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'''Jehoiachin''' ([[Hebrew]] '''יְהֹויָכִין''', [[YHWH]] has established<ref>Mike Campbell, [http://www.behindthename.com/php/view.php?name=jehoiachin Behind the Name: Jehoiachin], 2007. Retrieved April 13, 2007.</ref>) or '''Jeconiah''' ([[Hebrew]] '''יְכָנְיָה‎''', [[YHWH]] shall fortify, or [[Greece|Greek]] '''Ἰεχονίας''') or '''Coniah''' (617 BC-vr. 609 BC?-r. 599-599 BC- d. 560 BC according to [[James Ussher|Ussher]]<ref name=Ussher>[[James Ussher]], ''[[The Annals of the World]]'', [[Larry Pierce]], ed., Green Forest, AR: Master Books, 2003 (ISBN 0890513600), pghh. 795-7</ref>, or 615 BC-vr. 607 BC?-r. 597-597 BC-d. ca. 560 BC according to [[Edwin R. Thiele|Thiele]]<ref name=Wood>Leon J. Wood, ''A Survey of Israel's History'', rev. ed. David O'Brien, Grand Rapids, MI: Academie Books, 1986 (ISBN 031034770X), pp. 317-8</ref><ref name=Wikipedia>"[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jeconiah&oldid=119600281 Jeconiah]." ''Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia''. 1 April 2007, 23:45 UTC. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. Retrieved 13 April 2007.</ref>) was the eighteenth king of the [[Southern Kingdom]] of [[Israel]]. His reign was short and, by at least one account, ugly and tragic.
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'''Jehoiachin''' ([[Hebrew]] '''יְהֹויָכִין''', [[YHWH]] has established<ref>Mike Campbell, [http://www.behindthename.com/php/view.php?name=jehoiachin Behind the Name: Jehoiachin], 2007. Retrieved April 13, 2007.</ref>) or '''Jeconiah''' ([[Hebrew]] '''יְכָנְיָה‎''', [[YHWH]] shall fortify, or [[Greece|Greek]] '''Ἰεχονίας''') or '''Coniah''' (617 BC-vr. 609 BC?-r. 599-599 BC- d. 560 BC according to [[James Ussher|Ussher]],<ref name=Ussher>[[James Ussher]], ''[[The Annals of the World]]'', [[Larry Pierce]], ed., Green Forest, AR: Master Books, 2003 (ISBN 0890513600), pghh. 795-7</ref> or 615 BC-vr. 607 BC?-r. 597-597 BC-d. ca. 560 BC according to [[Edwin R. Thiele|Thiele]]<ref name=Wood>Leon J. Wood, ''A Survey of Israel's History'', rev. ed. David O'Brien, Grand Rapids, MI: Academie Books, 1986 (ISBN 031034770X), pp. 317-8</ref><ref name=Wikipedia>"[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jeconiah&oldid=119600281 Jeconiah]." ''Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia''. 1 April 2007, 23:45 UTC. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. Retrieved 13 April 2007.</ref>) was the eighteenth king of the [[Southern Kingdom]] of [[Israel]]. His reign was short and, by at least one account, ugly and tragic.
    
