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The term '''extraordinary rendition''' is used to refer to a variety of practices involving the transfer of individuals from one country into another, without any form of judicial or administrative process such as extradition. These practices, often carried out in secret, include transferring [[War on Terror]] detainees into the custody of other states, taking custody of individuals from foreign authorities and abducting suspects on foreign soil, in contravention to the 1992 UN Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, and the draft International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance. There is ample evidence that this is a form of 'torture export'; while carrying out torture against suspected 'enemy combatants' would be dangerous on American soil (as it would make the US government directly responsible), if it takes place in another country, which has less image to lose on the subject of human rights, it is safer for American officials. <ref>http://web.amnesty.org/pages/stoptorture-yemencase1-eng

The term '''extraordinary rendition''' is used to refer to a variety of practices involving the transfer of individuals from one country into another, without any form of judicial or administrative process such as extradition. According to the [[American Civil Liberties Union]], the current policy in the U.S. traces its roots to the administration of former President Bill Clinton. <ref>[http://www.aclu.org/safefree/extraordinaryrendition/22203res20051206.html ACLU Fact Sheet: Extraordinary Rendition] (12/6/2005). </ref>  Beginning in the early 1990s the [[Central Intelligence Agency]], together with other U.S. government agencies, has utilized an intelligence-gathering program involving the transfer of detainees into the custody of other states, taking custody of individuals from foreign authorities and abducting suspects on foreign soil, in contravention to the 1992 UN Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, and the draft International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance. The process began with [[President Clinton]]'s approval of and Presidential Decision Directive 39 (PDD 39) <ref>[http://www.fas.org/irp/offdocs/pdd39.htm Clinton Presidential Decision Directive - 39] Counterterrorism Policy, 21 June 1995.</ref> on 21 June 1995.

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The Council of Europe has criticized several European countries for allegations of extraordinary renditions and secret detentions <ref>http://www.coe.int/NewsSearch/Default.asp?p=nwz&id=8806&lmLangue=1</ref>, as a severe breach of international law.

 

The Council of Europe has criticized several European countries for allegations of extraordinary renditions and secret detentions <ref>Council of Europe, [http://www.coe.int/NewsSearch/Default.asp?p=nwz&id=8806&lmLangue=1 ''Europe still lacks effective safeguards against rendition and secret detention''], 14/02/2007.</ref>, as a severe breach of international law.