https://www.conservapedia.com/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=VivianWConservapedia - User contributions [en]2026-10-07T07:44:56ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.35.14https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Neurotransmitter&diff=578291Neurotransmitter2008-12-05T13:42:27Z<p>VivianW: Expansion of automous nervous system</p>
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<div>'''Neurotransmitters''' are [[chemical]]s in the [[nervous system]] that communicate information between [[neuron]]s. Neurotransmitters are released from a [[presynaptic terminal]] of one neuron and cross the [[synaptic cleft]] (the space between neurons) before binding to a [[receptor]] on another neuron. This results in chloride channels being opened, causing hyperpolarisation, thereby increasing the probability of an action potential being established in the postsynaptic membrane. Australian scientist [[Otto Loewi]] discovered the first neurotransmitter, [[acetylcholine]], in 1936 while experimenting on [[pig]]s.<br />
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== Autonomous Nervous System==<br />
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Neurotransmitters are employed in the ''sympathetic'' and ''pseudosympathetic'' nervous systems, and the former of which uses noradrenaline and the latter acetylcholine. Acetylcholine is broken down by acetylcholinesterase, which produces the precursor L-dopa, which in turn can be converted into [[dopamine]] via additive synthesis, as mediated by a cysteine ligase. This is the reason why during times of relaxation, where the pseudosympathetic nervous system is stimulated, a feeling of pleasure is contemporaneously induced in the sensory areas of the cerebral cortex <br />
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== Neurotransmitter Guidelines ==<br />
To be considered a neurotransmitter, a chemical must meet most or all of the following criteria:<br />
*it must be manufactured within a neuron<br />
*it must be found in a neuron<br />
*it must be released when a neuron is stimulated<br />
*when it is released it must [[binding|bind]] to a [[receptor]] and cause a biological change<br />
*after release the chemical must become inactive<br />
*when applied manually to post-synaptic [[membrane]] the chemical must have the same biological effect that it did when released from a neuron<br />
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== Examples of Common Neurotransmitters ==<br />
*Acetylcholine<br />
*Serotonin<br />
*Dopamine<br />
*Noradrenaline<br />
*Glutamate<br />
*GABBA<br />
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[[category:neuroscience]]</div>VivianW