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update with figures from current yearbook, normalizing to 2019 as a base year
|pop =23,600,000 (2019)
|pop =23,600,000 (2019)
|pop-basis =
|pop-basis =
|gdp =$575,000,000,000 (2020)
|gdp =$611 billion (2019)
|gdp-year =
|gdp-year =
|gdp-pc =$23,958
|gdp-pc =$25,909 (2019)
|currency =New Taiwan dollar
|currency =New Taiwan dollar
|idd =
|idd =
|tld =
|tld =
}}
}}
'''Taiwan''', also '''Formosa''', is an island state and a democracy in East Asia. The population was 23.6 million in 2019 and the dominant language is Chinese.<ref name=MOFA2>''Taiwan at a glance'', inside cover.</ref> In 2012, it had the 20th largest economy in the world, according to the [[International Monetary Fund]].<ref>Taiwan's GDP for 2012 was $902 billion (PPP).</ref> Neighboring states include the [[People's Republic of China]] (PRC) to the west, Japan to the east and northeast, and the Philippines to the south. The capital is [[Taipei]] in the north of the island. Known for its natural beauty, the country is 245 miles long and 89 miles wide, with a steep central mountain range and plains on the west coast.
'''Taiwan''', also '''Formosa''', is an island state and a democracy in East Asia. The population was 23.6 million in 2019 and the dominant language is Chinese.<ref name=MOFA2>''Taiwan at a glance'', inside cover.</ref> In 2019, Taiwan was the 17th largest exporter.<ref>''Taiwan at a glance'', p. 29.</ref> Neighboring states include the [[People's Republic of China]] (PRC) to the west, Japan to the east and northeast, and the Philippines to the south. The capital is [[Taipei]] in the north of the island. Known for its natural beauty, the country is 245 miles long and 89 miles wide, with a steep central mountain range and plains on the west coast.
The Dutch East India Company had a trading post on Taiwan in the seventeenth century. The island was acquired by Japan in 1895 as a result of the First Sino-Japanese War. It was returned to the Republic of China in 1945 at the end of World War II. The current division between Taiwan and the mainland originated in 1949, when the [[Chinese Nationalist Party]], or KMT, was defeated by the communists in the Chinese Civil War, fled the mainland, and relocated to Taiwan.
The Dutch East India Company had a trading post on Taiwan in the seventeenth century. The island was acquired by Japan in 1895 as a result of the First Sino-Japanese War. It was returned to the Republic of China in 1945 at the end of World War II. The current division between Taiwan and the mainland originated in 1949, when the [[Chinese Nationalist Party]], or KMT, was defeated by the communists in the Chinese Civil War, fled the mainland, and relocated to Taiwan.