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'''Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan ''' "المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية" also know as Jordan "الأردنّ" is a constitutional monarchy in the [[Middle East]]. It borders [[Syria]] to the north, [[Saudi Arabia]] to the southwest, [[Iraq]] to the east, and [[Israel]] and the palestinian territories (west bank) to the west. Along with Israel, Jordan borders the [[Dead Sea]].  

'''Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan ''' "المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية" also known as Jordan "الأردنّ" is a constitutional monarchy in the [[Middle East]]. It borders [[Syria]] to the north, [[Saudi Arabia]] to the southwest, [[Iraq]] to the east, and [[Israel]] and the Palestinian territories (west bank) to the west. Along with Israel, Jordan borders the [[Dead Sea]].  

==People==

==People==

*Minister of Defense—Nader Al-Thahabi

*Minister of Defense—Nader Al-Thahabi

*Foreign Minister—Abdelelah al-Khatib

*Foreign Minister—Abdelelah al-Khatib

*Ambassador to the UN—Charge d'affaires Bashir Zubi

*Ambassador to the UN—Chargé d'affaires Bashir Zubi

===Political Conditions===

===Political Conditions===

King Abdullah II succeeded his father Hussein following the latter's death in February 1999. Abdullah moved quickly to reaffirm Jordan's peace treaty with Israel and its relations with the U.S. Abdullah, during his first year in power, refocused the government's agenda on economic reform.  

King Abdullah II succeeded his father Hussein following the latter's death in February 1999. Abdullah moved quickly to reaffirm Jordan's peace treaty with Israel and its relations with the U.S. Abdullah, during his first year in power, refocused the government's agenda on economic reform.  

Jordan's continuing structural economic difficulties, burgeoning population, and more open political environment led to the emergence of a variety of political parties. Moving toward greater independence, Jordan's Parliament has investigated corruption charges against several regime figures and has become the major forum in which differing political views, including those of political Islamists, are expressed. In June 2001, the King dissolved Parliament. Parliamentary elections were held in June 2003, and municipal elections were held in July 2003. The King appointed the former Prime Minister, Marouf Bakhit, in December 2005. Bakhit and his cabinet have set as their goal the continued legislative implementation of a ten-year reform plan, known as the National Agenda, drafted by a royal commission in 2005. The King also charged the new cabinet with strengthening Jordan's security following the November 2005 suicide hotel bombings in Amman that killed 60. New elections took place in 2007 in both the governates and the parliment, and the new primeminister Mr. [[Nader Al-Thahabi]] was apointed in November 2007.

Jordan's continuing structural economic difficulties, burgeoning population, and more open political environment led to the emergence of a variety of political parties. Moving toward greater independence, Jordan's Parliament has investigated corruption charges against several regime figures and has become the major forum in which differing political views, including those of political Islamists, are expressed. In June 2001, the King dissolved Parliament. Parliamentary elections were held in June 2003, and municipal elections were held in July 2003. The King appointed the former Prime Minister, Marouf Bakhit, in December 2005. Bakhit and his cabinet have set as their goal the continued legislative implementation of a ten-year reform plan, known as the National Agenda, drafted by a royal commission in 2005. The King also charged the new cabinet with strengthening Jordan's security following the November 2005 suicide hotel bombings in Amman that killed 60. New elections took place in 2007 in both the governates and the parliament, and the new primeminister Mr. [[Nader Al-Thahabi]] was appointed in November 2007.

===Foreign Relations===

===Foreign Relations===

Transjordan was one of the Arab states which moved to assist Palestinian nationalists opposed to the creation of Israel in May 1948, and took part in the warfare between the Arab states and the newly founded State of Israel. The armistice agreements of April 3, 1949 left Jordan in control of the West Bank and provided that the armistice demarcation lines were without prejudice to future territorial settlements or boundary lines.  

Transjordan was one of the Arab states which moved to assist Palestinian nationalists opposed to the creation of Israel in May 1948, and took part in the warfare between the Arab states and the newly founded State of Israel. The armistice agreements of April 3, 1949 left Jordan in control of the West Bank and provided that the armistice demarcation lines were without prejudice to future territorial settlements or boundary lines.  

In 1956, the country gained it's full indipendence from the British and became the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan to include those portions of Palestine annexed by [[King Abdullah I]]. While recognizing Jordanian administration over the West Bank, the United States maintained the position that ultimate sovereignty was subject to future agreement.  

In 1956, the country gained it's full independence from the British and became the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan to include those portions of Palestine annexed by [[King Abdullah I]]. While recognizing Jordanian administration over the West Bank, the United States maintained the position that ultimate sovereignty was subject to future agreement.  

Jordan signed a mutual defense pact in May 1967 with Egypt, and it participated in the [[Six Day War|June 1967 war]] against Israel. During the war, Israel gained control of the West Bank and all of Jerusalem. In 1989, Jordan renounced all claims to the West Bank but retained an administrative role pending a final settlement, and its 1994 treaty with Israel allowed for a continuing Jordanian role in Muslim holy places in Jerusalem. The U.S. Government considers the West Bank to be territory occupied by Israel and believes that its final status should be determined through direct negotiations among the parties concerned on the basis of [[UN]] [[Security Council Resolution 242|Security Council Resolutions 242]] and [[Security Council Resolution 338|338]].  

Jordan signed a mutual defense pact in May 1967 with Egypt, and it participated in the [[Six Day War|June 1967 war]] against Israel. During the war, Israel gained control of the West Bank and all of Jerusalem. In 1989, Jordan renounced all claims to the West Bank but retained an administrative role pending a final settlement, and its 1994 treaty with Israel allowed for a continuing Jordanian role in Muslim holy places in Jerusalem. The U.S. Government considers the West Bank to be territory occupied by Israel and believes that its final status should be determined through direct negotiations among the parties concerned on the basis of [[UN]] [[Security Council Resolution 242|Security Council Resolutions 242]] and [[Security Council Resolution 338|338]].  

In 1968, the Israeli army attacked the area in western Jordan to hit [[fedayeen]] controled areas and to take control of the Salt hights in central Jordan, a battle erupted in the Jordanian valley between the Israeli troops and the Jordanian army, which led the Israelis to withraw from the area.

In 1968, the Israeli army attacked the area in western Jordan to hit [[fedayeen]] controlled areas and to take control of the Salt hights in central Jordan, a battle erupted in the Jordanian valley between the Israeli troops and the Jordanian army, which led the Israelis to withraw from the area.

The 1967 war led not only to a loss of a huge part of land under Jordan's control (the West Bank), but also a dramatic increase in the number of Palestinians living in the remainder of Jordan due to an inclusion of refugees. Its Palestinian refugee population—700,000 in 1966—grew by another 300,000 from the West Bank. The period following the 1967 war saw an upsurge in the power and importance of Palestinian resistance elements (fedayeen) in Jordan. The heavily armed fedayeen constituted a growing threat to the sovereignty and security of the Hashemite state, and open fighting erupted in June 1970.  

The 1967 war led not only to a loss of a huge part of land under Jordan's control (the West Bank), but also a dramatic increase in the number of Palestinians living in the remainder of Jordan due to an inclusion of refugees. Its Palestinian refugee population—700,000 in 1966—grew by another 300,000 from the West Bank. The period following the 1967 war saw an upsurge in the power and importance of Palestinian resistance elements (fedayeen) in Jordan. The heavily armed fedayeen constituted a growing threat to the sovereignty and security of the Hashemite state, and open fighting erupted in June 1970.