An intense debate on ratification pitted the '''"Federalists"''' against the '''"Anti-Federalists,"''' with the former gaining the upper hand. The Anti-Federalists were deeply concerned about the theoretical danger of a strong central government (like that of Britain) that some day could ruin [[Republicanism]] and usurp the rights of the states. Madison and Hamilton (joined by [[John Jay]]) countered with a series of newspaper essays, the [[Federalist Papers]], that helped New York to ratify. All the states ratified but as a condition, the Anti-Federalists insisted on a bill of rights which would meet most of their serious objections. The supporters of the Constitution agreed (and the [[Bill of Rights]] became part of the Constitution in 1791). The Anti-Federalist element had never comprised an organized group, and had no national leaders. By 1791 its issues were moot; some left politics, and most joined the Jeffersonian Republican Party by 1796.<ref>Morris ''The Forging of the Union: 1781-1789'' pp 298-322.</ref> | An intense debate on ratification pitted the '''"Federalists"''' against the '''"Anti-Federalists,"''' with the former gaining the upper hand. The Anti-Federalists were deeply concerned about the theoretical danger of a strong central government (like that of Britain) that some day could ruin [[Republicanism]] and usurp the rights of the states. Madison and Hamilton (joined by [[John Jay]]) countered with a series of newspaper essays, the [[Federalist Papers]], that helped New York to ratify. All the states ratified but as a condition, the Anti-Federalists insisted on a bill of rights which would meet most of their serious objections. The supporters of the Constitution agreed (and the [[Bill of Rights]] became part of the Constitution in 1791). The Anti-Federalist element had never comprised an organized group, and had no national leaders. By 1791 its issues were moot; some left politics, and most joined the Jeffersonian Republican Party by 1796.<ref>Morris ''The Forging of the Union: 1781-1789'' pp 298-322.</ref> |