== Early Life and Family ==
 
== Early Life and Family ==
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Jehoiachin was the son of King [[Jehoiakim]] by Jehoiakim's wife [[Nehushta]].<ref name=reign1>{{Bible ref|book=II_Kings|chap=24|verses=8|version=NASB}}</ref><ref name=Ussher2>Ussher, ''op. cit.'', pgh. 749</ref><ref name=Wikipedia/> The names of his wives are nowhere recorded in the [[Bible]].
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Jehoiachin was the son of King [[Jehoiakim]] by Jehoiakim's wife [[Nehushta]].<ref name=Wikipedia/><ref name=reign1>{{Bible ref|book=II_Kings|chap=24|verses=8|version=NASB}}</ref><ref name=Ussher2>Ussher, ''op. cit.'', pgh. 749</ref> The names of his wives are nowhere recorded in the [[Bible]].
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He is known to have had at least one son, named [[Shealtiel]].<ref name=son>{{Bible ref|book=I_Chronicles|chap=3|verses=17|version=NASB}}</ref><ref name=Wikipedia/>. The Chronicler lists other descendants of his, but does not give a definitive genealogical relationship: [[Malkiram]], [[Pedaiah]], [[Shenazzar]], [[Jekamiah]], [[Hoshama]], and [[Nedabiah]]<ref name=descendants>{{Bible ref|book=I_Chroncles|chap=3|verses=18|version=NASB}}</ref>
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He is known to have had at least one son, named [[Shealtiel]].<ref name=Wikipedia/><ref name=son>{{Bible ref|book=I_Chronicles|chap=3|verses=17|version=NASB}}</ref> The Chronicler lists other descendants of his, but does not give a definitive genealogical relationship: [[Malkiram]], [[Pedaiah]], [[Shenazzar]], [[Jekamiah]], [[Hoshama]], and [[Nedabiah]]<ref name=descendants>{{Bible ref|book=I_Chroncles|chap=3|verses=18|version=NASB}}</ref>
    
He might or might not have been [[viceroy]] under his father Jehoiakim for most of the latter's reign.<ref name=Butler>Fred Butler, [http://www.fredsbibletalk.com/fb005.pdf The Problem of Jehoiachin's Age 2 Kings 24:8 vs. 2 Chronicles 36:9], ''Fred's Bible Talk'', 2007. Retrieved April 13, 2007. Requires PDF reader. For the HTML version, see [http://www.fredsbibletalk.com/fb005.html here].</ref><ref name=Slick>Matthew J. Slick, [http://www.carm.org/diff/2Chron36_9.htm How old was Jehoiachin when he became king?], ''Bible Difficulties'', Christian Apologetics Research Ministry, 2006. Retrieved April 13, 2007.</ref><ref name=Kinney>Will Kinney, [http://www.geocities.com/brandplucked/8or18.html How Old was Jehoiachin, 8 or 18?], ''Another King James Bible Believer'', retrieved April 13, 2007.</ref> His viceroyalty, if he had one, is the subject of speculation concerning two different reports of his age-at-accession. Details of the controversy are presented below.
 
He might or might not have been [[viceroy]] under his father Jehoiakim for most of the latter's reign.<ref name=Butler>Fred Butler, [http://www.fredsbibletalk.com/fb005.pdf The Problem of Jehoiachin's Age 2 Kings 24:8 vs. 2 Chronicles 36:9], ''Fred's Bible Talk'', 2007. Retrieved April 13, 2007. Requires PDF reader. For the HTML version, see [http://www.fredsbibletalk.com/fb005.html here].</ref><ref name=Slick>Matthew J. Slick, [http://www.carm.org/diff/2Chron36_9.htm How old was Jehoiachin when he became king?], ''Bible Difficulties'', Christian Apologetics Research Ministry, 2006. Retrieved April 13, 2007.</ref><ref name=Kinney>Will Kinney, [http://www.geocities.com/brandplucked/8or18.html How Old was Jehoiachin, 8 or 18?], ''Another King James Bible Believer'', retrieved April 13, 2007.</ref> His viceroyalty, if he had one, is the subject of speculation concerning two different reports of his age-at-accession. Details of the controversy are presented below.
    
