Rio de Janeiro

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Rio de Janeiro is a major port city and former capital of Brazil. Its full name is Cidade de Sao Sebastiao do Rio de Janeiro, 'City of Saint Sebastian of the River of January': the bay on which Rio stands was mistaken for a river estuary by the Portugese sailors who entered it on 1 January 1502. It became the Portugese colonial capital in 1763 and remained Brazilian capital until 1960, when Brasilia became the capital.