Transformer - Revision history

Desmonduk: headings

2019-08-25T23:12:00Z

headings

Desmonduk: /* See also */ correct and expand

2019-08-25T23:07:59Z

Desmonduk: link

2019-08-25T23:03:40Z

link

Desmonduk: expand

2019-08-25T23:02:27Z

expand

DavidB4-bot: /* top */HTTP --> HTTPS #3, replaced: http://www.amazon.com → https://www.amazon.com

2019-04-09T23:17:28Z

top: HTTP --> HTTPS #3, replaced: http://www.amazon.com → https://www.amazon.com

DavidB4-bot: /* Bibliography */HTTP --> HTTPS [#1], replaced: http://books.google.com → https://books.google.com

2018-09-26T20:57:40Z

Bibliography: HTTP --> HTTPS [#1], replaced: http://books.google.com → https://books.google.com

DavidB4-bot: clean up & uniformity

2016-06-27T23:03:02Z

clean up & uniformity

JDano: not added

2016-04-21T04:44:43Z

not added

JDano: add diagram

2016-04-21T04:42:32Z

add diagram

JDano: clean up

2016-04-21T04:39:22Z

clean up

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-[[File:Transformer-polemount-singlephase-closeup.jpg|thumb|right|A transformer hung on a pole to serve a few houses in a neighborhood.]]A '''transformer''' is a device that transfers [[Electricity|electrical energy]] from one [[circuit]] to another, usually at different voltages.
+[[File:Transformer-polemount-singlephase-closeup.jpg|thumb|right|A transformer hung on a pole to serve a few houses in a neighborhood.]]
 Early electrical systems were developed using [[direct current]].  However, the heat loss limited the ability to send electric power a long distance from the generating station.  This caused the industry to adopt [[alternating current]].  With alternating current, electric power is generated at a low voltage.  A "step up transformer"  then raises the voltage to a much higher level (for example 220,000 volts).  Power can travel down a transmission line at a high voltage with less energy being converted to heat.<ref>Joule heating equal i<sup>2</sup>R.  If the voltage doubles, the current is cut in half to transmit the same power.  This will cut the heat loss by 1/4.</ref>  When the electric power arrives at a local substation a "step down transformer" will lower the voltage.  Finally, at a point near an individual customer's house, a final transformer will lower the voltage to 120 volts (in the United States) or 230 volts (in Europe).
 A transformer works because the two circuits are wound around a common magnetized metal core. As the current alternates on the first circuit, it creates a varying [[magnetic field]].  That field, in turn, induces a current in the coils of the second circuit.  The ratio of the voltage on the two circuits is determined by the ratio of the number of times coils on the two circuits are wrapped around the metal core that serves as a magnet.
-[[File:Transformer3d col3 XML stripped.jpeg|thumb|right|The ratio of the number of turns around the core determines the ratio of the voltage on the two circuits.]]
 [[Newt Gingrich]] and other [[conservative]]s have expressed concerns about the viability of power grid transformers against [[threat]]s from modern adversaries such as [[Islam]]ic [[jihad]] [[terrorists]], [[China]], [[Russia]] and [[North Korea]]. They consider the current "hardening" of transformers to be a major issue requiring investment.<ref>[[One Second After]] written by [[William Forstchen]] with a forward by [[Newt Gingrich]] discusses this potentially major threat to modern power transformers: [https://www.amazon.com/One-Second-After-William-Forstchen Amazon.com], Tor Books, 2011. Accessed January 5, 2015.</ref>

@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 ==See also==
-* [[Inverter]] - Transforms [[alternating current]] into [[direct current]]
+* [[Rectifier]] - Converts [[alternating current]] into [[direct current]]
 ==Bibliography==

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:03, August 25, 2019
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	[[File:Transformer-polemount-singlephase-closeup.jpg\|thumb\|right\|A transformer hung on a pole to serve a few houses in a neighborhood.]]A '''transformer''' is a device that transfers [[electrical energy]] from one [[circuit]] to another, usually at different voltages.	+	[[File:Transformer-polemount-singlephase-closeup.jpg\|thumb\|right\|A transformer hung on a pole to serve a few houses in a neighborhood.]]A '''transformer''' is a device that transfers [[Electricity\|electrical energy]] from one [[circuit]] to another, usually at different voltages.

	Early electrical systems were developed using [[direct current]]. However, the heat loss limited the ability to send electric power a long distance from the generating station. This caused the industry to adopt [[alternating current]]. With alternating current, electric power is generated at a low voltage. A "step up transformer" then raises the voltage to a much higher level (for example 220,000 volts). Power can travel down a transmission line at a high voltage with less energy being converted to heat.<ref>Joule heating equal i<sup>2</sup>R. If the voltage doubles, the current is cut in half to transmit the same power. This will cut the heat loss by 1/4.</ref> When the electric power arrives at a local substation a "step down transformer" will lower the voltage. Finally, at a point near an individual customer's house, a final transformer will lower the voltage to 120 volts (in the United States) or 230 volts (in Europe).		Early electrical systems were developed using [[direct current]]. However, the heat loss limited the ability to send electric power a long distance from the generating station. This caused the industry to adopt [[alternating current]]. With alternating current, electric power is generated at a low voltage. A "step up transformer" then raises the voltage to a much higher level (for example 220,000 volts). Power can travel down a transmission line at a high voltage with less energy being converted to heat.<ref>Joule heating equal i<sup>2</sup>R. If the voltage doubles, the current is cut in half to transmit the same power. This will cut the heat loss by 1/4.</ref> When the electric power arrives at a local substation a "step down transformer" will lower the voltage. Finally, at a point near an individual customer's house, a final transformer will lower the voltage to 120 volts (in the United States) or 230 volts (in Europe).