== Accession ==
 
== Accession ==
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Jehoiachin became king, or at least sole ruler, at eighteen, this after his father's probable execution.<ref name=Ussher/><ref name=Britannica>Anonymous, [http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9043490 Jehoiachin], ''Encyclopedia Britannica'' online, 2007. Retrieved April 13, 2007.</ref><ref name=KingsofIsrael>Anonymous, King Jehoiachin: [http://www.geocities.com/thekingsofisrael/biography_Jehoiachin.html Biography] and [http://www.geocities.com/thekingsofisrael/judgment_Jehoiachin.html God's Judgment], retrieved April 13, 2007 from the Kings of Israel site.</ref><ref name=Wikipedia/><ref name=Infoplease>"[http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0826121.html Jehoiachin]". ''[http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/.html. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia]''. © 1994, 2000-2006, on Infoplease. © 2000–2007 Pearson Education, publishing as Infoplease. Retrieved
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Jehoiachin became king, or at least sole ruler, at eighteen, this after his father's probable execution.<ref name=Ussher/><ref name=Wikipedia/><ref name=Britannica>Anonymous, [http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9043490 Jehoiachin], ''Encyclopedia Britannica'' online, 2007. Retrieved April 13, 2007.</ref><ref name=KingsofIsrael>Anonymous, King Jehoiachin: [http://www.geocities.com/thekingsofisrael/biography_Jehoiachin.html Biography] and [http://www.geocities.com/thekingsofisrael/judgment_Jehoiachin.html God's Judgment], retrieved April 13, 2007 from the Kings of Israel site.</ref><ref name=Infoplease>"[http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0826121.html Jehoiachin]". ''[http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/.html. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia]''. © 1994, 2000-2006, on Infoplease. © 2000–2007 Pearson Education, publishing as Infoplease. Retrieved
 
13 April 2007.</ref><ref name=WebBible>Matthew G. Easton and Paul S. Taylor, "[http://www.christiananswers.net/dictionary/jehoiachin.html Jehoiachin]", ''[http://www.christiananswers.net/dictionary/home.html The Web Bible Encyclopedia]'', 2007. Retrieved April 13, 2007.</ref><ref name=HSI>Anonymous, "[http://www.holyspiritinteractive.net/biblediscovery/jehoiachin.asp Jehoiachin]", ''Holy Spirit Interactive'', 2007. Retrieved April 13, 2007.</ref><ref name=CCM>David Holt Boshert, Jr., and David Ettinger, [http://www.christcenteredmall.com/teachings/kings/jehoiachin.htm Jehoiachin King of Judah], Christ-Centered Mall. Retrieved April 9, 2007</ref> The author of Kings gives his length of reign at three months.<ref name=reign1/> The Chronicler gives a more specific period: three months and ten days.<ref name=reign2NIV>{{Bible ref|book=II_Chronicles|chap=36|verses=9|version=NIV}}</ref>
 
13 April 2007.</ref><ref name=WebBible>Matthew G. Easton and Paul S. Taylor, "[http://www.christiananswers.net/dictionary/jehoiachin.html Jehoiachin]", ''[http://www.christiananswers.net/dictionary/home.html The Web Bible Encyclopedia]'', 2007. Retrieved April 13, 2007.</ref><ref name=HSI>Anonymous, "[http://www.holyspiritinteractive.net/biblediscovery/jehoiachin.asp Jehoiachin]", ''Holy Spirit Interactive'', 2007. Retrieved April 13, 2007.</ref><ref name=CCM>David Holt Boshert, Jr., and David Ettinger, [http://www.christcenteredmall.com/teachings/kings/jehoiachin.htm Jehoiachin King of Judah], Christ-Centered Mall. Retrieved April 9, 2007</ref> The author of Kings gives his length of reign at three months.<ref name=reign1/> The Chronicler gives a more specific period: three months and ten days.<ref name=reign2NIV>{{Bible ref|book=II_Chronicles|chap=36|verses=9|version=NIV}}</ref>
    
