Samizdat - Revision history

RobSmith at 20:40, July 20, 2024

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RobSmith at 21:06, September 21, 2019

2019-09-21T21:06:03Z

RobSmith at 21:03, September 21, 2019

2019-09-21T21:03:00Z

RobSmith at 20:57, September 21, 2019

2019-09-21T20:57:55Z

RobSmith at 20:57, September 21, 2019

2019-09-21T20:57:32Z

1990'sguy at 22:53, August 19, 2019

2019-08-19T22:53:09Z

RobSteff at 20:21, August 19, 2019

2019-08-19T20:21:56Z

RobSteff at 20:07, August 19, 2019

2019-08-19T20:07:56Z

RobSteff: Created page with "'''''Samizdat''''' (Russian: самиздат) is a term that originated in the 1950s Soviet Union (USSR) to describe: * an act of secretly writting,..."

2019-08-19T19:45:38Z

Created page with "'''''Samizdat''''' (Russian: самиздат) is a term that originated in the 1950s Soviet Union (USSR) to describe: * an act of secretly writting,..."

New page

'''''Samizdat''''' ([[Russian language|Russian]]: самиздат) is a term that originated in the 1950s [[Soviet Union]] (USSR) to describe:
* an act of secretly writting, reproducing and disseminating underground literature which was usually prohibited by the communist regime, i.e. "self-publishing", in other words, publishing outside the auspices of the state-controlled publishing houses,<ref name=Smorodinskaya>[https://books.google.sk/books?id=tZHCAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA543 samizdat]. In: Smorodinskaya, Tatiana; Evans-Romaine, Karen; Goscilo, Helena (Eds.). ''Encyclopedia of contemporary Russian culture''. 1st ed. Oxon; New York, NY : Routledge, 2007. ISBN 978-0-415-32094-8, p. 543 (online version retrieved 2019-08-19)</ref>
* a literature of such sort, i.e. "self-published" literature.

Etymologically, the term is a shortened version of a Russian word самоиздательство ''samoizdatel'stvo'' (literally "self-publishing house", thus meaning "self-publishing").<ref name=Kralik>samizdat. In: Králik, Ľubor. ''Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny'' [Concise Etymological Dictionary of Slovak Language]. 1st ed. Bratislava : VEDA, vydavateľstvo Slovenskej akadémie vied [SCIENCE, Publishing House of the Slovak Academy of Science], 2015. ISBN 978-80-224-1493-7, p. 520.</ref> It mimics the names of Soviet publishing houses such as Politizdat<ref>The full name: Издательство политической литературы Центрального комитета Коммунистической партии Советского Союза ''Izdatel'stvo politícheskoj literatury Central'nogo komiteta Kommunisticheskoj partii Sovetskogo Sojuza'' ("Political Literature Publishing House of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union" or literally "Publishing House of Political Literature...")</ref>. In 1970s,<ref name=Kralik/> the use of term was wide-spread in the USSR as well as among members of dissident movement in many Eastern Bloc countries. Other similar terms include ''magnitizdat'' (reel-to-reel audiotape copies)<ref name=Smorodinskaya/> and ''tamizdat'' (literally "published over there", i.e. smuggled out, printed in the West, and smuggled back).<ref name=Downing>[https://books.google.sk/books?id=WcF1AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA451 samizdat underground media (Soviet bloc)]. In: Downing, John D. H. (Eds.) ''Encyclopedia of social movement media''. Thousand Oaks, CA; London; New Delhi; Singapore : SAGE Publications, 2011. ISBN 978-0-7619-2688-7, p. 451 (online version retrieved 2019-08-19)</ref>

Samizdat literature included works critical of practices of the communist government,<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/technology/samizdat Samizdat] [online]. In ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. [s. l.] : Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 2014-12-31 (retrieved 2019-08-19)</ref> works written on state-banned topics (e.g. prison camps),<ref name=Downing/> as well as previously legally published works that were no longer available in bookstores.<ref name=Smorodinskaya/> The majority of samizdat works were politically focused, consisting mostly of personal statements, information on arrests and trials, protests, and appeals.<ref>Joo, Hyung-min. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4147387 Voices of Freedom: Samizdat]. In: ''Europe-Asia Studies''. ISSN 0966-8136, June 2004, Vol. 56, No. 4, pp. 572-574 (online version retrieved 2019-08-19)</ref>

