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	<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Fee-shifting</id>
	<title>Fee-shifting - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Fee-shifting"/>
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	<updated>2026-10-06T22:59:12Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Fee-shifting&amp;diff=1481048&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Quidam65 at 02:49, January 7, 2019</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Fee-shifting&amp;diff=1481048&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2019-01-07T02:49:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 02:49, January 7, 2019&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot; &gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Fee-shifting''' is a method of payment for [[lawyer|legal services]] under which the victorious [[plaintiff]] recovers reasonable attorney's fees from the defeated [[defendant]].  The model in [[Europe]], American jurisdictions have only adopted fee-shifting in civil rights cases.  In these cases, the civil rights plaintiff takes fees from the defendant, as a way of encouraging lawyers to take on civil rights cases from otherwise [[indigent]] defendants - the theory is that, (1) civil rights are important enough that the infringer should pay for the infringed party's non-pecuniary loss, and (2) the state should encourage civil rights litigation, and recovery of lost rights, by ensuring recovery enough to entice an attorney.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Fee-shifting''' is a method of payment for [[lawyer|legal services]] under which the victorious [[plaintiff]] recovers reasonable attorney's fees from the defeated [[defendant]].  The model in [[Europe]], American jurisdictions have only adopted fee-shifting in &lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;limited cases, such as &lt;/ins&gt;civil rights cases.  In these cases, the civil rights plaintiff takes fees from the defendant, as a way of encouraging lawyers to take on civil rights cases from otherwise [[indigent]] defendants - the theory is that, (1) civil rights are important enough that the infringer should pay for the infringed party's non-pecuniary loss, and (2) the state should encourage civil rights litigation, and recovery of lost rights, by ensuring recovery enough to entice an attorney.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;For example, under 42 USC 1988, a plaintiff may recover fees for a lawsuit which was filed pursuant to 42 USC 1983, the main statutory vehicle for a civil rights lawsuit alleging violation under color of state &lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;law.  Under this fee-shifter, organizations like the [[ACLU]] routinely recover ordinary attorney's fees.  Nothing is exceptional about this; it's just statutory &lt;/del&gt;law.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;For example, under 42 USC 1988, a plaintiff may recover fees for a lawsuit which was filed pursuant to 42 USC 1983, the main statutory vehicle for a civil rights lawsuit alleging violation under color of state law.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Law]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[Category:Law]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Quidam65</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Fee-shifting&amp;diff=1230413&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>DavidB4-bot: /* top */clean up</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Fee-shifting&amp;diff=1230413&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2016-06-23T20:35:13Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;auto&quot;&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;top: &lt;/span&gt;clean up&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;diff diff-contentalign-left diff-editfont-monospace&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 20:35, June 23, 2016&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l3&quot; &gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;For example, under 42 USC 1988, a plaintiff may recover fees for a lawsuit which was filed pursuant to 42 USC 1983, the main statutory vehicle for a civil rights lawsuit alleging violation under color of state law.  Under this fee-shifter, organizations like the [[ACLU]] routinely recover ordinary attorney's fees.  Nothing is exceptional about this; it's just statutory law.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;For example, under 42 USC 1988, a plaintiff may recover fees for a lawsuit which was filed pursuant to 42 USC 1983, the main statutory vehicle for a civil rights lawsuit alleging violation under color of state law.  Under this fee-shifter, organizations like the [[ACLU]] routinely recover ordinary attorney's fees.  Nothing is exceptional about this; it's just statutory law.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;−&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;category&lt;/del&gt;:&lt;del class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;law&lt;/del&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class='diff-marker'&gt;+&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;[[&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;Category&lt;/ins&gt;:&lt;ins class=&quot;diffchange diffchange-inline&quot;&gt;Law&lt;/ins&gt;]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>DavidB4-bot</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Fee-shifting&amp;diff=418222&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>DParker: New page: '''Fee-shifting''' is a method of payment for legal services under which the victorious plaintiff recovers reasonable attorney's fees from the defeated defendant.  The m...</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://www.conservapedia.com/index.php?title=Fee-shifting&amp;diff=418222&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2008-04-01T04:42:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;New page: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Fee-shifting&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; is a method of payment for &lt;a href=&quot;/Lawyer&quot; title=&quot;Lawyer&quot;&gt;legal services&lt;/a&gt; under which the victorious &lt;a href=&quot;/Plaintiff&quot; title=&quot;Plaintiff&quot;&gt;plaintiff&lt;/a&gt; recovers reasonable attorney&amp;#039;s fees from the defeated &lt;a href=&quot;/Defendant&quot; title=&quot;Defendant&quot;&gt;defendant&lt;/a&gt;.  The m...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;'''Fee-shifting''' is a method of payment for [[lawyer|legal services]] under which the victorious [[plaintiff]] recovers reasonable attorney's fees from the defeated [[defendant]].  The model in [[Europe]], American jurisdictions have only adopted fee-shifting in civil rights cases.  In these cases, the civil rights plaintiff takes fees from the defendant, as a way of encouraging lawyers to take on civil rights cases from otherwise [[indigent]] defendants - the theory is that, (1) civil rights are important enough that the infringer should pay for the infringed party's non-pecuniary loss, and (2) the state should encourage civil rights litigation, and recovery of lost rights, by ensuring recovery enough to entice an attorney.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For example, under 42 USC 1988, a plaintiff may recover fees for a lawsuit which was filed pursuant to 42 USC 1983, the main statutory vehicle for a civil rights lawsuit alleging violation under color of state law.  Under this fee-shifter, organizations like the [[ACLU]] routinely recover ordinary attorney's fees.  Nothing is exceptional about this; it's just statutory law.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[category:law]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>DParker</name></author>
	</entry>
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