=== Political situation ===
 
=== Political situation ===
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Eight years earlier, [[Nebuchadnezzar II]] had expelled [[Egypt]]'s [[Pharaoh]] [[Necho II]] from [[Carchemish]] and chased him all the way back to Egypt.<ref name=Ussher3>Ussher, ''op. cit.'', pgh. 770</ref> [[Babylonia]] was now the dominant power in the region--which is to say, the known world from the point-of-view of the ancient [[Israel]]ites. Nebuchadnezzar had allowed Jehoiakim (who had been Necho's vassal) to remain on his throne, on condition that Jehoiakim should pay homage and tribute to Nebuchadnezzar, not Necho.<ref name=Ussher4>Ussher, ''op. cit.'', pghh. 775-6</ref> Jehoiakim had rebelled within three years, and perhaps the only reason why Nebuchadnezzar had not dealt with Jehoiakim at once was that Necho had challenged him one last time.<ref name=Wood/> Necho lost, and thus his influence in the region was at an end.<ref name=NoNecho>{{Bible ref|book=II_Kings|chap=24|verses=7|version=NASB}}</ref>
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Eight years earlier, [[Nebuchadnezzar II]] had expelled [[Egypt]]'s [[Pharaoh]] [[Necho II]] from [[Carchemish]] and chased him all the way back to Egypt.<ref name=Ussher3>Ussher, ''op. cit.'', pgh. 770</ref> [[Babylonia]] was now the dominant power in the region—which is to say, the known world from the point-of-view of the ancient [[Israel]]ites. Nebuchadnezzar had allowed Jehoiakim (who had been Necho's vassal) to remain on his throne, on condition that Jehoiakim should pay homage and tribute to Nebuchadnezzar, not Necho.<ref name=Ussher4>Ussher, ''op. cit.'', pghh. 775-6</ref> Jehoiakim had rebelled within three years, and perhaps the only reason why Nebuchadnezzar had not dealt with Jehoiakim at once was that Necho had challenged him one last time.<ref name=Wood/> Necho lost, and thus his influence in the region was at an end.<ref name=NoNecho>{{Bible ref|book=II_Kings|chap=24|verses=7|version=NASB}}</ref>
    
In any case, Nebuchadnezzar removed Jehoiakim by force of arms and installed Jehoiachin as king in his place.<ref name=acc>{{Bible ref|book=II_Kings|chap=24|verses=6|version=NASB}}</ref>
 
In any case, Nebuchadnezzar removed Jehoiakim by force of arms and installed Jehoiachin as king in his place.<ref name=acc>{{Bible ref|book=II_Kings|chap=24|verses=6|version=NASB}}</ref>
    
== Domestic Policy ==
 
== Domestic Policy ==
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Of Jehoiachin's specific domestic policy, the Bible says little, beyond declaring that he "did evil in the sight of [[YHWH]]" after the fashion of his father, Jehoiakim.<ref name=reign1/><ref name=reign2NIV/><ref name=HSI/><ref name=CCM/> But of the reaction of [[God]], the Bible says much. [[Jeremiah (prophet)|Jeremiah]] says that God wouldn't have fellowship with Jehoiachin if that man were God's own signet ring.<ref name=nosignet>{{Bible ref|book=Jeremiah|chap=22|verses=24|version=NASB}}</ref> God also regarded Jehoiachin as {{Bible quote|a despised, broken idol...a vessel wherein is no pleasure.|book=Jeremiah|chap=22|verses=28|version=KJV}} Jeremiah specifically predicted that Jehoiachin would be handed over to the man he most feared, the man who, according to all his advisers, wanted him dead: Nebuchadnezzar.<ref name=handover>{{Bible ref|book=Jeremiah|chap=22|verses=25|version=NASB}}</ref> Furthermore, Jehoiachin's mother would join him in exile, where they would both die.<ref name=exile>{{Bible ref|book=Jeremiah|chap=22|verses=26-27|version=NASB}}</ref> But by far the worst prophecy was this:{{Bible quote|Write ye this man childless, a man that shall not prosper in his days: for no man of his seed shall prosper, sitting upon the throne of David, and ruling any more in Judah.|book=Jeremiah|chap=22|verses=30|version=KJV}} This curse would have an effect that was somewhat further-reaching than Jehoiachin, perhaps, was able to appreciate.
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Of Jehoiachin's specific domestic policy, the Bible says little, beyond declaring that he "did evil in the sight of [[YHWH]]" after the fashion of his father, Jehoiakim.<ref name=reign1/><ref name=HSI/><ref name=CCM/><ref name=reign2NIV/> But of the reaction of [[God]], the Bible says much. [[Jeremiah (prophet)|Jeremiah]] says that God wouldn't have fellowship with Jehoiachin if that man were God's own signet ring.<ref name=nosignet>{{Bible ref|book=Jeremiah|chap=22|verses=24|version=NASB}}</ref> God also regarded Jehoiachin as {{Bible quote|a despised, broken idol...a vessel wherein is no pleasure.|book=Jeremiah|chap=22|verses=28|version=KJV}} Jeremiah specifically predicted that Jehoiachin would be handed over to the man he most feared, the man who, according to all his advisers, wanted him dead: Nebuchadnezzar.<ref name=handover>{{Bible ref|book=Jeremiah|chap=22|verses=25|version=NASB}}</ref> Furthermore, Jehoiachin's mother would join him in exile, where they would both die.<ref name=exile>{{Bible ref|book=Jeremiah|chap=22|verses=26-27|version=NASB}}</ref> But by far the worst prophecy was this:{{Bible quote|Write ye this man childless, a man that shall not prosper in his days: for no man of his seed shall prosper, sitting upon the throne of David, and ruling any more in Judah.|book=Jeremiah|chap=22|verses=30|version=KJV}} This curse would have an effect that was somewhat further-reaching than Jehoiachin, perhaps, was able to appreciate.
    
