Federalist No. 19, authored by James Madison under the pen name Publius, is the nineteenth of 85 essays. Titled "The Same Subject Continued: The Insufficiency of the Present Confederation to Preserve the Union", Madison returns with additional comparisons of European powers. His view of Poland was that it was incapable of self-government and self-defense; Switzerland, which was a severed league due to violent and bloody contests between Protestant and Catholic religions; and "the Germanic body" - the Kingdom of Germany, which was held together in union only by several precarious efforts. Generally, Germany had at that time seen many wars between princes and states.
It was published on December 8, 1787.
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