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[[File:CMD-on-Win7.jpg|350px|thumbnail|Command Prompt in [[Windows 7]]]]
'''Command Prompt''' is the name for the program provided with the [[Windows]] [[operating system]] which allows the user to access the [[computer shell]], that is, a text-based (command-line) control system.
'''Command Prompt''' is the name for the program provided with the [[Windows]] [[operating system]] which allows the user to access the [[computer shell]], that is, a text-based (command-line) control system.
==About Commands==
==About Commands==
These commands are applicable in [[Windows 7]] [[operating system]]s and later
These commands are generally applicable in [[Windows 7]] [[operating system]]s and later
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! Command !! Function!!Notes
! Command !! Function !! Notes
|-
|-
| ASSOC|| Displays or modifies file extension associations.
| ASSOC|| Displays or modifies file extension associations.||
|-
|-
| ATTRIB|| Displays or changes file attributes.
| ATTRIB|| Displays or changes file attributes.||style="width:200px" |
|-
|-
| BREAK|| Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking.
| BREAK|| Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking.||
|-
|-
| BCDEDIT|| Sets properties in boot database to control boot loading.
| BCDEDIT|| Sets properties in boot database to control boot loading.|| Edit the computer's bootloader
|-
|-
| CACLS|| Displays or modifies access control lists (ACLs) of files.
| CACLS|| Displays or modifies access control lists (ACLs) of files.||
|-
|-
| CALL|| Calls one batch program from another.
| CALL|| Calls one batch program from another.|| Similar to "Start," except the called file is run in the same window
|-
|-
| CD|| Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
| CD|| Displays the name of or changes the current directory.||
|-
|-
| CHCP|| Displays or sets the active code page number.
| CHCP|| Displays or sets the active code page number.||
|-
|-
| CHDIR|| Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
| CHDIR|| Displays the name of or changes the current directory.||
|-
|-
| CHKDSK|| Checks a disk and displays a status report.||Sometimes used instead of the [[Graphic User Interface| GUI]] check-disk option since it provides information about problems found, and which ones where fixed (if /R is used)
| CHKDSK|| Checks a disk and displays a status report.||Sometimes used instead of the [[Graphic User Interface|GUI]] check-disk option since it provides information about problems found, and which ones where fixed (if /R is used)
|-
|-
| CHKNTFS|| Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time.
| CHKNTFS|| Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time.||
|-
|-
| CLS|| Clears the screen.
| CLS|| Clears the screen.||
|-
|-
| CMD|| Starts a new instance of the Windows command interpreter.
| CMD|| Starts a new instance of the Windows command interpreter.||
|-
|-
| COLOR|| Sets the default console foreground and background colors.
| COLOR|| Sets the default console foreground and background colors.||
|-
|-
| COMP|| Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.
| COMP|| Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.||
|-
|-
| COMPACT|| Displays or alters the compression of files on NTFS partitions.
| COMPACT|| Displays or alters the compression of files on NTFS partitions.||
|-
|-
| CONVERT|| Converts FAT volumes to NTFS. You cannot convert the current drive.
| CONVERT|| Converts FAT volumes to NTFS. You cannot convert the current drive.||
|-
|-
| COPY|| Copies one or more files to another location.||For more options, see XCOPY
| COPY|| Copies one or more files to another location.||For more options, see XCOPY
|-
|-
| DATE|| Displays or sets the date.
| DATE|| Displays or sets the date.||
|-
|-
| DEL|| Deletes one or more files.||Same as the ERASE command
| DEL|| Deletes one or more files.||Same as the ERASE command
|-
|-
| DIR|| Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory.||For a more organized layout, use TREE
| DIR|| Displays a list of files and sub-directories in a directory.||For a more organized layout, use TREE
|-
|-
| DISKCOMP|| Compares the contents of two floppy disks.
| DISKCOMP|| Compares the contents of two floppy disks.||
|-
|-
| DISKCOPY|| Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another.
| DISKCOPY|| Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another.||
|-
|-
| DISKPART|| Displays or configures Disk Partition properties.
| DISKPART|| Displays or configures Disk Partition properties.||
|-
|-
| DOSKEY|| Edits command lines, recalls Windows commands, and creates macros.
| DOSKEY|| Edits command lines, recalls Windows commands, and creates macros.||
|-
|-
| DRIVERQUERY|| Displays current device driver status and properties.
| DRIVERQUERY|| Displays current device driver status and properties.||
|-
|-
| ECHO|| Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.
| ECHO|| Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.||
|-
|-
| ENDLOCAL|| Ends localization of environment changes in a batch file.
| ENDLOCAL|| Ends localization of environment changes in a batch file.||
|-
|-
| ERASE|| Deletes one or more files.||Same as the DEL command
| ERASE|| Deletes one or more files.||Same as the DEL command
|-
|-
| EXIT|| Quits the CMD.EXE program (command interpreter).
| EXIT|| Quits the CMD.EXE program (command interpreter).||
|-
|-
| FC|| Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the differences between them.