== Exile and Succession ==
 
== Exile and Succession ==
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All of Jeremiah's baleful prophecies came true. Nebuchadnezzar laid siege to [[Jerusalem]] yet again; the Chronicler says that he did this "when the year was expired" (presumably at the end of the month [[Adar]]).<ref name=yearend>{{Bible ref|book=II_Chronicles|chap=36|verses=10|version=KJV}}. The [[New International Version]] says "in the spring."</ref> Jehoiachin surrendered almost at once.<ref name=surrender>{{Bible ref|book=II_Kings|chap=24|verses=12|version=NASB}}</ref><ref name=HSI/> Nebuchadnezzar deported a total of ten thousand captives, including seven thousand soldiers, a thousand skilled craftsmen, and two thousand other prisoners also of military age. He also deported Jehoiachin himself, and Nehushta, and Jehoiachin's unnamed wives, and the magistrates, in addition to appropriating a large amount of treasure from the palace and from the [[Temple of Jerusalem]].<ref name=deport>{{Bible ref|book=II_Kings|chap=24|verses=13-16|version=NASB}}</ref><ref name=Ussher/><ref name=Britannica/><ref name=KingsofIsrael/><ref name=Wikipedia/><ref name=Infoplease/><ref name=WebBible/><ref name=HSI/>
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All of Jeremiah's baleful prophecies came true. Nebuchadnezzar laid siege to [[Jerusalem]] yet again; the Chronicler says that he did this "when the year was expired" (presumably at the end of the month [[Adar]]).<ref name=yearend>{{Bible ref|book=II_Chronicles|chap=36|verses=10|version=KJV}}. The [[New International Version]] says "in the spring."</ref> Jehoiachin surrendered almost at once.<ref name=HSI/><ref name=surrender>{{Bible ref|book=II_Kings|chap=24|verses=12|version=NASB}}</ref> Nebuchadnezzar deported a total of ten thousand captives, including seven thousand soldiers, a thousand skilled craftsmen, and two thousand other prisoners also of military age. He also deported Jehoiachin himself, and Nehushta, and Jehoiachin's unnamed wives, and the magistrates, in addition to appropriating a large amount of treasure from the palace and from the [[Temple of Jerusalem]].<ref name=Ussher/><ref name=Wikipedia/><ref name=Britannica/><ref name=KingsofIsrael/><ref name=Infoplease/><ref name=WebBible/><ref name=HSI/><ref name=deport>{{Bible ref|book=II_Kings|chap=24|verses=13-16|version=NASB}}</ref>
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Nebuchadnezzar left only the poorest of the poor in the land, and nominated Jehoiachin's uncle [[Zedekiah]] to be king in his place.<ref name=successor>{{Bible ref|book=II_Kings|chap=24|verses=17|version=NASB}}</ref><ref name=KingsofIsrael/><ref name=WebBible/><ref name=HSI/>
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Nebuchadnezzar left only the poorest of the poor in the land, and nominated Jehoiachin's uncle [[Zedekiah]] to be king in his place.<ref name=KingsofIsrael/><ref name=WebBible/><ref name=HSI/><ref name=successor>{{Bible ref|book=II_Kings|chap=24|verses=17|version=NASB}}</ref>
    
