Djibouti - Revision history

RobSmith: /* Belt and Road Initiative */

2026-06-08T19:39:20Z

‎Belt and Road Initiative

RobSmith: /* References */

2021-08-03T03:06:52Z

‎References

RobSmith: /* History */

2021-08-03T03:05:47Z

‎History

RobSmith: /* Belt and Road Initiative */

2021-08-03T02:51:23Z

‎Belt and Road Initiative

RobSmith: /* Belt and Road Iniaitive */

2021-08-03T02:23:02Z

‎Belt and Road Iniaitive

RobSmith: /* Belt and Road Iniaitive */

2021-08-03T02:22:01Z

‎Belt and Road Iniaitive

RobSmith: /* Foreign Relations */

2021-08-03T02:21:43Z

‎Foreign Relations

United States at 20:58, November 29, 2020

2020-11-29T20:58:04Z

DavidB4-bot: /* Economy */Spelling, Grammar, and General Cleanup, typos fixed: privately- → privately

2017-03-08T23:22:03Z

‎Economy: Spelling, Grammar, and General Cleanup, typos fixed: privately- → privately

DavidB4-bot: Spelling/Grammar Check, typos fixed: newly- → newly , sq km → km² (2)

2016-07-15T16:41:32Z

Spelling/Grammar Check, typos fixed: newly- → newly , sq km → km<sup>2</sup> (2)

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 Djibouti has become a geostrategic point for [[China]]. With a population of under one million, it is situated in a geopolitical hotspot, at the end of a chokepoint between the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden through which one-third of the world's ships must pass to transport energy and cargo.
-Soon after concluding negotiations with Djibouti in January 2016, China promptly began the naval and military base's construction in March 2016, at an estimated cost of US$590 million.  The base is located near the heavily trafficked Bab-el-Mandeb constituting a major chokepoint for maritime traffic en route to the [[Suez Canal]] and the [[Mediterranean Sea]].  On PLA Day, August 1, 2017, the first flag-raising ceremony was held.  Djibouti provides easy access to the Peoples Liberation Army (PLAN) warships, while its proximity to other military bases makes it useful for intelligence operations and [[cyber warfare]].  The alleged "logistical support base" was built on a 200-acre site surrounded by medieval-style defensive battlements that are nine meters across at their widest point and have a maximum capacity of 7,000 people. The site features an office building, watchtowers, a seawater desalination plant, air traffic control, drone control, a 400-meter runway, and hangars.  Although the airstrip is too short for fighter jets and heavy transport planes, [[PLA]] scholars are confident that the Chinese air force will have free access to Djibouti's main airport "if and when necessary.  A new pier is long enough to accommodate one of China's two [[aircraft carrier]]s, its largest amphibious assault ship, or four nuclear [[submarine]]s.
+Soon after concluding negotiations with Djibouti in January 2016, China promptly began the naval and military base's construction in March 2016, at an estimated cost of US$590 million.  The base is located near the heavily trafficked [[Bab-el-Mandeb]] constituting a major chokepoint for maritime traffic en route to the [[Suez Canal]] and the [[Mediterranean Sea]].  On PLA Day, August 1, 2017, the first flag-raising ceremony was held.  Djibouti provides easy access to the Peoples Liberation Army (PLAN) warships, while its proximity to other military bases makes it useful for intelligence operations and [[cyber warfare]].  The alleged "logistical support base" was built on a 200-acre site surrounded by medieval-style defensive battlements that are nine meters across at their widest point and have a maximum capacity of 7,000 people. The site features an office building, watchtowers, a seawater desalination plant, air traffic control, drone control, a 400-meter runway, and hangars.  Although the airstrip is too short for fighter jets and heavy transport planes, [[PLA]] scholars are confident that the Chinese air force will have free access to Djibouti's main airport "if and when necessary.  A new pier is long enough to accommodate one of China's two [[aircraft carrier]]s, its largest amphibious assault ship, or four nuclear [[submarine]]s.
 The base also includes an underground space spanning approximately 23,000 square meters. While the exact purpose for this underground facility remains the subject of conjecture, it allows the Peoples Liberation Army Mavy (PLAN) to conduct clandestine operations, offers an added layer of protection for personnel, facilities and vehicles, and may serve as an ammunition storage facility.  A modern military hospital serves approximately 2,000 soldiers and personnel, including hundreds of marines.

