Offshoring - Revision history

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TheAmericanRedoubt at 11:35, February 21, 2015

2015-02-21T11:35:43Z

Toadaron: Economics

2011-03-04T05:26:40Z

Economics

AlexWD at 19:15, January 2, 2010

2010-01-02T19:15:02Z

AJCG at 13:57, October 23, 2007

2007-10-23T13:57:24Z

@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 == Economics ==
-The main reasons for offshoring are minimizing costs<ref>Wadhwa, Vivek; Gereffi, Gary; Rissing, Ben and Ong, Ryan. "Where the Engineers Are." Issues in Science and Technology, Spring 2007. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1015843</ref> and maximizing revenue (by increasing productivity<ref>"Outsourcing Innovation." March 21, 2005. Bloomberg Businessweek. http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_12/b3925601.htm</ref>), both of which are consistent with the behavior of a competitive firm in a [[free market]]. A more specific reason for offshoring may be the relatively high corporate taxes in the U.S. compared to other developed nations.<ref>Tamny, John. "Hillary Clinton's Backwards 'Progressive Vision'." June 8, 2007. National Review Online. http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/221224/hillary-clintons-backwards-progressive-vision/john-tamny</ref><ref>Atkins, Chris and Hodge, Scott A. "U.S. Lagging Behind OECD Corporate Tax Trends." May 5, 2006. The Tax Foundation. http://www.taxfoundation.org/news/show/1466.html</ref> Also, some think offshoring is being used as a way to break up unions.<ref>"Outsourcing and the Unions." August 6, 2007. http://www.globalenvision.org/library/3/1712</ref>
+The main reasons for offshoring are minimizing costs<ref>Wadhwa, Vivek; Gereffi, Gary; Rissing, Ben and Ong, Ryan. "Where the Engineers Are." Issues in Science and Technology, Spring 2007. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1015843</ref> and maximizing revenue (by increasing productivity<ref>"Outsourcing Innovation." March 21, 2005. Bloomberg Businessweek. http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_12/b3925601.htm</ref>), both of which are consistent with the behavior of a competitive firm in a [[free market]]. A more specific reason for offshoring may be the relatively high corporate taxes in the U.S. compared to other developed nations.<ref>Tamny, John. "Hillary Clinton's Backwards 'Progressive Vision'." June 8, 2007. National Review Online. https://www.nationalreview.com/articles/221224/hillary-clintons-backwards-progressive-vision/john-tamny</ref><ref>Atkins, Chris and Hodge, Scott A. "U.S. Lagging Behind OECD Corporate Tax Trends." May 5, 2006. The Tax Foundation. http://www.taxfoundation.org/news/show/1466.html</ref> Also, some think offshoring is being used as a way to break up unions.<ref>"Outsourcing and the Unions." August 6, 2007. http://www.globalenvision.org/library/3/1712</ref>
 Although some have observed that offshored/outsourced workers are not always as productive as the workers they replace,<ref>Preston, Julia. "U.S. Farmers Go Where Workers Are: Mexico." September 4, 2007. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/04/world/americas/04iht-export.4.7380436.html</ref> if this is the case, the reduction in labor costs must outweigh the loss of [[productivity]], otherwise a [[capitalist]]ic firm would not take this action. Reducing costs by offshoring jobs increases firms' [[profits]], and this increases economic growth according to the [[trickle down theory]], for the same reason tax cuts do. On the other hand, offshoring causes economic hardships for the workers whose jobs are displaced, especially minimally skilled labor jobs.<ref>"How Outsourcing Affects the U.S. Economy." http://www.dirjournal.com/business-journal/how-outsourcing-affects-the-us-economy/</ref> It is debatable whether or not these negative effects outweigh the positive economic effects. In cases where the net economic benefit is positive, it can be thought of as [[creative destruction]], which is a necessary occurrence as [[technology]] advances in a free market economy. Indeed, it is technology (communication, transportation, etc.) that often makes it possible for offshoring to occur.