A substantial proportion of samizdat circulating in the USSR, [[Poland]], and [[Czechoslovakia]] was of a religious nature. As John Anderson, a professor of international relations at the University of St Andrews, points out:
:"In the Soviet Union dissenting Baptists led the way with detailed accounts of religious trials and appeals for religious freedom. From the early 1960s onwards ''samizdat'' materials from such groups kept a records of their situation as Khruschev's anti-religious campaign led to the imprisonment of many who refused to ally with the officially recognised Baptist establishment. In subsequent years this records became increasingly detailed, with long verbatim records of trials, conversations with officials, accounts of the fate of young children taken from their parents, details of prison terms and details on several believers killed by the authorities. All this set an example to other religious groups, as a small number of Orthodox priests and activists entered the ''samizdat'' arena in the late 1960s, closely followed by the Catholics of Lithuania."<ref>Anderson, John. ''[https://books.google.sk/books?id=d9GuCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT65 Christianity and democratisation : From pious subjects to critical participants]''. Manchester; New York, NY : Manchester University Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0-7190-7738-8, chpt. 3 ("The Catholic 'third wave': undermining authoritarianism") (online version retrieved 2019-08-19)</ref>

Samizdat underground media were instrumental in accelerating the collapse of the communist regimes in the Eastern bloc.<ref name=Downing/>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://www.vons.cz/documents Anthology of Czech samizdat periodicals]

[[Category:History]]

@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 * [https://www.vons.cz/documents Anthology of Czech samizdat periodicals]
-[[Category:History]]
+[[Category:Russian History]]
 [[Category:Soviet Union]]
 [[Category:Anti-Communism]]

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 :"In the Soviet Union dissenting [[Baptist|Baptists]] led the way with detailed accounts of religious trials and appeals for religious freedom. From the early 1960s onwards ''samizdat'' materials from such groups kept a records of their situation as [[Nikita Khrushchev|Khruschev's]] anti-religious campaign led to the imprisonment of many who refused to ally with the officially recognised Baptist establishment. In subsequent years this records became increasingly detailed, with long verbatim records of trials, conversations with officials, accounts of the fate of young children taken from their parents, details of prison terms and details on several believers killed by the authorities. All this set an example to other religious groups, as a small number of [[Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] priests and activists entered the ''samizdat'' arena in the late 1960s, closely followed by the Catholics of [[Lithuania]]."<ref>Anderson, John. ''[https://books.google.sk/books?id=d9GuCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT65 Christianity and democratisation : From pious subjects to critical participants]''. Manchester; New York, NY : Manchester University Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0-7190-7738-8, chpt. 3 ("The Catholic 'third wave': undermining authoritarianism") (online version retrieved 2019-08-19)</ref>
-The mere possession of samizdat materials could be considered as something dirty or subversive, and could split friends apart for the fear of being ratted out to the police, or if one didn't rat out a friend, they too would be subject to arrest.
+The mere possession of samizdat materials could be considered as something dirty or subversive, and could split friends apart for fear of being ratted out to the police, or if one didn't rat out a friend, they too would be subject to arrest.
 Samizdat underground media were instrumental in accelerating the collapse of the communist regimes in the Eastern bloc.<ref name=Downing/> One of the most famous samizdat publications is ''[[The Gulag Archipelago]]'', and its author, [[Alexander Solzhenitsyn]], has been eulogized as the Writer who destroyed an Empire.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/11/opinion/solzhenitsyn-soviet-union-putin.html</ref>