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 ==References==
 {{reflist}}
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 In February 2000, another branch of FRUD signed a peace accord with the government. On May 12, 2001, President Ismail Omar Guelleh presided over the signing of what was termed the final peace accord officially ending the decade-long civil war between the government and the armed faction of the FRUD. The peace accord successfully completed the peace process begun on February 7, 2000 in Paris. Ahmed Dini Ahmed represented the FRUD.
+==References==
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 ====Belt and Road Initiative====
 :{{See also|Belt and Road Initiative}}
 ==Economy==

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 Djibouti seeks to play the role of neutral in the frequently tense regional politics of the Horn of Africa. It became Ethiopia's sole link to the sea when fighting broke out between Ethiopia and Eritrea in 1998. Aside from a two-year break in relations from 1998-2000, Djibouti has maintained a cordial relationship with Eritrea. Eritrea's President Isaias and Djibouti's President Guelleh exchanged visits in 2001, and Isaias returned to Djibouti in 2006 for the regional summit of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), hosted by President Guelleh in his capacity as incoming COMESA President. Djibouti continues to cultivate cordial relations with Ethiopia, reflecting the fundamental economic ties between the two countries and a long tradition of interchanges. However, rising tensions in Somalia and Ethiopian military involvement in Somalia in 2007 fueled widespread criticism of Ethiopia among Djibouti's majority Somali-speaking population. President Guelleh attended the 2007 Africa Union summit in Ethiopia and supports the African Union peacekeeping operation for Somalia (AMISOM).
-====Belt and Road Iniaitive====
+====Belt and Road Initiative====
-:{{See also|Belt and Road Iniative}}
+:{{See also|Belt and Road Initiative}}
 ==Economy==

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:21, August 3, 2021
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	Djibouti seeks to play the role of neutral in the frequently tense regional politics of the Horn of Africa. It became Ethiopia's sole link to the sea when fighting broke out between Ethiopia and Eritrea in 1998. Aside from a two-year break in relations from 1998-2000, Djibouti has maintained a cordial relationship with Eritrea. Eritrea's President Isaias and Djibouti's President Guelleh exchanged visits in 2001, and Isaias returned to Djibouti in 2006 for the regional summit of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), hosted by President Guelleh in his capacity as incoming COMESA President. Djibouti continues to cultivate cordial relations with Ethiopia, reflecting the fundamental economic ties between the two countries and a long tradition of interchanges. However, rising tensions in Somalia and Ethiopian military involvement in Somalia in 2007 fueled widespread criticism of Ethiopia among Djibouti's majority Somali-speaking population. President Guelleh attended the 2007 Africa Union summit in Ethiopia and supports the African Union peacekeeping operation for Somalia (AMISOM).		Djibouti seeks to play the role of neutral in the frequently tense regional politics of the Horn of Africa. It became Ethiopia's sole link to the sea when fighting broke out between Ethiopia and Eritrea in 1998. Aside from a two-year break in relations from 1998-2000, Djibouti has maintained a cordial relationship with Eritrea. Eritrea's President Isaias and Djibouti's President Guelleh exchanged visits in 2001, and Isaias returned to Djibouti in 2006 for the regional summit of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA), hosted by President Guelleh in his capacity as incoming COMESA President. Djibouti continues to cultivate cordial relations with Ethiopia, reflecting the fundamental economic ties between the two countries and a long tradition of interchanges. However, rising tensions in Somalia and Ethiopian military involvement in Somalia in 2007 fueled widespread criticism of Ethiopia among Djibouti's majority Somali-speaking population. President Guelleh attended the 2007 Africa Union summit in Ethiopia and supports the African Union peacekeeping operation for Somalia (AMISOM).
		+
		+	====Belt and Road Iniaitive====
		+	:{{See also\|Belt and Road Iniaitive}}

