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| | Fifteen years after Columbus's maiden voyage, map-makers (cartographers) coined the named "America" for the New World in honor of another Italian explorer, Amerigo Vespucci. Between 1499 and 1502 he explored the east coast of South America, and was the first to recognize that the new land was a separate continent rather than part of Asia. | | Fifteen years after Columbus's maiden voyage, map-makers (cartographers) coined the named "America" for the New World in honor of another Italian explorer, Amerigo Vespucci. Between 1499 and 1502 he explored the east coast of South America, and was the first to recognize that the new land was a separate continent rather than part of Asia. |
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| − | But while Spanish soldiers came to America, Spanish women did not. So there were not many distinct, permanent Spanish settlements. Also, the Spanish were entirely subservient to their King back in Europe. Separate governments did not develop. | + | But while Spanish soldiers came to America, Spanish women and children did not. So there were not many distinct, permanent Spanish settlements. Also, the Spanish were entirely subservient to their King back in Europe. Separate governments did not develop for the Spanish settlements in the New World. |
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| | Other European powers were also exploring North America. The French explored the St. Lawrence and settled Quebec, where French is still spoken to this day. The French also explored the Mississippi, and settled the towns of Saint Louis (named after a French king) and New Orleans. | | Other European powers were also exploring North America. The French explored the St. Lawrence and settled Quebec, where French is still spoken to this day. The French also explored the Mississippi, and settled the towns of Saint Louis (named after a French king) and New Orleans. |
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| | Think about it. Would your family uproot and move, at great risk to your lives, to a place that had no civilization or anything of value? Do we see families moving to the middle of the desert in Arizona, or to cheap land in the middle of Wyoming? Only very rarely. | | Think about it. Would your family uproot and move, at great risk to your lives, to a place that had no civilization or anything of value? Do we see families moving to the middle of the desert in Arizona, or to cheap land in the middle of Wyoming? Only very rarely. |
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| − | [[England]]'s first settlement of [[North America]] was in 1585, on [[Roanoke Island]] in [[Virginia]]. More than 100 families settled there, but within a few years they had all disappeared. It remains a mystery to this day what happened. They could have died from disease or starvation. They could have been killed by Indians. No one knows the real reason for the disappearance of this settlement, and it's called the "[[Lost Colony]]." | + | [[England]]'s first settlement of [[North America]] was in 1585, on [[Roanoke Island]] in [[Virginia]]. More than 100 families settled there, but within a few years they had all disappeared. It remains a mystery to this day what happened. They could have died from disease or starvation. They cCould have been killed by Indians. No one knows the real reason for the disappearance of this settlement, and it's called the "[[Lost Colony]]." |
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| − | About the same time, however, England obtained a big victory in Europe. Spain had ruled the high seas for most of the 1500s, until England destroyed the Spanish Armada in 1588. That left England with the potential to gain control of the oceans and world trade over the seas. England could then protect its newly developing colonies against other European powers. | + | About the same time, however, England obtained a big victory in Europe. Spain had ruled the high seas for most of the 1500s, but Sir Francis Drake was a superb sailor who sailed around South America and claimed California as "Nova Albion" for England while attacking Spanish ships and settlements in Central America in the 1580s. He then led the English to a stunning victory over Spanish Armada in 1588, virtually destroying Spain's entire fleet of massive ships. That left England, under Queen Elizabeth, with the ability to gain control of the oceans and world trade over the seas. England could then protect its newly developing colonies against other European powers. |
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| | '''Debate: Did Europeans have a right to explore North America?''' | | '''Debate: Did Europeans have a right to explore North America?''' |