was in a (milder) new phase&lt;br /&gt;
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What do you think? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 23:45, 29 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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A &amp;quot;milder&amp;quot; phase? How in the name of all that's holy does something in a &amp;quot;milder&amp;quot; phase have an higher average death rate than the actual war itself? &lt;br /&gt;
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an accomplished mission is one that has gotten to a point that American men and women no longer come home in a box. Res Ipso Loquitor. [[User:Sevenstring|Sevenstring]] 23:52, 29 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Why do you Hate America(tm)? Don't you understand that REAL Patriots '''don't ask questions'''. --[[User:Sandbagger|Sandbagger]] 23:55, 29 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: It wasn't Bush's claim, I don't think. It was a military sign. The obvious meaning was that the USA won the Battle of Baghdad. It did not mean &amp;quot;war over&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;all problems solved&amp;quot;. The word &amp;quot;mission&amp;quot; doesn't mean the whole war, just an operation within the war. So I say that both of Ed's interpretations are wrong and contrary to plain english. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 23:59, 29 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:: I just reverts AmesG's change, because he overrode my edit and also inserted a silly and misleading comment about the &amp;quot;Mission Accomplished&amp;quot; sign. He is welcome to discuss it here. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 00:27, 30 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Thanks for clarifying that, and knocking down those two straw men I had put up. As a former military man, I followed the progress of the war as closely as I could from unclassified sources. Bush was praising the troops for destroying Iraqi sovereignty (or &amp;quot;toppling the dictatorship&amp;quot;). When the Iraqi troops took off their uniforms and went home, that was a victory of sorts.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::Nonetheless, one operation is not a war - and no victory has been achieved. The next phase is [[counter-insurgency]], which is not being done the way I would do it. But since I never even made Corporal (let alone an officer rank), it's probably not my place to criticize. Anyone can be an armchair quarterback. &lt;br /&gt;
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:::The conduct of the [[Iraq War]] will undoubtedly be an issue in the [[2008 US presidential election]]. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 09:19, 30 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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False premise.  (a) Bush never said &amp;quot;mission accomplished&amp;quot;; (b) no evidence Bush implied &amp;quot;mission accomplished&amp;quot; as to objective of regime change; (c) Tommy Franks explained that incident.  (d) This is just another gross lie Bush and Iraqi War critics complain about.  Now, if critics could find some valid basis other than provable, manufactured lies of this nature that there is over reliance upon, they could develope credibilty.  Til then, it's not worth the time responding to.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:08, 30 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: He may not have said it, but that was the message [http://www.cnn.com/2003/ALLPOLITICS/10/28/mission.accomplished/] --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 16:09, 30 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: What he ''did'' say can be read  - the opening was &amp;quot;Thank you all very much. Admiral Kelly, Captain Card, officers and sailors of the USS Abraham Lincoln, my fellow Americans: Major combat operations in Iraq have ended. In the battle of Iraq, the United States and our allies have prevailed.&amp;quot;[http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/05/20030501-15.html] --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 16:12, 30 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::(a) That is the point. Bush did not say it.  And rational, intelligent, logical analysis exposes the fraud of trying to make something out of it other than what the objective of the war is.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::(b) The War's objective, '''stated clearly''', is '''regime change'''.  Removing the old regime is not regime change.  Removing and replacing the old regime with a stable new regime, '''is regime change'''.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::(c) At the time that banner was hung, the old regime had been removed, but there wasn't even an interrim government established yet.  Thus, it is pure [[unadulterated]] [[fraud]] to imply that that doing half the job, i.e. only removing the old regime, and not finishing the job, i.e. replacing the old regime with a stable new regime, is accomplishing the objective of regime change.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:20, 30 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Whether Bush said it or not, he should NOT have stepped foot in front of that banner! What the incident amounts to is another moment of typical Bush machismo - &amp;quot;I'ma get everybody fired up about U.S. military might - nevermind that bin Laden is still alive and free, Hussein isn't in custody, American boys are still dyin', and I STILL haven't stood firm on a unified platform for war - WE WON!&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Face it, if Bill Clinton stood in front a banner saying &amp;quot;I hate Iowa&amp;quot;, Fox Noise would crucify him. wouldn't matter WHO put the banner there  or whether Clinton believed it - it'd be his fault for letting it stay up.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Now, in Bush's case he didn't only let the banner stay up, he went on to say '''&amp;quot;major combat operations...have ended&amp;quot;''' and '''&amp;quot;[we] have prevailed&amp;quot;''' - both blatant lies whose sole aim was to garner popular support for a very untimely war. - [[User:PKBear|PKBear]] 17:36, 30 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*'''''&amp;quot;major combat operations...have ended&amp;quot;''' and '''&amp;quot;[we] have prevailed&amp;quot;''' - both blatant lies ''&lt;br /&gt;
::Right.  Like we're going to use airstrikes from aircraft carriers to defend the Bagdad museum from looters. [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/2942449.stm] [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:50, 30 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I would suppose your logic makes sense, in that it's really George Washington and the Founding Fathers fault for the Iraqi mess, in that they failed to foresee that someday the Constitution they had written would lead to the election of George W. Bush, hence the threat to civiliaztion as we know it.  Yes indeed, you've convinced me.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 18:02, 30 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::You are being argumentative and childish in your remarks. I suggest you ask Gen. Petraeus or any of the 150k-odd soldiers, sailors, airmen, and Marines engaging in daily combat operations over there if they are not ''major''. And, as a matter of fact, we ARE still using airstrikes. I guess those are  just ''minor'' bombs being dropped, right?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::Oh, and just where in the world did the Founding Fathers comment come from? Are you even replying to the right conversation? In the abstract, GWB wouldn't make a bad President. His problem is, and always has been, that he's out of touch with reality and trying ever-so-hard to excel beyond some imaginary boundary set by his father (just my opinion, of course). He does what he wants, when he wants, and to whom he wants - and you're a traitor if you ask &amp;quot;why&amp;quot;. He does not appreciate that a successful society NEEDS people asking &amp;quot;why&amp;quot;. Absence of challenge leads to atrophy.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::Surely, 9/11 demanded action. The action required, though, was not against Iraq. Frankly, North Korea was far more deserving of action taken but Bush had his eye on Iraq even before the Towers came down. The focus of our energies should have stayed on al-Qaeda and bin Laden - yet he STILL RUNS FREE! '''And what does Bush say when confronted about bin Laden's location?''' &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::'''&amp;quot;I don't know where he is.  I  --  I'll repeat what I said.  I truly am not that concerned about him.&amp;quot;''' http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2002/03/20020313-8.html - [[User:PKBear|PKBear]] 19:09, 30 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::''as a matter of fact, we ARE still using airstrikes''&lt;br /&gt;
::::From day one the issue of &amp;quot;mission accomplished&amp;quot; implied that airstrikes off of aircarriers would have prevented looting and shoplifters.  Many critics have not engaged honestly in this debate, with the resultant damage to their own their credibilty.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 20:21, 30 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::On the bright side, we've had repeated assurances from Dick Cheney that the insurgency is in its death throes, on its last legs, and generally coughing up blood.  Too bad we've still got that one bombing a day that everyone focuses on.... --[[User:BDobbs|BDobbs]] 17:53, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Bob Parks ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This entire article (copy-pasted in near entirety) is pure conjecture from a site that proclaims it's opinion-based nature directly. Commandment 5 rules out use of this. I know it's tough for some of you, but opinion does not belong in an encyclopedia - even a right-slanted internet-o-pedia. - [[User:PKBear|PKBear]] 17:15, 30 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is an EXPERT opinion by Professor of History at the University of Dayton who is a military historian.. He was also consulted by the Whitehouse in the article.. it is not just anyone's opinion. AND I shortened it. It should be allowed in.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:''&amp;quot;He was also consulted by the Whitehouse in the article&amp;quot;''&lt;br /&gt;
:Considering how well this 'war's been going, I'm not sure that's much of an endorsement.  --[[User:BDobbs|BDobbs]] 23:22, 2 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== New Intro ==&lt;br /&gt;
What is going on here? The article should start by explaining who went to war, and why. [[User:RSchlafly|RSchlafly]] 01:43, 3 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:I'll bring that back; the sourcing for this article is extremely problematic.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:27, 3 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Civilian Casualties ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The way that this section is phrased makes it seem as though there is no real link between the liberation of Iraq and the number of liberated Iraqi civilians getting killed in homocide bombings, etc. This makes it seem like an attempt to keep the civilian casualty figure artificially low. Surely there's a little bit of intellectual dishonesty here. Iraqi Body Count has a fairly transparent methodology and provides low and high numbers of casualties in an effort to be as unpartisan as possible. Would that not be a better source than FOX News? [[User:Jacobin|Jacobin]] 12:42, 15 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I put in the IBC numbers three times, and each time they were removed.  I finally put in FOX because no one dares disagree with them.  [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 22:02, 15 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Okay, so why are the IBC numbers not allowed? [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 13:34, 16 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
''Discussion moved from User talk'' [http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:RobS#Iraq_Body_Count]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here is IBC methodological statement.Read it and tell me why their numbers don't belong in an encyclopedic article about the war but Fox News's numbers do.&lt;br /&gt;
 Thanks. 13:04, 16 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
Methodology:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Overview&lt;br /&gt;
Sources&lt;br /&gt;
Data Extraction&lt;br /&gt;
Data Storage&lt;br /&gt;
Publication of data (including conditions of use)&lt;br /&gt;
Limitations&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. Overview&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
      Casualty figures are derived from a comprehensive survey of online media reports and eyewitness accounts. Where these sources report differing figures, the range (a minimum and a maximum) are given. All results are independently reviewed and error-checked by at least two members of the Iraq Body Count project team in addition to the original compiler before publication.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. Sources&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
      Our sources include public domain newsgathering agencies with web access. A list of some core sources is given below. Further sources will be added provided they meet acceptable project standards (see below).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
      ABC - ABC News (USA)&lt;br /&gt;
      AFP - Agence France-Presse&lt;br /&gt;
      AP - Associated Press&lt;br /&gt;
      AWST - Aviation Week and Space Technology&lt;br /&gt;
      Al Jaz - Al Jazeera network&lt;br /&gt;
      BBC - British Broadcasting Corporation&lt;br /&gt;
      BG - Boston Globe&lt;br /&gt;
      Balt. Sun - The Baltimore Sun&lt;br /&gt;
      CT - Chicago Tribune&lt;br /&gt;
      CO - Commondreams.org&lt;br /&gt;
      CSM - Christian Science Monitor&lt;br /&gt;
      DPA - Deutsche Presse-Agentur&lt;br /&gt;
      FOX - Fox News&lt;br /&gt;
      GUA - The Guardian (London)&lt;br /&gt;
      HRW - Human Rights Watch&lt;br /&gt;
      HT - Hindustan Times&lt;br /&gt;
      ICRC - International Committ of the Red Cross&lt;br /&gt;
      IND - The Independent (London)&lt;br /&gt;
      IO - Intellnet.org&lt;br /&gt;
      JT - Jordan Times&lt;br /&gt;
      LAT - Los Angeles Times&lt;br /&gt;
      MEN - Middle East Newsline&lt;br /&gt;
      MEO - Middle East Online&lt;br /&gt;
      MER - Middle East Report&lt;br /&gt;
      MH - Miami Herald&lt;br /&gt;
      NT - Nando Times&lt;br /&gt;
      NYT - New York Times&lt;br /&gt;
      Reuters - (includes Reuters Alertnet)&lt;br /&gt;
      SABC - South African Broadcasting Corporation&lt;br /&gt;
      SMH - Sydney Morning Herald&lt;br /&gt;
      Sg.News - The Singapore News&lt;br /&gt;
      Tel- The Telegraph (London)&lt;br /&gt;
      Times - The Times (London)&lt;br /&gt;
      TOI - Times of India&lt;br /&gt;
      TS - Toronto Star&lt;br /&gt;
      UPI - United Press International&lt;br /&gt;
      WNN - World News Network&lt;br /&gt;
      WP - Washington Post&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
      For a source to be considered acceptable to this project it must comply with the following standards: (1) site updated at least daily; (2) all stories separately archived on the site, with a unique url (see Note 1 below); (3) source widely cited or referenced by other sources; (4) English Language site; (5) fully public (preferably free) web-access.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
      The project relies on the professional rigour of the approved reporting agencies. It is assumed that any agency that has attained a respected international status operates its own rigorous checks before publishing items (including, where possible, eye-witness and confidential sources). By requiring that two independent agencies publish a report before we are willing to add it to the count, we are premising our own count on the self-correcting nature of the increasingly inter-connected international media network.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
      Note 1. Some sites remove items after a given time period, change their urls, or place them in archives with inadequate search engines. For this reason it is project policy that urls of sources are NOT published on the iraqbodycount site.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
3. Data extraction&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
    Data extraction policy is based on 3 criteria, some of which work in opposite directions.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
         1. Sufficient information must be extracted to ensure that each incident is differentiated from proximate incidents with which it could be potentially confused.&lt;br /&gt;
         2. Economy of data extraction is required, for efficiency of both production and public scrutiny.&lt;br /&gt;
         3. Data extraction should be uniform, so that the same information is available for the vast majority of incidents. This is best guaranteed by restricting the number of items of information per incident to the core facts that most news reports tend to include.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
    The pragmatic tensions in the above have led to the decision to extract the following information only for each incident:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
        * Date of incident&lt;br /&gt;
        * Time of incident&lt;br /&gt;
        * Location of incident&lt;br /&gt;
        * Target as stated by military sources&lt;br /&gt;
        * Weapon (munitions or delivery vehicle)&lt;br /&gt;
        * Minimum civilian deaths (see Note 2)&lt;br /&gt;
        * Maximum civilian deaths (see Note 2)&lt;br /&gt;
        * Sources (at least two sources from the list in section 2 above)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
    Reliability of data extraction will be increased by ensuring that each data extraction is checked and signed off by two further independent scrutineers prior to publication, and all data entries will be kept under review should further details become available at a later date.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
    Note 2. Definitions of minimum and maximum&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
    Reports of numbers dead vary across sources. On-the-ground uncertainties and potential political bias can result in a range of figures reported for the same incident. To reflect this variation, each incident will be associated with a minimum and maximum reported number of deaths. No number will be entered into the count unless it meets the criteria in the following paragraphs. This conservative approach allows relative certainty about the minimum.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
    Maximum deaths. This is the highest number of civilian deaths published by at least two of our approved list of news media sources.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
    Minimum deaths. This is the same as the maximum, unless at least two of the listed news media sources publish a lower number. In this case, the lower number is entered as the minimum. The minimum can be zero if there is a report of &amp;quot;zero deaths&amp;quot; from two of our sources. &amp;quot;Unable to confirm any deaths&amp;quot; or similar wording (as in an official statement) does NOT amount to a report of zero, and will NOT lead to an entry of &amp;quot;0&amp;quot; in the minimum column.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
    As a further conservative measure, when the wording used in both reports refers to &amp;quot;people&amp;quot; instead of civilians, we will include the total figure as a maximum but enter &amp;quot;0&amp;quot; into the minimum column unless details are present clearly identifying some or all of the dead as civilian - in this case the number of identifiable civilians will be entered into the minimum column instead of &amp;quot;0&amp;quot;. The word &amp;quot;family&amp;quot; will be interpreted in this context as meaning 3 civilians. [Average Iraqi non-extended family size: 6. -CIA Factbook 2002.]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Read it already; and there is a problem with the organization &amp;quot;Iraqi Body Count&amp;quot;, not the least of which is the name of the organization to begin with.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:06, 16 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So the name's in poor taste - that's an ad hominem attack  - tell me what's wrong with their work. [[User:Jacobin|Jacobin]] 13:08, 16 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:We have to begin with the undignified name of the organization--shows little respect for the victims and families.  It appears to be extremely partisan in nature and insensitive to the deceased.  The alleged &amp;quot;humanitarian&amp;quot; image this organization is attempting to foist upon the public must be adequately explained by that organization, and no other.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:14, 16 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
 Again -do you know what &amp;quot;ad hominem&amp;quot; means? You keep talking about names and images - not about substantive questions concerning methodology. But in that spirit, the name &amp;quot;Iraq Body Count&amp;quot; arose from a response to a question anked of General Tommy Franks concerning civilian casualties. When asked for an estiamte, Franks replied &amp;quot;We don't do body counts.&amp;quot; There's your respect for vicitms and families. [[User:Jacobin|Jacobin]] 13:23, 16 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:The source must be properly qualified to be used becasue of the inherently serious and controversial nature of the claims.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:25, 16 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And these sources are not &amp;quot;properly qualified&amp;quot; as comparedd to Fox News or CNN?&lt;br /&gt;
 ABC - ABC News (USA)&lt;br /&gt;
     AFP - Agence France-Presse&lt;br /&gt;
     AP - Associated Press&lt;br /&gt;
     AWST - Aviation Week and Space Technology&lt;br /&gt;
     Al Jaz - Al Jazeera network&lt;br /&gt;
     BBC - British Broadcasting Corporation&lt;br /&gt;
     BG - Boston Globe&lt;br /&gt;
     Balt. Sun - The Baltimore Sun&lt;br /&gt;
     CT - Chicago Tribune&lt;br /&gt;
     CO - Commondreams.org&lt;br /&gt;
     CSM - Christian Science Monitor&lt;br /&gt;
     DPA - Deutsche Presse-Agentur&lt;br /&gt;
     FOX - Fox News&lt;br /&gt;
     GUA - The Guardian (London)&lt;br /&gt;
     HRW - Human Rights Watch&lt;br /&gt;
     HT - Hindustan Times&lt;br /&gt;
     ICRC - International Committ of the Red Cross&lt;br /&gt;
     IND - The Independent (London)&lt;br /&gt;
     IO - Intellnet.org&lt;br /&gt;
     JT - Jordan Times&lt;br /&gt;
     LAT - Los Angeles Times&lt;br /&gt;
     MEN - Middle East Newsline&lt;br /&gt;
     MEO - Middle East Online&lt;br /&gt;
     MER - Middle East Report&lt;br /&gt;
     MH - Miami Herald&lt;br /&gt;
     NT - Nando Times&lt;br /&gt;
     NYT - New York Times&lt;br /&gt;
     Reuters - (includes Reuters Alertnet)&lt;br /&gt;
     SABC - South African Broadcasting Corporation&lt;br /&gt;
     SMH - Sydney Morning Herald&lt;br /&gt;
     Sg.News - The Singapore News&lt;br /&gt;
     Tel- The Telegraph (London)&lt;br /&gt;
     Times - The Times (London)&lt;br /&gt;
     TOI - Times of India&lt;br /&gt;
     TS - Toronto Star&lt;br /&gt;
     UPI - United Press International&lt;br /&gt;
     WNN - World News Network&lt;br /&gt;
     WP - Washington Post&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I know I have no part in this conversation, but i think that Iraq body count is not credible at all.  It is just a bunch of Bush hating anti American activists [http://www.nationalreview.com/comment/spruiell200507260924.asp][[User:Bohdan|Bohdan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be that as it may, that doesn't mean their numbers are wrong.  I think people here aren't interested in some unpleasant truths about this war. [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 13:38, 16 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:The source must be qualified.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:42, 16 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:And how are they not?  No one seems to answer that. [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 13:49, 16 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::If you wish to use the source for such highly partisan and controversial claims, qualifying the source properly is for you to do, not for us to accept on good faith.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:56, 16 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One source out of 17 was the IBC.  How can you justify throwing the whole thing out because of that?  Where did FOX get its numbers from?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 21:58, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Block==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So is this article blocked forever?  The war's changing, even if Conservapedia never does. [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 13:16, 19 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Page is now unprotected.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:00, 19 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Needs work ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that over &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;/&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; of this article is between a pair of quotation marks. That doesn't constitute an encyclopedia article, it constitutes a quote dump with commentary. And how many of these quotes are valid? Just because somebody says it doesn't make it true. The facts about the operations, a timeline of the war, etc. need to be added. --&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#0000CC&amp;quot; face=&amp;quot;Comic Sans MS&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Hojimachong|'''Hojimachong''']]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;00FFAA&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Hojimachong|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 00:15, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:We have much good material.  Some could probably be spun out into supporting articles.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 00:56, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Operation_Iraqi_Freedom&amp;diff=161407</id>
		<title>Operation Iraqi Freedom</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Operation_Iraqi_Freedom&amp;diff=161407"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T01:32:23Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Casualties */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Operation Iraqi Freedom''' is largest of several active fronts in the ongoing [[War on Terrorism]]. Other fronts include [[Afghanistan]], [[Philippines]], and the [[Horn of Africa]]. Operation Iraqi Freedom began on 3 March 2003 with the removal of the [[Ba'athist]] regime of [[Saddam Hussein]] by a &amp;quot;coalition of the willing&amp;quot; led by the [[United States]] and allies including the [[United Kingdom]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://edition.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/11/20/prague.bush.nato/ Bush: Join 'coalition of willing'], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.  An interim government, Constitutional Assembly, and later an elected Parliament and Executive have assumed authority, however sectarian insurgent violence has hindered stability and reconstruction efforts by US contractors and the new government.  Iraq's new Constitution strictly limits the emergency powers of the Executive in dealing with civil strife--a post Saddam democratic reform.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Background to regime change==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the post-9/11 analysis to determine discontent in the Islamic world that had produced a flurry of dedicated suicide [[Jihad|jihadists]], the twelve year old UN imposed sanctions imposed upon Iraq and the resultant humanitarian crisis was one such often cited reason. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Chris Suellentrop, [http://slate.msn.com/id/1008414/ Are 1 Million Children Dying in Iraq?], Slate, Oct. 9, 2001.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Norman Bauman, [http://www.nasw.org/users/nbauman/wtc.htm Why they hate us: &amp;quot;Stopping cancer treatments will not topple a dictatorship&amp;quot;], 14 October 2001.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Michael Rubin, [http://meria.idc.ac.il/journal/2001/issue4/jv5n4a6.htm Sanctions on Iraq: A Valid Anti-American Grievance?], Middle East review of International Affairs, Volume 5, No. 4 - December 2001.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Matt Welch, [http://www.reason.com/news/show/28346.html The Politics of Dead Children: Have sanctions against Iraq murdered millions?], Reason Magazine, March 2002.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Alan W. Dowd, [http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0IBR/is_3_33/ai_109580224 Thirteen Years of Causes and Consequences for the Was in Iraq], Parameters,  Autumn, 2003.[http://www.ciaonet.org/special_section/iraq_review/pi_epy/pi_epy_02.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  After the Gulf War of 1991 the United States kept troops permanently stationed in Saudi Arabia to defend against an Iraqi invasion of the Kingdom.  In the findings of the the 9/11 Commission Report for example, in a section entitled, ''The Foundation of the New Terrorism'', referring to Osama bin Laden's motivations for his Declaration of War and attack on the United States, the Commission found this,&lt;br /&gt;
:He inveighed against the presence of U.S. troops in Saudi Arabia, the home of Islam’s holiest sites. He spoke of the suffering of the Iraqi people as a result of sanctions imposed after the Gulf War &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;9/11 Commission Report[http://www.gpoaccess.gov/911/pdf/sec2.pdf ''The Foundation of the New Terrorism'']&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Saddam had taken advantage of corruption in both the [[United Nations]] Secretariat and [[Security Council]] to revive the Iraqi economy after the 1991 [[Gulf War]] through the [[Oil for Food]] program, nevertheless few of the intended beneficiaries of these alleged UN humanitarian efforts saw the intended relief.  Meanwhile, Saddam kept intact the &amp;quot;intellectual capital&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;know-how&amp;quot; to revive [[Weapons of Mass Destruction]] programs which were credited with insuring the survival of the Ba'athist regime in both the 1980-1988 War with Iran, and preventing a US overthrow of the regime in 1991. As the 90s progressed and the millennium changed, Saddam's top priority was ending the sanctions, and then a full resumption of operational WMD programs. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://www.cia.gov/cia/reports/iraq_wmd_2004/Comp_Report_Key_Findings.pdf Regime Strategic Intent], Duelfer Report, 2004.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Senator [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]], addressing a gathering of the radical anti-war group [[Code Pink]] spoke from her own knowledge and experience,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Cquote|There is a very easy way for to prevent anyone from being put into harms way and that is for Saddam Hussein to disarm. And I have absolutely no belief that he will. I have to say that this is something that I have followed for a decade. If he were serious about disarming, he would have been much more forthcoming. There may be progress, we may be destroying his missiles, there is no accounting for the chemical and biological stocks. I just have to respectfully disagree what the proximate cause of any action that might be taken is. …For now nearly 20 years the principal reason why women and children in Iraq have suffered is because of his leadership.  His not only tyrannical and dictatorial leadership, but his reign of terror against women and children.  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.archive.org/details/HillaryClintonsviewsongoingtowarSaddamandWMDs Hillary Clinton's views on going to war, Saddam, and WMD]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  }}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Arguments for regime change==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The concern which has led to this front on the War on Terror was summarized by Raymond S. Kraft in his &amp;quot;Historical Review of the Iraq Situation&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://righttruth.typepad.com/right_truth/2006/03/historical_revi.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; He states, quote: &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;there is a very dangerous minority in Islam that either has, or wants and may soon have, the ability to deliver small nuclear, biological, or chemical weapons almost anywhere in the world, unless they are prevented from doing so&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. France, Germany, and Russia, have been selling them weapons technology as recently as 2002, as have North Korea, Syria, and Pakistan. These weapons were paid for with billions of dollars that Saddam Hussein skimmed from the &amp;quot;Oil For Food&amp;quot; program administered by the UN with the complicity of Kofi Annan and his son. &lt;br /&gt;
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The militant Muslim Jihadis believe that a radically conservative form of Wahhabi Islam, should own and control the Middle East first, then Europe, then the world; and that all who do not bow to Allah should be killed, enslaved, or subjugated. They want to finish the Holocaust, destroy Israel and purge the world of Jews. This is what they say.&lt;br /&gt;
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There is also &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;a civil war raging in the Middle East&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; - for the most part not a hot war, but a war of ideas. Islam is having its Inquisition and its Reformation today, but it is not yet known which will win - the Inquisition, or the Reformation. If the Inquisition wins, then the Wahhabis, the Jihadis, will control the Middle East and the OPEC oil. The US, European, and Asian economies, the techno-industrial economies, will be at the mercy of OPEC - not an OPEC dominated by the well-educated and rational Saudis of today, but an OPEC dominated by the Jihadis.&lt;br /&gt;
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If the Reformation movement wins, that is, the moderate Muslims who believe that Islam can respect and tolerate other religions and live in peace with the rest of the world, and move out of the 10th century into the 21st, then the troubles in the Middle East will eventually fade away. A moderate and prosperous Middle East will emerge.&amp;quot; (end of quote) &lt;br /&gt;
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What the West decided to do was help the Reformation side win. To do that the West had to fight the Inquisition, i.e., the Wahhabi movement, Al Qaeda and other Islamic terrorist movements. The battle had to happen somewhere, and since the West could not fight everywhere at once, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;the West chose to create a focal point for the battle, in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Mr Kraft went on to summarize what the West did and is doing which is important in Iraq, quote:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
(1) &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We deposed Saddam Hussein&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Whether Saddam Hussein was directly involved in 9/11 or not, it is undisputed that Saddam has been actively supporting the terrorist movement for decades. Saddam is or was a terrorist, a weapon of mass destruction, who is responsible for the deaths of probably more than a million Iraqis and two million Iranians. &lt;br /&gt;
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(2) &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We created a battle, a confrontation, a flash point, with Islamic terrorism in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. This has focused the battle. The ones killed there won't have to be killed here, or somewhere else. We have a good shot at creating a democratic, peaceful Iraq, which will be a catalyst for democratic change in the rest of the Middle East, and an outpost for a stabilizing American military presence in the Middle East for as long as it is needed. &lt;br /&gt;
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The Europeans could have done this, but they didn't, and they won't. We now know that rather than opposing the rise of the Jihadist, the French, Germans, and Russians were selling them arms - &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;we have found more than a million tons of weapons and munitions in Iraq. If Iraq was not a threat to anyone, why did Saddam have a million tons of weapons?&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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The bottom line here is that we will have to deal with Islamic terrorism until we defeat it (or are defeated by it), whenever that is. It will not go away on its own. The history of the world is the clash between the forces of relative civility and civilization, and the barbarians clamoring at the gates. The Iraq war is merely another battle in this ancient and never-ending war. Now, for the first time ever, the barbarians are about to get nuclear weapons unless WE prevent them. &lt;br /&gt;
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The Iraq war is expensive, and uncertain, yes. But the consequences of not fighting and winning it will be horrifically greater. The history of the world is the history of civilization clashes - cultural clashes. All wars are about ideas. Ideas about what society and civilization should be like. The most determined always win. Those who are willing to be the most ruthless win. The pacifists always lose, because the anti-pacifists kill them. &lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Today, in Iraq, the stakes are high . . . a world dominated by representative governments with civil rights, human rights, and personal freedoms . . . or a world dominated by the radical Islamic Wahhabi movement, by the Jihadist under the Mullahs and the Sharia&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. The Liberal mentality is supposed to favor human rights, civil rights, democracy, multiculturalism, diversity, etc. But if the Jihad wins, wherever the Jihad wins, it is the end of civil rights, human rights, democracy, multiculturalism, diversity, etc. Americans who oppose the liberation of Iraq are coming down on the side of their own worst enemy. If the Jihad wins, it will be the death of Liberalism. (end of quote)&lt;br /&gt;
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Senator [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]] said in a floor speech on October 10, 2002,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{{Cquote|In the four years since the inspectors left, intelligence reports show that Saddam Hussein has worked to rebuild his chemical and biological weapons stock, his missile delivery capability, and his nuclear program. He has also given aid, comfort, and sanctuary to terrorists, including Al Qaeda members. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://clinton.senate.gov/speeches/iraq_101002.html October 10, 2002 Floor Speech of Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton on S.J. Res. 45, A Resolution to Authorize the Use of United States Armed Forces Against Iraq],  United States Senate, October 10, 2002. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Liberation from Ba'athist tyranny==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Qwwqqe.jpg|thumb|right|An Iraqi Army unit prepares to board a Task Force Baghdad UH-60 Blackhawk helicopter for a counterinsurgency mission in Baghdad.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After the decapitation of the Ba'athist leadership from the military under its command in April 2003, President Bush said in his address:&lt;br /&gt;
*Major combat operations in Iraq have ended. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;In the battle of Iraq, the United States and our allies have prevailed.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; (Applause.) And now our coalition is engaged in securing and reconstructing that country. [http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/05/20030501-15.html]&lt;br /&gt;
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Other comments from President Bush's May 1, 2003 speech &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2003/05/20030501-15.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; show that the context of these victory comments include warnings to Americans of an ongoing struggle to establish Iraqi democracy and counter the threat of terrorism. Quotes, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We have difficult work to do in Iraq. We're bringing order to parts of that country that remain dangerous.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; We're pursuing and finding leaders of the old regime, who will be held to account for their crimes. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We're helping to rebuild Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, where the dictator built palaces for himself, instead of hospitals and schools. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;And we will stand with the new leaders of Iraq as they establish a government of, by, and for the Iraqi people. The transition from dictatorship to democracy will take time, but it is worth every effort. Our coalition will stay until our work is done.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Then we will leave, and we will leave behind a free Iraq. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Our mission continues&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Al Qaeda is wounded, not destroyed. The scattered cells of the terrorist network still operate in many nations, and we know from daily intelligence that they continue to plot against free people. The proliferation of deadly weapons remains a serious danger. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The enemies of freedom are not idle, and neither are we.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Our government has taken unprecedented measures to defend the homeland. And we will continue to hunt down the enemy before he can strike. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The war on terror is not over; yet it is not endless.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; We do not know the day of final victory, but we have seen the turning of the tide. No act of the terrorists will change our purpose, or weaken our resolve, or alter their fate. Their cause is lost. Free nations will press on to victory.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://newsbusters.org/node/12386 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Many Iraqis welcomed the American invasion and overthrow of Saddam Hussein, and in the preceding months, showed optimism about their country's future. An &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;'American Enterprise'-'Wall Street Journal'-'Zogby'&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; poll in September 2003 found that &amp;quot;Seven out of 10 say they expect their country and their personal lives will be better five years from now. On both fronts, 32% say things will become much better.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.opinionjournal.com/editorial/feature.html?id=110003991 What Iraqis Really Think], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Furthermore, in a March 2004 poll of Iraqis, the BBC found that Iraqis have great hope in a stable, unified government for their country, with 80% of respondents favoring a centralized state ruled from Baghdad. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3514504.stm Survey finds hope in occupied Iraq]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  Since 2004, the unceasing violence by the insurgents has caused some people (mainly in the West) to refer to the ongoing strife as a 'civil war'. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.foreignaffairs.org/20070301faessay86201/james-d-fearon/iraq-s-civil-war.html Iraq's Civil War], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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2007 - Four years into the war, the biggest poll since coalition troops entered Iraq on March 20, 2003 shows that by a majority of two to one, Iraqis prefer the current leadership to Saddam Hussein’s regime, regardless of the security crisis and a lack of public services. It also found a striking resilience and optimism among the inhabitants. The survey, published March 19, 2007, also reveals that contrary to the views of many western analysts, most Iraqis do not believe they are embroiled in a civil war; indeed, only 27% believed they were caught up in a civil war and 64% of the Iraqis still want to see a united Iraq under a central national government. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/iraq/article1530526.ece Resilient Iraqis ask what civil war?], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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ABC News (and USA Today) conducted a poll &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://abcnews.go.com/images/US/1033aIraqpoll.pdf PDF Iraq Poll], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;and found that 56 percent of Iraqis don't believe there is a “civil war,” and a British poll determined 61 percent don't believe they're in a civil war. The &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Times of London&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;'s summary of the poll: “Iraqis: life is getting better.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/iraq/article1530762.ece Iraqis: life is getting better], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; A version of the combined articles as posted by &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The Australian&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;: “It's better than Saddam, say hopeful Iraqis.” &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,21404747-2703,00.html It's better than Saddam, say hopeful Iraqis], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Bagpipe.jpg|right|thumb|400px|Proposed Baghdad reconstruction Plan]]&lt;br /&gt;
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==Insurgency==&lt;br /&gt;
Since the removal of Saddam, the United States has been caught in the middle of sectarian violence between [[Sunni]] Muslims and [[Shia]] Muslims. The Shia majority, notably the [[Jaysh Al-Madhi]], have began to attack American and other coalition troops even while the coalition has been protecting the Shia from Sunni attacks. Other Shia groups that have not attacked coalition forces have pursued their own factional aims while relying on the US to ensure Shia majority rule. To many if not most Sunnis, the US is viewed as the enemy because it supports Shia majority rule. As the Sunni interpret Muslim law, only Muslims may rule a Muslim state, and the Shia are considered heretics and thus not fit to lead the nation. Though a minority, the Sunni have traditionally ruled Iraq and view themselves entitled to continue the privilege of doing so.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Testimony of Edward N. Luttwak, Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate , Hearings on [http://www.csis.org/media/csis/congress/ts070123luttwak.pdf Securing America's Interest in Iraq], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Surge==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--[[Image:Cuncil.jpg|right|thumb|Iraqi governing council as of July 15, 2003]]--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--Hid picture, try to find a new one; half of them are probably dead.--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Since the new US-Iraqi offensive was launched in February 2007, anti-government forces have been put on the defensive in their former insurgent strong­hold of Anbar, Britain’s top general in Iraq said (March 2007). &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.ft.com/cms/s/b3fd545e-d70f-11db-b9d7-000b5df10621.html Iraq insurgents ‘on the defensive’], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The insurgency “didn’t do too well in Anbar . . . Their claims have failed to come to fruition,” he said, referring to the declaration by Islamic radicals that they had established a “caliphate”, or successorship, encompassing much of western Iraq. Lt Gen Lamb said that US and Iraqi forces were recruiting hundreds of police for the first time in towns in the Anbar region and that the forces were working together in shared combat outposts. While conceding that car bomb attacks In Baghdad and a surge of violence in neighboring Diyala had to be addressed, he said that US and Iraqi planners were learning to reduce the threat, establishing an outer cordon around the city as well as barriers, or “point defense” protection around key targets inside. The US military has reported cases in which car bombs have been stopped at checkpoints. In some cases the bombs detonated killing Iraqi security forces, but the casualties would arguably have been much greater had the blasts hit crowded commercial districts. General Lamb, who commanded British ground forces in Iraq in 2003 and 2004 said that multinational forces now had the benefit of four years of experience in fighting the insurgents.&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The increasing pressure from US forces with this Surge strategy has caused Sadr and his commanders flee to Iran&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; as &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The Guardian&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; reported Feb 15, 07, &amp;quot;Senior commanders of the Mehdi army, the militia loyal to the radical Shia cleric Moqtada al-Sadr, have been spirited away to Iran to avoid being targeted in the new security push in Baghdad, a high-level Iraqi official told the &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Guardian&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;. &amp;quot;Over the last three weeks, they [Iran] have taken away from Baghdad the first and second-tier military leaders of the Mehdi army,&amp;quot; he said. The aim of the Iranians was to &amp;quot;prevent the dismantling of the infrastructure of the Shia militias&amp;quot; in the Iraqi capital -- one of the chief aims of the United States-backed security drive. The chief US military spokesperson in Baghdad said the anti-Western cleric had fled to Iran. US forces were tracking him &amp;quot;very closely&amp;quot;, he said.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.mg.co.za/articlepage.aspx?area=/breaking_news/breaking_news__international_news/&amp;amp;articleid=299085 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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The Surge is showing signs as a solid strategy which is being used to good effect as Al Jazeera reports that the Baathist terrorists have begun to criticize Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda in their article &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Sunni group condemns Iraq al-Qaeda&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/A6EC4EAB-854C-4D2F-A922-754648CDED8D.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; where it states: &amp;quot;An influential Iraqi Sunni armed group has called on al-Qaeda in Iraq to “review” its behaviour in the country. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The Islamic Army in Iraq, believed to be the largest group of former Baathists and army officers fighting Iraqi and US forces&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, called on Osama bin Laden, the al-Qaeda leader, to take more responsibility for al-Qaeda in Iraq. “Killing Sunnis has become a legitimate target for them, especially rich ones. Either they pay them what they want or they kill them,” a statement from the group said. “They would kill any critic or whoever tries to show them their mistakes.” Sunni Arab officials have also urged what they call “the real resistance” to disown al-Qaeda and engage in talks with the government to end violence which has driven the country closer to an all-out civil war.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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Now, the increasing pressure appears to have caused an actual break in relations between terrorist groups as this April 12, 07 article states, quote, &amp;quot;One of Iraq's main armed groups has confirmed a split with al-Qaeda, according to a spokesman for the dissenting organisation. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Ibrahim al-Shammari told Al Jazeera on Thursday that the Islamic Army in Iraq had decided to disunite from al-Qaeda in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; after its members were threatened. &amp;quot;.. after Abu Musab al-Zarqawi died, the gap between us [and al-Qaeda] widened, because [they] started to target our members. They killed about 30 of our people, and we definitely don't recognise their establishment of an Islamic state - we consider it invalid.&amp;quot; The Islamic Army in Iraq is one of several nationalist groups which opposes hitting Iraqi civilians, but it has carried out high-profile attacks against multinational forces. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Al-Shammari said they would be willing to deal with the Americans if certain conditions are met.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Al-Shammari said that his group didn't consider US forces to be the main danger in Iraq. &amp;quot;There are two occupations: Iranian and American, and the Iranian one is more dangerous than American because Iran considers Iraq as a part of their country.&amp;quot; The Islamic Army in Iraq's statement comes after Iraq's president said the presidential office was in contact with five insurgent groups. Jalal Talabani said on Wednesday that the contacts mark an attempt to bring the groups into the mainstream political process. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.iraqupdates.com/p_articles.php/article/16414 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Additional progress was detailed in &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Corps Commander Highlights Progress in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;, Apr 13, 2007, where Army Lt. Gen. Raymond T. Odierno, the commander of Multinational Corps in Iraq said there has been &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;progress in the security situation in Baghdad&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Three of the five promised U.S. brigades are in place in the city, an additional three Iraqi brigade headquarters and 11 additional battalions have moved into Baghdad in support of the operation. Twenty-six joint security stations in Baghdad are manned by Iraqi army, Iraqi police and coalition forces, as are more than 21 combat outposts. &amp;quot;This continuous presence is making the Iraqi people feel safer and has greatly increased the amount of information provided to the Iraqi army, police and coalition forces by the public,&amp;quot; Odierno said. Sectarian murders have dropped in Baghdad, and some displaced families are returning to the city. In addition, coalition and Iraqi forces have doubled the number of arms caches found since the beginning of the operation two months ago. Security forces allow citizens to return to a more normal existence. &amp;quot;Across Baghdad, markets are being hardened with checkpoints and barriers, and merchants have returned to sell their produce,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;And Iraqis are busy shopping in the markets of Rusafa and Dura, and there are more projects such as these ... that will occur in the near future.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
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Positive changes are not limited to Baghdad, he said, they are also happening in Anbar province, where coalition and Iraqi security forces are working with local tribal leaders. &amp;quot;The people of al Anbar are fighting back and winning,&amp;quot; Odierno said. &amp;quot;They've effectively turned back the tide of al Qaeda, but there will be counterattacks by al Qaeda.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The general said there were nine attacks last week in Ramadi, the capital of Anbar province. &amp;quot;During the same week a year ago, there were over 84 attacks,&amp;quot; he said.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Odierno said he also sees promise in the northern part of Iraq. Coalition forces there have set up 33 U.S. police transition teams to build law enforcement capability in that region. Oil is flowing out of the Bayji refinery thanks to Iraqi security force efforts to protect distribution tankers. Progress continues in the country's south, as well. &amp;quot;In the south, Operation Black Eagle in Diwaniyah, conducted by joint Iraqi and coalition forces, uncovered a headquarters of a rogue element of Jaysh al-Mahdi, with a major weapons cache including materials for IED-making,&amp;quot; he said. Even the demonstrations called by radical cleric Muqtada al Sadr on April 9 to protest the U.S. presence in Iraq are a good sign, Odierno said. &amp;quot;This demonstration took place without incident,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;It is worth mentioning three points related to this demonstration. First, the government of Iraq allowed the demonstration to take place, unthinkable under the former regime. Second, the demonstrators waved Iraqi flags rather than black flags or pictures of ayatollahs. And third, the demonstrators numbered no more than 15,000, rather than the one million its organizers called for.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.blackanthem.com/News/International_21/Corps_Commander_Highlights_Progress_in_Iraq5809.shtml &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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That being said, anti-democratic and sectarian violence in the war, as expected and predicted by the Bush Administration, is continuing: a recent Al-Qaida attack at the Parliamentary cafeteria killed one, and on April 18 2007, a series of car bombs killed 131 Baghdad residents. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;US CENTCOM Press Release, [http://www.centcom.mil/sites/uscentcom2/Lists/Current%20Press%20Releases/DispForm.aspx?ID=4767 131 Dead, More Than 160 Wounded by Multiple Car Bomb Attacks in Baghdad Multi-National Division], Release Number: 07-01-03P, 4/18/2007. &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