	==Economy==		==Economy==

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 |pm-raw	        =
 |area	        =8,958 sq mi
-|pop	        =496,374
+|pop	        =990,000 (2020)
-|pop-basis	=2007
+|pop-basis	=
 |gdp	        =$768 million
 |gdp-year	=2006
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 |tld            =
 }}
-The '''Republic of Djibouti''' is a nation of north-east Africa, bounded by [[Eritrea]], [[Ethiopia]] and the breakaway [[Somaliland]] region of [[Somalia]]; it faces on to the Gulf of Aden, an arm of the [[Indian Ocean]], at the entance to the [[Red Sea]]. The area of Djibouti is 8,958 square miles (22,980 km<sup>2</sup>) and it has a population of 496,000 (2007 est). The capital city is also called Djibouti.
+The '''Republic of Djibouti''' is a nation of north-east Africa, bounded by [[Eritrea]], [[Ethiopia]] and the breakaway [[Somaliland]] region of [[Somalia]]; it faces on to the Gulf of Aden, an arm of the [[Indian Ocean]], at the entrance to the [[Red Sea]]. The area of Djibouti is 8,958 square miles (22,980 km<sup>2</sup>) and it has a population of 496,000 (2007 est). The capital city is also called Djibouti.
 Djibouti was formerly known as French Somaliland and as the French Territory of the Afars and Isars; it gained independence as the Republic of Djibouti on 27 June 1977.

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 *Trade (2004 est.): Imports--$987 million: consists of basic commodities, including food and beverages, pharmaceutical drugs, transport equipment, chemicals, and petroleum products. Exports--$250 million: re-exports, hides and skins, and coffee (in-transit). Major markets (2004)--France, Ethiopia, Somalia, India, China, and Saudi Arabia and other Arabian peninsula countries.
-Djibouti's most important economic asset is its strategic location on the busy shipping route between the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean. Roughly 60% of all commercial ships in the world use its waters from the Red Sea through the Bab-el-Mandeb strait and into the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean. Its old port is an increasingly important transshipment point for containers as well as a destination port for Ethiopian trade. Last year alone, private investment in the old port totaled approximately $50 million. Djibouti is now in the second of three phases of a multi-year, $800 million, privately-financed project to build a new port with fueling, container, and free zone components. The old port will continue serving as a general shipping, bulk cargo, and break-bulk facility and also as the host of a small French naval facility.
+Djibouti's most important economic asset is its strategic location on the busy shipping route between the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean. Roughly 60% of all commercial ships in the world use its waters from the Red Sea through the Bab-el-Mandeb strait and into the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean. Its old port is an increasingly important transshipment point for containers as well as a destination port for Ethiopian trade. Last year alone, private investment in the old port totaled approximately $50 million. Djibouti is now in the second of three phases of a multi-year, $800 million, privately financed project to build a new port with fueling, container, and free zone components. The old port will continue serving as a general shipping, bulk cargo, and break-bulk facility and also as the host of a small French naval facility.
 Business soared at the Port of Djibouti when hostilities between Eritrea and Ethiopia denied Ethiopia access to the Eritrean Port of Assab. Djibouti became the only significant port for landlocked Ethiopia, handling all its imports and exports, including huge shipments of U.S. food aid in 2000 during the drought and famine. In 2000, Dubai Ports World took over management of Djibouti's port and later its customs and airport operations. The result has been a significant increase in investment, efficiency, activity, and port revenues. The Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad is the only line serving central and southeastern Ethiopia. The single-track railway—a prime source of employment—occupies a prominent place in Ethiopia's internal distribution system for domestic commodities such as cement, cotton textiles, sugar, cereals, and charcoal. A weekly train from Ethiopia brings in most of Djibouti's fresh fruits and vegetables. In March 2006, the Governments of Ethiopia and Djibouti (which co-own the railway) selected the South African firm COMAZAR to manage the line. They are still in negotiations over the management agreement. In addition, the European Union is considering a $100 million project to upgrade a portion of the rail line.