@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
 The main reasons for offshoring are minimizing costs<ref>Wadhwa, Vivek; Gereffi, Gary; Rissing, Ben and Ong, Ryan. "Where the Engineers Are." Issues in Science and Technology, Spring 2007. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1015843</ref> and maximizing revenue (by increasing productivity<ref>"Outsourcing Innovation." March 21, 2005. Bloomberg Businessweek. http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_12/b3925601.htm</ref>), both of which are consistent with the behavior of a competitive firm in a [[free market]]. A more specific reason for offshoring may be the relatively high corporate taxes in the U.S. compared to other developed nations.<ref>Tamny, John. "Hillary Clinton's Backwards 'Progressive Vision'." June 8, 2007. National Review Online. http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/221224/hillary-clintons-backwards-progressive-vision/john-tamny</ref><ref>Atkins, Chris and Hodge, Scott A. "U.S. Lagging Behind OECD Corporate Tax Trends." May 5, 2006. The Tax Foundation. http://www.taxfoundation.org/news/show/1466.html</ref> Also, some think offshoring is being used as a way to break up unions.<ref>"Outsourcing and the Unions." August 6, 2007. http://www.globalenvision.org/library/3/1712</ref>
-Although some have observed that offshored/outsourced workers are not always as productive as the workers they replace,<ref>Preston, Julia. "U.S. Farmers Go Where Workers Are: Mexico." September 4, 2007. The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/04/world/americas/04iht-export.4.7380436.html</ref> if this is the case, the reduction in labor costs must outweigh the loss of [[productivity]], otherwise a [[capitalist]]ic firm would not take this action. Reducing costs by offshoring jobs increases firms' [[profits]], and this increases economic growth according to the [[trickle down theory]], for the same reason tax cuts do. On the other hand, offshoring causes economic hardships for the workers whose jobs are displaced, especially minimally skilled labor jobs.<ref>"How Outsourcing Affects the U.S. Economy." http://www.dirjournal.com/business-journal/how-outsourcing-affects-the-us-economy/</ref> It is debatable whether or not these negative effects outweigh the positive economic effects. In cases where the net economic benefit is positive, it can be thought of as [[creative destruction]], which is a necessary occurrence as [[technology]] advances in a free market economy. Indeed, it is technology (communication, transportation, etc.) that often makes it possible for offshoring to occur.
+Although some have observed that offshored/outsourced workers are not always as productive as the workers they replace,<ref>Preston, Julia. "U.S. Farmers Go Where Workers Are: Mexico." September 4, 2007. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/04/world/americas/04iht-export.4.7380436.html</ref> if this is the case, the reduction in labor costs must outweigh the loss of [[productivity]], otherwise a [[capitalist]]ic firm would not take this action. Reducing costs by offshoring jobs increases firms' [[profits]], and this increases economic growth according to the [[trickle down theory]], for the same reason tax cuts do. On the other hand, offshoring causes economic hardships for the workers whose jobs are displaced, especially minimally skilled labor jobs.<ref>"How Outsourcing Affects the U.S. Economy." http://www.dirjournal.com/business-journal/how-outsourcing-affects-the-us-economy/</ref> It is debatable whether or not these negative effects outweigh the positive economic effects. In cases where the net economic benefit is positive, it can be thought of as [[creative destruction]], which is a necessary occurrence as [[technology]] advances in a free market economy. Indeed, it is technology (communication, transportation, etc.) that often makes it possible for offshoring to occur.
 == External links ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:10, November 19, 2016
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−	'''Offshoring''' is the movement of jobs by businesses to foreign countries where labor rates are cheaper and there are fewer regulations. ~~This~~ is ~~also known as "~~outsourcing." Many manufacturing jobs move from the United States to foreign countries in this manner.	+	'''Offshoring''' is the movement of jobs by businesses to foreign countries where labor rates are cheaper and there are fewer regulations. Often times, this is done through an [[outsourcing]] company like Foxconn, though sometimes open up their own in-house plants offshore. Many manufacturing jobs move from the United States to foreign countries in this manner.

	== Possible effects of offshoring ==		== Possible effects of offshoring ==

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 Pennsylvania lost 200,000 manufacturing jobs between July 2000 and March 2007.<ref>http://www.centralpennbusiness.com/weekly_article.asp?aID=89156647.9077722.779558.2548748.4307912.688&aID2=59957</ref>
-Wisconsin lost 8,600 manufacturing jobs in the last year (Feb. 2006 to Feb. 2007).<ref>http://www.wisbusiness.com/index.iml?Article=91717</ref>
+Wisconsin lost 8,600 manufacturing jobs between Feb. 2006 and Feb. 2007.<ref>http://www.wisbusiness.com/index.iml?Article=91717</ref>
 All three states punished Republican candidates in the November 2006 elections.

