Dhimmi

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A Dhimmi (Arabic ذمي or أهل الذمة, also pronounced zimmi) is an Arabic term which refers to a non-Muslim person living on Muslim territory. Dhimmis are usually allowed to practice their own religion, as long as they do not publicly preach this religion. Though dhimmis were promised security and protection, dhimmis were widely discriminated against. To combat this, many dhimmis converted to Islam.

"Dhimmi" literally means "protection, care, custody, covenant of protection, compact; responsibility, answerableness; financial obligation, liability, debt; inviolability, security of life and property; safeguard, guarantee, security; conscience".