Difference between revisions of "Female genital mutilation"
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The mutilation is usually carried out when the girl is prepubescent,<ref>[http://www.path.org/files/FGM-The-Facts.htm Female Genital Mutilation – The Wallace Global Fund]</ref> often forcibly and against her wishes. It can cause many potential genito-urinary complications, including infection, urinary incontinence, and increased risk of problems during future childbirth. | The mutilation is usually carried out when the girl is prepubescent,<ref>[http://www.path.org/files/FGM-The-Facts.htm Female Genital Mutilation – The Wallace Global Fund]</ref> often forcibly and against her wishes. It can cause many potential genito-urinary complications, including infection, urinary incontinence, and increased risk of problems during future childbirth. | ||
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| + | Worldwide, an estimated 3 million mutilations are performed each year,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nofgmukbook.com/2015/01/29/introduction/title=Eradicating Female Genital Mutilation: Introduction|accessdate=June 15, 2017}}</ref> and 200 million girls and women are living with FGM.<ref>cite web|url=https://nofgmukbook.com/2015/10/01/intro-index/|title=Welcome To The Eradicating Female Genital Mutilation Website|accessdate=June 15, 2017}}</ref> | ||
==Legislation== | ==Legislation== | ||
Revision as of 09:51, June 15, 2017
Female genital mutilation (FGM), sometimes referred to euphemistically as "female circumcision", refers to various forms of permanent and harmful operations performed on the private parts of girls or women. Although not exclusively Islamic — Christians, Jews, and animists have been known to practice it — FGM is primarily an Islamic practice.[1]
Female genital mutilation is extremely rare in the West but is widely practiced in parts of Asia, the Middle East, and East Africa, especially but not exclusively where Islam predominates.
- ... practitioners look on it as an integral part of their cultural and ethnic identity, and some perceive it as a religious obligation Female Circumcision: Rite of Passage Or Violation of Rights? - Guttmacher Institute
The mutilation is usually carried out when the girl is prepubescent,[2] often forcibly and against her wishes. It can cause many potential genito-urinary complications, including infection, urinary incontinence, and increased risk of problems during future childbirth.
Worldwide, an estimated 3 million mutilations are performed each year,[3] and 200 million girls and women are living with FGM.[4]
Legislation
In the United States, Congress outlawed the practice in 1996 and further tightened the law in 2013. Both performing the operation in the US and transporting a child to a foreign country to get the operation are felonies subject to 5 years imprisonment.[5] However, no federal cases were brought against doctors until 2017.[6] However, many states have failed to also adopt laws to cover situations where the child does not cross a state line to get the operation.
Indonesia was one of the first countries to ban FGM in 2006, prohibited health officials to perform FGM as a “useless” practice that “could potentially harm women’s health”. In November 2010, the government gave in to Islamic pressure and legalize FGM but with regulations allowing health care professionals to scratch the girl's area with a sterile needle.[7]
References
- ↑
- Munro, Neil (April 13, 2017). Feds Promise to Protect Half a Million American Girls from Genital Mutilation. Breitbart News. Retrieved June 14, 2017.
- Roys, Julie (May 8, 2017). Fear Of Islam Should Not Enable Female Genital Mutilation Inside The United States. The Federalist. Retrieved June 14, 2017.
- Khan, Aysha (April 27, 2017). The ’Splainer: What is female genital mutilation, and what does it have to do with Islam?. Religion News Service. Retrieved June 14, 2017.
- ↑ Female Genital Mutilation – The Wallace Global Fund
- ↑ . Retrieved on June 15, 2017.
You must specify title = and url = when using {{cite web}}. Available parameters:
{{cite web |url = |title = |accessdate = |accessdaymonth = |accessmonthday = |accessyear = |author = |last = |first = |authorlink = |coauthors = |date = |year = |month = |format = |work = |publisher = |pages = |language = |doi = |archiveurl = |archivedate = |quote = }} - ↑ cite web|url=https://nofgmukbook.com/2015/10/01/intro-index/%7Ctitle=Welcome To The Eradicating Female Genital Mutilation Website|accessdate=June 15, 2017}}
- ↑ 18 U.S.C. §118
- ↑ Three Indicted for Female Genital Mutilation (April 26, 2017). Retrieved on June 14, 2017.
- ↑ Indonesia. Retrieved on June 14, 2015.
External links
- World Health Organisation on Female Genital Mutilation