Difference between revisions of "Marburg Colloquy"
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===Political impetus and initiation of colloquy=== | ===Political impetus and initiation of colloquy=== | ||
| − | In the second Diet of Speyer in April 1529, a Roman Catholic majority passed a resolution against the Reformation.<ref name="Britannica">[https://www.britannica.com/event/Colloquy-of-Marburg Colloquy of Marburg]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Retrieved December 24, 2016.</ref> Philip, the landgrave of [[Hesse]], believed this to be a threat to survival of Protestantism and believed a Protestant political alliance was necessary to protect against any threats.<ref name="Britannica"/> Because the theological disagreement over the Eucharist among Protestants, which had existed since 1524, was preventing such alliances, Philip called the colloquy in order to resolve the issue and clear the way for an alliance.<ref name="Britannica"/> | + | In the second Diet of Speyer in April 1529, a Roman Catholic majority passed a resolution against the Reformation.<ref name="Britannica">[https://www.britannica.com/event/Colloquy-of-Marburg Colloquy of Marburg]. ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. Retrieved December 24, 2016.</ref><ref name="TurningPoint">Heydt, Bruce (2004). [https://www.christianhistoryinstitute.org/magazine/article/turning-point-luthers-lost-opportunity/ Turning Point: Luther’s Lost Opportunity]. ''Christian History Institute'' (originally in ''Christian History'' Issue 81, 2004). Retrieved December 24, 2016.</ref> Philip, the landgrave of [[Hesse]], believed this to be a threat to survival of Protestantism and believed a Protestant political alliance was necessary to protect against any threats.<ref name="Britannica"/> Because the theological disagreement over the Eucharist among Protestants, which had existed since 1524, was preventing such alliances, Philip called the colloquy in order to resolve the issue and clear the way for an alliance.<ref name="Britannica"/><ref name="TurningPoint"/> |
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| + | ==The debate== | ||
| + | The colloquy took place from October 1-4, 1529.<ref name="Britannica"/> Luther and Zwingli were the main representatives for their respective viewpoints.<ref name="TurningPoint"/> In addition, other important figures in the debates were [[Philipp Melanchthon]], [[John Oecolampadius]], and [[Martin Bucer]].<ref name="Britannica"/> These people held discussions prior to the debates, which included numerous people, including Philip of Hesse, Duke Ulrich of [[Württemberg]], numerous delegates from participating states, and about 60 guests.<ref name="Britannica"/> While Zwingli willingly and eagerly participated, Luther did not wish to attend,<ref name="Christianity.com"/> and he only went after Melanchthon convinced him to.<ref name="TurningPoint"/> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 03:51, December 25, 2016
The Marburg Colloquy was a major debate of the Protestant Reformation that was held between October 1-4, 1529. It was over the Eucharist and was held in the town of Marburg, in modern-day Germany, between various Reformers. Although the Reformers agreed on nearly every doctrinal issue, they were strongly divided over the Eucharist, and the Marburg Colloquy did not solve this disagreement.
Background
Theological background
By the time of the Reformation, the Roman Catholic Church adhered to the doctrine of transubstantiation, which teaches that the bread and wine of communion would literally become the body and blood of Jesus Christ.[1] Due to the lack of a biblical basis for this doctrine, it was rejected by the Reformers.[1] Despite this, however, they were not united on the issue. Some Reformers, such as Martin Luther believed that Christ's body is present in and with the elements, but not physically.[1][2] Others, such as Ulrich Zwingli believed that communion is a memorial and a sign, and that Christ is spiritually—but not physically—present in the elements.[1][3]
Political impetus and initiation of colloquy
In the second Diet of Speyer in April 1529, a Roman Catholic majority passed a resolution against the Reformation.[4][5] Philip, the landgrave of Hesse, believed this to be a threat to survival of Protestantism and believed a Protestant political alliance was necessary to protect against any threats.[4] Because the theological disagreement over the Eucharist among Protestants, which had existed since 1524, was preventing such alliances, Philip called the colloquy in order to resolve the issue and clear the way for an alliance.[4][5]
The debate
The colloquy took place from October 1-4, 1529.[4] Luther and Zwingli were the main representatives for their respective viewpoints.[5] In addition, other important figures in the debates were Philipp Melanchthon, John Oecolampadius, and Martin Bucer.[4] These people held discussions prior to the debates, which included numerous people, including Philip of Hesse, Duke Ulrich of Württemberg, numerous delegates from participating states, and about 60 guests.[4] While Zwingli willingly and eagerly participated, Luther did not wish to attend,[1] and he only went after Melanchthon convinced him to.[5]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Marburg Colloquy Failed to Reach Consensus. Christianity.com. Retrieved December 24, 2016.
- ↑ Wax, Travin (February 11, 2008). Luther vs. Zwingli 2: Luther on the Lord's Supper. The Gospel Coalition. Retrieved December 24, 2016.
- ↑ Wax, Travin (February 12, 2008). Luther vs. Zwingli 3: Zwingli on the Lord's Supper. The Gospel Coalition. Retrieved December 24, 2016.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Colloquy of Marburg. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved December 24, 2016.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Heydt, Bruce (2004). Turning Point: Luther’s Lost Opportunity. Christian History Institute (originally in Christian History Issue 81, 2004). Retrieved December 24, 2016.