In the ABC article, &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Al-Qaida claims Iraq parliament attack&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;, the U.S. military &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;revised the death toll sharply downward to one dead in the the parliament suicide bombing&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;. Iraqi officials said the bomber was believed to have been a bodyguard for a Sunni lawmaker who was not among the casualties. Parliament officials said the victim was Mohammed Awad, a moderate Sunni lawmaker. Iraqi lawmakers gathered Friday in a rare - and defiant - session of parliament on the Muslim day of prayer. A red and white bouquet sat in Awad's place in the parliament chamber. Lawmakers took the podium one after another to denounce the bombing. One MP had his arm in sling and a woman lawmaker wore a neck brace. &amp;quot;The more they (terrorists) act, the more solid we become. When they take from us one martyr, we will offer more martyrs,&amp;quot; Vice President Adil Abdul-Mahdi said. &amp;quot;The more they target our unity, the stronger our unity becomes.&amp;quot; Iraqi parliament speaker Mahmoud al-Mashhadani said Friday's session was &amp;quot;a clear message to all the terrorists and all those who dare try to stop this (political) process, that we will sacrifice in order for it to continue.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://abclocal.go.com/wtvd/story?section=nation_world&amp;amp;id=5205895 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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At a news conference with Defense Secretary Robert Gates (reported Fri Apr 20, 2007), Iraqi Defense Minister Abdul-Qader al-Obaidi said the Iraqis are making progress in countering the insurgency. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Our need for support is getting less and less each day,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; al-Obaidi said. Gates said the U.S. troop buildup will continue at least until late summer. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;We need some time for things to work,&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; he said. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Three of the five extra brigades Bush ordered into Iraq to stem violence have arrived. Officials want the rest in place by June, for a total of 160,000.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Soon after that, they will assess how much longer the higher troop level — about 30,000 more than before the buildup — will be needed. Since the troop buildup or &amp;quot;Surge&amp;quot; has not even been completed, it is not surprising that the premature and rash comments by Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid saying the war was already lost and the troop buildup was not stemming violence in Iraq were rejected by Gates. &amp;quot;I respectfully disagree,&amp;quot; Gates said when asked by a reporter about Reid's Thursday remarks. He assured al-Maliki that the U.S. continues to be committed to the Iraqi government and the Baghdad security plan, Gates said.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20070420/ap_on_re_mi_ea/gates_iraq &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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April 20, 2007 - Iraqi President Nouri al Malaki affirmed the indigenous Iraqi Assyrian Christians' right to have a Province of their own, which could be provided for under the Iraqi Constitution. Malaki was addressing questions concerning the minorities, many of whom are in neighboring countries, including an estimated nearly 500,000 Assyrian Christians. Additionally, Malaki said, &amp;quot;I think it is important to let the world know that things in our country are improving dramatically. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Our unemployment rate has gone from nearly 70 percent to now under 30 percent. Our most recent growth rate was 3 percent and we have seen, in particular as a result of the recent Baghdad program, a dramatic drop in so-called sectarian violence.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; What is particularly encouraging to me is the changes we have seen in our security forces and the trust from our people once again. We are finally seeing individual citizens provide information to our forces, which has changed the situation dramatically in rooting out those who are determined to ruin our country.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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Malaki stressed three key goals. National Reconciliation, Economic Development and Expanded Security as the way forward. &amp;quot;In spite of much information to the contrary, we are seeing a return to the Iraq we all once knew when we considered ourselves all Iraqis and not belonging to a particular sect or group,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;Recently we have brought back large numbers of former members of the Ba'ath Party who were not involved in any problems in the past and this has significantly helped to bring our people together. Economic development is taking place at a good rate. Part of the reason we are here is to encourage even more investment into our country. The monthly income of our people has gone from about $20 a month to now over $200. The dramatic rise in electrical use is one good sign that the economy is taking off. The stores are full.&amp;quot; Describing the current military situation as &amp;quot;moving from sectarian to outside interference,&amp;quot; Malaki stressed that the so called Baghdad Plan was working. &amp;quot;We are seeing a dramatic drop in the sectarian conflicts and see our major challenge as that from the outside including Al Quaida and remainders of the Ba'athist groups,&amp;quot; he said. &amp;quot;In the end we will be able to take care of ourselves. Meanwhile, we need the help of our friends to stand against those who want to harm us.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.assistnews.net/Stories/2007/s07040107.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Gen. David Petraeus, the top U.S. commander in Iraq, said in a recent interview, that the increase of nearly 30,000 U.S. troops in the country had achieved &amp;quot;modest progress&amp;quot; but had also had setbacks such as a rise in suicide bombings and other problems. Petraeus also stated that he was uncertain whether his counterinsurgency strategy would be ultimately succeed, but he stated &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We have certainly pulled [Baghdad] neighborhoods back from the brink.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; Assessing the first two months of the U.S. and Iraqi plan to pacify the capital, senior American commanders -- including Petraeus; Adm. William Fallon, head of U.S. forces in the Middle East; Lt. Gen. Raymond Odierno, commander of military operations in Iraq; and top regional commanders -- see mixed results. Critical now, they said in interviews last week, is for Iraqi leaders to forge the political compromises needed for long-term stability. The deployment of additional troops in Baghdad is only 60 percent complete, and a major concern shared by U.S. military leaders is whether al-Maliki's government is capable of solidifying gains in security as well as making the crucial political compromises needed to achieve peace. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.delawareonline.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070423/NEWS/70422011&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==Iraq Strategy in Relation to the Global War on Terrorism==&lt;br /&gt;
As reported in the State Department's annual Country Reports on Terrorism &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.state.gov/s/ct/rls/crt/2006/&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; released April 30, 2007, there are &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;steep declines in terrorist attacks and murders in many regions of the globe&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Though terrorism has increased markedly in Iraq, aside from the Middle East (which does not include Afghanistan according to State), the number of terrorist attacks worldwide is down from a year ago by over 300 incidents. In other words, the Bush administration's idea that making Iraq the &amp;quot;central front in the war on terror&amp;quot; seems to be working. According to the State report, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;terrorism in South Asia is down by 10 percent from a year ago. In Europe, it's down 18 percent. In Central and South America, terrorism-related deaths are down 54 percent.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://newsbusters.org/node/12431 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==Opinion polls==&lt;br /&gt;
Iraqi opposition to the American presence, both politically and militarily, has gradually increased since 2003. A secret British Ministry of Defence poll conducted in late 2005 found that 82 percent of Iraqis were &amp;quot;strongly opposed&amp;quot; to the presence of Coalition soldiers in Iraq.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2005/10/23/wirq23.xml  Secret MoD poll: Iraqis support attacks on British troops], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The same poll found support for Iraqi rebels at 45%, rising to 65% in Maysan province, although a poll by the IRI in March 2006 found 78% of respondents answered that &amp;quot;violence is never acceptable&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.iri.org/mena/iraq/pdfs/2006-04-27-Iraq%20poll%20March%20March.ppt Downloadable PowerPoint], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
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Many discount these &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;secret&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; polls because they are biased in how the questions are asked (&amp;quot;Have you stopped beating your wife, yet?&amp;quot;) and normally have been taken in the areas which have large numbers of insurgent sympathizers in the population, such as Saddam's hometown of Tikrit. The polling numbers are not included or references as to how this &amp;quot;secret&amp;quot; poll was conducted in the above reference. The lack of open disclosure and the fact that it was used to discount the intelligence to that point which was quoted in the same article as the secret poll as, &amp;quot;The secret poll appears to contradict claims made by Gen Sir Mike Jackson, the Chief of the General Staff, who only days ago congratulated British soldiers for &amp;quot;supporting the Iraqi people in building a new and better Iraq&amp;quot;&amp;quot;.. leads critics to conclude that this is not a fair or accurate assessment of Iraqi opinion. Also, the article states, &amp;quot;The findings differ markedly from a survey carried out by the BBC in March 2004 in which the overwhelming consensus among the 2,500 Iraqis questioned was that life was good. More of those questioned supported the war than opposed it.&amp;quot; It also contradicts the optimism shown by the Iraqis in the polls taken (March 2007) quoted in the portion above &amp;quot;Iraqi Liberation.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
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Citing safety concerns and saying the following survey was done by &amp;quot;An Iraqi public opinion research firm with a &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;proven record&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; of conducting scientifically valid surveys&amp;quot; (How long have they been doing surveys - &amp;quot;proven record&amp;quot;? Did they do them for Saddam?) the following University of Maryland survey was also cloaked from public view or scrutiny. Again, detractors ask, &amp;quot;How was the question phrased which was answered by the Iraqi respondents?&amp;quot; (See the Conservapedia entry &amp;quot;Opinion Poll&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.conservapedia.com/Opinion_poll &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; for further elaboration on the importance of the phrasing of questions, etc.)&lt;br /&gt;
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A poll commissioned by the University of Maryland's Program on International Policy Attitudes in the autumn of 2006 found that Iraqi support for anti-Coalition violence had risen to 61%.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2006-09-27-iraqi-opinion_x.htm Poll: Iraqis support attacks on U.S. troops], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Similarly, a [[U.S. State Department]] poll conducted in 2006 found that &amp;quot;two-thirds of Iraqis in Baghdad favor an immediate withdrawal of U.S. troops&amp;quot;. Hundreds of thousands of Iraqi civilians have fled to neighboring [[Jordan]] and [[Syria]] since the 2003 invasion.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/Story/0,,1966333,00.html Warning over spiraling Iraq refugee crisis], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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The rather obvious result which is used to buoy this negative report (cited from the US State Department) that two-thirds of Iraqis would like their homeland free of foreign assistance is too vague a question as it does not answer the question of WHEN. The repeated requests to the UN by the Iraqi government for the coalition troops to remain in Iraq to help stabilize the country and the support of the people for the Iraqi government (and its policies, including keeping the US/coalition there) argue against the meaning of this being that the Iraqi people wish the US to simply leave with their mission unfinished.&lt;br /&gt;
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An Opinion Research Corporation poll was conducted in May of 2007. 34% of 1,028 adults polled supported the war in Iraq, while 65% opposed it.  1% were unsure.  The [[margin of error]] was plus or minus 3%.&lt;br /&gt;
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==Weapons of Mass Destruction==&lt;br /&gt;
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Although no large physical stock piles of weapons of mass destruction have been found in Iraq, the search is not over, and has yielded some results so far.  Only about one-third of 36 million captured pages have been examined by a linguist and a summary gist of the document prepared.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.lib.umich.edu/govdocs/duelfer.html Comprehensive Report of the Special Adviser to the DCI on Iraq’s WMD], retrieved March 21, 2007&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Many believe the physical WMDs that had been produced prior to the invasion were smuggled out of the country, possibly to [[Syria]], before the onset of the war.{{fact}}&lt;br /&gt;
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Saddam's General says they had WMD - As FrontPageMagazine.com reported in its article &amp;quot;Symposium: Iraq, WMDs and Troubling Revelations&amp;quot; on May 29th 2006 - &amp;quot;Just recently, Saddam Hussein's former southern regional commander, Gen. Al-Tikriti, gave the first videotaped testimony &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;confirming that Iraq had WMDs up to the American invasion in 2003 and that Russia helped remove them prior to the war.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; His testimony &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;confirms numerous other sources&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; that have pointed to Russia's secret alliance with Iraq and the co-ordinated moving of WMDs before the American liberation.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.frontpagemag.com/Articles/ReadArticle.asp?ID=22645 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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According to the Duelfer Report, Saddam used the Iraq Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (MHESR) through its universities and research programs to maintain, develop, and acquire expertise, to advance or preserve existent research projects and developments, and to procure goods prohibited by United Nations Security Council sanctions.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Duelfer Report, Vol. 1, Regime Finance and Procurement, p. 10 (pdf)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Additionally, concerning the 36 million captured pages of documentation, when it was put on the net for public translation, it was removed after they found quote, &amp;quot;detailed accounts of Iraq’s secret nuclear research before the 1991 Persian Gulf war. The documents, the experts say, constitute a basic guide to building an atom bomb.&amp;quot; As &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The New York Times&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; confirmed in their issue November 3, 2006, Saddam had complete plans for a Nuclear Weapon and was in the process of procuring parts when the US removed him. Quote: &amp;quot;nuclear experts who have viewed them say go beyond what is available elsewhere on the Internet and in other public forums. For instance, the papers give detailed information on how to build nuclear firing circuits and triggering explosives, as well as the radioactive cores of atom bombs. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Experts say that at the time, Mr. Hussein’s scientists were on the verge of building an atom bomb, as little as a year away.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/03/world/middleeast/03documents.html?pagewanted=2&amp;amp;_r=1&amp;amp;ei=5094&amp;amp;en=1511d6b3da302d4f&amp;amp;hp&amp;amp;ex=1162530000&amp;amp;partner=homepage &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Additionally, tapes with Saddam speaking on them also surfaced and certain sinister remarks Saddam made on the tapes were translated which showed that he threatened to use WMD on Washington, DC. In the article , &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam Translator: ABC Reinterpreted Tapes&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; dated Feb. 17th 2006, the FBI translator who supplied the 12 hours of Saddam Hussein audiotapes excerpted by ABC's &amp;quot;Nightline&amp;quot; says the network discarded his translations and went with a less threatening version of the Iraqi dictator's comments. In the &amp;quot;Nightline&amp;quot; version of the 1996 recording, Saddam predicts that Washington, D.C., would be hit by terrorists. But he adds that Iraq would have nothing to do with the attack. Tierney says, however, that what Saddam actually said was much more sinister. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;He was discussing his intent to use chemical weapons against the United States and use proxies so it could not be traced back to Iraq,&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; he told Hannity. In a passage not used by &amp;quot;Nightline,&amp;quot; Tierney says Saddam declares: &amp;quot;Terrorism is coming. ... In the future there will be terrorism with weapons of mass destruction. What if we consider this technique, with smuggling?&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.newsmax.com/archives/ic/2006/2/17/125334.shtml &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Concerning additional tapes uncovered where Saddam is being briefed by his Son-in-law, Lieutenant General Hussein, ABC News reports his words to Saddam Hussein: &amp;quot;Sir, I would not be speaking so openly if it were not for your excellency's and Mr. Tariq's clarification and statement that we produced biological weapons. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;We did not reveal all that we have. Secondly, they don't know about our work in the domain of missiles.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; With regard to the issue of the chemical, sir, ... &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;In the chemical, sir, they have a problem far bigger than the biological&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, bigger than the biological. Not the type of the weapons, not the volume of the materials we imported, not the volume of the production we told them about, not the volume of use. None of this was correct. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;They don't know any of this&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. We did not reveal the volume of the chemical weapons that we had produced. We did not reveal the type of the chemical weapons. We did not reveal the truth about the volume of the imported materials. In the nuclear, sir, in the biological, we also disagree with them. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;As for the nuclear, we say we have disclosed everything but no.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; We have undeclared problems in nuclear as well, and I believe that they know. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;There are teams working with no one knowing about some of them.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; I go back to the question of whether we should reveal everything or continue to be silent... I would say it is in our interest not to reveal. Not just out of fear of disclosing the technology we achieved, or &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;to hide it for future work&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;...  &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://abcnews.go.com/Nightline/Investigation/story?id=1623307&amp;amp;page=1 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Another of the documents show that Saddam ordered suicide attacks on the US, which then, within a year, could have become nuclear. In the article &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam Ordered Suicide Attacks on U.S. Targets&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; dated April 6th 2006, it states, &amp;quot;A newly translated document from Saddam Hussein's intelligence files indicates that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;the Iraqi dictator ordered suicide attacks against U.S. targets six months before the 9/11 attacks.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.newsmax.com/archives/ic/2006/4/6/230437.shtml?s=lh &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Also, there was another document discovered proving that Saddam was intending to attack London in this article &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam was training terrorists for attacks in London&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; dated March 27th 2006 - &amp;quot;Among the documents released last week was a translation of a three-page Iraqi Intelligence memo regarding a wave of attacks to be conducted by the Saddam Fedayeen.According to those orders, the Fedayeen Saddam was &amp;quot;to start planning from now on to perform special operations (&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;assassinations/bombings) for&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; the centers and the traitor symbols in the fields of (&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;London&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;/Iran/self-ruled areas) and for coordination with the Intelligence service to secure deliveries, accommodations, and target guidance.&amp;quot;&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/012/024eyieu.asp &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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CNSNews.com reported that an Oct. 4, 2004, report by Cybercast News Service included 42 pages of Iraqi Intelligence Service memos that revealed &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam's purchase of mustard gas and anthrax as recently as the summer of 2000 and his extensive ties to al Qaeda.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Then in June, House Intelligence Committee Chairman Peter Hoekstra (R-Mich.) and U.S. Sen. Rick Santorum (R-Pa.) released declassified portions of an intelligence report that they said &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;confirmed Saddam's possession of weapons of mass destruction&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, including mustard gas. The report indicated that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;500 such weapons had been destroyed by the U.S.-led coalition since 2003&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; and that the U.S. and its allies were racing against terrorist groups in trying to control the remaining weapons in Iraq. &amp;quot;It is essential for the American people to understand that these weapons are in Iraq,&amp;quot; Santorum said during the news conference.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.cnsnews.com/ViewNation.asp?Page=/Nation/archive/200607/NAT20060725a.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;How many WMD means Saddam had some?&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; - Fox News reported on May 17th, 2004 that a roadside bomb containing &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;sarin nerve agent&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; was confirmed to have exploded near a U.S. military convoy, but the incident was downplayed along with the note that mustard gas had also been found. Quote, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;The Iraqi Survey Group confirmed today that a 155-millimeter artillery round containing sarin nerve agent had been found&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;,&amp;quot; Brig. Gen. Mark Kimmitt, the chief military spokesman in Iraq, told reporters in Baghdad. &amp;quot;The round had been rigged as an IED (improvised explosive device) which was discovered by a U.S. force convoy.&amp;quot; Bush administration officials told Fox News that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;mustard gas was also recently discovered&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,120137,00.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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Concluding that &amp;quot;the mustard gas was &amp;quot;stored improperly,&amp;quot; which made the gas &amp;quot;ineffective,&amp;quot;&amp;quot; these deadly agents were ignored and the view that WMD do not exist remains remains perpetuated. The same Fox News article notes, &amp;quot;They believe the mustard gas shell may have been one of 550 projectiles for which former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein failed to account when he made his weapons declaration shortly before Operation Iraqi Freedom began last year. Iraq also failed to then account for 450 aerial bombs with mustard gas. That, combined with the shells, totaled about 80 tons of unaccounted for mustard gas. It also appears some top Pentagon officials were surprised by the sarin news; they thought the matter was classified, administration officials told Fox News.&amp;quot;  &lt;br /&gt;
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ABC News reported on 7/1/2004 this article, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Polish troops find sarin warheads in Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; which stated, &amp;quot;Polish troops have found two warheads in Iraq believed to contain a deadly nerve agent. The two warheads were found in early June in a bunker in the area controlled by Polish forces, and they &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;tested positive for cyclosarin&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, a substance many times stronger than sarin, the ministry said in a statement. Another dozen were found later in June. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/iraq/2004-07-01-poland-iraq-sarin_x.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; This finding was updated 2 days later as testing found that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;all sixteen rockets had initially showed traces of sarin&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, but were now &amp;quot;all empty and tested negative for any type of chemicals.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A24403-2004Jul2.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The article went on to state, &amp;quot;In January 2003, U.N. inspectors discovered a dozen old 122-millimeter &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;rockets that chief inspector Hans Blix described at the time as &amp;quot;designed to carry chemical weapons.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; Iraq later turned up several more, and all were destroyed. Blix later said he was not sure whether Iraq mentioned them in the 12,000-page weapons declaration it submitted in December 2002. &lt;br /&gt;
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As for anthrax, on Jan 1st 2004, aim.org covered an article saying of Saddam's anthrax production capability, quote, &amp;quot;Investigative journalist Richard Miniter says there is evidence to indicate Saddam’s anthrax program was capable of producing the kind of anthrax that hit America shortly after 9/11. Miniter (said) that during November he interviewed &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;U.S. weapons inspector Dr. David Kay&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; in Baghdad and that he was &amp;quot;absolutely shocked and astonished&amp;quot; at the sophistication of the Iraqi program. Miniter said that Kay &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;told him that, &amp;quot;the Iraqis had developed new techniques for drying and milling anthrax—techniques that were superior to anything the United States or the old Soviet Union had.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; That would make the former regime of Saddam Hussein the most sophisticated manufacturer of anthrax in the world.&amp;quot;&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.aim.org/publications/media_monitor/2004/01/01.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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===Saddam's Links to Al Qaeda===&lt;br /&gt;
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BEFORE the United States went to war to depose the threat of Saddam to its Homeland, in March 2002 and February 2003, CIA Director George Tenet Testified that Iraq had clear ties to Al Qaeda. Coupled with the above statement by the NY Times article that they were only one year from a nuclear bomb and the sinister statements by the translator Tierney, along with the article about Saddam ordering preparation for suicide attacks on US targets before 911, the case for invading Iraq to secure the US from further destruction was both logical and justified.&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;In February 2003&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, CIA Director George Tenet Testified That Iraq Had Links To Al Qaeda. TENET: &amp;quot;Iraq is harboring senior members of a terrorist network led by Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, a close associate of al Qaeda. ... Iraq has in the past provided training in document forgery and bomb-making to al Qaeda. It has also provided training in poisons and gases to two al Qaeda associates. One of these associates characterized the relationship he forged with Iraqi officials as successful. ... I know that part of this - and part of this Zarqawi network in Baghdad are two dozen Egyptian Islamic jihad which is indistinguishable from al Qaeda - operatives who are aiding the Zarqawi network, and two senior planners who have been in Baghdad since last May. &lt;br /&gt;
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Now, whether there is a base or whether there is not a base, they are operating freely, supporting the Zarqawi network that is supporting the poisons network in Europe and around the world. So these people have been operating there. And, as you know - I don't want to recount everything that Secretary Powell said, but as you know a foreign service went to the Iraqis twice to talk to them about Zarqawi and were rebuffed. So &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;there is a presence in Baghdad that is beyond Zarqawi.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; (George Tenet, Select Committee On Intelligence, U.S. Senate, Hearing, 2/11/03) &lt;br /&gt;
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Tenet Testified That Iraq Was Providing Safe Haven To Al Qaeda. SEN. CARL LEVIN (D-MI): &amp;quot;Would you say, Mr. Tenet, that the Zarqawi terrorist network is under the control or sponsorship of the Iraqi government?&amp;quot; TENET: &amp;quot;I don't know that, sir, but &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;I know that there's a safe haven that's been provided to this network in Baghdad&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;.&amp;quot; LEVIN: &amp;quot;So you're not - well, you're saying that you don't know if they're under the support - that they are under the control or direction?&amp;quot; TENET: &amp;quot;Yes, sir. We have said - &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;what we've said is Zarqawi and this large number of operatives are in Baghdad&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. They say the environment is good. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;And it is inconceivable to us that the Iraqi intelligence service doesn't know that they live there or what they're doing.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; (George Tenet, Select Committee On Intelligence, U.S. Senate, Hearing, 2/11/03) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;In March 2002&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, Tenet Testified On Iraq's Links To Al Qaeda. TENET: &amp;quot;We continue to watch Iraq's involvement in terrorists' activities. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Baghdad has a long history of supporting terrorism, altering its targets to reflect changing priorities and goals. It is also had contacts with Al Qaeda&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;.&amp;quot; (George Tenet, Committee On Armed Services, U.S. Senate, Hearing, 3/19/02)&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2006/09/20060915-4.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As mentioned above, CNSNews.com reported that an Oct. 4, 2004, report by Cybercast News Service included 42 pages of Iraqi Intelligence Service memos that revealed &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Saddam's purchase of mustard gas and anthrax as recently as the summer of 2000 and his extensive ties to al Qaeda.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.cnsnews.com/ViewNation.asp?Page=/Nation/archive/200607/NAT20060725a.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Duelfer Report==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 2004, the [[Iraq Survey Group]], ISG, whose intelligence analysts are managed by Charles Duelfer, a former State Department official and deputy chief of the U.N.-led arms-inspection teams, released what has been called the [[Duelfer Report]]. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; https://www.cia.gov/cia/reports/iraq_wmd_2004/index.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The ISG found &amp;quot;hundreds of cases of activities that were prohibited&amp;quot; under U.N. Security Council resolutions, a senior administration official was quoted as saying. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=38213 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Both Duelfer and his predecessor, David Kay, reported to Congress that the evidence they had found on the ground in Iraq showed Saddam's regime was in &amp;quot;material violation&amp;quot; of U.N. Security Council Resolution 1441,&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; the last of 17 resolutions that promised &amp;quot;serious consequences&amp;quot; if Iraq did not make a complete disclosure of its weapons programs and dismantle them in a verifiable manner.  The United States cited Iraq's refusal to comply with these demands as one justification for going to war. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
When former weapons inspector Kay reported to Congress in January that the United States had found &amp;quot;no stockpiles&amp;quot; of forbidden weapons in Iraq, his conclusions made front-page news, as did Duelfer's similarly worded conclusion in his report. But when Kay detailed what the ISG had found in testimony before the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence,  few took notice. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Both Duelfer and Kay found Iraq had &amp;quot;a clandestine network of laboratories and safe houses with equipment that was suitable to continuing its prohibited chemical- and biological-weapons [BW] programs,&amp;quot; the official said. &amp;quot;They found a prison laboratory where we suspect they tested biological weapons on human subjects.&amp;quot;  &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Reference strains&amp;quot; of a wide variety of biological-weapons agents were found beneath the sink in the home of a prominent Iraqi BW scientist&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. &amp;quot;We thought it was a big deal,&amp;quot; a senior administration official said. &amp;quot;But it has been written off [by the press] as a sort of 'starter set.'&amp;quot; They found equipment for &amp;quot;uranium-enrichment centrifuges&amp;quot; whose only plausible use was as part of a clandestine nuclear-weapons program. In all these cases, &amp;quot;Iraqi scientists had been told before the war not to declare their activities to the U.N. inspectors,&amp;quot; the official said. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In testimony before Congress on March 30, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Duelfer revealed the ISG had found evidence of a &amp;quot;crash program&amp;quot; to construct new plants capable of making chemical- and biological-warfare agents&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. The ISG also found a previously undeclared program to build a &amp;quot;high-speed rail gun,&amp;quot; a device apparently designed for testing nuclear-weapons materials. That came in addition to 500 tons of natural uranium stockpiled at Iraq's main declared nuclear site south of Baghdad.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How did this happen? According to the Duelfer Report, half of the picture rests with entities outside Iraq. Saddam was trying to end the UN sanctions to pursue his conventional, dual-use, and WMD-related programs. In Saddam’s efforts to influence United Nations Security Council  members - namely Russia, France, and China - to end sanctions, Saddam’s ordered the Iraq Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) to formulate and implement a strategy aimed at these Security Council members and international public opinion with the purpose of ending UN sanctions by diplomatic and economic means.  Saddam also made use of “Protocols” or government-to-government economic trade agreements to generate a large amount of revenue outside the purview of the UN.  His success emboldened Saddam to pursue his reconstitution efforts of conventional, dual-use, and WMD-related programs starting in 1997.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Duelfer Report, Vol. 1, Regime Finance and Procurement, p. 9 (pdf)&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Quote: &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;By 2000-2001, Saddam had managed to mitigate many of the effects of sanctions and undermine their international support,&amp;quot; the (Duelfer) report said.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://washingtontimes.com/op-ed/20041007-092535-2936r.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Regime’s authorities devised front companies that had close relationships with foreign government officials who worked to procure illicit goods, services, and technologies for Iraq’s WMD-related, conventional arms, and/or dual-use goods programs. Saddam used the ''Mukhabarat'', or Iraqi Intelligence Servise (IIS) to  facilitate importation of UN sanctioned and dual-use goods through Syria, Jordan, Belarus, Turkey and others.  Numerous foreign trade intermediaries disguised illicit items, hid the identity of the end user, and/or changed the final destination of the item to move it to the region. For a cut of the profits they smuggled prohibited items to entry points along the Iraqi border.  Companies in Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey, UAE, and Yemen assisted Saddam with the acquisition of prohibited items through deceptive trade practices. In the case of Syria and Yemen, this included support from agencies or personnel within the government itself.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Regime intent===&lt;br /&gt;
The Iraqi Survey Group in interrogations of Ba'athist officials from the leadership of the intelligence and security services, and Qusay’s inner circle, undertook interviews of Ba'athists in custody.  Some detainees’ statements were made to minimize their culpability leading to potential prosecution. Detainees were very concerned about their fate and were not willing to implicate themselves in sensitive matters of interest such as WMD, in light of looming prosecutions. Debriefers noted the tendency to place blame or knowledge with individuals who were not in a position to contradict the detainee’s statements, such as deceased individuals or individuals who were not in custody or who had fled the country, or providing debriefers with previously known information. Some former high ranking officials, such as ‘Ali Hasan Al Majid Al Tikriti (Chemical ‘Ali), never gave substantial information, despite speaking colorfully and at length. Some obstructed all attempts to elicit information on WMD and illicit activities of the former Regime. Others, however, were keen to help clarify every issue, sometimes to the point of self-incrimination.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The ISG's key findings stated that Saddam never abandoned his intentions to resume a Chemiclal Weapons effort when sanctions were lifted&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Saddam and many Iraqis regarded Chemical Weapons  as a proven weapon against an enemy’s superior numerical strength, a weapon that had saved the nation at least once already—during the [[Iran-Iraq war]]— and contributed to deterring the Coalition in 1991 from advancing to Baghdad.  After 1991, Saddam did express his intent to retain the intellectual capital, or the know-how that was developed during the Iraqi Nuclear Program. Saddam indicated that he would develop the weapons necessary to counter any Iranian threat.  Starting around 1992, in a bid to retain the intellectual core of the former weapons program workers with know-how, Baghdad transferred many nuclear scientists to related jobs in the Military Industrial Commission (MIC). The work undertaken by these scientists at the MIC helped them maintain their weapons knowledge base. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;The Regime prevented scientists from the former nuclear weapons program from leaving either their jobs or Iraq&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;. Moreover, in the late 1990s, personnel from both MIC and the IAEC received significant pay raises in a bid to retain them, and the Regime undertook new investments in university research in a bid to ensure that Iraq retained technical knowledge.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The way Iraq organized its chemical industry after the mid-1990s allowed it to conserve the knowledge-base needed to restart a CW program, conduct a modest amount of dual-use research, and partially recover from the decline of its production capability caused by the effects of the Gulf war and UN-sponsored destruction and sanctions. Iraq implemented a rigorous and formalized system of nationwide research and production of chemicals. The Regime employed a cadre of trained and experienced researchers, production managers, and weaponization experts from the former CW program. Iraq constructed a number of new plants starting in the mid-1990s that enhanced its chemical infrastructure.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;ISG judged, based on available chemicals, infrastructure, and scientist debriefings, that Iraq at OIF probably had a capability to produce large quantities of sulfur mustard within three to six months&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;.  A former nerve agent expert indicated that Iraq retained the capability to produce nerve agent in significant quantities within two years, given the import of required phosphorous precursors. However, we have no credible indications that Iraq acquired or attempted to acquire large quantities of these chemicals through its existing procurement networks for sanctioned items. In addition to new investment in its industry, Iraq was able to monitor the location and use of all existing dualuse process equipment. This provided Iraq the ability to rapidly reallocate key equipment for proscribed activities, if required by the Regime.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Iraq’s historical ability to implement simple solutions to weaponization challenges allowed Iraq to retain the capability to weaponize CW agent when the need arose.  Iraq could indigenously produce a range of conventional munitions, throughout the 1990s, many of which had previously been adapted for filling with CW agent. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Saddam’s Leadership Defense Plan consisted of a tactical doctrine taught to all Iraqi officers and included the concept of a “red-line” or last line of defense. Uday — head of the Fedayeen Saddam — attempted to obtain chemical weapons for use during OIF.  &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;ISG uncovered information that the Iraqi Intelligence Service (IIS) maintained throughout 1991 to 2003 a set of undeclared covert laboratories to research and test various chemicals and poisons&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;, primarily for intelligence operations. The existence, function, and purpose of the laboratories of which were never declared to the UN. The IIS program included the use of human subjects for testing purposes. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The IIS provided the BW program with security and participated in biological research, probably for its own purposes, from the beginning of Iraq’s BW effort in the early 1970s until the final days of Saddam Husayn’s Regime. In 1991, Saddam Husayn regarded BW as an integral element of his arsenal of WMD weapons, and would have used it if the need arose. At a meeting of the Iraqi leadership immediately prior to the Gulf war in 1991, Saddam Husayn personally authorized the use of BW weapons against Israel, Saudi Arabia and US forces.  Saddam envisaged all-out use. For example, all Israeli cities were to be struck and all the BW weapons at his disposal were to be used. Saddam specified that the “many years” agents, presumably anthrax spores, were to be employed against his foes. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;ISG judged that Iraq’s actions between 1991 and 1996 demonstrate that the state intended to preserve its BW capability and return to a steady, methodical progress toward a mature BW program when and if the opportunity arose&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Misreporting the Duelfer Report===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The Washington Times&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; reported in their editorial titled &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Misreporting the Duelfer Report&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://washingtontimes.com/op-ed/20041007-092535-2936r.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; the day following its release, October 08, 2004, quote: &amp;quot;&amp;quot;Gotcha, Mr. President.&amp;quot; This was the consensus of the headlines from nearly every daily newspaper yesterday responding to the CIA's Iraq Survey Group report on Iraq's prewar weapons programs. Yes, the report found no &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;stockpiles&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq since the war began in March 2003. But &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;were these the findings that the report highlighted in the first line of its Key Findings summary? No.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;quot;Saddam [Hussein] so dominated the Iraqi Regime that its strategic intent was his alone,&amp;quot; the summary begins. &amp;quot;He wanted to end sanctions while preserving the capability to reconstitute his weapons of mass destruction (WMD) when sanctions were lifted.&amp;quot; This hardly sounds as if the Iraq Survey Group, headed by Charles A. Duelfer, thought Saddam was cooperating with the international community. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The article goes on to explain that Saddam was attempting to get the sanctions lifted, targeting the three members of the Security Council - France, China and Russia - and then he intended to use the Oil for Food program &amp;quot;to acquire foreign exchange both to further undermine sanctions and to provide the means to enhance dual-use infrastructure and potential WMD-related development.&amp;quot; Then notes, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;While the United Nations turned a blind eye, Saddam cheated and committed mass murder in an effort to achieve his goals. To suggest that &amp;quot;containment&amp;quot; could have been sustained without dire results verges on the delusional.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; There is a very pertinent lesson in the Duelfer report; too bad no one told the headline writers.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Threat Level Concern===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It is worth noting the following concerning a current controversy about the level of threat Saddam posed. If you consider the terrorists as various minority factions all working toward the same goal, as stated by Mr. Kraft on this page when he says, &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;there is &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;a very dangerous minority in Islam&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; that either has, or wants and may soon have, the ability to deliver small nuclear, biological, or chemical weapons almost anywhere in the world, unless &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;they&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; are prevented from doing so.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;quot; It doesn't matter which of these factions would have been used to specifically target the civilized world in a nuclear or biological/chemical attack. Although recently the extent of Saddam's ties to one specific group (the Al-Qaeda terrorists) has been questioned and a recent article stated that &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;the Iraqi government and al-Qaeda figures had only limited contacts,&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; the same article goes on to say concerning Al-Qaeda that &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;it lacked evidence of a long-term relationship &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;like the ones Iraq had forged with other terrorist groups.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/04/05/AR2007040502263.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Therefore, it is known that Saddam had forged long term relationships with known terrorist GROUPS (plural) and so it was not that there was no threat from any terrorists groups, just that the threat would have come from those OTHER terrorists as the threat to the collective security of the civilized world if the US hadn't taken out Saddam. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It also remains to be seen if the ties with Al-Qaeda would have remained &amp;quot;limited&amp;quot; if that group had stepped up and volunteered to take the completed nuclear weapons from Saddam (which he would have had within a year according to &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The New York Times&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; - see the WMD section, this page) into Washington and detonate them using sophisticated and existing sleeper cell suicide bombers as Saddam was contemplating. It appears likely that Saddam would have listened and handed them his stocks of nuclear, chemical or biological weapons by his statements (see Mr. Tierney's translation on this page). From his past actions, Saddam was an equal opportunity employer for all the terrorist groups.. including those they admit in this report with whom he had &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;quot;long-term relationships.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; As Mr. Kraft observes, it is many &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&amp;quot;barbarian&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;s&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;quot; at our gates with sophisticated weapons of mass destruction for the first time, not only one group (Al-Qaeda.) It is global in scope, hence the reason for calling this a &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;&amp;quot;Global War on Terror&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; not a &amp;quot;War on Terror in Iraq.&amp;quot; As such, it is a fight for world supremacy, and the civilized world would do well not to ignore or minimize what the civilized world is fighting over.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Accusations of Cover-Ups===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
While both parties continue to squabble over the above documents and claims, quote, &amp;quot;Both Republicans and Democrats charged the other side was trying using the release of more information for its political purposes,&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.worldnetdaily.com/news/article.asp?ARTICLE_ID=51952 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; there were others who claimed there were cover-ups happening to stop further evidence becoming public. A NYsun article states, &amp;quot;&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;A former special investigator for the Pentagon during the Iraq war said he found four sealed underground bunkers in southern Iraq that he is sure contain stocks of chemical and biological weapons.&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; But when he asked American weapons inspectors to check out the sites, he was rebuffed. Between March and July 2003, Mr. Gaubatz was taken by (his) sources to four locations - three in and around Nasiriyah and one near the port of Umm Qasr, where he was shown underground concrete bunkers with the tunnels leading to them deliberately flooded. In each case, he was told the facilities contained stocks of biological and chemical weapons, along with missiles whose range exceeded that mandated under U.N. sanctions. But because the facilities were sealed off with concrete walls, in some cases up to 5 feet thick, he did not get inside. He filed reports with photographs, exact grid coordinates, and testimony from multiple sources. And then he waited for the Iraq Survey Group to come to the sites. &amp;quot;I have no doubts the sites were never exploited by ISG. We agents begged and begged for weeks and months to get ISG to respond to the sites with the proper equipment,&amp;quot; Mr. Gaubatz said in a telephone interview. &amp;quot;An adequate search would have required heavy equipment to uncover the concrete, and additional equipment to drain the water.&amp;quot; Mr. Gaubatz would not disclose the names of his Iraqi sources, but he said they were &amp;quot;highly credible&amp;quot; by his supervisors. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.nysun.com/article/27183?access=890075 &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the exhaustive search for WMDs in Iraq, CNN has left all stones unturned - or have they? These are the words right out of the mouth of CNN reporter Jane Arraf &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.cjr.org/iraq/chapt1.html &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, quote: &amp;quot;And if you had a bureau there, like we did, and it was a known bureau and a known company like CNN was, it was a beacon for everybody. It was a beacon for Iraqis who believed they had stories. Iraqis would show up, there would be Iraqis lined up outside the door. &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;There... would be the Iraqis who told you they had nuclear documents in their basement and would you like to come and look [laughter]. You know, there was almost that pang when you turned somebody away, [you were] thinking, “Damn, maybe this guy really does have nuclear weapons in his basement, but I don’t have time.” So you never really knew.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Costs==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
''(Needs more statistics)''&lt;br /&gt;
Since the war is not yet over, the total cost has yet to be tallied.  However, the [[Congressional Budget Office]] estimates that the war has, as of 3/12/2007, cost less than $400 Billion.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.newstatesman.com/200703120024 Iraq: the hidden cost of the war]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The National Priorities Project, though, indicates that the war costs some $195,000 '''per minute''', according to numbers based on Congressional appropriations, and the tally had reached $412.8 billion as of 3/30/2007.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://nationalpriorities.org/index.php?option=com_wrapper&amp;amp;Itemid=182&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Casualties==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Former U.S. Attorney General in the [[Johnson Administration]], [[Ramsey Clark]], wrote the UN Security Council on 29 July 29 2002 claiming UN sanctions , &amp;quot;are the direct cause of the very cruel deaths of more than a million people&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.radioislam.org/bush/act.htm Letter from Ramsey Clark to the U.N. Security Council members], 29 July 29 2002.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  A 1999 [[UNICEF]] Report stated that there were, at that time, 500,000 deaths of children under the age of five probably attributable to the U.N. sanctions. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.unicef.org/newsline/99pr29.htm  Iraq Surveys Show Humanitarian Emergency], (August 12, 1999).&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Coalition Troops&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
According to the US Department of Defense, over 3,400 U.S., and over 270 troops from coalition countries have died in the war.  Over 25,000 U.S. troops have been wounded in combat.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.defenselink.mil Department of Defense]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Enemy Casualties &amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Larry Schweikart, Professor of History at the University of Dayton, a military historian, has calculated that, &amp;quot;a low estimate is that we have removed from the order of battle about 210,000 on the low end to 360,000 on the high end. This is an entire generation of jihadists, and will, if nothing else, significantly feminize Muslim society.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://newsbyus.com/more.php?id=7673_0_1_0_M &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;b&amp;gt;Civilian Casualties&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Estimates of civilian casualties vary.  According to Fox News, March 20, 2007, over 54,000 civilians have been killed in the war. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,259875,00.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  However, due to suicide bombings and other such activity, the fatalities caused by US/Coalition forces in action was only &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;31 percent&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; of the total number given according to CNN's report October 2006, &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.cnn.com/2006/WORLD/meast/10/11/iraq.deaths/ &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; down from 32 percent quoted by this Boston Globe report &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.countercurrents.org/iraq-jackson191205.htm &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; dated December 19, 2005. In the Fox News study, that would mean &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;16,740&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; of the 54,000 casualties.  Other sources place the number of civilian casualties much higher at around 600,000, based on a statistical analysis conducted by public health officials from the United States and Iraq.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://web.mit.edu/CIS/pdf/Human_Cost_of_War.pdf&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.state.gov/p/nea/rls/rpt/iraqstatus/c20699.htm Iraq Weekly Status Report] U.S. Department of State.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.centcom.mil/sites/uscentcom2/default.aspx CENTCOM] Home page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Wars]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Conscientious_objector&amp;diff=161403</id>
		<title>Conscientious objector</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Conscientious_objector&amp;diff=161403"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T01:20:43Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;A conscientious objector (CO) is a person who refuses to serve in the armed forces because to do so would violate his conscience. Such people are often motivated by a religious idea of [[pacifism]], such as [[Quakers]] or [[Jehovah's Witnesses]].  A CO can also be a serving member of the military that has moral objections to killing another humna, yet still wants to remain in the military.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Conscientious objector status is generally not given to people who have political reasons for opposing their nation's military policy, even if they call themselves &amp;quot;anti-war&amp;quot;. They must demonstrate a moral or religious objection to the institution of war itself.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Selective&amp;quot; conscientious objectors only refuse to fight in a particular war, but the U.S. does not grant them CO status. Nor does it grant CO status for mere philosophical or practical objections.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;A person who wants to get out of military service because it is inconvenient or for reasons of &amp;quot;personal expediency&amp;quot; (&amp;quot;it interferes with my school, job, or family plans, etc.&amp;quot;) cannot expect to be classified as a CO. [http://www.scn.org/IP/sdmcc/co.htm Who is a Conscientious Objector?]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Notes==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[category:religion]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Astronomy&amp;diff=161390</id>