== Life in Exile and Eventual Death ==
 
== Life in Exile and Eventual Death ==
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When Nebuchadnezzar died, his son [[Evil-Merodach]] began to reign. Almost all authorities agree that this occurred in 562 BC. The Bible says that Jehoiachin had been a captive for thirty-seven years by then. Evil-Merodach had him released from prison and given a pension for the rest of his life.<ref name=pension>{{Bible ref|book=II_Kings|chap=25|verses=27-30|version=NASB}} {{Bible ref|book=Jeremiah|chap=52|verses=31-34|version=NASB}}</ref><ref name=Britannica/><ref name=KingsofIsrael/><ref name=Wikipedia/><ref name=Infoplease/><ref name=WebBible/><ref name=HSI/>
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When Nebuchadnezzar died, his son [[Evil-Merodach]] began to reign. Almost all authorities agree that this occurred in 562 BC. The Bible says that Jehoiachin had been a captive for thirty-seven years by then. Evil-Merodach had him released from prison and given a pension for the rest of his life.<ref name=Wikipedia/><ref name=Britannica/><ref name=KingsofIsrael/><ref name=Infoplease/><ref name=WebBible/><ref name=HSI/><ref name=pension>{{Bible ref|book=II_Kings|chap=25|verses=27-30|version=NASB}} {{Bible ref|book=Jeremiah|chap=52|verses=31-34|version=NASB}}</ref>
    
This probably did not last long, however. Evil-Merodach was murdered within two years by his brother-in-law [[Neriglissar]]. [[James Ussher|Ussher]] says that the only reasonable inference is that Jehoiachin was executed at that time.<ref name=UssherEnd>Ussher, ''op. cit.'', pgh. 900</ref>
 
This probably did not last long, however. Evil-Merodach was murdered within two years by his brother-in-law [[Neriglissar]]. [[James Ussher|Ussher]] says that the only reasonable inference is that Jehoiachin was executed at that time.<ref name=UssherEnd>Ussher, ''op. cit.'', pgh. 900</ref>
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== Controversies ==
 
== Controversies ==
 
=== Jehoiachin's Age ===
 
=== Jehoiachin's Age ===
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Jehoiachin's age-at-reign is a source of continuing controversy. The author of Kings says that Jehoiachin became king at eighteen.<ref name=reign1/> However, the original version of the Chronicles states that Jehoiachin was ''eight'' years old when he began to reign.<ref name=reign2KJV>{{Bible ref|book=II_Chronicles|chap=36|verses=9|version=KJV}}</ref><ref name=Wikipedia/>.
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Jehoiachin's age-at-reign is a source of continuing controversy. The author of Kings says that Jehoiachin became king at eighteen.<ref name=reign1/> However, the original version of the Chronicles states that Jehoiachin was ''eight'' years old when he began to reign.<ref name=Wikipedia/><ref name=reign2KJV>{{Bible ref|book=II_Chronicles|chap=36|verses=9|version=KJV}}</ref>
    
Almost no scholar assumes that Jehoiachin began a lone reign at the age of eight.<ref>Nor would this seem likely, considering that he had wives when he went into captivity.</ref> Ussher himself said that Jehoiachin was born eighteen years before his accession. Fred Butler, however, suggests that Jehoiachin could have begun to reign at the age of eight, with his mother as regent.<ref name=Butler/>
 
