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William Rufus Day was a politician and jurist from Ohio. He helmed the United States Peace Commission to sign the 1898 Treaty of Paris - which ended the Spanish-American War. As a member of the United States Supreme Court, Day wrote 439 opinions - only 18 of which were dissents: these opinions advanced state power and generally sided with antitrust laws.[1] He also sided with the government in the Standard Oil, American Tobacco, and both Union Pacific cases. He sided against government in Hammer v. Dagenhart - which ruled that the federal government could not use the Commerce Clause to regulate labor conditions, in this case a child labor law.[2] This decision would be overturned by United States v. Darby Lumber Co.
Day dissented in Lochner v. New York - the case that began the "Lochner Era" - arguing that the federal government could promote public welfare over liberty of contract. Day also wrote the opinion for the exclusionary rule in Weeks v. United States - saying that the 4th Amendment barred evidence seized illegally from being admitted at trial.[2]
References
- ↑ William Rufus Day (April 17, 1849 - July 9, 1923) (English). The Ohio Judicial Center.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 William Rufus Day (English). law.jrank.
The U.S. Supreme Court
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| Chief Justice Melville Fuller's Court (1888–1910)
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| 1888–1889 |
Samuel F. Miller | Stephen Johnson Field | Joseph P. Bradley | John Harlan I | Stanley Matthews | Horace Gray | Samuel Blatchford | Lucius Q.C. Lamar II
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| 1890–1891 |
Stephen Johnson Field | Joseph P. Bradley | John Harlan I | Horace Gray | Samuel Blatchford | Lucius Q.C. Lamar II | David Brewer
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| 1891–1892 |
Stephen Johnson Field | Joseph P. Bradley | John Harlan I | Horace Gray | Samuel Blatchford | Lucius Q.C. Lamar II | David Brewer | Henry B. Brown
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| 1892–1893 |
Stephen Johnson Field | John Harlan I | Horace Gray | Samuel Blatchford | Lucius Q.C. Lamar II | David Brewer | Henry B. Brown | George Shiras, Jr.
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| 1893 |
Stephen Johnson Field | John Harlan I | Horace Gray | Samuel Blatchford | David Brewer | Henry B. Brown | George Shiras, Jr. | Howell E. Jackson
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| 1894–1895 |
Stephen Johnson Field | John Harlan I | Horace Gray | David Brewer | Henry B. Brown | George Shiras, Jr. | Howell E. Jackson | Edward D. White
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| 1896–1897 |
Stephen Johnson Field | John Harlan I | Horace Gray | David Brewer | Henry B. Brown | George Shiras, Jr. | Edward D. White | Rufus W. Peckham
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| 1898–1902 |
John Harlan I | Horace Gray | David Brewer | Henry B. Brown | George Shiras, Jr. | Edward D. White | Rufus W. Peckham | Joseph McKenna
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| 1902–1903 |
John Harlan I | David Brewer | Henry B. Brown | George Shiras, Jr. | Edward D. White | Rufus W. Peckham | Joseph McKenna | Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr.
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| 1903–1906 |
John Harlan I | David Brewer | Henry B. Brown | Edward D. White | Rufus W. Peckham | Joseph McKenna | Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. | William R. Day
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| 1906–1909 |
John Harlan I | David Brewer | Edward D. White | Rufus W. Peckham | Joseph McKenna | Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. | William R. Day | William Henry Moody
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| Jan–Mar 1910 |
John Harlan I | David Brewer | Edward D. White | Joseph McKenna | Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. | William R. Day | William Henry Moody | Horace Lurton
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| Mar–Jul 1910 |
John Harlan I | Edward D. White | Joseph McKenna | Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. | William R. Day | William Henry Moody | Horace Lurton
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| Chief Justice Edward D. White's Court (1910–1921)
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| Chief Justice William Howard Taft's Court (1921–1930)
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