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[File:Transformer-polemount-singlephase-closeup.jpg|thumb|right|A transformer hung on a pole to serve a few houses in a neighborhood.]]A '''transformer''' is a device that transfers [[electrical energy]] from one [[circuit]] to another, usually at different voltages.
-Early electrical systems were developed using [[direct current]].  However, the heat loss limited the ability to send electric power a long distance from the generating station.  This caused the industry to adopt [[alternating current]].  With alternating current, electric power is generated at a low voltage.  A "step up transformer"  then raises the voltage to a much higher level (for example 220,000 volts).  Power can travel down a transmission line at a high voltage with less energy being converted to heat.<ref>Joule heating equal i<sup>2</sup>R.  If the voltage doubles, the current is cut in half to transmit the same power.  This will cut the heat loss by 1/4.</ref>  When the electric power arrives at a local substation a "step down transformer" will lower the voltage.  Finally, at a point near an individual customer's house, a final transformer will lower the voltage to 120 volts (in the United States).
+Early electrical systems were developed using [[direct current]].  However, the heat loss limited the ability to send electric power a long distance from the generating station.  This caused the industry to adopt [[alternating current]].  With alternating current, electric power is generated at a low voltage.  A "step up transformer"  then raises the voltage to a much higher level (for example 220,000 volts).  Power can travel down a transmission line at a high voltage with less energy being converted to heat.<ref>Joule heating equal i<sup>2</sup>R.  If the voltage doubles, the current is cut in half to transmit the same power.  This will cut the heat loss by 1/4.</ref>  When the electric power arrives at a local substation a "step down transformer" will lower the voltage.  Finally, at a point near an individual customer's house, a final transformer will lower the voltage to 120 volts (in the United States) or 230 volts (in Europe).
 A transformer works because the two circuits are wound around a common magnetized metal core. As the current alternates on the first circuit, it creates a varying [[magnetic field]].  That field, in turn, induces a current in the coils of the second circuit.  The ratio of the voltage on the two circuits is determined by the ratio of the number of times coils on the two circuits are wrapped around the metal core that serves as a magnet.

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 A transformer works because the two circuits are wound around a common magnetized metal core. As the current alternates on the first circuit, it creates a varying [[magnetic field]].  That field, in turn, induces a current in the coils of the second circuit.  The ratio of the voltage on the two circuits is determined by the ratio of the number of times coils on the two circuits are wrapped around the metal core that serves as a magnet.
 [[File:Transformer3d col3 XML stripped.jpeg|thumb|right|The ratio of the number of turns around the core determines the ratio of the voltage on the two circuits.]]
-[[Newt Gingrich]] and other [[conservative]]s have expressed concerns about the viability of power grid transformers against [[threat]]s from modern adversaries such as [[Islam]]ic [[jihad]] [[terrorists]], [[China]], [[Russia]] and [[North Korea]]. They consider the current "hardening" of transformers to be a major issue requiring investment.<ref>[[One Second After]] written by [[William Forstchen]] with a forward by [[Newt Gingrich]] discusses this potentially major threat to modern power transformers: [http://www.amazon.com/One-Second-After-William-Forstchen Amazon.com], Tor Books, 2011. Accessed January 5, 2015.</ref>
+[[Newt Gingrich]] and other [[conservative]]s have expressed concerns about the viability of power grid transformers against [[threat]]s from modern adversaries such as [[Islam]]ic [[jihad]] [[terrorists]], [[China]], [[Russia]] and [[North Korea]]. They consider the current "hardening" of transformers to be a major issue requiring investment.<ref>[[One Second After]] written by [[William Forstchen]] with a forward by [[Newt Gingrich]] discusses this potentially major threat to modern power transformers: [https://www.amazon.com/One-Second-After-William-Forstchen Amazon.com], Tor Books, 2011. Accessed January 5, 2015.</ref>
 If there is a major disaster, damaged transformers may have to be replaced, and both homeland security experts as well as the electric utilities are worried that the inventory and placement of spare transformers may not allow the electric grid to be reenergized quickly.  As a result, the industry is attempting to arrange for nationwide cooperation in the distribution of spare transformers and parts to respond to such emergencies.

@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
   | year = 2004
   | isbn = 0-8493-1704-5
-  | url=http://books.google.com/?id=THO9U9f2m9EC}}
+  | url=https://books.google.com/?id=THO9U9f2m9EC}}
 ==External links==

@@ Line 22: / Line 22: @@
   | url=http://books.google.com/?id=THO9U9f2m9EC}}
-==External Links==
+==External links==
 * [http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_2/chpt_10/6.html Three-phase transformer circuits] from All About Circuits
 * [http://mysite.du.edu/~jcalvert/tech/transfor.htm  Inside Transformers, composed by J. B. Calvert, from Denver University]
@@ Line 30: / Line 30: @@
 <references />
-[[Category : Electronics]]
+[[Category:Electronics]]
-[[Category : Energy]]
+[[Category:Energy]]
-[[Category : Electricity]]
+[[Category:Electricity]]
-[[Category : Radio]]
+[[Category:Radio]]
-[[Category : Electricity]]
+[[Category:Electricity]]