Almost no scholar assumes that Jehoiachin began a lone reign at the age of eight.<ref>Nor would this seem likely, considering that he had wives when he went into captivity.</ref> Ussher himself said that Jehoiachin was born eighteen years before his accession. Fred Butler, however, suggests that Jehoiachin could have begun to reign at the age of eight, with his mother as regent.<ref name=Butler/>
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The major point of controversy concerns the difference in Jehoiachin's reported age between the accounts given in [[II Kings]] and [[II Chronicles]]. Different authorities offer three possible resolutions:
 
The major point of controversy concerns the difference in Jehoiachin's reported age between the accounts given in [[II Kings]] and [[II Chronicles]]. Different authorities offer three possible resolutions:
   −
# The copyist who copied the Chronicles made an error--or to be more specific, an omission of the Hebrew letter ''yodh'' which stands for "ten."<ref name=Slick/><ref name=Wood/> That the [[New International Version]], perhaps drawing from the [[Septuagint]], changes the verse in Chronicles to bring it into accord with the verse in Kings,<ref name=reign2NIV/> might or might not be significant.<ref name=BSM>[http://www.biblestudymanuals.net/jehoiachin.htm Was Jehoiachin 8 or 18 Years Old When He Became King of Israel And Did He Rule for 3 Months or 3 Months and 10 Days?], BibleStudyManuals.net. Retrieved April 13, 2007</ref>
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# The copyist who copied the Chronicles made an error—or to be more specific, an omission of the Hebrew letter ''yodh'' which stands for "ten."<ref name=Wood/><ref name=Slick/> That the [[New International Version]], perhaps drawing from the [[Septuagint]], changes the verse in Chronicles to bring it into accord with the verse in Kings,<ref name=reign2NIV/> might or might not be significant.<ref name=BSM>[http://www.biblestudymanuals.net/jehoiachin.htm Was Jehoiachin 8 or 18 Years Old When He Became King of Israel And Did He Rule for 3 Months or 3 Months and 10 Days?], BibleStudyManuals.net. Retrieved April 13, 2007</ref>
 
# Two different men are in view as the antecedents of the two uses of the pronoun rendered "he" in English. The first of these is not Jehoiachin at all, but his father Jehoiakim. According to this suggestion, the verse in Chronicles should read, "Jehoiachin was eight years old when ''Jehoiakim'' began to reign, and ''Jehoiachin'' reigned for three months and ten days."<ref name=Butler/><ref name=Kinney/>
 
# Two different men are in view as the antecedents of the two uses of the pronoun rendered "he" in English. The first of these is not Jehoiachin at all, but his father Jehoiakim. According to this suggestion, the verse in Chronicles should read, "Jehoiachin was eight years old when ''Jehoiakim'' began to reign, and ''Jehoiachin'' reigned for three months and ten days."<ref name=Butler/><ref name=Kinney/>
 
# Jehoiachin was eight years old when he was made [[viceroy]] of the [[Southern Kingdom]], and became ''sole ruler'' at the age of eighteen.<ref name=Butler/><ref name=Slick/><ref name=Kinney/>
 
# Jehoiachin was eight years old when he was made [[viceroy]] of the [[Southern Kingdom]], and became ''sole ruler'' at the age of eighteen.<ref name=Butler/><ref name=Slick/><ref name=Kinney/>
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The Bible says that Nebuchadnezzar arrested Jehoiachin "in the eighth year of his reign."<ref name=surrender/> The Bible also says that Nebuchadnezzar's son [[Evil-Merodach]] began to reign "in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Jehoiachin king of Judah."<ref name=pension/> Both Ussher's and Thiele's chronologies agree on this first point. But the second creates a conflict. Ussher's system agrees with thirty-seven years for Jehoiachin's captivity, by assuming that Nebuchadnezzar began as viceroy in 607 BC, two years before his father died. But Thiele's system assumes that Nebuchadnezzar began to reign at 605 BC, in the same year that his father died. This requires one of three resolutions, none of which is attractive:
 