@@ Line 8: / Line 8: @@
 :"In the Soviet Union dissenting [[Baptist|Baptists]] led the way with detailed accounts of religious trials and appeals for religious freedom. From the early 1960s onwards ''samizdat'' materials from such groups kept a records of their situation as [[Nikita Khrushchev|Khruschev's]] anti-religious campaign led to the imprisonment of many who refused to ally with the officially recognised Baptist establishment. In subsequent years this records became increasingly detailed, with long verbatim records of trials, conversations with officials, accounts of the fate of young children taken from their parents, details of prison terms and details on several believers killed by the authorities. All this set an example to other religious groups, as a small number of [[Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] priests and activists entered the ''samizdat'' arena in the late 1960s, closely followed by the Catholics of [[Lithuania]]."<ref>Anderson, John. ''[https://books.google.sk/books?id=d9GuCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT65 Christianity and democratisation : From pious subjects to critical participants]''. Manchester; New York, NY : Manchester University Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0-7190-7738-8, chpt. 3 ("The Catholic 'third wave': undermining authoritarianism") (online version retrieved 2019-08-19)</ref>
-Samizdat underground media were instrumental in accelerating the collapse of the communist regimes in the Eastern bloc.<ref name=Downing/>
+The mere possession of samizdat materials could be considered as something dirty or subversive, and could split friends apart for the fear of being ratted out to the police, or if one didn't rat out a friend, they too would be subject to arrest.
-One of the most famous samizdat publications is ''[[The Gulag Archipelago]]'', and its author, [[Alexander Solzhenitsyn]], has been eulogized as the Writer who destroyed an Empire.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/11/opinion/solzhenitsyn-soviet-union-putin.html</ref>
+Samizdat underground media were instrumental in accelerating the collapse of the communist regimes in the Eastern bloc.<ref name=Downing/> One of the most famous samizdat publications is ''[[The Gulag Archipelago]]'', and its author, [[Alexander Solzhenitsyn]], has been eulogized as the Writer who destroyed an Empire.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/11/opinion/solzhenitsyn-soviet-union-putin.html</ref>
 == References ==

@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 Samizdat underground media were instrumental in accelerating the collapse of the communist regimes in the Eastern bloc.<ref name=Downing/>
-One of the most famous samizdat publications is ''[[The Gulag Archiplago]]'', and its author, [[Alexander Solzhenitsyn]], has been eulogized as the Writer who destroyed an Empire.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/11/opinion/solzhenitsyn-soviet-union-putin.html</ref>
+One of the most famous samizdat publications is ''[[The Gulag Archipelago]]'', and its author, [[Alexander Solzhenitsyn]], has been eulogized as the Writer who destroyed an Empire.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/11/opinion/solzhenitsyn-soviet-union-putin.html</ref>
 == References ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:57, September 21, 2019
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	Samizdat underground media were instrumental in accelerating the collapse of the communist regimes in the Eastern bloc.<ref name=Downing/>		Samizdat underground media were instrumental in accelerating the collapse of the communist regimes in the Eastern bloc.<ref name=Downing/>
		+
		+	One of the most famous samizdat publications is ''[[The Gulag Archiplago]]'', and its author, [[Alexander Solzhenitsyn]], has been eulogized as the Writer who destroyed an Empire.<ref>https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/11/opinion/solzhenitsyn-soviet-union-putin.html</ref>

	== References ==		== References ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:53, August 19, 2019
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	[[Category:History]]		[[Category:History]]
		+	[[Category:Soviet Union]]
		+	[[Category:Anti-Communism]]

