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Created page with "{{Infobox officeholder | name=Warren Grant "Maggie" Magnuson | image=Warren Magnuson of WA.jpg |office=United States Senator for Washington State | term_start=Decembe..."
{{Infobox officeholder
| name=Warren Grant "Maggie" Magnuson
| image=Warren Magnuson of WA.jpg
|office=[[United States Senator]] for [[Washington]] State
| term_start=December 14, 1944
| term_end=January 3, 1981
| preceded=Homer Truett Bone
| succeeded=[[Slade Gorton]]
|offce2=Chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee
|term_start2=January 3, 1977
|term_end2=January 3, 1981
|preceded2=[[John McClellan]]
|succeeded2=[[Mark O. Hatfield]]
|office3=Chairman of the Senate Commerce Committee
| term_start3=January 3, 1955
| term_end3= January 3, 1977
| preceded3= [[John W. Bricker]]
| succeeded3=Howard Cannon ([[Nevada]])
| office4=Senate President Pro Tempore
| term_start4=December 6, 1980
| term_end4=January 3, 1981
| preceded4=Milton Young ([[North Dakota]])
| succeeded=[[Strom Thurmond]]
| term_start5=January 3, 1979
| term_end5=December 5, 1980
| preceded5=[[James Eastland]]
| succeeded5=Milton Young
| office6=[[United States Representative]] for<br> Washington's 1st congressional district
| term_start6=January 3, 1937
| term_end6=December 13, 1944
| preceded6=Marion Zioncheck
| succeeded6=Emerson DeLacy
| office7=Washington State Representative<br> for the 37th District
| term_start7=January 9, 1933
| term_end7=January 14, 1935
| preceded7=George F. Murray
| succeeded7=A. Lou Cohen
| birth_date=April 12, 1905
| birth_place=Moorhead, Clay County,<br>
[[Minnesota]]
| death_date=May 20, 1989 (aged 84)
| death_place=[[Seattle]], Washington
| resting_place=Acacia Memorial Park
| party=[[Democratic Party|Democrat]]
| spouse=(1) Eleanor Peggy "Peggins" Maddieux Magnuson (married 1928-1935, divorced)<br>
(2) Jermaine Elliott Peralta Magnuson (married 1964-1989, his death)
| alma_mater=University of North Dakota (Grand Fiorks)<br>[[North Dakota State University]] ([[Fargo]])<br>[[University of Washingtion]] <br>(Bachelor of Arts and LLB)
| occupation=[[Attorney]]
| branch=[[United States Navy]]
| serviceyears=
| battles=[[World War II]]<br>
Pacific Theater of Operations
|rank=Lieutenant Commander
}}
'''Warren Grant Magnuson''', sometimes known as '''Maggie Magnuson''' (April 12, 1905 – May 20, 1989), was an [[attorney]] and [[Democratic Party|Democratic]] [[politician]] who served from 1944 to 1981 as a [[United States Senator]] for his adopted state of [[Washington]]. From 1937 to 1944, he was the [[U.S. Representative]] for Washington's 1st congressional district. He is the state's longest-serving senator with thirty-six years of tenure. His better-known Washington colleague, Senator [[Henry Jackson]], served thirty years and died in office shortly after his last reelection in 1982. During his final two years in office, he was the Senate's most senior senator and twice the President Pro Tempore of the body.