@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 == Economics ==
-The main reasons for offshoring are minimizing costs<ref>Wadhwa, Vivek; Gereffi, Gary; Rissing, Ben and Ong, Ryan. "Where the Engineers Are." Issues in Science and Technology, Spring 2007. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1015843</ref> and maximizing revenue (by increasing productivity<ref>"Outsourcing Innovation." March 21, 2005. Bloomberg Businessweek. http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_12/b3925601.htm</ref>), both of which are consistent with the behavior of a competitive firm in a [[free market]]. A more specific reason for offshoring may be the relatively high corporate taxes in the U.S. compared to other developed nations<ref>Tamny, John. "Hillary Clinton's Backwards 'Progressive Vision'." June 8, 2007. National Review Online. http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/221224/hillary-clintons-backwards-progressive-vision/john-tamny</ref><ref>Atkins, Chris and Hodge, Scott A. "U.S. Lagging Behind OECD Corporate Tax Trends." May 5, 2006. The Tax Foundation. http://www.taxfoundation.org/news/show/1466.html</ref>. Also, some think offshoring is being used as a way to break up unions<ref>"Outsourcing and the Unions." August 6, 2007. http://www.globalenvision.org/library/3/1712</ref>.
+The main reasons for offshoring are minimizing costs<ref>Wadhwa, Vivek; Gereffi, Gary; Rissing, Ben and Ong, Ryan. "Where the Engineers Are." Issues in Science and Technology, Spring 2007. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1015843</ref> and maximizing revenue (by increasing productivity<ref>"Outsourcing Innovation." March 21, 2005. Bloomberg Businessweek. http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_12/b3925601.htm</ref>), both of which are consistent with the behavior of a competitive firm in a [[free market]]. A more specific reason for offshoring may be the relatively high corporate taxes in the U.S. compared to other developed nations.<ref>Tamny, John. "Hillary Clinton's Backwards 'Progressive Vision'." June 8, 2007. National Review Online. http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/221224/hillary-clintons-backwards-progressive-vision/john-tamny</ref><ref>Atkins, Chris and Hodge, Scott A. "U.S. Lagging Behind OECD Corporate Tax Trends." May 5, 2006. The Tax Foundation. http://www.taxfoundation.org/news/show/1466.html</ref> Also, some think offshoring is being used as a way to break up unions.<ref>"Outsourcing and the Unions." August 6, 2007. http://www.globalenvision.org/library/3/1712</ref>
-Although some have observed that offshored/outsourced workers are not always as productive as the workers they replace<ref>Preston, Julia. "U.S. Farmers Go Where Workers Are: Mexico." September 4, 2007. The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/04/world/americas/04iht-export.4.7380436.html</ref>, if this is the case, the reduction in labor costs must outweigh the loss of [[productivity]], otherwise a [[capitalist]]ic firm would not take this action. Reducing costs by offshoring jobs increases firms' [[profits]], and this increases economic growth according to the [[trickle down theory]], for the same reason tax cuts do. On the other hand, offshoring causes economic hardships for the workers whose jobs are displaced, especially minimally skilled labor jobs<ref>"How Outsourcing Affects the U.S. Economy." http://www.dirjournal.com/business-journal/how-outsourcing-affects-the-us-economy/</ref>. It is debatable whether or not these negative effects outweigh the positive economic effects. In cases where the net economic benefit is positive, it can be thought of as [[creative destruction]], which is a necessary occurrence as [[technology]] advances in a free market economy. Indeed, it is technology (communication, transportation, etc.) that often makes it possible for offshoring to occur.
+Although some have observed that offshored/outsourced workers are not always as productive as the workers they replace,<ref>Preston, Julia. "U.S. Farmers Go Where Workers Are: Mexico." September 4, 2007. The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/04/world/americas/04iht-export.4.7380436.html</ref> if this is the case, the reduction in labor costs must outweigh the loss of [[productivity]], otherwise a [[capitalist]]ic firm would not take this action. Reducing costs by offshoring jobs increases firms' [[profits]], and this increases economic growth according to the [[trickle down theory]], for the same reason tax cuts do. On the other hand, offshoring causes economic hardships for the workers whose jobs are displaced, especially minimally skilled labor jobs.<ref>"How Outsourcing Affects the U.S. Economy." http://www.dirjournal.com/business-journal/how-outsourcing-affects-the-us-economy/</ref> It is debatable whether or not these negative effects outweigh the positive economic effects. In cases where the net economic benefit is positive, it can be thought of as [[creative destruction]], which is a necessary occurrence as [[technology]] advances in a free market economy. Indeed, it is technology (communication, transportation, etc.) that often makes it possible for offshoring to occur.
-== External Links ==
+== External links ==
-[http://www.bcs.org/server.php?show=ConWebDoc.3960 BCS Site on Off shoring opportunities]
+* [http://www.bcs.org/server.php?show=ConWebDoc.3960 BCS Site on Off shoring opportunities]
+* [http://www.offshoringtimes.com/Pages/2006/offshore_news504.html Pro Off-shoring site read with reservations]
-[http://www.offshoringtimes.com/Pages/2006/offshore_news504.html Pro Off-shoring site read with reservations]
+* [http://www.outsourcemagazine.co.uk/index.php?page=news-analysis Analysis of a trend of reversing off shoring]
-−
 [http://www.outsourcemagazine.co.uk/index.php?page=news-analysis Analysis of a trend of reversing off shoring]
 == References ==
@@ Line 36: / Line 34: @@
 <references/>
-[[category:employment]]
+[[Category:Employment]]

