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'''''Animal Farm''''' (1946) is a book written an [[Anti-Communist|anti-Stalinist]] "fairy story" by [[George Orwell]] in 1946. The story is a [[Satire|satirical]] [[allegory]] of the [[Russian Revolution]], <ref>"the various episodes are taken from the actual history of the Russian Revolution" [http://www.netcharles.com/orwell/articles/ukrainian-af-pref.htm Preface to the Ukrainian Edition of Animal Farm (written by Orwell)]</ref> particularly directed against [[Joseph Stalin|Stalin's]] Russia. The story's concept of "animalism" is used by Orwell to portray a generic view of [[socialism]], similar to that first expounded by [[Karl Marx]] (''Old Major''), who Orwell believed was naive naïve in thinking that his philosophy would actually work. Orwell, although agreeing with the overall concept of equality through socialism, <ref>[http://www.novelguide.com/animalfarm/metaphoranalysis.html Animal Farm: Metaphor Analysis]</ref> was critical of Marx because he Orwell believed that Marx didn't take into account the greed and jealousy which would eventually undermine the entire philosophy. <ref>"Orwell believed that although socialism is good as an ideal, it can never be successfully adopted due to uncontrollable sins of human nature."</ref> This idea was shown through ''Napoleon'' and the other pigs, who, through persuasion and force became the dominant authority on the farm. When Napoleon outlaws the "Beasts of England" anthem, he is demonstrating the ruthlessness of a state in which the initial ideal of socialism as a way to ensure equality among animals has been heavily distorted into a force of oppression. Many of the characters of Animal Farm are representative of real life characters or organizations involved in the Russian Revolution and are listed below. {{who says}}<ref>[http://barney.gonzaga.edu/~sbennet3/mead/lessonplans/animalfarm.htm Animal Farm - Comparison of characters to the Russian Revolution]</ref>

'''Old Major''': ([[Karl Marx]] and [[V.I. Lenin]]) A pig, and the leader of the animals before the revolution. He dies of old age before the revolt begins.

'''Boxer''': (The [[proletariat]]) A very strong horse who is characterized by the phrase: "Napoleon is always right!" His whose attitude is very simplistic and uncaring, simply determining that, no matter how maniacal, the leadership regardless of what leader on the farm is always say or do, he will make things come out rightby working ever harder.

'''The sheep:''' : (Another aspect of the proletariat) They unquestioningly accept and parrot the leadership's [[propaganda]] and shout down dissenters.

'''Mollie''': (The [[czartsar|czarist]] aristocracy) A female horse who is vain and shallow. Her low intelligence is seen in whatever she does, and she is easily led astray by flattery. However, some analysts of the story have expressed admiration for her as being one of the few non-pigs and non-humans in Animal Farm who takes control of her own life.

'''Snowball''': ([[Leon Trotsky]]) A pig who struggled with Napoleon for power. Possibly the most intelligent animal on the farm, he envisioned the windmill and much of the governance structure of the farm. Though he is often seen as a protagonistic "good guy," it is hinted at throughout the story prior to his exile that his motives, though not necessarily malicious, are less than saint-like.

'''SquealerThe dogs''': (the [[Propaganda]] newspaper [[PravdaKGB]]) A porker who manages The dogs are loyal to convinceNapoleon, using lies, everyone on the farm who uses them to accept whatever Napoleon declaresmaintain power. Many of them were taken in from Jessie and Bluebell shortly after birth.

'''Farmer JonesSquealer''': ([[CzarPropaganda]] newspaper [[Nicholas IIPravda]]) The owner of Manor Farm before the animals revolt. A drunkardporker who manages to convince, but not a bad farmerusing questionable statistics and outright lies, Jones was often negligent in caring for everyone on the animalsfarm to accept whatever Napoleon declares.

'''Farmer FrederickJones''': ([[Adolf HitlerTsar]] [[Nicholas II]]) The owner of Manor Farm before the animals revolt. A drunkard, but not a bad farmer, Jones was often negligent in caring for the neighboring Pinchfield farmanimals.

'''Farmer PilkingtonFrederick''': (German leadership, namely [[Winston ChurchillAdolf Hitler]]) The owner of the neighboring Foxwood Pinchfield farm.

'''Mr WhymperFarmer Pilkington''': (British leadership, namely [[George Bernard ShawWinston Churchill]]) The 'face' owner of Animal Farm to the outside worldneighboring Foxwood farm.

'''MosesMr. Whymper''': (Outsiders involved in the affairs of the USSR) The [[Orthodox 'face' of Animal Farm to the outside world. The pigs successfully convince him that conditions in Animal Farm are much better than they are.  '''Moses''': (Religion in general)<ref>"Moses represents Orwell's view of the Church|Russian Orthodox . To Orwell, the Churchis just used as a tool by dictatorships to keep the working class of people hopeful and productive." [http://www.netcharles.com/orwell/articles/col-afcp.htm Animal Farm Character Profiles]]) </ref> Farmer Jones's pet raven, whom the other animals resent because he does no work. He preaches about a wondrous land called Sugarcandy Mountain, where the animals will supposedly go when they die. The pigs try to convince the other animals that Moses is lying, but once they see his usefulness to them, they tolerate him.

The book was made into an animated cartoon. The book's idea of a false utopia was bitingly portrayed in "[[Toy Story 3]]", with as well as into a [[day care center]] substituting for 1999 live action film (the farm setting. "This isn't a family," one toy shouts. "It's a prison!" [http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-klavan-toy-story-3-20101102,0,6568516latter featuring Animal Farm falling into disrepair due to policies Napoleon instigated as well as it falling under new ownership with the implication that things might turn out better).story]

==Links==* [http://www.netcharles.com/orwell/articles/col-paf.htm George Orwell and the Politics of Animal Farm] - Paul Eissen   [category[Category:Novels]][[Category:Dystopian Fiction]][[Category:Totalitarianism]][[Category:Police State]][[Category:Anti-Communism]][[Category:Socialism]][[Category:Anti-Communism]][[Category:Greatest Conservative Movies]][[Category:Movies]]