		<title>Talk:Astronomy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Astronomy&amp;diff=161390"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T01:08:37Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* What is this trying to accomplish? */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Theory of Evolution==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How does this relate to astronomy?  Astronomy was a science hundreds of years before Darwin.  &amp;quot;evolution of the universe&amp;quot;  Is being used way out of context to place it in the same reference as Theory of Evolution.  Conservative, why the need for YEC views?  Do we have to start adding OEC views as well as the views from all the different sects of Christianity?--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 22:24, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::There is a need for conservative views at '''Conserv'''apedia.  YEC is very conservative. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 22:25, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::So what about OEC?  Or other Christian sects?  YEC is conservative to YECs but not to everyone.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 22:27, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:You did not answer the question about TOE.  I do not understand the grounds of your statement other than trying to find another platform to try to slander the theory.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 22:28, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::I wrote: &amp;quot;For example, it is common for astronomers to refer to the &amp;quot;evolution of the universe&amp;quot;.[1]&amp;quot;  I proved the previous statement. Case closed.[[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 22:33, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::Case close?  Your cite has nothing to do with the relationship between TOE and the evolution of the universe statement.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 22:37, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Tim, if you would stop using inflammatory terms like ''slander'' perhaps your points would be easier to follow.&lt;br /&gt;
*Slander is an untruthful oral (spoken) statement about a person that harms the person's reputation or standing in the community.&lt;br /&gt;
The theory of evolution is not a person. Even if someone is called the &amp;quot;father of evolution&amp;quot;, that does not give the idea personhood. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 10:17, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Ed the definition of Slander –noun 1. defamation; calumny: rumors full of slander.  &lt;br /&gt;
2. a malicious, false, and defamatory statement or report:  You can slander an idea.  That is besides the point the issue is that conservative goes out of his way to slander TOE in any scientific article he can.  This is just getting ridiculous.  The article is about astronomy for goodness sakes, where would TOE fit in?  The cite that he used showed no relationship but he had the time, and nerve, to create a false impression.  This is the issue, personaly I see this as vandalism (Unrelated content being place just for one's POV).--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 10:28, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==excluding earth?==&lt;br /&gt;
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I'm deleting &amp;quot;excluding earth&amp;quot;.  Astronomers work with the earth, too, as a body in space. [[User:Human|Human]] 22:32, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:OK, it's back in.  Why?  Without factoring in the earth's motion and gravity, it would have been much harder to know where to  look for Neptune, Uranus, and Pluto.  But at least the article itself has become real again. [[User:Human|Human]] 22:46, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Nice quote mining, by the way. [[User:Human|Human]] 22:35, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Now that is just sad==&lt;br /&gt;
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You know Conservative if I were to do the same thing you just did to astronomy, but using an evolutionary POV it would be vandlism.  Colin was in the right changing your edits since they were unjustified for this page.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 22:51, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:EDIT WAR!!! Ended by sysop protection with no discussion.  Why can't all of Colin's text be used, followed by the YEC stuff? [[User:Human|Human]] 22:53, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Liberal Opinion stated as fact ==&lt;br /&gt;
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We don't state liberal opinion as fact here.  ColinR inserted, &amp;quot;The fact that radiotelescopes can detect the light of stars billions of light years away proves that the universe is billions of years old, as the light must have left those stars that long ago  to reach us now travelling at the speed of light.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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No credible, unbiased scientist would claim that &amp;quot;proves&amp;quot; billions of years old, and no citation was given for it.  That's a liberal opinion and should be stated as such, if stated at all.  There are many reasons why that falls short of a &amp;quot;proof&amp;quot;.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 22:58, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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It's a liberal opinion that velocity = distance divided by time?  News to me, Aschlafly.  To figure out the time light has traveled, simple take the distance divided by the speed of light.  ColinR is correct.  --[[User:Mackronking2|Mackronking2]] 23:40, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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The line about 'proving' the universe to be billions of years old can be left out without omitting the section on recent research, which is well supported by evidence. To remove this while only leaving in the Young Earth Creationist stuff and then locking the article to prevent editing is risible. Here is the excised material, from which I have removed the disputed last sentence. Please unlock the article so that this can be reinserted. It does your project no favors at all to ignore scientific research in favor of YEC theories. At least you can present both and let the reader decide.--[[User:Britinme|Britinme]] 23:12, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Recent research==&lt;br /&gt;
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Astronomers have searched for ways to find out accurately how old a [[star]] is. A new technique called gyrochronology, which works this out based on the star’s rate of rotation, has just been announced and will be published in the Astrophysical Journal. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://www.astronomy.com/asy/default.aspx?c=a&amp;amp;id=5479&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Knowing the age of the host star of a [[planetary system]] helps astronomers understand how planetary systems change over time. &lt;br /&gt;
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The research shows that the rotation period of a star changes steadily and predictably in line with its age and color. Thus, by measuring two of these attributes you can determine the third. The star’s color is a visible sign of its [[mass]] or surface temperature. The age of the [[[Sun]] is believed by astronomers to be 4.6 billion years &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; http://cosmos.phy.tufts.edu/~zirbel/ast21/handouts/Energy-of-Sun-better.PDF &amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; and can be used to calibrate the gyrochronology of most other stars. &lt;br /&gt;
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There are other methods of working out a star’s age, but they have much larger uncertainties than gyrochronology. Unlike some other methods, gyrochronology also works well for stars not found in star clusters (‘field’ stars). It is used to calculate the age of stars that burn their hydrogen fuel at a predictable and steady rate; it does not work so well for younger stars, although the researchers hope to do future work to extend the method to these. &lt;br /&gt;
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The forthcoming [[NASA]] Kepler Mission will yield more information about the rotation period of other stars, as this is information gleaned while searching for the transit of new planets orbiting across their disks. Once researchers have more precise ages for stars, other problems of chronometry can be solved and a better study made of the way astronomical phenomena change through time, using the stars themselves as clocks. --[[User:Britinme|Britinme]] 23:12, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:&amp;quot;believed by astronomers&amp;quot;; what does this mean?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 23:51, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I have no problem revising the version I was using, I'll agree it needs a lot of work. But this entry is on '''astronomy''' not evolution, not YEC, not OEC, etc. Astronomy has little, if not nothing, to do with evolution. Cosmology, yes. Astronomy, no. Moreover, Conservative's overused misquotes are simply that. Overused misquotes. They have nothing to do with the actual field of astronomy, that is the study of space. The revision I used didn't repeat the same junk that Conservative posts on any article that doesn't fit his ideology. NOWHERE in this site has YEC been officially endorsed. Even so, Conservative is bent on advancing that view anywhere he can. The current revision discusses geology and the Big Bang '''theory''', with Big Bang being the only thing that actually is somewhat relevant to an entry on astronomy, though it has no place other than a brief mention. The fact still remains that astronomers regard the universe to be 14.6 (approx.) years old and base all their research on this &amp;quot;assumption.&amp;quot; Given this, it is a discredit to ignore their hard work because it doesn't fit in with your &amp;quot;facts.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 23:31, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::Ok, so it is a fact they beleive it, the question is, what facts do they beleive?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 23:55, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::According to Merriam-Webster's online dictionary astronomy is &amp;quot;the study of objects and matter outside the earth's atmosphere and of their physical and chemical properties.&amp;quot; [1] [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 23:46, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Facts==&lt;br /&gt;
I'm confused here, and as an hostotian, not without good reason.  It is a scientific fact there are 8 planets.  One year ago it was a scientific fact there were 9 planets.  Now, in historical reporting which &amp;quot;fact&amp;quot; do I use?  And one reason I got into history is because I don't follow the fads of the moment, which the 8 planet fact theory currently dominates.  How do I know science, or what it calls facts, won't change again tomorrow?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 23:10, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:It's like the word &amp;quot;alive&amp;quot;.  It has a colloquial meaning, and science has worked with and suffered the consequences.  The planets used to be the &amp;quot;wanderers&amp;quot; - the &amp;quot;stars&amp;quot; that moved about the firmament.  There used to be 5 known to man (Hg, V, M, J, S) As we got to know our system better, we readily found U &amp;amp; N, and the tiny P.  Then we found tens of thousands more and the distinctions blurred.  Especially with the identification of a couple of rocks that, were Pluto to be a plant, they would be to.  So the a definition was created that pretty much limits the word &amp;quot;planet&amp;quot; to the first eight. By the way, &amp;quot;history&amp;quot; is constantly undergoing revision and deeper understanding, too. [[User:Human|Human]] 00:24, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::So facts today may not be facts tomorrow.  I thought facts existed in nature, independent and observable; I didn't know facts were established by concensus, only to be revised later.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 00:52, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::You're confusing actual facts with terminology and jargon. It is a fact that Pluto exists. It is no longer considered a planet under the current definition, but the definition was never a &amp;quot;fact.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 00:57, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Forgive me ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Please forgive my ignorance, but I have studied a little astonomy and a lot of theology and I'm not sure why the astronomy page has only a short paragraph on astronomy, then a bunch of stuff that is important to state, but is really kind of fringe among even devout Christians.  Explain? Or am I overstepping my bounds? The above comment, for example, is sort of irrelevant. Just because some discoveries have been made and definitions changed doesn't change physics.[[User:JoyousOne|JoyousOne]] 23:10, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:So the bottom line is facts, according to accepted &amp;quot;science&amp;quot;, are voted upon, they are not something that exist in nature?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 23:48, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I don't know where to jump in here, but I've seen two objectionable liberal edits:&lt;br /&gt;
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* claiming that something &amp;quot;proves&amp;quot; the universe is billion of years old, which is a liberal opinion that did not even have a citation.  No objective, credible scientist would claim &amp;quot;proof&amp;quot; of that view.&lt;br /&gt;
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* deleting actual quotes by scientists, apparently under the view explained in [[quote mining]] that it is improper to quote someone for a statement critical of his own beliefs.  Those quotes are factual and informative.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 00:09, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:First, I never asserted the universe is billions of years old, I simply reverted to a version that said this. If you want to change it, please, feel free to. Second, if they are actual quotes by scientists, it should be no problem to cite the original article. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 00:30, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Aschlafly, ColinR's argument does prove that the Universe is billions of years old.  The equation is time = distance divided by velocity.  Plug in the distance to a distant galaxy, divide by the speed of light, and you get an answer that is billions of years.  Billions of years is greater than 6000 years.  There's no opinion here at all.  --[[User:Mackronking2|Mackronking2]] 00:17, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Interesting premise, the problem is ColinR does not even make the arguement you claim.  He says,&lt;br /&gt;
:*'' The fact still remains that astronomers regard the universe to be 14.6 (approx.) years old and base all their research on this &amp;quot;assumption.&amp;quot;''&lt;br /&gt;
:All ColinR claims is '''''it is a fact''''' that scientists beleive something or other, and it is hazy and imprecise what they beleive.&lt;br /&gt;
:I beleive it is a fact I will hit the power ball for $180 million someday.  Does the fact I beleive it make it real?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 00:32, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Is your fact supported by many years of research and the combined efforts of thousands of other astrophysicists? &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 00:34, 4 May 2007 (EDT)\&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Ok, why don't you rephrase this statement, &lt;br /&gt;
:::*'' The fact still remains that astronomers regard the universe to be 14.6 (approx.) years old and base all their research on this &amp;quot;assumption.&amp;quot;''&lt;br /&gt;
:::and '''show us what the factual conclusions are''', other than the fact that &amp;quot;many years of research and the combined efforts of thousands of other astrophysicists&amp;quot; beleive something or other.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 00:41, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::Do you really want me to explain how our current understanding of astronomy was derived? I can, but I'll admit, I can't do it justice, unlike several astro professors I've had who could. If you're asking me to outline every &amp;quot;fact,&amp;quot; then you're asking the impossible and refusing to accept the basic nature of science. New information leads to changes. Case in point, discovery of other trans-Neptunian objects, leading to the reclassification of Pluto. So, please, clarify what you want, Rob. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 00:57, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::::I think you may be seeing this is really a discussion about logic.  I only asked for conclusions.  They can't give factual conclusions, and they will tell you so.  All they can say is &amp;quot;most people (in the field) beleive...&amp;quot;.  And it would ''in fact'' be bad science to represent what they beleive as facts, because ''they'' don't, and they ''can't''.  Even a scientist who, in his heart and soul, beleives in proposition X, would ''still'' have to add the disclaimer, &amp;quot;this is my judgement on the matter&amp;quot;.  That ''still'' does not qualify it as an idependent and observable phenomenea of nature.  And the legions of researchers and astrophysicists can only produce a concensus of what the community beleives, they cannot establish the facts of this particular matter. And their concensus is always subject to revision.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 01:12, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::::: How about the cosmic microwave background?  There is a theory as to what the observed data should be, and the curve it predicted, and the observations by COBE and other satellites?[http://www.astronomynotes.com/cosmolgy/s5.htm] --01:23, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::::: No, they wouldn't say &amp;quot;this is my judgement.&amp;quot; They'd say, &amp;quot;all the evidence gathered points to this conclusion, and the conclusion reached accurately predicts other things.&amp;quot; &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 01:36, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Would it be possible to link to and cite the papers instead so that any individuals who want to read the rest of the article can follow the link?  --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 00:15, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Another aspect to consider - there are theories about planetary formation, star formation, and galaxy formation.  While it is reasonable to say that we do not know with certainty about these things, once can at least present information about them.  If one is to present educational information, presenting information is much more useful than presenting someone saying &amp;quot;don't know.&amp;quot;  One could link to and explain http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1955PASP...67..154H for star formation for example.  This would be much more useful to a student or teacher who wants to actually learn about or teach about star formation.  With what is here, one would be tempted to go to another site that has the information instead. --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 00:38, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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: Quotes of scientists that are critical of theories should be included.  They should not be concealed here, or merely linked to.  As long as the quotes were said, and particularly if they go against the interest of the speaker, they should be here.&lt;br /&gt;
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: Claims about the age of the universe rely on assumptions and are often not even scientific, as there is no way to falsify such speculation.  See [[Karl Popper]].  I don't have a problem with a section at the end that reviews speculation by some scientists, as long as it is not overstated and does not attempt to convert a liberal opinion into a statement of proven fact.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 01:41, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::No. They aren't speculation and they are falsifiable. If you'd like, I'll be glad to show you how all evidence gathered points to a 14.6 billion year old universe and even explain how they're falsifiable. As far as I see it, rejecting the current accepted cosmological views because you view them as speculation would necessitate rejecting almost every current scientific view since they're based on &amp;quot;speculation.&amp;quot; After all, who's seen an electron? &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 01:58, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::We are dealing with an issue of method.  What do we mean by &amp;quot;scientific fact&amp;quot;?  Are &amp;quot;scientific facts&amp;quot; phenomenoa independently observable in naure, the &amp;quot;fact&amp;quot; there are nine planets for example, or are &amp;quot;facts&amp;quot; determined by a concensus evalution, the &amp;quot;fact&amp;quot; there are eight planets?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:41, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::: First, define planet.  Then we can talk about the question of how many have been discovered orbiting the sun. The definition of a planet is much more difficult than nailing down the distance light travels in a year. --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 14:48, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::We are dealing with an issue of method.  A planet we shall define as '''fact A'''.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:30, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::: I don't quite understand what you are referring to.  We can talk about definitions of planets, and we can talk about how many planets are discovered.  The number of planets around a star is not a 'fact' as such. --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 15:38, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::::::For purposes of this discussion, a planet is defined as fact A, it is observable in nature and undisputed.  How do we determine what constitutes fact A?  Is it done be obesrving nature, or is done by a consensus of professionals?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:55, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::::: The definition of a planet isn't a fact, it is a definition.  Thus the question of if Ceres (previously classified as an asteroid because it was part of the asteroid belt) is a planet, or if Charon is a planet (the center of rotation in the Pluto-Charon system isn't inside of Pluto - potentially an issue with the Earth-Moon system in a few million years too), or if bodies larger than Pluto beyond Pluto's orbit are to be classified as planets too.  If you want to talk about planets, you need to define that word.  The definition of the word is by a consensus of professionals.  It is the same way one divides up the types of stars - O B A F G K M and all the various subtypes.  These are not ''facts'' written in nature, but rather human classifications of objects in an attempt to understand them better. --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 16:02, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::::::ok so we're getting closer to the method.  For example, what ColinR and others wish to insert is '''the fact''' that '''most beleive''' &amp;quot;'''X'''&amp;quot;, (X being undefined as either theory or fact).  But the the fact is, the fact they wish to insert is, the fact that most beleive undefined &amp;quot;'''X'''&amp;quot;.  This is the factual basis of their &amp;quot;facts&amp;quot;, the fact that most people beleive it.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:10, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
(outdent)&lt;br /&gt;
: Lets take another approach to this.  The Andromeda galaxy is about 2.5 million light years away.  This is not a definition, but the conclusion of theories and observations.  Cepheid variable stars have a property that their absolute magnitude is a function of the variable period.  This is backed up by theory and observation and is still being refined.  Now, knowing the apparent magnitude and the period one can compute how far something is away (just as you can guess how far a 100 watt light bulb is away by how dim it is).  There are other approaches that have lead to further refinements (eclipsing binary stars that let astronomers get the mass of the star which in turn is leads to how bright it should be which again, can give you the distance).  This distance is not something that &amp;quot;most astronomers believe that the Andromeda galaxy is about 2.5 million light years away&amp;quot; but rather it is an observable fact that continues to be refined to more precise values.  The [[starlight problem]] is one that YEC have to deal with when talking about astronomy, but it does not alter the distance to the Andromeda galaxy.  Nor does it alter that the most distant objects observable in the universe are about 14.7 billion light years away.&lt;br /&gt;
: One approach to saying &amp;quot;the universe is about 14.7 billion years old&amp;quot; is &amp;quot;Currently, the most distant observable objects in the universe are 14.7 billion light years away.  The implications from this for those who believe in an old universe is that the universe itself is 14.7 billion years old.  For Young Earth Creationists, this is addressed by the [[starlight problem]] which suggests that while the objects are 14.7 billion light years away, with creation light on its way to Earth was also created.&amp;quot; --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 16:27, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:*''The implications from this for those who believe in an old universe is that the universe itself is 14.7 billion years old. ''&lt;br /&gt;
::I don't think we can say this; last I heard, &amp;quot;those who believe in an old universe&amp;quot; don't believe in an old universe. Latest theory says there is more than one universe, perhaps an infinte number of universes.  Of course this is a contradiction, because the term &amp;quot;uni&amp;quot; limits it to only one.  See, these brilliant geniuses painted themselves into a box with this endless speculation which isn't anything more than trying to say there is no God.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:39, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::: My apologies, but ''what?!'' None of this has any implication on the existence of God.  Nor does trying to argue from a word coined in ancient Latin suggest that there is only one (this time confusing definitions and theories).  Science itself is about speculation, making hypothesis, and then trying to prove or disprove those.  I believe that it is perfectly fair to say that the the implications for those who believe in an old universe.  --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 16:46, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::Mtur, forget it. RobS is bent on using psuedo-logic and twisting people's words. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FFD700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:ColinR|ColinR]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;000000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:ColinR|talk]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 16:59, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:: The issue with the quotes as they are included in this article is that they are just the single line quotes.  I would be curious to see the full text of the quote in http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/295/5555/605 rather than just the &amp;quot;... most every prediction by theorists about planetary formation has been wrong.&amp;quot; The citations as they are and the links they go to is just a page of quotes.  Nothing of the article in there itself.  I also question the use of the quote &amp;quot;“We cannot even show convincingly how galaxies, stars, planets, and life arose in the present universe.” Michael Rowan-Robinson, “Review of the Accidental Universe,” New Scientist, Vol. 97, 20 January 1983, p. 186. -- That is 20 years ago.  There has been much progress since then.  If one is to provide a quote, it should be linked to the full text of the article.&lt;br /&gt;
:: And so, I bought a copy of the article...&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;Astrophysicist Scott Tremaine of Princeton University sees these results and Lineweaver and Grether's extrapolation as reasonable quantifications of trends hinted at by the discoveries so far, and he looks forward to coming discoveries. As some monitoring records approach the requisite 12 years, Doppler detection of extrasolar Jupiters may not be far off. And searches are in the works for terrestrial-sized planets by looking for planets passing in front of their stars. But Tremaine remains cautious about what these searches will turn up. Speaking as a theorist, he notes that &amp;quot;most every prediction by theorists about planetary formation has been wrong.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:: This in turn is refering to an earlier passage in the text:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;Extrapolating from trends in mass and orbital distance within this more representative subset, the Australian physicists find that &amp;quot;Jupiters are probably very typical&amp;quot; of the as-yet-unobserved exoplanets, says Lineweaver. They predict that 22 new Jupiter-like exoplanets--as big as Jupiter or larger, orbiting from just beyond the distance of Mars to a bit beyond the distance of Jupiter--will be found orbiting around the 1000 or so stars that have been monitored for more than 3 years. The prospect of familiar-looking planetary systems is more encouraging than earlier extrapolations had suggested, says Lineweaver, because by focusing only on well-studied stars they reduced observational bias and they also included the latest discoveries. (Extrapolation to the abundance of exoplanets as small and distant as Saturn is not yet advisable, the pair says.)&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:: That theories are still being made and disproven and more evidence is coming in every year means that this area remains a rich area for research. If you are going to cite something, cite a paper not a page of out of context quotes.&lt;br /&gt;
:: Going to Surveys Scour the Cosmic Deep and another $10 to Sciencemag.org... this article is talking about how deep field telescopes of galaxies formed about 10 billion years ago matured quicker than some theories suggested.  Why waves of star birth swept through some early galaxies and not others.  And so, the critique of the model:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;As findings from these surveys cascade into the literature, they are shaking up notions about the evolution of star birth in the young cosmos. Observers have found that some galaxies matured quickly after the big bang and then flamed out, forming giant blobs of stars that may have barely changed in at least 10 billion years. Another population of galaxies kept evolving, churning out new stars for eons and gradually settling into mature but mildly fertile galaxies such as our Milky Way.&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;Current theories of galaxy formation can't explain why concussive waves of star birth swept through some early galaxies but not others--and why some of those fierce stellar fires got snuffed after a few billion years. Startled by their own data, a few observers have implied that modelers of the cosmos need new ideas to describe our universe's combustive childhood (Science, 23 January, p. 460).&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;Theorists aren't yet ready to revise equations on their cluttered whiteboards, but they agree that the surveys illuminate serious flaws. &amp;quot;We're starting from a shaky foundation,&amp;quot; says cosmologist Carlos Frenk of the University of Durham, U.K. &amp;quot;We don't understand how a single star forms, yet we want to understand how 10 billion stars form.&amp;quot; Fellow theorist Simon White of the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Garching, Germany, concurs: &amp;quot;The simple recipes in published models do not reproduce the star formation we see. Theorists are now having to grow up.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:: These are paragraphs 3, 4 and 5 of an article that goes on for a few pages. The article is about the observational data of the sky surveys, how previous ones have been lacking in one way or another (too wide and shallow or narrow and deep) and how the observations of several space telescopes at different wavelengths and the improvement of adaptive optics for ground based telescopes are improving the picture of the early universe that will in turn give large amounts of data for theorists to check against. --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 02:32, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:: If you want to quote Carlos Frenk about cosmology, go to an article about cosmology[http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-abs_connect?db_key=AST&amp;amp;sim_query=YES&amp;amp;aut_xct=NO&amp;amp;aut_logic=OR&amp;amp;obj_logic=OR&amp;amp;author=Frenk%2Cc.&amp;amp;object=&amp;amp;start_mon=&amp;amp;start_year=&amp;amp;end_mon=&amp;amp;end_year=&amp;amp;ttl_logic=OR&amp;amp;title=&amp;amp;txt_logic=OR&amp;amp;text=&amp;amp;nr_to_return=100&amp;amp;start_nr=1&amp;amp;start_entry_day=&amp;amp;start_entry_mon=&amp;amp;start_entry_year=&amp;amp;min_score=&amp;amp;jou_pick=NO&amp;amp;ref_stems=&amp;amp;data_and=ALL&amp;amp;group_and=ALL&amp;amp;sort=SCORE&amp;amp;aut_syn=YES&amp;amp;ttl_syn=YES&amp;amp;txt_syn=YES&amp;amp;aut_wt=1.0&amp;amp;obj_wt=1.0&amp;amp;ttl_wt=0.3&amp;amp;txt_wt=3.0&amp;amp;aut_wgt=YES&amp;amp;obj_wgt=YES&amp;amp;ttl_wgt=YES&amp;amp;txt_wgt=YES&amp;amp;ttl_sco=YES&amp;amp;txt_sco=YES&amp;amp;version=1] - not from an article about sky surveys that is being used to disprove existing theories and models.  In paticular, he's being critical of himself[http://star-www.dur.ac.uk/~csf/homepage/ResearchInterests.html] - his research is &amp;quot;large-scale structure, galaxy formation and supercomputer simulations of the formation of cosmic structures.&amp;quot; I am fairly sure that he is working on some new theories and models of star formation that will produce more accurate models (the article above is 3 years old, last month he published &amp;quot;Modelling shock heating in cluster mergers - I. Moving beyond the spherical accretion model&amp;quot; which is exactly what he is talking about the shaky foundation, and back in November 2005 he published &amp;quot;The first generation of star-forming haloes&amp;quot;, a bit earlier he published &amp;quot;Simulations of the formation, evolution and clustering of galaxies and quasars&amp;quot;).  I do not believe it is fair to categorize him as 'critical of the materialistic science.' but rather he is working to extend it. Scott Tremaine was not critical of the work that he was commenting on and though it to be encouraging.  --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 02:39, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I'm not a scientist, but I was my dad and I shared a hobby of astronomy when I was a kid.  It is some of my best memories.  I went to college, I studied science, although I majored in business.  I am a practicing Christian.  This whole argument is really weird.  There is actually no debate among scientists about the fact of the universe being billions of years old.  Why can't God have created this incredible universe back then? Why would anyone of faith try to make up arguments?  If you ''believe'' it to be wrong, then it is a matter of faith, but don't try to make science match your faith.  I can't ''prove'' God exists, but so what?  I know He is there, and I don't need a scientist to tell me he is or isn't.  [[User:JoyousOne|JoyousOne]] 09:18, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::There's not so much an argument about the age of the stars as about the implications this has for [[Young Earth creationism]]. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 09:43, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::Very good point, however if we are going to give a major edit space for the YEC POV should we not do this for all?--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 09:58, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I want to address an earlier comment:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::All ColinR claims is it is a fact that scientists believe something or other, and it is hazy and imprecise what they believe. I believe it is a fact I will hit the power ball for $180 million someday. Does the fact I believe it make it real? &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This statement is confusing facts about nature with facts about stated opinions. &lt;br /&gt;
*There are such things as facts about stated opinions.&lt;br /&gt;
*For example, it is a fact that someone stated &amp;quot;I believe it I will hit the power ball for $180 million someday.&amp;quot; It is not a fact that he will hit the power ball. It is not necessarily a fact that he really does believe this. But it '''is''' a fact that he '''stated''' that he '''believes''' this.&lt;br /&gt;
*How important a fact about a stated opinion is depends on '''whose''' statement it is.&lt;br /&gt;
*A fact about a stated opinion is meaningless to me unless I have a personal judgement about the individual making that statement.&lt;br /&gt;
*My judgement may be different than someone elses.&lt;br /&gt;
*A fact about a stated opinion is interesting to many readers if there are many readers who have personal judgements about the individual making the statement. It is interesting to few readers if there are few readers to have such judgements.&lt;br /&gt;
*Facts about stated opinions are worth putting into an encyclopedia if there are many readers who have such judgements.&lt;br /&gt;
*'''My''' own stated opinions are only interesting to the few people who know whether or not they respect my opinions. They do ''not'' belong in an encyclopedia article even when attributed to me. They belong in an article ''even less'' when no source is given but are simply stated ''ex cathedra:&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
:::&amp;quot;Conservapedia editor &amp;quot;dpbsmith&amp;quot; believes the Mac OS is better than Windows.&amp;quot; Honest, but boring. Nobody cares.&lt;br /&gt;
:::&amp;quot;The Mac OS is better than Windows.&amp;quot; Highly dishonest. It's just my opinion and I'm not even saying so.&lt;br /&gt;
:::&amp;quot;The Mac OS is generally regarded as better than Windows.&amp;quot; Even worse, because it's ''concealing'' the fact that it's just my opinion.&lt;br /&gt;
:::&amp;quot;The late science-fiction author Douglas Adams was a Macintosh fan.&amp;quot; Now we're getting ''somewhere,'' because there ''are'' people who care about his opinion. ''And'' by identifying him as a science-fiction author, everyone can judge whether they care to pay attention to such a person's opinions about computer operating systems.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Finally, I'd add that what is most important is that all widely-held opinions ''be mentioned.'' Relatively little harm is done to (say) creationism if a teacher spends ten minutes telling a class what creationism is, who believes it and why... even if he or she goes on with ten hours or days of evolution. The harm is when a class never hears ''anything'' about creationism, or, worse yet, when a creationist in the classroom is left thinking &amp;quot;Nobody believes this but me.&amp;quot; And, of course, this works the other way around as well. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 17:01, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
P. S. '''I''' before '''E,'''&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
except after '''C,'''&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
or when sounded like '''A'''&amp;lt;br&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
(as in ''neighbor'' and ''weigh'')&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
And ''seize/inveigle/either,''&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
''Weird/leisure/neither.''&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
(You don't have to be an Einstein to be aware of other exceptions, but that jingle does cover most of the usual cases...) [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith]] 17:04, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Thank you for that well deserved criticism.  What this seems to say is scientific facts are determined by the ''credibility'' of the concensus.  Is that correct?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:22, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Well what do ''you'' think an acceptable definition of &amp;quot;Facts&amp;quot; is? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 18:21, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== On protection and revert of my edits ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I believe I have previously pointed that the quotes are not in support of the stated position that was given with the above references in this page.  Furthermore, the quotes themselves link to a page of quotes and not to the articles which is of no educational value.  Could someone please remove the quotes or provide less misleading context for the quotes. --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 16:29, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::I don't believe you did or can demonstrate your contention. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 17:07, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::: Could you please address these as an item by item failure instead of the general case?  I am also having difficulty finding the full text to “Review of the Accidental Universe,” New Scientist, Vol. 97, 20 January 1983, p. 186 which is a 24 year old publication.  If you could provide the full text so that it would be possible to look at the rest of it and see if what is being mentioned has been updated?  --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 17:15, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Conservative, so you lock the page once again and revert to the stuff about evolution which has no place in this article other than to push your POV.  Seems like vandalism to me...--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 17:11, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:This is article about _astronomy_, not about Young earth creationism. Please, do not copy other theories here, link only to them and unlock this. --[[User:Aulis Eskola|Aulis Eskola]] 17:39, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To further elaborate and make it easier to track... --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 17:28, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
=== Scott Tremaine ===&lt;br /&gt;
The quote &amp;quot;...most every prediction by theorists about planetary formation has been wrong.&amp;quot; is warning about being too enthusiastic about the predictions made earlier in the article about planet formation.  The paragraph that this starts out with is &amp;quot;Astrophysicist Scott Tremaine of Princeton University sees these results and Lineweaver and Grether's extrapolation as reasonable quantifications of trends hinted at by the discoveries so far, and he looks forward to coming discoveries.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Carlos Frenk ===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;We don’t understand how a single star forms, yet we want to understand how 10 billion stars form.&amp;quot; is about the models that are being used to simulate the formation of a galaxy which are having difficulty with recent sky surveys of galaxies with a redshift of about 2.3.  Carlos Frenk is an astrophysicist who's work is supercomputer modeling of star formation and has published papers such as &amp;quot;Modeling shock heating in cluster mergers - I. Moving beyond the spherical accretion model&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;The first generation of star-forming halos&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Simulations of the formation, evolution and clustering of galaxies and quasars&amp;quot;.  In this quote he is being critical of himself and saying that he needs more data (which the article is about - better sky surveys) to work from.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Michael Rowan-Robinson ===&lt;br /&gt;
The quote &amp;quot;We cannot even show convincingly how galaxies, stars, planets, and life arose in the present universe.&amp;quot; is from 1983, years before the Hubble Telescope was launched and supercomputers were very limited.  Astronomy has progressed significantly since then.  This quote is out of date.  The referenced article has yet to be found to show the complete text of the material and the context of it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Commentary ===&lt;br /&gt;
:::I guess we will agree to disagree.  Mr. Tremaine made a candid admission and given the track record of previous models one should certain be cautious about accepting Mr. Tremaine's materialistic explanation.  I believe the star quote is very explicit and irrefutable.  I guess we will also disagree about the third quote.  I am skeptical that old universe astronomy has really progressed as seen by the 2002 and 2004 quotes. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 17:40, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::I thought the Hubble was another example of scientists scamming the public purse for more money; we spent $30 billion to launch it, and when it got there it didn't work, so we had to spend a couple billion more to fix it (guess who got paid twice for not doing their job right the first time).  You are right, tho.  Facts in 1983 probably aren't facts anymore today, so we should be cautious about what we allege to be scientific facts today.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:51, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::: Can you please provide a citation for the 'couple billion more to fix it'?  I can't seem to find any numbers mentioned for SM1.  --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 17:55, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::: In case you are still hunting, I found it for you http://www.chron.com/content/interactive/space/missions/sts-103/hubble/archive/910702.html - it was about $20 million.  Thats a bit less than a couple billion more. Additionaly, you have the $30  billion wrong http://hubble.nasa.gov/overview/faq.php it cost $1.5 billion to build and put into orbit, and $230-250 million to keep running for a year (collecting data and analyzing it) --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 18:15, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::: You are willing to accept the &amp;quot;past theories have been wrong&amp;quot; but not &amp;quot;sees these results and Lineweaver and Grether's extrapolation as reasonable quantifications of trends hinted at by the discoveries so far, and he looks forward to coming discoveries?&amp;quot;  You cannot pick and choose quotes.  Take it all, with context or none at all.  Carlos Frenk's research is about star formation, he is trying to further it.  The quote in the context of the article is about the need for more and better sky surveys - not saying that the theories are wrong.  Could you provide the full context of the third quote so that one can look at what is stated in the paper and what is stated in current research?  The 2002 and 2004 quotes are about different things than the 1983 quote.  In 1983, there wasn't any hope of looking at extra solar planets.  Now they are being found at a reasonable rate. In 1983, one didn't have the power to model star formation - we do today.  In 1983, scientists were not able to do Xray astronomy or see objects at the distance that the Hubble can today.  Gamma ray flashes were still in their infancy http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/swift/bursts/short_burst_oct5.html (you couldn't see the companion galaxy).  Go to the astronomy department of the local university and ask a professor there what has been discovered since 1983.  Alternatively, look at a astronomy text book from the early 80's and compare it with one today.  --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 17:53, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: I've been asked to come over here and say something.  The quotes are informative but I do think the entry could benefit from some direct discussion of astronomy, like solar system or Milky Way-type stuff.  Maybe it could be developed here first and then inserted into the entry.--[[User:Aschlafly|Aschlafly]] 00:55, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::I am glad you think the quotes are informative in the YEC section.  I agree with you that the article has to be developed. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 01:04, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
That is great Andy, tell conservative to stop locking the article when ever someone edits something that is against his personal beliefs.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 07:15, 5 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I double-checked the quote contexts discovered by Mtur.  Finding them accurate, I noted the quotes' context so they don't mislead.-'''&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#007FFF&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Ames&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;#FF0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;G&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;'''&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[http://www.conservapedia.com/User_talk:AmesG yo!]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 14:03, 6 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==What is this trying to accomplish?==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because velocity = distance/time, a young earth creationists wishing to postulate a universe of approximately 6000 years old faces a number of problems if one uses an ''a priori methodological naturalism'' approach to the issue:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If I am reading this right you are trying to discredit the first paragraph of &amp;quot;Problems for Young Earth Creationism&amp;quot;  by saying that the approach of using v=d/t is not based on prior study or examination of science (derived by natural processes instead of supernatural processes)?  I have to admit you are subtle in your assertions.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 18:38, 8 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Exactly where is the astronomy in this article?  All I see is a big chunk of YEC stuff.  How about some..oh I don't know...information about astronomy?  I think I should point out once again '''NOT ALL CHRISTIANS BELIEVE IN YOUNG EARTH CREATIONSISM''' so why are you guys ramming it down everybody's throat?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 21:08, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Starlight_problem&amp;diff=161346</id>
		<title>Talk:Starlight problem</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Starlight_problem&amp;diff=161346"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T00:39:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Removed &amp;quot;facts&amp;quot; which were not facts.  I will not hesitate to block offenders of the conservapedia commandments. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 20:24, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He means it!  I got blocked for a week for saying light from the Andromeda Galaxy had been traveling for three million years.  [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 20:25, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I'd still like to know how he's going to debunk the parallax measurement technique, which is just highschool geometry, the only variable is the distance between the Earth and the Sun, which is pretty well known, we've even sent space probes to the Sun...&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How come removing information because it doesn't jive with conservative's idea of &amp;quot;facts&amp;quot; is ok, but what is in the article at this moment isn't factual either? Laughable.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 20:39, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== My applogies, but thats funny ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Earth is only 6k years old, but the rest of the universe is billions of years old because of time dilation.  Wouldn't it just be easier to make the Earth a few billion years old too, without invoking divine intervention?  --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 20:30, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: I meant what I wrote.  Please don't change my comments. The first sentence is a restatement of the current article statement.  The second sentence is Occam's Razor.  I am by no means a YEC.  --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 20:33, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::I don't like the dilation idea either.  I prefer setterfield's explanation.  [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 20:34, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Starlight_problem&amp;diff=161344</id>
		<title>Talk:Starlight problem</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Starlight_problem&amp;diff=161344"/>
		<updated>2007-05-15T00:39:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Removed &amp;quot;facts&amp;quot; which were not facts.  I will not hesitate to block offenders of the conservapedia commandments. [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 20:24, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He means it!  I got blocked for a week for saying light from the Andromeda Galaxy had been traveling for three million years.  [[User:Czolgolz|Czolgolz]] 20:25, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I'd still like to know how he's going to debunk the parallax measurement technique, which is just highschool geometry, the only variable is the distance between the Earth and the Sun, which is pretty well known, we've even sent space probes to the Sun...&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
How come removing information because it doesn't jive with conservative's idea of &amp;quot;facts&amp;quot; is ok, but what is in the article at this moment isn't factual either?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 20:39, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== My applogies, but thats funny ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Earth is only 6k years old, but the rest of the universe is billions of years old because of time dilation.  Wouldn't it just be easier to make the Earth a few billion years old too, without invoking divine intervention?  --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 20:30, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
: I meant what I wrote.  Please don't change my comments. The first sentence is a restatement of the current article statement.  The second sentence is Occam's Razor.  I am by no means a YEC.  --[[User:Mtur|Mtur]] 20:33, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::I don't like the dilation idea either.  I prefer setterfield's explanation.  [[User:Conservative|Conservative]] 20:34, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Nancy_Pelosi&amp;diff=160950</id>
		<title>Talk:Nancy Pelosi</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Nancy_Pelosi&amp;diff=160950"/>
		<updated>2007-05-14T22:09:14Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Gay Rights and Abortion */&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;== Recommend ==&lt;br /&gt;
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[[Conservapedia:Manual of Style/Politicians]] - [[User:Myk|Myk]] 02:25, 3 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Perhaps users might want to know ''when'' she was first elected, and how many terms she has served, and exactly where her district is.....there are several overlapping the city and county of San Francisco, I seem to remember. --~ [[User:TK|Sysop-TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 20:45, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I would agree with this. Also, we need to look closely at campaign contributions she's given to other members of Congress; it appears with her $50-90 million net worth, she basically purchased the House leadership position by surrounding herself with people she contributed money to get them elected to the House in the first place.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 20:54, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Which see, all previous Speakers.  It is germain, but hardly unusual.  And nothing illegal about it.  Newt and Tip O'Neil gave away millions. I did like your contributed picture better, Rob.  I think it captured her true &amp;quot;inner beauty&amp;quot;. --~ [[User:TK|Sysop-TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 21:00, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Newt and them guys didn't have the personal wealth Pelosi has.  While yes, some of these figures control donors and bring influence that way, I don't beleive there's been a Party leader in recent memory who purchased her way to the top with her own personal fortune as Pelosi has.  And there is no other explanation, how a clearly radical figure who openly confesses to holding radical minority views has been able to assume leadership of not just a major party, but now the the majority party.&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Let's put Pelosi's wealth in perspective; her net worth is approximately twice that of GW Bush &amp;amp; John Edwards who are worth roughly the same, and about half of John Kerry's sole-and separate fortune apart from Theresa.&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Actually I had a better photo yesterday but lost it, still trying to find it.  Amazing what a little bondo and $249 Earl Schieb paint job can do, huh?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 21:08, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Liam.... ==&lt;br /&gt;
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I don't think a hit piece, without citation, even on one so deserving as Madame Speaker, is appropriate.  ;-)  --~ [[User:TK|Sysop-TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 22:55, 5 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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There are citations. I'll add a few more.&lt;br /&gt;
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*Liam, sign your posts, please.  Nothing on her being the first woman Speaker?  I think &amp;quot;Criticism&amp;quot; should fall below the other items on the page, eh?  I complain about the same things on Reagan, etc.  --~ [[User:TK|Sysop-TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 00:59, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Yes, I'm writing more for the Pelosi page right now. And sorry I only just now learned how to sign my posts. --[[User:Go liam|Go liam]] 01:03, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Thanks, Liam...you might want to check check wastingtonpost.com for Thursday's lead editorial..... --~ [[User:TK|Sysop-TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 01:56, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
==Quotation==&lt;br /&gt;
The current &amp;quot;quotation&amp;quot;:''&amp;quot;The gavel of the speaker of the House is in the hands of special interests, and now it will be in the hands of America's children.&amp;quot;'' &lt;br /&gt;
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The actual quote:&amp;quot;When I accept the Speaker's gavel, I will be taking it out of the hands of the special interests and put it into the hands of America's working families and children for a better future. There will be civility, integrity and bipartisanship. We'll conduct ourselves in the manner the American people expect.&amp;quot;[http://www.democrats.org/a/2006/12/middle_class_ma.php]&lt;br /&gt;
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*I am happy to see that Madame Speaker, aside from her foreign policy aspirations, also agrees, through word and deed (using non-union migrant workers at her winery), with the majority of Americans who are against labor unions. --~ [[User:TK|Sysop-TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 17:27, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== NY Post quote...fictitious and misleading... ==&lt;br /&gt;
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The actual, full quote from the article follows....&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Pelosi actually chided the White House for not objecting to the visit to Damascus on Sunday by three GOP House members. &amp;quot;I didn't hear the White House speaking out about that,&amp;quot; she whined. &lt;br /&gt;
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'''Actually, the White House did just that: &amp;quot;We ask that people not go on these trips,&amp;quot; said spokeswoman Perrino. &amp;quot;We discourage it. Full stop.&amp;quot;''' &lt;br /&gt;
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'''Besides, even Pelosi must understand that there's a huge difference between three regular legislators calling on Assad and the Speaker of the House - arguably the highest-ranking Democrat in Congress - doing so.''' &lt;br /&gt;
As such, she is seen as the representative of the president's political opposition - one that desperately seeks to undercut and reverse his foreign policy. &lt;br /&gt;
