Changes

Testers classified people as idiots, imbeciles, morons, normal, above average, and geniuses on a numerical scale based on [[mental age]]. For children, dividing the mental age by chronological age produces the [[intelligence quotient]] (IQ) used for placement in slow or rapid classes.  

Testers classified people as idiots, imbeciles, morons, normal, above average, and geniuses on a numerical scale based on [[mental age]]. For children, dividing the mental age by chronological age produces the [[intelligence quotient]] (IQ) used for placement in slow or rapid classes.  

The study based on survey data from 702 Nordic research works concludes that a typical neuropsychologist used 9 tests in a standard assessment, and 25 tests overall in their practice. The selection of tests to use has been influenced by nationality, competence level, practice profile, and by attitude toward test selection. Testing patients with psychiatric disorders was associated with more tests.<ref>Egeland J, Løvstad M, Norup A, Nybo T, Persson BA6, Rivera DF, Schanke AK, Sigurdardottir S, Arango-Lasprilla J. (2016). Following international trends while subject to past traditions: neuropsychological test use in the Nordic countries. Clin Neuropsychol. Sep 27:1-22. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27670676]</ref> The average IQ scores for many populations have been rising at an average rate of three points per decade since the early 20th century ([[Flynn effect]]). It is not clear if whether "people are getting more and more clever" or just there are differences between past and current testing. <ref name="DickensFlynn2001">

The study based on survey data from 702 Nordic research works concludes that a typical neuropsychologist used 9 tests in a standard assessment, and 25 tests overall in their practice. The selection of tests to use has been influenced by nationality, competence level, practice profile, and by attitude toward test selection. Testing patients with psychiatric disorders was associated with more tests.<ref>Egeland J, Løvstad M, Norup A, Nybo T, Persson BA6, Rivera DF, Schanke AK, Sigurdardottir S, Arango-Lasprilla J. (2016). Following international trends while subject to past traditions: neuropsychological test use in the Nordic countries. Clin Neuropsychol. Sep 27:1-22. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27670676]</ref> The average IQ scores for many populations have been rising at an average rate of three points per decade since the early 20th century ([[Flynn effect]]). It is not clear if whether "people are getting more and more clever" or just there are differences between past and current testing.<ref name="DickensFlynn2001">

William T. Dickens and James R. Flynn, [http://www.apa.org/journals/features/rev1082346.pdf Heritability Estimates Versus Large Environmental Effects:The IQ Paradox Resolved], ''Psychological Review'' 2001. Vol. 108, No. 2. 346-369.

William T. Dickens and James R. Flynn, [http://www.apa.org/journals/features/rev1082346.pdf Heritability Estimates Versus Large Environmental Effects:The IQ Paradox Resolved], ''Psychological Review'' 2001. Vol. 108, No. 2. 346-369.

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After nearly a century of IQ testing and [[educational reform]]s, some researchers have begun to assert that IQ can be influenced by the child's environment by as much as 30 points.<ref>3 weeks of intensive play of WFF 'N PROOF: The Game of Modern Logic increased average IQ scores by more than 20 points. [http://wffnproof.com/]</ref> See [[Educational games]].  

After nearly a century of IQ testing and [[educational reform]]s, some researchers have begun to assert that IQ can be influenced by the child's environment by as much as 30 points.<ref>3 weeks of intensive play of WFF 'N PROOF: The Game of Modern Logic increased average IQ scores by more than 20 points. [http://wffnproof.com/]</ref> See [[Educational games]].  

A 1976 year study that covered 258 children (IQ between 80 and 119) finally concluded that the major correlating factor is "a favorable parental social and educational background" <ref>Fisch RO, Bilek MK, Horrobin JM, Chang PN (1976) Children with superior intelligence at 7 years of age: a prospective study of the influence of perinatal, medical, and socioeconomic factors. Am J Dis Child. 1976 May;130(5):481-7. Abstract available at

A 1976-year study that covered 258 children (IQ between 80 and 119) finally concluded that the major correlating factor is "a favorable parental social and educational background".<ref>Fisch RO, Bilek MK, Horrobin JM, Chang PN (1976) Children with superior intelligence at 7 years of age: a prospective study of the influence of perinatal, medical, and socioeconomic factors. Am J Dis Child. 1976 May;130(5):481-7. Abstract available at

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1274898</ref>. The more recent 2016 year study also showed that the measured IQ potential is significantly lower in developing countries. <ref name='kodila'>Kodila-Tedika O1, Asongu SA2, Azia-Dimbu F3. (2016) J Biosoc Sci. 2016 May 26:1-13, available at [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2661437]

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1274898</ref> The more recent 2016-year study also showed that the measured IQ potential is significantly lower in developing countries.<ref name='kodila'>Kodila-Tedika O1, Asongu SA2, Azia-Dimbu F3. (2016) J Biosoc Sci. 2016 May 26:1-13, available at [https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2661437]

Statistics and intelligence in developing countries</ref> and increases after the national statistics improves (<ref name='kodila'/> references [[Nigeria]] and [[Kenya]]).  

Statistics and intelligence in developing countries</ref> and increases after the national statistics improves (<ref name='kodila'/> references [[Nigeria]] and [[Kenya]]).