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→Battle of Britain
With the pressure off their air bases the RAF was now able to increase its nightly raids on industrial sites in Germany and occupied lands. Because of the inability to correctly target these sites, the raids soon turned into “area bombing”, and German civilian casualties rose. These raids were to reach further into Germany as the war progressed and were greatly increased when American bombers began their sorties.
With the pressure off their air bases the RAF was now able to increase its nightly raids on industrial sites in Germany and occupied lands. Because of the inability to correctly target these sites, the raids soon turned into “area bombing”, and German civilian casualties rose. These raids were to reach further into Germany as the war progressed and were greatly increased when American bombers began their sorties.
===Battle of the Atlantic===
The [[aircraft carrier]] HMS ''Courageous'' was sunk by a German submarine on September 12, 1939, and the carrier ''Ark Royal'' narrowly missed a similar fate 2 days later. The [[Kriegsmarine]] scored an even greater victory in October, when U-47 penetrated the Royal Navy base at [[Scapa Flow]] and sank the WWI-era [[battleship]] ''Royal Oak''.<ref>Submarine Warfare, an Illustrated History, by Antony Preston, Thunder Bay Press, 1998</ref>
During World War II, [[U-boat]]s were primarily used to destroy the [[Allied]] transport vessels supplying the United Kingdom]] with the aim of causing supply shortages and forcing Britain to surrender. At first this was highly successful, but the Allies later developed many countermeasures, such as properly organized escorts, the Magnetic Airborne Detector that detected the change in local magnetic field caused by the U-boats, the 'Huff-Duff' system that tracked U-boats by their radio transmissions and improvements in depth-charges.
The primary weapons of U-boats were [[torpedo]]es.
==Finland: The Winter War==
==Finland: The Winter War==