==Background==
Magnuson was born in Moorhead in Clay County in west central [[Minnesota]], which is part of the [[Fargo]], [[North Dakota]] metropolitan area.<ref name=congress>Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress - Retro Member details, accessed August 26, 2021.</ref> Magnuson never knew his parents, who may have died within a month of his birth,<ref name=nytimes>Wolfgang Saxon, "Warren G. Magnuson Dies at 84; Held Powerful Positions in Senate," ''[[The New York Times]],'' May 21, 1989.</ref> or his unwed mother placed him for adoption.<ref name=scates>Shelby Scates, ''Warren G. Magnuson and the Shaping of Twentieth-Century America'' ([[Seattle]]: [[University of Washington]] Press, 1997).</ref>
He was adopted by William Grant and Emma Anderson Magnuson and took their surname.<ref name=current>"Warren G. Magnuson," ''Current Biography,'' H. W. Wilson Company, 1945.</ref> The Magnusons were second-generation [ [[immigrant]]s from [[Scandinavia]] who operated a bar in Moorhead. A year after taking Warren, the couple adopted a daughter, Clara.<ref name=oneofakind>Warren Magnuson was one of a kind (seattlepi.com), accessed August 25, 2021.</ref> In 1921, his adoptive father left the family while Warren was in his middle-teens.<ref>Kit Oldham, "Magnuson, Warren G. (1905-1989), HistoryLink.</ref>
Magnuson played [[football]] and [[baseball]] at Moorhead High School<ref name=scates/> and still found time to work numerous jobs, including [[wheat]] farming, newspaper and telegram delivery, and managing a [[YMCA]] camp in Moorhead and Fargo.<ref name=current/> He graduated in 1923, and then enrolled for a year at the University of North Dakota in Grand Forks, eighty miles north of Moorhead.<ref name=congress/> In 1924, he transferred to [[North Dakota State University]], an agricultural college in Fargo, which he also attended for a year.<ref name=scates/> He traveled into [[Canada]] by riding freight trains and threshing wheat.<ref name=current/>In 1926, he graduated from the [[University of Washington]] in [[Seattle]]; in 1929, from the UW Law School.<ref name=congress/>
During [[World War II]], Magnuson, still a member of the House and then the Senate, served in the [[United States Navy]] and reached the rank of lieutenant commander.<ref name=congress/>
==Political career==
Magnuson launched his law practice in Seattle, where from 1930 to 1931 he was the secretary of the Seattle Municipal League. From 1931 to 1936, he was a prosecuting attorney for King County. In 1932, he was elected to the Washington legislature and served until 1934. In 1933, he was a delegate to the state constitutional convention. In 1934, he was a U.S. Attorney. In 1936, he was elected to the U.S. House and served until 1944. <ref name=congress/>
In 1944, Magnuson was elected to the first of his six terms to the U.S. Senate. He defeated his future Senate colleague, [[Republican Party|Republican]] [[Harry P. Cain]], 452,013 votes (55.1 percent( to 364,356 (44.4 percent). Republican [[Governor]] [[Arthur B. Langlie]] the next month appointed Magnuson to finish the three weeks left in the term of Democratic Senator Homer Truett Bone (1883-1970), who resigned before the expiration of his term. This gave Magnuson an edge in seniority among the senators taking office in 1945.
Magnuson served twice as the President pro tempore of the Senate. He was the chairman of the Senate Commerce Committee and sat on the Appropriations Committee as well.<ref name=congress/>In November 1961, [[U.S. President]] [[John F. Kennedy]] visited Seattle for Magnuson's celebration of his first twenty-five years in both houses of Congress.<ref>President Kennedy delivers major policy speech at UW on November 16, 1961, accessed August 27, 2021.</ref>
In 1967, U.S. President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]], while signing into law the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967, cited Magnuson with obtaining enactment of the law.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=28532|title= Remarks Upon Signing the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967|date=November 7, 1967|publisher=American Presidency Project|author=[[Lyndon B. Johnson]]|accessdate=August 27, 2021}}</ref>
Three laws bear Magnuson's name, (1) the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, authored with [[Moderate Republican]] Senator [[Ted Stevens]] of [[Alaska]], (2) the Magnuson Act, which repealed the [[Chinese Exclusion Act]] of 1882, and the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act, co-sponsored with [[Utah]] Senator Frank Moss (1911-2003). He worked to keep supertankers out of [[Puget Sound]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=5620 HistoryLink.org|title=Congress passes Senator Warren Magnuson's amendment banning supertankers in Puget Sound|date=October 5,1977|publisher=historylink.org: The online encyclopedia of Washington State history|accessed=August 27, 2021}}</ref>Magnuson also played a key role in pushing the [[Civil Rights Act of 1964]] through the Commerce Committee despite the opposition of southern Democrats, most of whom at the time were [[Segregation|segregationists]].
