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[[Image:NGC .jpg|right|thumb|350px|The majestic spiral galaxy ''NGC 4414'', imaged by the [[Hubble Space Telescope]] in 1995.]]

[[Image:NGC .jpg|right|thumb|350px|The majestic spiral galaxy ''[[NGC 4414]]'', imaged by the [[Hubble Space Telescope]] in 1995.]]

A '''galaxy''' is a massive ensemble of hundreds of millions of [[star]]s and [[planet]]s, all interacting through the [[gravity|gravitational force]], [[orbit]]ing around a common center.<ref>Wile, Dr. Jay L. ''Exploring Creation With Physical Science''. Apologia Educational Ministries, Inc. 1999, 2000</ref>  The [[universe]] contains hundreds of millions of galaxies.  Some scholars theorize that the center of every galaxy lies a super massive [[black hole]].

A '''galaxy''' is a massive ensemble of tens of millions to trillions of [[star]]s some with associated [[planet]]s and planetary systems, all interacting through the [[gravity|gravitational force]], [[orbit]]ing around a common center.<ref>Wile, Dr. Jay L. ''Exploring Creation With Physical Science''. Apologia Educational Ministries, Inc. 1999, 2000</ref>  The observable [[universe]] contains hundreds of billions of galaxies.  Some scholars theorize that at the center of every galaxy lies a super massive [[black hole]]. The [[Sun]], the [[Earth]] and our [[Solar System]] are in the [[Milky Way]] galaxy.

== Young Earth Creationism View ==

== Age Dispute ==

[[Young earth creationism|Young earth creationist]] scientist assert that [[materialism|materialistic]] explanations of galaxy formation are unsupportable and counter evidence.<ref>http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/AstroPhysicalSciences22.html</ref> <ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v26/i3/galaxies.asp</ref> <ref>http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/5065</ref> <ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v27/i1/galaxy.asp</ref> <ref>http://www.answersingenesis.org/creation/v25/i3/galaxies.asp</ref> In 1988, fifty cosmologists attended a conference which focused on galaxy formation. After summarizing the observational data, two of the most respected scientists estimated the probability that any existing theory on galaxy formation is correct was about 1 out of 100. <ref>http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes61.html#wp1212721</ref>  In 1999, J. Bland-Hawthorn wrote in the science journal [[Nature]] the following:

[[Young earth creationism|Many scientists]] assert that [[materialism|materialistic]] explanations of galaxy formation are unsupportable and counter evidence.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/AstroPhysicalSciences22.html|title=In the Beginning: Compelling Evidence for Creation and the Flood - 62. Galaxies|accessdate=2019-09-15|publisher=creationscience.com|date=2019-09-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://answersingenesis.org/big-bang/young-galaxies-too-old-for-the-big-bang/|title=Young Galaxies Too Old for the Big Bang|accessdate=2019-09-15|publisher=answersingenesis.org|date=2004-06-01|author=Andrew Rigg}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://creation.com/phoenix-galaxy-stars-explode-stellar-evolution-theory|title=Phoenix Galaxy stars explode stellar evolution theory|accessdate=2019-09-15|publisher=creation.com|author=Rod Bernitt|date=August 2000}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://answersingenesis.org/astronomy/cosmology/galaxy-games/|title=Galaxy Games|accessdate=2019-09-15|publisher=anwersingenesis.org|date=2004-12-01|author=Andrew Rigg}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://creation.com/early-galaxies-don-t-fit|title=‘Early’ galaxies don’t fit!|accessdate=2019-09-15|publisher=creation.com|date=March 2003|author=Andy McIntosh and Carl Wieland}}</ref> In 1988, fifty cosmologists attended a conference which focused on galaxy formation. After summarizing the observational data, two of the most respected scientists estimated the probability that any existing theory on galaxy formation is correct was about 1 out of 100.<ref name=fast_binaries>{{cite web|url=http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes61.html#wp1212721|title=In the Beginning: Compelling Evidence for Creation and the Flood - 60. Fast Binaries|accessdate=2019-09-15|publisher=creationscience.com}}</ref>  In 1999, J. Bland-Hawthorn wrote in the science journal [[Nature]] the following:

"In 1977, [[Stephen Weinberg]] observed that "the theory of the formation of galaxies is one of the great outstanding problems of astrophysics, a problem that today seems far from solution". Although the past two decades have seen considerable progress, many questions remain." <ref>http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v400/n6741/full/400220a0.html</ref>

