Born in [[Moravia]] to a poor family, Comenius studied at Herborn and Heidelberg and became a rector and pastor in Moravia. He later moved to Lissa in Poland and became a bishop of his church.<ref name=eb>"Comenius, Johann Amos" (1911). ''Encyclopedia Britannica'' (11th ed., Cambridge, Cambridge University Press).</ref>
In the field of education, Comenius became famous for his work in organizing schools, formulating a general theory of education and writing textbooks.<ref name=nie>"Comenius, Johann Amos" (1905). ''New International Encyclopedia''(1st ed., New York, Dodd, Mead).</ref>
Comenius conceived and published a practical way of teaching languages, one edition of which in 1658 was the first children's picture book. He also published three history books about the [[Bohemia]]ns.<ref name=eb/>
With ''The Great Didactic'', completed in 1631,<ref name=nie/>, Comenius presented his theory of education, which promoted a democratic form of education<ref name=etw>Meiklejohn, Alexander (1942). ''Education between Two Worlds'' (New York: Harper and Bros.), book 1, ch. 2, pp. 20-21.</ref> centered in the liberal arts,<ref name=pp>Adler, Mortimer J. (1984). ''The Paideia Program'' (New York: Macmillan), p. v.</ref> but including the instilling of piety and morals.<ref name=gd>Comenius, Johann Amos (1633). ''The Great Didactic'', translated by M. W. Keating (London: Adam and Charles Black, 1907), ch. XXIII-XXIV, pp. 211-230.</ref> He purported to use the scientific method in his conception of education. The ''Encyclopedia Americana'' believed he succeeded in co-ordinating a sound theory of educational ideals in spite of a lack of scientific rigor,<ref name=ea>"Comenius, Johann Amos" (1920). ''Encyclopedia Americana''(New York: The Encyclopedia Americana Corporation).</ref> but the ''New International Encyclopedia'' believed he faithfully followed in the footsteps of [[Francis Bacon]]'s application of a new scientific method to the subject of educational theory.<ref name=nie/> Comenius was also one of the first to advocate the teaching of science in school.<ref name=eb/>
In his lifetime, Comenius enjoyed an exalted reputation in educational theory, but was denied the opportunity of executing it on a large scale on behalf of important audiences interested in seeing it applied in their spheres of influence. He was invited by British Parliament to use his theories to reform the schooling of Great Britain, but the use of his methods lost out through Parliament using [[John Locke]]'s prescribed methods instead.<ref>Meiklejohn, pp. 13-14.</ref>
==''The Great Didactic'' (1633)==
Comenius' introduction to ''The Great Didactic'' reads:<ref name=gd>Comenius, p. 4.</ref>
:''Let the main object of this, our Didactic, be as follows: To seek and to find a method of instruction, by which teachers may teach less, but learners may learn more; by which schools may be the scene of less noise, aversion, and useless labour, but of more leisure, enjoyment, and solid progress; and through which the Christian community may have less darkness, perplexity, and dissension, but on the other hand more light, orderliness, peace, and rest.''
:That thy way may be known upon earth, thy saving health among all nations.—Psalm lxvii. 1, 2.
Comenius believed education should imitate nature (the world of living things) and derived nine principles of nature to be the subject of imitation for learning:<ref name=gd>Comenius, ch. XVI, pp. 111-126.</ref>
#Nature obseves a suitable time.
#Nature carefully avoids obstacles and things likely to cause hurt.
==References==
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