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More than two centuries ago, Congress passed the Logan Act, which forbids private citizens from negotiating with foreign governments. As an elected official, Pelosi isn't restrained by the law - but its meaning is clear. &lt;br /&gt;
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Negotiating with world leaders - particularly those at odds with the United States - should be left to the president, or those authorized by him to do so.&lt;br /&gt;
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I have removed the quote.--~ [[User:TK|Sysop-TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 17:32, 6 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Hype==&lt;br /&gt;
*''Pelosi indicated at a press conference that she had carried a message from the government of Israel.  She then said she carried a message from the President. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.kxmb.com/getARticle.asp?ArticleId=111801&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Both of her claims about message carrying were lies. Pelosi told reporters the meeting &amp;quot;enabled us to communicate a message from Prime Minister Olmert&amp;quot;. She may face criminal charges.''&lt;br /&gt;
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This is a little hyperbolic, now.  Whose gonna do it, one of the fired US Attorneys?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 20:58, 7 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Well, there are many who were not fired.  And, last I checked, the Attorney General can perform all of their tasks, lol. --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 21:55, 7 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
**Yah but you know the chance of this happening is 1000 to one; you probably got better odd on somebody trying to introduce impeachment proceedings against Bush.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 22:08, 7 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Rob, do I detect some note of disapproval at political appointees being removed from &amp;quot;at the pleasure of&amp;quot; appointments? --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 22:51, 7 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Iglesia, the guy removed in New Mexico is a real scream.  A week after he's removed, the new appointee indicts a former Democratic mayor and the former 30 year Democratic State Senate Majority Leader for embezzeling $4 million during constuction of a new Courthouse (see the irony there--even building a Courthouse is a corrupt enterprise in New Mexico).  And of course $40,000 of the stolen cash ended up in Bill Richardson's campaign chest.  Now considering the Courthouse has been in use now for nearly 5 years, how did this all manage to evade news headlines unitl the day after the US Attorney was removed?  This one will be interesting to follow in Washington.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 22:57, 7 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I actually brokered a interaction between a United States Senator and the Attorney for the San Diego area, where the Senator was demanding action on filing against Illegal Immigrants, which was not being done.  The Senator actually contacted the White House wondering why this particular appointee was refusing to prosecute crimes, unless it was the 6th or so offense.  Fast-forward several months, and this same Senator is one of the chief complainant's against the President, claiming the firings were unjustified and purely political!  I wonder how one takes the &amp;quot;politics&amp;quot; out of political appointments? ROFL! --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 23:12, 7 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Yep. It's like Krauthammer said, Gonzales gets  the boot after this screw up.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 23:26, 7 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== That stuff about Wolf, Pitts, and Aderholt ==&lt;br /&gt;
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It appears that the inclusion of the info about those three congress members is disputed. I'm figuring its a matter of it detracting too much from Pelosi's account of the trip? I suppose that could be the case. It might fit better on the Syria page. Or is there another reason, maybe regarding the way I worded it? Because I could change that too.--[[User:Nomine Cervus|Nomine Cervus]] 07:42, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:*IMO, including the information about the three Republican Representatives is germain, so long as one explains the reason for the mild criticism they received was due to their relative minor stature, compared to the Speaker of the House, who is third in line to the Presidency.  Also, they did not hold press conferences asserting they were the bearer of diplomatic messages.  As stated, it erroneously gave the impression that 1) the White House didn't criticize their going, and 2) maybe because they were of the same political party, they received less heat. You might also google, and add a line their going wasn't something new, dozens of Members of Congress have visited there, much to the displeasure of the White House, including Senator Specter, another Republican. I might add they all got the same baloney words from the dictator. ;-)  --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 07:54, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:**True; there is a big difference between a routine Congressional fact finding mission and (1) a stated aim ''prior'' to undermine US foreign policy (2) all the doggie doo Pelosi stepped in when carrying through her threats.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:26, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== WashPost Editorial ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Um, you know, posting the WP editorial in its entirety probably goes beyond the bounds of &amp;quot;fair use&amp;quot; and into the land of copyright violation.  Maybe it should be excerpted instead?  (especially since it has a link to the full editorial for anyone who wants to read it...) --[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 13:50, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:*LOL.  Sorry, it is fair game.  But nice try. --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 18:20, 11 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::I don't claim to be an expert, nor do I want to belabor the point, but reproducing a copyrighted work ''in full'' is almost certainly a violation.--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 14:48, 12 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Well, thanks for your concern. --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 09:00, 13 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::As someone who has worked in the journalism industry, WJ Thomas is right. Fair use allows for reproducing a couple of paragraphs. You CANNOT reprint a editorial in full unless you have the express permission of the originiator of the material. Proper procedure online is to have a graph or two and then link to where the original material is located.--[[User:Dave3172|Dave3172]] 09:26, 13 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::Indeed. For that matter, it's also a violation of CP's Commandments. [[User:AKjeldsen|AKjeldsen]] 09:28, 13 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*We have actually been over this elsewhere.  Most publications exempt their Editorials from the ususal.  In this case I actually asked the Editor, before using it.  Please try to be less imperious, it isn't friendly. As an Administrator here, I really don't need to be reminded of the Commandments, but I thank you for your dedication. --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 06:26, 15 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Photo==&lt;br /&gt;
You sure that photo was for the meeting with Assad? I thought it came from the Saudi leg of the trip, where she probably did run into more a traditional, conservative, fundemental Islamic society, in which case she is to be commended for taking her revolutionary ideological hat off.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:11, 14 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:The photo was taken while she visited a mosque in Syria.http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/world/2007-04/04/content_843088.htm --[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 16:38, 14 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::So it's incorrect to say she was dressed to visit Assad?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:43, 14 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Also, I thought women couldn't go into mosques?  How does a non-beleiver get an exemptions?  I guess it shows what a woman worth $90 million can purchase for herself, huh?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:44, 14 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::Apparently they can, as the article mentions other (Syrian) women inside the mosque.  It also says that Pelosi visited a tomb said to contain the head of John the Baptist, which is interesting in that I didn't know such a place existed...--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 18:47, 14 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*As I said it, so it was. She met with Assad before or after the mosque deal. Please contact me Rob.   --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 06:23, 15 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:*Article/photo of the Pelosi-Assad meeting (note lack of head covering):  http://www.canada.com/nationalpost/news/story.html?id=34c601f1-6c22-4b09-af24-9786caa71bf9&amp;amp;k=25613--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 09:30, 15 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:*I suggest you spend your time doing constructive edits and creating pages,  rather than arguing items like this. Notice the same suit?  Have you seen the photos of her arrival for the meeting?  Leaving it?  Have you gotten someone at the Speakers office to run it down for you?  No. I didn't think so. I get suspcicious of people who stop to argue things like this. I hope I am wrong. --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 09:35, 15 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::*Not trying to be a pain, just trying to help make Conservapedia an accurate and trustworthy research tool.  Meanwhile, I'm working on edits online and creating larger pages offline.  And if you'd rather I just keep my mouth shut when I see errors, I can do that, too.--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 18:42, 15 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::*Well, I think you know the answer.  Or should. Of course no one wants you to &amp;quot;just keep your mouth shut&amp;quot;.  Certain things I check out before I do them.  Because of my access and background, I just pick up the phone and ask.  Is it important to the integrity of this project as to if the Speaker was snapped entering or leaving the Mosque?  No.  Is it important to the integrity of this project as to exactly when the Speaker removed, wore again, and removed again, her scarf?  No. Did the speaker, within a 24 hour period wear a scarf in difference to their religion, or hers?  Yes.  Does it bother me?  No. I think it common courtesy if she did so.  Is the press making itself look even more inane and marginalizing itself once again, in making this an issue?  Yes.  Is it silly for editors to pick at such things, merely because they self-identify as members of the press?  Yes. As it wasn't that important, I did revert the copy attached to the picture.  But when seeing several dozen such discussions in a day, is my patience and tact impacted to the negative side?  Yes.  --~ [[User:TK|TK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 18:43, 15 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Legislation? Life before Congress? ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Nothing. --~ [[User:TK|&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 18:19, 19 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Harry Hay==&lt;br /&gt;
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Wait--so Pelosi is some sorta child-molester symp because she was in a parade that also happened to have some other old pervert?  That's really really really weak, even for this place.  (Double Wait--Grandpa Walton was gay???)--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 10:21, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:This isn't any old pervert, this is the widely recognized Granddaddy of the organized [[gay rights]] movement in the United States.  And his longtime membership the [[CPUSA]] &amp;amp; NAMBLA is of historic interest to students of Progressive activism.  The commonality of views with other Progressive leaders and activists such as Nancy Pelosi is not just incidental or coincidence.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 10:41, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::I understand who H.H. is.  What I'm saying is, his mere presence in the parade doesn't say anything (factual or otherwise) about Pelosi.  If being in the same parade makes her a suspected commie and pedophile, it would also make commies and pedos out of Borders Books &amp;amp; Music, ROTC-San Francisco, the San Francisco SPCA, KKSF 103.7 FM, the Anti Defamation League, the San Francisco Fire Department, Golden Gate Bridge Director Joseph Blue, Most Holy Redeemer Parish, the Triangle Tae Kwon Do Club, and American Legion Post 448, all of whom were also in the parade along with Hay, Pelosi, and 175 or so other groups/individuals.--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 12:33, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Borders Books &amp;amp; Music, ROTC-San Francisco, the San Francisco SPCA, KKSF 103.7 FM, the Anti Defamation League, the San Francisco Fire Department, Golden Gate Bridge Director Joseph Blue, Most Holy Redeemer Parish, the Triangle Tae Kwon Do Club, and American Legion Post 448 are not Speaker of the US House of Representatives, a Constiutional Office third in line of succession to the Presidency.  And after Bush &amp;amp; Cheney get [[impeachment|impeached]], it will be too late to discover the politcal base of support that created Nancy Pelosi.  Call it [[full disclosure]].  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 12:48, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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All righty, then.  Of course, if that's the standard, perhaps you should add a NAMBLA disclosure to the Rudy Giuliani entry, 'cuz he's done the same thing (marched in &amp;quot;gay pride&amp;quot; parades with NAMBLA).--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 21:35, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Giuliani marched with the &amp;quot;founder of the gay movement in America&amp;quot; [http://bostonphoenix.com/boston/news_features/other_stories/documents/02511115.htm] in this cite compared with Thomas Jefferson, [[Emma Goldman]], and Rosa Parks?  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 22:16, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::Worse than that--he marched directly behind the NAMBLA float in NYC's gay pride parade, right past St. Pat's.  And he's proud to be a supporter and honorary member of the Stonewall Vets Association (Stonewall being the riots that kicked the modern gay rights movement into high gear).--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 23:07, 27 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::You're still mixing apples and oranges.  Harry Hay is the Rosa Parks of gay liberation, and you are discussing something entirely different.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 12:19, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::How is it entirely different?  Pelosi appears in the same parade as a guy who's a gay liberation forefather and NAMBLA supporter (though not a member).  Giuliani appears in a parade with a whole bunch of ''actual'' NAMBLA members, and joins up and hangs out repeatedly and proudly with a whole ''crowd'' of gay lib founders/activists (the Malcolm X's of the movement, if you will), and even rides on their float to lead the parade, and becomes an official member of their group to boot.  If anything, Rudy's transgression (if we can call it that) is worse than Pelosi's...--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 13:34, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::::We don't know if Hay is a member or not.  If NAMBLA has a whole series of his material on their website, who is in what position to who here?  The history shows there would be no NAMBLA, i.e., an above ground organized movement, or as CPUSA members call it, the &amp;quot;open party&amp;quot; engaged in organizational and politcal activity.  And it is absoltulely clear that NAMBLA does much more than advocate issues of &amp;quot;sexual freedom&amp;quot;.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:57, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::I'm not disputing that they're a bunch of lowlife sleazemeisters.  I'm just saying that if it's wrong for Pelosi to associate with them, it's equally wrong for Giuliani (and that the same sort of informational disclosure should be in his entry here).--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 15:57, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::::Let's see a cite.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 15:58, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::::Sure:  &amp;quot;This year’s (&amp;quot;gay pride&amp;quot;) parade, however, in one respect, was different. In the caravan marched the Republican candidate for mayor, Rudy Giuliani....Rudy marched just behind the float of the North-American Man-Boy Love Association.&amp;quot;  Patrick Buchanan, NYPost, 7/17/1993&lt;br /&gt;
:::::::::Buchanan plays the NAMBLA card again.  I'll do a lexis-nexis.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:29, 28 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*I see, too, that the entry sez Pelosi marched &amp;quot;along with&amp;quot; Harry Hay.  The cites show the parade lineup:  Hay, then The SF LGBT Community Center Project, Team San Francisco (whatever that is), the San Francisco Fog Rugby Football Club (I'm bettin' that's some wild scrum!), &amp;quot;Healing Waters&amp;quot;, and ''then'' Pelosi.  Intentional or not, the sentence above makes it sounds like she was at Hay's side, hand in hand, when in reality it would seem that they wouldn't even have been able to see each other.  --[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 20:14, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==All Quarters==&lt;br /&gt;
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A)&amp;quot;All quarters&amp;quot; implies conservatives and liberals, Republicans and Democrats--Pelosi was criticized by one side (the right), not both/all.  B)Yah, Murdoch's NYPost is conservative, the Washington Post editorial page has become increasingly conservative, and the Philadelphia Inquirer (note spelling) piece is not an editorial, but a commentary by a conservative columnist.--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 22:38, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:No one as best I can determine defended Pelosi (no one other than her '''extreme''' liberal base).  Even Pelosi backtracked. The cite says,  &amp;quot;Our message was President Bush’s message&amp;quot;. [http://www.kxmb.com/getARticle.asp?ArticleId=111801]  What, pray tell, does this mean?  Pelosi ''agrees'' with Bush's foreign policy?  Pelosi was out promoting Bush's foreign policy?  Of course she had to say it in Portugal, and not here, cause she'd be skewered by her own base for furthing Bush's efforts to destroy the planet and civilization as we know it.  But she knew by the time she got to Portugal what a colossal farce this trip had been, and had to go on record somewhere disclaiming her actions.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 22:46, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::1) Dems of all stripes defended Pelosi (not just the the &amp;quot;extreme liberal&amp;quot; ones), '''and''' some ''Republicans''(!) did, too.  2)&amp;quot;Our message was Bush's message&amp;quot; clearly means that Pelosi didn't say anything contrary to administration policy or to embarrass the president.  Or, to phrase it another way, she and the president are on the same page.  She continued, &amp;quot;It became clear to President Assad that even though we have our differences in the United States, there is no division between the president and the Congress and the Democrats on the message we wanted him to receive.&amp;quot;  3) She said this in Portugal not because she was trying to hide, but because that's where she was when the reporter reached her by telephone.  --[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 23:16, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Gimme a cite ''after the Washington Post editorial was published'' of a Democrat (outside her base) that defended her.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 00:05, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::April 09, investment banker, respected diplomat, Council on Foreign Relations board member (including chairman of its Terrorism Task Force), semi-hawkish Dem:  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SMTNKwqXpoc   --[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 08:15, 4 May 2007 (EDT) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==See Also?==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Maybe I'm missing something--what do Lorena Ochoa and Ségolène Royal have to do with Pelosi?--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 23:16, 3 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:I second the motion to remove.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 00:05, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:*They could possibly be Democrats, who support Pelosi, however since there isn't any mention of them in the article, I think the editor, WJThomas, should possibly explain......--[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 08:22, 4 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Gay Rights and Abortion==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Should these maybe be separate headings, or is the plan to tie them together somehow?  It's a little confusing as it stands.--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 20:14, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*She's a well known sodomite.  All will reveal in good time. --[[User:TK|&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Sysop-&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;TK]] &amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|/MyTalk]]&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt; 05:18, 11 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wow. that seems a little harsh.  Care to provide some information backing up that claim or are you just relying on character attacks?  Gotta love the fairness of the sysops.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 18:09, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==My Most Humble Edits==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A new Pelosi paragraph shows up, and it has some issues—typos, grammar mistakes, unsupported factual assertions, incomplete information.  I spend a few minutes cleaning it up, and doing so in a way that (I thought) was completely “fair and balanced”, as they say.  But [[User:TK|TK]] reverts the whole enchilada with nary a how-do-you-do, and then locks the article as if I’m vandalizing or somesuch.  So let’s go over said edits in the interest of full disclosure:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:RobS|RobS]] wrote:  “In may 2007 Pelosi stuck in a $25 million pork project that would benefit her rich husband, Paul Pelosi, in the Water Resources Development Act. The project involves renovating ports near four separate commercial real estate properties near owned by Paul Pelosi and will significantly boost the property values.”&lt;br /&gt;
*I changed “may” to “May”, as proper nouns should be capitalized.  No clue why that should be reverted.&lt;br /&gt;
*I added a comma after “2007”.   Ditto.&lt;br /&gt;
*I added in the source of the earmark request, the Port and mayor of SanFran, which happens to be fact (according to the cited National Review article).  The original sentence made it sound as if the earmark was completely Pelosi’s idea, which is not the case.  Even assuming that Pelosi agreed to the request solely to increase her riches, it’s still a fact that it was not (apparently) her idea.  To suggest otherwise is [[deceit]]. &lt;br /&gt;
*I changed “pork project” to “earmark”.  “Pork project” is a loaded term, a value judgement—one person’s pork project is another’s vital economic development—so I went with the more neutral “earmark”.  In addition, the previous paragraph had already noted that “earmarks” are often a source of corruption, so the reader understands that “Pelosi’s earmark” may equal “corruption”.&lt;br /&gt;
*I added “Republicans charge” before “would benefit her rich husband”.  “…''(W)ould'' benefit is a factual assertion, one that is impossible to support.  “Republicans charge…” is more accurate (as that’s what’s going on here).  I’d also accept “conservatives charge…”, or “some charge…”, or drop the “Republicans charge…” and change “would’ to “could”.&lt;br /&gt;
*I removed “rich” modifying “husband”, because A) it’s extraneous (we already know the Pelosis are rich), B) it’s irrelevant to the issue, C) it comes across as pejorative (is it wrong to be rich?).&lt;br /&gt;
*I added “$15billion” in front of the name of the bill, because that’s the size of the bill, and to give some sense of scale to the earmark.&lt;br /&gt;
*In the portion, “…project involves renovating ports near four separate commercial real estate properties…”, I changed “near” to “only a mile”.  “Near” is nebulous, unclear—how near is “near”?  In this case, “near” is a mile or so.  I first considered just “a mile”, but then added “only” to try to keep within the spirit of the original.&lt;br /&gt;
*Later in the same sentence, I also removed a second “near” that was clearly placed there in error (“…''near'' four separate commercial real estate properties ''near'' owned by Paul Pelosi.”—makes no sense).  Again, no need to revert that.&lt;br /&gt;
*Changed “will” to “may” in, “will significantly boost the property values.”  As above (see “would”), an unsupportable factual assertion.  &lt;br /&gt;
*At the end of the paragraph, I changed “Pelosi’s” to “Pelosis” (plural, not possessive).  Once again, no reason to revert spelling/grammar errors.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In addition, the article could/should note (if you want to make Pelosi sound more craven) that,  A) the Pelosis increased their SF real estate holdings in December, perhaps in anticipation of her Speakership (and therefore the ability to get the previously-rejected earmark passed), and B) new House ethics rules (pushed by Pelosi) require sponsors of earmarks to sign a statement  saying they will not personally benefit from said earmark (which Pelosi did), and that the nature of the controversy is “whether she acted properly when she certified that she had no financial interest in the waterfront redevelopment project, given the possibility, however speculative, that it could cause the value of her husband’s property to rise.”  Both points are in the cited article, and would bring clarity to that section of the entry.--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 12:22, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*''the source of the earmark request, the Port and mayor of SanFran''&lt;br /&gt;
:Going into the relationship between the mayor of San Fransisco &amp;amp; the San Fransisco's highest ranking member of its Congressional delegation may be somewhat extraneous, but it could be done if necessary.&lt;br /&gt;
*Pork is what is is.&lt;br /&gt;
*''Republicans charge''&lt;br /&gt;
:This is AP reporting; we are not AP.&lt;br /&gt;
*Given it is the rich responsible for all the worlds problems, from oppressing minimum wage workers to Halliburton starting the war in Iraq, this is an extremely important point.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:15, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::*The Mayor/Pelosi relationship may be extraneous, but the fact that the Port and Mayor made the original request is not.&lt;br /&gt;
::*AP is '''reporting''' ''Republican charges''.--[[User:WJThomas|WJThomas]] 17:45, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::That's right.  We are not AP.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:47, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Re: “not one author”  ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Look at the article—how many authors does it have?  &lt;br /&gt;
Now if you like your characterization better—that’s fine, but don’t try to justify your edits by mischaracterizing the facts.  --[[User:Reginod|Reginod]] 13:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:One man's earmark is another mans pork.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 13:33, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::I see three problems with this--&lt;br /&gt;
:::This is a total non sequitur and it fails to respond to my point.  It even manages to be about a totally different edit.&lt;br /&gt;
:::The article says earmark—not pork—find an article that says pork and I won’t touch it, but since the author being used as an authority here chose to call it an earmark that’s what the article here should say. &lt;br /&gt;
:::Pork is spending for the sake of spending alone—like a bridge to no where—the article suggests that this spending is something that actually provide some real benefit, suggesting it is not actually pork (but see point two above, find a source that calls it pork, properly attribute it and I won’t complain)&lt;br /&gt;
::--[[User:Reginod|Reginod]] 13:44, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::Pork benefits the home state of district, depending if your Senator or House member.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 14:05, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::You are still not responding to the substance of my post—and are not responding at all to the initial post.  &lt;br /&gt;
::::Not all earmarks are pork.  Pork is spending that is a benefit '''only''' to a representative’s district.  If a representative comes from a district where they make Kevlar vests and he/she earmarks millions to buy vests from that factory for the military, it is an earmark and is not pork (assuming the military needs those vests). --[[User:Reginod|Reginod]] 16:49, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::This goes beyond benefiting the district.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:11, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::Then it isn’t pork.--[[User:Reginod|Reginod]] 17:33, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::::So a conflict of interest that benefits the district can be aptly described as pork.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 17:43, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::::::Any funding from the Federal level that benefits only the constituents of the Senator(s)/Representative(s) responsible for that funding can be fairly described as pork.  &lt;br /&gt;
::::::I would say that whether or not there is a conflict of interest is irrelevant to determining if funding is pork or not (For example, a Representative could earmark $1 million to fund a museum to corn in his district, and that would be pork whether or not the Representative, or his family or friends, had any direct financial stake in the funding).--[[User:Reginod|Reginod]] 18:06, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Cross-dressing&amp;diff=160887</id>
		<title>Talk:Cross-dressing</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Cross-dressing&amp;diff=160887"/>
		<updated>2007-05-14T21:29:58Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Trying to be positive here */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;You could spin off a [[Temptation]] article from this. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 16:32, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Indeed.  I was surprised that the link was red. I was sure we'd have something on temptation by now. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FF8700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Vossy|Vossy]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;CC0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Vossy|speak]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 16:34, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Trying to be positive here ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But this is terrible. This article has zero-depth. And, frankly, do we need the paragraph at the bottom? I mean, honestly, why not just describe the act and the attraction to said act and move on? Why all this religious stuff about the wearing of clothes? [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 16:35, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Well, it is in the [[Bible]]. I'm honestly appalled at the practice, but it seems to be gaining more prevalence as time goes on. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FF8700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Vossy|Vossy]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;CC0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Vossy|speak]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 16:38, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::I suppose, but there are a lot of things in the bible, must we include them all every time? [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 16:43, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This site might just have moved beyond satire. Vossy, my man, I ask you this question in all sincerity: ''why'' would God care? I reckon coveting your neighbour's new patio furniture is probably naughtier than this. Anyone up for a game of the Seven Most Trivial Sins? --[[User:Robledo|Robledo]] 16:51, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:I can't tell you Robledo. I also am at a loss to understand why [[J. Edgar Hoover]] would engage in such a practice. Patio furniture, I imagine, is somehow less interesting. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FF8700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Vossy|Vossy]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;CC0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Vossy|speak]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 03:28, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So if I wear a skirt will I go to hell?  What exactly constitutes female and male clothing?  Some Pacific islanders wear sarongs, which look like skirts to me.  Scots wear kilts, those are definitely skirts.  Does God hate islanders and Scots?  Should I stone to death the Scotish guy that lives next door to me?  What about a woman that wears pants?  Is she doomed to eternal hellfire?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 14:05, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Maybe the Deut quotation really means &amp;quot;thou shalt not ''borrow'' the garb of the other gender&amp;quot;?  Since, by simple definition, any clothing I might own is a man's clothing, so I can wear it.  But if a woman friend owns something, it is a woman's clothing, and I may not wear it.  Even if it fits, and looks good on me. By the way, this (so far) is one of only three articles in the category &amp;quot;sin&amp;quot;.  [[User:Human|Human]] 15:19, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
::I guess it would depend on what is considered male and female clothing.  Is the definition dependent on any particular culture?  Are skirts of all kind feminine clothing?  At one time pants were not worn by women, but they are now.  So are women that wear pants sinful? If in 20 years sundresses are acceptable clothing for men can I wear one and not go to hell?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 17:29, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Not trying to be positive ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is an encyclopedia article, not a Jack Chick tract. You don't have to include a Plan of Salvation with every article that describes an alleged sin. Insofar as a sin is purely a religious transgression, condemnation of cross-dressing as a sin belongs in a section titled &amp;quot;Religious Views on Cross-Dressing&amp;quot; or something like that. If you do quote the Bible, you really must specify which translation you're quoting. If it's your own translation, it might be helpful to indicate where you've strayed from the text -- the text you used renders the Tetragrammaton as &amp;quot;Lord,&amp;quot; but doesn't use the usual typographic conventions to set it apart from any other adonai or kurios. Finally, don't address the reader in an article. You're describing something, not declaiming it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Last, but not least, this article needs pictures. I'd supply one of myself, but my gown is at the dry cleaner's.--[[User:All Fish Welcome|All Fish Welcome]] 17:35, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:And so it is done. I even used a good Evangelical Bible for the Deuteronomy quote. Unfortunately, the CSS for small caps doesn't seem to work here.--[[User:All Fish Welcome|All Fish Welcome]] 17:45, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Ha! That lasted all of five minutes. This article is once again a joke in poor taste. And of course the reverting editor didn't bother explaining his rationale in the summary line ''or'' on the Talk Page. Maybe I should just keep fixing this thing until someone can give me a good, solid reason why we need a Jack Chick-style Plan of Salvation here?--[[User:All Fish Welcome|All Fish Welcome]] 17:57, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Transvestite==&lt;br /&gt;
Isn't there a difference between cross-dressing and being a transvestite?  I think this article speaks more about Transvestitism (sexual gratification from wearing the clothes of the members of the opposite sex) than about the wacky antics of Monty Python or early Western theatre when women weren't allowed to act.  Anybody else? [[User:DrSandstone|DrSandstone]] 17:40, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Homosexuality==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article seems to be a LOT more tolerant of 'alternative' behaviour than, say, the [[Homosexuality]] article.   Should the Corinthians quote not also be added to that entry?   [[User:50something|50something]] 03:23, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160877</id>
		<title>Talk:Neanderthal</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160877"/>
		<updated>2007-05-14T21:25:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Remind me not to spend hours on an article ever again! &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;P.S. please don't &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;stone&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; ban me for expressing my opinion (see First amendment)&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;''Thought by evolutionists to represent some sort of &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot;. In fact, fits well within the normal height-weight ratios of modern humans''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How does the fact that they were physically similar to modern humans in some characteristics preclude them from having lived in caves? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 07:47, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:You need to consider the connotation of ''caveman'', not just its denotation.&lt;br /&gt;
:*denotation: a human being who lives in a cave : cave-dweller&lt;br /&gt;
:*connotation: a primitive (practical subhuman) creature having the appearance of ''homo sapiens'' and yet not really a person&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:This is rough, of course, or I'd simply add it to the article. Do you get my drift? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 07:50, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So why use the term &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot; in the article? In what way does the height/weight ratio of the neanderthals have a bearing on whether they were modern humans or not? Can you link to some evolutionist researh in which neanderthals are described as subhuman? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 08:10, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:No, I can't. I don't know enough about [[human origins]] to do that. You sound like you know more about this than I do. May I offer you some writing tasks to volunteer for? ;-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 08:58, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Good job on this, too bad it isn't going to last long.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 14:29, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Don't mess with this article!==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I wrote 90% of this article and it now falls under my protection: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* I will only allow additions with credible references:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Good&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: accredited news agencies, science journals, university websites and research papers &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Bad&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: blogs, 100 year old books, AiG, CMI,...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* I will not allow creationist material in this article: this one's for science, if you're a YEC, go to a debate page or go vandalize the [[Dinosaur]] article&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:95%? Give me a bit more credit thatn that, it took me a while to get this article properly started. Your work on the article is superb, but I claim th eright to assist with this project. Your work is excellent though, in transforming my text to a full article and I wonder if you would be interested in doing the same for [[Homo]] [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is 90% ok?&lt;br /&gt;
But, yeah, of course you can edit, anyone can edit this, as long as it's properly sourced.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
:: 90%, Ah, go on then, but I am only letting you off on account of the funky photos. [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here goes your article. I hope you have the strength and power to defend your version. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:20, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:What's this about it being under ''your'' protection?  All articles on Conservapedia are subject to being edited by others.  And what's wrong with AiG and CMI as sources?  Just because they have a different worldview to you is no reason to malign them.&lt;br /&gt;
:And what's with the (offensive) distinction between &amp;quot;science&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;creationist material&amp;quot;?  Since when does the atheistic worldview have a monopoly on science?&lt;br /&gt;
:[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I think his claim of &amp;quot;Under his protection&amp;quot; is based on user:conservative's protecting the articles that he writes, the majority of, without allowing other editors, non sysops, to make changes.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 10:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::TimS has it right, I guess. And definitely not &amp;quot;All articles&amp;quot; are open to being edited. &lt;br /&gt;
:::P.S. Fortunately, science is not monopolized by a religious or areligious group/worldview. Many scientists are Christians. But they do science, not religion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:37, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::Some articles (too many) are locked to prevent vandalism or liberal edits, but none are limited to a single author (some essays excepted).&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[physical science|Origins science]] does tend to be monopolised by one religion: atheism.  Even many of the Christians working in science have been bluffed into thinking atheistically.&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:52, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Obviously not. And not. But this is not the place for that kind of discussion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:56, 14 May 2007 (EDT) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::::Then why start it here?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:59, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Why did someone change the opening to this article?  It was well written and factual.  The reference to Mousterian tool tradition is accurate.  Shouldn't the editor give some explanation as to why parts have been removed?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Society in anatomy ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I see alot of items concerning society being included in the anatomy section.  Could someone more wiki-savvy than I clear that up?  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Minor fix...all done[[User:JoyousOne|JoyousOne]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Copyright of images ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What is the copyright status of the images in the article?  A quick glance would suggest to me that they have simply been copied from a web-site.  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:02, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is incorrect==&lt;br /&gt;
CPWebmaster, the Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is not the correct name for the neanderthal. It is Homo neanderthalensis. Neanderthalensis and Sapiens are different species. Please correct.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:04, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article really should be renamed Homo neanderthalensis.  The Homo sapien neanderthalensis classification was largely based on Willian King's 1864 observations and conclusions that Neanderthals were very closely related to modern humans.  Current research into Neanderthal DNA has revealed no evolutionary link between the two species, therefore many anthropologists tend to classfy Neanderthals as a seperate species. [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:14, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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The Smithsonian Institution classifies neanderthal as Homo neanderthalensis http://www.mnh.si.edu/anthro/humanorigins/ha/neand.htm.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:35, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I wasn't going to comment because I should be in bed by now, but would an acceptable compromise be to name the article either &amp;quot;Neanderthal Man&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Neandertal Man&amp;quot; (there's justification for both) and then explain the scientific name(s) in the body of the article?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:45, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Perhaps but it does sidestep the scientific naming of the organism. --[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==History according to Creationists== &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Malnutrition and longer life spans could cause features similar to those seen in Neanderthal skeletons.&amp;quot; If malnutrition was a cause of features then the features would not be passed down to their offspring. Only genetic mutation would cause this, thus speciation. Please explain this stance for as of now it A. shows that neanderthal was speciated B. that the statement is incorrect about nutrition causing the features and that they were homo sapians if they had the same nutritional avaliblity as the rest of man kind.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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The claims that Neanderthals could speak exactly as modern humans is still hotly debated by physical anthropologists.  Stating this as a fact is grossly misleading.  In addition, many of the cranial features of neanderthals are NOT seen in modern humans.  Mainly the abscence of a chin, the extreme prognathic midface, the larger brows, and the much lower cranial vault. The occipital bones protrude alot, and sport a depression caled the suprainiac fossa for the attachment of much larger neck muscles.  There also exists a retromolar gap.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I agree.  CPWebmaster is pulling from the AIG website which has trouble finding empirical evidence for their claims on Neanderthal.  Their mtDNA claim is refuted by what I posted below.  They have not even updated to the new science evidence.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:03, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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OK, how do fossils prove the use of complex syntax in spoken language?  Also the claim that Neanerthals used tools to create complex tools is kinda misleading as well.  Neanderthals didn't make complex tools.  Almost all Neanderthal lithics are in the form of scrapers, flakes, and retouch points.  None of these are &amp;quot;complex&amp;quot; tools.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:30, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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===mtDNA===&lt;br /&gt;
In 1999, scientists successfully extracted a 345 base pair sequence of mtDNA from a second Neandertal, a 29,000 year-old fossil of a baby recently discovered in Mesmaiskaya cave in south-western Russia. (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000, Höss 2000) The results of this study were similar to the previous ones, putting the Mezmaiskaya specimen outside the range of modern human mtDNA. &lt;br /&gt;
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In addition, the two Neandertals are fairly similar, differing from each other in 12 base pairs. The difference is greater than that usually found between pairs of modern Europeans or Asians (only 1% of whom differ in 12 or more places), but comparable to the differences between modern Africans (37% of whom differ by 12 or more).&lt;br /&gt;
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The distance between Mezmaiskaya and a particular modern human sequence known as the reference sequence (Anderson et al. 1981) was 22, compared to 27 for the first Neandertal. (However, no figures are given for the minimum, average and maximum distances between Mezmaiskaya and modern humans; it is unclear whether Mezmaiskaya is in general closer to modern humans than Feldhofer is.)&lt;br /&gt;
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The phylogenetic analyses of Ovchinnikov et al. show the two Neandertals grouped together, and separated from all modern humans. As with the first specimen, Mezmaiskaya also appears to be equidistant from all groups of modern humans, strengthening the conclusion that Neandertals are not closely related to modern Europeans.&lt;br /&gt;
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Because this second individual was discovered about 2,500 km (1,500 miles) from the first, it provides very strong confirmation of the previous results. &lt;br /&gt;
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The fact that its mtDNA was also fairly close to that of the first Neandertal makes it much less likely that Neandertals and the ancestors of modern humans were both part of an interbreeding population with a large amount of mtDNA genetic variation that has been mostly lost:&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;In particular, these data reduce the likelihood that Neanderthals contained enough mtDNA sequence diversity to encompass modern human diversity&amp;quot; (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000)&lt;br /&gt;
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Interestingly, the preservation of the Mezmaiskaya specimen appears to be much better than that of the Feldhofer specimen. It is so good, in fact, that there is a possibility that its entire mtDNA genome may be able to be sequenced, and there is even a possibility that some of its nuclear DNA may be retrievable.&lt;br /&gt;
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mtDNA from a third Neandertal&lt;br /&gt;
In 2000, scientists announced the sequencing of a third Neandertal mtDNA specimen from a cave at Vindija, Croatia (Krings et al. 2000). When the three Neandertals are compared with modern humans, all three of them cluster together, and apart from all modern humans. This conclusion is reinforced by a study by Knight (2003). Knight excluded from the comparison sites in the mtDNA genome which are known to have mutated more than once, and which are therefore poor indicators of phylogenetic relationships. His study strongly confirmed earlier ones showing deeply divergent histories for modern human mtDNA lineages and the known Neandertal ones. &lt;br /&gt;
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Like modern humans, Neandertals had low genetic diversity compared to apes. The diversity of the three Neandertal mtDNA sequences (3.73%) is lower than that of chimpanzees (14.82+/-5.7%) and gorillas (18.57+/-5.26%), and similar to that of modern humans worldwide (3.43+/-1.22%). If modern humans are sorted into continental groups, the diversity of the three Neandertals is similar to (within one standard deviation of) that for Africans, Asians, native Americans and Australian aboriginals, and Oceanians. Modern Europeans, who live in approximately the same region as the Neandertals, have less diversity than the Neandertals. &lt;br /&gt;
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Still more Neandertal mtDNA&lt;br /&gt;
Schmitz et al. (2002) reported on a fourth Neandertal mtDNA sequence from the second Neandertal fossil found at Feldhofer, the site in Germany at which the first Neandertal fossil was found. It was closely related to the previous Neandertal mtDNA sequences. &lt;br /&gt;
Serre et al. (2004) were able to sequence mtDNA from four other Neandertal fossils, along with mtDNA from five early modern humans. The four Neandertals all had mtDNA similar to those found in the previous Neandertals. Serre and his colleagues found no evidence of mtDNA gene flow between modern humans and Neandertals in either direction, but could not rule out the possibility of limited gene flow. Interestingly, the mtDNA sequences from the Vindija Neandertals, which have a less extreme Neandertal anatomy than the classic Neandertals, and are considered transitional between modern humans and classic Neandertals by some scientists, were no closer to modern humans than the rest of the Neandertal fossils. &lt;br /&gt;
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Is the Neandertal outside the human range?&lt;br /&gt;
Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
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Note that because two modern human sequences are 24 bases apart, while the smallest Neandertal/human difference is only 22, does not mean the Neandertal sequence is within the range of modern humans. To use an analogy, suppose we measured the height of 994 adult humans, and they varied from 4'8&amp;quot; to 6'8&amp;quot; (a difference of 24 inches). Suppose we then found a skeleton which was 8'6&amp;quot; in height. No one would claim that it fell within the modern human range because it was closer to the nearest human (22 inches) than the tallest human was from the shortest human (24 inches).&lt;br /&gt;
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Note also that the two figures (22 and 24) are measuring very different things, making it invalid to compare the two figures. Just as the Neandertal was compared against 994 modern humans, any of those humans could be similarly compared against the other 993 humans. We could compute the minimum, average, and maximum distance from that human to the other humans, just as was done for the Neandertal. If we calculated those values for all the humans, we could then calculate minimum, average and maximum values of all the individual minima, averages and maxima, and compare those values against the equivalent values for the Neandertal.&lt;br /&gt;
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We do not know from the Krings et al. 1997 paper the distribution of minimum distances of humans from other humans. The smallest such value is 1. The largest such value might, I suspect, be as much as 5. The same value for the Neandertal is 22, well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
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For average distances of humans to other humans, we know the average value is 8.0. The minimum average distance will be a little less; the maximum average value must be at least 12 (this can be deduced from the fact that there are two humans 24 apart) and less than 24; I would guess it might be about 16 for a highly atypical human. For the Neandertal, the value is 27, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
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For maximum distances, the maximum such value is 24, but for most humans, the maximum distance to any other human will be less than that. The value of 24 is highly atypical, because it is taken between the two individuals who have indepently diverged farthest from mitochondrial Eve, and is the maximum of nearly half a million (994 * 993 / 2) comparisons among modern humans. For the Neandertal, the value is 36, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
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In other words, for all three measurements (minimum, average and maximum distances to other humans), the Neandertal measurement is much larger than the maximum value of the same measurement from a sample of 994 modern humans, and even further from the average value. The Neandertal is not merely outside the human range, but well outside it. &lt;br /&gt;
:--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:53, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Respect!&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
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==Logic==&lt;br /&gt;
From CPWebmaster's talk page &lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When it comes to origins, AIG is obviously more valid than the Smithsonian. I am aware that Homo neanderthalensis is the &amp;quot;accepted&amp;quot; species, but this is merely hopeful thinking by evolutionists. In reality, Homo neanderthalensis is HUMAN. I placed it under a sub-species because I did not want it to conflict with the human article. CPWebmaster 11:49, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:If homo neanderthalensis is human as you said above, then why not list it with Homo sapiens? CPWebmaster, I can not understand why you would perceive AIG as more valid than the Smithsonian. There are thousands more scientists working and submitting to the Smithsonian than AIG. This provides a more critical environment for research. AIG struggles to have PhDs write articles within the scope of their discipline. How many times have you seen a physicist write about biology at AIG? The point is that if you plan to use taxonomy to describe an organism then you must follow taxonomy rules to describe the organism. Meaning if you wish to say that Neanderthal was a subspecies of Homo sapiens then you need to list Neanderthal as Homo sapiens. Otherwise you need to place it back with homo neanderthalensis.--TimS 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I don't know why I'm even trying to correct this article.  You cannot use logic against religious conviction.  No matter what we say he is still going to put a creationist slant on the article.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:23, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Do I even have to mention that based on a taxonomy the way this article is listed Neanderthal is of the same level as European, African, Asian, ect.  If this is the case then why did they die out while Europeans thrived?  If you place any of the other sub races of Homo sapiens into the environment they survive.  (This is assuming that Neanderthal came about due to the tower of Babel, like the other races of man according to YECs)--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 13:22, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== editing ==&lt;br /&gt;
By-the-by, going in and pulling the creationist part above the evolutionist part is kinda pathetic and childish.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I would have to agree, it is a bit sophomoric.  Not to mention the statement of taxonomic labeling.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Somebody found some talking fossils apparently.&lt;br /&gt;
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==Remind me not to spend hours on an article ever again! &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;P.S. please don't &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;stone&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; ban me for expressing my opinion (see [[First amendment]])&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;==&lt;br /&gt;
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Just 2 days after I wrote this article, using only reliable sources, it's already been vandalized beyond recognition, look! It even has quotes of questionable origin already!&lt;br /&gt;