| FC|| Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the differences between them.||
|-
|-
| FIND|| Searches for a text string in a file or files.||For more options, try FINDSTR (below)
| FIND|| Searches for a text string in a file or files.||For more options, try FINDSTR (below)
|-
|-
| FINDSTR|| Searches for strings in files.
| FINDSTR|| Searches for strings in files.||Useful for retrieving information saved to a file and setting it to a variable. Unlike PRINT, the retrieved data is readily usable
|-
|-
| FOR|| Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.
| FOR|| Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.||
|-
|-
| FORMAT|| Formats a disk for use with Windows.
| FORMAT|| Formats a disk for use with Windows.||
|-
|-
| FSUTIL|| Displays or configures the file system properties.
| FSUTIL|| Displays or configures the file system properties.||
|-
|-
| FTYPE|| Displays or modifies file types used in file extension associations.
| FTYPE|| Displays or modifies file types used in file extension associations.||
|-
|-
| GOTO|| Directs the Windows command interpreter to a labeled line in a batch program.
| GOTO|| Directs the Windows command interpreter to a labeled line in a batch program.||
|-
|-
| GPRESULT|| Displays Group Policy information for machine or user.
| GPRESULT|| Displays Group Policy information for machine or user.||
|-
|-
| GRAFTABL|| Enables Windows to display an extended character set in graphics mode.
| GRAFTABL|| Enables Windows to display an extended character set in graphics mode.||
|-
|-
| HELP|| Provides Help information for Windows commands.||This is where most or all of this list came from
| HELP|| Provides Help information for Windows commands.||This is where most or all of this list came from
|-
|-
| ICACLS|| Display, modify, backup, or restore ACLs for files and directories.
| ICACLS|| Display, modify, backup, or restore ACLs for files and directories.||
|-
|-
| IF|| Performs conditional processing in batch programs.
| IF|| Performs conditional processing in batch programs.||
|-
|-
| LABEL|| Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk.
| LABEL|| Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk.||
|-
|-
| MD|| Creates a directory.||Same as MKDIR
| MD|| Creates a directory.||Same as MKDIR
| MKDIR|| Creates a directory.||Same as MD
| MKDIR|| Creates a directory.||Same as MD
|-
|-
| MKLINK|| Creates Symbolic Links and Hard Links||Same as MD
| MKLINK|| Creates Symbolic Links and Hard Links||
|-
|-
| MODE|| Configures a system device.
| MODE|| Configures a system device.||
|-
|-
| MORE|| Displays output one screen at a time.||Auto-applies the PAUSE command when the screen fills
| MORE|| Displays output one screen at a time.||Auto-applies the PAUSE command when the screen fills
| MOVE|| Moves one or more files from one directory to another directory.||XCOPY offers more options
| MOVE|| Moves one or more files from one directory to another directory.||XCOPY offers more options
|-
|-
| OPENFILES|| Displays files opened by remote users for a file share.
| OPENFILES|| Displays files opened by remote users for a file share.||
|-
|-
| PATH|| Displays or sets a search path for executable files.
| PATH|| Displays or sets a search path for executable files.||
|-
|-
| PAUSE|| Suspends processing of a batch file and displays a message.
| PAUSE|| Suspends processing of a batch file and displays a message.||
|-
|-
| POPD|| Restores the previous value of the current directory saved by PUSHD.
| POPD|| Restores the previous value of the current directory saved by PUSHD.||
|-
|-
| PRINT|| Prints a text file (to screen).
| PRINT|| Prints a text file (to screen).||Retrieved data must be piped to be used as a variable. If anything other than simple output is required, see FINDSTR
|-
|-
| PROMPT|| Changes the Windows command prompt.
| PROMPT|| Changes the Windows command prompt.||
|-
|-
| PUSHD|| Saves the current directory then changes it.||Change the working directory
| PUSHD|| Saves the current directory then changes it.||Change the working directory||
|-
|-
| RD|| Removes a directory.||Use the "/s" switch if it has sub-directories, or this will fail. Same function as RMDIR
| RD|| Removes a directory.||Use the "/s" switch if it has sub-directories, or this will fail. Same function as RMDIR
|-
|-
| RECOVER|| Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk.
| RECOVER|| Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk.||
|-
|-
| REM|| Records comments (remarks) in batch files or CONFIG.SYS.
| REM|| Records comments (remarks) in batch files or CONFIG.SYS.||
|-
|-
| REN|| Renames a file or files.||Same as RENAME (below)
| REN|| Renames a file or files.||Same as RENAME (below)
| RENAME|| Renames a file or files.||Same as REN (above)
| RENAME|| Renames a file or files.||Same as REN (above)
|-
|-
| REPLACE|| Replaces files.
