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[[Image:JimCrow.gif|thumb|Minstrel character "Jim Crow"]]

[[Image:JimCrow.gif|thumb|Minstrel character "Jim Crow"]]

'''Jim Crow''' was the system of laws passed by [[Democrats]] promoting racial segregation in the Southern U.S. from the 1880s to 1964 in which [[African American]]s were segregated (separated) in [[public school]]s and public places, so that they could not mingle in public with whites on equal terms. In addition to segregation, Jim Crow also assured that blacks had little or no political power.  Jim Crow laws, particularly literacy tests and poll taxes aimed at [[voter suppression|supressing the vote]], were intended to ensure that the Republican party which freed the slaves and promoted Black equality never would benefit from the Black vote. It was a low point in [[Black history]] after the euphoria of [[Reconstruction]]. It is also sometimes used as a slur for [[African American]]s.

'''Jim Crow''' was the system of laws passed by [[Democrats]] promoting racial segregation in the Southern U.S. from the 1880s to 1964 in which [[African American]]s were segregated (separated) in [[public school]]s and public places, so that they could not mingle in public with whites on equal terms. In addition to segregation, Jim Crow also assured that blacks had little or no political power.  Jim Crow laws such as literacy tests and poll taxes aimed at [[voter suppression|supressing the vote]] were intended to ensure that the Republican party, which freed the slaves and promoted Black equality, never would benefit from the Black vote. It was a low point in [[Black history]] after the euphoria of [[Reconstruction]]. It is also sometimes used as a slur for [[African American]]s.

==Supreme Court approves==

==Supreme Court approves==

In 1954 in ''Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka'' 347 US 483 that the Court under the firm guidance of Chief Justice [[Earl Warren]] unanimously held that separate facilities were inherently unequal in the area of public schools. It effectively overturned ''Plessy v. Ferguson'', and outlawed Jim Crow in other areas of society as well. A series of followup decisions slowly dismantled the state-sponsored school segregation laws, but left standing most segregation in practice.  

In 1954 in ''Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka'' 347 US 483 that the Court under the firm guidance of Chief Justice [[Earl Warren]] unanimously held that separate facilities were inherently unequal in the area of public schools. It effectively overturned ''Plessy v. Ferguson'', and outlawed Jim Crow in other areas of society as well. A series of followup decisions slowly dismantled the state-sponsored school segregation laws, but left standing most segregation in practice.  

[[File:Jimcrow1.jpg|thumb|375px|Cafe in Durham, North Carolina, 1940. with separate doors and seating for "White" and for "Colored." Most restaurants, theaters and sporting venues in the South had separate seating sections. [[New Deal]] Democrats introduced separate eating areas in the Capitol building in Washington, D.C. among one of their first acts. Republican Rep. Oscar De Priest, the lone African American in the entire Congress, was forced to eat in hallway beside the kitchen in the basement.<ref>https://history.house.gov/People/Listing/D/DE-PRIEST,-Oscar-Stanton-(D000263)/</ref> Jack Delano, [[FSA]] photographer]]

[[File:Jimcrow1.jpg|thumb|375px|Cafe in Durham, North Carolina, 1940. with separate doors and seating for "White" and for "Colored." Most restaurants, theaters and sporting venues in the South had separate seating sections. [[New Deal]] Democrats introduced separate eating areas in the Capitol building in Washington, D.C. among one of their first acts. Republican Rep. [[Oscar De Priest]], the lone African American in the entire Congress, was forced to eat in hallway beside the kitchen in the basement.<ref>https://history.house.gov/People/Listing/D/DE-PRIEST,-Oscar-Stanton-(D000263)/</ref> Jack Delano, [[FSA]] photographer]]

Besides state laws that compelled segregation of the races, private organizations were almost wholly segregated in the South.  

Besides state laws that compelled segregation of the races, private organizations were almost wholly segregated in the South.  

*[[Racism]]

*[[Racism]]

*[[Earl Warren]]

*[[Earl Warren]]

==External links==

==External links==

*[http://www.pitt.edu/~amerimus/minstrel.htm Minstrelsy] - Center for American Music

*[http://www.pitt.edu/~amerimus/minstrel.htm Minstrelsy] - Center for American Music

*[http://www.jimcrowhistory.org/scripts/jimcrow/glossary.cgi Encyclopedia of Jim Crow]

*[http://www.jimcrowhistory.org/scripts/jimcrow/glossary.cgi Encyclopedia of Jim Crow]

 

 

[[Category:United States History]]

[[Category:United States History]]

[[Category:Civil Rights]]

[[Category:Civil Rights]]

[[Category:The South]]

[[Category:The South]]

[[Category:1960s]]

[[Category:1960s]]