@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 Although some have observed that offshored/outsourced workers are not always as productive as the workers they replace<ref>Preston, Julia. "U.S. Farmers Go Where Workers Are: Mexico." September 4, 2007. The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/04/world/americas/04iht-export.4.7380436.html</ref>, if this is the case, the reduction in labor costs must outweigh the loss of [[productivity]], otherwise a [[capitalist]]ic firm would not take this action. Reducing costs by offshoring jobs increases firms' [[profits]], and this increases economic growth according to the [[trickle down theory]], for the same reason tax cuts do. On the other hand, offshoring causes economic hardships for the workers whose jobs are displaced, especially minimally skilled labor jobs<ref>"How Outsourcing Affects the U.S. Economy." http://www.dirjournal.com/business-journal/how-outsourcing-affects-the-us-economy/</ref>. It is debatable whether or not these negative effects outweigh the positive economic effects. In cases where the net economic benefit is positive, it can be thought of as [[creative destruction]], which is a necessary occurrence as [[technology]] advances in a free market economy. Indeed, it is technology (communication, transportation, etc.) that often makes it possible for offshoring to occur.
 == External Links ==
@@ Line 40: / Line 36: @@
 <references/>
-{{Template:Economic preparedness topics}}
+[[category:employment]]
-−
-[[Category : Economic Preparedness]]
-−
-[[Category : Employment]]
-[[Category : Threats]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:26, March 4, 2011
Line 17:		Line 17:

	It is important to note that there has been a strong backlash to this offshoring within the UK. Some British companies, including National Westminster Bank, RBS, the insurance firm Norwich Union, Aviva (repatriating 150 out of 7000 jobs) and Powergen have reversed their decision to outsource labor.		It is important to note that there has been a strong backlash to this offshoring within the UK. Some British companies, including National Westminster Bank, RBS, the insurance firm Norwich Union, Aviva (repatriating 150 out of 7000 jobs) and Powergen have reversed their decision to outsource labor.
		+
		+	== Economics ==
		+
		+	The main reasons for offshoring are minimizing costs<ref>Wadhwa, Vivek; Gereffi, Gary; Rissing, Ben and Ong, Ryan. "Where the Engineers Are." Issues in Science and Technology, Spring 2007. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1015843</ref> and maximizing revenue (by increasing productivity<ref>"Outsourcing Innovation." March 21, 2005. Bloomberg Businessweek. http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_12/b3925601.htm</ref>), both of which are consistent with the behavior of a competitive firm in a [[free market]]. A more specific reason for offshoring may be the relatively high corporate taxes in the U.S. compared to other developed nations<ref>Tamny, John. "Hillary Clinton's Backwards 'Progressive Vision'." June 8, 2007. National Review Online. http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/221224/hillary-clintons-backwards-progressive-vision/john-tamny</ref><ref>Atkins, Chris and Hodge, Scott A. "U.S. Lagging Behind OECD Corporate Tax Trends." May 5, 2006. The Tax Foundation. http://www.taxfoundation.org/news/show/1466.html</ref>. Also, some think offshoring is being used as a way to break up unions<ref>"Outsourcing and the Unions." August 6, 2007. http://www.globalenvision.org/library/3/1712</ref>.
		+
		+	Although some have observed that offshored/outsourced workers are not always as productive as the workers they replace<ref>Preston, Julia. "U.S. Farmers Go Where Workers Are: Mexico." September 4, 2007. The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/04/world/americas/04iht-export.4.7380436.html</ref>, if this is the case, the reduction in labor costs must outweigh the loss of [[productivity]], otherwise a [[capitalist]]ic firm would not take this action. Reducing costs by offshoring jobs increases firms' [[profits]], and this increases economic growth according to the [[trickle down theory]], for the same reason tax cuts do. On the other hand, offshoring causes economic hardships for the workers whose jobs are displaced, especially minimally skilled labor jobs<ref>"How Outsourcing Affects the U.S. Economy." http://www.dirjournal.com/business-journal/how-outsourcing-affects-the-us-economy/</ref>. It is debatable whether or not these negative effects outweigh the positive economic effects. In cases where the net economic benefit is positive, it can be thought of as [[creative destruction]], which is a necessary occurrence as [[technology]] advances in a free market economy. Indeed, it is technology (communication, transportation, etc.) that often makes it possible for offshoring to occur.
		+
		+	== External Links ==