| REPLACE|| Replaces files.||
|-
|-
| RMDIR|| Removes a directory.||Use the "/s" switch if it has sub-directories, or this will fail. Same function as RD
| RMDIR|| Removes a directory.||Use the "/s" switch if it has sub-directories, or this will fail. Same function as RD
|-
|-
| ROBOCOPY|| Advanced utility to copy files and directory trees
| ROBOCOPY|| Advanced utility to copy files and directory trees||
|-
|-
| SET|| Displays, sets, or removes Windows environment variables.
| SET|| Displays, sets, or removes Windows environment variables.||
|-
|-
| SETX|| Set environment variables||Somewhat similar to SET
| SETX|| Set environment variables||Somewhat similar to SET
|-
|-
| SETLOCAL|| Begins localization of environment changes in a batch file.
| SETLOCAL|| Begins localization of environment changes in a batch file.||
|-
|-
| SC|| Displays or configures services (background processes).
| SC|| Displays or configures services (background processes).||
|-
|-
| SCHTASKS|| Schedules commands and programs to run on a computer.
| SCHTASKS|| Schedules commands and programs to run on a computer.||
|-
|-
| SHIFT|| Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files.
| SHIFT|| Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files.||
|-
|-
| SHUTDOWN|| Allows proper local or remote shutdown, restart, or logoff
| SHUTDOWN|| Allows proper local or remote shutdown, restart, or logoff||
|-
|-
| SORT|| Sorts input.
| SORT|| Sorts input.||
|-
|-
| START|| Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command.
| START|| Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command.||
|-
|-
| SUBST|| Associates a path with a drive letter.
| SUBST|| Associates a path with a drive letter .||
|-
|-
| SYSTEMINFO|| Displays machine specific properties and configuration.
| SYSTEMINFO|| Displays machine specific properties and configuration.||
|-
|-
| TASKLIST|| Displays all currently running tasks including services.
| TASKLIST|| Displays all currently running tasks including services.||
|-
|-
| TASKKILL|| Kill or stop a running process or application.||Use TASKLIST if you need to check the exact name. Always include the program file extension, like ".exe"
| TASKKILL|| Kill or stop a running process or application.||Use TASKLIST if you need to check the exact name. Always include the program file extension, like ".exe"
| TIME|| Displays or sets the system time.||In older [[Windows]] versions, the /d switch would show the date
| TIME|| Displays or sets the system time.||In older [[Windows]] versions, the /d switch would show the date
|-
|-
| TITLE|| Sets the window title for a CMD.EXE session.
| TIMEOUT|| Waits a set amount of time before continuing||By default, a key may be pressed to skip the delay. However, the /NOBREAK switch may be used to force the delay without a skip option. Also, using -t -1 is the same as PAUSE
|-
| TITLE|| Sets the window title for a CMD.EXE session.||
|-
|-
| TREE|| Graphically displays the directory structure of a drive or path.||Similar in function to DIR
| TREE|| Graphically displays the directory structure of a drive or path.||Similar in function to DIR
|-
|-
| TYPE|| Displays the contents of a text file.
| TYPE|| Displays the contents of a text file.||
|-
|-
| VER|| Displays the Windows version.
| VER|| Displays the Windows version.|| This information is also shown when Command Prompt is opened.
|-
|-
| VERIFY|| Tells Windows whether to verify that your files are written correctly to a disk.
| VERIFY|| Tells Windows whether to verify that your files are written correctly to a disk.|| On most computers, the default is ''off''
|-
|-
| VOL|| Displays a disk volume label and serial number.
| VOL|| Displays a disk volume label and serial number.||
|-
|-
| XCOPY|| Copies files and directory trees.||Can be used for move or copy, and offers a lot of options.
| XCOPY|| Copies files and directory trees.||Can be used for move or copy, and offers a lot of options.
|-
|-
| WMIC|| Displays WMI information inside interactive command shell.
| WMIC|| Displays WMI information inside interactive command shell.||
|}<ref>[[Windows 7]] Command Prompt - "help" command</ref>
|}<ref>[[Windows 7]] Command Prompt - "help" command</ref>
''Most of these and/or other commands specific to your system can be viewed by entering the word "help" into the command-line''
''Most of these and/or other commands specific to your system can be viewed by entering the word "help" into the command-line''
For almost any command, one may enter and forward slash followed by a question mark (/?) after a base command to see addition information, generally including a description, syntax, and switches (with a description of each)
For almost any command, one may enter and forward slash followed by a question mark (/?) after a base command to see additional information, generally including a description, syntax, and switches (with a description of each)
==Variables==
Variables are locations where data may be temporally stored on the [[Random-access memory|RAM]] for use within a program or in this case, batch file or CMD session. When variable are set in CMD, the name is listed by it self (like <code>set variable=10</code>) When referenced, however, percent signs are placed on each side (like <code>echo The value is %variable%</code>)
==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
==External Links==
==See also==
[http://ss64.com/nt More complete command list on ss64.com]
[[Conhost.exe]]
==External links==
* [http://ss64.com/nt More complete command list on ss64.com]
[[Category:Command-Line]]
[[Category:Software]]