The Bible says that Nebuchadnezzar arrested Jehoiachin "in the eighth year of his reign."<ref name=surrender/> The Bible also says that Nebuchadnezzar's son [[Evil-Merodach]] began to reign "in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Jehoiachin king of Judah."<ref name=pension/> Both Ussher's and Thiele's chronologies agree on this first point. But the second creates a conflict. Ussher's system agrees with thirty-seven years for Jehoiachin's captivity, by assuming that Nebuchadnezzar began as viceroy in 607 BC, two years before his father died. But Thiele's system assumes that Nebuchadnezzar began to reign at 605 BC, in the same year that his father died. This requires one of three resolutions, none of which is attractive:
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# Jehoiachin's captivity did not last a full thirty-seven years--in other words, the copyists made yet another mistake.
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# Jehoiachin's captivity did not last a full thirty-seven years—in other words, the copyists made yet another mistake.
 
# Evil-Merodach had to wait for a two-year interregnum before solidifying his hold on the throne in [[Babylon]] after Nebuchadnezzar died.
 
# Evil-Merodach had to wait for a two-year interregnum before solidifying his hold on the throne in [[Babylon]] after Nebuchadnezzar died.
 
# The Biblical Evil-Merodach is not Nebuchadnezzar's son at all, but [[Neriglissar]], who murdered Evil-Merodach two years after Nebuchadnezzar had died.
 
# The Biblical Evil-Merodach is not Nebuchadnezzar's son at all, but [[Neriglissar]], who murdered Evil-Merodach two years after Nebuchadnezzar had died.
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== Genealogy of Jesus Christ ==
 
== Genealogy of Jesus Christ ==
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Jehoiachin, or rather his Greek name ''Jechonias'', is named twenty-eighth in the list of the ancestors of [[Joseph of Nazareth]].<ref name=Matthew>{{Bible ref|book=Matthew|chap=1|verses=11-12|version=NASB}}</ref><ref name=Wikipedia/> Jeremiah, however, reports that God directed him to "write this man childless."<ref name=childless>{{Bible ref|book=Jeremiah|chap=22|verses=30|version=KJV}}</ref> The resolution is that [[Jesus Christ]] was not a direct descendant of Jehoiachin at all, but rather descended from King [[David]] through a son of David different from King [[Solomon]]. At least one commentator, however, suggests that God had rescinded the curse two generations later.<ref name=menorah>Rachmiel Frydland, [http://www.menorah.org/mfjaz11.html Messiah to Descend from Jehoiachin and Zerubabel], ''What The Rabbis Know About The Messiah'', Messianic Literature Outreach. Retrieved April 13, 2007 from [http://www.menorah.org/ Menorah.org]</ref>
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Jehoiachin, or rather his Greek name ''Jechonias'', is named twenty-eighth in the list of the ancestors of [[Joseph of Nazareth]].<ref name=Wikipedia/><ref name=Matthew>{{Bible ref|book=Matthew|chap=1|verses=11-12|version=NASB}}</ref> Jeremiah, however, reports that God directed him to "write this man childless."<ref name=childless>{{Bible ref|book=Jeremiah|chap=22|verses=30|version=KJV}}</ref> The resolution is that [[Jesus Christ]] was not a direct descendant of Jehoiachin at all, but rather descended from King [[David]] through a son of David different from King [[Solomon]]. At least one commentator, however, suggests that God had rescinded the curse two generations later.<ref name=menorah>Rachmiel Frydland, [http://www.menorah.org/mfjaz11.html Messiah to Descend from Jehoiachin and Zerubabel], ''What The Rabbis Know About The Messiah'', Messianic Literature Outreach. Retrieved April 13, 2007 from [http://www.menorah.org/ Menorah.org]</ref>
    
== References and Notes ==
 
== References and Notes ==
 
{{reflist|2}}
 
{{reflist|2}}
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== See Also ==
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== See also ==
 
* [[Jehoiakim]]
 
* [[Jehoiakim]]
 
* [[Zedekiah]]
 
* [[Zedekiah]]
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