==Later years==
After his defeat for Senate reelection in 1980 by the Moderate Republican [[Slade Gorton]], heir of the Gorton's seafood company, Magnuson returned to the practice of law in Seattle.<ref name=congress/>
He was twice married. In 1928, he wed the former Eleanor Peggy "Peggins" Maddieux; they divorced in 1935. Twenty-nine years later, he wed the former Jermaine Elliott Peralta, to whom he was married from 1964 until his death twenty-five years later.<ref>"Magnuson weds Seattle widow," ''Spokane Daily News,'' October 5, 1964.</ref>
Magnuson died in Seattle at the age of eighty-four and is interred with his second wife at Acacia Memorial Park in Lake Forest Park in King County.<ref>Jermaine Elliott Magnuson (1923-2011) - Find A Grave Memorial, accessed August 27, 2021.</ref>
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Magnuson, Warren}}
[[Category:Washington]]
[[Category:Minnesota]]
[[Category:North Dakota]]
[[Category:Attorneys]]
[[Category:Former United States Senators]]
[[Category:Former United States Representatives]]
[[Category:State Representatives]]
[[Category:Democrats]]
[[Category:Liberals]]
[[Category:United States Navy]]
[[Category:World War II]]
| name=Warren Grant "Maggie" Magnuson
| image=Warren Magnuson of WA.jpg
|office=[[United States Senator]] for [[Washington]] State
| term_start=December 14, 1944
| term_end=January 3, 1981
| preceded=Homer Truett Bone
| succeeded=[[Slade Gorton]]
|offce2=Chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee
|term_start2=January 3, 1977
|term_end2=January 3, 1981
|preceded2=[[John McClellan]]
|succeeded2=[[Mark O. Hatfield]]
|office3=Chairman of the Senate Commerce Committee
| term_start3=January 3, 1955
| term_end3= January 3, 1977
| preceded3= [[John W. Bricker]]
| succeeded3=Howard Cannon ([[Nevada]])
| office4=Senate President Pro Tempore
| term_start4=December 6, 1980
| term_end4=January 3, 1981
| preceded4=Milton Young ([[North Dakota]])
| succeeded=[[Strom Thurmond]]
| term_start5=January 3, 1979
| term_end5=December 5, 1980
| preceded5=[[James Eastland]]
| succeeded5=Milton Young
| office6=[[United States Representative]] for<br> Washington's 1st congressional district
| term_start6=January 3, 1937
| term_end6=December 13, 1944
| preceded6=Marion Zioncheck
| succeeded6=Emerson DeLacy
| office7=Washington State Representative<br> for the 37th District
| term_start7=January 9, 1933
| term_end7=January 14, 1935
| preceded7=George F. Murray
| succeeded7=A. Lou Cohen
| birth_date=April 12, 1905
| birth_place=Moorhead, Clay County,<br>
[[Minnesota]]
| death_date=May 20, 1989 (aged 84)
| death_place=[[Seattle]], Washington
| resting_place=Acacia Memorial Park
| party=[[Democratic Party|Democrat]]
| spouse=(1) Eleanor Peggy "Peggins" Maddieux Magnuson (married 1928-1935, divorced)<br>
(2) Jermaine Elliott Peralta Magnuson (married 1964-1989, his death)
| alma_mater=University of North Dakota (Grand Fiorks)<br>[[North Dakota State University]] ([[Fargo]])<br>[[University of Washingtion]] <br>(Bachelor of Arts and LLB)
| occupation=[[Attorney]]
| branch=[[United States Navy]]
| serviceyears=
| battles=[[World War II]]<br>
Pacific Theater of Operations
|rank=Lieutenant Commander
}}
'''Warren Grant Magnuson''', sometimes known as '''Maggie Magnuson''' (April 12, 1905 – May 20, 1989), was an [[attorney]] and [[Democratic Party|Democratic]] [[politician]] who served from 1944 to 1981 as a [[United States Senator]] for his adopted state of [[Washington]]. From 1937 to 1944, he was the [[U.S. Representative]] for Washington's 1st congressional district. He is the state's longest-serving senator with thirty-six years of tenure. His better-known Washington colleague, Senator [[Henry Jackson]], served thirty years and died in office shortly after his last reelection in 1982. During his final two years in office, he was the Senate's most senior senator and twice the President Pro Tempore of the body.
==Background==
Magnuson was born in Moorhead in Clay County in west central [[Minnesota]], which is part of the [[Fargo]], [[North Dakota]] metropolitan area.<ref name=congress>Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress - Retro Member details, accessed August 26, 2021.</ref> Magnuson never knew his parents, who may have died within a month of his birth,<ref name=nytimes>Wolfgang Saxon, "Warren G. Magnuson Dies at 84; Held Powerful Positions in Senate," ''[[The New York Times]],'' May 21, 1989.</ref> or his unwed mother placed him for adoption.<ref name=scates>Shelby Scates, ''Warren G. Magnuson and the Shaping of Twentieth-Century America'' ([[Seattle]]: [[University of Washington]] Press, 1997).</ref>
He was adopted by William Grant and Emma Anderson Magnuson and took their surname.<ref name=current>"Warren G. Magnuson," ''Current Biography,'' H. W. Wilson Company, 1945.</ref> The Magnusons were second-generation [ [[immigrant]]s from [[Scandinavia]] who operated a bar in Moorhead. A year after taking Warren, the couple adopted a daughter, Clara.<ref name=oneofakind>Warren Magnuson was one of a kind (seattlepi.com), accessed August 25, 2021.</ref> In 1921, his adoptive father left the family while Warren was in his middle-teens.<ref>Kit Oldham, "Magnuson, Warren G. (1905-1989), HistoryLink.</ref>
