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{{President

{{Officeholder

|image=James Garfield by Curtis.jpg

|image=James Garfield by Curtis.jpg

|party=[[Republican]]

|party=Republican

|spouse=Lucretia Rudolph Garfield

|spouse=Lucretia Rudolph Garfield

|religion=[[Church of Christ]]

|religion=Church of Christ

}}

}}

'''James Abram Garfield''' <ref>http://www.ipl.org/div/potus/jagarfield.html</ref> (November 19, 1831 - September 19, 1881) was the 20th [[President of the United States of America]], serving less than a year in office.  He was assassinated by  a deranged gunman, [[Charles Julius Guiteau]], who may have sought to make the Vice President, [[Chester Arthur]], the next President.  Garfield was the only president to serve as a clergyman while in the White House.<ref>http://www.kencollins.com/about/about.htm</ref>   

'''James Abram Garfield''' <ref>http://www.ipl.org/div/potus/jagarfield.html</ref> (November 19, 1831 - September 19, 1881) was the 20th [[President of the United States of America]], serving less than a year in office.  He was assassinated by  a deranged gunman, [[Charles Julius Guiteau]], who may have sought to make the Vice President, [[Chester Arthur]], the next President.  Garfield was the only president to serve as a clergyman while in the White House.<ref>http://www.kencollins.com/about/about.htm</ref>   

Garfield suffered for weeks from the lodging of the bullet inside him, first in the White House and then at a New Jersey seaside location.  Alexander Graham Bell, inventor of the telephone, attempted to find the internal bullet with his own invention, an induction-balance electrical device.  All attempts at removing the bullet were unsuccessful, and Garfield died on September 19, 1881 from an infection and internal hemorrhage.<ref>http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/jg20.html</ref> He served as President for six months and fifteen days

Garfield suffered for weeks from the lodging of the bullet inside him, first in the White House and then at a New Jersey seaside location.  Alexander Graham Bell, inventor of the telephone, attempted to find the internal bullet with his own invention, an induction-balance electrical device.  All attempts at removing the bullet were unsuccessful, and Garfield died on September 19, 1881, from an infection and internal hemorrhage.<ref>https://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/jg20.html</ref> He served as president for six months and fifteen days.

==Early life==

==Early life==

==Early career==

==Early career==

A book of stories of adventure on the sea, which he read over and over again when a boy, had filled him with a longing for a seafaring life. He decided, therefore, to become a sailor, and, in 1848, tramping across the country to Cleveland, Ohio, he sought employment from the captain of a lake schooner. But the captain drove him from the deck, and, wandering on in search of work, he fell in with a canal boatman who engaged him. During some months young Garfield served as bowsman, deck-hand and driver of a canal boat. An attack of the ague sent him home, and on recovery, having resolved to attend a high school and fit himself to become a teacher, he passed the next four years in a hard struggle with poverty and in an earnest effort to secure an education, studying for a short time in the Geauga Seminary at Chester, Ohio. He worked as a teacher, a carpenter and a farmer; studied for a time at the Western Reserve Eclectic Institute at Hiram, Ohio, which afterward became Hiram College, and finally entered Williams College. On graduation, in 1856, Garfield became professor of ancient languages and literature in the Eclectic Institute at Hiram, and within a year had risen to the presidency of the institution.

A book of stories of adventure on the sea, which he read over and over again when a boy, had filled him with a longing for a seafaring life. He decided, therefore, to become a [[sailor]], and, in 1848, tramping across the country to Cleveland, Ohio, he sought employment from the captain of a lake schooner. But the captain drove him from the deck, and, wandering on in search of work, he fell in with a canal boatman who engaged him. During some months young Garfield served as bowsman, deck-hand and driver of a canal boat. An attack of the ague sent him home, and on recovery, having resolved to attend a high school and fit himself to become a teacher, he passed the next four years in a hard struggle with poverty and in an earnest effort to secure an education, studying for a short time in the Geauga Seminary at Chester, Ohio. He worked as a teacher, a carpenter and a farmer; studied for a time at the Western Reserve Eclectic Institute at Hiram, Ohio, which afterward became Hiram College, and finally entered Williams College. On graduation, in 1856, Garfield became professor of ancient languages and literature in the Eclectic Institute at Hiram, and within a year had risen to the presidency of the institution.

===Politics===

===Politics===

==Presidency==

==Presidency==

Unfortunately, the new president was unequal to the task of composing the differences in his party. For his secretary of state he chose James G. Blaine. the bitterest political enemy of Senator Roscoe Conkling (q.v.) the leader of the New York “stalwarts.” Without consulting the New York senators, Garfield appointed William H. Robertson, another political enemy of Conkling's, to the desirable post of Collector of the Port of New York, and thereby destroyed all prospects of party harmony.

Unfortunately, the new president was unequal to the task of composing the differences in his party. For his secretary of state he chose James G. Blaine. the bitterest political enemy of Senator [[Roscoe Conkling]] (q.v.) the leader of the New York “stalwarts.” Without consulting the New York senators, Garfield appointed William H. Robertson, another political enemy of Conkling's, to the desirable post of Collector of the Port of New York, and thereby destroyed all prospects of party harmony.

===Assassination===

===Assassination===

==Personal life==

==Personal life==

In 1858 Garfield had married Miss Lucretia Rudolph, by whom he had seven children.

In 1858 Garfield had married Miss Lucretia Rudolph, by whom he had seven children.

==References==

==References==

{{USPresidents}}

{{USPresidents}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Garfield, James}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Garfield, James}}

[[Category:Republicans]]

[[Category:Republicans]]