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Do we really have to have this &amp;quot;but creationist assert this and quote &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;mine&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; that, and the flood ...&amp;quot; thingy in every article, there's plenty of that on other pages.&lt;br /&gt;
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I did not claim this article for myself, I just set some guidelines for other editors to keep it factual and respectable (most people out there aren't YECs you know!)&lt;br /&gt;
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Why the f*ck are there no dates in the intro anymore? Do they threaten the emotional comfort of your little &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;medieval&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; sheltered world? You think you're making Jesus proud through ignorance?&lt;br /&gt;
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And yes, of course that picture of neanderthal men came from a website: I can't exactly go take a picture of a living neanderthal myself, now can I?&lt;br /&gt;
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And it's &amp;quot;Homo neanderthlalensis&amp;quot;, not &amp;quot;Homo sapiens neanderthalensis&amp;quot; as in &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;separate&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; species, Tims is a molecular biologist, what are you?&lt;br /&gt;
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What's wrong with writing an article according to the current scientific consensus? Sure I could make something up too, maybe even twist the facts just enough to make everything fit in with Egyptian mythology! But I chose to follow the &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;experts&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; instead.&lt;br /&gt;
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If the reader is a YEC he's not gonna believe this article anyway!&lt;br /&gt;
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AiG more credible than the Smithsonian? &lt;br /&gt;
Yeah, of course &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;a bunch of uneducated hillbillies&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; AiG's YECs are more credible than the Smithsonian's accredited biologists and archaeologists when it comes to science!&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
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Middleman, I agree with you.  I thought this was conservapedia not YECpedia.  No one has said that being a conservative means rejecting science as a whole.  What CPWebmaster did would be considered vandalism if the POV was change.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 13:39, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I tried to add some stuff and keep it scientific, but I was reverted by the ConservativeChristianYoungEarthAntiScience Aganda. Just give up, this site is a joke anyway.  The only reason I know about it is a student of mine actually used it as a source in writing a paper.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:45, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Is it that your information has been removed or merely that creationist viewpoints have been added as well?  I hope both viewpoints are allowed to stand and I hope it is done in a way that is respectful to the work that each of you has put into the article. [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 14:24, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Unfortunatly, no, the overlords have erased information that is scientific in nature and replaced it with their own ideas.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 14:27, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I have created separate articles now, with links to one another at the bottom: one for YECs and one for science, I will revert all creationist material on the evolutionary version, however I don't care about what's being written in the creationist version, feel free to add whatever &amp;quot;alternative worldviews&amp;quot; you want to that one!&lt;br /&gt;
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YEC: [[Homo neanderthalensis (Creationist's view)|here]].&lt;br /&gt;
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Evo: [[Homo neanderthalensis|here]]&lt;br /&gt;
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:::stick with one article please. --[[User:CPAdmin1|Tim &amp;lt;small&amp;gt;(CPAdmin1)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;]]&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User talk:CPAdmin1|talk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 15:42, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
P.S. this particular page (Homo sapiens neanderthalensis) should be deleted for this to avoid confusion.&lt;br /&gt;
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[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
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:Your naming will never survive based upon how you have constructed it.  You'll need to have separate sections with 'Creationist' in one title and 'Evolutionist' in the other.  Also the article called 'Creationist' view appears to be merely a copy of the current article and is replete with information that does not match Creationist thought.  You may wish to consider a different strategy if you wish to have any chance of success. [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 15:08, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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If you don't like it (the creationist version) in its current form you can always edit it.&lt;br /&gt;
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Evolution is the dominant theory, the default setting, creationism is an alternative for a minority.&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
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I am still wanting to see what CPWebmaster's logic is based on what I listed above for the genius and species of Homo Neanderthalensis.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 14:44, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Don't worry, these 3 pages seem to act like coupled photons: whatever you type on one talk page, instantaneously appears on the other two as well!&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;No other organisms, either living or fossil, made tools to make other complex tools, buried their dead, had controlled use of fire, practiced religious ceremonies, used complex syntax in their spoken grammar, and played musical instruments, yet we know from their fossils that Neanderthal engaged in all.&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
I still want to know how a fossilized piece of bone can tell you about complex syntax.  Last time I checked fossils don't talk.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 17:25, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160619</id>
		<title>Talk:Neanderthal</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160619"/>
		<updated>2007-05-14T18:29:52Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: &lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;div&gt;''Thought by evolutionists to represent some sort of &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot;. In fact, fits well within the normal height-weight ratios of modern humans''&lt;br /&gt;
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How does the fact that they were physically similar to modern humans in some characteristics preclude them from having lived in caves? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 07:47, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:You need to consider the connotation of ''caveman'', not just its denotation.&lt;br /&gt;
:*denotation: a human being who lives in a cave : cave-dweller&lt;br /&gt;
:*connotation: a primitive (practical subhuman) creature having the appearance of ''homo sapiens'' and yet not really a person&lt;br /&gt;
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:This is rough, of course, or I'd simply add it to the article. Do you get my drift? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 07:50, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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So why use the term &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot; in the article? In what way does the height/weight ratio of the neanderthals have a bearing on whether they were modern humans or not? Can you link to some evolutionist researh in which neanderthals are described as subhuman? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 08:10, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:No, I can't. I don't know enough about [[human origins]] to do that. You sound like you know more about this than I do. May I offer you some writing tasks to volunteer for? ;-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 08:58, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Good job on this, too bad it isn't going to last long.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 14:29, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Don't mess with this article!==&lt;br /&gt;
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I wrote 90% of this article and it now falls under my protection: &lt;br /&gt;
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* I will only allow additions with credible references:&lt;br /&gt;
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:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Good&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: accredited news agencies, science journals, university websites and research papers &lt;br /&gt;
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:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Bad&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: blogs, 100 year old books, AiG, CMI,...&lt;br /&gt;
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* I will not allow creationist material in this article: this one's for science, if you're a YEC, go to a debate page or go vandalize the [[Dinosaur]] article&lt;br /&gt;
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[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
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:95%? Give me a bit more credit thatn that, it took me a while to get this article properly started. Your work on the article is superb, but I claim th eright to assist with this project. Your work is excellent though, in transforming my text to a full article and I wonder if you would be interested in doing the same for [[Homo]] [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
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Is 90% ok?&lt;br /&gt;
But, yeah, of course you can edit, anyone can edit this, as long as it's properly sourced.&lt;br /&gt;
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[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
:: 90%, Ah, go on then, but I am only letting you off on account of the funky photos. [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
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Here goes your article. I hope you have the strength and power to defend your version. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:20, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:What's this about it being under ''your'' protection?  All articles on Conservapedia are subject to being edited by others.  And what's wrong with AiG and CMI as sources?  Just because they have a different worldview to you is no reason to malign them.&lt;br /&gt;
:And what's with the (offensive) distinction between &amp;quot;science&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;creationist material&amp;quot;?  Since when does the atheistic worldview have a monopoly on science?&lt;br /&gt;
:[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::I think his claim of &amp;quot;Under his protection&amp;quot; is based on user:conservative's protecting the articles that he writes, the majority of, without allowing other editors, non sysops, to make changes.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 10:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::TimS has it right, I guess. And definitely not &amp;quot;All articles&amp;quot; are open to being edited. &lt;br /&gt;
:::P.S. Fortunately, science is not monopolized by a religious or areligious group/worldview. Many scientists are Christians. But they do science, not religion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:37, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::Some articles (too many) are locked to prevent vandalism or liberal edits, but none are limited to a single author (some essays excepted).&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[physical science|Origins science]] does tend to be monopolised by one religion: atheism.  Even many of the Christians working in science have been bluffed into thinking atheistically.&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:52, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::::Obviously not. And not. But this is not the place for that kind of discussion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:56, 14 May 2007 (EDT) &lt;br /&gt;
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::::::Then why start it here?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:59, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Why did someone change the opening to this article?  It was well written and factual.  The reference to Mousterian tool tradition is accurate.  Shouldn't the editor give some explanation as to why parts have been removed?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Society in anatomy ==&lt;br /&gt;
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I see alot of items concerning society being included in the anatomy section.  Could someone more wiki-savvy than I clear that up?  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Minor fix...all done[[User:JoyousOne|JoyousOne]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Copyright of images ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What is the copyright status of the images in the article?  A quick glance would suggest to me that they have simply been copied from a web-site.  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:02, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is incorrect==&lt;br /&gt;
CPWebmaster, the Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is not the correct name for the neanderthal. It is Homo neanderthalensis. Neanderthalensis and Sapiens are different species. Please correct.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:04, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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This article really should be renamed Homo neanderthalensis.  The Homo sapien neanderthalensis classification was largely based on Willian King's 1864 observations and conclusions that Neanderthals were very closely related to modern humans.  Current research into Neanderthal DNA has revealed no evolutionary link between the two species, therefore many anthropologists tend to classfy Neanderthals as a seperate species. [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:14, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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The Smithsonian Institution classifies neanderthal as Homo neanderthalensis http://www.mnh.si.edu/anthro/humanorigins/ha/neand.htm.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:35, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I wasn't going to comment because I should be in bed by now, but would an acceptable compromise be to name the article either &amp;quot;Neanderthal Man&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Neandertal Man&amp;quot; (there's justification for both) and then explain the scientific name(s) in the body of the article?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:45, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Perhaps but it does sidestep the scientific naming of the organism. --[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==History according to Creationists== &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Malnutrition and longer life spans could cause features similar to those seen in Neanderthal skeletons.&amp;quot; If malnutrition was a cause of features then the features would not be passed down to their offspring. Only genetic mutation would cause this, thus speciation. Please explain this stance for as of now it A. shows that neanderthal was speciated B. that the statement is incorrect about nutrition causing the features and that they were homo sapians if they had the same nutritional avaliblity as the rest of man kind.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The claims that Neanderthals could speak exactly as modern humans is still hotly debated by physical anthropologists.  Stating this as a fact is grossly misleading.  In addition, many of the cranial features of neanderthals are NOT seen in modern humans.  Mainly the abscence of a chin, the extreme prognathic midface, the larger brows, and the much lower cranial vault. The occipital bones protrude alot, and sport a depression caled the suprainiac fossa for the attachment of much larger neck muscles.  There also exists a retromolar gap.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I agree.  CPWebmaster is pulling from the AIG website which has trouble finding empirical evidence for their claims on Neanderthal.  Their mtDNA claim is refuted by what I posted below.  They have not even updated to the new science evidence.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:03, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
OK, how do fossils prove the use of complex syntax in spoken language?  Also the claim that Neanerthals used tools to create complex tools is kinda misleading as well.  Neanderthals didn't make complex tools.  Almost all Neanderthal lithics are in the form of scrapers, flakes, and retouch points.  None of these are &amp;quot;complex&amp;quot; tools.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:30, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===mtDNA===&lt;br /&gt;
In 1999, scientists successfully extracted a 345 base pair sequence of mtDNA from a second Neandertal, a 29,000 year-old fossil of a baby recently discovered in Mesmaiskaya cave in south-western Russia. (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000, Höss 2000) The results of this study were similar to the previous ones, putting the Mezmaiskaya specimen outside the range of modern human mtDNA. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In addition, the two Neandertals are fairly similar, differing from each other in 12 base pairs. The difference is greater than that usually found between pairs of modern Europeans or Asians (only 1% of whom differ in 12 or more places), but comparable to the differences between modern Africans (37% of whom differ by 12 or more).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The distance between Mezmaiskaya and a particular modern human sequence known as the reference sequence (Anderson et al. 1981) was 22, compared to 27 for the first Neandertal. (However, no figures are given for the minimum, average and maximum distances between Mezmaiskaya and modern humans; it is unclear whether Mezmaiskaya is in general closer to modern humans than Feldhofer is.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The phylogenetic analyses of Ovchinnikov et al. show the two Neandertals grouped together, and separated from all modern humans. As with the first specimen, Mezmaiskaya also appears to be equidistant from all groups of modern humans, strengthening the conclusion that Neandertals are not closely related to modern Europeans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because this second individual was discovered about 2,500 km (1,500 miles) from the first, it provides very strong confirmation of the previous results. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The fact that its mtDNA was also fairly close to that of the first Neandertal makes it much less likely that Neandertals and the ancestors of modern humans were both part of an interbreeding population with a large amount of mtDNA genetic variation that has been mostly lost:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;In particular, these data reduce the likelihood that Neanderthals contained enough mtDNA sequence diversity to encompass modern human diversity&amp;quot; (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Interestingly, the preservation of the Mezmaiskaya specimen appears to be much better than that of the Feldhofer specimen. It is so good, in fact, that there is a possibility that its entire mtDNA genome may be able to be sequenced, and there is even a possibility that some of its nuclear DNA may be retrievable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
mtDNA from a third Neandertal&lt;br /&gt;
In 2000, scientists announced the sequencing of a third Neandertal mtDNA specimen from a cave at Vindija, Croatia (Krings et al. 2000). When the three Neandertals are compared with modern humans, all three of them cluster together, and apart from all modern humans. This conclusion is reinforced by a study by Knight (2003). Knight excluded from the comparison sites in the mtDNA genome which are known to have mutated more than once, and which are therefore poor indicators of phylogenetic relationships. His study strongly confirmed earlier ones showing deeply divergent histories for modern human mtDNA lineages and the known Neandertal ones. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Like modern humans, Neandertals had low genetic diversity compared to apes. The diversity of the three Neandertal mtDNA sequences (3.73%) is lower than that of chimpanzees (14.82+/-5.7%) and gorillas (18.57+/-5.26%), and similar to that of modern humans worldwide (3.43+/-1.22%). If modern humans are sorted into continental groups, the diversity of the three Neandertals is similar to (within one standard deviation of) that for Africans, Asians, native Americans and Australian aboriginals, and Oceanians. Modern Europeans, who live in approximately the same region as the Neandertals, have less diversity than the Neandertals. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Still more Neandertal mtDNA&lt;br /&gt;
Schmitz et al. (2002) reported on a fourth Neandertal mtDNA sequence from the second Neandertal fossil found at Feldhofer, the site in Germany at which the first Neandertal fossil was found. It was closely related to the previous Neandertal mtDNA sequences. &lt;br /&gt;
Serre et al. (2004) were able to sequence mtDNA from four other Neandertal fossils, along with mtDNA from five early modern humans. The four Neandertals all had mtDNA similar to those found in the previous Neandertals. Serre and his colleagues found no evidence of mtDNA gene flow between modern humans and Neandertals in either direction, but could not rule out the possibility of limited gene flow. Interestingly, the mtDNA sequences from the Vindija Neandertals, which have a less extreme Neandertal anatomy than the classic Neandertals, and are considered transitional between modern humans and classic Neandertals by some scientists, were no closer to modern humans than the rest of the Neandertal fossils. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is the Neandertal outside the human range?&lt;br /&gt;
Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that because two modern human sequences are 24 bases apart, while the smallest Neandertal/human difference is only 22, does not mean the Neandertal sequence is within the range of modern humans. To use an analogy, suppose we measured the height of 994 adult humans, and they varied from 4'8&amp;quot; to 6'8&amp;quot; (a difference of 24 inches). Suppose we then found a skeleton which was 8'6&amp;quot; in height. No one would claim that it fell within the modern human range because it was closer to the nearest human (22 inches) than the tallest human was from the shortest human (24 inches).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note also that the two figures (22 and 24) are measuring very different things, making it invalid to compare the two figures. Just as the Neandertal was compared against 994 modern humans, any of those humans could be similarly compared against the other 993 humans. We could compute the minimum, average, and maximum distance from that human to the other humans, just as was done for the Neandertal. If we calculated those values for all the humans, we could then calculate minimum, average and maximum values of all the individual minima, averages and maxima, and compare those values against the equivalent values for the Neandertal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We do not know from the Krings et al. 1997 paper the distribution of minimum distances of humans from other humans. The smallest such value is 1. The largest such value might, I suspect, be as much as 5. The same value for the Neandertal is 22, well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For average distances of humans to other humans, we know the average value is 8.0. The minimum average distance will be a little less; the maximum average value must be at least 12 (this can be deduced from the fact that there are two humans 24 apart) and less than 24; I would guess it might be about 16 for a highly atypical human. For the Neandertal, the value is 27, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For maximum distances, the maximum such value is 24, but for most humans, the maximum distance to any other human will be less than that. The value of 24 is highly atypical, because it is taken between the two individuals who have indepently diverged farthest from mitochondrial Eve, and is the maximum of nearly half a million (994 * 993 / 2) comparisons among modern humans. For the Neandertal, the value is 36, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In other words, for all three measurements (minimum, average and maximum distances to other humans), the Neandertal measurement is much larger than the maximum value of the same measurement from a sample of 994 modern humans, and even further from the average value. The Neandertal is not merely outside the human range, but well outside it. &lt;br /&gt;
:--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:53, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Logic==&lt;br /&gt;
From CPWebmaster's talk page &lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When it comes to origins, AIG is obviously more valid than the Smithsonian. I am aware that Homo neanderthalensis is the &amp;quot;accepted&amp;quot; species, but this is merely hopeful thinking by evolutionists. In reality, Homo neanderthalensis is HUMAN. I placed it under a sub-species because I did not want it to conflict with the human article. CPWebmaster 11:49, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:If homo neanderthalensis is human as you said above, then why not list it with Homo sapiens? CPWebmaster, I can not understand why you would perceive AIG as more valid than the Smithsonian. There are thousands more scientists working and submitting to the Smithsonian than AIG. This provides a more critical environment for research. AIG struggles to have PhDs write articles within the scope of their discipline. How many times have you seen a physicist write about biology at AIG? The point is that if you plan to use taxonomy to describe an organism then you must follow taxonomy rules to describe the organism. Meaning if you wish to say that Neanderthal was a subspecies of Homo sapiens then you need to list Neanderthal as Homo sapiens. Otherwise you need to place it back with homo neanderthalensis.--TimS 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I don't know why I'm even trying to correct this article.  You cannot use logic against religious conviction.  No matter what we say he is still going to put a creationist slant on the article.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:23, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Do I even have to mention that based on a taxonomy the way this article is listed Neanderthal is of the same level as European, African, Asian, ect.  If this is the case then why did they die out while Europeans thrived?  If you place any of the other sub races of Homo sapiens into the environment they survive.  (This is assuming that Neanderthal came about due to the tower of Babel, like the other races of man according to YECs)--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 13:22, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== editing ==&lt;br /&gt;
By-the-by, going in and pulling the creationist part above the evolutionist part is kinda pathetic and childish.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I would have to agree, it is a bit sophomoric.  Not to mention the statement of taxonomic labeling.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Somebody found some talking fossils apparently.&lt;br /&gt;
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==Remind me not to spend hours on an article ever again! &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;P.S. please don't &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;stone&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; ban me for expressing my opinion (see [[First amendment]])&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;==&lt;br /&gt;
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Just 2 days after I wrote this article, using only reliable sources, it's already been vandalized beyond recognition, look! It even has quotes of questionable origin already!&lt;br /&gt;
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Do we really have to have this &amp;quot;but creationist assert this and quote &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;mine&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; that, and the flood ...&amp;quot; thingy in every article, there's plenty of that on other pages.&lt;br /&gt;
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I did not claim this article for myself, I just set some guidelines for other editors to keep it factual and respectable (most people out there aren't YECs you know!)&lt;br /&gt;
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Why the f*ck are there no dates in the intro anymore? Do they threaten the emotional comfort of your little &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;medieval&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; sheltered world? You think you're making Jesus proud through ignorance?&lt;br /&gt;
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And yes, of course that picture of neanderthal men came from a website: I can't exactly go take a picture of a living neanderthal myself, now can I?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And it's &amp;quot;Homo neanderthlalensis&amp;quot;, not &amp;quot;Homo sapiens neanderthalensis&amp;quot; as in &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;separate&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; species, Tims is a molecular biologist, what are you?&lt;br /&gt;
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What's wrong with writing an article according to the current scientific consensus? Sure I could make something up too, maybe even twist the facts just enough to make everything fit in with Egyptian mythology! But I chose to follow the &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;experts&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; instead.&lt;br /&gt;
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If the reader is a YEC he's not gonna believe this article anyway!&lt;br /&gt;
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AiG more credible than the Smithsonian? &lt;br /&gt;
Yeah, of course &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;a bunch of uneducated hillbillies&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; AiG's YECs are more credible than the Smithsonian's accredited biologists and archaeologists when it comes to science!&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
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Middleman, I agree with you.  I thought this was conservapedia not YECpedia.  No one has said that being a conservative means rejecting science as a whole.  What CPWebmaster did would be considered vandalism if the POV was change.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 13:39, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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I tried to add some stuff and keep it scientific, but I was reverted by the ConservativeChristianYoungEarthAntiScience Aganda. Just give up, this site is a joke anyway.  The only reason I know about it is a student of mine actually used it as a source in writing a paper.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:45, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Is it that your information has been removed or merely that creationist viewpoints have been added as well?  I hope both viewpoints are allowed to stand and I hope it is done in a way that is respectful to the work that each of you has put into the article. [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 14:24, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Unfortunatly, no, the overlords have erased information that is scientific in nature and replaced it with their own ideas.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 14:27, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160609</id>
		<title>Talk:Neanderthal</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160609"/>
		<updated>2007-05-14T18:27:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Remind me not to spend hours on an article ever again! &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;P.S. please don't &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;stone&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; ban me for expressing my opinion (see First amendment)&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;''Thought by evolutionists to represent some sort of &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot;. In fact, fits well within the normal height-weight ratios of modern humans''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How does the fact that they were physically similar to modern humans in some characteristics preclude them from having lived in caves? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 07:47, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:You need to consider the connotation of ''caveman'', not just its denotation.&lt;br /&gt;
:*denotation: a human being who lives in a cave : cave-dweller&lt;br /&gt;
:*connotation: a primitive (practical subhuman) creature having the appearance of ''homo sapiens'' and yet not really a person&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:This is rough, of course, or I'd simply add it to the article. Do you get my drift? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 07:50, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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So why use the term &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot; in the article? In what way does the height/weight ratio of the neanderthals have a bearing on whether they were modern humans or not? Can you link to some evolutionist researh in which neanderthals are described as subhuman? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 08:10, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:No, I can't. I don't know enough about [[human origins]] to do that. You sound like you know more about this than I do. May I offer you some writing tasks to volunteer for? ;-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 08:58, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Don't mess with this article!==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I wrote 90% of this article and it now falls under my protection: &lt;br /&gt;
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* I will only allow additions with credible references:&lt;br /&gt;
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:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Good&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: accredited news agencies, science journals, university websites and research papers &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Bad&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: blogs, 100 year old books, AiG, CMI,...&lt;br /&gt;
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* I will not allow creationist material in this article: this one's for science, if you're a YEC, go to a debate page or go vandalize the [[Dinosaur]] article&lt;br /&gt;
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[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
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:95%? Give me a bit more credit thatn that, it took me a while to get this article properly started. Your work on the article is superb, but I claim th eright to assist with this project. Your work is excellent though, in transforming my text to a full article and I wonder if you would be interested in doing the same for [[Homo]] [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
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Is 90% ok?&lt;br /&gt;
But, yeah, of course you can edit, anyone can edit this, as long as it's properly sourced.&lt;br /&gt;
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[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
:: 90%, Ah, go on then, but I am only letting you off on account of the funky photos. [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
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Here goes your article. I hope you have the strength and power to defend your version. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:20, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:What's this about it being under ''your'' protection?  All articles on Conservapedia are subject to being edited by others.  And what's wrong with AiG and CMI as sources?  Just because they have a different worldview to you is no reason to malign them.&lt;br /&gt;
:And what's with the (offensive) distinction between &amp;quot;science&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;creationist material&amp;quot;?  Since when does the atheistic worldview have a monopoly on science?&lt;br /&gt;
:[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::I think his claim of &amp;quot;Under his protection&amp;quot; is based on user:conservative's protecting the articles that he writes, the majority of, without allowing other editors, non sysops, to make changes.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 10:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::TimS has it right, I guess. And definitely not &amp;quot;All articles&amp;quot; are open to being edited. &lt;br /&gt;
:::P.S. Fortunately, science is not monopolized by a religious or areligious group/worldview. Many scientists are Christians. But they do science, not religion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:37, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::::Some articles (too many) are locked to prevent vandalism or liberal edits, but none are limited to a single author (some essays excepted).&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[physical science|Origins science]] does tend to be monopolised by one religion: atheism.  Even many of the Christians working in science have been bluffed into thinking atheistically.&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:52, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:::::Obviously not. And not. But this is not the place for that kind of discussion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:56, 14 May 2007 (EDT) &lt;br /&gt;
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::::::Then why start it here?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:59, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Why did someone change the opening to this article?  It was well written and factual.  The reference to Mousterian tool tradition is accurate.  Shouldn't the editor give some explanation as to why parts have been removed?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Society in anatomy ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I see alot of items concerning society being included in the anatomy section.  Could someone more wiki-savvy than I clear that up?  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Minor fix...all done[[User:JoyousOne|JoyousOne]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Copyright of images ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What is the copyright status of the images in the article?  A quick glance would suggest to me that they have simply been copied from a web-site.  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:02, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is incorrect==&lt;br /&gt;
CPWebmaster, the Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is not the correct name for the neanderthal. It is Homo neanderthalensis. Neanderthalensis and Sapiens are different species. Please correct.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:04, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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This article really should be renamed Homo neanderthalensis.  The Homo sapien neanderthalensis classification was largely based on Willian King's 1864 observations and conclusions that Neanderthals were very closely related to modern humans.  Current research into Neanderthal DNA has revealed no evolutionary link between the two species, therefore many anthropologists tend to classfy Neanderthals as a seperate species. [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:14, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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The Smithsonian Institution classifies neanderthal as Homo neanderthalensis http://www.mnh.si.edu/anthro/humanorigins/ha/neand.htm.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:35, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:I wasn't going to comment because I should be in bed by now, but would an acceptable compromise be to name the article either &amp;quot;Neanderthal Man&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Neandertal Man&amp;quot; (there's justification for both) and then explain the scientific name(s) in the body of the article?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:45, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Perhaps but it does sidestep the scientific naming of the organism. --[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History according to Creationists== &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Malnutrition and longer life spans could cause features similar to those seen in Neanderthal skeletons.&amp;quot; If malnutrition was a cause of features then the features would not be passed down to their offspring. Only genetic mutation would cause this, thus speciation. Please explain this stance for as of now it A. shows that neanderthal was speciated B. that the statement is incorrect about nutrition causing the features and that they were homo sapians if they had the same nutritional avaliblity as the rest of man kind.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The claims that Neanderthals could speak exactly as modern humans is still hotly debated by physical anthropologists.  Stating this as a fact is grossly misleading.  In addition, many of the cranial features of neanderthals are NOT seen in modern humans.  Mainly the abscence of a chin, the extreme prognathic midface, the larger brows, and the much lower cranial vault. The occipital bones protrude alot, and sport a depression caled the suprainiac fossa for the attachment of much larger neck muscles.  There also exists a retromolar gap.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I agree.  CPWebmaster is pulling from the AIG website which has trouble finding empirical evidence for their claims on Neanderthal.  Their mtDNA claim is refuted by what I posted below.  They have not even updated to the new science evidence.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:03, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
OK, how do fossils prove the use of complex syntax in spoken language?  Also the claim that Neanerthals used tools to create complex tools is kinda misleading as well.  Neanderthals didn't make complex tools.  Almost all Neanderthal lithics are in the form of scrapers, flakes, and retouch points.  None of these are &amp;quot;complex&amp;quot; tools.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:30, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===mtDNA===&lt;br /&gt;
In 1999, scientists successfully extracted a 345 base pair sequence of mtDNA from a second Neandertal, a 29,000 year-old fossil of a baby recently discovered in Mesmaiskaya cave in south-western Russia. (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000, Höss 2000) The results of this study were similar to the previous ones, putting the Mezmaiskaya specimen outside the range of modern human mtDNA. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In addition, the two Neandertals are fairly similar, differing from each other in 12 base pairs. The difference is greater than that usually found between pairs of modern Europeans or Asians (only 1% of whom differ in 12 or more places), but comparable to the differences between modern Africans (37% of whom differ by 12 or more).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The distance between Mezmaiskaya and a particular modern human sequence known as the reference sequence (Anderson et al. 1981) was 22, compared to 27 for the first Neandertal. (However, no figures are given for the minimum, average and maximum distances between Mezmaiskaya and modern humans; it is unclear whether Mezmaiskaya is in general closer to modern humans than Feldhofer is.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The phylogenetic analyses of Ovchinnikov et al. show the two Neandertals grouped together, and separated from all modern humans. As with the first specimen, Mezmaiskaya also appears to be equidistant from all groups of modern humans, strengthening the conclusion that Neandertals are not closely related to modern Europeans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because this second individual was discovered about 2,500 km (1,500 miles) from the first, it provides very strong confirmation of the previous results. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The fact that its mtDNA was also fairly close to that of the first Neandertal makes it much less likely that Neandertals and the ancestors of modern humans were both part of an interbreeding population with a large amount of mtDNA genetic variation that has been mostly lost:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;In particular, these data reduce the likelihood that Neanderthals contained enough mtDNA sequence diversity to encompass modern human diversity&amp;quot; (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Interestingly, the preservation of the Mezmaiskaya specimen appears to be much better than that of the Feldhofer specimen. It is so good, in fact, that there is a possibility that its entire mtDNA genome may be able to be sequenced, and there is even a possibility that some of its nuclear DNA may be retrievable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
mtDNA from a third Neandertal&lt;br /&gt;
In 2000, scientists announced the sequencing of a third Neandertal mtDNA specimen from a cave at Vindija, Croatia (Krings et al. 2000). When the three Neandertals are compared with modern humans, all three of them cluster together, and apart from all modern humans. This conclusion is reinforced by a study by Knight (2003). Knight excluded from the comparison sites in the mtDNA genome which are known to have mutated more than once, and which are therefore poor indicators of phylogenetic relationships. His study strongly confirmed earlier ones showing deeply divergent histories for modern human mtDNA lineages and the known Neandertal ones. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Like modern humans, Neandertals had low genetic diversity compared to apes. The diversity of the three Neandertal mtDNA sequences (3.73%) is lower than that of chimpanzees (14.82+/-5.7%) and gorillas (18.57+/-5.26%), and similar to that of modern humans worldwide (3.43+/-1.22%). If modern humans are sorted into continental groups, the diversity of the three Neandertals is similar to (within one standard deviation of) that for Africans, Asians, native Americans and Australian aboriginals, and Oceanians. Modern Europeans, who live in approximately the same region as the Neandertals, have less diversity than the Neandertals. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Still more Neandertal mtDNA&lt;br /&gt;
Schmitz et al. (2002) reported on a fourth Neandertal mtDNA sequence from the second Neandertal fossil found at Feldhofer, the site in Germany at which the first Neandertal fossil was found. It was closely related to the previous Neandertal mtDNA sequences. &lt;br /&gt;
Serre et al. (2004) were able to sequence mtDNA from four other Neandertal fossils, along with mtDNA from five early modern humans. The four Neandertals all had mtDNA similar to those found in the previous Neandertals. Serre and his colleagues found no evidence of mtDNA gene flow between modern humans and Neandertals in either direction, but could not rule out the possibility of limited gene flow. Interestingly, the mtDNA sequences from the Vindija Neandertals, which have a less extreme Neandertal anatomy than the classic Neandertals, and are considered transitional between modern humans and classic Neandertals by some scientists, were no closer to modern humans than the rest of the Neandertal fossils. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is the Neandertal outside the human range?&lt;br /&gt;
Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that because two modern human sequences are 24 bases apart, while the smallest Neandertal/human difference is only 22, does not mean the Neandertal sequence is within the range of modern humans. To use an analogy, suppose we measured the height of 994 adult humans, and they varied from 4'8&amp;quot; to 6'8&amp;quot; (a difference of 24 inches). Suppose we then found a skeleton which was 8'6&amp;quot; in height. No one would claim that it fell within the modern human range because it was closer to the nearest human (22 inches) than the tallest human was from the shortest human (24 inches).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note also that the two figures (22 and 24) are measuring very different things, making it invalid to compare the two figures. Just as the Neandertal was compared against 994 modern humans, any of those humans could be similarly compared against the other 993 humans. We could compute the minimum, average, and maximum distance from that human to the other humans, just as was done for the Neandertal. If we calculated those values for all the humans, we could then calculate minimum, average and maximum values of all the individual minima, averages and maxima, and compare those values against the equivalent values for the Neandertal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We do not know from the Krings et al. 1997 paper the distribution of minimum distances of humans from other humans. The smallest such value is 1. The largest such value might, I suspect, be as much as 5. The same value for the Neandertal is 22, well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For average distances of humans to other humans, we know the average value is 8.0. The minimum average distance will be a little less; the maximum average value must be at least 12 (this can be deduced from the fact that there are two humans 24 apart) and less than 24; I would guess it might be about 16 for a highly atypical human. For the Neandertal, the value is 27, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For maximum distances, the maximum such value is 24, but for most humans, the maximum distance to any other human will be less than that. The value of 24 is highly atypical, because it is taken between the two individuals who have indepently diverged farthest from mitochondrial Eve, and is the maximum of nearly half a million (994 * 993 / 2) comparisons among modern humans. For the Neandertal, the value is 36, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In other words, for all three measurements (minimum, average and maximum distances to other humans), the Neandertal measurement is much larger than the maximum value of the same measurement from a sample of 994 modern humans, and even further from the average value. The Neandertal is not merely outside the human range, but well outside it. &lt;br /&gt;
:--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:53, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Logic==&lt;br /&gt;
From CPWebmaster's talk page &lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When it comes to origins, AIG is obviously more valid than the Smithsonian. I am aware that Homo neanderthalensis is the &amp;quot;accepted&amp;quot; species, but this is merely hopeful thinking by evolutionists. In reality, Homo neanderthalensis is HUMAN. I placed it under a sub-species because I did not want it to conflict with the human article. CPWebmaster 11:49, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:If homo neanderthalensis is human as you said above, then why not list it with Homo sapiens? CPWebmaster, I can not understand why you would perceive AIG as more valid than the Smithsonian. There are thousands more scientists working and submitting to the Smithsonian than AIG. This provides a more critical environment for research. AIG struggles to have PhDs write articles within the scope of their discipline. How many times have you seen a physicist write about biology at AIG? The point is that if you plan to use taxonomy to describe an organism then you must follow taxonomy rules to describe the organism. Meaning if you wish to say that Neanderthal was a subspecies of Homo sapiens then you need to list Neanderthal as Homo sapiens. Otherwise you need to place it back with homo neanderthalensis.--TimS 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I don't know why I'm even trying to correct this article.  You cannot use logic against religious conviction.  No matter what we say he is still going to put a creationist slant on the article.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:23, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Do I even have to mention that based on a taxonomy the way this article is listed Neanderthal is of the same level as European, African, Asian, ect.  If this is the case then why did they die out while Europeans thrived?  If you place any of the other sub races of Homo sapiens into the environment they survive.  (This is assuming that Neanderthal came about due to the tower of Babel, like the other races of man according to YECs)--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 13:22, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== editing ==&lt;br /&gt;
By-the-by, going in and pulling the creationist part above the evolutionist part is kinda pathetic and childish.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I would have to agree, it is a bit sophomoric.  Not to mention the statement of taxonomic labeling.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Somebody found some talking fossils apparently.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Remind me not to spend hours on an article ever again! &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;P.S. please don't &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;stone&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; ban me for expressing my opinion (see [[First amendment]])&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Just 2 days after I wrote this article, using only reliable sources, it's already been vandalized beyond recognition, look! It even has quotes of questionable origin already!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Do we really have to have this &amp;quot;but creationist assert this and quote &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;mine&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; that, and the flood ...&amp;quot; thingy in every article, there's plenty of that on other pages.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I did not claim this article for myself, I just set some guidelines for other editors to keep it factual and respectable (most people out there aren't YECs you know!)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Why the f*ck are there no dates in the intro anymore? Do they threaten the emotional comfort of your little &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;medieval&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; sheltered world? You think you're making Jesus proud through ignorance?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And yes, of course that picture of neanderthal men came from a website: I can't exactly go take a picture of a living neanderthal myself, now can I?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And it's &amp;quot;Homo neanderthlalensis&amp;quot;, not &amp;quot;Homo sapiens neanderthalensis&amp;quot; as in &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;separate&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; species, Tims is a molecular biologist, what are you?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What's wrong with writing an article according to the current scientific consensus? Sure I could make something up too, maybe even twist the facts just enough to make everything fit in with Egyptian mythology! But I chose to follow the &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;experts&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; instead.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If the reader is a YEC he's not gonna believe this article anyway!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
AiG more credible than the Smithsonian? &lt;br /&gt;
Yeah, of course &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;a bunch of uneducated hillbillies&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; AiG's YECs are more credible than the Smithsonian's accredited biologists and archaeologists when it comes to science!&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Middleman, I agree with you.  I thought this was conservapedia not YECpedia.  No one has said that being a conservative means rejecting science as a whole.  What CPWebmaster did would be considered vandalism if the POV was change.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 13:39, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I tried to add some stuff and keep it scientific, but I was reverted by the ConservativeChristianYoungEarthAntiScience Aganda. Just give up, this site is a joke anyway.  The only reason I know about it is a student of mine actually used it as a source in writing a paper.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:45, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is it that your information has been removed or merely that creationist viewpoints have been added as well?  I hope both viewpoints are allowed to stand and I hope it is done in a way that is respectful to the work that each of you has put into the article. [[User:Learn together|Learn together]] 14:24, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Unfortunatly, no, the overlords have erased information that is scientific in nature and replaced it with their own ideas.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 14:27, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Carbon_dating&amp;diff=160580</id>
		<title>Carbon dating</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Carbon_dating&amp;diff=160580"/>
		<updated>2007-05-14T18:17:23Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Carbon dating, or carbon-14 dating, is a method for comparing the ages of organic materials such as bones or things made from anything that once lived.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The technique is based on comparing the levels of &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;14&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C and &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;12&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C isotopes in the sample.  When the sample was living, the ratio of &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;14&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C to &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;12&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C in the material is the same as in the atmosphere.  But after death the &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;14&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C isotope decays into N-14, while &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;12&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C does not.  The loss in &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;14&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C is then used to estimate how long ago the sample died, which is typically the same as how long the sample existed.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The rate of decay of &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;14&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C is such that 50% of the &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;14&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C in the sample will decay in 5730 years: 50% of the &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;14&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C in the sample is left, after  11460 years 25% will be left, after 17190 years 12.5% will be left, after 50,000 years only about 1/500th of the &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;14&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C remains - and since even initially it is only present as a minute proportion of the whole (0.0000000001% of all Carbon atoms)&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.enviroliteracy.org/article.php/1006.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, measuring the exact quantity present accurately enough to be of use for dating purposes is extremely difficult. For this reason, scientists do not generally attempt to carbon date material that is believed to be older than about 50,000-60,000 years old.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:C-14decay.JPG|framed|The first-order decay curve of carbon-14 based on the half-life of 5730 years.  Because of the small amount of &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;14&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C remaining after 50,000 years, the rate of decay becomes small.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Limits of Carbon Dating ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