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 Etymologically, the term is a shortened version of a Russian word самоиздательство ''samoizdatel'stvo'' (literally "self-publishing house", thus meaning "self-publishing").<ref name=Kralik>samizdat. In: Králik, Ľubor. ''Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny'' [Concise Etymological Dictionary of Slovak Language]. 1st ed. Bratislava : VEDA, vydavateľstvo Slovenskej akadémie vied [SCIENCE, Publishing House of the Slovak Academy of Science], 2015. ISBN 978-80-224-1493-7, p. 520.</ref> It mimics the names of Soviet publishing houses such as Politizdat<ref>The full name: Издательство политической литературы Центрального комитета Коммунистической партии Советского Союза ''Izdatel'stvo politícheskoj literatury Central'nogo komiteta Kommunisticheskoj partii Sovetskogo Sojuza'' ("Political Literature Publishing House of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union" or literally "Publishing House of Political Literature...")</ref>. In 1970s,<ref name=Kralik/> the use of term was wide-spread in the USSR as well as among members of dissident movement in many Eastern Bloc countries. Other similar terms include ''magnitizdat'' (reel-to-reel audiotape copies)<ref name=Smorodinskaya/> and ''tamizdat'' (literally "published over there", i.e. smuggled out, printed in the West, and smuggled back).<ref name=Downing>[https://books.google.sk/books?id=WcF1AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA451 samizdat underground media (Soviet bloc)]. In: Downing, John D. H. (Eds.) ''Encyclopedia of social movement media''. Thousand Oaks, CA; London; New Delhi; Singapore : SAGE Publications, 2011. ISBN 978-0-7619-2688-7, p. 451 (online version retrieved 2019-08-19)</ref>
-Samizdat literature included works critical of practices of the communist government,<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/technology/samizdat Samizdat] [online]. In ''Encyclopædia  Britannica''. [s. l.] : Encyclopædia  Britannica, Inc., 2014-12-31 (retrieved 2019-08-19)</ref> works written on state-banned topics (e.g. prison camps),<ref name=Downing/> as well as previously legally published works that were no longer available in bookstores.<ref name=Smorodinskaya/> The majority of samizdat works were politically focused, consisting mostly of personal statements, information on arrests and trials, protests, and appeals.<ref>Joo, Hyung-min. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4147387 Voices of Freedom: Samizdat]. In: ''Europe-Asia Studies''. ISSN 0966-8136, June 2004, Vol. 56, No. 4, pp. 572-574 (online version retrieved 2019-08-19)</ref> A substantial proportion of samizdat circulating in the USSR, [[Poland]], and [[Czechoslovakia]] was of a religious nature. As John Anderson, a professor of international relations at the University of St Andrews, points out:
+Samizdat literature included works critical of practices of the communist government,<ref>[https://www.britannica.com/technology/samizdat Samizdat] [online]. In ''[[Encyclopædia  Britannica]]''. [s. l.] : Encyclopædia  Britannica, Inc., 2014-12-31 (retrieved 2019-08-19)</ref> works written on state-banned topics (e.g. prison camps),<ref name=Downing/> as well as previously legally published works that were no longer available in bookstores.<ref name=Smorodinskaya/> The majority of samizdat works were politically focused, consisting mostly of personal statements, information on arrests and trials, protests, and appeals.<ref>Joo, Hyung-min. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/4147387 Voices of Freedom: Samizdat]. In: ''Europe-Asia Studies''. ISSN 0966-8136, June 2004, Vol. 56, No. 4, pp. 572-574 (online version retrieved 2019-08-19)</ref> A substantial proportion of samizdat circulating in the USSR, [[Poland]], and [[Czechoslovakia]] was of a religious nature. As John Anderson, a professor of international relations at the University of St Andrews, points out:
-:"In the Soviet Union dissenting Baptists led the way with detailed accounts of religious trials and appeals for religious freedom. From the early 1960s onwards ''samizdat'' materials from such groups kept a records of their situation as Khruschev's anti-religious campaign led to the imprisonment of many who refused to ally with the officially recognised Baptist establishment. In subsequent years this records became increasingly detailed, with long verbatim records of trials, conversations with officials, accounts of the fate of young children taken from their parents, details of prison terms and details on several believers killed by the authorities. All this set an example to other religious groups, as a small number of Orthodox priests and activists entered the ''samizdat'' arena in the late 1960s, closely followed by the Catholics of Lithuania."<ref>Anderson, John. ''[https://books.google.sk/books?id=d9GuCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT65 Christianity and democratisation : From pious subjects to critical participants]''. Manchester; New York, NY : Manchester University Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0-7190-7738-8, chpt. 3 ("The Catholic 'third wave': undermining authoritarianism") (online version retrieved 2019-08-19)</ref>
+:"In the Soviet Union dissenting [[Baptist|Baptists]] led the way with detailed accounts of religious trials and appeals for religious freedom. From the early 1960s onwards ''samizdat'' materials from such groups kept a records of their situation as [[Nikita Khrushchev|Khruschev's]] anti-religious campaign led to the imprisonment of many who refused to ally with the officially recognised Baptist establishment. In subsequent years this records became increasingly detailed, with long verbatim records of trials, conversations with officials, accounts of the fate of young children taken from their parents, details of prison terms and details on several believers killed by the authorities. All this set an example to other religious groups, as a small number of [[Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] priests and activists entered the ''samizdat'' arena in the late 1960s, closely followed by the Catholics of [[Lithuania]]."<ref>Anderson, John. ''[https://books.google.sk/books?id=d9GuCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT65 Christianity and democratisation : From pious subjects to critical participants]''. Manchester; New York, NY : Manchester University Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0-7190-7738-8, chpt. 3 ("The Catholic 'third wave': undermining authoritarianism") (online version retrieved 2019-08-19)</ref>
 Samizdat underground media were instrumental in accelerating the collapse of the communist regimes in the Eastern bloc.<ref name=Downing/>