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==Analogy and Argument from Analogy in Science==

==Analogy and Argument from Analogy in Science==

Despite that in [[Exact sciences|science]] an analogy is considered a legitimate device in process of searching for [[Explanation in science|scientific explanation]] of [[phenomena]] under investigation (i.e. it has a legitimate [[heuristic]] use)<ref name="Leatherdale">{{cite book |author=W. H. Leatherdale|title=The role of analogy, model, and metaphor in science|publisher=North-Holland Pub. Co.|year=1974|page=181|isbn=9780720480221|url=http://books.google.com/books?ei=98GwUevjOaKJ4gTX9ICwCw&id=1JI1AAAAIAAJ&dq=leatherdale+the+role+of+analogy&q=legitimate#search_anchor|quote=}}</ref>, it cannot serve as [[Scientific evidence|proof]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Louis Pasteur|author=Patrice Debré|publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press|place=Baltimore and London|year=1998|pages=260|isbn=978-0801-865299|url=http://books.google.no/books?id=RzOcl-FLw30C&printsec=frontcover&dq=ouis+Pasteur+Patrice+Debr%C3%A9&hl=en&sa=X&ei=R6mwUfe1Cuqw4QSS64GYAQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=analogy&f=false|quote=Pasteur...went up to ... offer his criticism:...Analogy cannot serve as proof.}}</ref> Analogies are also suggestive, however the suggestions they make are often the source of errors which would otherwise have been avoided.<ref name="Leatherdale"/> Darwin has been often criticised for using the argument from analogy<ref name="Larson">{{cite book

Despite that in [[Exact sciences|science]] an analogy is considered a legitimate device in process of searching for [[Explanation in science|scientific explanation]] of [[phenomena]] under investigation (i.e. it has a legitimate [[heuristic]] use),<ref name="Leatherdale">{{cite book |author=W. H. Leatherdale|title=The role of analogy, model, and metaphor in science|publisher=North-Holland Pub. Co.|year=1974|page=181|isbn=9780720480221|url=http://books.google.com/books?ei=98GwUevjOaKJ4gTX9ICwCw&id=1JI1AAAAIAAJ&dq=leatherdale+the+role+of+analogy&q=legitimate#search_anchor|quote=}}</ref> it cannot serve as [[Scientific evidence|proof]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Louis Pasteur|author=Patrice Debré|publisher=The Johns Hopkins University Press|place=Baltimore and London|year=1998|pages=260|isbn=978-0801-865299|url=http://books.google.no/books?id=RzOcl-FLw30C&printsec=frontcover&dq=ouis+Pasteur+Patrice+Debr%C3%A9&hl=en&sa=X&ei=R6mwUfe1Cuqw4QSS64GYAQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=analogy&f=false|quote=Pasteur...went up to ... offer his criticism:...Analogy cannot serve as proof.}}</ref> Analogies are also suggestive, however the suggestions they make are often the source of errors which would otherwise have been avoided.<ref name="Leatherdale"/> Darwin has been often criticised for using the argument from analogy<ref name="Larson">{{cite book

|author=E.J. Larson

|author=E.J. Larson

|title=Evolution: The Remarkable History of a Scientific Theory

|title=Evolution: The Remarkable History of a Scientific Theory

|year=2010

|year=2010

|chapter=An analysis of Darwin's Natural-Selection, Artificial-Selection Analogy: Critique of the Analogy

|chapter=An analysis of Darwin's Natural-Selection, Artificial-Selection Analogy: Critique of the Analogy

|pages=79-102

|pages=79–102

|isbn=978-0-89051-597-6

|isbn=978-0-89051-597-6

|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=P0VpUOh9S3oC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Hedtke+the+secrets&hl=en&sa=X&ei=tLqwUdqkI8GD4AT8vIGYCA&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=analogy%20substitued&f=false

|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=P0VpUOh9S3oC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Hedtke+the+secrets&hl=en&sa=X&ei=tLqwUdqkI8GD4AT8vIGYCA&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=analogy%20substitued&f=false

Now, an analogy would be to say that an airsoft gun is like a real gun, except that it shoots plastic pellets instead of lead bullets like a gun should.  

Now, an analogy would be to say that an airsoft gun is like a real gun, except that it shoots plastic pellets instead of lead bullets like a gun should.  

== See Also ==

== See also ==

*[[Metaphor]]

*[[Metaphor]]

*[[Weak analogy]], a [[logical fallacy]] based on improper use of an analogy

*[[Weak analogy]], a [[logical fallacy]] based on improper use of an analogy