First, it had not been proven scientifically whether the rate of decay of &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;14&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C has remained constant over hundreds or thousands of years: nor has it been proven that it has ''not'' remained constant.  (Notably, the decay of other isotopes that have half-lives over the course of days to microseconds all follow the characteristic first-order kinetics; hundereds of isotopes follow this pattern, and their properties extenstively have been studied.)  Some scientists have suggested, based on experimental observations, that the laws of physics do change over time.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;&amp;quot;The idea that nature's laws change over time was proposed in the 1930s by one of the titans in the history of physics, Paul Dirac of England. According to Dirac's large numbers hypothesis, the force of gravity changed over time.&amp;quot;  See Keay Davidson, &amp;quot;Recent study forces scientists to rethink basic law of physics,&amp;quot; San Francisco ''Chronicle''[http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2005/05/09/MNG5LCLEU41.DTL]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  The &amp;quot;change&amp;quot; discussed here - in a study that is still very controversial - occurred over billions of years, though, and not in the near enough future to have had an effect on the utility of carbon dating (since carbon dating is only useful to date life within the past 50,000 years, only a change within 50,000 years would affect the dating method).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Second, &amp;quot;various plants have differing abilities to exclude significant proportions of the C-14 in their intake. This varies with environmental conditions as well. The varying rates at which &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;14&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C is excluded in plants also means that the apparent age of a living animal may be affected by an animal's diet.  An animal that ingested plants with  relatively low &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;14&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C proportions would be dated older than their true age.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Nondestructive Testing (NDT) Resource Center, &amp;quot;Uncertainty in Carbon Dating&amp;quot;[http://www.ndt-ed.org/EducationResources/CommunityCollege/Radiography/Physics/carbondating.htm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Known Limits in Carbon Dating ==&lt;br /&gt;
Carbon dating cannot give accurate numbers if the sample is younger than 150 years or older than 50,000 years. The inaccuracy for material younger than 150 years is ascribed to changes in the ratio of &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;14&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C to &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;12&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C in the atmosphere.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.talkorigins.org/indexcc/CD/CD011.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Since the half-life of &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;14&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C is only 5715 years, after 50,000 years only about 1/500th of the &amp;lt;SUP&amp;gt;14&amp;lt;/SUP&amp;gt;C remains - and since even initially it is only present as a minute proportion of the whole (0.0000000001% of all Carbon atoms), measuring the exact quantity present with precision enough to be of use for dating purposes is extremely difficult. For this reason, scientists do not generally attempt to carbon date material that is believed to be older than about 50,000-60,000 years old.  However, isotopes with longer half-lives may be used.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Additional anomalous results from carbon dating, which reinforce its limitations, include the inability to date carbonate rocks, which by confound the science behind the dating technique. Citation?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Earth science]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Cross-dressing&amp;diff=160550</id>
		<title>Talk:Cross-dressing</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Cross-dressing&amp;diff=160550"/>
		<updated>2007-05-14T18:05:26Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;You could spin off a [[Temptation]] article from this. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 16:32, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Indeed.  I was surprised that the link was red. I was sure we'd have something on temptation by now. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FF8700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Vossy|Vossy]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;CC0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Vossy|speak]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 16:34, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Trying to be positive here ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
But this is terrible. This article has zero-depth. And, frankly, do we need the paragraph at the bottom? I mean, honestly, why not just describe the act and the attraction to said act and move on? Why all this religious stuff about the wearing of clothes? [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 16:35, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Well, it is in the [[Bible]]. I'm honestly appalled at the practice, but it seems to be gaining more prevalence as time goes on. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FF8700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Vossy|Vossy]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;CC0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Vossy|speak]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 16:38, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::I suppose, but there are a lot of things in the bible, must we include them all every time? [[User:Flippin|Flippin]] 16:43, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This site might just have moved beyond satire. Vossy, my man, I ask you this question in all sincerity: ''why'' would God care? I reckon coveting your neighbour's new patio furniture is probably naughtier than this. Anyone up for a game of the Seven Most Trivial Sins? --[[User:Robledo|Robledo]] 16:51, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:I can't tell you Robledo. I also am at a loss to understand why [[J. Edgar Hoover]] would engage in such a practice. Patio furniture, I imagine, is somehow less interesting. &amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;FF8700&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User:Vossy|Vossy]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;&amp;lt;font color=&amp;quot;CC0000&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[[User_talk:Vossy|speak]]&amp;lt;/font&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 03:28, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So if I wear a skirt will I go to hell?  What exactly constitutes female and male clothing?  Some Pacific islanders wear sarongs, which look like skirts to me.  Scots wear kilts, those are definitely skirts.  Does God hate islanders and Scots?  Should I stone to death the Scotish guy that lives next door to me?  What about a woman that wears pants?  Is she doomed to eternal hellfire?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 14:05, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
== Not trying to be positive ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is an encyclopedia article, not a Jack Chick tract. You don't have to include a Plan of Salvation with every article that describes an alleged sin. Insofar as a sin is purely a religious transgression, condemnation of cross-dressing as a sin belongs in a section titled &amp;quot;Religious Views on Cross-Dressing&amp;quot; or something like that. If you do quote the Bible, you really must specify which translation you're quoting. If it's your own translation, it might be helpful to indicate where you've strayed from the text -- the text you used renders the Tetragrammaton as &amp;quot;Lord,&amp;quot; but doesn't use the usual typographic conventions to set it apart from any other adonai or kurios. Finally, don't address the reader in an article. You're describing something, not declaiming it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Last, but not least, this article needs pictures. I'd supply one of myself, but my gown is at the dry cleaner's.--[[User:All Fish Welcome|All Fish Welcome]] 17:35, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:And so it is done. I even used a good Evangelical Bible for the Deuteronomy quote. Unfortunately, the CSS for small caps doesn't seem to work here.--[[User:All Fish Welcome|All Fish Welcome]] 17:45, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Ha! That lasted all of five minutes. This article is once again a joke in poor taste. And of course the reverting editor didn't bother explaining his rationale in the summary line ''or'' on the Talk Page. Maybe I should just keep fixing this thing until someone can give me a good, solid reason why we need a Jack Chick-style Plan of Salvation here?--[[User:All Fish Welcome|All Fish Welcome]] 17:57, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Transvestite==&lt;br /&gt;
Isn't there a difference between cross-dressing and being a transvestite?  I think this article speaks more about Transvestitism (sexual gratification from wearing the clothes of the members of the opposite sex) than about the wacky antics of Monty Python or early Western theatre when women weren't allowed to act.  Anybody else? [[User:DrSandstone|DrSandstone]] 17:40, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Homosexuality==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article seems to be a LOT more tolerant of 'alternative' behaviour than, say, the [[Homosexuality]] article.   Should the Corinthians quote not also be added to that entry?   [[User:50something|50something]] 03:23, 10 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160520</id>
		<title>Talk:Neanderthal</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160520"/>
		<updated>2007-05-14T17:48:00Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Remind me not to spend hours on an article ever again! &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;P.S. please don't &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;stone&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; ban me for expressing my opinion (see First amendment)&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;''Thought by evolutionists to represent some sort of &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot;. In fact, fits well within the normal height-weight ratios of modern humans''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How does the fact that they were physically similar to modern humans in some characteristics preclude them from having lived in caves? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 07:47, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:You need to consider the connotation of ''caveman'', not just its denotation.&lt;br /&gt;
:*denotation: a human being who lives in a cave : cave-dweller&lt;br /&gt;
:*connotation: a primitive (practical subhuman) creature having the appearance of ''homo sapiens'' and yet not really a person&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:This is rough, of course, or I'd simply add it to the article. Do you get my drift? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 07:50, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So why use the term &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot; in the article? In what way does the height/weight ratio of the neanderthals have a bearing on whether they were modern humans or not? Can you link to some evolutionist researh in which neanderthals are described as subhuman? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 08:10, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:No, I can't. I don't know enough about [[human origins]] to do that. You sound like you know more about this than I do. May I offer you some writing tasks to volunteer for? ;-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 08:58, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Don't mess with this article!==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I wrote 90% of this article and it now falls under my protection: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* I will only allow additions with credible references:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Good&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: accredited news agencies, science journals, university websites and research papers &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Bad&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: blogs, 100 year old books, AiG, CMI,...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* I will not allow creationist material in this article: this one's for science, if you're a YEC, go to a debate page or go vandalize the [[Dinosaur]] article&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:95%? Give me a bit more credit thatn that, it took me a while to get this article properly started. Your work on the article is superb, but I claim th eright to assist with this project. Your work is excellent though, in transforming my text to a full article and I wonder if you would be interested in doing the same for [[Homo]] [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is 90% ok?&lt;br /&gt;
But, yeah, of course you can edit, anyone can edit this, as long as it's properly sourced.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
:: 90%, Ah, go on then, but I am only letting you off on account of the funky photos. [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
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Here goes your article. I hope you have the strength and power to defend your version. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:20, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:What's this about it being under ''your'' protection?  All articles on Conservapedia are subject to being edited by others.  And what's wrong with AiG and CMI as sources?  Just because they have a different worldview to you is no reason to malign them.&lt;br /&gt;
:And what's with the (offensive) distinction between &amp;quot;science&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;creationist material&amp;quot;?  Since when does the atheistic worldview have a monopoly on science?&lt;br /&gt;
:[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I think his claim of &amp;quot;Under his protection&amp;quot; is based on user:conservative's protecting the articles that he writes, the majority of, without allowing other editors, non sysops, to make changes.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 10:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::TimS has it right, I guess. And definitely not &amp;quot;All articles&amp;quot; are open to being edited. &lt;br /&gt;
:::P.S. Fortunately, science is not monopolized by a religious or areligious group/worldview. Many scientists are Christians. But they do science, not religion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:37, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::Some articles (too many) are locked to prevent vandalism or liberal edits, but none are limited to a single author (some essays excepted).&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[physical science|Origins science]] does tend to be monopolised by one religion: atheism.  Even many of the Christians working in science have been bluffed into thinking atheistically.&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:52, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Obviously not. And not. But this is not the place for that kind of discussion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:56, 14 May 2007 (EDT) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::::Then why start it here?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:59, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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Why did someone change the opening to this article?  It was well written and factual.  The reference to Mousterian tool tradition is accurate.  Shouldn't the editor give some explanation as to why parts have been removed?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Society in anatomy ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I see alot of items concerning society being included in the anatomy section.  Could someone more wiki-savvy than I clear that up?  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Minor fix...all done[[User:JoyousOne|JoyousOne]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Copyright of images ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What is the copyright status of the images in the article?  A quick glance would suggest to me that they have simply been copied from a web-site.  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:02, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is incorrect==&lt;br /&gt;
CPWebmaster, the Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is not the correct name for the neanderthal. It is Homo neanderthalensis. Neanderthalensis and Sapiens are different species. Please correct.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:04, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article really should be renamed Homo neanderthalensis.  The Homo sapien neanderthalensis classification was largely based on Willian King's 1864 observations and conclusions that Neanderthals were very closely related to modern humans.  Current research into Neanderthal DNA has revealed no evolutionary link between the two species, therefore many anthropologists tend to classfy Neanderthals as a seperate species. [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:14, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Smithsonian Institution classifies neanderthal as Homo neanderthalensis http://www.mnh.si.edu/anthro/humanorigins/ha/neand.htm.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:35, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I wasn't going to comment because I should be in bed by now, but would an acceptable compromise be to name the article either &amp;quot;Neanderthal Man&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Neandertal Man&amp;quot; (there's justification for both) and then explain the scientific name(s) in the body of the article?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:45, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Perhaps but it does sidestep the scientific naming of the organism. --[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History according to Creationists== &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Malnutrition and longer life spans could cause features similar to those seen in Neanderthal skeletons.&amp;quot; If malnutrition was a cause of features then the features would not be passed down to their offspring. Only genetic mutation would cause this, thus speciation. Please explain this stance for as of now it A. shows that neanderthal was speciated B. that the statement is incorrect about nutrition causing the features and that they were homo sapians if they had the same nutritional avaliblity as the rest of man kind.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The claims that Neanderthals could speak exactly as modern humans is still hotly debated by physical anthropologists.  Stating this as a fact is grossly misleading.  In addition, many of the cranial features of neanderthals are NOT seen in modern humans.  Mainly the abscence of a chin, the extreme prognathic midface, the larger brows, and the much lower cranial vault. The occipital bones protrude alot, and sport a depression caled the suprainiac fossa for the attachment of much larger neck muscles.  There also exists a retromolar gap.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I agree.  CPWebmaster is pulling from the AIG website which has trouble finding empirical evidence for their claims on Neanderthal.  Their mtDNA claim is refuted by what I posted below.  They have not even updated to the new science evidence.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:03, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
OK, how do fossils prove the use of complex syntax in spoken language?  Also the claim that Neanerthals used tools to create complex tools is kinda misleading as well.  Neanderthals didn't make complex tools.  Almost all Neanderthal lithics are in the form of scrapers, flakes, and retouch points.  None of these are &amp;quot;complex&amp;quot; tools.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:30, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===mtDNA===&lt;br /&gt;
In 1999, scientists successfully extracted a 345 base pair sequence of mtDNA from a second Neandertal, a 29,000 year-old fossil of a baby recently discovered in Mesmaiskaya cave in south-western Russia. (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000, Höss 2000) The results of this study were similar to the previous ones, putting the Mezmaiskaya specimen outside the range of modern human mtDNA. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In addition, the two Neandertals are fairly similar, differing from each other in 12 base pairs. The difference is greater than that usually found between pairs of modern Europeans or Asians (only 1% of whom differ in 12 or more places), but comparable to the differences between modern Africans (37% of whom differ by 12 or more).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The distance between Mezmaiskaya and a particular modern human sequence known as the reference sequence (Anderson et al. 1981) was 22, compared to 27 for the first Neandertal. (However, no figures are given for the minimum, average and maximum distances between Mezmaiskaya and modern humans; it is unclear whether Mezmaiskaya is in general closer to modern humans than Feldhofer is.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The phylogenetic analyses of Ovchinnikov et al. show the two Neandertals grouped together, and separated from all modern humans. As with the first specimen, Mezmaiskaya also appears to be equidistant from all groups of modern humans, strengthening the conclusion that Neandertals are not closely related to modern Europeans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because this second individual was discovered about 2,500 km (1,500 miles) from the first, it provides very strong confirmation of the previous results. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The fact that its mtDNA was also fairly close to that of the first Neandertal makes it much less likely that Neandertals and the ancestors of modern humans were both part of an interbreeding population with a large amount of mtDNA genetic variation that has been mostly lost:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;In particular, these data reduce the likelihood that Neanderthals contained enough mtDNA sequence diversity to encompass modern human diversity&amp;quot; (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Interestingly, the preservation of the Mezmaiskaya specimen appears to be much better than that of the Feldhofer specimen. It is so good, in fact, that there is a possibility that its entire mtDNA genome may be able to be sequenced, and there is even a possibility that some of its nuclear DNA may be retrievable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
mtDNA from a third Neandertal&lt;br /&gt;
In 2000, scientists announced the sequencing of a third Neandertal mtDNA specimen from a cave at Vindija, Croatia (Krings et al. 2000). When the three Neandertals are compared with modern humans, all three of them cluster together, and apart from all modern humans. This conclusion is reinforced by a study by Knight (2003). Knight excluded from the comparison sites in the mtDNA genome which are known to have mutated more than once, and which are therefore poor indicators of phylogenetic relationships. His study strongly confirmed earlier ones showing deeply divergent histories for modern human mtDNA lineages and the known Neandertal ones. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Like modern humans, Neandertals had low genetic diversity compared to apes. The diversity of the three Neandertal mtDNA sequences (3.73%) is lower than that of chimpanzees (14.82+/-5.7%) and gorillas (18.57+/-5.26%), and similar to that of modern humans worldwide (3.43+/-1.22%). If modern humans are sorted into continental groups, the diversity of the three Neandertals is similar to (within one standard deviation of) that for Africans, Asians, native Americans and Australian aboriginals, and Oceanians. Modern Europeans, who live in approximately the same region as the Neandertals, have less diversity than the Neandertals. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Still more Neandertal mtDNA&lt;br /&gt;
Schmitz et al. (2002) reported on a fourth Neandertal mtDNA sequence from the second Neandertal fossil found at Feldhofer, the site in Germany at which the first Neandertal fossil was found. It was closely related to the previous Neandertal mtDNA sequences. &lt;br /&gt;
Serre et al. (2004) were able to sequence mtDNA from four other Neandertal fossils, along with mtDNA from five early modern humans. The four Neandertals all had mtDNA similar to those found in the previous Neandertals. Serre and his colleagues found no evidence of mtDNA gene flow between modern humans and Neandertals in either direction, but could not rule out the possibility of limited gene flow. Interestingly, the mtDNA sequences from the Vindija Neandertals, which have a less extreme Neandertal anatomy than the classic Neandertals, and are considered transitional between modern humans and classic Neandertals by some scientists, were no closer to modern humans than the rest of the Neandertal fossils. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is the Neandertal outside the human range?&lt;br /&gt;
Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that because two modern human sequences are 24 bases apart, while the smallest Neandertal/human difference is only 22, does not mean the Neandertal sequence is within the range of modern humans. To use an analogy, suppose we measured the height of 994 adult humans, and they varied from 4'8&amp;quot; to 6'8&amp;quot; (a difference of 24 inches). Suppose we then found a skeleton which was 8'6&amp;quot; in height. No one would claim that it fell within the modern human range because it was closer to the nearest human (22 inches) than the tallest human was from the shortest human (24 inches).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note also that the two figures (22 and 24) are measuring very different things, making it invalid to compare the two figures. Just as the Neandertal was compared against 994 modern humans, any of those humans could be similarly compared against the other 993 humans. We could compute the minimum, average, and maximum distance from that human to the other humans, just as was done for the Neandertal. If we calculated those values for all the humans, we could then calculate minimum, average and maximum values of all the individual minima, averages and maxima, and compare those values against the equivalent values for the Neandertal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We do not know from the Krings et al. 1997 paper the distribution of minimum distances of humans from other humans. The smallest such value is 1. The largest such value might, I suspect, be as much as 5. The same value for the Neandertal is 22, well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For average distances of humans to other humans, we know the average value is 8.0. The minimum average distance will be a little less; the maximum average value must be at least 12 (this can be deduced from the fact that there are two humans 24 apart) and less than 24; I would guess it might be about 16 for a highly atypical human. For the Neandertal, the value is 27, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For maximum distances, the maximum such value is 24, but for most humans, the maximum distance to any other human will be less than that. The value of 24 is highly atypical, because it is taken between the two individuals who have indepently diverged farthest from mitochondrial Eve, and is the maximum of nearly half a million (994 * 993 / 2) comparisons among modern humans. For the Neandertal, the value is 36, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In other words, for all three measurements (minimum, average and maximum distances to other humans), the Neandertal measurement is much larger than the maximum value of the same measurement from a sample of 994 modern humans, and even further from the average value. The Neandertal is not merely outside the human range, but well outside it. &lt;br /&gt;
:--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:53, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Logic==&lt;br /&gt;
From CPWebmaster's talk page &lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When it comes to origins, AIG is obviously more valid than the Smithsonian. I am aware that Homo neanderthalensis is the &amp;quot;accepted&amp;quot; species, but this is merely hopeful thinking by evolutionists. In reality, Homo neanderthalensis is HUMAN. I placed it under a sub-species because I did not want it to conflict with the human article. CPWebmaster 11:49, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:If homo neanderthalensis is human as you said above, then why not list it with Homo sapiens? CPWebmaster, I can not understand why you would perceive AIG as more valid than the Smithsonian. There are thousands more scientists working and submitting to the Smithsonian than AIG. This provides a more critical environment for research. AIG struggles to have PhDs write articles within the scope of their discipline. How many times have you seen a physicist write about biology at AIG? The point is that if you plan to use taxonomy to describe an organism then you must follow taxonomy rules to describe the organism. Meaning if you wish to say that Neanderthal was a subspecies of Homo sapiens then you need to list Neanderthal as Homo sapiens. Otherwise you need to place it back with homo neanderthalensis.--TimS 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I don't know why I'm even trying to correct this article.  You cannot use logic against religious conviction.  No matter what we say he is still going to put a creationist slant on the article.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:23, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Do I even have to mention that based on a taxonomy the way this article is listed Neanderthal is of the same level as European, African, Asian, ect.  If this is the case then why did they die out while Europeans thrived?  If you place any of the other sub races of Homo sapiens into the environment they survive.  (This is assuming that Neanderthal came about due to the tower of Babel, like the other races of man according to YECs)--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 13:22, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== editing ==&lt;br /&gt;
By-the-by, going in and pulling the creationist part above the evolutionist part is kinda pathetic and childish.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I would have to agree, it is a bit sophomoric.  Not to mention the statement of taxonomic labeling.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Somebody found some talking fossils apparently.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Remind me not to spend hours on an article ever again! &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;P.S. please don't &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;stone&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; ban me for expressing my opinion (see [[First amendment]])&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Just 2 days after I wrote this article, using only reliable sources, it's already been vandalized beyond recognition, look! It even has quotes of questionable origin already!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Do we really have to have this &amp;quot;but creationist assert this and quote &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;mine&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; that, and the flood ...&amp;quot; thingy in every article, there's plenty of that on other pages.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I did not claim this article for myself, I just set some guidelines for other editors to keep it factual and respectable (most people out there aren't YECs you know!)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Why the f*ck are there no dates in the intro anymore? Do they threaten the emotional comfort of your little &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;medieval&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; sheltered world? You think you're making Jesus proud through ignorance?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And yes, of course that picture of neanderthal men came from a website: I can't exactly go take a picture of a living neanderthal myself, now can I?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And it's &amp;quot;Homo neanderthlalensis&amp;quot;, not &amp;quot;Homo sapiens neanderthalensis&amp;quot; as in &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;separate&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; species, Tims is a molecular biologist, what are you?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What's wrong with writing an article according to the current scientific consensus? Sure I could make something up too, maybe even twist the facts just enough to make everything fit in with Egyptian mythology! But I chose to follow the &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;experts&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; instead.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If the reader is a YEC he's not gonna believe this article anyway!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
AiG more credible than the Smithsonian? &lt;br /&gt;
Yeah, of course &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;a bunch of uneducated hillbillies&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; AiG's YECs are more credible than the Smithsonian's accredited biologists and archaeologists when it comes to science!&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Middleman, I agree with you.  I thought this was conservapedia not YECpedia.  No one has said that being a conservative means rejecting science as a whole.  What CPWebmaster did would be considered vandalism if the POV was change.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 13:39, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I tried to add some stuff and keep it scientific, but I was reverted by the ConservativeChristianYoungEarthAntiScience Aganda. Just give up, this site is a joke anyway.  The only reason I know about it is a student of mine actually used it as a source in writing a paper.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:45, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160517</id>
		<title>Talk:Neanderthal</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160517"/>
		<updated>2007-05-14T17:45:51Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* Remind me not to spend hours on an article ever again! &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;P.S. please don't &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;stone&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; ban me for expressing my opinion (see First amendment)&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;''Thought by evolutionists to represent some sort of &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot;. In fact, fits well within the normal height-weight ratios of modern humans''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How does the fact that they were physically similar to modern humans in some characteristics preclude them from having lived in caves? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 07:47, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:You need to consider the connotation of ''caveman'', not just its denotation.&lt;br /&gt;
:*denotation: a human being who lives in a cave : cave-dweller&lt;br /&gt;
:*connotation: a primitive (practical subhuman) creature having the appearance of ''homo sapiens'' and yet not really a person&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:This is rough, of course, or I'd simply add it to the article. Do you get my drift? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 07:50, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So why use the term &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot; in the article? In what way does the height/weight ratio of the neanderthals have a bearing on whether they were modern humans or not? Can you link to some evolutionist researh in which neanderthals are described as subhuman? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 08:10, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:No, I can't. I don't know enough about [[human origins]] to do that. You sound like you know more about this than I do. May I offer you some writing tasks to volunteer for? ;-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 08:58, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Don't mess with this article!==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I wrote 90% of this article and it now falls under my protection: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* I will only allow additions with credible references:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Good&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: accredited news agencies, science journals, university websites and research papers &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Bad&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: blogs, 100 year old books, AiG, CMI,...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* I will not allow creationist material in this article: this one's for science, if you're a YEC, go to a debate page or go vandalize the [[Dinosaur]] article&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:95%? Give me a bit more credit thatn that, it took me a while to get this article properly started. Your work on the article is superb, but I claim th eright to assist with this project. Your work is excellent though, in transforming my text to a full article and I wonder if you would be interested in doing the same for [[Homo]] [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is 90% ok?&lt;br /&gt;
But, yeah, of course you can edit, anyone can edit this, as long as it's properly sourced.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
:: 90%, Ah, go on then, but I am only letting you off on account of the funky photos. [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here goes your article. I hope you have the strength and power to defend your version. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:20, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:What's this about it being under ''your'' protection?  All articles on Conservapedia are subject to being edited by others.  And what's wrong with AiG and CMI as sources?  Just because they have a different worldview to you is no reason to malign them.&lt;br /&gt;
:And what's with the (offensive) distinction between &amp;quot;science&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;creationist material&amp;quot;?  Since when does the atheistic worldview have a monopoly on science?&lt;br /&gt;
:[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I think his claim of &amp;quot;Under his protection&amp;quot; is based on user:conservative's protecting the articles that he writes, the majority of, without allowing other editors, non sysops, to make changes.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 10:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::TimS has it right, I guess. And definitely not &amp;quot;All articles&amp;quot; are open to being edited. &lt;br /&gt;
:::P.S. Fortunately, science is not monopolized by a religious or areligious group/worldview. Many scientists are Christians. But they do science, not religion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:37, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::Some articles (too many) are locked to prevent vandalism or liberal edits, but none are limited to a single author (some essays excepted).&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[physical science|Origins science]] does tend to be monopolised by one religion: atheism.  Even many of the Christians working in science have been bluffed into thinking atheistically.&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:52, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Obviously not. And not. But this is not the place for that kind of discussion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:56, 14 May 2007 (EDT) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::::Then why start it here?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:59, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Why did someone change the opening to this article?  It was well written and factual.  The reference to Mousterian tool tradition is accurate.  Shouldn't the editor give some explanation as to why parts have been removed?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Society in anatomy ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I see alot of items concerning society being included in the anatomy section.  Could someone more wiki-savvy than I clear that up?  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Minor fix...all done[[User:JoyousOne|JoyousOne]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Copyright of images ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What is the copyright status of the images in the article?  A quick glance would suggest to me that they have simply been copied from a web-site.  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:02, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is incorrect==&lt;br /&gt;
CPWebmaster, the Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is not the correct name for the neanderthal. It is Homo neanderthalensis. Neanderthalensis and Sapiens are different species. Please correct.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:04, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article really should be renamed Homo neanderthalensis.  The Homo sapien neanderthalensis classification was largely based on Willian King's 1864 observations and conclusions that Neanderthals were very closely related to modern humans.  Current research into Neanderthal DNA has revealed no evolutionary link between the two species, therefore many anthropologists tend to classfy Neanderthals as a seperate species. [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:14, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Smithsonian Institution classifies neanderthal as Homo neanderthalensis http://www.mnh.si.edu/anthro/humanorigins/ha/neand.htm.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:35, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I wasn't going to comment because I should be in bed by now, but would an acceptable compromise be to name the article either &amp;quot;Neanderthal Man&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Neandertal Man&amp;quot; (there's justification for both) and then explain the scientific name(s) in the body of the article?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:45, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Perhaps but it does sidestep the scientific naming of the organism. --[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History according to Creationists== &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Malnutrition and longer life spans could cause features similar to those seen in Neanderthal skeletons.&amp;quot; If malnutrition was a cause of features then the features would not be passed down to their offspring. Only genetic mutation would cause this, thus speciation. Please explain this stance for as of now it A. shows that neanderthal was speciated B. that the statement is incorrect about nutrition causing the features and that they were homo sapians if they had the same nutritional avaliblity as the rest of man kind.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The claims that Neanderthals could speak exactly as modern humans is still hotly debated by physical anthropologists.  Stating this as a fact is grossly misleading.  In addition, many of the cranial features of neanderthals are NOT seen in modern humans.  Mainly the abscence of a chin, the extreme prognathic midface, the larger brows, and the much lower cranial vault. The occipital bones protrude alot, and sport a depression caled the suprainiac fossa for the attachment of much larger neck muscles.  There also exists a retromolar gap.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I agree.  CPWebmaster is pulling from the AIG website which has trouble finding empirical evidence for their claims on Neanderthal.  Their mtDNA claim is refuted by what I posted below.  They have not even updated to the new science evidence.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:03, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
OK, how do fossils prove the use of complex syntax in spoken language?  Also the claim that Neanerthals used tools to create complex tools is kinda misleading as well.  Neanderthals didn't make complex tools.  Almost all Neanderthal lithics are in the form of scrapers, flakes, and retouch points.  None of these are &amp;quot;complex&amp;quot; tools.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:30, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===mtDNA===&lt;br /&gt;
In 1999, scientists successfully extracted a 345 base pair sequence of mtDNA from a second Neandertal, a 29,000 year-old fossil of a baby recently discovered in Mesmaiskaya cave in south-western Russia. (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000, Höss 2000) The results of this study were similar to the previous ones, putting the Mezmaiskaya specimen outside the range of modern human mtDNA. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In addition, the two Neandertals are fairly similar, differing from each other in 12 base pairs. The difference is greater than that usually found between pairs of modern Europeans or Asians (only 1% of whom differ in 12 or more places), but comparable to the differences between modern Africans (37% of whom differ by 12 or more).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The distance between Mezmaiskaya and a particular modern human sequence known as the reference sequence (Anderson et al. 1981) was 22, compared to 27 for the first Neandertal. (However, no figures are given for the minimum, average and maximum distances between Mezmaiskaya and modern humans; it is unclear whether Mezmaiskaya is in general closer to modern humans than Feldhofer is.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The phylogenetic analyses of Ovchinnikov et al. show the two Neandertals grouped together, and separated from all modern humans. As with the first specimen, Mezmaiskaya also appears to be equidistant from all groups of modern humans, strengthening the conclusion that Neandertals are not closely related to modern Europeans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because this second individual was discovered about 2,500 km (1,500 miles) from the first, it provides very strong confirmation of the previous results. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The fact that its mtDNA was also fairly close to that of the first Neandertal makes it much less likely that Neandertals and the ancestors of modern humans were both part of an interbreeding population with a large amount of mtDNA genetic variation that has been mostly lost:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;In particular, these data reduce the likelihood that Neanderthals contained enough mtDNA sequence diversity to encompass modern human diversity&amp;quot; (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Interestingly, the preservation of the Mezmaiskaya specimen appears to be much better than that of the Feldhofer specimen. It is so good, in fact, that there is a possibility that its entire mtDNA genome may be able to be sequenced, and there is even a possibility that some of its nuclear DNA may be retrievable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
mtDNA from a third Neandertal&lt;br /&gt;
In 2000, scientists announced the sequencing of a third Neandertal mtDNA specimen from a cave at Vindija, Croatia (Krings et al. 2000). When the three Neandertals are compared with modern humans, all three of them cluster together, and apart from all modern humans. This conclusion is reinforced by a study by Knight (2003). Knight excluded from the comparison sites in the mtDNA genome which are known to have mutated more than once, and which are therefore poor indicators of phylogenetic relationships. His study strongly confirmed earlier ones showing deeply divergent histories for modern human mtDNA lineages and the known Neandertal ones. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Like modern humans, Neandertals had low genetic diversity compared to apes. The diversity of the three Neandertal mtDNA sequences (3.73%) is lower than that of chimpanzees (14.82+/-5.7%) and gorillas (18.57+/-5.26%), and similar to that of modern humans worldwide (3.43+/-1.22%). If modern humans are sorted into continental groups, the diversity of the three Neandertals is similar to (within one standard deviation of) that for Africans, Asians, native Americans and Australian aboriginals, and Oceanians. Modern Europeans, who live in approximately the same region as the Neandertals, have less diversity than the Neandertals. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Still more Neandertal mtDNA&lt;br /&gt;
Schmitz et al. (2002) reported on a fourth Neandertal mtDNA sequence from the second Neandertal fossil found at Feldhofer, the site in Germany at which the first Neandertal fossil was found. It was closely related to the previous Neandertal mtDNA sequences. &lt;br /&gt;
Serre et al. (2004) were able to sequence mtDNA from four other Neandertal fossils, along with mtDNA from five early modern humans. The four Neandertals all had mtDNA similar to those found in the previous Neandertals. Serre and his colleagues found no evidence of mtDNA gene flow between modern humans and Neandertals in either direction, but could not rule out the possibility of limited gene flow. Interestingly, the mtDNA sequences from the Vindija Neandertals, which have a less extreme Neandertal anatomy than the classic Neandertals, and are considered transitional between modern humans and classic Neandertals by some scientists, were no closer to modern humans than the rest of the Neandertal fossils. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is the Neandertal outside the human range?&lt;br /&gt;
Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that because two modern human sequences are 24 bases apart, while the smallest Neandertal/human difference is only 22, does not mean the Neandertal sequence is within the range of modern humans. To use an analogy, suppose we measured the height of 994 adult humans, and they varied from 4'8&amp;quot; to 6'8&amp;quot; (a difference of 24 inches). Suppose we then found a skeleton which was 8'6&amp;quot; in height. No one would claim that it fell within the modern human range because it was closer to the nearest human (22 inches) than the tallest human was from the shortest human (24 inches).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note also that the two figures (22 and 24) are measuring very different things, making it invalid to compare the two figures. Just as the Neandertal was compared against 994 modern humans, any of those humans could be similarly compared against the other 993 humans. We could compute the minimum, average, and maximum distance from that human to the other humans, just as was done for the Neandertal. If we calculated those values for all the humans, we could then calculate minimum, average and maximum values of all the individual minima, averages and maxima, and compare those values against the equivalent values for the Neandertal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We do not know from the Krings et al. 1997 paper the distribution of minimum distances of humans from other humans. The smallest such value is 1. The largest such value might, I suspect, be as much as 5. The same value for the Neandertal is 22, well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For average distances of humans to other humans, we know the average value is 8.0. The minimum average distance will be a little less; the maximum average value must be at least 12 (this can be deduced from the fact that there are two humans 24 apart) and less than 24; I would guess it might be about 16 for a highly atypical human. For the Neandertal, the value is 27, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For maximum distances, the maximum such value is 24, but for most humans, the maximum distance to any other human will be less than that. The value of 24 is highly atypical, because it is taken between the two individuals who have indepently diverged farthest from mitochondrial Eve, and is the maximum of nearly half a million (994 * 993 / 2) comparisons among modern humans. For the Neandertal, the value is 36, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In other words, for all three measurements (minimum, average and maximum distances to other humans), the Neandertal measurement is much larger than the maximum value of the same measurement from a sample of 994 modern humans, and even further from the average value. The Neandertal is not merely outside the human range, but well outside it. &lt;br /&gt;
:--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:53, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Logic==&lt;br /&gt;
From CPWebmaster's talk page &lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When it comes to origins, AIG is obviously more valid than the Smithsonian. I am aware that Homo neanderthalensis is the &amp;quot;accepted&amp;quot; species, but this is merely hopeful thinking by evolutionists. In reality, Homo neanderthalensis is HUMAN. I placed it under a sub-species because I did not want it to conflict with the human article. CPWebmaster 11:49, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:If homo neanderthalensis is human as you said above, then why not list it with Homo sapiens? CPWebmaster, I can not understand why you would perceive AIG as more valid than the Smithsonian. There are thousands more scientists working and submitting to the Smithsonian than AIG. This provides a more critical environment for research. AIG struggles to have PhDs write articles within the scope of their discipline. How many times have you seen a physicist write about biology at AIG? The point is that if you plan to use taxonomy to describe an organism then you must follow taxonomy rules to describe the organism. Meaning if you wish to say that Neanderthal was a subspecies of Homo sapiens then you need to list Neanderthal as Homo sapiens. Otherwise you need to place it back with homo neanderthalensis.--TimS 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I don't know why I'm even trying to correct this article.  You cannot use logic against religious conviction.  No matter what we say he is still going to put a creationist slant on the article.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:23, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Do I even have to mention that based on a taxonomy the way this article is listed Neanderthal is of the same level as European, African, Asian, ect.  If this is the case then why did they die out while Europeans thrived?  If you place any of the other sub races of Homo sapiens into the environment they survive.  (This is assuming that Neanderthal came about due to the tower of Babel, like the other races of man according to YECs)--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 13:22, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== editing ==&lt;br /&gt;
By-the-by, going in and pulling the creationist part above the evolutionist part is kinda pathetic and childish.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I would have to agree, it is a bit sophomoric.  Not to mention the statement of taxonomic labeling.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Somebody found some talking fossils apparently.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Remind me not to spend hours on an article ever again! &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;P.S. please don't &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;stone&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; ban me for expressing my opinion (see [[First amendment]])&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Just 2 days after I wrote this article, using only reliable sources, it's already been vandalized beyond recognition, look! It even has quotes of questionable origin already!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Do we really have to have this &amp;quot;but creationist assert this and quote &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;mine&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; that, and the flood ...&amp;quot; thingy in every article, there's plenty of that on other pages.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I did not claim this article for myself, I just set some guidelines for other editors to keep it factual and respectable (most people out there aren't YECs you know!)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Why the f*ck are there no dates in the intro anymore? Do they threaten the emotional comfort of your little &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;medieval&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; sheltered world? You think you're making Jesus proud through ignorance?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And yes, of course that picture of neanderthal men came from a website: I can't exactly go take a picture of a living neanderthal myself, now can I?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And it's &amp;quot;Homo neanderthlalensis&amp;quot;, not &amp;quot;Homo sapiens neanderthalensis&amp;quot; as in &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;separate&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; species, Tims is a molecular biologist, what are you?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What's wrong with writing an article according to the current scientific consensus? Sure I could make something up too, maybe even twist the facts just enough to make everything fit in with Egyptian mythology! But I chose to follow the &amp;lt;b&amp;gt;experts&amp;lt;/b&amp;gt; instead.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If the reader is a YEC he's not gonna believe this article anyway!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
AiG more credible than the Smithsonian? &lt;br /&gt;
Yeah, of course &amp;lt;s&amp;gt;a bunch of uneducated hillbillies&amp;lt;/s&amp;gt; AiG's YECs are more credible than the Smithsonian's accredited biologists and archaeologists when it comes to science!&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Middleman, I agree with you.  I thought this was conservapedia not YECpedia.  No one has said that being a conservative means rejecting science as a whole.  What CPWebmaster did would be considered vandalism if the POV was change.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 13:39, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I tried to add some stuff and keep it scientific, but I was reverted by the ConservativeChristianYoungEarthAntiScience Aganda. [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:45, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Slavery&amp;diff=160483</id>
		<title>Slavery</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Slavery&amp;diff=160483"/>
		<updated>2007-05-14T17:20:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;'''Slavery''' was a peculiar institution found in all [[civilization]]s which diminished a person's value to the point where they would be regarded as a &amp;quot;thing&amp;quot; to be owned.&lt;br /&gt;