Magnuson played [[football]] and [[baseball]] at Moorhead High School<ref name=scates/> and still found time to work numerous jobs, including [[wheat]] farming, newspaper and telegram delivery, and managing a [[YMCA]] camp in Moorhead and Fargo.<ref name=current/> He graduated in 1923, and then enrolled for a year at the University of North Dakota in Grand Forks, eighty miles north of Moorhead.<ref name=congress/> In 1924, he transferred to [[North Dakota State University]], an agricultural college in Fargo, which he also attended for a year.<ref name=scates/> He traveled into [[Canada]] by riding freight trains and threshing wheat.<ref name=current/>In 1926, he graduated from the [[University of Washington]] in [[Seattle]]; in 1929, from the UW Law School.<ref name=congress/>
During [[World War II]], Magnuson, still a member of the House and then the Senate, served in the [[United States Navy]] and reached the rank of lieutenant commander.<ref name=congress/>
==Political career==
Magnuson launched his law practice in Seattle, where from 1930 to 1931 he was the secretary of the Seattle Municipal League. From 1931 to 1936, he was a prosecuting attorney for King County. In 1932, he was elected to the Washington legislature and served until 1934. In 1933, he was a delegate to the state constitutional convention. In 1934, he was a U.S. Attorney. In 1936, he was elected to the U.S. House and served until 1944. <ref name=congress/>
In 1944, Magnuson was elected to the first of his six terms to the U.S. Senate. He defeated his future Senate colleague, [[Republican Party|Republican]] [[Harry P. Cain]], 452,013 votes (55.1 percent( to 364,356 (44.4 percent). Republican [[Governor]] [[Arthur B. Langlie]] the next month appointed Magnuson to finish the three weeks left in the term of Democratic Senator Homer Truett Bone (1883-1970), who resigned before the expiration of his term. This gave Magnuson an edge in seniority among the senators taking office in 1945.
Magnuson served twice as the President pro tempore of the Senate. He was the chairman of the Senate Commerce Committee and sat on the Appropriations Committee as well.<ref name=congress/>In November 1961, [[U.S. President]] [[John F. Kennedy]] visited Seattle for Magnuson's celebration of his first twenty-five years in both houses of Congress.<ref>President Kennedy delivers major policy speech at UW on November 16, 1961, accessed August 27, 2021.</ref>
In 1967, U.S. President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]], while signing into law the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967, cited Magnuson with obtaining enactment of the law.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=28532|title= Remarks Upon Signing the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967|date=November 7, 1967|publisher=American Presidency Project|author=[[Lyndon B. Johnson]]|accessdate=August 27, 2021}}</ref>
Three laws bear Magnuson's name, (1) the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976, authored with [[Moderate Republican]] Senator [[Ted Stevens]] of [[Alaska]], (2) the Magnuson Act, which repealed the [[Chinese Exclusion Act]] of 1882, and the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act, co-sponsored with [[Utah]] Senator Frank Moss (1911-2003). He worked to keep supertankers out of [[Puget Sound]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=5620 HistoryLink.org|title=Congress passes Senator Warren Magnuson's amendment banning supertankers in Puget Sound|date=October 5,1977|publisher=historylink.org: The online encyclopedia of Washington State history|accessed=August 27, 2021}}</ref>Magnuson also played a key role in pushing the [[Civil Rights Act of 1964]] through the Commerce Committee despite the opposition of southern Democrats, most of whom at the time were [[Segregation|segregationists]].
==Later years==
After his defeat for Senate reelection in 1980 by the Moderate Republican [[Slade Gorton]], heir of the Gorton's seafood company, Magnuson returned to the practice of law in Seattle.<ref name=congress/>
He was twice married. In 1928, he wed the former Eleanor Peggy "Peggins" Maddieux; they divorced in 1935. Twenty-nine years later, he wed the former Jermaine Elliott Peralta, to whom he was married from 1964 until his death twenty-five years later.<ref>"Magnuson weds Seattle widow," ''Spokane Daily News,'' October 5, 1964.</ref>
Magnuson died in Seattle at the age of eighty-four and is interred with his second wife at Acacia Memorial Park in Lake Forest Park in King County.<ref>Jermaine Elliott Magnuson (1923-2011) - Find A Grave Memorial, accessed August 27, 2021.</ref>
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Magnuson, Warren}}
[[Category:Washington]]
[[Category:Minnesota]]
[[Category:North Dakota]]
[[Category:Attorneys]]
[[Category:Former United States Senators]]
[[Category:Former United States Representatives]]
[[Category:State Representatives]]
[[Category:Democrats]]
[[Category:Liberals]]
[[Category:United States Navy]]
[[Category:World War II]]