'''George Frisbie Hoar''' (August 29, 1826 – September 30, 1904) was a Free Soiler and Republican from [[Massachusetts]] who represented the state's 8th and 9th congressional districts in the [[United States House of Representatives]], later serving as a U.S. senator until his death. Hoar was previously a member of the state legislature, similarly having served in both houses.
An [[abolitionist]] and [[Radical Republican]],<ref name=fascinatingpolitics>Fascinating Politics (February 17, 2021). [https://fascinatingpolitics.com/2021/02/17/george-frisbie-hoar-an-honorable-senator/ George Frisbie Hoar: An Honorable Senator]. ''Mad Politics: The Bizarre, Fascinating, and Unknown of American Political History''. Retrieved November 11, 2021.</ref> Hoar recognized the immorality of [[slavery]]<ref name=encyclopedia.com>[https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/educational-magazines/george-hoar George Hoar]. ''Encyclopedia.com''. Retrieved November 11, 2021.</ref> and was raised by parents who actively opposed racial bigotry and often defied unjust laws.<ref name=threesonsofconnecticut/> Hoar expressed sharp disdain for the [[Democratic Party]], which he viewed as the party of the saloon keeper, [[Democrat election fraud|ballot stuffer]], and [[Ku Klux Klan]].
Interestingly enough, Hoar was an early member of the GOP [[Half-Breeds]] faction,<ref name=encyclopedia.com/><ref>Welch, Richard E., Jr. [https://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674436787 George Frisbie Hoar and the Half-Breed Republicans]. ''Harvard University Press''. Retrieved November 11, 2021.</ref> which as a whole<ref group=note>The Half-Breeds were not always uniformly in line on all issues; although the faction is regarded having supported [[civil service system|civil service reform]], its leader [[James G. Blaine]] did not.</ref> was associated with moderate/liberal Republicanism in opposition towards the conservative , pro-[[spoils system]] [[Stalwart]]s who were largely comprised of the Radical Republican faction remnants.
Hoar was referred to by his middle name "Frisbie" among his friends.<ref name=encyclopedia.com/>
==Political career==
An [[economic nationalist]], Hoar believed in [[capitalism]] as progress for [[civilization]] in accordance to the plans by [[God]].<ref name=encyclopedia.com/> He supported measures which aimed at protecting American industries from foreign competition.
According to an analysis of his voting record, Hoar supported the conservative side in Congress 89% of the time.<ref name=fascinatingpolitics/>
===U.S. House of Representatives===
In 1868, Hoar was easily elected to the U.S. House from Massachusetts' 8th congressional district, defeating Democrat Henry H. Stevens by a landslide.<ref>[https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=726146 MA District 8 Race - Nov 03, 1868]. ''Our Campaigns''. Retrieved November 11, 2021.</ref> He was re-elected for three additional terms,<ref name=ourcampaigns>[https://www.ourcampaigns.com/CandidateDetail.html?CandidateID=173249 Candidate - George Frisbie Hoar]. ''Our Campaigns''. Retrieved November 11, 2021.</ref> generally facing little serious competition except for the 1874 midterms, where he only narrowly defeated Democrat Eli Thayer by only 2.5 percentage points.<ref>[https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=725192 MA District 9 Race - Nov 03, 1874]. ''Our Campaigns''. Retrieved November 11, 2021.</ref>
{{cquote|[Hoar] was instrumental in the passage of many laws which gave to us better opportunities of education or of wage earning, and, above all, he was the fearless champion of our [women's] absolute political equality.||| Lillie Devereaux Blake}}
[[File:George F. Hoar 1899 LOC picture.png|thumb|right|300px|Picture of Sen. Hoar in 1899.<ref>[https://www.loc.gov/resource/cph.3a31066/ Sen. George Frisbie Hoar, 1826-1904]. ''Library of Congress''. Retrieved November 11, 2021.</ref>]]
In 1891, Hoar was a leading senator who sponsored the Federal Elections Bill (also known as the Force Bill) introduced by colleague [[Henry Cabot Lodge, Sr.]] that aimed to utilize the [[15th Amendment]] for securing black voting rights in [[the South]].<ref name=fascinatingpolitics/><ref name=legislativeinterests/> When the legislation faced filibusters by Democrats, Republican Vice President [[Levi P. Morton]] refused to help the Senate GOP make further efforts in support of the bill; an angered Hoar denounced Morton as having:<ref name=vicepresidentmortonincompetency>[https://www.senate.gov/about/officers-staff/vice-president/morton-levi.htm About the Vice President | Levi Parsons Morton, 22nd Vice President (1889-1893)]. ''United States Senate''. Retrieved November 11, 2021.</ref>
{{cquote|...asserted their authority with as little show of force as if they were presiding over a company of guests at their own table.|||Sen. George Frisbie Hoar, 1891}}
===notes===
{{reflist1904|group=note}}
==Further reading==
*Hoar, George Frisbie (March 1, 1882). [https://archive.org/details/ldpd_11278378_000 Chinese immigration : Speech of Hon. Geo. F. Hoar of Massachusetts : delivered in the Senate of the United States, Wednesday, March 1, 1882]. ''Internet Archive''.
*Welch, Richard E., Jr. (May 1964). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/24441400 Senator George Frisbie Hoar and the Defeat of Anti-Imperialism, 1898-1900]. ''JSTOR''.
==External links==
*[https://bioguideretro.congress.gov/Home/MemberDetails?memIndex=H000654 Profile] at the ''Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
*[https://americanantiquarian.org/proceedings/44806525.pdf George F. Hoar.] ''American Antiquarian Society
*[https://library.syr.edu/digital/guides/h/hoar_gf.htm George F. Hoar Letters] – ''Syracuse University
*[https://www.masshist.org/collection-guides/view/fa0298 Papers] at ''Massachusetts Historical Society
*[https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/2835/george-frisbie-hoar Profile] at ''Find a Grave
[[Category:Former United States Representatives]]
[[Category:Former United States Senators]]
[[Category:American Civil War]]
[[Category:Abolitionists]]
[[Category:Reconstruction]]
[[Category:Gilded Age]]
[[Category:Civil Rights]]
[[Category:Black History]]
[[Category:Conservatives]]
[[Category:Fiscal Conservatives]]
[[Category:Non-Interventionism]]
[[Category:Half-Breeds (Republican Party)]]
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[[Category:Patriots]]
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