The value of a slave was typically about the same as that of a [[race horse]]. The master controls and commands the slave, either through ownership of the slave like property, or by right to command him.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The slavery system reduces a person to the status of an animal who can be owned by another person. Some say it is a contradiction of our God-given human rights. Yet the Bible states that thieves should be sold into slavery.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Exodus 22:3 &amp;quot;He should make a full restitution; and if he have nothing, then he shall be sold for his theft.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; In general, slaves can be kept for six years. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Exodus 21:1-4 &amp;quot;If thou buy a Hebrew servant, six years he shall serve; and in the seventh he shall go out free for nothing.&amp;quot;&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
== Ancient History ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Ruslavery.jpg|right|thumb|350px|Painting of a slave market in early medieval Eastern Europe.]]&lt;br /&gt;
Slavery has existed at least since ancient [[Greece]] and ancient [[Egypt]], where, according to the Bible, Hebrews were slaves (although no other historical accounts mention Hebrew slaves in Egypt).  The primary slave market in ancient Greece was on an island in the Aegean sea known as &amp;quot;Delos&amp;quot;.  From there slaves were traded and used throughout the Greek city-states.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Often prisoners-of-wars in ancient history were used as slaves, particularly during the [[Roman Empire]].  [[Christianity]] helped lessen the harshness by which Romans treated slaves; however, later Christian nations like Spain, England, and the Netherlands would continue in the use of slaves.  Slavery was also pervasive among [[Arabs]] into the twentieth century.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Recent History==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In 1455, a &amp;quot;papal bull&amp;quot; (formal letter by the [[pope]]) justified a &amp;quot;right&amp;quot; of Christian nations to enslave any non-Christian in the name of exploration.  The [[Spain|Spanish]] had already been enslaving [[South America|South American]] natives on a limited basis, but with the rise of sugar plantations the need for a larger slave force arose.  Millions of [[Africa|African]] slaves were brought by the Spanish and [[Portugal|Portuguese]] to [[Mexico]], [[Peru]], the [[Caribbean]] and [[Brazil]].  The growth of [[sugar]]—which had first been introduced to [[Europe]] when the [[Muslims]] ruled Spain—was exploding in popularity throughout the entire western world.  Soon [[France]], the Netherlands and Great Britain were also establishing profitable sugar plantations in the new world.  The plantation system began in Brazil, where rich white plantation owners were the highest rung in the social hierarchy and black slaves were at the bottom.  Obviously life on a sugar plantation was very hard work for a slave.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Slavery was widespread within Africa itself, and the richest in Africa were not those owning the most land, but those who owned the most slaves.  In the Sahara Desert, slaves worked in caravans and were used in gold and salt mining.  Slaves were usually prisoners of war from other areas of Africa, or debtors, or enemies or the king, but many women outside of those three categories were also enslaved in African societies.  Polygamy—the practice of having more than one wife—was common in Africa, as was the existence of harems, from which African women were often sold to join Arabian or Middle Eastern harems.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The trading of slaves with other countries was encouraged in Africa, and was considered an important component of the African economy.  Slave trade across the Atlantic (the Trans-Atlantic slave trade) became a booming business for Europeans and Africans alike, by which African rulers sold their people to Europeans for goods such as iron, alcohol, tobacco and most importantly, guns.  Trans-Atlantic trade led to the degrading use of &amp;quot;chattel&amp;quot; slaves, whereby the slaves were treated purely as property of the owner.  The slaves served as sailors, skilled craftsmen or farmers.  The journey across the Atlantic, known as the Middle Passage, led to the death of 10-20% of the African slaves.  But an even higher percentage lost their lives in the journey from their homes in Africa to the African coast, where they were to board the slave ships. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Trans-Atlantic slave trade was one component in a system of routes known as the &amp;quot;Triangular Trade&amp;quot; between South America, New England, and the West Coast of Africa.  The three main items that were exchanged were sugar, rum and slaves.  European goods, mainly guns, were used to buy slaves from Africa.  The slaves were then shipped to the Americas.  Then, from America, sugar, rum and tobacco were brought back to Europe, completing the &amp;quot;triangle&amp;quot; of trade. Slavery is one of the less noble aspects of American history.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Between 1530 and 1780, Europeans including Britons and even some Americans were frequently taken captive and enslaved by privateers from the [[Barbary States]].  Estimates of so-called &amp;quot;white slavery&amp;quot; vary from as little as 50,000 to in the millions &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://researchnews.osu.edu/archive/whtslav.htm&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.  Generally Europeans enslaved by the [[corsairs]] were usually poorer sea merchants and city dwellers whose families were unable to pay the ransom necessary to free them.  Often the [[Pasha]] would purchase the female captives into his harem.  Many were forced to &amp;quot;go turk&amp;quot; or convert to &amp;quot;mohammadism&amp;quot; in order to stay with their children who were raised as Muslims.  Occasionally slaves would convert in order to escape harsher labors such as tending the oars in the corsairs &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/empire_seapower/white_slaves_print.html&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
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==End of European and American Slavery==&lt;br /&gt;
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The end of slavery in Europe was not to come until the beginning of the 1800s, when abolitionists such as William Wilberforce and John Wesley began speaking out against the evils of the system. The slave trade was abolished in the [[British Empire]] in 1807, however slavery was not abolished in the Empire until 1832.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The British ban on the slave trade enforced by the British navy did undermine the slave trade globally. This led to the the United States banning the slave trade in the early 1800s. However, slavery itself was not abolished until decades later in 1865 when the U.S. government passed the [[13th Amendment]], and in South America when it was ended in Brazil in 1888.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Slavery in the Bible ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Boulanger Gustave Clarence Rudolphe The Slave Market.jpg|right|thumb|350px|Boulanger Gustave Clarence Rudolphe's painting ''The Slave Market'']]&lt;br /&gt;
Slavery is also referenced, controlled and regulated in the Bible. Some English translations use the term 'slave' while others use 'servant,' but the meanings are equivalent. For example:&lt;br /&gt;
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* &amp;quot;And he that is eight days old shall be circumcised among you, every man child in your generations, he that is born in the house, or bought with money of any stranger, which is not of thy seed. He that is born in thy house, and he that is bought with thy money, must needs be circumcised: and my covenant shall be in your flesh for an everlasting covenant.&amp;quot; -- Genesis 17:12-13, showing that slaves were considered subject to the Old Covenant.&lt;br /&gt;
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* &amp;quot;If thou buy an Hebrew servant, six years he shall serve: and in the seventh he shall go out free for nothing. If he came in by himself, he shall go out by himself: if he were married, then his wife shall go out with him. If his master have given him a wife, and she have born him sons or daughters; the wife and her children shall be her master's, and he shall go out by himself. And if the servant shall plainly say, I love my master, my wife, and my children; I will not go out free: Then his master shall  bring him unto the judges; he shall also bring him to the door, or unto the door post; and his master shall bore his ear through with an aul; and he shall serve him for ever.&amp;quot; -- Exodus 21:2-6. Hebrews may be slaves for a maximum of seven years, then must be freed. Any children produced during the period of slavery shall however remain the property of his owner.&lt;br /&gt;
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* &amp;quot;Both thy bondmen, and thy bondmaids, which thou shalt have, shall be of the heathen that are round about you; of them shall ye buy bondmen and bondmaids. Moreover of the children of the strangers that do sojourn among you, of them shall ye buy, and of their families that are with you, which they begat in your land: and they shall be your possession. And ye shall take them as an inheritance for your children after you, to inherit them for a possession; they shall be your bondmen for ever: but over your brethren the children of Israel, ye shall not rule one over another with rigour.&amp;quot; -- Leviticus 25:44-46 (Leviticus 25 contains more detailed rules regarding who may or may not be enslaved)&lt;br /&gt;
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* &amp;quot;And all the people that were left of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites, which were not of the children of Israel, Their children that were left after them in the land, whom the children of Israel also were not able utterly to destroy, upon those did Solomon levy a tribute of bondservice (slavery) unto this day. But of the children of Israel did Solomon make no bondmen: but they were men of war, and his servants, and his princes, and his captains, and rulers of his chariots, and his horsemen.&amp;quot; -- I Kings 9:20-22&lt;br /&gt;
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* &amp;quot;Let every man abide in the same calling wherein he was called. Art thou called being a servant (slave)? care not for it: but if thou mayest be made free, use it rather.&amp;quot; -- I Corintians 7:20-21&lt;br /&gt;
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* &amp;quot;Servants, be subject to your masters with all fear; not only to the good and gentle, but also to the froward.&amp;quot; -- 1 Peter 2:18&lt;br /&gt;
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* &amp;quot;Let as many servants (slaves) as are under the yoke count their own masters worthy of all honour, that the name of God and his doctrine be not blasphemed. And they that have believing masters, let them not despise them, because they are brethren; but rather do them service, because they are faithful and beloved, partakers of the benefit. These things teach and exhort.&amp;quot; -- I Timothy 6:1-2&lt;br /&gt;
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* The book of Philemon is a record of Paul sending a slave back to his master &amp;quot;no longer as a slave but more than a slave-- a beloved brother.&amp;quot; (Philemon 1: 16)&lt;br /&gt;
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The Old Testament alone, prior to New Testament considerations, broadly prohibits the permanent enslavement of the native inhabitants of Israel but permits the enslavement of immigrants and the occupants of other countries. Depending on the precise circumstances, ethnicity, nationality and any enslaved relatives of a slave, some must be freed after a specified time, while others remain slaves for life. Though physical violence to slaves is permitted, murder is not.&lt;br /&gt;
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==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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[[Category:History]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Economics]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Sociology]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Slavery&amp;diff=160478</id>
		<title>Talk:Slavery</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Slavery&amp;diff=160478"/>
		<updated>2007-05-14T17:16:47Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Why is there no reference to Biblical slavery apart from the captivity of the Jews in Egypt?  I know that the enslavement of others by the Jews is controversial (in that the Bible doesn't seem to &amp;quot;condemn&amp;quot; the practice, but I'm sure there are good reasons why either I'm wrong in that or for God's overlooking the practice.&lt;br /&gt;
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In any event, it is a debate I often have with moral relativists and I was hoping to find something about it here in my own (Christan) people.&lt;br /&gt;
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: I agree completely.  I have posted several Biblical references. [[User:CEinhorn|CEinhorn]] 01:55, 13 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;ancient Egypt, where Hebrews were slaves.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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There's absolutely no historical evidence for this outside of Exodus.&lt;br /&gt;
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*The book of Philemon is a record of Paul sending a slave back to his master &amp;quot;no longer as a slave but more than a slave-- a beloved brother.&amp;quot; (Philemon 1: 16) --~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 23:54, 21 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Chronology==&lt;br /&gt;
Is there a particular reason that it goes ancient, modern, biblical? [[User:GodlessLiberal|GodlessLiberal]] 01:37, 29 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Abomination ==&lt;br /&gt;
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Can't anyone fix this page? --~ [[User:TK|Terry]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 18:17, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Is this a joke? ==&lt;br /&gt;
I mean. Nothing is cited. And the whole thing is a big, fallacious argument in favor of slavery. - [[User:Moriarty]]&lt;br /&gt;
*Did you not see my note, about your post? If you think you are up to it, fix it!  That is what a Wiki is for. --~ [[User:TK|SysopTK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 21:01, 20 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
I started by deleting the parts about slaves having free housing, food and health care.  As an administrator you might want to delete things like that a little quicker because they make this website look alot like some of the white supremist sites.  Hopefully, not what you want.&lt;br /&gt;
-Gasmonkey&lt;br /&gt;
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== Recent Removal of Bible passages ==&lt;br /&gt;
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MountainDew, could you please explain the justification for deleting the quotes from the Bible regarding slavery that were recently added by Spoon.[[User:Airdish|Airdish]] 06:48, 22 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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The presence of verses in the bible which appear to support slavery in the most direct interpretation is an embarassment to Christianity, but ignoring them is dishonest and will not make them disappear. I think we should keep them, but see if we can find some anti-slavery NT quotes too. - BornAgainBrit&lt;br /&gt;
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*And you feel, either of you, that biblical quotes are so important in an encyclopedia, explaining slavery to contemporary users, how?  Contrary to what you seem to think, this is not the Bible Encyclopedia, but the Conservapedia.  MountainDew is a Sysop here, like myself, and is charged with editing and keeping entries on track, and fair. Maybe you guys should spend at least some time researching the slave trade, and maybe contemporary slavery practices, like the White Slave Trade, and that would be most helpful to this page.  :-)  --~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 15:46, 22 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:: My question for MountainDew was because he ''only'' removed the Bible passages which appeared to justify the slave trade and kept in only those passages which appeared to condemn it.  If he had removed all of the passages I would not have had a problem.  You said yourself that the job of a SYSOP is to be fair, that edit was not.  For me the Bible has nothing to do with my opinions on the slave trade (in case I need to say it - it is repugnant to me), but exactly because he is a SYSOP I assumed that they Bible entries were wanted here.[[User:Airdish|Airdish]] 16:15, 22 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Well, ''unlike some users'', we are concerned with the article as a whole, not just matters of religion. Since the Bible does not support slavery, but merely recognizes conditions as they were at the time, it would be unfair to use the Bible to justify any form of salvery.  What was that bit about rendering unto Caeser? --~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 17:25, 22 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:: As I tried to imply, I do not see a reason for there to be ''any'' Bible passages in this article.  But if there are any, then they should show how it was from both sides of the argument, i.e. the article should be fair - look at [[User_talk:MountainDew#Spoon|this]] exchange regarding [[User:Spoon]]'s posts - cherry-picking what you want or don't want should not be an option and I wanted to question [[User:MountainDew]]'s employing of this tactic. I'd remove all passages but I assume that they'd be reverted. I agree with you that the Bible cannot be read with a 21st century morality.  My vote is for the creation of a new article on &amp;quot;Slavery in the Bible&amp;quot; if anyone wants one. [[User:Airdish|Airdish]] 17:44, 22 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
*I see where you are coming from, however I am loath to keep making pages just for religious zealots (and their anti-religion counterparts), for every article in the Conservapedia.  Since 99% of the humans on this planet are not in favor of slavery, I don't see a need to &amp;quot;balance&amp;quot; such things. Slavery is against the wishes of God, and most all of his children, to put it in a religious parlance. --~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 18:00, 22 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Fair point, well made. Can we remove the Bible passages from the article? [[User:Airdish|Airdish]] 18:04, 22 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*I think we can remove anything that represents the Bible and/or God is in favor of Slavery, and leave the Biblical support against slavery.  As I said, there really isn't a legitimate argument in favor of slavery, so no need to have a &amp;quot;balance&amp;quot;. And if someone is in favor of it, they need to find another site.  --~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 18:10, 22 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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#Balance or not, those arguments are amoung the most liked by anti-christian debaters. Im sure you have seen how much they love to point to one verse or another of the OT and declare 'God is a brutal oppressor!' You can ignore them on the grounds that noone today agrees with them, but they still remain right there, printed in every copy of the old testament. And they ''were'' used in support of slavery, once. Really, what type of Christian chooses to just ignore a verse because it is unpopular? The appropriate response is not to remove these quotes, but to write an argument that Christianity does not support slavery. Optionally, moving them to a 'slavery in the bible' page may be a good idea too. - Suricou&lt;br /&gt;
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*Slavery, what it is, and it's history, is not a biblical discussion! This is not the Religiouspedia. It is the Conservapedia, one where, '''when it is appropriate''', will not discount religious or conservative thought.  There isn't a valid argument in favor of slavery that I can think of, so the point of including thoughts that are pro-slavery here would be what? --~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 18:44, 22 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::But if it's not a Biblical discussion, why are you so against either removing the section on &amp;quot;slavery in the Bible&amp;quot; or adding to it those references which seem to support the notion of slavery? [[User:Airdish|Airdish]] 19:10, 22 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*(Faints dead away) Why am I against? Aaarrrrgh! --~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 20:17, 22 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::Please answer my question.  You said that slavery is not a Biblical issue (and I wholeheartedly agree) yet you support having ''some'' references to slavery in the Bible in this article? Those are two contradictory positions. That is my problem and that is what I am asking you to explain.  Put it another way:  If you are going to have the facts about &amp;quot;Slavery in the Bible&amp;quot; in this article, then have ''all'' of the facts. [[User:Airdish|Airdish]] 20:26, 22 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*You don't understand that some of us are actually working, and I was in a meeting.  Now, I am done.  Your mistake is thinking there are contradictory positions, or that for purposes of this article, there needs to be. I submit there isn't a valid intellectual or moral argument in favor of slavery, therefore one doesn't need to present arguments from the Bible that might seem to endorse it, since all Biblical Scholars I have read have said it doesn't. Therefore biblical quotes that make it clear slavery isn't &amp;quot;right&amp;quot; can and should be included.  Am I being clear enough?&lt;br /&gt;
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::I didn't understand why your previous response didn't answer my question, not that you didn't respond.  Basically the passages from the Bible has no place in here unless you put in ''all'' the passages from the Bible. But enough. I'm done arguing about this.[[User:Airdish|Airdish]] 07:33, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*You just don't want to get the response is all.  A closed mind isn't pretty.  If one is free from having to present &amp;quot;another side&amp;quot;, as there isn't a logical or moral argument in favor of slavery, then we don't have to present all quotes from the Bible, especially those that laymen misunderstand, and biblical scholars assure us don't mean what most think they do.  --~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 08:38, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::It is not about the position vis a vis the morality or otherwise of slavery.  That is most definitely not in question.  It's a bigger problem, and what I've been driving at all along.  If we don't need the Bible to help our argument against slavery (and i'm pretty sure we don't) then there is no place for &amp;quot;Slavery in the Bible&amp;quot; to be part of this article. '''But''' if you '''are''' going to have bible passages then you are duty bound to present '''all''' of the sources if this is going to be a complete, accurate section (which I still maintain has no place in this article).  It's about academic rigour - you can't just cite things you like from a document and ignore things you don't.  This is '''very much''' independent of the argument for or against slavery (as I've stated earlier, there is no argument), it's a matter of principle. &amp;quot;The whole Truth and nothing but the Truth&amp;quot; eh? [[User:Airdish|Airdish]] 14:19, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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*Oh, okay, I've got it.  Only when using scripture must one apply academic rigor.  And of course encyclopedias in the UK would include *ALL* passages, and never edit for length, lol. --~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 18:10, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Stop being facetious. When using '''any''' source we must apply rigour.  Also, if you're going to misinterpret what I said as an attack and then attack in return, at least get your facts straight. [[User:Airdish|Airdish]] 05:51, 24 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==Arguments for Slavery==&lt;br /&gt;
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I've certainly seen evidence that ancient slavery was qualitatively different from American slavery, not least because a) slaves could readily achieve manumission b) slavery was not racially specific c) slavery was accepted practice, and without controversy.  However, the fact that the Bible addresses (and regulates) slavery is an example of God's wisdom and propriety, because He forbids bad or evil slave-owner activity.  Furthermore, confusing ancient slavery and the contemporary consensus on slavery is not accurate, and doesn't represent the Truth well.  Finally, ancient slavery was much more like indentured servitude (which is not an inherently evil practice, and might be seen as similar to outsourcing or sweat shopping) and shouldn't be confused with the percieved excesses of Confederate American practice.  [http://www.socialistworker.org/2002-2/431/431_08_Racism.shtml]  For these reasons, I think the Biblical Record on this issue should be embraced.  There is no shame in God's Truth, only freedom.  [[User:DunsScotus|DunsScotus]] 18:16, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;Perceived excesses of Confederate American practice&amp;quot;-This implies that the excesses were only perceived not real. Is that what you mean?&lt;br /&gt;
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:: My read is that the Bible provides support for slavery, either in ancient or &amp;quot;modern&amp;quot; contexts.  Whether or not that's a good thing, is a separate matter.  [[User:JohnJones|JohnJones]] 09:14, 24 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
*I think there is some confusion as to what Slavery was in the US South, then.  The Slave Trade of the 1700's was racially specific only by the fact that the traders found a bountiful supply of people in Africa to take. It wasn't that they set out to capture only Black people, they were opportunists.  Arguing who was &amp;quot;better&amp;quot; to their slaves isn't exactly admirable. --~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 19:04, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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::[[User:DunsScotus|DunsScotus]] spake thus: '''&amp;quot;There is no shame in God's Truth, only freedom.&amp;quot;''' Unless, of course, one is a slave. --[[User:Cracker|Cracker]]&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Cracker|talk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 19:21, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:::I am joking here. Paul readily identifies himself as Jesus' slave more than oncest. I believe there is no shame in that. Forgive me if my comment above made light of your observation or opinion. --[[User:Cracker|Cracker]]&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_Talk:Cracker|talk]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 19:24, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
*Even about dire subjects and times, it is good to keep a sense of humor (humour). :p  --~ [[User:TK|TerryK]] &amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;[[User_talk:TK|Talk2Me!]]&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt; 20:10, 23 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:Completely. I actually thought DunsScotus was serious (albeit scary and serious) before I read that. That's totally cheered me up. [[User:Airdish|Airdish]] 05:52, 24 March 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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==West vs. Islam==&lt;br /&gt;
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I daresay the Western world was more keen on abolishing slavery than the Arab or Islamic world. Nowhere in the Christian West is there any more slavery. The [[Sudan]] still has slavery. --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 16:37, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
:Slavery was not abolished in Saudia Arbaia until 1962; a slave market 40 miles outside of Mecca was finally shut down.  Many &amp;quot;pilgrims&amp;quot; to the Holy places ended up their when they didn't have the money for a round trip ticket and got busted shoplifting or whatnot to get enough money to return home.  This seems to be a tradition that goes ''way'' back in Islam, and one reason [[Osama bin Laden]] cites for Western influence on Islamic traditions.  The slave market was shut down, coincidcentally enough, at the same time Saudia Arabia gained independent status in the IMF &amp;amp; WTO to conduct its own affairs, rather than be the stepchild of the Great Britain or the US.  [[User:RobS|RobS]] 16:51, 9 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Therefore, all true Christians should support slavery as an institution. ==&lt;br /&gt;
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This should be removed because it is offensive to many true Christians, and it truly makes this site look like a complete joke.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 13:16, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160429</id>
		<title>Talk:Neanderthal</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160429"/>
		<updated>2007-05-14T16:41:36Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* History according to Creationists */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;''Thought by evolutionists to represent some sort of &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot;. In fact, fits well within the normal height-weight ratios of modern humans''&lt;br /&gt;
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How does the fact that they were physically similar to modern humans in some characteristics preclude them from having lived in caves? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 07:47, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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:You need to consider the connotation of ''caveman'', not just its denotation.&lt;br /&gt;
:*denotation: a human being who lives in a cave : cave-dweller&lt;br /&gt;
:*connotation: a primitive (practical subhuman) creature having the appearance of ''homo sapiens'' and yet not really a person&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:This is rough, of course, or I'd simply add it to the article. Do you get my drift? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 07:50, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So why use the term &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot; in the article? In what way does the height/weight ratio of the neanderthals have a bearing on whether they were modern humans or not? Can you link to some evolutionist researh in which neanderthals are described as subhuman? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 08:10, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:No, I can't. I don't know enough about [[human origins]] to do that. You sound like you know more about this than I do. May I offer you some writing tasks to volunteer for? ;-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 08:58, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Don't mess with this article!==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I wrote 90% of this article and it now falls under my protection: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* I will only allow additions with credible references:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Good&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: accredited news agencies, science journals, university websites and research papers &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Bad&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: blogs, 100 year old books, AiG, CMI,...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* I will not allow creationist material in this article: this one's for science, if you're a YEC, go to a debate page or go vandalize the [[Dinosaur]] article&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:95%? Give me a bit more credit thatn that, it took me a while to get this article properly started. Your work on the article is superb, but I claim th eright to assist with this project. Your work is excellent though, in transforming my text to a full article and I wonder if you would be interested in doing the same for [[Homo]] [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is 90% ok?&lt;br /&gt;
But, yeah, of course you can edit, anyone can edit this, as long as it's properly sourced.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
:: 90%, Ah, go on then, but I am only letting you off on account of the funky photos. [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here goes your article. I hope you have the strength and power to defend your version. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:20, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:What's this about it being under ''your'' protection?  All articles on Conservapedia are subject to being edited by others.  And what's wrong with AiG and CMI as sources?  Just because they have a different worldview to you is no reason to malign them.&lt;br /&gt;
:And what's with the (offensive) distinction between &amp;quot;science&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;creationist material&amp;quot;?  Since when does the atheistic worldview have a monopoly on science?&lt;br /&gt;
:[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I think his claim of &amp;quot;Under his protection&amp;quot; is based on user:conservative's protecting the articles that he writes, the majority of, without allowing other editors, non sysops, to make changes.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 10:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::TimS has it right, I guess. And definitely not &amp;quot;All articles&amp;quot; are open to being edited. &lt;br /&gt;
:::P.S. Fortunately, science is not monopolized by a religious or areligious group/worldview. Many scientists are Christians. But they do science, not religion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:37, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::Some articles (too many) are locked to prevent vandalism or liberal edits, but none are limited to a single author (some essays excepted).&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[physical science|Origins science]] does tend to be monopolised by one religion: atheism.  Even many of the Christians working in science have been bluffed into thinking atheistically.&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:52, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Obviously not. And not. But this is not the place for that kind of discussion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:56, 14 May 2007 (EDT) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::::Then why start it here?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:59, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Why did someone change the opening to this article?  It was well written and factual.  The reference to Mousterian tool tradition is accurate.  Shouldn't the editor give some explanation as to why parts have been removed?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Society in anatomy ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I see alot of items concerning society being included in the anatomy section.  Could someone more wiki-savvy than I clear that up?  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Minor fix...all done[[User:JoyousOne|JoyousOne]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Copyright of images ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What is the copyright status of the images in the article?  A quick glance would suggest to me that they have simply been copied from a web-site.  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:02, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is incorrect==&lt;br /&gt;
CPWebmaster, the Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is not the correct name for the neanderthal. It is Homo neanderthalensis. Neanderthalensis and Sapiens are different species. Please correct.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:04, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article really should be renamed Homo neanderthalensis.  The Homo sapien neanderthalensis classification was largely based on Willian King's 1864 observations and conclusions that Neanderthals were very closely related to modern humans.  Current research into Neanderthal DNA has revealed no evolutionary link between the two species, therefore many anthropologists tend to classfy Neanderthals as a seperate species. [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:14, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Smithsonian Institution classifies neanderthal as Homo neanderthalensis http://www.mnh.si.edu/anthro/humanorigins/ha/neand.htm.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:35, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I wasn't going to comment because I should be in bed by now, but would an acceptable compromise be to name the article either &amp;quot;Neanderthal Man&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Neandertal Man&amp;quot; (there's justification for both) and then explain the scientific name(s) in the body of the article?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:45, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Perhaps but it does sidestep the scientific naming of the organism. --[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History according to Creationists== &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Malnutrition and longer life spans could cause features similar to those seen in Neanderthal skeletons.&amp;quot; If malnutrition was a cause of features then the features would not be passed down to their offspring. Only genetic mutation would cause this, thus speciation. Please explain this stance for as of now it A. shows that neanderthal was speciated B. that the statement is incorrect about nutrition causing the features and that they were homo sapians if they had the same nutritional avaliblity as the rest of man kind.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The claims that Neanderthals could speak exactly as modern humans is still hotly debated by physical anthropologists.  Stating this as a fact is grossly misleading.  In addition, many of the cranial features of neanderthals are NOT seen in modern humans.  Mainly the abscence of a chin, the extreme prognathic midface, the larger brows, and the much lower cranial vault. The occipital bones protrude alot, and sport a depression caled the suprainiac fossa for the attachment of much larger neck muscles.  There also exists a retromolar gap.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I agree.  CPWebmaster is pulling from the AIG website which has trouble finding empirical evidence for their claims on Neanderthal.  Their mtDNA claim is refuted by what I posted below.  They have not even updated to the new science evidence.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:03, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
OK, how do fossils prove the use of complex syntax in spoken language?  Also the claim that Neanerthals used tools to create complex tools is kinda misleading as well.  Neanderthals didn't make complex tools.  Almost all Neanderthal lithics are in the form of scrapers, flakes, and retouch points.  None of these are &amp;quot;complex&amp;quot; tools.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:30, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===mtDNA===&lt;br /&gt;
In 1999, scientists successfully extracted a 345 base pair sequence of mtDNA from a second Neandertal, a 29,000 year-old fossil of a baby recently discovered in Mesmaiskaya cave in south-western Russia. (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000, Höss 2000) The results of this study were similar to the previous ones, putting the Mezmaiskaya specimen outside the range of modern human mtDNA. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In addition, the two Neandertals are fairly similar, differing from each other in 12 base pairs. The difference is greater than that usually found between pairs of modern Europeans or Asians (only 1% of whom differ in 12 or more places), but comparable to the differences between modern Africans (37% of whom differ by 12 or more).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The distance between Mezmaiskaya and a particular modern human sequence known as the reference sequence (Anderson et al. 1981) was 22, compared to 27 for the first Neandertal. (However, no figures are given for the minimum, average and maximum distances between Mezmaiskaya and modern humans; it is unclear whether Mezmaiskaya is in general closer to modern humans than Feldhofer is.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The phylogenetic analyses of Ovchinnikov et al. show the two Neandertals grouped together, and separated from all modern humans. As with the first specimen, Mezmaiskaya also appears to be equidistant from all groups of modern humans, strengthening the conclusion that Neandertals are not closely related to modern Europeans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because this second individual was discovered about 2,500 km (1,500 miles) from the first, it provides very strong confirmation of the previous results. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The fact that its mtDNA was also fairly close to that of the first Neandertal makes it much less likely that Neandertals and the ancestors of modern humans were both part of an interbreeding population with a large amount of mtDNA genetic variation that has been mostly lost:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;In particular, these data reduce the likelihood that Neanderthals contained enough mtDNA sequence diversity to encompass modern human diversity&amp;quot; (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Interestingly, the preservation of the Mezmaiskaya specimen appears to be much better than that of the Feldhofer specimen. It is so good, in fact, that there is a possibility that its entire mtDNA genome may be able to be sequenced, and there is even a possibility that some of its nuclear DNA may be retrievable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
mtDNA from a third Neandertal&lt;br /&gt;
In 2000, scientists announced the sequencing of a third Neandertal mtDNA specimen from a cave at Vindija, Croatia (Krings et al. 2000). When the three Neandertals are compared with modern humans, all three of them cluster together, and apart from all modern humans. This conclusion is reinforced by a study by Knight (2003). Knight excluded from the comparison sites in the mtDNA genome which are known to have mutated more than once, and which are therefore poor indicators of phylogenetic relationships. His study strongly confirmed earlier ones showing deeply divergent histories for modern human mtDNA lineages and the known Neandertal ones. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Like modern humans, Neandertals had low genetic diversity compared to apes. The diversity of the three Neandertal mtDNA sequences (3.73%) is lower than that of chimpanzees (14.82+/-5.7%) and gorillas (18.57+/-5.26%), and similar to that of modern humans worldwide (3.43+/-1.22%). If modern humans are sorted into continental groups, the diversity of the three Neandertals is similar to (within one standard deviation of) that for Africans, Asians, native Americans and Australian aboriginals, and Oceanians. Modern Europeans, who live in approximately the same region as the Neandertals, have less diversity than the Neandertals. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Still more Neandertal mtDNA&lt;br /&gt;
Schmitz et al. (2002) reported on a fourth Neandertal mtDNA sequence from the second Neandertal fossil found at Feldhofer, the site in Germany at which the first Neandertal fossil was found. It was closely related to the previous Neandertal mtDNA sequences. &lt;br /&gt;
Serre et al. (2004) were able to sequence mtDNA from four other Neandertal fossils, along with mtDNA from five early modern humans. The four Neandertals all had mtDNA similar to those found in the previous Neandertals. Serre and his colleagues found no evidence of mtDNA gene flow between modern humans and Neandertals in either direction, but could not rule out the possibility of limited gene flow. Interestingly, the mtDNA sequences from the Vindija Neandertals, which have a less extreme Neandertal anatomy than the classic Neandertals, and are considered transitional between modern humans and classic Neandertals by some scientists, were no closer to modern humans than the rest of the Neandertal fossils. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is the Neandertal outside the human range?&lt;br /&gt;
Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that because two modern human sequences are 24 bases apart, while the smallest Neandertal/human difference is only 22, does not mean the Neandertal sequence is within the range of modern humans. To use an analogy, suppose we measured the height of 994 adult humans, and they varied from 4'8&amp;quot; to 6'8&amp;quot; (a difference of 24 inches). Suppose we then found a skeleton which was 8'6&amp;quot; in height. No one would claim that it fell within the modern human range because it was closer to the nearest human (22 inches) than the tallest human was from the shortest human (24 inches).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note also that the two figures (22 and 24) are measuring very different things, making it invalid to compare the two figures. Just as the Neandertal was compared against 994 modern humans, any of those humans could be similarly compared against the other 993 humans. We could compute the minimum, average, and maximum distance from that human to the other humans, just as was done for the Neandertal. If we calculated those values for all the humans, we could then calculate minimum, average and maximum values of all the individual minima, averages and maxima, and compare those values against the equivalent values for the Neandertal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We do not know from the Krings et al. 1997 paper the distribution of minimum distances of humans from other humans. The smallest such value is 1. The largest such value might, I suspect, be as much as 5. The same value for the Neandertal is 22, well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For average distances of humans to other humans, we know the average value is 8.0. The minimum average distance will be a little less; the maximum average value must be at least 12 (this can be deduced from the fact that there are two humans 24 apart) and less than 24; I would guess it might be about 16 for a highly atypical human. For the Neandertal, the value is 27, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For maximum distances, the maximum such value is 24, but for most humans, the maximum distance to any other human will be less than that. The value of 24 is highly atypical, because it is taken between the two individuals who have indepently diverged farthest from mitochondrial Eve, and is the maximum of nearly half a million (994 * 993 / 2) comparisons among modern humans. For the Neandertal, the value is 36, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In other words, for all three measurements (minimum, average and maximum distances to other humans), the Neandertal measurement is much larger than the maximum value of the same measurement from a sample of 994 modern humans, and even further from the average value. The Neandertal is not merely outside the human range, but well outside it. &lt;br /&gt;
:--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:53, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Logic==&lt;br /&gt;
From CPWebmaster's talk page &lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When it comes to origins, AIG is obviously more valid than the Smithsonian. I am aware that Homo neanderthalensis is the &amp;quot;accepted&amp;quot; species, but this is merely hopeful thinking by evolutionists. In reality, Homo neanderthalensis is HUMAN. I placed it under a sub-species because I did not want it to conflict with the human article. CPWebmaster 11:49, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:If homo neanderthalensis is human as you said above, then why not list it with Homo sapiens? CPWebmaster, I can not understand why you would perceive AIG as more valid than the Smithsonian. There are thousands more scientists working and submitting to the Smithsonian than AIG. This provides a more critical environment for research. AIG struggles to have PhDs write articles within the scope of their discipline. How many times have you seen a physicist write about biology at AIG? The point is that if you plan to use taxonomy to describe an organism then you must follow taxonomy rules to describe the organism. Meaning if you wish to say that Neanderthal was a subspecies of Homo sapiens then you need to list Neanderthal as Homo sapiens. Otherwise you need to place it back with homo neanderthalensis.--TimS 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I don't know why I'm even trying to correct this article.  You cannot use logic against religious conviction.  No matter what we say he is still going to put a creationist slant on the article.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:23, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== editing ==&lt;br /&gt;
By-the-by, going in and pulling the creationist part above the evolutionist part is kinda pathetic and childish.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I would have to agree, it is a bit sophomoric.  Not to mention the statement of taxonomic labeling.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Somebody found some talking fossils apparently.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160401</id>
		<title>Talk:Neanderthal</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160401"/>
		<updated>2007-05-14T16:34:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* editing */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;''Thought by evolutionists to represent some sort of &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot;. In fact, fits well within the normal height-weight ratios of modern humans''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How does the fact that they were physically similar to modern humans in some characteristics preclude them from having lived in caves? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 07:47, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:You need to consider the connotation of ''caveman'', not just its denotation.&lt;br /&gt;
:*denotation: a human being who lives in a cave : cave-dweller&lt;br /&gt;
:*connotation: a primitive (practical subhuman) creature having the appearance of ''homo sapiens'' and yet not really a person&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:This is rough, of course, or I'd simply add it to the article. Do you get my drift? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 07:50, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So why use the term &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot; in the article? In what way does the height/weight ratio of the neanderthals have a bearing on whether they were modern humans or not? Can you link to some evolutionist researh in which neanderthals are described as subhuman? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 08:10, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:No, I can't. I don't know enough about [[human origins]] to do that. You sound like you know more about this than I do. May I offer you some writing tasks to volunteer for? ;-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 08:58, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Don't mess with this article!==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I wrote 90% of this article and it now falls under my protection: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* I will only allow additions with credible references:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Good&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: accredited news agencies, science journals, university websites and research papers &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Bad&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: blogs, 100 year old books, AiG, CMI,...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* I will not allow creationist material in this article: this one's for science, if you're a YEC, go to a debate page or go vandalize the [[Dinosaur]] article&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:95%? Give me a bit more credit thatn that, it took me a while to get this article properly started. Your work on the article is superb, but I claim th eright to assist with this project. Your work is excellent though, in transforming my text to a full article and I wonder if you would be interested in doing the same for [[Homo]] [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is 90% ok?&lt;br /&gt;
But, yeah, of course you can edit, anyone can edit this, as long as it's properly sourced.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
:: 90%, Ah, go on then, but I am only letting you off on account of the funky photos. [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here goes your article. I hope you have the strength and power to defend your version. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:20, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:What's this about it being under ''your'' protection?  All articles on Conservapedia are subject to being edited by others.  And what's wrong with AiG and CMI as sources?  Just because they have a different worldview to you is no reason to malign them.&lt;br /&gt;
:And what's with the (offensive) distinction between &amp;quot;science&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;creationist material&amp;quot;?  Since when does the atheistic worldview have a monopoly on science?&lt;br /&gt;
:[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I think his claim of &amp;quot;Under his protection&amp;quot; is based on user:conservative's protecting the articles that he writes, the majority of, without allowing other editors, non sysops, to make changes.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 10:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::TimS has it right, I guess. And definitely not &amp;quot;All articles&amp;quot; are open to being edited. &lt;br /&gt;
:::P.S. Fortunately, science is not monopolized by a religious or areligious group/worldview. Many scientists are Christians. But they do science, not religion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:37, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::Some articles (too many) are locked to prevent vandalism or liberal edits, but none are limited to a single author (some essays excepted).&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[physical science|Origins science]] does tend to be monopolised by one religion: atheism.  Even many of the Christians working in science have been bluffed into thinking atheistically.&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:52, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Obviously not. And not. But this is not the place for that kind of discussion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:56, 14 May 2007 (EDT) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::::Then why start it here?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:59, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Why did someone change the opening to this article?  It was well written and factual.  The reference to Mousterian tool tradition is accurate.  Shouldn't the editor give some explanation as to why parts have been removed?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Society in anatomy ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I see alot of items concerning society being included in the anatomy section.  Could someone more wiki-savvy than I clear that up?  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Minor fix...all done[[User:JoyousOne|JoyousOne]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Copyright of images ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What is the copyright status of the images in the article?  A quick glance would suggest to me that they have simply been copied from a web-site.  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:02, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is incorrect==&lt;br /&gt;
CPWebmaster, the Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is not the correct name for the neanderthal. It is Homo neanderthalensis. Neanderthalensis and Sapiens are different species. Please correct.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:04, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article really should be renamed Homo neanderthalensis.  The Homo sapien neanderthalensis classification was largely based on Willian King's 1864 observations and conclusions that Neanderthals were very closely related to modern humans.  Current research into Neanderthal DNA has revealed no evolutionary link between the two species, therefore many anthropologists tend to classfy Neanderthals as a seperate species. [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:14, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Smithsonian Institution classifies neanderthal as Homo neanderthalensis http://www.mnh.si.edu/anthro/humanorigins/ha/neand.htm.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:35, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I wasn't going to comment because I should be in bed by now, but would an acceptable compromise be to name the article either &amp;quot;Neanderthal Man&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Neandertal Man&amp;quot; (there's justification for both) and then explain the scientific name(s) in the body of the article?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:45, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Perhaps but it does sidestep the scientific naming of the organism. --[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History according to Creationists== &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Malnutrition and longer life spans could cause features similar to those seen in Neanderthal skeletons.&amp;quot; If malnutrition was a cause of features then the features would not be passed down to their offspring. Only genetic mutation would cause this, thus speciation. Please explain this stance for as of now it A. shows that neanderthal was speciated B. that the statement is incorrect about nutrition causing the features and that they were homo sapians if they had the same nutritional avaliblity as the rest of man kind.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The claims that Neanderthals could speak exactly as modern humans is still hotly debated by physical anthropologists.  Stating this as a fact is grossly misleading.  In addition, many of the cranial features of neanderthals are NOT seen in modern humans.  Mainly the abscence of a chin, the extreme prognathic midface, the larger brows, and the much lower cranial vault. The occipital bones protrude alot, and sport a depression caled the suprainiac fossa for the attachment of much larger neck muscles.  There also exists a retromolar gap.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I agree.  CPWebmaster is pulling from the AIG website which has trouble finding empirical evidence for their claims on Neanderthal.  Their mtDNA claim is refuted by what I posted below.  They have not even updated to the new science evidence.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:03, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
OK, how do fossils prove the use of complex syntax in spoken language?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:30, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===mtDNA===&lt;br /&gt;