	[http://www.bcs.org/server.php?show=ConWebDoc.3960 BCS Site on Off shoring opportunities]		[http://www.bcs.org/server.php?show=ConWebDoc.3960 BCS Site on Off shoring opportunities]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Offshoring is the movement of jobs by businesses offshore to foreign countries where labor rates are cheaper and there are fewer regulations.  This is also known as "outsourcing" when the destination is offshore.  Many manufacturing jobs move from the United States to foreign countries in this manner.
+'''Offshoring''' is the movement of jobs by businesses to foreign countries where labor rates are cheaper and there are fewer regulations.  This is also known as "outsourcing."  Many manufacturing jobs move from the United States to foreign countries in this manner.
 == Possible effects of offshoring ==
-Key battleground states for the [[2008 Presidential Election]] include Ohio, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin.
+Key battleground states for the [[2008 Presidential Election]] included Ohio, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin.
 Ohio lost 31,800 jobs in goods-producing industries between January 2006 and January 2007, including a loss of 21,900 jobs in manufacturing.<ref>http://jfs.ohio.gov/releases/unemp/200702/UnempPressRelease.asp</ref>
@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
 All three states punished Republican candidates in the November 2006 elections.
-== Experinces of Europe ==
+== Experiences of Europe ==
-Thanks to a large number of off shoring projects Europe has experienced a change in its entire economy, manufacturing has been largely moved to Asia but this has steadily been replaced by what is called "The knowledge based economy". Anti-Off shoring groups have hailed this as a catastrophe.  Though this has not been borne out by Employment figures or GDP calculations.
+Thanks to a large number of offshoring projects Europe has experienced a change in its entire economy: manufacturing has been largely moved to Asia, but this has steadily been replaced by what is called "the knowledge-based economy". Anti-offshoring groups have hailed this as a catastrophe, but this has not been borne out by unemployment figures or GDP calculations.
-It is important to note that there has been a strong backlash to this off shoring within the UK and some companies (National Westminster Bank (RBS), insurance firm Norwich Union, Aviva (Returning 150 out of 7000 jobs) and Powergen) reversing the decision within the UK.
+It is important to note that there has been a strong backlash to this offshoring within the UK. Some British companies, including  National Westminster Bank, RBS, the insurance firm Norwich Union, Aviva (repatriating 150 out of 7000 jobs) and Powergen have reversed their decision to outsource labor.
 [http://www.bcs.org/server.php?show=ConWebDoc.3960 BCS Site on Off shoring opportunities]

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:57, October 23, 2007
Line 11:		Line 11:

	All three states punished Republican candidates in the November 2006 elections.		All three states punished Republican candidates in the November 2006 elections.
		+
		+	== Experinces of Europe ==
		+
		+	Thanks to a large number of off shoring projects Europe has experienced a change in its entire economy, manufacturing has been largely moved to Asia but this has steadily been replaced by what is called "The knowledge based economy". Anti-Off shoring groups have hailed this as a catastrophe. Though this has not been borne out by Employment figures or GDP calculations.
		+
		+	It is important to note that there has been a strong backlash to this off shoring within the UK and some companies (National Westminster Bank (RBS), insurance firm Norwich Union, Aviva (Returning 150 out of 7000 jobs) and Powergen) reversing the decision within the UK.
		+
		+	[http://www.bcs.org/server.php?show=ConWebDoc.3960 BCS Site on Off shoring opportunities]
		+
		+	[http://www.offshoringtimes.com/Pages/2006/offshore_news504.html Pro Off-shoring site read with reservations]
		+
		+	[http://www.outsourcemagazine.co.uk/index.php?page=news-analysis Analysis of a trend of reversing off shoring]

	== References ==		== References ==