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 |tld            =
 }}
-The '''Republic of Djibouti''' is a nation of north-east Africa, bounded by [[Eritrea]], [[Ethiopia]] and the breakaway [[Somaliland]] region of [[Somalia]]; it faces on to the Gulf of Aden, an arm of the [[Indian Ocean]], at the entance to the [[Red Sea]]. The area of Djibouti is 8,958 square miles (22,980 sq km) and it has a population of 496,000 (2007 est). The capital city is also called Djibouti.
+The '''Republic of Djibouti''' is a nation of north-east Africa, bounded by [[Eritrea]], [[Ethiopia]] and the breakaway [[Somaliland]] region of [[Somalia]]; it faces on to the Gulf of Aden, an arm of the [[Indian Ocean]], at the entance to the [[Red Sea]]. The area of Djibouti is 8,958 square miles (22,980 km<sup>2</sup>) and it has a population of 496,000 (2007 est). The capital city is also called Djibouti.
 Djibouti was formerly known as French Somaliland and as the French Territory of the Afars and Isars; it gained independence as the Republic of Djibouti on 27 June 1977.
 ==Geography==
-*Area: 21,883 sq. km. (8,450 sq. mi.); about the size of Massachusetts.
+*Area: 21,883 km<sup>2</sup>. (8,450 sq. mi.); about the size of Massachusetts.
 *Cities: Capital—Djibouti. Other cities—Dikhil, Arta, Ali-Sabieh, Obock, Tadjoura.
 *Terrain: Coastal desert.
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 Djibouti has its own armed forces, including a small army, which grew significantly with the start of the civil war in 1991. With the 2001 final peace accord between the government and the Afar-dominated FRUD, the armed forces have been downsized. The country's security is supplemented by a formal security accord with the Government of France, which guarantees Djibouti's territorial integrity against foreign incursions. France maintains one of its largest military bases outside France in Djibouti. There are some 3,000 French troops stationed in Djibouti, including units of the famed French Foreign Legion.
-The right to own property is respected in Djibouti. The government has reorganized the labor unions. While there have been open elections of union leaders in the past, some labor leaders allege interference in their internal elections. Others voice opposition to newly-implemented labor laws that apply to new jobs created in free zones and that are less favorable to labor.
+The right to own property is respected in Djibouti. The government has reorganized the labor unions. While there have been open elections of union leaders in the past, some labor leaders allege interference in their internal elections. Others voice opposition to newly implemented labor laws that apply to new jobs created in free zones and that are less favorable to labor.
 In 2002, following a broad national debate, Djibouti enacted a new "Family Law" enhancing the protection of women and children, unifying legal treatment of all women, and replacing Sharia. The government established a minister-designate for women's affairs and is engaged in an ongoing effort to increase public recognition of women's rights and to ensure enforcement. In 2007, it began establishing a network of new counseling offices to assist women seeking to understand and protect their rights. Women in Djibouti enjoy a higher public status than in many other Islamic countries. The government is leading efforts to stop illegal and abusive traditional practices, including female genital mutilation. As the result of a three-year effort, the percentage of girls attending primary school increased significantly and is now more than 50%. However, women's rights and family planning continue to face difficult challenges, many stemming from acute poverty in both rural and urban areas. With female ministers and members of parliament, the presence of women in government has increased. Despite the gains, education of girls still lags behind boys, and employment opportunities are better for male applicants.

Djibouti - Revision history

RobSmith: /* Belt and Road Initiative */

RobSmith: /* References */

RobSmith: /* History */

RobSmith: /* Belt and Road Initiative */

RobSmith: /* Belt and Road Iniaitive */

RobSmith: /* Belt and Road Iniaitive */

RobSmith: /* Foreign Relations */

United States at 20:58, November 29, 2020

DavidB4-bot: /* Economy */Spelling, Grammar, and General Cleanup, typos fixed: privately- → privately

DavidB4-bot: Spelling/Grammar Check, typos fixed: newly- → newly , sq km → km2 (2)

DavidB4-bot: Spelling/Grammar Check, typos fixed: newly- → newly , sq km → km² (2)