In 1999, scientists successfully extracted a 345 base pair sequence of mtDNA from a second Neandertal, a 29,000 year-old fossil of a baby recently discovered in Mesmaiskaya cave in south-western Russia. (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000, Höss 2000) The results of this study were similar to the previous ones, putting the Mezmaiskaya specimen outside the range of modern human mtDNA. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In addition, the two Neandertals are fairly similar, differing from each other in 12 base pairs. The difference is greater than that usually found between pairs of modern Europeans or Asians (only 1% of whom differ in 12 or more places), but comparable to the differences between modern Africans (37% of whom differ by 12 or more).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The distance between Mezmaiskaya and a particular modern human sequence known as the reference sequence (Anderson et al. 1981) was 22, compared to 27 for the first Neandertal. (However, no figures are given for the minimum, average and maximum distances between Mezmaiskaya and modern humans; it is unclear whether Mezmaiskaya is in general closer to modern humans than Feldhofer is.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The phylogenetic analyses of Ovchinnikov et al. show the two Neandertals grouped together, and separated from all modern humans. As with the first specimen, Mezmaiskaya also appears to be equidistant from all groups of modern humans, strengthening the conclusion that Neandertals are not closely related to modern Europeans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because this second individual was discovered about 2,500 km (1,500 miles) from the first, it provides very strong confirmation of the previous results. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The fact that its mtDNA was also fairly close to that of the first Neandertal makes it much less likely that Neandertals and the ancestors of modern humans were both part of an interbreeding population with a large amount of mtDNA genetic variation that has been mostly lost:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;In particular, these data reduce the likelihood that Neanderthals contained enough mtDNA sequence diversity to encompass modern human diversity&amp;quot; (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Interestingly, the preservation of the Mezmaiskaya specimen appears to be much better than that of the Feldhofer specimen. It is so good, in fact, that there is a possibility that its entire mtDNA genome may be able to be sequenced, and there is even a possibility that some of its nuclear DNA may be retrievable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
mtDNA from a third Neandertal&lt;br /&gt;
In 2000, scientists announced the sequencing of a third Neandertal mtDNA specimen from a cave at Vindija, Croatia (Krings et al. 2000). When the three Neandertals are compared with modern humans, all three of them cluster together, and apart from all modern humans. This conclusion is reinforced by a study by Knight (2003). Knight excluded from the comparison sites in the mtDNA genome which are known to have mutated more than once, and which are therefore poor indicators of phylogenetic relationships. His study strongly confirmed earlier ones showing deeply divergent histories for modern human mtDNA lineages and the known Neandertal ones. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Like modern humans, Neandertals had low genetic diversity compared to apes. The diversity of the three Neandertal mtDNA sequences (3.73%) is lower than that of chimpanzees (14.82+/-5.7%) and gorillas (18.57+/-5.26%), and similar to that of modern humans worldwide (3.43+/-1.22%). If modern humans are sorted into continental groups, the diversity of the three Neandertals is similar to (within one standard deviation of) that for Africans, Asians, native Americans and Australian aboriginals, and Oceanians. Modern Europeans, who live in approximately the same region as the Neandertals, have less diversity than the Neandertals. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Still more Neandertal mtDNA&lt;br /&gt;
Schmitz et al. (2002) reported on a fourth Neandertal mtDNA sequence from the second Neandertal fossil found at Feldhofer, the site in Germany at which the first Neandertal fossil was found. It was closely related to the previous Neandertal mtDNA sequences. &lt;br /&gt;
Serre et al. (2004) were able to sequence mtDNA from four other Neandertal fossils, along with mtDNA from five early modern humans. The four Neandertals all had mtDNA similar to those found in the previous Neandertals. Serre and his colleagues found no evidence of mtDNA gene flow between modern humans and Neandertals in either direction, but could not rule out the possibility of limited gene flow. Interestingly, the mtDNA sequences from the Vindija Neandertals, which have a less extreme Neandertal anatomy than the classic Neandertals, and are considered transitional between modern humans and classic Neandertals by some scientists, were no closer to modern humans than the rest of the Neandertal fossils. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is the Neandertal outside the human range?&lt;br /&gt;
Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that because two modern human sequences are 24 bases apart, while the smallest Neandertal/human difference is only 22, does not mean the Neandertal sequence is within the range of modern humans. To use an analogy, suppose we measured the height of 994 adult humans, and they varied from 4'8&amp;quot; to 6'8&amp;quot; (a difference of 24 inches). Suppose we then found a skeleton which was 8'6&amp;quot; in height. No one would claim that it fell within the modern human range because it was closer to the nearest human (22 inches) than the tallest human was from the shortest human (24 inches).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note also that the two figures (22 and 24) are measuring very different things, making it invalid to compare the two figures. Just as the Neandertal was compared against 994 modern humans, any of those humans could be similarly compared against the other 993 humans. We could compute the minimum, average, and maximum distance from that human to the other humans, just as was done for the Neandertal. If we calculated those values for all the humans, we could then calculate minimum, average and maximum values of all the individual minima, averages and maxima, and compare those values against the equivalent values for the Neandertal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We do not know from the Krings et al. 1997 paper the distribution of minimum distances of humans from other humans. The smallest such value is 1. The largest such value might, I suspect, be as much as 5. The same value for the Neandertal is 22, well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For average distances of humans to other humans, we know the average value is 8.0. The minimum average distance will be a little less; the maximum average value must be at least 12 (this can be deduced from the fact that there are two humans 24 apart) and less than 24; I would guess it might be about 16 for a highly atypical human. For the Neandertal, the value is 27, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For maximum distances, the maximum such value is 24, but for most humans, the maximum distance to any other human will be less than that. The value of 24 is highly atypical, because it is taken between the two individuals who have indepently diverged farthest from mitochondrial Eve, and is the maximum of nearly half a million (994 * 993 / 2) comparisons among modern humans. For the Neandertal, the value is 36, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In other words, for all three measurements (minimum, average and maximum distances to other humans), the Neandertal measurement is much larger than the maximum value of the same measurement from a sample of 994 modern humans, and even further from the average value. The Neandertal is not merely outside the human range, but well outside it. &lt;br /&gt;
:--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:53, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Logic==&lt;br /&gt;
From CPWebmaster's talk page &lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When it comes to origins, AIG is obviously more valid than the Smithsonian. I am aware that Homo neanderthalensis is the &amp;quot;accepted&amp;quot; species, but this is merely hopeful thinking by evolutionists. In reality, Homo neanderthalensis is HUMAN. I placed it under a sub-species because I did not want it to conflict with the human article. CPWebmaster 11:49, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:If homo neanderthalensis is human as you said above, then why not list it with Homo sapiens? CPWebmaster, I can not understand why you would perceive AIG as more valid than the Smithsonian. There are thousands more scientists working and submitting to the Smithsonian than AIG. This provides a more critical environment for research. AIG struggles to have PhDs write articles within the scope of their discipline. How many times have you seen a physicist write about biology at AIG? The point is that if you plan to use taxonomy to describe an organism then you must follow taxonomy rules to describe the organism. Meaning if you wish to say that Neanderthal was a subspecies of Homo sapiens then you need to list Neanderthal as Homo sapiens. Otherwise you need to place it back with homo neanderthalensis.--TimS 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I don't know why I'm even trying to correct this article.  You cannot use logic against religious conviction.  No matter what we say he is still going to put a creationist slant on the article.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:23, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== editing ==&lt;br /&gt;
By-the-by, going in and pulling the creationist part above the evolutionist part is kinda pathetic and childish.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I would have to agree, it is a bit sophomoric.  Not to mention the statement of taxonomic labeling.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Somebody found some talking fossils apparently.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160390</id>
		<title>Talk:Neanderthal</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160390"/>
		<updated>2007-05-14T16:30:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: /* History according to Creationists */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;''Thought by evolutionists to represent some sort of &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot;. In fact, fits well within the normal height-weight ratios of modern humans''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How does the fact that they were physically similar to modern humans in some characteristics preclude them from having lived in caves? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 07:47, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:You need to consider the connotation of ''caveman'', not just its denotation.&lt;br /&gt;
:*denotation: a human being who lives in a cave : cave-dweller&lt;br /&gt;
:*connotation: a primitive (practical subhuman) creature having the appearance of ''homo sapiens'' and yet not really a person&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:This is rough, of course, or I'd simply add it to the article. Do you get my drift? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 07:50, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So why use the term &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot; in the article? In what way does the height/weight ratio of the neanderthals have a bearing on whether they were modern humans or not? Can you link to some evolutionist researh in which neanderthals are described as subhuman? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 08:10, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:No, I can't. I don't know enough about [[human origins]] to do that. You sound like you know more about this than I do. May I offer you some writing tasks to volunteer for? ;-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 08:58, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Don't mess with this article!==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I wrote 90% of this article and it now falls under my protection: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* I will only allow additions with credible references:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Good&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: accredited news agencies, science journals, university websites and research papers &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Bad&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: blogs, 100 year old books, AiG, CMI,...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* I will not allow creationist material in this article: this one's for science, if you're a YEC, go to a debate page or go vandalize the [[Dinosaur]] article&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:95%? Give me a bit more credit thatn that, it took me a while to get this article properly started. Your work on the article is superb, but I claim th eright to assist with this project. Your work is excellent though, in transforming my text to a full article and I wonder if you would be interested in doing the same for [[Homo]] [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is 90% ok?&lt;br /&gt;
But, yeah, of course you can edit, anyone can edit this, as long as it's properly sourced.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
:: 90%, Ah, go on then, but I am only letting you off on account of the funky photos. [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
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Here goes your article. I hope you have the strength and power to defend your version. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:20, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:What's this about it being under ''your'' protection?  All articles on Conservapedia are subject to being edited by others.  And what's wrong with AiG and CMI as sources?  Just because they have a different worldview to you is no reason to malign them.&lt;br /&gt;
:And what's with the (offensive) distinction between &amp;quot;science&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;creationist material&amp;quot;?  Since when does the atheistic worldview have a monopoly on science?&lt;br /&gt;
:[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I think his claim of &amp;quot;Under his protection&amp;quot; is based on user:conservative's protecting the articles that he writes, the majority of, without allowing other editors, non sysops, to make changes.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 10:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::TimS has it right, I guess. And definitely not &amp;quot;All articles&amp;quot; are open to being edited. &lt;br /&gt;
:::P.S. Fortunately, science is not monopolized by a religious or areligious group/worldview. Many scientists are Christians. But they do science, not religion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:37, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::Some articles (too many) are locked to prevent vandalism or liberal edits, but none are limited to a single author (some essays excepted).&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[physical science|Origins science]] does tend to be monopolised by one religion: atheism.  Even many of the Christians working in science have been bluffed into thinking atheistically.&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:52, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Obviously not. And not. But this is not the place for that kind of discussion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:56, 14 May 2007 (EDT) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::::Then why start it here?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:59, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Why did someone change the opening to this article?  It was well written and factual.  The reference to Mousterian tool tradition is accurate.  Shouldn't the editor give some explanation as to why parts have been removed?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Society in anatomy ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I see alot of items concerning society being included in the anatomy section.  Could someone more wiki-savvy than I clear that up?  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Minor fix...all done[[User:JoyousOne|JoyousOne]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
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== Copyright of images ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What is the copyright status of the images in the article?  A quick glance would suggest to me that they have simply been copied from a web-site.  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:02, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is incorrect==&lt;br /&gt;
CPWebmaster, the Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is not the correct name for the neanderthal. It is Homo neanderthalensis. Neanderthalensis and Sapiens are different species. Please correct.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:04, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article really should be renamed Homo neanderthalensis.  The Homo sapien neanderthalensis classification was largely based on Willian King's 1864 observations and conclusions that Neanderthals were very closely related to modern humans.  Current research into Neanderthal DNA has revealed no evolutionary link between the two species, therefore many anthropologists tend to classfy Neanderthals as a seperate species. [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:14, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Smithsonian Institution classifies neanderthal as Homo neanderthalensis http://www.mnh.si.edu/anthro/humanorigins/ha/neand.htm.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:35, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I wasn't going to comment because I should be in bed by now, but would an acceptable compromise be to name the article either &amp;quot;Neanderthal Man&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Neandertal Man&amp;quot; (there's justification for both) and then explain the scientific name(s) in the body of the article?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:45, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Perhaps but it does sidestep the scientific naming of the organism. --[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History according to Creationists== &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Malnutrition and longer life spans could cause features similar to those seen in Neanderthal skeletons.&amp;quot; If malnutrition was a cause of features then the features would not be passed down to their offspring. Only genetic mutation would cause this, thus speciation. Please explain this stance for as of now it A. shows that neanderthal was speciated B. that the statement is incorrect about nutrition causing the features and that they were homo sapians if they had the same nutritional avaliblity as the rest of man kind.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The claims that Neanderthals could speak exactly as modern humans is still hotly debated by physical anthropologists.  Stating this as a fact is grossly misleading.  In addition, many of the cranial features of neanderthals are NOT seen in modern humans.  Mainly the abscence of a chin, the extreme prognathic midface, the larger brows, and the much lower cranial vault. The occipital bones protrude alot, and sport a depression caled the suprainiac fossa for the attachment of much larger neck muscles.  There also exists a retromolar gap.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I agree.  CPWebmaster is pulling from the AIG website which has trouble finding empirical evidence for their claims on Neanderthal.  Their mtDNA claim is refuted by what I posted below.  They have not even updated to the new science evidence.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:03, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
OK, how do fossils prove the use of complex syntax in spoken language?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:30, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===mtDNA===&lt;br /&gt;
In 1999, scientists successfully extracted a 345 base pair sequence of mtDNA from a second Neandertal, a 29,000 year-old fossil of a baby recently discovered in Mesmaiskaya cave in south-western Russia. (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000, Höss 2000) The results of this study were similar to the previous ones, putting the Mezmaiskaya specimen outside the range of modern human mtDNA. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In addition, the two Neandertals are fairly similar, differing from each other in 12 base pairs. The difference is greater than that usually found between pairs of modern Europeans or Asians (only 1% of whom differ in 12 or more places), but comparable to the differences between modern Africans (37% of whom differ by 12 or more).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The distance between Mezmaiskaya and a particular modern human sequence known as the reference sequence (Anderson et al. 1981) was 22, compared to 27 for the first Neandertal. (However, no figures are given for the minimum, average and maximum distances between Mezmaiskaya and modern humans; it is unclear whether Mezmaiskaya is in general closer to modern humans than Feldhofer is.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The phylogenetic analyses of Ovchinnikov et al. show the two Neandertals grouped together, and separated from all modern humans. As with the first specimen, Mezmaiskaya also appears to be equidistant from all groups of modern humans, strengthening the conclusion that Neandertals are not closely related to modern Europeans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because this second individual was discovered about 2,500 km (1,500 miles) from the first, it provides very strong confirmation of the previous results. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The fact that its mtDNA was also fairly close to that of the first Neandertal makes it much less likely that Neandertals and the ancestors of modern humans were both part of an interbreeding population with a large amount of mtDNA genetic variation that has been mostly lost:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;In particular, these data reduce the likelihood that Neanderthals contained enough mtDNA sequence diversity to encompass modern human diversity&amp;quot; (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Interestingly, the preservation of the Mezmaiskaya specimen appears to be much better than that of the Feldhofer specimen. It is so good, in fact, that there is a possibility that its entire mtDNA genome may be able to be sequenced, and there is even a possibility that some of its nuclear DNA may be retrievable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
mtDNA from a third Neandertal&lt;br /&gt;
In 2000, scientists announced the sequencing of a third Neandertal mtDNA specimen from a cave at Vindija, Croatia (Krings et al. 2000). When the three Neandertals are compared with modern humans, all three of them cluster together, and apart from all modern humans. This conclusion is reinforced by a study by Knight (2003). Knight excluded from the comparison sites in the mtDNA genome which are known to have mutated more than once, and which are therefore poor indicators of phylogenetic relationships. His study strongly confirmed earlier ones showing deeply divergent histories for modern human mtDNA lineages and the known Neandertal ones. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Like modern humans, Neandertals had low genetic diversity compared to apes. The diversity of the three Neandertal mtDNA sequences (3.73%) is lower than that of chimpanzees (14.82+/-5.7%) and gorillas (18.57+/-5.26%), and similar to that of modern humans worldwide (3.43+/-1.22%). If modern humans are sorted into continental groups, the diversity of the three Neandertals is similar to (within one standard deviation of) that for Africans, Asians, native Americans and Australian aboriginals, and Oceanians. Modern Europeans, who live in approximately the same region as the Neandertals, have less diversity than the Neandertals. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Still more Neandertal mtDNA&lt;br /&gt;
Schmitz et al. (2002) reported on a fourth Neandertal mtDNA sequence from the second Neandertal fossil found at Feldhofer, the site in Germany at which the first Neandertal fossil was found. It was closely related to the previous Neandertal mtDNA sequences. &lt;br /&gt;
Serre et al. (2004) were able to sequence mtDNA from four other Neandertal fossils, along with mtDNA from five early modern humans. The four Neandertals all had mtDNA similar to those found in the previous Neandertals. Serre and his colleagues found no evidence of mtDNA gene flow between modern humans and Neandertals in either direction, but could not rule out the possibility of limited gene flow. Interestingly, the mtDNA sequences from the Vindija Neandertals, which have a less extreme Neandertal anatomy than the classic Neandertals, and are considered transitional between modern humans and classic Neandertals by some scientists, were no closer to modern humans than the rest of the Neandertal fossils. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is the Neandertal outside the human range?&lt;br /&gt;
Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that because two modern human sequences are 24 bases apart, while the smallest Neandertal/human difference is only 22, does not mean the Neandertal sequence is within the range of modern humans. To use an analogy, suppose we measured the height of 994 adult humans, and they varied from 4'8&amp;quot; to 6'8&amp;quot; (a difference of 24 inches). Suppose we then found a skeleton which was 8'6&amp;quot; in height. No one would claim that it fell within the modern human range because it was closer to the nearest human (22 inches) than the tallest human was from the shortest human (24 inches).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note also that the two figures (22 and 24) are measuring very different things, making it invalid to compare the two figures. Just as the Neandertal was compared against 994 modern humans, any of those humans could be similarly compared against the other 993 humans. We could compute the minimum, average, and maximum distance from that human to the other humans, just as was done for the Neandertal. If we calculated those values for all the humans, we could then calculate minimum, average and maximum values of all the individual minima, averages and maxima, and compare those values against the equivalent values for the Neandertal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We do not know from the Krings et al. 1997 paper the distribution of minimum distances of humans from other humans. The smallest such value is 1. The largest such value might, I suspect, be as much as 5. The same value for the Neandertal is 22, well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For average distances of humans to other humans, we know the average value is 8.0. The minimum average distance will be a little less; the maximum average value must be at least 12 (this can be deduced from the fact that there are two humans 24 apart) and less than 24; I would guess it might be about 16 for a highly atypical human. For the Neandertal, the value is 27, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For maximum distances, the maximum such value is 24, but for most humans, the maximum distance to any other human will be less than that. The value of 24 is highly atypical, because it is taken between the two individuals who have indepently diverged farthest from mitochondrial Eve, and is the maximum of nearly half a million (994 * 993 / 2) comparisons among modern humans. For the Neandertal, the value is 36, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In other words, for all three measurements (minimum, average and maximum distances to other humans), the Neandertal measurement is much larger than the maximum value of the same measurement from a sample of 994 modern humans, and even further from the average value. The Neandertal is not merely outside the human range, but well outside it. &lt;br /&gt;
:--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:53, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Logic==&lt;br /&gt;
From CPWebmaster's talk page &lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When it comes to origins, AIG is obviously more valid than the Smithsonian. I am aware that Homo neanderthalensis is the &amp;quot;accepted&amp;quot; species, but this is merely hopeful thinking by evolutionists. In reality, Homo neanderthalensis is HUMAN. I placed it under a sub-species because I did not want it to conflict with the human article. CPWebmaster 11:49, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:If homo neanderthalensis is human as you said above, then why not list it with Homo sapiens? CPWebmaster, I can not understand why you would perceive AIG as more valid than the Smithsonian. There are thousands more scientists working and submitting to the Smithsonian than AIG. This provides a more critical environment for research. AIG struggles to have PhDs write articles within the scope of their discipline. How many times have you seen a physicist write about biology at AIG? The point is that if you plan to use taxonomy to describe an organism then you must follow taxonomy rules to describe the organism. Meaning if you wish to say that Neanderthal was a subspecies of Homo sapiens then you need to list Neanderthal as Homo sapiens. Otherwise you need to place it back with homo neanderthalensis.--TimS 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I don't know why I'm even trying to correct this article.  You cannot use logic against religious conviction.  No matter what we say he is still going to put a creationist slant on the article.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:23, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== editing ==&lt;br /&gt;
By-the-by, going in and pulling the creationist part above the evolutionist part is kinda pathetic and childish.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160388</id>
		<title>Talk:Neanderthal</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Talk:Neanderthal&amp;diff=160388"/>
		<updated>2007-05-14T16:28:32Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;''Thought by evolutionists to represent some sort of &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot;. In fact, fits well within the normal height-weight ratios of modern humans''&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How does the fact that they were physically similar to modern humans in some characteristics preclude them from having lived in caves? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 07:47, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:You need to consider the connotation of ''caveman'', not just its denotation.&lt;br /&gt;
:*denotation: a human being who lives in a cave : cave-dweller&lt;br /&gt;
:*connotation: a primitive (practical subhuman) creature having the appearance of ''homo sapiens'' and yet not really a person&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:This is rough, of course, or I'd simply add it to the article. Do you get my drift? --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 07:50, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So why use the term &amp;quot;caveman&amp;quot; in the article? In what way does the height/weight ratio of the neanderthals have a bearing on whether they were modern humans or not? Can you link to some evolutionist researh in which neanderthals are described as subhuman? [[User:Chrysogonus|Chrysogonus]] 08:10, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:No, I can't. I don't know enough about [[human origins]] to do that. You sound like you know more about this than I do. May I offer you some writing tasks to volunteer for? ;-) --[[User:Ed Poor|Ed Poor]] 08:58, 1 April 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Don't mess with this article!==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I wrote 90% of this article and it now falls under my protection: &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* I will only allow additions with credible references:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Good&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: accredited news agencies, science journals, university websites and research papers &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:   &amp;lt;B&amp;gt;Bad&amp;lt;/B&amp;gt;: blogs, 100 year old books, AiG, CMI,...&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* I will not allow creationist material in this article: this one's for science, if you're a YEC, go to a debate page or go vandalize the [[Dinosaur]] article&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:95%? Give me a bit more credit thatn that, it took me a while to get this article properly started. Your work on the article is superb, but I claim th eright to assist with this project. Your work is excellent though, in transforming my text to a full article and I wonder if you would be interested in doing the same for [[Homo]] [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is 90% ok?&lt;br /&gt;
But, yeah, of course you can edit, anyone can edit this, as long as it's properly sourced.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[User:MiddleMan|MiddleMan]]&lt;br /&gt;
:: 90%, Ah, go on then, but I am only letting you off on account of the funky photos. [[User:stevendavy|stevendavy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Here goes your article. I hope you have the strength and power to defend your version. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:20, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:What's this about it being under ''your'' protection?  All articles on Conservapedia are subject to being edited by others.  And what's wrong with AiG and CMI as sources?  Just because they have a different worldview to you is no reason to malign them.&lt;br /&gt;
:And what's with the (offensive) distinction between &amp;quot;science&amp;quot; and &amp;quot;creationist material&amp;quot;?  Since when does the atheistic worldview have a monopoly on science?&lt;br /&gt;
:[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::I think his claim of &amp;quot;Under his protection&amp;quot; is based on user:conservative's protecting the articles that he writes, the majority of, without allowing other editors, non sysops, to make changes.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 10:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::TimS has it right, I guess. And definitely not &amp;quot;All articles&amp;quot; are open to being edited. &lt;br /&gt;
:::P.S. Fortunately, science is not monopolized by a religious or areligious group/worldview. Many scientists are Christians. But they do science, not religion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:37, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::Some articles (too many) are locked to prevent vandalism or liberal edits, but none are limited to a single author (some essays excepted).&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[physical science|Origins science]] does tend to be monopolised by one religion: atheism.  Even many of the Christians working in science have been bluffed into thinking atheistically.&lt;br /&gt;
::::[[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:52, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:::::Obviously not. And not. But this is not the place for that kind of discussion. [[User:Leopeo|Leopeo]] 10:56, 14 May 2007 (EDT) &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::::::Then why start it here?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 10:59, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Why did someone change the opening to this article?  It was well written and factual.  The reference to Mousterian tool tradition is accurate.  Shouldn't the editor give some explanation as to why parts have been removed?[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:32, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Society in anatomy ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I see alot of items concerning society being included in the anatomy section.  Could someone more wiki-savvy than I clear that up?  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:Minor fix...all done[[User:JoyousOne|JoyousOne]] 10:50, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Copyright of images ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What is the copyright status of the images in the article?  A quick glance would suggest to me that they have simply been copied from a web-site.  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:02, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is incorrect==&lt;br /&gt;
CPWebmaster, the Homo sapiens neanderthalensis is not the correct name for the neanderthal. It is Homo neanderthalensis. Neanderthalensis and Sapiens are different species. Please correct.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:04, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This article really should be renamed Homo neanderthalensis.  The Homo sapien neanderthalensis classification was largely based on Willian King's 1864 observations and conclusions that Neanderthals were very closely related to modern humans.  Current research into Neanderthal DNA has revealed no evolutionary link between the two species, therefore many anthropologists tend to classfy Neanderthals as a seperate species. [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 11:14, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The Smithsonian Institution classifies neanderthal as Homo neanderthalensis http://www.mnh.si.edu/anthro/humanorigins/ha/neand.htm.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:35, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:I wasn't going to comment because I should be in bed by now, but would an acceptable compromise be to name the article either &amp;quot;Neanderthal Man&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Neandertal Man&amp;quot; (there's justification for both) and then explain the scientific name(s) in the body of the article?  [[User:Philip J. Rayment|Philip J. Rayment]] 11:45, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
::Perhaps but it does sidestep the scientific naming of the organism. --[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History according to Creationists== &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Malnutrition and longer life spans could cause features similar to those seen in Neanderthal skeletons.&amp;quot; If malnutrition was a cause of features then the features would not be passed down to their offspring. Only genetic mutation would cause this, thus speciation. Please explain this stance for as of now it A. shows that neanderthal was speciated B. that the statement is incorrect about nutrition causing the features and that they were homo sapians if they had the same nutritional avaliblity as the rest of man kind.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:46, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The claims that Neanderthals could speak exactly as modern humans is still hotly debated by physical anthropologists.  Stating this as a fact is grossly misleading.  In addition, many of the cranial features of neanderthals are NOT seen in modern humans.  Mainly the abscence of a chin, the extreme prognathic midface, the larger brows, and the much lower cranial vault. The occipital bones protrude alot, and sport a depression caled the suprainiac fossa for the attachment of much larger neck muscles.  There also exists a retromolar gap.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I agree.  CPWebmaster is pulling from the AIG website which has trouble finding empirical evidence for their claims on Neanderthal.  Their mtDNA claim is refuted by what I posted below.  They have not even updated to the new science evidence.--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 12:03, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===mtDNA===&lt;br /&gt;
In 1999, scientists successfully extracted a 345 base pair sequence of mtDNA from a second Neandertal, a 29,000 year-old fossil of a baby recently discovered in Mesmaiskaya cave in south-western Russia. (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000, Höss 2000) The results of this study were similar to the previous ones, putting the Mezmaiskaya specimen outside the range of modern human mtDNA. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In addition, the two Neandertals are fairly similar, differing from each other in 12 base pairs. The difference is greater than that usually found between pairs of modern Europeans or Asians (only 1% of whom differ in 12 or more places), but comparable to the differences between modern Africans (37% of whom differ by 12 or more).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The distance between Mezmaiskaya and a particular modern human sequence known as the reference sequence (Anderson et al. 1981) was 22, compared to 27 for the first Neandertal. (However, no figures are given for the minimum, average and maximum distances between Mezmaiskaya and modern humans; it is unclear whether Mezmaiskaya is in general closer to modern humans than Feldhofer is.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The phylogenetic analyses of Ovchinnikov et al. show the two Neandertals grouped together, and separated from all modern humans. As with the first specimen, Mezmaiskaya also appears to be equidistant from all groups of modern humans, strengthening the conclusion that Neandertals are not closely related to modern Europeans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Because this second individual was discovered about 2,500 km (1,500 miles) from the first, it provides very strong confirmation of the previous results. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The fact that its mtDNA was also fairly close to that of the first Neandertal makes it much less likely that Neandertals and the ancestors of modern humans were both part of an interbreeding population with a large amount of mtDNA genetic variation that has been mostly lost:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;In particular, these data reduce the likelihood that Neanderthals contained enough mtDNA sequence diversity to encompass modern human diversity&amp;quot; (Ovchinnikov et al. 2000)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Interestingly, the preservation of the Mezmaiskaya specimen appears to be much better than that of the Feldhofer specimen. It is so good, in fact, that there is a possibility that its entire mtDNA genome may be able to be sequenced, and there is even a possibility that some of its nuclear DNA may be retrievable.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
mtDNA from a third Neandertal&lt;br /&gt;
In 2000, scientists announced the sequencing of a third Neandertal mtDNA specimen from a cave at Vindija, Croatia (Krings et al. 2000). When the three Neandertals are compared with modern humans, all three of them cluster together, and apart from all modern humans. This conclusion is reinforced by a study by Knight (2003). Knight excluded from the comparison sites in the mtDNA genome which are known to have mutated more than once, and which are therefore poor indicators of phylogenetic relationships. His study strongly confirmed earlier ones showing deeply divergent histories for modern human mtDNA lineages and the known Neandertal ones. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Like modern humans, Neandertals had low genetic diversity compared to apes. The diversity of the three Neandertal mtDNA sequences (3.73%) is lower than that of chimpanzees (14.82+/-5.7%) and gorillas (18.57+/-5.26%), and similar to that of modern humans worldwide (3.43+/-1.22%). If modern humans are sorted into continental groups, the diversity of the three Neandertals is similar to (within one standard deviation of) that for Africans, Asians, native Americans and Australian aboriginals, and Oceanians. Modern Europeans, who live in approximately the same region as the Neandertals, have less diversity than the Neandertals. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Still more Neandertal mtDNA&lt;br /&gt;
Schmitz et al. (2002) reported on a fourth Neandertal mtDNA sequence from the second Neandertal fossil found at Feldhofer, the site in Germany at which the first Neandertal fossil was found. It was closely related to the previous Neandertal mtDNA sequences. &lt;br /&gt;
Serre et al. (2004) were able to sequence mtDNA from four other Neandertal fossils, along with mtDNA from five early modern humans. The four Neandertals all had mtDNA similar to those found in the previous Neandertals. Serre and his colleagues found no evidence of mtDNA gene flow between modern humans and Neandertals in either direction, but could not rule out the possibility of limited gene flow. Interestingly, the mtDNA sequences from the Vindija Neandertals, which have a less extreme Neandertal anatomy than the classic Neandertals, and are considered transitional between modern humans and classic Neandertals by some scientists, were no closer to modern humans than the rest of the Neandertal fossils. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Is the Neandertal outside the human range?&lt;br /&gt;
Yes.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note that because two modern human sequences are 24 bases apart, while the smallest Neandertal/human difference is only 22, does not mean the Neandertal sequence is within the range of modern humans. To use an analogy, suppose we measured the height of 994 adult humans, and they varied from 4'8&amp;quot; to 6'8&amp;quot; (a difference of 24 inches). Suppose we then found a skeleton which was 8'6&amp;quot; in height. No one would claim that it fell within the modern human range because it was closer to the nearest human (22 inches) than the tallest human was from the shortest human (24 inches).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Note also that the two figures (22 and 24) are measuring very different things, making it invalid to compare the two figures. Just as the Neandertal was compared against 994 modern humans, any of those humans could be similarly compared against the other 993 humans. We could compute the minimum, average, and maximum distance from that human to the other humans, just as was done for the Neandertal. If we calculated those values for all the humans, we could then calculate minimum, average and maximum values of all the individual minima, averages and maxima, and compare those values against the equivalent values for the Neandertal.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We do not know from the Krings et al. 1997 paper the distribution of minimum distances of humans from other humans. The smallest such value is 1. The largest such value might, I suspect, be as much as 5. The same value for the Neandertal is 22, well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For average distances of humans to other humans, we know the average value is 8.0. The minimum average distance will be a little less; the maximum average value must be at least 12 (this can be deduced from the fact that there are two humans 24 apart) and less than 24; I would guess it might be about 16 for a highly atypical human. For the Neandertal, the value is 27, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For maximum distances, the maximum such value is 24, but for most humans, the maximum distance to any other human will be less than that. The value of 24 is highly atypical, because it is taken between the two individuals who have indepently diverged farthest from mitochondrial Eve, and is the maximum of nearly half a million (994 * 993 / 2) comparisons among modern humans. For the Neandertal, the value is 36, again well outside the human range.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In other words, for all three measurements (minimum, average and maximum distances to other humans), the Neandertal measurement is much larger than the maximum value of the same measurement from a sample of 994 modern humans, and even further from the average value. The Neandertal is not merely outside the human range, but well outside it. &lt;br /&gt;
:--[[User:Tims|TimS]] 11:53, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Logic==&lt;br /&gt;
From CPWebmaster's talk page &lt;br /&gt;
:&amp;lt;blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
When it comes to origins, AIG is obviously more valid than the Smithsonian. I am aware that Homo neanderthalensis is the &amp;quot;accepted&amp;quot; species, but this is merely hopeful thinking by evolutionists. In reality, Homo neanderthalensis is HUMAN. I placed it under a sub-species because I did not want it to conflict with the human article. CPWebmaster 11:49, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
:If homo neanderthalensis is human as you said above, then why not list it with Homo sapiens? CPWebmaster, I can not understand why you would perceive AIG as more valid than the Smithsonian. There are thousands more scientists working and submitting to the Smithsonian than AIG. This provides a more critical environment for research. AIG struggles to have PhDs write articles within the scope of their discipline. How many times have you seen a physicist write about biology at AIG? The point is that if you plan to use taxonomy to describe an organism then you must follow taxonomy rules to describe the organism. Meaning if you wish to say that Neanderthal was a subspecies of Homo sapiens then you need to list Neanderthal as Homo sapiens. Otherwise you need to place it back with homo neanderthalensis.--TimS 12:01, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I don't know why I'm even trying to correct this article.  You cannot use logic against religious conviction.  No matter what we say he is still going to put a creationist slant on the article.  [[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:23, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== editing ==&lt;br /&gt;
By-the-by, going in and pulling the creationist part above the evolutionist part is kinda pathetic and childish.[[User:Prof0705|Prof0705]] 12:28, 14 May 2007 (EDT)&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Neanderthal&amp;diff=160381</id>
		<title>Neanderthal</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Neanderthal&amp;diff=160381"/>
		<updated>2007-05-14T16:26:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Prof0705: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;The first fossil humanoid to be identified as such, and the best known, named after remains found in the [[Neanderthal]] valley in western [[Germany]] in 1856. ''Homo sapiens neanderthalensis'' is found throughout [[Europe]] and the [[Near East]].  Neanderthal man is associated with the Middle Paleolithic Mousterian tool tradition. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Thieme, Hartmut. &amp;quot;Lower to Midle Paleolithic Huntin Spears, and Lithic Tool Traditions.&amp;quot; Archaeology, 13, 2003.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Anatomy==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Human_Skeleton.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Neanderthal (left) and human (right) skeletons, showing both the similarities and the differences between the species.]]&lt;br /&gt;
A Neanderthal was a fully erect biped of stocky build, with a long low skull, prominent brow ridges and [[occiputs]], and a jutting face. &lt;br /&gt;
Neanderthals were on average more muscular than humans and lacked a chin, they were social creatures living in small tribes, like the humans of their time, Neanderthals also possessed the skull features required for speech &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthal Myths &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Neanderthal, Channel 4&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/N/neanderthal/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
The popular impression of him as a stooping brute is incorrect and derives from the original poor reconstruction in the Neanderthal valley. It has also been suggested that the first individual found suffered from vitamin D deficiency ([[rickets]]) or [[syphilis]].&lt;br /&gt;
Whether Neanderthals did interbreed, or if this was even possible remains unknown, so far the small amounts of Neanderthal [[DNA]] found do not suggest a recent genetic link between the species &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Odd man out: Neanderthals and modern humans &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;British Archaeology&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba51/ba51feat.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
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Homo neanderthalensis also had an average brainsize of 1,450 cc with a range from 1,125cc to 1,750cc.  Average modern humna brain size is 1,330cc.  Many Neanderthal fossils have been recovered showing massive amounts of wear on the teeth, which to many physical anthropologists suggests that the teeth were regularly used for gripping skins during stretching and working.  &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Klein, Richard. The Dawn of Human Culture. New York, John Wiley and Sons, 2002.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==Society==&lt;br /&gt;
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From http://www.icr.org/article/468/:&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;quot;No other organisms, either living or fossil, made tools to make other complex tools, buried their dead, had controlled use of fire, practiced religious ceremonies, used complex syntax in their spoken grammar, and played musical instruments, yet we know from their fossils that Neanderthal engaged in all.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
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Neanderthals were probably about as intelligent as an average human, they were social creatures living in small tribes, like the humans of their time, studies suggest that Neanderthal tribes interacted less with each other than human tribes did. {{fact}}&lt;br /&gt;
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Neanderthals had the ability to make fire. They never invented projectile weapons but relied on spears with limited range, even when facing large animals, their robust bodies enabled them to use this hunting style that was considered far too dangerous by humans. {{fact}} A common hunting technique was to drive prey animals off a cliff, or corner them prey and finish them of with spears, much like today's [[Pygmees]] hunt elephants.{{fact}}&lt;br /&gt;
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Evidence of care for the elderly and the sick has been found &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals on Trial &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;University of Minnesota, Duluth&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/video/On_Trial.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, they also used medicinal plants, made clothes out of animal skins and used stone tools. Neanderthals performed elaborate burying rituals, suggesting some sort of religion &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Early Man &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Andy Simmons&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [http://www-staff.it.uts.edu.au/~simmonds/Sophy/early_man.htm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
Interestingly archaeologists have never found Neanderthal cave drawings, although handcrafted art has been found &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthal 'face' found in Loire &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;BBC News &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/3256228.stm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;.&lt;br /&gt;
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== History according to evolutionists ==&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Neanderthal_sites.gif|right|thumb|350px|The last refuges of the Neanderthals, with evolutionary dates.]]&lt;br /&gt;
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Evolutionists believe that Neanderthal man developed from ''Homo erectus'', though the widespread distribution of intermediate forms hinders an attempt to resolve any single geographical locality as the place of development. The fate of Neanderthals is equally hard to determine, but they are believed to have gone extinct between 28,000 and 24,000 years ago &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals' 'last rock refuge' ''BBC News'' [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/5343266.stm]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;, but how or why is unknown: many theories have been presented, these are the most common ones: &lt;br /&gt;
* Climate changes. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt; Climate Change Pushed Neanderthal Into Extinction In Iberian Peninsula ''GeneticArchaeology.com'' [http://www.geneticarchaeology.com/Research/Climate_Change_Pushed_Neanderthal_Into_Extinction_In_Iberian_Peninsula.asp]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Competition with other humans over resources.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Did Use of Free Trade Cause Neanderthal Extinction? ''Newswise'' [http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/510666/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Their reliance on meat.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Meaty appetites may have caused Neanderthal extinction ''Science &amp;amp; Spirit'' [http://www.science-spirit.org/archive_cm_detail.php?new_id=317]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* Assimilation into the larger human population.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;The assimilation model, modern human origins in Europe and the extinction of Neanderthals ''Fred H. Smith, Ivor Jankovic, Ivor Karavanic'' [http://www.ffzg.hr/arheo/prap/the%20assimilation%20model.pdf]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* An interspecies &amp;quot;Zeroth World War&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Odd man out: Neanderthals and modern humans ''British Archaeology'' [http://www.britarch.ac.uk/ba/ba51/ba51feat.html]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Evolutionists consider it likely that a combination of at least some of these factors led to the extinction of the Neanderthals.&lt;br /&gt;
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Neanderthal Man is not considered to be a direct ancestor of modern humans, but their remains are examples of [[transitional fossil]]s along a subsidiary branch, an evolutionary dead end.{{fact}}&lt;br /&gt;
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==History according to Creationists==&lt;br /&gt;
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[[Young Earth Creationism|Young Earth Creationists]] believe that Neanderthals were as fully human as we are.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/am/v1/n2/worthy-ancestors&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; This is based on evidence such as:&lt;br /&gt;
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* The brain size of neanderthalensis meets or exceeds that of humans today.&lt;br /&gt;
* They had the ability to speak exactly like humans.&lt;br /&gt;
* The skeletons of humans and neanderthalensis are identical in bone count and types. The size differences between the two can be seen today in humans.&lt;br /&gt;
* DNA evidence shows neanderthalensis very similar to humans.&lt;br /&gt;
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From http://www.icr.org/article/468/:&lt;br /&gt;
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&amp;lt;blockquote style=&amp;quot;background: #F9F9F9; border: 1px solid #AAAAAA; padding: .3em;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;The recent recovery of mitochondrial DNA from the right humerus of the Neanderthal remains from Neander Valley near Dusseldorf, Germany, has been of great interest to evolutionists and creationists alike (Krings et al., 1997). Based on the comparison of modern human mt DNA and that taken from the Neanderthal, evolutionists have argued that the &amp;quot;Neanderthal line&amp;quot; diverged from the line of &amp;quot;hominids&amp;quot; leading to modern humans about 600,000 years B.P. without contributing mt DNA to modern Homo sapiens populations. This strongly implies that Neanderthals were a different species from modern humans. However, the above noted interpretation is not scientifically justified. Lubenow (1998) has pointed out that the use of a statistical average of a large modern human sample (994 sequences from 1669 modern humans) compared with the mt DNA sequence from one Neanderthal is not appropriate. Furthermore, the mt DNA sequence differences among modern humans range from 1 to 24 substitutions, with an average of eight substitutions, whereas, the mt DNA sequence differences between modern man and the Neanderthal specimen range from 22 to 36 substitutions, placing Neanderthals, at worst, on the fringes of the modern range.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/blockquote&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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Harsh conditions due to the [[Ice Age]] after the [[flood|Great flood]] caused human groups to migrate and splinter off to survive.  Neanderthal type traits were best suited for the harsh cold.  Malnutrition and longer life spans could cause features similar to those seen in Neanderthal skeletons. &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Neanderthals are still human [http://www.icr.org/article/468/]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;references/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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[[Category:Primates]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Hominid]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Prof0705</name></author>
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