Difference between revisions of "Sigmund Freud"
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'''Sigmund Freud''' (1856–1939) was the founder of [[psychoanalysis]]. | '''Sigmund Freud''' (1856–1939) was the founder of [[psychoanalysis]]. | ||
| − | In 1938 he left fled Vienna and persecution by the [[Nazi]]s to North [[London]],[[England]], where he lived until his death in 1939. | + | In 1938 he left fled Vienna and persecution by the [[Nazi]]s to North [[London]], [[England]], where he lived until his death in 1939. |
Freud is best known for his theories of the [[unconscious mind]], especially involving the mechanism of [[repression]]; his symbolic interpretation of dreams; his redefinition of sexual desire as mobile and directed towards a wide variety of objects; and his therapeutic technique, especially his understanding of [[transference]] in the therapeutic relationship and the symbolic interpretation of dreams as sources of insight into [[unconscious desire]]s. | Freud is best known for his theories of the [[unconscious mind]], especially involving the mechanism of [[repression]]; his symbolic interpretation of dreams; his redefinition of sexual desire as mobile and directed towards a wide variety of objects; and his therapeutic technique, especially his understanding of [[transference]] in the therapeutic relationship and the symbolic interpretation of dreams as sources of insight into [[unconscious desire]]s. | ||
| − | Freud proposed that the human [[psyche]] consists of three parts -- [[ | + | Freud proposed that the human [[psyche]] consists of three parts -- [[ego]], [[super-ego]], and [[id]] -- and that [[defense mechanism]]s are an attempt by the mind to resolve conflicts between the super-ego and the id. |
Freud's theories are viewed by some as unscientific because they lack [[falsifiability]], as pointed out by [[Karl Popper]].<ref>Popper, Karl R.: [http://www.stephenjaygould.org/ctrl/popper_falsification.html 'Science as Falsification'], ''Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge'' (London, 1963) </ref> | Freud's theories are viewed by some as unscientific because they lack [[falsifiability]], as pointed out by [[Karl Popper]].<ref>Popper, Karl R.: [http://www.stephenjaygould.org/ctrl/popper_falsification.html 'Science as Falsification'], ''Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge'' (London, 1963) </ref> | ||
Revision as of 20:35, May 24, 2007
Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) was the founder of psychoanalysis.
In 1938 he left fled Vienna and persecution by the Nazis to North London, England, where he lived until his death in 1939.
Freud is best known for his theories of the unconscious mind, especially involving the mechanism of repression; his symbolic interpretation of dreams; his redefinition of sexual desire as mobile and directed towards a wide variety of objects; and his therapeutic technique, especially his understanding of transference in the therapeutic relationship and the symbolic interpretation of dreams as sources of insight into unconscious desires.
Freud proposed that the human psyche consists of three parts -- ego, super-ego, and id -- and that defense mechanisms are an attempt by the mind to resolve conflicts between the super-ego and the id.
Freud's theories are viewed by some as unscientific because they lack falsifiability, as pointed out by Karl Popper.[1]
Much of Freud's psychosexual theories and his tripartite model have failed any empirical investigation. Psychoanalysis as a clinical method has in many cases been shown to be as effective as other talk therapies,Template:Fact-science but this is not likely to reflect the accuracy or inaccuracy of the underlying theories, but rather the positive effect of talking about one's problems.
Sigmund Freud died of maxillary cancer at the age of 82.
References
- ↑ Popper, Karl R.: 'Science as Falsification', Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge (London, 1963)