"In 1977, Stephen Weinberg observed that "the theory of the formation of galaxies is one of the great outstanding problems of astrophysics, a problem that today seems far from solution". Although the past two decades have seen considerable progress, many questions remain." <ref>

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. . . it is an elegant structure that shows both order and complexity. . . . The end product is especially remarkable in the light of what is believed to be the starting point: nebulous blobs of gas. How the universe made the Milky Way from such simple beginnings is not altogether clear. - Cristina Chiappini, "The Formation and Evolution of the Milky Way," [[American Scientist]] (vol. 89, Nov./Dec. 2001), p. 506. <ref>http://www.icr.org/article/547/</ref>

. . . it is an elegant structure that shows both order and complexity. . . . The end product is especially remarkable in the light of what is believed to be the starting point: nebulous blobs of gas. How the universe made the Milky Way from such simple beginnings is not altogether clear. - Cristina Chiappini, "The Formation and Evolution of the Milky Way," [[American Scientist]] (vol. 89, Nov./Dec. 2001), p. 506.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.icr.org/article/547/|title=What Astronomers Don't Know|accessdate=2019-09-15|publisher=icr.org|author=Henry M. Morris|date=2002-07-01}}</ref>

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These findings corroborate a January 8, 2002, NASA press release that was considered astonishing at the time: based on Hubble surveys, "the grand finale came first" in stellar and galactic evolution. As far back as telescopes look, they see mature creation, not evolution. <ref>http://www.icr.org/article/2946/</ref>

These findings corroborate a January 8, 2002, NASA press release that was considered astonishing at the time: based on Hubble surveys, "the grand finale came first" in stellar and galactic evolution. As far back as telescopes look, they see mature creation, not evolution.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.icr.org/article/2946/|title=Mature at Birth: Universe Discredits Evolution|accessdate=2019-09-15|author=David F. Coppedge|date=2006-10-01}}</ref>

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“In its simplest form, the [[Big Bang Theory|Big Bang]] scenario doesn’t look like a good way to make galaxies. It allows too little time for the force of gravity by itself to gather ordinary matter—neutrons, protons and electrons—into the patterns of galaxies seen today. Yet the theory survives for want of a better idea.”  Ivars Peterson, Science News,  "Seeding the universe: how did matter assemble itself into the giant filaments, clusters, bubbles and walls of galaxies that now fill the universe?" March 24, 1990, p. 184. <ref>http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes61.html#wp1212721</ref> <ref>http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1200/is_n12_v137/ai_8878747</ref>

“In its simplest form, the [[Big Bang theory|big bang]] scenario doesn’t look like a good way to make galaxies. It allows too little time for the force of gravity by itself to gather ordinary matter—neutrons, protons and electrons—into the patterns of galaxies seen today. Yet the theory survives for want of a better idea.”  Ivars Peterson, Science News,  "Seeding the universe: how did matter assemble itself into the giant filaments, clusters, bubbles and walls of galaxies that now fill the universe?" March 24, 1990, p. 184.<ref name=fast_binaries/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1200/is_n12_v137/ai_8878747|title=Seeding the universe: how did matter assemble itself into the giant filaments, clusters, bubbles and walls of galaxies that now fill the universe?|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080216183100/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1200/is_n12_v137/ai_8878747|archivedate=2019-09-15}}</ref>

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“It [the Great Wall, composed of tens of thousands of galaxies] is far too large and too massive to have formed by the mutual gravitational attraction of its member galaxies.” M. Mitchell Waldrop, “Astronomers Go Up Against the Great Wall,” [[Science (journal)|Science]], Vol. 246, 17 November 1989, p. 885. [See also Margaret J. Geller and John P. Huchra, “Mapping the Universe,” Science, Vol. 246, 17 November 1989, pp. 897–903. <ref>http://www.creationscience.com/onlinebook/ReferencesandNotes61.html#wp1212721</ref>

“It [the Great Wall, composed of tens of thousands of galaxies] is far too large and too massive to have formed by the mutual gravitational attraction of its member galaxies.” M. Mitchell Waldrop, “Astronomers Go Up Against the Great Wall,” [[Science (journal)|Science]], Vol. 246, 17 November 1989, p. 885. (See also Margaret J. Geller and John P. Huchra, “Mapping the Universe,” Science, Vol. 246, 17 November 1989, pp. 897–903).<ref name=fast_binaries/>

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==See Also==

==References==

[[Category:Astronomy]]

[[Category:Astronomy]]